949:. This decision runs counter to an independent assessment commissioned by LADWP and the Inyo County Water Department in 1997, where it was recommended that beaver be maintained in reasonable populations and their dams left in place because "Although beaver activity has resulted in the removal of much willow and other shrub and woody vegetation and the dams create favorable tule conditions and reduce fish spawning habitat, they also provide important fish rearing habitat, mesic meadows, and promote the growth of other riparian species. It is most likely that the physical removal of beaver dams will result in more adverse environmental impacts than environmental benefits."
2311:
793:
61:
33:
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no more than a few square miles. Directly after the dam was closed and the river dried up, fish trapped on the dry riverbed would then be gathered and eaten. Before winter storms caused floods, the dam would be breached, allowing the river to flow naturally again, while fish would be collected in the dried-up river channel. By then, there would be enough food stored to last the winter in which the cropland would lie fallow.
2171:
45:
68:
656:, to 3,556 feet (1,084 m) on the bed of Owens Lake. The Owens River itself heads at an elevation of 7,291 feet (2,222 m). Few people inhabit the sparse, open grasslands and steep mountainsides of the watershed; the 2009 population of Mono County was about 12,927 while Inyo County had some 17,293 inhabitants. The largest city on the river is
832:
Typically, the Native
Americans built dams across the river or other tributary streams in the spring out of materials including boulders, dirt, reeds, grass, or other elements. The watercourse below the dam would then be desiccated, and the water led by canal to the irrigated plot of land, typically
779:
from the east, and the Death Valley Wash from the north. During this relatively short time, the Owens River became part of a vast interior drainage system that stretched east to west, covering over 8,000 square miles (21,000 km). During the runoff peak, water from this massive basin may have
636:
counties and terminates in the now-dry Owens Lake. To the northwest of the valley is the Long Valley
Caldera, which is only a fraction of the size of the Owens Valley. The Owens River enters Owens Valley from the northwest, while the Spring Valley Wash drains the northernmost part of the valley,
751:, melting glaciers in the Sierra Nevada and Inyo/White Mountains fed prodigious amounts of runoff into the Owens River, causing it to expand to many times its current size. The increased river volume caused Owens Lake to rise as well, eventually spilling out the south side of the valley into the
979:
community. The lower Owens River and Owens Lake were left dry by the 1913 diversions, until lawsuits forced LADWP to start releasing water into the 62 mi (100 km) lower Owens River in
December 2006. In less than one year, the lower Owens River was teeming with fish, birds and other
1103:
824:
systems, created by Paiute groups to water small patches of crops. It is believed that native people in the upper portion of the valley once built dams across the Owens River (and possibly one of its major tributaries, Bishop Creek) to divert water into local canals. The switch from a
926:"set his traps on the Truckee River in 1833", which strongly suggests that he saw a beaver or beaver sign. Supporting this line of evidence, Tappe records in 1941 an eyewitness who said beaver were plentiful on the upper part of the Carson River and its tributaries in
889:
in 1948 in Baker Creek, and has since spread throughout the Owens Valley. Although it is controversial whether beaver were once native to the Owens Valley, there is growing evidence that they were native to the eastern slope of the Sierra Nevada. In particular, the
712:
on the east, with the highest peaks of either range rising to over 14,000 feet (4,300 m) and the floor of the valley at a comparatively low 3,000 to 4,000 feet (910 to 1,220 m), the Owens River flows in one of the deepest valleys in the United States.
872:
to the east. Until 1924, Owens Lake was still so large that a steamboat ferry operated between its east and west sides, ferrying freight and passengers across in three hours, much less than the three days required to semi-circumnavigate the lake. In 1872, the
856:, who also came into the area in the 1800s. Gradually, the river's surroundings were settled by farmers and ranchers. The valley never accumulated a very large population, but mining activities brought significant income to the new inhabitants of the area.
724:, an enormous 20-mile (32 km)-wide crater formed by a volcanic eruption some 760,000 years ago. The eruption's resulting ash cloud covered much of the southwestern United States, including parts of ten
588:. In the area around Bishop, it is diverted through many ditches to irrigate the surrounding farming region. It flows south-southeast through the Owens Valley between the Sierra Nevada on the west and the
1904:
922:, he reported that the northern Paiute wrapped their hair in strips of beaver fur, made medicine from parts of beaver and that their creation legend included beaver. In addition, fur trapper
986:
732:, to the southwest (more popularly known as a major ski area) also formed from eruptions related to the Long Valley Caldera. To the north of the Caldera, extending to the
439:
1435:
3501:
3461:
535:. Since 1913, the Owens River has been diverted to Los Angeles, causing the ruin of the valley's economy and the drying of Owens Lake. In winter 2006, the
2194:
3496:
138:
2498:
1940:
700:, while the land on either side has risen. This has resulted in the flat floor and steep, towering walls of the present-day valley. With the
1844:
Don D. Fowler; Catherine S. Fowler; Stephen Powers (Summer–Autumn 1970). "Stephen Powers' "The Life and
Culture of the Washo and Paiutes"".
