2284:
363:
He discusses the culture of doers who want to accomplish and those who see themselves as victims of injustice and hopelessness and who do not want to try to succeed, but instead like to pretend to be successful while living the city lifestyle in poverty. He had become frustrated with getting some members of his race to populate the frontier and make something of themselves, with real work and property investment. He wrote more than 100 letters to fellow
Negroes in the East beckoning them to come West, but only his older brother eventually took his advice. One of Micheaux's fundamental beliefs was that hard work and enterprise would make any person rise to respect and prominence no matter his or her race.
491:. It contrasted the experiences for African Americans who stayed in rural areas and others who had migrated to cities and become urbanized. Micheaux explored the suffering of African Americans in the present day, without explaining how the situation arose in history. Some feared that this film would cause even more unrest within society, and others believed it would open the public's eyes to the unjust treatment of blacks by whites. Protests against the film continued until the day it was released. Because of its controversial status, the film was banned from some theaters.
571:
227:
436:. This film, released in 1919, met with critical and commercial success. It revolves around a man named Jean Baptiste, called the Homesteader, who falls in love with many white women but resists marrying one out of his loyalty to his race. Baptiste sacrifices love to be a key symbol for his fellow African Americans. He looks for love among his own people and marries an African-American woman. Relations between the couple deteriorate. Eventually, Baptiste is not allowed to see his wife. She kills her father for keeping them apart and commits
344:
6004:
2303:
2213:
33:
313:. This experience inspired his first novels and films. His neighbors on the frontier were predominately blue collar whites. "Some recall that rarely sat at a table with his blue collar white neighbors." Micheaux's years as a homesteader allowed him to learn more about human relations and farming. While farming, Micheaux wrote articles and submitted them to the press.
282:
were forced to return to the farm. The discontented
Micheaux became rebellious and his struggles caused problems within his family. His father was not happy with him and sent him away to do marketing in the city. Micheaux found pleasure in this job because he was able to speak to many new people and learned social skills that he would later reflect in his films.
416:. Many of his films were open, blunt and thought-provoking regarding certain racial issues of that time. He once commented: "It is only by presenting those portions of the race portrayed in my pictures, in the light and background of their true state, that we can raise our people to greater heights." Financial hardships during the
302:
contacts and knowledge about the world through traveling as well as a greater understanding for business. When he left the position, he had seen much of the United States, had a couple of thousand dollars saved in his bank account, and had made a number of connections with wealthy white people who helped his future endeavors.
401:
75 to $ 100 a share. Micheaux hired actors and actresses and decided to have the premiere in
Chicago. The film and Micheaux received high praise from film critics. One article credited Micheaux with "a historic breakthrough, a creditable, dignified achievement". Some members of the Chicago clergy criticized the film as
536:
Micheaux's films were made during a time of great change in the
African-American community. His films featured contemporary black life. He dealt with racial relationships between blacks and whites, and the challenges for blacks when trying to achieve success in the larger society. His films were used
400:
as a feature film. Micheaux had a major career as a film producer and director: He produced more than 40 films, which drew audiences throughout the U.S. as well as internationally. Micheaux contacted wealthy academic connections from his earlier career as a porter, and sold stock for his company at $
602:
In South Dakota, Micheaux married Orlean McCracken. Her family proved to be complex and burdensome for
Micheaux. Unhappy with their living arrangements, Orlean felt that Micheaux did not pay enough attention to her. She gave birth while he was away on business, and was reported to have emptied their
362:
is named Oscar
Devereaux. His theme was about African Americans realizing their potential and succeeding in areas where they had not felt they could. The book outlines the difference between city lifestyles of Negroes and the life he decided to lead as a lone Negro out on the far West as a pioneer.
807:
for its "Black
Monuments Project", which named Oscar Micheaux as one of its 50 African Americans deserving of a statue. He said Micheaux embodied "the best of what we all are as Americans" and that the filmmaker was "an inspiration". A historical marker in Roanoke, Virginia, commemorates his time
296:
After being "swindled out of two dollars" by an employment agency, Micheaux decided to become his own boss. His first business was a shoeshine stand, which he set up at a wealthy
African American barbershop, away from Chicago competition. He learned the basic strategies of business and started to
281:
In his later years, Micheaux wrote about the social oppression he experienced as a young boy. His parents moved to the city so that the children could receive a better education. Micheaux attended a well-established school for several years before the family eventually ran into money troubles and
540:
Micheaux sought to create films that would counter negative portrayals of
African Americans in films by white producers, which trafficked in degrading stereotypes. He created complex characters of different classes. His films questioned the value system of both African-American and Euro-American
556:
My results ... might have been narrow at times, due perhaps to certain limited situations, which I endeavored to portray, but in those limited situations, the truth was the predominant characteristic. It is only by presenting those portions of the race portrayed in my pictures, in the light and
482:
Sylvia is almost raped by the landowner's brother but discovers that he is her biological father. Micheaux always depicts
African Americans as being serious and reaching for higher education. Before the flashback scene, we see that Sylvia travels to Boston, seeking funding for her school, which
301:
on the major railroads, at that time considered prestigious employment for African Americans because it was relatively stable, well paid, and secure, and it enabled travel and interaction with new people. This job was an informal education for Micheaux. He profited financially, and also gained
486:
In the film, Micheaux depicts educated and professional people in black society as light-skinned, representing the elite status of some of the mixed-race people who comprised the majority of African Americans free before the Civil War. Poor people are represented as dark-skinned and with more
697:(1994) is a documentary whose title refers to the early 20th-century practice of some segregated cinemas of screening films for African-American audiences only at matinees and midnight. The documentary was produced by Pamela Thomas, directed by Pearl Bowser and Bestor Cram, and written by
537:
to oppose and discuss the racial injustice that African Americans received. Topics such as lynching, job discrimination, rape, mob violence, and economic exploitation were depicted in his films. These films also reflect his ideologies and autobiographical experiences.
358:, were printed. He published the book anonymously, for unknown reasons. He based it on his experiences as a homesteader and the failure of his first marriage and it was largely autobiographical. Although character names have been changed, the
1929:
228:
483:
serves black children. They are underserved by the segregated society. On her journey, she is hit by the car of a rich white woman. Learning about Landry's cause, the woman decides to give her school $ 50,000.
386:
into a new feature film, negotiations and paperwork became inharmonious. Micheaux wanted to be directly involved in the adaptation of his book as a movie, but Johnson resisted and never produced the film.
289:
to live with his older brother, then working as a waiter. Micheaux became dissatisfied with what he viewed as his brother's way of living "the good life". He rented his own place and found work in the
479:. When her father confronts their white landlord over money, a fight ensues. The landlord is shot by another white man, but Sylvia's adoptive father is accused and lynched with her adoptive mother.
2375:
603:
bank accounts and fled. Orlean's father sold Micheaux's property and took the money from the sale. After his return, Micheaux tried unsuccessfully to get Orlean and his property back. He married
549:
Critic Barbara Lupack described Micheaux as pursuing moderation with his films and creating a "middle-class cinema". His works were designed to appeal to both middle- and lower-class audiences.
262:, on January 2, 1884. He was the fifth child born to Calvin S. and Belle Michaux, who had a total of 13 children. In his later years, Micheaux added an "e" to his last name. His father was
2235:
1799:
795:
he was shocked that, in spite of Micheaux's historical significance, there was "virtually nothing out there about life". The film's executive producer, Frances Presley Rice, told the
1937:
335:
marketing his work. While in Sioux City, he lived in and was influenced by the West 7th Street neighborhood where the town's African-American community had a strong presence.
1332:
319:
published one of his earliest articles. His homestead failed and he was forced to sell it in 1911. The next year, he began his publishing career when Woodruff Press of
1059:
519:
1075:
4762:
1981:
6086:
2335:
6091:
234:; (January 2, 1884 – March 25, 1951) was an American author, film director and independent producer of more than 44 films. Although the short-lived
1446:
6126:
6116:
6096:
440:. Baptiste is accused of the crime, but is ultimately cleared. An old love helps him through his troubles. After he learns that she is a
1752:
6081:
1877:
1851:
6101:
6066:
246:, and has been described as "the most successful African-American filmmaker of the first half of the 20th century". He produced both
1593:
6111:
6056:
6041:
6036:
2407:
1340:
522:
that Micheaux was forced to make cuts to have it shown. He remade this story as a sound film in 1932, releasing it with the title
6046:
6131:
2318:
UC Berkeley: Moffitt Library: Media Resources Center: "Oscar Micheaux: A Bibliography of Materials in the UC Berkeley Library"
6061:
5620:
2125:
1661:
417:
6106:
6051:
6121:
2786:
2549:
947:
274:
refugees had settled in Virginia in 1700; their descendants took slaves west when they migrated into Kentucky after the
4822:
2034:
2013:
1824:
1733:
1181:
371:
5548:
2261:
2167:
2146:
2104:
2088:
1539:
1373:
729:
4774:
1903:
557:
background of their true state, that we can raise our people to greater heights. I am too imbued with the spirit of
6076:
158:
2557:
955:
782:
412:
In addition to writing and directing his own films, Micheaux also adapted the works of different writers for his
351:
Micheaux decided to concentrate on writing and, eventually, filmmaking, a new industry. He wrote seven novels.
5769:
5762:
5584:
668:
487:
undiluted African ancestry. Mixed-race people also feature as some of the villains. The film is set within the
375:
293:, which he found difficult. He moved from the stockyards to the steel mills, holding down many different jobs.
235:
5361:
459:, Micheaux said that he created it independently as a response to the widespread social instability following
238:
was the first movie company owned and controlled by black filmmakers, Micheaux is regarded as the first major
2573:
2453:
971:
848:
645:
4798:
2912:
2605:
2400:
1003:
306:
270:. Because of his surname, his father's family appears to have been enslaved by French-descended settlers.
5862:
5790:
4846:
4631:
2597:
2581:
2565:
1959:
995:
979:
963:
763:
757:
archived footage, photos, illustrations and vintage music. The film was announced by American radio host
749:
506:
409:
became known as Micheaux's breakout film; it helped him become widely known as a writer and a filmmaker.
