105:
34:
87:
skiing trip in 1920, and the following spring saw a 300 percent increase in applications for admission to the college. By 1932, 14 outing clubs had been founded at universities in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada. These 14 clubs formed the
Intercollegiate Outing Club Association
96:, IOCA outings were a popular way for members to meet students of the opposite sex. According to Dr. E. John B. Allen of the New England Ski Museum, collegiate outing clubs played an important role in promoting and modernizing skiing in the United States in the 1920s and 1930s.
165:
and little bureaucracy. A trip may or may not have a designated facilitator or leader to enforce safety or legal guidelines. A less common trip model is the "guided or packaged trip," in which most details are planned in advance.
91:
Outing clubs were especially popular before and during World War II. They offered a way for students to find transportation at a time when few had cars and when gasoline was rationed. Because many of these clubs were at
157:
Like other student societies, outing clubs are usually run and chartered by students of a college or university along with an advisor. Equipment and fees are funded by membership dues, shared trip costs, or donations.
88:(IOCA) to organize multi-club excursions. These clubs were based on the model established at Dartmouth, although similar groups had existed since at least 1888.
175:
135:
sports such as snowboarding and hang gliding. Clubs typically provide gear and training for new members to help them participate safely.
131:. The specific activities depend on the club and may range from wilderness exploration (such as climbing, hiking, and canoeing) to more
73:. In 1909, students at New Hampshire's Dartmouth College organized a club around such outings, with a particular emphasis on
57:. Outing clubs provide their members with the planning, training, access, and equipment necessary to enjoy these activities.
464:
425:"The Emergence and Evolution of Outdoor Adventure Programs, 1863-2000: A History of Student Initiated Outing Programs"
294:
142:
through educational events or by participating in service projects, such as building or maintaining cabins or trails.
389:
70:
79:
429:
Daring To Be
Different! Proceedings of the Annual International Conference on Outdoor Recreation and Education
108:
400:
162:
120:
84:
186:
139:
93:
8:
431:. Bloomington, Illinois: Association of Outdoor Recreation and Education. pp. 40–53
149:
were also important outing club activities in the past, but this is less common today.
128:
112:
66:
54:
385:
180:
116:
69:
began planning wilderness outings in the late nineteenth century in response to the
299:
379:
50:
146:
458:
190:
132:
194:
74:
381:
From
Skisport to Skiing: One Hundred Years of an American Sport, 1840–1940
198:
20:
295:"Outdoors club brings back Mt. Baldy hike with emphasis on inclusivity"
104:
33:
424:
27:
161:
Clubs tend to use a "common adventure" model, with democratic
411:(2). Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society: 151–164
399:
Harris, Fred H. (February 1920). Grosvenor, Gilbert (ed.).
449:
37:
Ski jumping at a
Dartmouth Outing Club event circa 1920
456:
286:
127:An outing club participates in a variety of
176:List of college and university outing clubs
427:. In Joyce, Peter; Poff, Raymond (eds.).
103:
32:
450:Intercollegiate Outing Club Association
293:Wu, Pei Pei Barth (28 September 2018).
19:For the historic building in Iowa, see
457:
398:
16:Student society for outdoor recreation
401:"Skiing Over the New Hampshire Hills"
384:. University of Massachusetts Press.
377:
422:
225:
223:
71:early American conservation movement
13:
292:
14:
476:
443:
220:
423:Webb, David J. (November 2001).
359:
350:
341:
332:
323:
314:
152:
129:outdoor recreational activities
277:
268:
259:
250:
241:
232:
211:
123:in swimwear or goofy costumes.
1:
205:
99:
83:published an article about a
7:
169:
138:Outing clubs often promote
10:
481:
378:Allen, E. John B. (1996).
338:Webb 2001, pp. 44, 45, 49.
274:Webb 2001, pp. 42, 43, 50.
115:, hosts an annual hike up
60:
25:
18:
465:University outdoors clubs
238:Harris 1920, pp. 151–164.
111:, the outing club of the
26:Not to be confused with
347:Webb 2001, pp. 47, 49.
124:
38:
229:Allen 1996, pp. 75-76
163:group decision-making
121:San Gabriel Mountains
107:
85:Dartmouth Outing Club
36:
283:Allen 1996, pg. 117.
187:caving organizations
185:Single-sport clubs:
405:National Geographic
247:Allen 1996, pg. 78.
80:National Geographic
365:Webb 2001, pg. 51.
356:Webb 2001, pg. 50.
329:Webb 2001, pg. 49.
320:Webb 2001, pg. 40.
265:Webb 2001, pg. 48.
256:Webb 2001, pg. 46.
217:Webb 2001, pg. 42.
125:
113:Claremont Colleges
94:single-sex schools
55:outdoor recreation
39:
181:Outdoor education
472:
439:
437:
436:
419:
417:
416:
395:
366:
363:
357:
354:
348:
345:
339:
336:
330:
327:
321:
318:
312:
311:
309:
307:
300:The Student Life
290:
284:
281:
275:
272:
266:
263:
257:
254:
248:
245:
239:
236:
230:
227:
218:
215:
67:students' unions
480:
479:
475:
474:
473:
471:
470:
469:
455:
454:
446:
434:
432:
414:
412:
392:
369:
364:
360:
355:
351:
346:
342:
337:
333:
328:
324:
319:
315:
305:
303:
291:
287:
282:
278:
273:
269:
264:
260:
255:
251:
246:
242:
237:
233:
228:
221:
216:
212:
208:
172:
155:
102:
63:
51:student society
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
478:
468:
467:
453:
452:
445:
444:External links
442:
441:
440:
420:
396:
390:
374:
373:
368:
367:
358:
349:
340:
331:
322:
313:
285:
276:
267:
258:
249:
240:
231:
219:
209:
207:
204:
203:
202:
183:
178:
171:
168:
154:
151:
147:square dancing
101:
98:
62:
59:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
477:
466:
463:
462:
460:
451:
448:
447:
430:
426:
421:
410:
406:
402:
397:
393:
391:9781558490475
387:
383:
382:
376:
375:
371:
370:
362:
353:
344:
335:
326:
317:
302:
301:
296:
289:
280:
271:
262:
253:
244:
235:
226:
224:
214:
210:
200:
196:
192:
191:climbing club
188:
184:
182:
179:
177:
174:
173:
167:
164:
159:
150:
148:
143:
141:
136:
134:
130:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
97:
95:
89:
86:
82:
81:
76:
75:winter sports
72:
68:
58:
56:
52:
48:
47:outdoors club
44:
35:
29:
22:
433:. Retrieved
428:
413:. Retrieved
408:
404:
380:
372:Bibliography
361:
352:
343:
334:
325:
316:
304:. Retrieved
298:
288:
279:
270:
261:
252:
243:
234:
213:
195:cycling club
160:
156:
153:Organization
145:Singing and
144:
140:conservation
137:
126:
109:On the Loose
90:
78:
64:
53:centered on
46:
42:
40:
199:rowing club
117:Mount Baldy
43:outing club
21:Outing Club
435:2014-06-01
415:2014-06-01
206:References
100:Activities
133:"extreme"
459:Category
306:3 August
170:See also
119:in the
61:Origins
388:
201:, etc.
28:outing
65:Some
49:is a
386:ISBN
308:2020
45:or
41:An
461::
409:37
407:.
403:.
297:.
222:^
197:,
193:,
189:,
77:.
438:.
418:.
394:.
310:.
30:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