2072:
3456:
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1987:
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was highly controversial and led to violence and sabotage by local residents in the 1920s. The diversion of water and the subsequent
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536:
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to a settled, agricultural lifestyle is probably the result of the climate of the Owens Valley becoming drier some 1,000 years ago.
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1402:
1373:
1352:
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1079:
2225:
3491:
3486:
3481:
886:
456:
279:
1682:
Lawton, Harry W.; Wilke, Philip J.; DeDecker, Mary; Mason, William M. (1976). "Agriculture Among the Paiute of Owens Valley".
1550:
1515:
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2376:
1819:
1762:
1627:
809:
1809:
1465:
2911:
2851:
2619:
2159:
1962:
1343:
1281:
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423:
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of Owens Lake remains highly controversial, and the restoration of the lake has been a long-time goal of the
California
60:
3466:
3133:
848:, and Richard Owens, the latter for whom the river, lake, and valley are named. Other well-known adventurers included
755:. Ancient, now-abandoned river channels suggest that the extended Owens River ran south to China Lake, then east into
600:. Approximately 14 miles (22.5 km) south-southeast of Big Pine, most of the remaining river is diverted into the
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2885:
2144:
197:
1443:
2921:
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2890:
1348:
1286:
1255:
1197:
1160:
1075:
1245:"Evaluation of the Hydrologic System and Selected Water-Management Alternatives in the Owens Valley, California"
836:
In the nineteenth century, the Owens River was first seen by
American explorers. One of the first explorers was
3103:
2781:
3471:
3128:
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1796:
1338:
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1065:
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2022:
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and vast remnants of past volcanic activity. The upper 30 miles (48 km) of the river run through the
3314:
3143:
2280:
2218:
993:
435:
2108:
3113:
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2870:
2452:
2275:
431:
3369:
3218:
2588:
2528:
2447:
2350:
2310:
2177:
1769:
874:
653:
945:) out of the Owens Valley, claiming that beaver are damming flows into their diversions of water to
3364:
3354:
3349:
3283:
3228:
3193:
3148:
3138:
3072:
2906:
2678:
2401:
2330:
681:
608:. The remaining river flows through the southern valley, flanked by the Los Angeles Aqueduct, past
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146:
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3198:
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558:
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in the United States, approximately 183 miles (295 km) long. It drains into and through the
265:
183:
142:
116:
112:
1141:
3359:
3329:
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3178:
3123:
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2880:
2821:
2739:
2437:
2211:
1219:"Boundary Descriptions and Names of Regions, Subregions, Accounting Units and Cataloging Units"
648:
Vertical relief in the basin is immense – elevations range from 14,505 feet (4,421 m) at
3476:
3394:
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3208:
3062:
3057:
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2083:
958:
938:
919:
903:
609:
524:
517:
150:
2047:
1490:
800:
For thousands of years the Owens River valley was inhabited by the seminomadic Owens Valley
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3374:
3339:
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3243:
3238:
3223:
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3047:
3032:
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2811:
2801:
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1314:
964:
895:
701:
601:
597:
532:
179:
134:
1991:
8:
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3253:
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3183:
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3002:
2997:
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1880:
748:
721:
570:
1410:
1381:
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3258:
3188:
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2841:
1861:
1691:
1661:
1575:
1001:
968:
585:
552:
443:
261:
130:
1576:"The Little River That Could: Nevada's Amargosa River (section The Owens River Story)"
3425:
3410:
3042:
3037:
3012:
2796:
2673:
2538:
2140:
1963:
Technical
Memorandum #3 Distribution and Abundance of Beaver in the Lower Owens River
1815:
737:
645:
deposits from Sierra Nevada streams have forced the river channel in that direction.
581:
577:
540:
1127:
U.S. Geological Survey. National
Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data.
840:, who led a cartographic expedition to the Owens Valley in 1845. His party included
3344:
2744:
2663:
2648:
2442:
2416:
2260:
1853:
1526:
976:
853:
792:
729:
669:
126:
1773:
1631:
543:, the river bed in the valley, and Owens Lake to contain a small amount of water.
3415:
3384:
3379:
3017:
2791:
2643:
2631:
2523:
2432:
2300:
1469:
891:
837:
826:
801:
760:
697:
566:
510:
1596:
604:, completed in 1913 to supply municipal, recreational and agricultural water to
2653:
2636:
2626:
2593:
2578:
2543:
2518:
2381:
2265:
997:
911:
849:
796:
The semi-arid Owens Valley, with the Owens River flowing through the foreground
781:
776:
705:
629:
593:
539:
restored 5% of the pre-aqueduct flow to the river by court order, allowing the
502:
1966:
1843:
1652:
Bouey, Paul D. (1979). "Population
Pressure and Agriculture in Owens Valley".