5811:
5720:
2493:
2351:
888:
638:
631:
275:
2095:
Lupack, Barbara Tepa (2004), "Black Pioneer: Oscar Micheaux", in Mazur, Zygmunt; Utz, Richard (eds.),
4115:
3201:
2525:
2363:
920:
872:
710:
583:
85:
6136:
4736:
4282:
3674:
3583:
2751:
2743:
2541:
2243:
2239:
2223:
1155:
1147:
936:
801:
that Micheaux was the first "indie movie producer". In 2018, Mack was interviewed by the news site
500:
3375:
2083:
Howard, John R. (2009). Faces in the Mirror: Oscar Micheaux and Spike Lee. Fireside Publications.
1706:
5869:
5755:
4938:
4834:
3473:
2779:
2621:
2613:
2469:
2393:
1490:
1019:
1011:
864:
420:
eventually made it impossible for Micheaux to keep producing films, and he returned to writing.
5996:
5953:
5804:
4882:
4163:
3595:
3499:
3396:
2735:
2711:
2703:
2509:
2485:
1139:
1115:
1107:
1099:
904:
880:
719:
693:
624:
170:
5932:
5855:
5152:
4045:
3884:
3305:
3229:
3026:
2681:
2667:
2637:
2461:
2445:
1363:
1083:
1067:
1035:
856:
840:
682:
651:
455:
5089:
2005:
Oscar Micheaux and His Circle: African-American Filmmaking and Race Cinema of the Silent Era
6031:
6026:
5989:
5776:
5632:
4492:
2846:
1625:
769:
558:
315:
259:
66:
5075:
4527:
8:
6071:
5834:
5291:
5284:
4870:
4666:
4580:
4499:
4254:
4247:
4003:
3194:
2896:
2653:
1562:
1460:
1365:
Outside America: Race, Ethnicity, and the Role of the American West in National Belonging
1217:
1199:
1051:
941:
803:
791:
754:
715:
570:
515:
495:
175:
4858:
4122:
2231:
1430:
444:
and thus part-African, they marry. This film deals extensively with race relationships.
6007:
5818:
5713:
5670:
5608:
5596:
5512:
5187:
5145:
4743:
4478:
4296:
3835:
3821:
3716:
3571:
3547:
3431:
3017:
2772:
2645:
2589:
2501:
2477:
2072:
1852:"Black side of silver screen: Filmmaker Oscar Micheaux paved his own path to Hollywood"
1043:
987:
896:
664:
658:
591:
575:
524:
5536:
5444:
5298:
5741:
5644:
5381:
5333:
5305:
5212:
5173:
5138:
4968:
4436:
4408:
4268:
3961:
3877:
3779:
3744:
3511:
3291:
3257:
2719:
2312:
2279:
2190:
2173:
2163:
2142:
2121:
2100:
2084:
2040:
2030:
2009:
1757:
1691:
1657:
1597:
1535:
1369:
1295:
1277:
1259:
1241:
1223:
1205:
1187:
1177:
1123:
744:
686:
675:
320:
290:
286:
5047:
3138:
1707:"See the 25 New Additions to the National Film Registry, From Purple Rain to Clerks"
5974:
5967:
5706:
5486:
5395:
5388:
5319:
5221:
5131:
4984:
4894:
4786:
4680:
4673:
4506:
4331:
4289:
4108:
4024:
3919:
3828:
3688:
3660:
3275:
3145:
3110:
3103:
3068:
2983:
2876:
2689:
2437:
2385:
2379:
2317:
2288:
2064:
1091:
832:
767:, as part of a "Little Known Black History Fact" on Micheaux. In an interview with
753:, a documentary film chronicling the early life and career of Oscar Micheaux using
604:
449:
332:
239:
202:
196:
127:
5180:
5082:
3926:
3912:
3905:
3730:
3089:
343:
5960:
5911:
5897:
5890:
5451:
5354:
5166:
5159:
5061:
5033:
5005:
4957:
4810:
4729:
4701:
4596:
4520:
4471:
4359:
4324:
4212:
4205:
4149:
4101:
4010:
3898:
3751:
3723:
3523:
3445:
3438:
3417:
3354:
3312:
3222:
3215:
3173:
3117:
3008:
2429:
2331:
2157:
2136:
2115:
2024:
2003:
1686:
1529:
1289:
1271:
1253:
1235:
1171:
824:
617:
561:
to engraft false virtues upon ourselves, to make ourselves that which we are not.
413:
396:
271:
4603:
4422:
4198:
3702:
3054:
2275:
5918:
5848:
5841:
5783:
5727:
5697:
5560:
5472:
5402:
5347:
5326:
5249:
5242:
5235:
5096:
5054:
5040:
5026:
4977:
4722:
4715:
4694:
4687:
4638:
4617:
4610:
4373:
4184:
4177:
4156:
4140:
4073:
4059:
3947:
3786:
3765:
3758:
3681:
3667:
3653:
3535:
3403:
3284:
3264:
3243:
3180:
3040:
2810:
2629:
2533:
2517:
2138:
Oscar Micheaux, the Great and Only: The Life of America's First Black Filmmaker
1313:
1027:
928:
912:
298:
4534:
4191:
3856:
3466:
3347:
2345:
1878:"Love of history spurred rap mogul Bayer L. Mack to make Micheaux documentary"
6020:
5939:
5904:
5797:
5479:
5423:
5409:
5256:
5117:
5019:
5012:
4998:
4708:
4589:
4457:
4352:
4310:
4261:
4094:
4087:
4052:
4017:
3968:
3940:
3863:
3459:
3389:
3361:
3333:
3236:
3152:
3096:
3082:
3075:
3061:
2969:
2949:
2867:
2839:
2044:
1299:
1281:
1191:
587:
310:
4219:
3124:
2887:
2194:
2177:
1800:"New Documentary Underway on America's First Black Filmmaker Oscar Micheaux"
1433:
Oscar Micheaux – A Biography: Dakota Homesteader, Author, Pioneer Film Maker
1227:
689:, created a category for donors, the Micheaux Society, in honor of Micheaux.
5734:
5572:
5465:
5437:
5372:
5340:
5312:
5277:
5270:
5263:
5228:
5194:
5110:
5068:
4926:
4915:
4905:
4652:
4624:
4562:
4555:
4541:
4513:
4485:
4450:
4443:
4415:
4401:
4387:
4366:
4275:
4233:
4226:
4066:
4038:
3989:
3975:
3849:
3814:
3709:
3695:
3632:
3559:
3452:
3410:
3208:
3033:
2159:
Oscar Micheaux: Dakota Homesteader, Author, Pioneer Film Maker: a Biography
1263:
1209:
797:
698:
488:
476:
472:
453:, produced in 1920. Although sometimes considered his response to the film
263:
247:
3954:
2356:
1245:
594:, the home of his youth. His gravestone reads: "A man ahead of his time".
475:. In a flashback, Sylvia is shown growing up as the adopted daughter of a
5946:
5827:
5686:
5677:
5493:
5416:
4464:
4429:
4345:
4338:
4080:
3982:
3870:
3800:
3737:
3614:
3480:
3340:
3298:
3250:
3187:
3166:
3159:
3131:
3047:
2990:
2830:
460:
379:
359:
2117:
Literary Adaptations in Black American Cinema: From Micheaux to Morrison
5876:
5430:
5201:
5124:
5103:
4991:
4659:
4645:
4394:
4380:
4317:
4240:
4129:
3996:
3933:
3793:
3623:
3424:
3382:
3319:
2976:
2727:
2308:
2076:
2052:
1773:
1131:
774:
758:
541:
societies, which stirred controversy with the press and state censors.
511:
468:
391:
5925:
5883:
5748:
5458:
4548:
4303:
4170:
3891:
3842:
3807:
3368:
2795:
2322:
1930:"Boca Black Film Festival aims to feature Florida's homegrown talent"
1630:
243:
2293:
2068:
331:, and from 1914 to 1918 traveled among Lincoln, Gregory County, and
3772:
3639:
2997:
2958:
2942:
2928:
2819:
2297:
2242:
external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into
2099:, Cracow, Poland: Jagiellonian University Press, pp. 125–137,
722:
for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
267:
657:
In 2001, Oscar Micheaux Golden Anniversary Festival (March 24–25)
390:
Instead, Micheaux founded the Micheaux Film & Book Company of
5524:
4569:
4031:
3646:
2935:
2919:
2905:
441:
437:
32:
2376:
United States Postal Service: Oscar Micheaux commemorative stamp
528:. The silent version of the film is believed to have been lost.
2853:
2369:
1753:"Academy Museum surpasses the Oscars version of film history"
1333:"The Lincoln Motion Picture Company a First for Black Cinema"
402:
2764:
2097:
Homo narrans: texts and essays in honor of Jerome Klinkowitz
694:
Midnight Ramble: Oscar Micheaux and the Story of Race Movies
3326:
2860:
2002:
Bowser, Pearl; Gaines, Jane; Musser, Charles, eds. (2001).
1654:
100 Greatest African Americans: A Biographical Encyclopedia
607:
in 1926. Oscar and Alice remained married until his death.
217:
214:
620:
continues to honor his work and educate about his legacy.
208:
1204:. Lincoln, Nebraska: Western Book Supply Company. 1915.
725:
The Oscar Micheaux Award for excellence was established.
578:
being decorated during the 2005 Oscar Micheaux festival.
1567:
Homestead to Lynch Mob: Portrayals of Black Masculinity
1222:. Sioux City, Iowa: Western Book Supply Company. 1917.
2347:"Within Our Gates (1920) – Oscar Micheaux Silent Film"
1904:"New Documentary About Black Filmmaker Oscar Micheaux"
370:, dedicated to his mother, attracted the attention of
678:
issued a 44-cent, Oscar Micheaux commemorative stamp.
634:
honored Micheaux with a Golden Jubilee Special Award.
467:
revolved around the main character, Sylvia Landry, a
16:
Writer and African-American film director (1884–1951)
2415:
789:
because Micheaux's life mirrored his own. Mack told
4763:
A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte
1563:"The Journal for MultiMedia History Volume 3~ 2000"
808:living and working in the city as a film producer.
518:, created so much controversy when reviewed by the
211:
205:
2055:(Summer 1991). "Micheaux: Celebrating Blackness".
2008:. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press.
2001:
983:(1927), adapted from novel by Charles W. Chesnutt
590:, aged 67. He is buried in Great Bend Cemetery in
2226:may not follow Knowledge's policies or guidelines
1825:"Little Known Black History Fact: Oscar Micheaux"
623:1987, Micheaux was recognized with a star on the
498:, which he released under their original titles:
6018:
1797:
1368:. University Press of New England. p. 53.
