17:
329:
The basin which has a sedimentary fill of 4 km to 6 km in thickness, consists of several sub-basins with a half-graben geometry, controlled by major normal faults. The basins started to form in the Eocene as a result of NW–SE extension. After a brief period of NE–SW extension in the
Pleistocene, the
346:
The block remains a stable piece of cratonic continental lithosphere. However, it has been suggested that is currently rotating anticlockwise due to interactions with neighbouring blocks, particularly the continuing eastward spread of the
Tibetan Plateau. This rotational model predicts the presence
303:
This basin trends WSW–ENE and also has a half-graben geometry. The main bounding fault zone lies to the north of the basin and consists of the
Wulashan, Daqingshan and Helinggeer faults. It shares the early history of the Yinchuan and Jilintai basins, but the recent tectonics in this case appear to
264:. The zone accommodates shortening associated with the eastward motion of the Tibetan Plateau at a rate of about 6 mm per year, although GPS data suggest that current motion across the thrust zone is only about a half of that. There is also a smaller component of right lateral shear along the zone.
294:
The
Jilintai Basin is arcuate in shape, following the main bounding fault zone to the north, consisting of the Langshan Piedmont and Seertengshan faults. It has an overall half-graben geometry. It has a similar tectonic history to the neighbouring Yinchuan Basin. A right lateral slip-rate of about
317:
geometry, consistent with right lateral sense of displacement over the zone. The age of the 2.0–3.8 km thick sedimentary sequences in the basins indicates that they became active during the
Miocene to Pliocene. GPS-derived slip rates on the various basins in the rift system show consistent small
276:
geometry. It has been active since at least the middle
Oligocene and contains a thick sedimentary fill (>8 km). It has had a long tectonic history, starting with a phase of northwest–southeast directed extension from the Oligocene to the middle Miocene. This was followed by a short period of
351:
data have been interpreted to support this model. In another model, there is no rotation of the Ordos Block and right lateral shear only on the western and eastern boundaries and left lateral shear on the northern and southern boundaries. GPS data have also been interpreted to support the
78:. The block is currently stable and large earthquakes are restricted to the bordering fault zones. It has been suggested that the block is currently undergoing anti-clockwise rotation with respect to the Eurasian Plate, as a result of the ongoing eastward spreading of the
196:
data. On the basis of this dataset, the block appears to be divided into a northern and southern part with contrasting histories. They are juxtaposed across the northwest–southeast trending Datong-Huachi fault. The northern part consists mainly of partly
495:
Wan, Y.; Xie, H.; Yang, U.; Wang, Z.; Liu, D.; Kröner, A.; Wilde, S.A.; Geng, Y.; Sun, L.; Ma, M.; Liu, S. (2013). "Is the Ordos Block
Archean or Paleoproterozoic in age? Implications for the Precambrian evolution of the North China Craton".
281:
related to NW–SE compression during the early part of the late
Miocene, before a return to NW–SE extension for the rest of the Late Miocene into the Pliocene. From the Late Pleistocene to the present day, the basin has been in an overall
312:
This group of rift basins forms the SSW–NNE trending eastern margin of the Ordos Block, over a distance of >900 km. The individual basins and their bounding high-angle normal faults have a WSW–ENE to SW–NE trend. They have an overall
304:
be approximately north–south extension. Estimated slip-rates are low, with high uncertainties, with small amounts of left-lateral strike-slip combined with a small component of either extension or shortening.
369:
Chen, W.; Liufu, Y.; Wu, L.; Zhang, C.; Zhang, H.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, Q.; Xiao, A. (2021). "Early
Cretaceous extensional allochthons in the Taihang Shan associated with destruction of the North China Craton".
286:
regime affected by a combination of NE–SW compression and NW–SE extension. A right lateral slip-rate of about 2 mm per year has been estimated across the basin, with about 1 mm per year of extension.