3440:
2771:
2766:
2698:
2609:
2371:
2335:
2290:
2285:
2255:
2234:
1811:
California riparian systems: ecology, conservation, and productive management
927:
752:
661:
649:
498:
294:
281:
212:
199:
92:
2836:
2831:
2761:
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2708:
2703:
2683:
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2411:
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2345:
1218:
1039:
923:
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772:
764:
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717:
665:
574:
494:
354:
32:
2816:
2786:
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2568:
2553:
2548:
2533:
2406:
2386:
1128:
972:
845:
744:
693:
685:
660:, with a population of just under 4,000. Other significant towns include
625:
605:
528:
243:
2023:"River is resurrected: The long-dry Owens now teems with birds and fish"
1695:
1665:
3334:
2806:
2734:
2729:
2693:
2688:
2614:
2583:
2573:
2396:
2355:
2325:
2295:
2270:
1797:
U.S. Geological Survey
Geographic Names Information System: Baker Creek
899:
841:
821:
768:
725:
657:
613:
513:
490:
248:
102:
2048:"Money in the Lake: You will end up paying for repairing Owens Valley"
1865:
1551:"Long Valley Caldera and Mono-Inyo Craters Volcanic Field, California"
716:
Further to the north, the Owens River basin encompasses predominantly
624:
The river flows through two major valleys of the extreme southwestern
520:, at the bottom of a 2,600 sq mi (6,700 km) watershed.
49:
Map of the Owens Lake watershed, including Los Angeles Aqueduct system
2756:
2472:
1525:. Geothermal Resources Council. September 29–30, 2007. Archived from
1168:
820:. In the upper Owens Valley lie traces of some of California's first
733:
562:
1932:
1807:
1857:
1164:
805:
642:
641:. The river flows mainly on the east side of the valley, because
531:
and the inhabitants of Owens Valley over the construction of the
2203:
914:
visited the northern Paiute to collect Indian materials for the
865:
696:, a section of land that has dropped down between two parallel
689:
638:
413:
Spring Valley Wash, Silver Canyon Creek, Coldwater Canyon Creek
44:
2153:
861:
584:, emerging at the north end of the Owens Valley northwest of
486:
1990:. Los Angeles Department of Water and Power. Archived from
1763:"Cerro Gordo and Panamint City – The Silver Cities of Inyo"
1159:
877:
killed 27 people in the Owens Valley, mostly in Lone Pine.
1960:
1191:
1104:"USGS Gage #10227500 on the Owens River near Big Pine, CA"
860:
was shipped down the Owens River from the north, and also
857:
523:
In the early 1900s, the Owens River was the focus of the
1681:
1442:. University of Wisconsin, Stevens Point. Archived from
1098:
1096:
628:– the Long Valley and Owens Valley. The north to south
763:(where it formed Panamint Lake), and finally east into
1040:"Query Form For The United States And Its Territories"
580:, then descends through the 20-mile-long (32 km)
75:
Location of the mouth of the Owens River in California
1093:
557:
The river rises in the Sierra Nevada in southwestern
2137:
The great thirst: Californians and water – a history
930:
until 1892 when they fell victim to heavy trapping.
885:
Beaver was re-introduced to the Owens Valley by the
740:, which range in age from 400,000 to 500 years old.
2109:"The long-dry Owens now teems with birds and fish"
1654:Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology
1165:"United States Geological Survey Topographic Maps"
1239:
1237:
1235:
561:, approximately 15 miles (24.1 km) south of
497:, an arid basin between the eastern slope of the
169:Confluence of Deadman Creek and an unnamed stream
3438:
1902:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1497:. Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
1808:Richard E. Warner; Kathleen M. Hendrix (1984).
1429:
1427:
1914:. California Department of Fish & Game: 14
1878:
1814:. University of California Press. p. 80.
1315:"Points of Interest in the Owens River Valley"
1232:
2219:
2106:
2070:
1933:"LA to hire beaver trappers for Owens Valley"
1614:
1603:. United States Geological Survey. 2009-12-18
612:, entering the lake bed of predominantly dry
1965:(Report). Ecosystem Sciences. Archived from
1424:
1186:
1184:
996:Panorama of the Owens River Valley from the
771:. This great inland sea was also fed by the
3502:Wild and Scenic Rivers of the United States
3462:Rivers of the Sierra Nevada (United States)
952:
784:through a valley leading to the southeast.
637:extending a tiny portion of the basin into
2226:
2212:
1885:. Oakland, California: Thompson & West
680:The Owens River flows through part of the
3497:Rivers of the Sierra Nevada in California
1839:
1837:
1677:
1675:
1181:
935:Los Angeles Department of Water and Power
537:Los Angeles Department of Water and Power
1760:
1468:. Owens Valley Committee. Archived from
1353:United States Department of the Interior
1291:United States Department of the Interior
1153:
1142:"L.A. Returns Water to the Owens Valley"
1080:United States Department of the Interior
963:The acquisition of water rights for the
812:. The indigenous name for the river was
791:
2134:
2020:
1988:"The Story of the Los Angeles Aqueduct"
1738:"Chronological History of Owens Valley"
1597:"The Mojave River and Associated Lakes"
3439:
1834:
1672:
1309:
1307:
1060:
1058:
1056:
887:California Department of Fish and Game
376:51.9 cu ft/s (1.47 m/s)
324:183 mi (295 km), north-south
2207:
2045:
1961:Mark Hill; William S. Platts (1997).