510:(1927). The latter, which dealt with issues of
2366:(features clips from some of Micheaux's films)
2155:
736:
2780:
2401:
1960:"The Black Monuments Project: Oscar Micheaux"
1531:Literary Adaptations in Black American Cinema
654:holds an annual Oscar Micheaux Film Festival.
5695:
5684:
2885:
2874:
2828:
2817:
2187:Who's Who in Colored America: 1930-1931-1932
2120:. Rochester: University of Rochester Press.
285:When Micheaux was 17 years old, he moved to
2956:
2372:(recorded an album of songs about Micheaux)
2026:Straight Lick: The Cinema of Oscar Micheaux
1771:
1176:. Lincoln, Nebraska: Woodruff Press. 1913.
253:
242:feature filmmaker, a prominent producer of
2787:
2773:
2408:
2394:
2134:
1173:The Conquest: The Story of a Negro Pioneer
394:; its first project was the production of
356:The Conquest: The Story of a Negro Pioneer
338:
142: 1926–1951)
31:
6087:20th-century American short story writers
2262:Learn how and when to remove this message
1875:
1849:
1731:
1687:"Taubman Museum reduces its annual rates"
1619:
1617:
1615:
1426:
1424:
1422:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1414:
1412:
354:In 1913, 1,000 copies of his first book,
6092:People from Gregory County, South Dakota
1523:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1394:
1392:
569:
342:
1676:World Stamp News www.worldstampnews.com
1294:. New York: Book Supply Company. 1947.
1276:. New York: Book Supply Company. 1946.
1258:. New York: Book Supply Company. 1944.
1240:. New York: Book Supply Company. 1941.
732:has an exhibition devoted to his works.
667:included Oscar Micheaux on his list of
309:, where he bought land and worked as a
6019:
2184:
2113:
2094:
1927:
1798:Movies News Desk (February 12, 2014).
1732:Zimmerman, Eilene (October 20, 2021).
1651:
1623:
1612:
1527:
761:on his nationally syndicated program,
6127:20th-century African-American writers
5621:Six Characters in Search of an Author
2768:
2389:
2051:
2022:
1901:
1750:
1705:Chow, Andrew R. (December 11, 2019).
1508:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1389:
701:. It was first aired on the PBS show
2206:
2156:VanEpps-Taylor, Betti Carol (1999).
2029:. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana UP.
1876:Wetzstein, Cheryl (April 30, 2014).
1850:Wetzstein, Cheryl (April 30, 2014).
1774:"The Czar of Black Hollywood (2014)"
1751:Chang, Justin (September 21, 2021).
1704:
1698:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1361:
641:created an annual award in his name.
610:
582:Micheaux died on March 25, 1951, in
6117:20th-century American screenwriters
2336:"Black Cinema: Micheaux Must Go On"
13:
6097:20th-century American male writers
4823:Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2
2370:Stace England & The Salt Kings
1995:
1982:"Oscar Micheaux Historical Marker"
1478:
1447:"Patent Details - BLM GLO Records"
779:Oscar Micheaux: The Great and Only
447:Micheaux's second silent film was
432:was adapted to film and re-titled
327:. He began work on a second book,
14:
6148:
6082:American male short story writers
2202:
1772:Paul Day II (December 24, 2014).
1656:. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
1624:Ravage, John W. (March 3, 2007).
1581:
1461:""Oscar Micheaux biography", Bio"
730:Academy Museum of Motion Pictures
471:school teacher played by actress
159:Directors Guild of America Awards
121: 1910, divorced)
6102:Film directors from South Dakota
6067:People from Metropolis, Illinois
6003:
6002:
2301:
2285:Works by or about Oscar Micheaux
2211:
1685:Allen, Mike (February 21, 2011)
777:said he read the 2007 biography
597:
382:. After Johnson offered to make
201:
6112:Screenwriters from South Dakota
6057:American film studio executives
6042:African-American film directors
6037:20th-century American novelists
2162:. Rapid City, SD: Dakota West.
2057:Black American Literature Forum
1974:
1952:
1921:
1895:
1869:
1843:
1817:
1791:
1765:
1744:
1734:"Capturing the Magic of Movies"
1725:
1679:
1670:
1645:
258:Micheaux was born on a farm in
139:
118:
6047:African-American screenwriters
5770:Grosvenor School of Modern Art
5763:Fourth dimension in literature
1928:Geggis, Anne (July 10, 2014).
1902:Kelly, Kate (August 4, 2014).
1695:. Retrieved February 21, 2011.
1555:
1534:. University Rochester Press.
1453:
1439:
1355:
1339:. May 24, 2005. Archived from
1325:
1291:Masquerade, a Historical Novel
1273:The Story of Dorothy Stanfield
940:(1926), adapted from novel by
816:
705:in 1994, and released in 2004.
669:100 Greatest African Americans
616:The Oscar Micheaux Society at
494:Micheaux adapted two works by
376:Lincoln Motion Picture Company
236:Lincoln Motion Picture Company
1:
6132:African-American male writers
2794:
2454:The Symbol of the Unconquered
2325:Oscar Micheaux: Pioneer Negro
2114:Lupack, Barbara Tepa (2002).
1528:Lupack, Barbara Tepa (2002).
1319:
849:The Symbol of the Unconquered
646:Black Filmmakers Hall of Fame
38:
6062:Film directors from Illinois
2135:McGilligan, Patrick (2007).
1652:Asante, Molefi Kete (2002).
1431:Betti Carol VanEpps-Taylor,
785:and was inspired to produce
745:Block Starz Music Television
648:gave him a posthumous award.
307:Gregory County, South Dakota
166:Golden Jubilee Special Award
7:
6107:Screenwriters from Illinois
6052:American male screenwriters
5863:List of avant-garde artists
4847:The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari
2582:The House Behind the Cedars
2300:(public domain audiobooks)
2141:. New York: HarperCollins.
1307:
980:The House Behind the Cedars
787:The Czar of Black Hollywood
764:The Tom Joyner Morning Show
750:The Czar of Black Hollywood
738:The Czar of Black Hollywood
574:Grave of Oscar Micheaux in
507:The House Behind the Cedars
10:
6153:
6122:African-American novelists
5721:Classical Hollywood cinema
2494:The Virgin of the Seminole
1934:tribunedigital-sunsentinel
889:The Virgin of the Seminole
639:Producers Guild of America
632:Directors Guild of America
276:American Revolutionary War
5984:
5662:
5503:
5371:
5211:
4967:
4956:
4799:Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
4753:
4579:
4139:
3622:
3613:
3490:
3274:
3016:
3007:
2802:
2424:
1594:""Oscar Micheaux' grave""
1337:African American Registry
708:In 2019, Micheaux's film
584:Charlotte, North Carolina
531:
150:
101:
93:
86:Charlotte, North Carolina
74:
48:
30:
23:
3584:The Master and Margarita
2744:The Notorious Elinor Lee
2023:Green, Ronald J (2000).
1495:Sioux City Public Museum
1255:The Case of Mrs. Wingate
1219:The Homesteader: A Novel
1164:
1148:The Notorious Elinor Lee
811:
718:for preservation in the
565:
544:
423:
297:save money. He became a
254:Early life and education
191:Oscar Devereaux Micheaux
53:Oscar Devereaux Micheaux
6077:American male novelists
5870:List of modernist poets
5756:Fourth dimension in art
4939:Meshes of the Afternoon
2622:A Daughter of the Congo
2294:Works by Oscar Micheaux
2276:Works by Oscar Micheaux
2189:. Brooklyn: T. Yenser.
2185:Yenser, Thomas (1933).
1020:A Daughter of the Congo
703:The American Experience
428:Micheaux's first novel
339:Writing and film career
5954:Second Viennese School
5696:
5685:
3596:The Sound and the Fury
3500:In Search of Lost Time
2957:
2886:
2875:
2829:
2818:
720:National Film Registry
674:On June 22, 2010, the
625:Hollywood Walk of Fame
579:
563:
520:Film Board of Virginia
348:
171:Hollywood Walk of Fame
5933:Reactionary modernism
5856:List of art movements
2682:Harlem After Midnight
2668:The Girl from Chicago
2462:The Gunsaulus Mystery
1940:on September 28, 2015
1237:The Wind from Nowhere
1084:Harlem After Midnight
1068:The Girl from Chicago
857:The Gunsaulus Mystery
683:Taubman Museum of Art
652:Gregory, South Dakota
573:
554:
456:The Birth of a Nation
374:, the manager of the
346:
5777:Hanshinkan Modernism
5633:The Threepenny Opera
5549:Pelléas et Mélisande
2550:The Devil's Disciple
2323:J.D. Walker, Ph.D.:
2232:improve this article
1882:The Washington Times
1436:, Dakota West, 1999.
948:The Devil's Disciple
770:The Washington Times
714:was selected by the
559:Booker T. Washington
316:The Chicago Defender
260:Metropolis, Illinois
67:Metropolis, Illinois
5835:International Style
5585:Afternoon of a Faun
4871:Battleship Potemkin
4775:Mont Sainte-Victoir
2712:God's Step Children
2654:Ten Minutes to Live
2486:Uncle Jasper's Will
2244:footnote references
1908:The Huffington Post
1831:. February 13, 2014
1116:God's Step Children
1052:Ten Minutes to Live
942:Charles W. Chesnutt
881:Uncle Jasper's Will
792:The Huffington Post
755:Library of Congress
716:Library of Congress
496:Charles W. Chesnutt
366:In 1918, his novel
180:Hollywood Boulevard
5714:Buddhist modernism
5671:American modernism
5597:The Rite of Spring
3572:The Sun Also Rises
3548:The Magic Mountain
2675:Phantom of Kenwood
2646:Veiled Aristocrats
2590:Thirty Years Later
2416:Films directed by
2378:(page archived at
1738:The New York Times
1600:on August 27, 2013
1362:Moos, Dan (2005).
