394:
offloading troops and war materials. Prien targeted two cruisers and two transports with the four forward torpedoes but none detonated. An hour and a half later after a thorough inspection of the tubes and torpedoes, Prien tried again. Again, with a textbook surfaced attack from 750m away using four
541:
Operation
Hartmut engaged nearly every submarine in Germany's navy - most notably, both older Type IA submarines and all six of Germany's IIA coastal submarines, which were operating as training boats in the Baltic. Boats which were initially unavailable for action at the beginning of the operation
1098:
These U-boats began patrols during the timeframe of
Operation Weserübung, but were not fit for service (either due to damage, command changes or other reasons) during the beginning of Hartmut. These submarines generally operated in the area of the Orkney islands, Shetland Islands, and near Bergen.
529:
Other speculation has pointed to the unfamiliar conditions of the campaign for the abnormally large number of torpedo failures. Most commanders were used to operating at sea where the effect of tides and currents over short distances is negligible between a boat and its target. Underwater movement
209:
Dönitz predicted spectacular results for his submarines. In his memoirs he wrote, "Undoubtedly the enemy would react sharply to the landing of German troops in Norway. Their operations could be directed at our occupied ports or their own facilities - that is, strategically important sites for the
521:
Despite orders to cease using magnetic pistols in late 1939, Dönitz had authorized commanders to use either magnetic or impact pistols on their torpedoes during
Operation Weserübung. Cold water in the North Sea and Norwegian fjords hampered the use of electric torpedoes used at the time, which
210:
English... The enemy was also bound to the narrow waterways of the fjords; their ships would have to pass near the U-boats. They could only go unseen in very turbulent weather. The deployment of multiple U-boats in staggered formation would likely yield more shooting opportunities."
513:
U-boats succeeded in reporting some Allied fleet movements, but Dönitz' greatest interest was sinking ships - a portion of
Hartmut where the U-boats performed underwhelmingly. In general, submarine attacks in the Norwegian waters proved ineffective. Nearly two-thirds of the
205:
At this point, commanders and crews were simply ordered into the North Sea. A sealed envelope aboard each of the U-boats held their official orders. The envelope was to be opened upon receiving the radio code word "Hartmut" (hence the attributed name
Operation Hartmut).
1818:
213:
By the beginning of April 1940, 31 U-boats were ready for operations between
England and Norway. On 6 April, the codeword "Hartmut" was transmitted and German submarines began their designated operations.
143:' generally slow surface speed compared to surface vessels, many of the U-boats specifically assigned to perform in Operation Weserübung departed before the main surface fleet left from the mouth of the
125:
First hints of an impending invasion of Norway and
Denmark came in March 1940. By early April, most of the U-boats to be used for Operation Hartmut as part of Operation Weserübung were ready.
530:
may have significantly affected torpedoes, by throwing them off course or making them run too deep - potentially explaining at least part of the missed shots and torpedo failures.
97:
less effective. Coastal operations may have also hampered commanders used to the open sea. Speculation persists that massive torpedo failure during this campaign provoked German
505:
attacked a group of
British destroyers, but the torpedoes missed or failed to arm. The U-boat subsequently suffered moderate damage when the same destroyers depth charged her.
1808:
1813:
1803:
545:
When
Hartmut was issued on 6 April 1940 the German plan designated the U-bootwaffe into eight groups (along with a further Group Seven, which was cancelled).
946:
222:
German submarines operating near the
Norwegian coast made numerous attacks on British ships, although many proved unsuccessful due to faulty torpedoes.
895:
194:
U-boats were called up, despite that the Norwegian coast limited their operating time. The operation subsequently disrupted training exercises in the
994:
611:
479:
73:
The operation's reconnaissance and screening objectives succeeded for the most part, however Hartmut is notable for the large number of faulty
444:
made multiple attacks on a fleet of three cruisers on 10 April, but the torpedoes failed to arm or detonated prematurely. Later on 14 April,
308:
sank one Swedish tanker, one Norwegian freighter and one British freighter equalling 18,715 tons of shipping between 10 and 12 April.
1027:- a Type IIA brought to frontline status for two patrols during the operation before returning to her role as a training boat.
533:
Four submarines were also lost - three ocean-going submarines consisting of two VIIBs and one IXB along with one older IIA.
883:
1167:
delivered supplies to German troops in Trondheim, before going on patrol and sinking one British supply ship on 21 April.
163:
Further U-boat sailings are to be stopped. U-boats which have already sailed are not to operate off the Norwegian coast.
1069:- a Type IIB, which was on patrol west of the Norwegian Coast when Dönitz first received orders to prepare for Hartmut.
1684:
1462:
1375:
1261:
1235:
649:
sank the boat on 13 April. Schulz and other surviving crew were rescued from the water by German troops in Norway.