1905:"The Status of Beavers in California"
1651:
1625:
1433:
616:at the southern end of Owens Valley.
386:3,220 cu ft/s (91 m/s)
366:389 cu ft/s (11.0 m/s)
332:2,604 sq mi (6,740 km)
2160:
2073:"In Owens Valley, water again flows"
1409:. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from
1380:. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from
1320:. Center for Land Use Interpretation
1110:. U.S. Geological Survey. 1975-12-19
565:and 35 miles (56.3 km) east of
1630:. Bishop California. Archived from
1344:Geographic Names Information System
1304:
1282:Geographic Names Information System
1211:
1071:Geographic Names Information System
1053:
67:
13:
2139:. University of California Press.
1735:
1684:Journal of California Anthropology
1121:
37:Owens River south of Poverty Hills
14:
3513:
3457:Rivers of Mono County, California
3452:Rivers of Inyo County, California
2233:
1108:National Water Information System
1000:. The large body of water is the
2309:
2186:
2169:
2046:Kelly, William J. (2004-04-29).
1463:
1193:USGS Topo Maps for United States
1042:. U.S. Board on Geographic Names
985:
569:. It flows southeast across the
66:
59:
43:
31:
2100:
2064:
2039:
2014:
2005:
1980:
1954:
1943:from the original on 2011-06-28
1925:
1896:
1872:
1801:
1790:
1754:
1729:
1720:
1711:
1702:
1645:
1589:
1568:
1543:
1508:
1483:
1457:
1395:
1366:
1349:United States Geological Survey
1331:
1287:United States Geological Survey
1269:
1256:United States Geological Survey
1252:California Water Science Center
1198:United States Geological Survey
1161:United States Geological Survey
1076:United States Geological Survey
816:, while they called Owens Lake
2128:
1134:
1032:
509:. The river terminates at the
457:National Wild and Scenic River
273: • coordinates
191: • coordinates
1:
3492:Rivers of Southern California
3487:Rivers of Northern California
3482:Sierra Nevada (United States)
2021:Sahagun, Louis (2007-07-08).
1628:"Bishop and the Owens Valley"
1407:State & County QuickFacts
1378:State & County QuickFacts
1026:
920:Centennial Exhibition of 1876
527:, fought between the city of
501:and the western faces of the
157:Physical characteristics
2107:Louis Sahagun (2007-07-08).
2071:Louis Sahagun (2006-12-07).
1440:Natural and Applied Sciences
1434:Dutch, Steven (2006-01-06).
1016:List of rivers of California
619:
316:3,592 ft (1,095 m)
312: • elevation
234:7,251 ft (2,210 m)
230: • elevation
7:
1131:, accessed March 17, 2011,
1009:
632:is in portions of Mono and
350: • location
256: • location
175: • location
16:River in eastern California
10:
3518:
3119:Ed Z'berg Sugar Pine Point
1436:"Owens Valley, California"
956:
880:
787:
675:
652:, the highest peak in the
550:
382: • maximum
372: • minimum
362: • average
3467:Rivers of the Great Basin
3403:
3307:
3161:
3091:
2960:
2899:
2861:
2850:
2722:
2602:
2511:
2486:
2425:
2364:
2318:
2307:
2248:
2241:
1903:Tappe, Donald T. (1942).
1770:Eastern California Museum
1578:. Thoughts and Places.Org
1557:. Oregon State University
1403:"Inyo County, California"
1374:"Mono County, California"
704:on the west side and the
654:continental United States
546:
475:
471:
463:
454:
450:
417:
407:
399:
394:
390:
380:
370:
360:
348:
340:
336:
328:
320:
310:
271:
260:A few miles northwest of
254:
242:
238:
228:
189:
173:
165:
161:
156:
122:
108:
98:
88:
83:
54:
42:
30:
21:
2135:Hundley, Norris (2001).
1882:History of Amador County
1495:Global Volcanism Program
953:Water rights controversy
937:(LADWP) decided to trap
688:. The Owens Valley is a
682:Basin and Range Province
668:(population 1,707), and
419: • right
1879:Jesse D. Mason (1881).
1761:Fretheim, Paul (2005).
1021:Owens Valley Indian War
967:under the direction of
918:in preparation for the
916:Smithsonian Institution
906:have a word for beaver
736:area, lie the chain of
409: • left
3068:Owens River Headwaters
1743:. Owens Valley History
1601:Publications Warehouse
1466:"Owens Valley geology"
1196:(Map). Cartography by
797:
295:36.54194°N 117.97917°W
213:37.75028°N 118.93889°W
1516:"Long Valley Caldera"
959:California Water Wars
795:
525:California Water Wars
3472:Los Angeles Aqueduct
3078:Sequoia-Kings Canyon
2011:Hundley, pp. 155-171
965:Los Angeles Aqueduct
908:su-i'-tu-ti-kut'-teh
875:Lone Pine earthquake
775:from the south, the
664:(population 2,035),
602:Los Angeles Aqueduct
533:Los Angeles Aqueduct
300:36.54194; -117.97917
218:37.75028; -118.93889
180:Inyo National Forest
3421:Pacific Crest Trail
3104:Calaveras Big Trees
2249:Peaks >14,000 ft
1912:Game Bulletin No. 3
1523:2007 Annual Meeting
749:last glacial period
722:Long Valley Caldera
684:of North America's
571:Long Valley Caldera
395:Basin features
291: /
209: /
3129:Grover Hot Springs
1002:Tinemaha Reservoir
969:William Mulholland
798:
747:at the end of the
672:(population 669).