1076:Phantom of Kenwood
1044:Veiled Aristocrats
988:Thirty Years Later
783:Patrick McGilligan
665:Molefi Kete Asante
659:Great Bend, Kansas
592:Great Bend, Kansas
580:
525:Veiled Aristocrats
349:
305:Micheaux moved to
6014:
6013:
5742:Experimental film
5658:
5657:
5645:Waiting for Godot
4952:
4951:
3609:
3608:
3512:The Metamorphosis
2762:
2761:
2574:The Broken Violin
2542:The Conjure Woman
2280:Project Gutenberg
2272:
2271:
2264:
2127:978-1-58046-103-0
1829:Black America Web
1804:broadwayworld.com
1758:Los Angeles Times
1692:The Roanoke Times
1663:978-1-57392-963-9
1626:"Micheaux, Oscar"
1491:"Micheaux, Oscar"
972:The Broken Violin
937:The Conjure Woman
687:Roanoke, Virginia
676:US Postal Service
663:In 2002, scholar
611:Legacy and honors
501:The Conjure Woman
321:Lincoln, Nebraska
264:born into slavery
250:and sound films.
188:
187:
6144:
6006:
6005:
5977:
5975:Vulgar modernism
5970:
5968:Underground film
5963:
5956:
5949:
5942:
5935:
5928:
5921:
5914:
5907:
5900:
5893:
5886:
5879:
5872:
5865:
5858:
5851:
5844:
5837:
5830:
5821:
5814:
5807:
5800:
5793:
5791:Hippie modernism
5786:
5779:
5772:
5765:
5758:
5751:
5744:
5737:
5730:
5723:
5716:
5709:
5707:Bloomsbury Group
5702:
5701:
5691:
5690:
5680:
5673:
5651:
5650:
5639:
5638:
5627:
5626:
5615:
5614:
5603:
5602:
5591:
5590:
5579:
5578:
5567:
5566:
5555:
5554:
5543:
5542:
5531:
5530:
5519:
5518:
5496:
5489:
5482:
5475:
5468:
5461:
5454:
5447:
5440:
5433:
5426:
5419:
5412:
5405:
5398:
5391:
5384:
5364:
5357:
5350:
5343:
5336:
5329:
5322:
5315:
5308:
5301:
5294:
5287:
5280:
5273:
5266:
5259:
5252:
5245:
5238:
5231:
5224:
5204:
5197:
5190:
5183:
5176:
5169:
5162:
5155:
5148:
5141:
5134:
5127:
5120:
5113:
5106:
5099:
5092:
5085:
5078:
5071:
5064:
5057:
5050:
5043:
5036:
5029:
5022:
5015:
5008:
5001:
4994:
4987:
4980:
4965:
4964:
4945:
4944:
4933:
4932:
4921:
4920:
4911:
4910:
4901:
4900:
4895:Un Chien Andalou
4889:
4888:
4877:
4876:
4865:
4864:
4859:Ballet Mécanique
4853:
4852:
4841:
4840:
4829:
4828:
4817:
4816:
4805:
4804:
4793:
4792:
4787:The Starry Night
4781:
4780:
4769:
4768:
4746:
4739:
4732:
4725:
4718:
4711:
4704:
4697:
4690:
4683:
4676:
4669:
4662:
4655:
4648:
4641:
4634:
4627:
4620:
4613:
4606:
4599:
4592:
4572:
4565:
4558:
4551:
4544:
4537:
4530:
4523:
4516:
4509:
4502:
4495:
4488:
4481:
4474:
4467:
4460:
4453:
4446:
4439:
4432:
4425:
4418:
4411:
4404:
4397:
4390:
4383:
4376:
4369:
4362:
4355:
4348:
4341:
4334:
4327:
4320:
4313:
4306:
4299:
4292:
4285:
4278:
4271:
4264:
4257:
4250:
4243:
4236:
4229:
4222:
4215:
4208:
4201:
4194:
4187:
4180:
4173:
4166:
4159:
4152:
4132:
4125:
4118:
4116:Toulouse-Lautrec
4111:
4104:
4097:
4090:
4083:
4076:
4069:
4062:
4055:
4048:
4041:
4034:
4027:
4020:
4013:
4006:
3999:
3992:
3985:
3978:
3971:
3964:
3957:
3950:
3943:
3936:
3929:
3922:
3915:
3908:
3901:
3894:
3887:
3880:
3873:
3866:
3859:
3852:
3845:
3838:
3831:
3824:
3817:
3810:
3803:
3796:
3789:
3782:
3775:
3768:
3761:
3754:
3747:
3740:
3733:
3726:
3719:
3712:
3705:
3698:
3691:
3684:
3677:
3670:
3663:
3656:
3649:
3642:
3635:
3620:
3619:
3602:
3601:
3590:
3589:
3578:
3577:
3566:
3565:
3554:
3553:
3542:
3541:
3530:
3529:
3518:
3517:
3506:
3505:
3483:
3476:
3469:
3462:
3455:
3448:
3441:
3434:
3427:
3420:
3413:
3406:
3399:
3392:
3385:
3378:
3371:
3364:
3357:
3350:
3343:
3336:
3329:
3322:
3315:
3308:
3301:
3294:
3287:
3267:
3260:
3253:
3246:
3239:
3232:
3225:
3218:
3211:
3204:
3197:
3190:
3183:
3176:
3169:
3162:
3155:
3148:
3141:
3134:
3127:
3120:
3113:
3106:
3099:
3092:
3085:
3078:
3071:
3064:
3057:
3050:
3043:
3036:
3029:
3014:
3013:
3000:
2993:
2986:
2979:
2972:
2963:
2962:
2952:
2945:
2938:
2931:
2922:
2915:
2908:
2899:
2892:
2891:
2881:
2880:
2877:Der Blaue Reiter
2870:
2863:
2856:
2849:
2842:
2835:
2834:
2824:
2823:
2813:
2789:
2782:
2775:
2766:
2765:
2690:Murder in Harlem
2606:The Wages of Sin
2558:The Spider's Web
2438:Within Our Gates
2410:
2403:
2396:
2387:
2386:
2380:Internet Archive
2359:
2348:
2305:
2304:
2289:Internet Archive
2267:
2260:
2256:
2253:
2247:
2215:
2214:
2207:
2198:
2181:
2152:
2131:
2110:
2080:
2048:
2019:
1990:
1989:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1956:
1950:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1936:. Archived from
1925:
1919:
1918:
1916:
1914:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1856:Washington Times
1847:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1810:
1795:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1748:
1742:
1741:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1702:
1696:
1683:
1677:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1621:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1596:. Archived from
1590:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1525:
1506:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1487:
1476:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1457:
1451:
1450:
1443:
1437:
1428:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1348:
1329:
1303:
1285:
1267:
1249:
1231:
1213:
1195:
1092:Murder in Harlem
1004:The Wages of Sin
956:The Spider's Web
833:Within Our Gates
605:Alice B. Russell
465:Within Our Gates
450:Within Our Gates
418:Great Depression
347:Micheaux in 1919
333:Sioux City, Iowa
240:African-American
233:
232:
231:
230:
223:
220:
219:
216:
213:
210:
207:
200:
179:
165:
143:
141:
128:Alice B. Russell
122:
120:
108:Orlean McCracken
97:Director, author
81:
62:
60:
43:
40:
35:
21:
20:
6152:
6151:
6147:
6146:
6145:
6143:
6142:
6141:
6137:Cinema pioneers
6017:
6016:
6015:
6010:
6001:
5993:
5980:
5973:
5966:
5961:Structural film
5959:
5952:
5945:
5938:
5931:
5924:
5917:
5912:New Objectivity
5910:
5903:
5898:Neo-romanticism
5896:
5891:Neo-primitivism
5889:
5882:
5875:
5868:
5861:
5854:
5847:
5840:
5833:
5826:
5817:
5810:
5803:
5796:
5789:
5782:
5775:
5768:
5761:
5754:
5747:
5740:
5733:
5726:
5719:
5712:
5705:
5694:
5683:
5676:
5669:
5654:
5648:
5642:
5636:
5630:
5624:
5618:
5612:
5606:
5600:
5594:
5588:
5582:
5576:
5570:
5564:
5558:
5552:
5546:
5540:
5537:Verklärte Nacht
5534:
5528:
5522:
5516:
5510:
5499:
5492:
5485:
5478:
5471:
5464:
5457:
5450:
5443:
5436:
5429:
5422:
5415:
5408:
5401:
5394:
5387:
5380:
5367:
5360:
5353:
5346:
5339:
5332:
5325:
5318:
5311:
5304:
5297:
5290:
5283:
5276:
5269:
5262:
5255:
5248:
5241:
5234:
5227:
5220:
5207:
5200:
5193:
5186:
5179:
5172:
5165:
5158:
5151:
5144:
5137:
5130:
5123:
5116:
5109:
5102:
5095:
5088:
5081:
5074:
5067:
5060:
5053:
5046:
5039:
5032:
5025:
5018:
5011:
5004:
4997:
4990:
4983:
4976:
4959:
4948:
4942:
4936:
4930:
4924:
4918:
4914:
4908:
4904:
4898:
4892:
4886:
4880:
4874:
4868:
4862:
4856:
4850:
4844:
4838:
4832:
4826:
4820:
4814:
4808:
4802:
4796:
4790:
4784:
4778:
4772:
4766:
4760:
4749:
4742:
4735:
4728:
4721:
4714:
4707:
4700:
4693:
4686:
4679:
4672:
4665:
4658:
4651:
4644:
4637:
4630:
4623:
4616:
4609:
4602:
4595:
4588:
4575:
4568:
4561:
4554:
4547:
4540:
4533:
4526:
4519:
4512:
4505:
4498:
4491:
4484:
4477:
4470:
4463:
4456:
4449:
4442:
4435:
4428:
4421:
4414:
4407:
4400:
4393:
4386:
4379:
4372:
4365:
4358:
4351:
4344:
4337:
4330:
4323:
4316:
4309:
4302:
4295:
4288:
4281:
4274:
4267:
4260:
4253:
4246:
4239:
4232:
4225:
4218:
4211:
4204:
4197:
4190:
4183:
4176:
4169:
4162:
4155:
4148:
4135:
4128:
4121:
4114:
4107:
4100:
4093:
4086:
4079:
4072:
4065:
4058:
4051:
4044:
4037:
4030:
4023:
4016:
4009:
4002:
3995:
3988:
3981:
3974:
3967:
3960:
3953:
3946:
3939:
3932:
3925:
3918:
3911:
3904:
3897:
3890:
3883:
3876:
3869:
3862:
3855:
3848:
3841:
3834:
3827:
3820:
3813:
3806:
3799:
3792:
3785:
3778:
3771:
3764:
3757:
3750:
3743:
3736:
3729:
3722:
3715:
3708:
3701:
3694:
3687:
3680:
3673:
3666:
3659:
3652:
3645:
3638:
3631:
3605:
3599:
3593:
3587:
3581:
3575:
3569:
3563:
3557:
3551:
3545:
3539:
3533:
3527:
3521:
3515:
3509:
3503:
3497:
3486:
3479:
3472:
3465:
3458:
3451:
3444:
3437:
3430:
3423:
3416:
3409:
3402:
3395:
3390:Lowell (Robert)
3388:
3381:
3374:
3367:
3360:
3353:
3346:
3339:
3332:
3325:
3318:
3311:
3304:
3297:
3290:
3283:
3270:
3263:
3256:
3249:
3242:
3235:
3228:
3221:
3214:
3207:
3200:
3193:
3186:
3179:
3172:
3165:
3158:
3151:
3144:
3137:
3130:
3123:
3116:
3109:
3102:
3095:
3088:
3081:
3074:
3067:
3060:
3053:
3046:
3039:
3032:
3025:
3003:
2996:
2989:
2982:
2975:
2968:
2955:
2948:
2941:
2934:
2927:
2918:
2911:
2904:
2895:
2884:
2873:
2866:
2859:
2852:
2845:
2838:
2827:
2816:
2809:
2798:
2793:
2763:
2758:
2598:When Men Betray
2566:The Millionaire
2430:The Homesteader
2420:
2414:
2357:
2346:
2342:, May. 13, 2002
2332:Richard Corliss
2302:
2268:
2257:
2251:
2248:
2229:
2220:This article's
2216:
2212:
2205:
2170:
2149:
2128:
2107:
2069:10.2307/3041692
2037:
2016:
1998:
1996:Further reading
1993:
1980:
1979:
1975:
1965:
1963:
1958:
1957:
1953:
1943:
1941:
1926:
1922:
1912:
1910:
1900:
1896:
1886:
1884:
1874:
1870:
1860:
1858:
1848:
1844:
1834:
1832:
1823:
1822:
1818:
1808:
1806:
1796:
1792:
1782:
1780:
1770:
1766:
1749:
1745:
1730:
1726:
1716:
1714:
1703:
1699:
1684:
1680:
1675:
1671:
1664:
1650:
1646:
1636:
1634:
1622:
1613:
1603:
1601:
1592:
1591:
1582:
1572:
1570:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1526:
1509:
1499:
1497:
1489:
1488:
1479:
1469:
1467:
1459:
1458:
1454:
1445:
1444:
1440:
1429:
1390:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1360:
1356:
1346:
1344:
1343:on May 19, 2016
1331:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1310:
1288:
1270:
1252:
1234:
1216:
1201:The Forged Note
1198:
1184:
1170:
1167:
1162:
996:When Men Betray
964:The Millionaire
825:The Homesteader
819:
814:
741:
618:Duke University
613:
600:
568:
552:Micheaux said,
547:
534:
434:The Homesteader
426:
414:silent pictures
407:The Homesteader
397:The Homesteader
384:The Homesteader
368:The Homesteader
341:
329:The Forged Note
272:French Huguenot
256:
226:
225:
204:
195:
194:
184:
177:
163:
146:
145:
137:
133:
130:
124:
116:
112:
109:
89:
83:
79:
70:
64:
63:January 2, 1884
58:
56:
55:
54:
44:
41:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6150:
6140:
6139:
6134:
6129:
6124:
6119:
6114:
6109:
6104:
6099:
6094:
6089:
6084:
6079:
6074:
6069:
6064:
6059:
6054:
6049:
6044:
6039:
6034:
6029:
6012:
6011:
5994:
5986:
5985:
5982:
5981:
5979:
5978:
5971:
5964:
5957:
5950:
5943:
5936:
5929:
5922:
5919:Poetic realism
5915:
5908:
5901:
5894:
5887:
5880:
5873:
5866:
5859:
5852:
5849:Late modernity
5845:
5842:Late modernism
5838:
5831:
5824:
5823:
5822:
5815:
5808:
5794:
5787:
5784:High modernism
5780:
5773:
5766:
5759:
5752:
5745:
5738:
5731:
5728:Degenerate art
5724:
5717:
5710:
5703:
5698:Ballets Russes
5692:
5681:
5674:
5666:
5664:
5660:
5659:
5656:
5655:
5653:
5652:
5640:
5628:
5616:
5604:
5592:
5580:
5568:
5556:
5544:
5532:
5520:
5507:
5505:
5501:
5500:
5498:
5497:
5490:
5483:
5476:
5469:
5462:
5455:
5448:
5441:
5434:
5427:
5420:
5413:
5406:
5399:
5392:
5385:
5377:
5375:
5369:
5368:
5366:
5365:
5358:
5351:
5344:
5337:
5330:
5323:
5316:
5309:
5302:
5295:
5288:
5281:
5274:
5267:
5260:
5253:
5246:
5239:
5232:
5225:
5217:
5215:
5209:
5208:
5206:
5205:
5198:
5191:
5184:
5177:
5170:
5163:
5156:
5149:
5142:
5135:
5128:
5121:
5114:
5107:
5100:
5093:
5086:
5079:
5072:
5065:
5058:
5051:
5044:
5037:
5030:
5023:
5016:
5009:
5002:
4995:
4988:
4981:
4973:
4971:
4962:
4954:
4953:
4950:
4949:
4947:
4946:
4934:
4922:
4912:
4902:
4890:
4878:
4866:
4854:
4842:
4830:
4818:
4806:
4794:
4782:
4770:
4757:
4755:
4751:
4750:
4748:
4747:
4740:
4733:
4726:
4719:
4712:
4705:
4698:
4691:
4684:
4677:
4670:
4663:
4656:
4649:
4642:
4635:
4628:
4621:
4614:
4607:
4600:
4593:
4585:
4583:
4577:
4576:
4574:
4573:
4566:
4559:
4552:
4545:
4538:
4531:
4524:
4517:
4510:
4503:
4496:
4489:
4482:
4475:
4468:
4461:
4454:
4451:Ray (Satyajit)
4447:
4444:Ray (Nicholas)
4440:
4433:
4426:
4419:
4412:
4405:
4398:
4391:
4384:
4377:
4370:
4363:
4356:
4349:
4342:
4335:
4328:
4321:
4314:
4307:
4300:
4293:
4286:
4279:
4272:
4265:
4258:
4251:
4244:
4237:
4230:
4223:
4216:
4209:
4202:
4195:
4188:
4181:
4174:
4167:
4160:
4153:
4145:
4143:
4137:
4136:
4134:
4133:
4126:
4119:
4112:
4105:
4098:
4091:
4084:
4077:
4070:
4063:
4056:
4049:
4042:
4035:
4028:
4021:
4014:
4007:
4000:
3993:
3986:
3979:
3972:
3965:
3958:
3951:
3944:
3937:
3930:
3923:
3916:
3909:
3902:
3895:
3888:
3881:
3874:
3867:
3860:
3853:
3846:
3839:
3832:
3825:
3818:
3811:
3804:
3797:
3790:
3783:
3776:
3769:
3762:
3755:
3748:
3741:
3734:
3727:
3720:
3713:
3706:
3699:
3692:
3685:
3678:
3671:
3664:
3657:
3650:
3643:
3636:
3628:
3626:
3617:
3611:
3610:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3603:
3591:
3579:
3567:
3555:
3543:
3536:The Waste Land
3531:
3519:
3507:
3494:
3492:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3477:
3470:
3463:
3456:
3449:
3442:
3435:
3428:
3421:
3414:
3407:
3400:
3393:
3386:
3379:
3372:
3365:
3358:
3351:
3344:
3337:
3330:
3323:
3316:
3309:
3302:
3295:
3288:
3280:
3278:
3272:
3271:
3269:
3268:
3261:
3254:
3247:
3240:
3233:
3226:
3219:
3212:
3205:
3198:
3191:
3184:
3177:
3170:
3163:
3156:
3149:
3142:
3135:
3128:
3121:
3114:
3107:
3100:
3093:
3086:
3079:
3072:
3065:
3058:
3051:
3044:
3037:
3030:
3022:
3020:
3011:
3005:
3004:
3002:
3001:
2994:
2987:
2980:
2973:
2966:
2965:
2964:
2946:
2939:
2932:
2925:
2924:
2923:
2909:
2902:
2901:
2900:
2893:
2882:
2864:
2857:
2850:
2847:Constructivism
2843:
2836:
2825:
2814:
2806:
2804:
2800:
2799:
2792:
2791:
2784:
2777:
2769:
2760:
2759:
2757:
2756:
2748:
2740:
2732:
2724:
2716:
2708:
2700:
2694:
2686:
2678:
2672:
2664:
2658:
2650:
2642:
2634:
2630:Darktown Revue
2626:
2618:
2610:
2602:
2594:
2586:
2578:
2570:
2562:
2554:
2546:
2538:
2534:Marcus Garland
2530:
2522:
2518:A Son of Satan
2514:
2506:
2498:
2490:
2482:
2474:
2466:
2458:
2450:
2442:
2434:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2418:Oscar Micheaux
2413:
2412:
2405:
2398:
2390:
2384:
2383:
2373:
2367:
2354:
2343:
2329:
2327:(Feature Film)
2320:
2315:
2309:Oscar Micheaux
2306:
2291:
2282:
2270:
2269:
2224:external links
2219:
2217:
2210:
2204:
2203:External links
2201:
2200:
2199:
2182:
2168:
2153:
2147:
2132:
2126:
2111:
2105:
2092:
2081:
2063:(2): 351–360.