63:
330:
current tectonic setting began, which consists of NNW–SSE extension. This ongoing extension has been responsible for large historical damaging earthquakes, such as those in
326:
The Weihe Basin forms the southern margin of the Ordos Block. It is regarded as part of the Shanxi Rift System by some geologists and as a distinct rift element by others.
75:
161:
deposits. The youngest unit preserved in the basin is of Lower
Cretaceous age, with any younger parts of the sequence having been eroded following uplift during the
688:"Coulomb stress evolution in the Shanxi rift system, North China, since 1303 associated with coseismic, post-seismic and interseismic deformation"
90:
The Ordos Block is a roughly rectangular fault-bounded part of the larger North China Block, which itself closely matches the extent of the
260:
and reverse faulting runs for about 180 km and forms the southwestern margin of the Ordos Block. This thrust belt began to form during the
153:
with a sequence of clastic sedimentary rocks, including significant thicknesses of coal. The overlying Mesozoic sequence consist of mainly
55:
460:
Hao, M.; Wang, Q.; Zhang, P.; Li, Z.; Li, Y.; Zhuang, W. (2021). ""Frame Wobbling" Causing Crustal Deformation Around the Ordos Block".
611:
Zhang, C.; Gou, L.; Bai, H.; Wu, C. (2021). "New thinking and understanding for the researches on the basement of Ordos Block".
541:
Xiao, X.M.; Zhao, B.Q.; Thu, Z.L.; Song, Z.G.; Wilkins, R.W.T. (2005). "Upper Paleozoic petroleum system, Ordos Basin, China".
418:"Contemporary kinematics of the Ordos block, North China and its adjacent rift systems constrained by dense GPS observations"
240:
to the northwest and north on the Yinchuan, Jilantai and Hetao Basins and rifting within a zone of distributed right lateral
651:
Shi, W.; Dong, S.; Hu, J. (2020). "Neotectonics around the Ordos Block, North China: A review and new insights".
232:
All the margins of the Ordos Block are tectonically active. The style of tectonics varies around the block, with
67:
576:
Yue, L.; Li, J.; Zheng, G.; Li, Z. (2007). "Evolution of the Ordos Plateau and environmental effects".
725:
348:
331:
335:
59:
660:
585:
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505:
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429:
318:
amounts of right lateral strike-slip combined with generally smaller amounts of extension.
201:
180:
The understanding of the deep geology of the Ordos Block is based on the interpretation of
8:
278:
664:
589:
554:
509:
473:
433:
165:. This erosion surface is covered in the southern part of the block by Upper Neogene to
98:
of more than 200 km, suggesting that, unlike other parts of the NCB, it retains a fully
245:
189:
142:
40:
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114:
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417:
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24:
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526:
117:
in what is known as the Ordos Basin. There are three main sequences, of Lower
719:
295:
0.8 mm per year has been estimated, with about 1.6 mm per year of extension.
233:
174:
146:
36:
283:
257:
217:
138:
44:
21:
416:
Zhao, B.; Zhang, C.; Wang, D.; Huan, Y.; Tan, K.; Du, R.; Liu, J. (2017).
94:
North China Craton. It covers an area of about 250,000 km and has a thick
704:
687:
481:
273:
241:
221:
111:
95:
71:
517:
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209:
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data, backed up by a limited amount of deep borehole samples, yielding
166:
158:
134:
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118:
338:. GPS data are unable to constrain the current displacement rates.
261:
130:
122:
110:
The shallow geology of Ordos Block consists of a thick sequence of
51:
162:
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16:
170:
237:
347:
of right lateral shear along all of the block boundaries.
244:
along its eastern and southern margin, forming the Weihe-
236:
at its southwestern corner along the Liupanshan Fault.
58:, the westernmost part of the NCB, to the south by the
125:
age. The Lower Paleozoic sequence consists of mainly
272:
This ~160 km long SSW–NNE trending rift basin has a
212:age, with reworking at several periods during the
415:
50:and has been a distinct block since at least the
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82:, although this view has been challenged.
703:
686:Li, B.; Sørensen, B.; Atakan, K. (2015).
650:
578:Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences
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441:
224:in age, with some Neoarchean additions.
