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ground, then they fall into crevices on the floor where they will be safe until they hatch one to ten days later (depending on the environment that they live in, it may take longer to hatch). They hatch into a larva that looks very similar to a worm and is about two millimeters long. It only has a small body and a mouth part. At this stage, the flea does not drink blood; instead it eats dead skin cells, flea droppings, and other smaller parasites lying around them in the dust. When the larva is mature it makes a silken
231:. The flea's body is about one tenth of an inch long (about 2.5 mm). Its body is constructed to make it easier to jump long distances. The flea's body consists of three regions: head, thorax, and abdomen. The head and the thorax have rows of bristles (called combs), and the abdomen consists of eight visible segments. A flea's mouth has two functions: one for squirting saliva or partly digested blood into the bite, and one for sucking up blood from the host. This process mechanically transmits
44:
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245:
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There are four stages in a flea's life. The first stage is the egg stage. Microscopic white eggs fall easily from the female to the ground or from the animal she lays on. If they are laid on an animal, they soon fall off in the dust or in the animal's bedding. If the eggs do fall immediately on the
235:
that may cause diseases it might carry. Fleas smell exhaled carbon dioxide from humans and animals and jump rapidly to the source to feed on the newly found host. The flea is wingless so it can not fly, but it can jump long distances with the help of small, powerful legs. A flea's leg consists of
271:
Experimentally, it has been shown that the fleas flourish in dry climatic conditions with temperatures of 20–25 °C (68–77 °F), they can live up to a year and can stay in the cocoon stage for up to a year if the conditions are not favourable.
268:. When the flea emerges, it begins the final cycle, called the adult stage. A flea can now suck blood from hosts and mate with other fleas. A single female flea can mate once and lay eggs every day with up to 50 eggs per day.
236:
four parts: the part that is closest to the body is the coxa; next are the femur, tibia, and tarsus. A flea can use its legs to jump up to 200 times its own body length (about 20 in or 50 cm).
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The
Oriental rat flea has no genal or pronotal combs. This characteristic can be used to differentiate the Oriental rat flea from the
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A. Farhang-Azad, R. Traub & S. Baqar (1985). "Transovarial transmission of murine typhus rickettsiae in
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that has fed on an infected rodent bites a human, although this flea can live on any warm blooded mammal.
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336:. Diseases can be transmitted from one generation of fleas to the next through the eggs.
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264:. The flea remains a pupa from one week to six months changing in a process called
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Boyer, Sebastien; Gillespie, Thomas R.; Miarinjara, Adélaïde (1 July 2022).
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Urban
Insects and Arachnids: A Handbook of Urban Entomology
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775:. parasitology.informatik.uni-wuerzburg.de. Archived from
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Feldman, Sanford H.; Easton, David N. (1 January 2006).
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415:"New species of Siphonaptera from Egypt and the Soudan"
511:(Second ed.). Academic Press. pp. 565–586.
624:
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627:A History of Bubonic Plague in the British Isles
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376:Close-up of a female slide-mounted plague flea
505:"Chapter 17 – Occupational Health and Safety"
502:
388:Close-up of a male slide-mounted plague flea
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545:. Cambridge University Press. p. 378.
604:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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324:and also act as a host for the tapeworms
757:"Xenopsylla cheopis (oriental rat flea)"
538:
243:
303:
280:The Oriental rat flea was collected in
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682:. Chatto & Windus. pp. 147–.
539:Robinson, William H. (14 April 2005).
364:A whole slide image of the plague flea
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795:
308:This species can act as a vector for
1052:3a7147b5-e778-4052-8dee-ca48273ce749
951:61b5e34f-0ace-430f-9d3f-641c788428c5
292:and described in 1903. He named it
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1111:Insect vectors of animal pathogens
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1116:Insect vectors of human pathogens
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214:
1131:Taxa named by Charles Rothschild
600:"How fleas spread disease | CDC"
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369:
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448:"Xenopsylla cheopis (rat flea)"
420:Entomologist's Monthly Magazine
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625:J. F. D. Shrewsbury (2005).
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1126:Insects described in 1903
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189:, primarily of the genus
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39:Scientific classification
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465:10.1016/j.pt.2022.03.006
1106:Rodent-carried diseases
731:10.1126/science.3966162
759:. Animal Diversity Web
452:Trends in Parasitology
433:10.5962/bhl.part.17671
252:
247:
207:. This occurs when a
173:), also known as the
1121:Parasites of rodents
946:Fauna Europaea (new)
779:on 25 September 2007
574:"CDC - DPDx - Fleas"
327:Hymenolepis diminuta
304:Disease transmission
773:"Oriental rat flea"
723:1985Sci...227..543F
195:, and is a primary
863:Xenopsylla_cheopis
850:Xenopsylla_cheopis
836:Xenopsylla cheopis
806:Xenopsylla cheopis
705:Xenopsylla cheopis
509:The Laboratory Rat
348:Xenopsylla cheopis
286:Charles Rothschild
260:around itself and
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250:Xenopsylla cheopis
171:Xenopsylla cheopis
148:Xenopsylla cheopis
24:Oriental rat flea
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1073:Open Tree of Life
798:Taxon identifiers
717:(4686): 543–545.
689:978-0-7011-8180-2
640:978-0-521-02247-7
580:. 16 January 2019
552:978-1-139-44347-0
518:978-0-12-074903-4
175:tropical rat flea
167:Oriental rat flea
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333:Hymenolepis nana
321:Rickettsia typhi
248:Male and female
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96:Siphonaptera
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1011:NatureServe
972:iNaturalist
830:Wikispecies
783:3 September
763:3 September
610:27 December
584:27 December
578:www.cdc.gov
558:27 December
524:27 December
290:Karl Jordan
288:along with
284:, Sudan by
1095:Categories
397:References
346:Images of
296:after the
240:Life cycle
156:Rothschild
117:Xenopsylla
76:Arthropoda
1101:Pulicidae
1016:2.1013051
490:248570009
474:1471-4922
427:: 83–87.
233:pathogens
124:Species:
106:Pulicidae
62:Kingdom:
56:Eukaryota
990:10160865
870:BioLib:
815:Wikidata
707:fleas".
676:(2010).
482:35527197
413:(1903).
225:dog flea
221:cat flea
183:parasite
179:rat flea
102:Family:
72:Phylum:
66:Animalia
52:Domain:
964:1419435
821:Q499106
739:3966162
719:Bibcode
710:Science
340:Gallery
294:cheopis
276:History
262:pupates
187:rodents
181:, is a
177:or the
158:, 1903)
112:Genus:
92:Order:
86:Insecta
82:Class:
1078:174929
1065:837053
1049:NZOR:
1042:163159
1003:189334
977:271312
938:170080
925:XENOCH
912:704445
886:127312
873:104623
737:
686:
637:
549:
515:
488:
480:
472:
310:plague
282:Shendi
258:cocoon
197:vector
192:Rattus
985:IRMNG
899:5CB97
486:S2CID
229:fleas
1037:NCBI
998:ITIS
959:GBIF
920:EPPO
881:BOLD
785:2016
765:2016
735:PMID
684:ISBN
635:ISBN
612:2022
586:2022
560:2022
547:ISBN
526:2022
513:ISBN
478:PMID
470:ISSN
330:and
209:flea
203:and
199:for
165:The
1024:NBN
907:EoL
894:CoL
858:AFD
845:ADW
727:doi
715:227
460:doi
429:doi
185:of
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169:(
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