596:on the east, past
553:Owens River course
444:Independence Creek
3434:
3433:
3426:Sierra High Route
3411:High Sierra Trail
3157:
3156:
3134:Lake Tahoe Nevada
2507:
2506:
2113:Los Angeles Times
2080:Los Angeles Times
2027:Los Angeles Times
1821:978-0-520-05035-8
1768:. Friends of the
1626:Cheuvront, Mike.
943:Castor canadensis
924:Stephen Hall Meek
759:, north into the
738:Mono-Inyo Craters
582:Owens River Gorge
541:Owens River Gorge
479:
478:
446:, Lone Pine Creek
3509:
3370:Mammoth Mountain
3345:Donner Ski Ranch
3274:South Lake Tahoe
3144:South Yuba River
2961:Wilderness areas
2922:Lake Tahoe Basin
2912:Humboldt–Toiyabe
2900:National forests
2859:
2858:
2443:Bear Creek Spire
2313:
2246:
2245:
2228:
2221:
2214:
2205:
2204:
2199:
2191:
2190:
2189:
2182:
2174:
2173:
2172:
2162:
2150:
2123:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2104:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2094:
2088:
2082:. Archived from
2077:
2068:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2018:
2012:
2009:
2003:
2002:
2000:
1999:
1984:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1958:
1952:
1951:
1949:
1948:
1929:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1919:
1909:
1900:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1890:
1876:
1870:
1869:
1852:(3/4): 117–149.
1841:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1805:
1799:
1794:
1788:
1787:
1785:
1784:
1778:
1772:. Archived from
1767:
1758:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1748:
1742:
1733:
1727:
1724:
1718:
1715:
1709:
1706:
1700:
1699:
1679:
1670:
1669:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1639:
1623:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1593:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1583:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1547:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1537:
1531:
1520:
1512:
1506:
1505:
1503:
1502:
1487:
1481:
1480:
1478:
1477:
1461:
1455:
1454:
1452:
1451:
1431:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1418:
1399:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1389:
1370:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1360:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1326:
1325:
1319:
1311:
1302:
1301:
1299:
1298:
1273:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1263:
1249:
1241:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1226:
1215:
1209:
1208:
1206:
1205:
1188:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1175:
1157:
1151:
1149:
1138:
1132:
1129:The National Map
1125:
1119:
1118:
1116:
1115:
1100:
1091:
1090:
1088:
1087:
1062:
1051:
1050:
1048:
1047:
1036:
989:
977:environmentalist
854:Joseph R. Walker
810:Native Americans
767:and the ancient
730:Mammoth Mountain
420:
410:
383:
373:
363:
351:
306:
305:
303:
302:
301:
296:
292:
289:
288:
287:
284:
231:
224:
223:
221:
220:
219:
214:
210:
207:
206:
205:
202:
192:
176:
70:
69:
63:
47:
35:
19:
18:
3517:
3516:
3512:
3511:
3510:
3508:
3507:
3506:
3437:
3436:
3435:
3430:
3416:John Muir Trail
3399:
3385:Palisades Tahoe
3380:Sierra at Tahoe
3303:
3199:Incline Village
3153:
3114:Donner Memorial
3087:
2956:
2895:
2886:Devils Postpile
2863:
2853:
2846:
2718:
2598:
2503:
2482:
2421:
2360:
2314:
2305:
2301:Middle Palisade
2237:
2232:
2202:
2198:from Wikisource
2192:
2187:
2185:
2175:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2161:sister projects
2158:at Knowledge's
2147:
2131:
2126:
2117:
2115:
2105:
2101:
2092:
2090:
2086:
2075:
2069:
2065:
2056:
2054:
2044:
2040:
2031:
2029:
2019:
2015:
2010:
2006:
1997:
1995:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1972:
1970:
1959:
1955:
1946:
1944:
1931:
1930:
1926:
1917:
1915:
1907:
1901:
1897:
1888:
1886:
1877:
1873:
1842:
1835:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1806:
1802:
1795:
1791:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1765:
1759:
1755:
1746:
1744:
1740:
1734:
1730:
1725:
1721:
1716:
1712:
1707:
1703:
1680:
1673:
1650:
1646:
1637:
1635:
1624:
1615:
1606:
1604:
1595:
1594:
1590:
1581:
1579:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1560:
1558:
1549:
1548:
1544:
1535:
1533:
1529:
1518:
1514:
1513:
1509:
1500:
1498:
1489:
1488:
1484:
1475:
1473:
1462:
1458:
1449:
1447:
1432:
1425:
1416:
1414:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1387:
1385:
1372:
1371:
1367:
1358:
1356:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1312:
1305:
1296:
1294:
1277:"Mount Whitney"
1275:
1274:
1270:
1261:
1259:
1247:
1243:
1242:
1233:
1224:
1222:
1217:
1216:
1212:
1203:
1201:
1190:
1189:
1182:
1173:
1171:
1158:
1154:
1140:
1139:
1135:
1126:
1122:
1113:
1111:
1102:
1101:
1094:
1085:
1083:
1064:
1063:
1054:
1045:
1043:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1012:
1007:
1006:
1005:
995:
990:
961:
955:
892:northern Paiute
883:
838:John C. Fremont
827:hunter-gatherer
802:Northern Paiute
790:
780:escaped to the
761:Panamint Valley
710:White Mountains
678:
622:
567:Yosemite Valley
555:
549:
507:White Mountains
459:
418:
408:
381:
371:
361:
349:
313:
299:
297:
293:
290:
285:
282:
280:
278:
277:
274:
257:
229:
217:
215:
211:
208:
203:
200:
198:
196:
195:
190:
174:
79:
78:
77:
76:
73:
72:
71:
50:
38:
26:
23:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3515:
3505:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3432:
3431:
3429:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3407:
3405:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3315:Alpine Meadows
3311:
3309:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3165:
3163:
3159:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3152:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3095:
3093:
3089:
3088:
3086:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2983:Carson–Iceberg
2980:
2975:
2970:
2964:
2962:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2903:
2901:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2867:
2865:
2862:National parks
2856:
2848:
2847:
2845:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2753:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2726:
2724:
2720:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2640:
2639:
2629:
2624:
2623:
2622:
2617:
2606:
2604:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2508:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2501:
2496:
2490:
2488:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2429:
2427:
2426:Southern peaks
2423:
2422:
2420:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2368:
2366:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2322:
2320:
2319:Northern peaks
2316:
2315:
2308:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2266:North Palisade
2263:
2258:
2252:
2250:
2243:
2239:
2238:
2231:
2230:
2223:
2216:
2208:
2201:
2200:
2183:
2154:
2152:
2151:
2145:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2124:
2099:
2063:
2038:
2013:
2004:
1979:
1953:
1939:. 2011-02-09.
1924:
1895:
1871:
1858:10.2307/481206
1833:
1820:
1800:
1789:
1753:
1728:
1726:Hundley, p. 20
1719:
1717:Hundley, p. 19
1710:
1708:Hundley, p. 18
1701:
1671:
1660:(1): 162–170.
1644:
1613:
1588:
1567:
1542:
1507:
1482:
1456:
1423:
1394:
1365:
1330:
1303:
1268:
1231:
1210:
1180:
1152:
1133:
1120:
1092:
1052:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1011:
1008:
998:Inyo Mountains
992:
991:
984:
983:
982:
957:Main article:
954:
951:
912:Stephen Powers
882:
879:
850:Jedediah Smith
789:
786:
782:Colorado River
777:Amargosa River
706:Inyo Mountains
677:
674:
630:drainage basin
621:
618:
594:Inyo Mountains
551:Main article:
548:
545:
477:
476:
473:
472:
469:
468:
467:March 30, 2009
465:
461:
460:
455:
452:
451:
448:
447:
436:Big Pine Creek
421:
415:
414:
411:
405:
404:
401:
397:
396:
392:
391:
388:
387:
384:
378:
377:
374:
368:
367:
364:
358:
357:
352:
346:
345:
342:
338:
337:
334:
333:
330:
326:
325:
322:
318:
317:
314:
311:
308:
307:
275:
272:
269:
268:
258:
255:
252:
251:
246:
240:
239:
236:
235:
232:
226:
225:
193:
187:
186:
177:
171:
170:
167:
163:
162:
159:
158:
154:
153:
124:
120:
119:
110:
106:
105:
100:
96:
95:
90:
86:
85:
81:
80:
74:
65:
64:
58:
57:
56:
55:
52:
51:
48:
40:
39:
36:
28:
27:
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3514:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3408:
3406:
3402:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3360:June Mountain
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3312:
3310:
3306:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3219:Mammoth Lakes
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3160:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3139:Plumas-Eureka
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3096:
3094:
3090:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3073:Sacatar Trail
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2959:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2904:
2902:
2898:
2892:
2891:Giant Sequoia
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2864:and monuments
2860:
2857:
2855:
2849:
2843:
2842:Hell for Sure
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2731:
2728:
2727:
2725:
2721:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2601:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2510:
2500:
2499:First ascents
2497:
2495:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2424:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2365:Central peaks
2363:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2336:Granite Chief
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2317:
2312:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2247:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2235:Sierra Nevada
2229:
2224:
2222:
2217:
2215:
2210:
2209:
2206:
2197:
2196:
2184:
2180:
2179:
2167:
2166:
2163:
2157:
2148:
2146:0-520-22456-6
2142:
2138:
2133:
2132:
2114:
2110:
2103:
2089:on 2011-07-11
2085:
2081:
2074:
2067:
2053:
2049:
2042:
2028:
2024:
2017:
2008:
1994:on 2009-02-01
1993:
1989:
1983:
1969:on 2011-07-22
1968:
1964:
1957:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1928:
1913:
1906:
1899:
1884:
1883:
1875:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1840:
1838:
1823:
1817:
1813:
1812:
1804:
1798:
1793:
1779:on 2011-07-26
1775:
1771:
1764:
1757:
1739:
1732:
1723:
1714:
1705:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1678:
1676:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1648:
1634:on 2008-10-23
1633:
1629:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1602:
1598:
1592:
1577:
1571:
1556:
1555:Volcano World
1552:
1546:
1532:on 2011-07-21
1528:
1524:
1517:
1511:
1496:
1492:
1491:"Long Valley"
1486:
1472:on 2010-11-14
1471:
1467:
1464:Heil, Darla.