2049:
2036:978-0253109224
2035:
2020:
2015:978-0253339942
2014:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1991:
1973:
1951:
1920:
1894:
1868:
1842:
1816:
1790:
1764:
1743:
1724:
1713:. New York, NY
1697:
1678:
1669:
1662:
1644:
1611:
1580:
1554:
1540:
1507:
1477:
1452:
1438:
1388:
1374:
1354:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1316:
1314:Deanna Michaux
1309:
1306:
1305:
1304:
1286:
1268:
1250:
1232:
1214:
1196:
1183:978-0803282094
1182:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1160:
1152:
1144:
1136:
1128:
1120:
1112:
1104:
1096:
1088:
1080:
1072:
1064:
1056:
1048:
1040:
1032:
1028:Darktown Revue
1024:
1016:
1008:
1000:
992:
984:
976:
968:
960:
952:
944:
933:
929:Marcus Garland
925:
917:
913:A Son of Satan
909:
901:
893:
885:
877:
869:
861:
853:
845:
837:
829:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
740:
735:
734:
733:
726:
723:
706:
690:
679:
672:
661:
655:
649:
642:
635:
628:
621:
612:
609:
599:
596:
567:
564:
546:
543:
533:
530:
425:
422:
372:George Johnson
340:
337:
299:Pullman porter
255:
252:
186:
185:
183:
182:
167:
154:
152:
148:
147:
135:
131:
126:
125:
114:
110:
107:
106:
105:
103:
99:
98:
95:
91:
90:
84:
82:(aged 67)
78:March 25, 1951
76:
72:
71:
65:
52:
50:
46:
45:
36:
28:
27:
25:Oscar Micheaux
24:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6149:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6093:
6090:
6088:
6085:
6083:
6080:
6078:
6075:
6073:
6070:
6068:
6065:
6063:
6060:
6058:
6055:
6053:
6050:
6048:
6045:
6043:
6040:
6038:
6035:
6033:
6030:
6028:
6025:
6024:
6022:
6009:
5999:
5998:
5997:Postmodernism
5992:
5991:
5983:
5976:
5972:
5969:
5965:
5962:
5958:
5955:
5951:
5948:
5944:
5941:
5940:Metamodernism
5937:
5934:
5930:
5927:
5923:
5920:
5916:
5913:
5909:
5906:
5905:New Hollywood
5902:
5899:
5895:
5892:
5888:
5885:
5881:
5878:
5874:
5871:
5867:
5864:
5860:
5857:
5853:
5850:
5846:
5843:
5839:
5836:
5832:
5829:
5825:
5820:
5816:
5813:
5809:
5806:
5802:
5801:
5799:
5798:Impressionism
5795:
5792:
5788:
5785:
5781:
5778:
5774:
5771:
5767:
5764:
5760:
5757:
5753:
5750:
5746:
5743:
5739:
5736:
5732:
5729:
5725:
5722:
5718:
5715:
5711:
5708:
5704:
5700:
5699:
5693:
5689:
5688:
5682:
5679:
5675:
5672:
5668:
5667:
5665:
5661:
5647:
5646:
5641:
5635:
5634:
5629:
5623:
5622:
5617:
5611:
5610:
5605:
5599:
5598:
5593:
5587:
5586:
5581:
5575:
5574:
5569:
5563:
5562:
5557:
5551:
5550:
5545:
5539:
5538:
5533:
5527:
5526:
5521:
5515:
5514:
5509:
5508:
5506:
5502:
5495:
5491:
5488:
5484:
5481:
5477:
5474:
5470:
5467:
5463:
5460:
5456:
5453:
5449:
5446:
5442:
5439:
5435:
5432:
5428:
5425:
5421:
5418:
5414:
5411:
5407:
5404:
5400:
5397:
5393:
5390:
5386:
5383:
5379:
5378:
5376:
5374:
5370:
5363:
5359:
5356:
5352:
5349:
5345:
5342:
5338:
5335:
5331:
5328:
5324:
5321:
5317:
5314:
5310:
5307:
5303:
5300:
5296:
5293:
5289:
5286:
5282:
5279:
5275:
5272:
5268:
5265:
5261:
5258:
5254:
5251:
5247:
5244:
5240:
5237:
5233:
5230:
5226:
5223:
5219:
5218:
5216:
5214:
5210:
5203:
5199:
5196:
5192:
5189:
5185:
5182:
5178:
5175:
5171:
5168:
5164:
5161:
5157:
5154:
5150:
5147:
5143:
5140:
5136:
5133:
5129:
5126:
5122:
5119:
5115:
5112:
5108:
5105:
5101:
5098:
5094:
5091:
5087:
5084:
5080:
5077:
5073:
5070:
5066:
5063:
5059:
5056:
5052:
5049:
5045:
5042:
5038:
5035:
5031:
5028:
5024:
5021:
5017:
5014:
5010:
5007:
5003:
5000:
4996:
4993:
4989:
4986:
4982:
4979:
4975:
4974:
4972:
4970:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4955:
4941:
4940:
4935:
4929:
4928:
4923:
4917:
4913:
4907:
4903:
4897:
4896:
4891:
4885:
4884:
4879:
4873:
4872:
4867:
4861:
4860:
4855:
4849:
4848:
4843:
4837:
4836:
4831:
4825:
4824:
4819:
4813:
4812:
4807:
4801:
4800:
4795:
4789:
4788:
4783:
4777:
4776:
4771:
4765:
4764:
4759:
4758:
4756:
4752:
4745:
4741:
4738:
4734:
4731:
4727:
4724:
4720:
4717:
4713:
4710:
4706:
4703:
4699:
4696:
4692:
4689:
4685:
4682:
4678:
4675:
4671:
4668:
4664:
4661:
4657:
4654:
4650:
4647:
4643:
4640:
4636:
4633:
4632:Hundertwasser
4629:
4626:
4622:
4619:
4615:
4612:
4608:
4605:
4601:
4598:
4594:
4591:
4587:
4586:
4584:
4582:
4578:
4571:
4567:
4564:
4560:
4557:
4553:
4550:
4546:
4543:
4539:
4536:
4532:
4529:
4525:
4522:
4518:
4515:
4511:
4508:
4504:
4501:
4497:
4494:
4490:
4487:
4483:
4480:
4476:
4473:
4469:
4466:
4462:
4459:
4455:
4452:
4448:
4445:
4441:
4438:
4434:
4431:
4427:
4424:
4420:
4417:
4413:
4410:
4406:
4403:
4399:
4396:
4392:
4389:
4385:
4382:
4378:
4375:
4371:
4368:
4364:
4361:
4357:
4354:
4350:
4347:
4343:
4340:
4336:
4333:
4329:
4326:
4322:
4319:
4315:
4312:
4308:
4305:
4301:
4298:
4294:
4291:
4287:
4284:
4280:
4277:
4273:
4270:
4266:
4263:
4259:
4256:
4252:
4249:
4245:
4242:
4238:
4235:
4231:
4228:
4224:
4221:
4217:
4214:
4210:
4207:
4203:
4200:
4196:
4193:
4189:
4186:
4182:
4179:
4175:
4172:
4168:
4165:
4161:
4158:
4154:
4151:
4147:
4146:
4144:
4142:
4138:
4131:
4127:
4124:
4120:
4117:
4113:
4110:
4106:
4103:
4099:
4096:
4092:
4089:
4085:
4082:
4078:
4075:
4071:
4068:
4064:
4061:
4057:
4054:
4050:
4047:
4043:
4040:
4036:
4033:
4029:
4026:
4022:
4019:
4015:
4012:
4008:
4005:
4001:
3998:
3994:
3991:
3987:
3984:
3980:
3977:
3973:
3970:
3966:
3963:
3959:
3956:
3952:
3949:
3945:
3942:
3938:
3935:
3931:
3928:
3924:
3921:
3917:
3914:
3910:
3907:
3903:
3900:
3896:
3893:
3889:
3886:
3882:
3879:
3875:
3872:
3868:
3865:
3861:
3858:
3854:
3851:
3847:
3844:
3840:
3837:
3833:
3830:
3826:
3823:
3819:
3816:
3812:
3809:
3805:
3802:
3798:
3795:
3791:
3788:
3784:
3781:
3777:
3774:
3770:
3767:
3763:
3760:
3756:
3753:
3749:
3746:
3742:
3739:
3735:
3732:
3728:
3725:
3721:
3718:
3714:
3711:
3707:
3704:
3700:
3697:
3693:
3690:
3686:
3683:
3679:
3676:
3672:
3669:
3665:
3662:
3658:
3655:
3651:
3648:
3644:
3641:
3637:
3634:
3630:
3629:
3627:
3625:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3612:
3598:
3597:
3592:
3586:
3585:
3580:
3574:
3573:
3568:
3562:
3561:
3556:
3550:
3549:
3544:
3538:
3537:
3532:
3526:
3525:
3520:
3514:
3513:
3508:
3502:
3501:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3489:
3482:
3478:
3475:
3471:
3468:
3464:
3461:
3457:
3454:
3450:
3447:
3443:
3440:
3436:
3433:
3429:
3426:
3422:
3419:
3415:
3412:
3408:
3405:
3401:
3398:
3394:
3391:
3387:
3384:
3380:
3377:
3373:
3370:
3366:
3363:
3359:
3356:
3352:
3349:
3345:
3342:
3338:
3335:
3331:
3328:
3324:
3321:
3317:
3314:
3310:
3307:
3303:
3300:
3296:
3293:
3289:
3286:
3282:
3281:
3279:
3277:
3273:
3266:
3262:
3259:
3255:
3252:
3248:
3245:
3241:
3238:
3234:
3231:
3227:
3224:
3220:
3217:
3213:
3210:
3206:
3203:
3199:
3196:
3192:
3189:
3185:
3182:
3178:
3175:
3171:
3168:
3164:
3161:
3157:
3154:
3150:
3147:
3143:
3140:
3136:
3133:
3129:
3126:
3122:
3119:
3115:
3112:
3108:
3105:
3101:
3098:
3094:
3091:
3087:
3084:
3080:
3077:
3073:
3070:
3066:
3063:
3059:
3056:
3052:
3049:
3045:
3042:
3038:
3035:
3031:
3028:
3024:
3023:
3021:
3019:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3009:Literary arts
3006:
2999:
2995:
2992:
2988:
2985:
2981:
2978:
2974:
2971:
2967:
2961:
2960:
2954:
2953:
2951:
2950:Neoplasticism
2947:
2944:
2940:
2937:
2933:
2930:
2926:
2921:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2913:Functionalism
2910:
2907:
2903:
2898:
2894:
2890:
2889:
2883:
2879:
2878:
2872:
2871:
2869:
2868:Expressionism
2865:
2862:
2858:
2855:
2851:
2848:
2844:
2841:
2840:Ashcan School
2837:
2833:
2832:
2826:
2822:
2821:
2815:
2812:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2790:
2785:
2783:
2778:
2776:
2771:
2770:
2767:
2754:
2753:
2749:
2746:
2745:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2733:
2730:
2729:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2698:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2687:
2684:
2683:
2679:
2676:
2673:
2670:
2669:
2665:
