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Accurate description, mapping, and sampling for laboratory analysis of outcrops made possible all of the geologic sciences and the development of fundamental geologic laws such as the
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orientations. Outcrops are also very important for understanding fossil assemblages, and paleo-environment, and evolution as they provide a record of relative changes within geologic
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of earth history. Some of the types of information that cannot be obtained except from bedrock outcrops or by precise drilling and coring operations, are
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Bedrock and superficial deposits may also be exposed at the Earth's surface due to human excavations such as quarrying and building of transport routes.
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Outcrops do not cover the majority of the Earth's land surface because in most places the bedrock or superficial deposits are covered by
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and vegetation and cannot be seen or examined closely. However, in places where the overlying cover is removed through
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erosion during the last glacial maximum (ca. 11000 BC), followed by scouring by sea waves, followed by
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557:"parks.lacounty.gov. Vazquez Rocks Natural Area and Nature Center. access date:5/22/2010"
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Visible exposure of bedrock or ancient superficial deposits on the surface of the Earth
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and outcrops are therefore extremely important for understanding the
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521:. Washington, DC: American Geological Institute, pp. 207-208
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has produced many smooth coastal and littoral outcrops.
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Outcrops allow direct observation and sampling of the
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49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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532:"oxy.edu. Vazquez Rocks. access date:5/22/2010"
237:features orientations (e.g. bedding planes,
316:is another example of outcrops, located in
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
519:Glossary of Geology and Related Sciences
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145:on the surface of the Earth and other
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266:principle of original horizontality
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499:List of rock formations
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517:Howell, J. V., 1960,
484:Digital outcrop model
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593:at Wikimedia Commons
489:Geological formation
262:law of superposition
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43:improve this article
494:Geologic time scale
413:Roubidoux Formation
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183:tectonically active
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362:outcrop in Finland
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565:. Retrieved
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540:. Retrieved
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398:Yana, India
360:Precambrian
141:or ancient
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567:2010-05-24
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505:References
440:California
294:California
272:, and the
249:changes),
185:areas. In
179:weathering
69:newspapers
322:Karnataka
310:sandstone
243:foliation
58:"Outcrop"
591:Outcrops
462:See also
421:Missouri
288:maps in
280:Examples
219:geologic
171:crop out
153:Features
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415:in the
375:Granite
296:is the
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187:Finland
175:erosion
163:erosion
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264:, the
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