1460:
1446:on 2010-06-11
1445:
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1413:on 2016-01-19
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1200:. ACME Mapper
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1066:"Owens River"
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3477:Owens Valley
3395:Tahoe Donner
3284:Sutter Creek
3229:Markleeville
3194:Grass Valley
3099:Burton Creek
3023:Jennie Lakes
3008:Golden Trout
2993:Dinkey Lakes
2988:Chimney Peak
2871:Kings Canyon
2782:Independence
2713:
2193:
2181:from Commons
2176:
2155:
2136:
2116:. Retrieved
2112:
2102:
2091:. Retrieved
2084:the original
2079:
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2016:
2007:
1996:. Retrieved
1992:the original
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1967:the original
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1945:. Retrieved
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1881:
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1846:Ethnohistory
1845:
1825:. Retrieved
1810:
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1781:. Retrieved
1774:the original
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1745:. Retrieved
1736:Gagnon, Al.
1731:
1722:
1713:
1704:
1690:(1): 13–50.
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1636:. Retrieved
1632:the original
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1527:the original
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1470:the original
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1444:the original
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1411:the original
1406:
1397:
1386:. Retrieved
1382:the original
1377:
1368:
1357:. Retrieved
1355:. 1981-01-19
1342:
1339:"Owens Lake"
1333:
1322:. Retrieved
1295:. Retrieved
1293:. 1981-01-19
1280:
1271:
1260:. Retrieved
1258:. 2010-05-27
1251:
1223:. Retrieved
1213:
1202:. Retrieved
1192:
1172:. Retrieved
1155:
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1136:
1123:
1112:. Retrieved
1107:
1084:. Retrieved
1082:. 1981-01-19
1069:
1044:. Retrieved
1034:
962:
942:
932:
907:
904:Pyramid Lake
884:
870:Death Valley
835:
831:
817:
813:
799:
773:Mojave River
765:Death Valley
757:Searles Lake
742:
715:
679:
670:Independence
647:
623:
575:Lake Crowley
556:
522:
495:Owens Valley
482:
480:
432:Bishop Creek
355:Big Pine, CA
147:Independence
3447:Owens River
3340:Dodge Ridge
3325:Bear Valley
3320:Badger Pass
3264:San Andreas
3249:Placerville
3234:Nevada City
3169:Angels Camp
3162:Communities
3124:Emerald Bay
3109:D. L. Bliss
3092:State parks
2973:Bright Star
2968:Ansel Adams
2745:Fallen Leaf
2674:San Joaquin
2156:Owens River
2129:Works cited
973:desiccation
947:Los Angeles
896:Walker Lake
846:Edward Kern
745:Pleistocene
743:During the
726:U.S. states
694:rift valley
686:Great Basin
626:Great Basin
606:Los Angeles
559:Mono County
529:Los Angeles
489:in eastern
483:Owens River
440:Birch Creek
400:Tributaries
298: /
286:117°58′45″W
266:Inyo County
216: /
204:118°56′20″W
184:Mono County
143:Chrysopolis
117:Inyo County
113:Mono County
22:Owens River
3441:Categories
3390:Sugar Bowl
3335:China Peak
3289:Tahoe City
3279:Susanville
3179:Bridgeport
3149:Van Sickle
3063:Owens Peak
3058:Mount Rose
3028:John Krebs
2978:Bucks Lake
2947:Stanislaus
2812:Courtright
2792:Huntington
2664:Chowchilla
2649:Stanislaus
2524:Beckwourth
2261:Williamson
2118:2011-02-12
2093:2011-02-12
2057:2010-06-04
2032:2010-06-05
1998:2007-10-27
1973:2011-02-12
1947:2011-02-12
1918:2011-02-12
1889:2011-02-12
1827:2011-02-12
1783:2010-06-04
1747:2010-06-04
1638:2010-06-04
1607:2010-06-05
1582:2010-06-05
1561:2010-06-05
1536:2010-06-05
1501:2010-06-05
1476:2010-06-05
1450:2010-06-05
1417:2010-06-05
1388:2010-06-05
1359:2010-06-05
1324:2010-06-05
1297:2010-06-05
1262:2010-06-05
1225:2010-06-07
1221:. USGS.gov
1204:2010-06-05
1174:2010-06-05
1114:2011-12-15
1086:2010-06-05
1046:2010-05-13
1027:References
980:wildlife.