2662:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2643:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2611:
2608:
2607:
2603:
2600:
2599:
2595:
2592:
2591:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2579:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2555:
2552:
2551:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2539:
2536:
2535:
2531:
2528:
2527:
2526:Body and Soul
2523:
2520:
2519:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2499:
2496:
2495:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2483:
2480:
2479:
2478:The Hypocrite
2475:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2464:
2463:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2451:
2448:
2447:
2443:
2440:
2439:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2427:
2426:
2423:
2419:
2411:
2406:
2404:
2399:
2397:
2392:
2391:
2388:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2361:
2358:Stace England
2355:
2353:
2349:
2344:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2326:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2310:
2307:
2299:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2266:
2263:
2255:
2245:
2241:
2240:inappropriate
2237:
2233:
2227:
2225:
2218:
2209:
2208:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2169:9781893250031
2165:
2161:
2160:
2154:
2150:
2148:9780061982156
2144:
2140:
2139:
2133:
2129:
2123:
2119:
2118:
2112:
2108:
2106:9788323318965
2102:
2098:
2093:
2090:
2089:9781935517511
2086:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2050:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2032:
2028:
2027:
2021:
2017:
2011:
2007:
2006:
2000:
1999:
1987:
1983:
1977:
1961:
1955:
1939:
1935:
1931:
1924:
1909:
1905:
1898:
1883:
1879:
1872:
1857:
1853:
1846:
1830:
1826:
1820:
1805:
1801:
1794:
1779:
1775:
1768:
1760:
1759:
1754:
1747:
1739:
1735:
1728:
1712:
1708:
1701:
1694:
1693:
1688:
1682:
1673:
1665:
1659:
1655:
1648:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1599:
1595:
1589:
1587:
1585:
1568:
1564:
1558:
1543:
1541:9781580461030
1537:
1533:
1532:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1512:
1500:September 12,
1496:
1492:
1486:
1484:
1482:
1466:
1465:biography.com
1462:
1456:
1448:
1442:
1435:
1434:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1377:
1375:9781584655060
1371:
1367:
1366:
1358:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1328:
1324:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1292:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1274:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1256:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1220:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1179:
1175:
1174:
1169:
1168:
1158:
1157:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1118:
1117:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1001:
998:
997:
993:
990:
989:
985:
982:
981:
977:
974:
973:
969:
966:
965:
961:
958:
957:
953:
950:
949:
945:
943:
939:
938:
934:
931:
930:
926:
923:
922:
921:Body and Soul
918:
915:
914:
910:
907:
906:
902:
899:
898:
894:
891:
890:
886:
883:
882:
878:
875:
874:
873:The Hypocrite
870:
867:
866:
862:
859:
858:
854:
851:
850:
846:
843:
842:
838:
835:
834:
830:
827:
826:
822:
821:
809:
806:
805:
800:
799:
794:
793:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
771:
766:
765:
760:
756:
752:
751:
746:
739:
731:
727:
724:
721:
717:
713:
712:
711:Body and Soul
707:
704:
700:
696:
695:
691:
688:
684:
681:In 2011, the
680:
677:
673:
670:
666:
662:
660:
656:
653:
650:
647:
644:In 1989, the
643:
640:
636:
633:
629:
626:
622:
619:
615:
614:
608:
606:
598:Personal life
595:
593:
589:
588:heart failure
585:
577:
572:
562:
560:
553:
550:
542:
538:
529:
527:
526:
521:
517:
513:
509:
508:
503:
502:
497:
492:
490:
484:
480:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
457:
452:
451:
445:
443:
439:
435:
431:
421:
419:
415:
410:
408:
404:
399:
398:
393:
388:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
364:
361:
357:
352:
345:
336:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
317:
312:
308:
303:
300:
294:
292:
288:
283:
279:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
251:
249:
245:
241:
237:
229:
222:
198:
192:
181:
173:
172:
168:
161:
160:
156:
155:
153:
149:
129:
104:
100:
96:
94:Occupation(s)
92:
87:
77:
73:
68:
51:
47:
34:
29:
22:
19:
5995:
5988:
5735:Ecomodernism
5643:
5631:
5619:
5607:
5595:
5583:
5573:The Firebird
5571:
5559:
5547:
5535:
5523:
5511:
4937:
4927:Citizen Kane
4925:
4916:Fallingwater
4906:Villa Savoye
4893:
4881:
4869:
4857:
4845:
4835:Black Square
4833:
4821:
4809:
4797:
4785:
4773:
4761:
4653:Le Corbusier
4581:Architecture
3594:
3582:
3570:
3560:Mrs Dalloway
3558:
3546:
3534:
3522:
3510:
3498:
3383:Lowell (Amy)
2752:The Betrayal
2750:
2742:
2734:
2726:
2718:
2710:
2702:
2696:
2688:
2680:
2674:
2666:
2660:
2652:
2644:
2636:
2628:
2620:
2612:
2604:
2596:
2588:
2580:
2572:
2564:
2556:
2548:
2540:
2532:
2524:
2516:
2508:
2500:
2492:
2484:
2476:
2468:
2460:
2452:
2444:
2436:
2428:
2417:
2339:
2324:
2258:
2249:
2234:by removing
2221:
2186:
2158:
2137:
2116:
2096:
2060:
2056:
2025:
2004:
1985:
1976:
1964:. Retrieved
1954:
1942:. Retrieved
1938:the original
1933:
1923:
1911:. Retrieved
1907:
1897:
1885:. Retrieved
1881:
1871:
1861:February 25,
1859:. Retrieved
1855:
1845:
1833:. Retrieved
1828:
1819:
1807:. Retrieved
1803:
1793:
1781:. Retrieved
1777:
1767:
1756:
1746:
1737:
1727:
1717:December 11,
1715:. Retrieved
1710:
1700:
1690:
1681:
1672:
1653:
1647:
1637:December 14,
1635:. Retrieved
1629:
1602:. Retrieved
1598:the original
1573:November 15,
1571:. Retrieved
1566:
1557:
1545:. Retrieved
1530:
1498:. Retrieved
1494:
1468:. Retrieved
1464:
1455:
1441:
1432:
1379:. Retrieved
1364:
1357:
1347:February 12,
1345:. Retrieved
1341:the original
1336:
1327:
1290:
1272:
1254:
1236:
1218:
1200:
1172:
1156:The Betrayal
1154:
1146:
1138:
1130:
1122:
1114:
1106:
1098:
1090:
1082:
1074:
1066:
1058:
1050:
1042:
1034:
1026:
1018:
1010:
1002:
994:
986:
978:
970:
962:
954:
946:
935:
927:
919:
911:
903:
895:
887:
879:
871:
863:
855:
847:
839:
831:
823:
802:
798:Sun Sentinel
796:
790:
786:
778:
773:, filmmaker
768:
762:
748:
742:
737:
709:
702:
699:Clyde Taylor
692:
601:
581:
555:
551:
548:
539:
535:
523:
505:
499:
493:
489:Jim Crow era
485:
481:
477:sharecropper
473:Evelyn Preer
464:
454:
448:
446:
433:
430:The Conquest
429:
427:
411:
406:
395:
389:
383:
367:
365:
355:
353:
350:
328:
325:The Conquest
324:
314:
304:
295:
284:
280:
257:
248:silent films
190:
189:
169:
157:
80:(1951-03-25)
18:
6032:1951 deaths
6027:1884 births
5990:Romanticism
5947:Remodernism
5828:Incoherents
5687:Avant-garde
5678:Armory Show
5285:Maeterlinck
5188:Villa-Lobos
5174:Szymanowski
5153:Stockhausen
5090:Lutosławski
4815:(1909–1910)
3615:Visual arts
3588:(1928–1940)
3504:(1913–1927)
3027:Apollinaire
2991:Synchromism
2831:Art Nouveau
2661:Black Magic
2614:Easy Street
2470:The Dungeon
2053:hooks, bell
1944:November 9,
1913:November 9,
1887:November 9,
1835:November 9,
1809:November 9,
1783:November 9,
1547:November 9,
1470:November 9,
1060:Black Magic
1012:Easy Street
865:The Dungeon
817:Filmography
504:(1926) and
461:World War I
380:Los Angeles
360:protagonist
311:homesteader
42: 1913
6072:Race films
6021:Categories
5877:Maximalism
5812:Literature
5487:Wiesenthal
5389:Cunningham
5382:Balanchine
5362:Witkiewicz
5334:Strindberg
5320:Pirandello
5292:Mayakovsky
5167:Stravinsky
5139:Schoenberg
4958:Performing
4883:Metropolis
4674:Mendelsohn
4479:Rossellini
4472:Richardson
4283:Fassbinder
4269:Eisenstein
4206:Cassavetes
3962:Modigliani
3836:Goncharova
3822:Giacometti
3216:Dos Passos
3018:Literature
2977:Surrealism
2888:Die Brücke
2736:Birthright