74:mountain range, which forms part of the
15:
718:
307:
216:. The southern part is thought be of
341:
54:. It is bordered to the west by the
251:
145:, sedimentation resumed during the
20:Map of the Ordos Block showing the
13:
14:
737:
692:Geophysical Journal International
289:
267:
39:, that forms part of the larger
673:10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102969
563:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2005.04.001
422:Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
372:Journal of Asian Earth Sciences
321:
298:
256:This belt of NNW–SSE trending
1:
625:10.18654/1000-0569/2021.01.11
355:
137:in age. Following a regional
64:Yanshan-Yinshan orogenic belt
543:Marine and Petroleum Geology
462:Geophysical Research Letters
443:10.1016/j.jseaes.2016.12.045
384:10.1016/j.jseaes.2021.104933
7:
498:American Journal of Science
68:Central Asian Orogenic Belt
43:(NCB). It is surrounded by
10:
742:
227:
149:and continued through the
105:
598:10.1007/s11430-007-6013-2
169:deposits of red clay and
85:
76:Trans-North China Orogen
27:that form its boundaries
613:Acta Petrologica Sinica
70:and to the east by the
352:non-rotational model.
121:, Upper Paleozoic and
62:, to the north by the
28:
653:Earth-Science Reviews
208:. They are partly of
202:metasedimentary rocks
60:Qinling orogenic belt
19:
482:10.1029/2020GL091008
141:associated with the
129:ranging from middle
665:2020ESRv..20002969S
590:2007ScChD..50S..19Y
555:2005MarPG..22..945X
510:2013AmJS..313..683W
474:2021GeoRL..4891008H
434:2017JAESc.135..257Z
705:10.1093/gji/ggv384
527:20.500.11937/35389
518:10.2475/07.2013.03
308:Shanxi Rift System
246:Shanxi Rift System
143:Caledonian orogeny
29:
342:Current tectonics
115:sedimentary rocks
41:North China Block
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726:Geology of China
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698:(3): 1642–1664.
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252:Liupanshan Fault
234:reverse faulting
214:Paleoproterozoic
190:geochronological
92:Paleoproterozoic
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127:carbonate rocks
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80:Tibetan Plateau
12:
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5:
739:
729:
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619:(1): 162–184.
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549:(8): 945–963.
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504:(7): 683–711.
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290:Jilintai Basin
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284:transtensional
269:
268:Yinchuan Basin
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204:with granitic
173:, part of the
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66:, part of the
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584:(S2): 19–26.
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175:Loess Plateau
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147:Carboniferous
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48:fault systems
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37:crustal block
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25:fault systems
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231:
218:Paleoarchean
179:
139:unconformity
109:
89:
32:
30:
428:: 257–267.
322:Weihe Basin
299:Hetao Basin
274:half-graben
242:strike-slip
222:Mesoarchean
112:Phanerozoic
102:character.
96:lithosphere
72:Taihangshan
33:Ordos Block
356:References
315:en echelon
210:Neoarchean
199:migmatised
167:Quaternary
159:lacustrine
135:Ordovician
56:Alxa Block
279:inversion
258:thrusting
133:to lower
119:Paleozoic
720:Category
262:Pliocene
206:gneisses
186:magnetic
131:Cambrian
123:Mesozoic
100:cratonic
52:Mesozoic
661:Bibcode
586:Bibcode
551:Bibcode
506:Bibcode
470:Bibcode
430:Bibcode
238:Rifting
228:Margins
194:isotope
182:gravity
163:Neogene
155:fluvial
151:Permian
106:Geology
86:Extent
45:active
22:active
468:(1).
171:loess
35:is a
336:1815
334:and
332:1556
192:and
184:and
157:and
31:The
700:doi
696:203
669:doi
657:200
621:doi
594:doi
559:doi
522:hdl
514:doi
502:313
478:doi
438:doi
426:135
380:doi
376:232
349:GPS
220:to
722::
694:.
690:.
667:.
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633:^
617:37
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582:50
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