900:Honey Lake
842:Kit Carson
822:irrigation
808:tribes of
769:Lake Manly
614:Owens Lake
573:, through
514:Owens Lake
491:California
464:Designated
428:Rock Creek
329:Basin size
283:36°32′31″N
249:Owens Lake
201:37°45′01″N
103:California
3375:Northstar
3308:Ski areas
3294:Tehachapi
3209:Kernville
3048:Mokelumne
3033:John Muir
2852:Protected
2644:Calaveras
2632:Mokelumne
2594:Tehachapi
2519:Fredonyer
2494:Peak list
2433:Humphreys
2382:Mokelumne
2377:Round Top
2242:Mountains
1169:TopoQuest
734:Mono Lake
662:Lone Pine
620:Watershed
610:Lone Pine
578:reservoir
563:Mono Lake
518:Lone Pine
516:south of
511:endorheic
424:Hot Creek
341:Discharge
151:Lone Pine
3365:Kirkwood
3355:Homewood
3350:Heavenly
3244:Paradise
3239:Oakhurst
3224:Mariposa
3214:Loyalton
3083:Yosemite
3003:Emigrant
2998:Domeland
2907:Eldorado
2881:Yosemite
2797:Florence
2772:Isabella
2767:Oroville
2654:Tuolumne
2637:Cosumnes
2627:American
2539:Mt. Rose
2487:Climbing
2372:Red Lake
2052:LAWeekly
1941:Archived
1937:ABC News
1696:27824857
1666:27824952
1010:See also
806:Shoshone
804:and the
666:Big Pine
643:alluvial
598:Big Pine
145:(site),
141:(site),
135:Big Pine
109:District
84:Location
3299:Truckee
3254:Portola
3204:Jackson
3184:Chester
3053:Monarch
2937:Sequoia
2876:Sequoia
2837:Convict
2832:Crowley
2822:Mammoth
2762:Almanor
2750:Spooner
2699:Truckee
2610:Feather
2589:Sherman
2579:Minaret
2564:Ebbetts
2559:Monitor
2544:Spooner
2468:Olancha
2453:Agassiz
2417:Mammoth
2392:Leavitt
2351:Pyramid
2291:Tyndall
2286:Langley
2276:Russell
2256:Whitney
1146:NPR.org
910:. When
881:Ecology
818:Pacheta
814:Wakopee
788:History
676:Geology
89:Country
25:Wakopee
3404:Trails
3330:Boreal
3269:Sonora
3259:Quincy
3189:Colfax
3174:Auburn
3043:Kiavah
3038:Kaiser
3013:Hoover
2942:Sierra
2932:Plumas
2927:Lassen
2817:Tenaya
2807:Wishon
2802:Edison
2787:Shaver
2777:Donner
2709:Walker
2704:Carson
2684:Kaweah
2669:Fresno
2659:Merced
2603:Rivers
2584:Kaweah
2569:Sonora
2554:Carson
2534:Donner
2512:Passes
2478:Double
2463:Brewer
2458:Kaweah
2448:Darwin
2412:Ritter
2407:Banner
2387:Sonora
2346:Tallac
2331:Castle
2143:
1866:481206
1864:
1818:
1694:
1664:
939:beaver
866:silver
698:faults
690:graben
658:Bishop
639:Nevada
586:Bishop
547:Course
403:
344:
321:Length
262:Keeler
166:Source
131:Bishop
123:Cities
2952:Tahoe
2854:areas
2735:Aloha
2730:Tahoe
2723:Lakes
2714:Owens
2679:Kings
2574:Tioga
2402:Lyell
2356:Freel
2281:Split
2195:Texts
2178:Media
2087:(PDF)
2076:(PDF)
1908:(PDF)
1862:JSTOR
1777:(PDF)
1766:(PDF)
1741:(PDF)
1692:JSTOR
1662:JSTOR
1530:(PDF)
1519:(PDF)
1318:(PDF)
1248:(PDF)
868:from
862:borax
590:White
487:river
485:is a
244:Mouth
99:State
3018:Ishi
2917:Inyo
2827:Bass
2757:Mono
2740:Echo
2694:Kern
2689:Tule
2620:Bear
2615:Yuba
2549:Echo
2529:Yuba
2473:Kern
2397:Dana
2341:Rose
2326:Lola
2296:Muir
2271:Sill
2141:ISBN
1816:ISBN
902:and
864:and
852:and
708:and
634:Inyo
592:and
505:and
503:Inyo
481:The
139:Elna
127:Mesa
2438:Tom
1854:doi
1150:NPR
894:of
858:Ore
692:or
3443::
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941:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