2728:Lying Lips
2704:Underworld
2697:Temptation
2510:Birthright
2360:'s channel
1604:August 14,
1320:References
1140:Birthright
1132:Lying Lips
1108:Underworld
1100:Temptation
905:Birthright
775:Bayer Mack
759:Tom Joyner
630:1989, the
576:Great Bend
512:mixed race
469:mixed-race
392:Sioux City
323:published
291:stockyards
244:race films
59:1884-01-02
5926:Pulp noir
5884:Modernity
5749:Film noir
5473:St. Denis
5396:Diaghilev
5132:Schaeffer
5055:Hindemith
5034:Dutilleux
5006:Boulanger
4811:The Dance
4507:Tarkovsky
4500:Sternberg
4332:Hitchcock
4248:Dovzhenko
4164:Antonioni
4109:Stieglitz
3948:Metzinger
3899:Kokoschka
3878:Kandinsky
3292:Aldington
3285:Akhmatova
3202:Marinetti
3195:Mansfield
3146:Hemingway
2984:Symbolism
2803:Movements
2796:Modernism
2638:The Exile
2446:The Brute
2252:June 2024
2236:excessive
2045:237396790
1962:. Mic.com
1631:BlackPast
1381:March 13,
1300:300739700
1282:300792169
1192:254051406
1036:The Exile
841:The Brute
747:released
743:In 2014,
37:Micheaux
6008:Category
5609:Fountain
5513:Don Juan
5452:Nijinsky
5348:Wedekind
5327:Piscator
5222:Anderson
5146:Scriabin
5062:Honegger
4723:Sullivan
4709:Saarinen
4702:Rietveld
4695:Niemeyer
4667:Melnikov
4597:Bunshaft
4528:Truffaut
4493:Sjöström
4437:Pudovkin
4409:Minnelli
4374:Kurosawa
4367:Kuleshov
4297:Flaherty
4123:Vuillard
4102:Steichen
4060:Rousseau
4025:Pissarro
4004:O'Keeffe
3969:Mondrian
3920:Malevich
3913:Magritte
3885:Kirchner
3829:van Gogh
3780:Doesburg
3759:Delaunay
3752:Delaunay
3675:Brâncuși
3661:Boccioni
3624:Painting
3474:Williams
3397:Mallarmé
3313:Cendrars
3223:Platonov
3181:Lawrence
3174:Koestler
3111:Flaubert
3104:Faulkner
3069:Bulgakov
2998:Tonalism
2959:De Stijl
2943:Lettrism
2929:Futurism
2820:Art Deco
2298:LibriVox
2195:26073112
2178:49260537
1986:HMdb.org
1308:See also
1228:10616358
403:libelous
268:Kentucky
5663:Related
5525:Ubu Roi
5480:Tamiris
5466:Sokolow
5445:Massine
5313:Osborne
5306:O'Neill
5299:O'Casey
5257:Chekhov
5243:Beckett
5229:Anouilh
5213:Theatre
5160:Strauss
5118:Russolo
5097:Milhaud
5076:Janáček
5048:Górecki
5041:Feldman
5027:Debussy
5020:Copland
4978:Antheil
4716:Steiner
4639:Johnson
4618:Guimard
4611:Gropius
4458:Resnais
4360:Kubrick
4290:Fellini
4276:Epstein
4262:Edwards
4227:Cocteau
4213:Chaplin
4185:Bresson
4178:Bergman
4157:Aldrich
4150:Akerman
4095:Soutine
4067:Schiele
4018:Picasso
4011:Picabia
3941:Matisse
3815:Gauguin
3787:Duchamp
3745:Kooning
3724:Claudel
3717:Chirico
3710:Chagall
3703:Cézanne
3696:Cassatt
3668:Bonnard
3654:Bellows
3647:Balthus
3524:Ulysses
3446:Stevens
3439:Seferis
3258:Unamuno
3097:Forster
3076:Chekhov
3041:Beckett
2970:Orphism
2936:Imagism
2920:Bauhaus
2906:Fauvism
2811:Acmeism
2364:YouTube
2352:YouTube
2287:at the
2230:Please
2222:use of
2077:3041692
1966:July 8,
1264:5541463
1210:2058028
1159:(1948)
1087:(1934)
1047:(1932)
1023:(1930)
1015:(1930)
1007:(1929)
999:(1929)
991:(1928)
951:(1926)
932:(1925)
916:(1924)
908:(1924)
900:(1923)
892:(1922)
884:(1922)
876:(1922)
868:(1922)
860:(1921)
844:(1920)
836:(1920)
828:(1919)
516:passing
442:mulatto
438:suicide
287:Chicago
144:
136:
132:
123:
115:
111:
5649:(1953)
5637:(1928)
5625:(1921)
5613:(1917)
5601:(1913)
5589:(1912)
5577:(1910)
5565:(1905)
5561:Salome
5553:(1902)
5541:(1899)
5529:(1896)
5517:(1888)
5494:Wigman
5424:Graham
5417:Fuller
5410:Fokine
5403:Duncan
5355:Wilder
5341:Toller
5278:Kaiser
5250:Brecht
5236:Artaud
5195:Webern
5181:Varèse
5111:Partch
5083:Ligeti
5013:Boulez
4985:Bartók
4943:(1943)
4931:(1941)
4919:(1936)
4909:(1931)
4899:(1929)
4887:(1927)
4875:(1925)
4863:(1923)
4851:(1920)
4839:(1915)
4827:(1912)
4803:(1907)
4791:(1889)
4779:(1887)
4767:(1886)
4744:Wright
4730:Tatlin
4688:Neutra
4590:Breuer
4556:Welles
4542:Vertov
4465:Renoir
4416:Murnau
4402:Marker
4395:Lupino
4353:Keaton
4339:Hubley
4325:Godard
4311:Fuller
4255:Dreyer
4234:Dassin
4192:Buñuel
4088:Sisley
4081:Signac
4074:Seurat
4046:Renoir
3864:Hopper
3766:Demuth
3689:Calder
3682:Braque
3633:Albers
3600:(1929)
3576:(1926)
3564:(1925)
3552:(1924)
3540:(1922)
3528:(1922)
3516:(1915)
3467:Valéry
3453:Thomas
3418:Pessoa
3362:George
3355:Elytis
3348:Éluard
3334:Desnos
3306:Cavafy
3276:Poetry
3237:Proust
3230:Porter
3132:Hamsun
3090:Döblin
3083:Conrad
3055:Breton
3034:Barnes
2854:Cubism
2755:(1948)
2747:(1940)
2739:(1939)
2731:(1939)
2723:(1938)
2720:Swing!
2715:(1938)
2707:(1937)
2699:(1936)
2693:(1935)
2685:(1934)
2677:(1933)
2671:(1932)
2663:(1932)
2657:(1932)
2649:(1932)
2641:(1931)
2633:(1931)
2625:(1930)
2617:(1930)
2609:(1929)
2601:(1929)
2593:(1928)
2585:(1927)
2577:(1928)
2569:(1927)
2561:(1926)
2553:(1926)
2545:(1926)
2537:(1925)
2529:(1925)
2521:(1924)
2513:(1924)
2505:(1923)
2502:Deceit
2497:(1922)
2489:(1922)
2481:(1922)
2473:(1922)
2465:(1921)
2457:(1920)
2449:(1920)
2441:(1920)
2433:(1919)
2193:
2176:
2166:
2145:
2124:
2103:
2087:
2075:
2043:
2033:
2012:
1660:
1569:. 2000
1538:
1372:
1298:
1280:
1262:
1246:682477
1244:
1226:
1208:
1190:
1180:
1151:(1940)
1143:(1939)
1135:(1939)
1127:(1938)
1124:Swing!
1119:(1938)
1111:(1937)
1103:(1935)
1095:(1935)
1079:(1933)
1071:(1932)
1063:(1932)
1055:(1932)
1039:(1931)
1031:(1931)
975:(1928)
967:(1927)
959:(1926)
924:(1925)
897:Deceit
852:(1920)
532:Themes
178:
164:
162:: 1986
151:Awards
102:Spouse
88:, U.S.
69:, U.S.
5819:Post-
5805:Music
5504:Works
5459:Shawn
5438:Laban
5373:Dance
5271:Jarry
5264:Ibsen
5202:Weill
5125:Satie
4999:Berio
4969:Music
4754:Works
4681:Nervi
4625:Horta
4604:Gaudí
4563:Wiene
4535:Varda
4521:Trnka
4430:Pabst
4388:Losey
4346:Jones
4318:Gance
4241:Deren
4220:Clair
4199:Carné
4171:Avery
4053:Rodin
4039:Redon
3997:Nolde
3990:Munch
3983:Moore
3976:Monet
3927:Manet
3906:Léger
3871:Kahlo
3850:Grosz
3808:Ernst
3801:Ensor
3738:Degas
3491:Works
3481:Yeats
3460:Tzara
3432:Rilke
3425:Pound
3404:Moore
3376:Lorca
3369:Jacob
3341:Eliot
3320:Crane
3299:Auden
3265:Woolf
3251:Svevo
3244:Stein
3209:Musil
3167:Kafka
3160:Joyce
3153:Hesse
3139:Hašek
3062:Broch
2897:Music
2073:JSTOR
1165:Books
812:Works
586:, of
566:Death
545:Style
424:Films
224:
138:(
134:
117:(
113:
5431:Holm
5104:Nono
5069:Ives
4992:Berg
4960:arts
4737:Mies
4660:Loos
4646:Kahn
4570:Wood
4549:Vigo
4514:Tati
4486:Sirk
4381:Lang
4304:Ford
4141:Film
4130:Wood
3955:Miró
3934:Marc
3892:Klee
3857:Höch
3843:Gris
3794:Dufy
3731:Dalí
3411:Owen
3327:H.D.
3188:Mann
3125:Gide
3118:Ford
3048:Bely
2861:Dada
2340:Time
2313:IMDb
2191:OCLC
2174:OCLC
2164:ISBN
2143:ISBN
2122:ISBN
2101:ISBN
2085:ISBN
2041:OCLC
2031:ISBN
2010:ISBN
1968:2018
1946:2015
1915:2015
1889:2015
1863:2015
1837:2015
1811:2015
1785:2015
1778:IMDb
1719:2019
1711:Time
1658:ISBN
1639:2010
1606:2013
1575:2014
1549:2015
1536:ISBN
1502:2022
1472:2015
1383:2011
1370:ISBN
1349:2009
1296:OCLC
1278:OCLC
1260:OCLC
1242:OCLC
1224:OCLC
1206:OCLC
1188:OCLC
1178:ISBN
728:The
637:The
514:and
176:6721
75:Died
49:Born
4423:Ozu
4032:Ray
3773:Dix
3640:Arp
2362:on
2350:on
2311:at
2296:at
2278:at
2238:or
2065:doi
804:Mic
781:by
685:in
378:in
266:in
6023::
5987:←
2338:,
2334:,
2172:.
2071:.
2061:25
2059:.
2039:.
1984:.
1932:.
1906:.
1880:.
1854:.
1827:.
1802:.
1776:.
1755:.
1736:.
1709:.
1689:,
1628:.
1614:^
1583:^
1565:.
1510:^
1493:.
1480:^
1463:.
1391:^
1335:.
1186:.
463:.
405:.
278:.
218:oʊ
199::
197:US
174::
140:m.
119:m.
39:c.
6000:→
2788:e
2781:t
2774:v
2409:e
2402:t
2395:v
2382:)
2265:)
2259:(
2254:)
2250:(
2246:.
2228:.
2197:.
2180:.
2151:.
2130:.
2109:.
2091:.
2079:.
2067::
2047:.
2018:.
1988:.
1970:.
1948:.
1917:.
1891:.
1865:.
1839:.
1813:.
1787:.
1761:.
1740:.
1721:.
1666:.
1641:.
1608:.
1577:.
1551:.
1504:.
1474:.
1449:.
1385:.
1351:.
1302:.
1284:.
1266:.
1248:.
1230:.
1212:.
1194:.
671:.
627:.
221:/
215:ʃ
212:ˈ
209:ɪ
206:m
203:/
193:(
61:)
57:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