1191:- a Type IXA, which also delivered supplies to Trondheim. On her return journey she was bombed by two British
483:
85:. The deployment of U-boats during Operation Weserübung is occasionally criticized as a waste of manpower and
1186:
1178:
1170:
1154:
1135:
1127:
1115:
1103:
1084:
1076:
988:
976:
960:
940:
922:
889:
869:
853:
837:
820:
766:
758:
750:
738:
693:
674:
652:
617:
605:
581:
557:
473:
435:
369:
329:
323:
303:
257:
132:
intermittently sent ships to reconnoitre areas of the Norwegian coast and to try to locate portions of the
1175:- a Type VIIA also tasked with delivering supplies to Trondheim, but with an uneventful subsequent patrol.
1064:
1046:
1038:
1030:
1022:
792:
784:
718:
690:, the first ship sunk during the war. His patrol along the coast of Norway during Hartmut was uneventful.
498:
232:
798:
797:- a Type IIA brought into frontline status before returning to her role as a training boat. Sank the
658:
587:
238:
23:
166:
All Naval forces to be ready for operations as quickly as possible. No special degree of readiness.
724:
623:
191:
126:
1783:
1287:
789:- a Type IIA brought into frontline service. The submarine was sunk by mines, probably on 6 April.
949:. She sank two ships and damaged another during the operational time period. During this patrol,
825:- a Type IXA, one of the few boats to survive to be scuttled near the war's end. During Hartmut,
563:
187:
98:
1205:
155:
Preparations in the German submarine forces (U-bootwaffe) began in early March. On 4 March 1940
31:
1215:
78:
63:
1388:
523:
286:
1081:- a Type IIB that sank a Norwegian vessel in February, but nothing on patrol during Hartmut.
627:
346:
289:. The first torpedo failed to arm, but the second broke the ship in half. A few days later
1457:
Trompelt, Heinz (2006). Eine andere Sicht. Norderstedt: Books on Demand GmbH, pg 137-140.
8:
1823:
906:
339:
850:
engaged multiple ships, but was plagued with premature torpedo detonations and misses.
478:
attacked a destroyer, but the torpedoes detonated prematurely. On 19 April, commander
1458:
1371:
1210:
863:
801:
744:
684:
680:
643:
417:. One torpedo detonated ahead of the battleship, while another detonated far behind.
411:
319:
241:
1370:
Blair, Clay (1996). Hitler's U-Boat War. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, pg 155.
1195:
aircraft on 22 April, suffering light damage on the return journey to Wilhelmshaven.
571:
110:
50:. The orders involved submarine screening actions for the German invasion fleet and
1828:
1329:
1315:
982:
913:
875:
639:
441:
106:
1343:
1141:
1006:
Never assembled. Group Seven was designated to patrol the Eastern entrance to the
859:
728:
375:
102:
1766:
1670:
1600:
1586:
1558:
1516:
1502:
1444:
1430:
1416:
1402:
1357:
1192:
1121:
1007:
879:
831:
515:
90:
399:
had no success. One detonated underwater after hitting a rock, well off course.
843:
591:
183:
82:
51:
1688:
1265:
1239:
699:
156:
129:
1797:
353:
899:
567:
422:
334:
were positioned at the entrance of the fjord. When the Royal Navy arrived,
171:
35:
1752:
1738:
1474:
1262:"F.d.U./B.d.U.'S War Log , Appendix 1 to B.d.U's War Log, 1–31 March 1940"
973:
sank a British tanker in late March, but had no success during Weserübung.
1788:
966:
661:, which patrolled in the North Sea for 36 days without sinking any ships.
379:
282:
144:
94:
518:
failed by either detonating too early, not arming, or running too deep.
147:
on the morning of 7 April. Twenty U-boats went out on 3, 4 and 5 April.
927:- a Type VIIB was sunk by mines on 6 April en route to her patrol area.
595:
195:
133:
634:
was the first U-boat sunk by aircraft in the war. While anchored near
903:
735:
had a relatively successful career, she sank no ships during Hartmut.
403:
387:
199:
140:
59:
1819:
Naval battles and operations of the European theatre of World War II
77:
fired and four U-boats sunk. These problems came at a time when the
1159:- a Type IA - one of only two in the Kriegsmarine (the other being
1035:- a Type IIA also brought into frontline service for the operation.
985:
had one long patrol during the entire operation, but no ships sunk.
635:
198:
as six outdated Type IIA training submarines were brought into the
175:
86:
1060:
Patrol Area: Bergen, Shetland Islands; SW of the Norwegian Coast.
1724:
1656:
1642:
1628:
1614:
1572:
1488:
1132:- a Type IIB that began operations in late April without success.
827:
383:
179:
114:
74:
39:
1710:
1544:
1530:
1301:
1183:- a Type VIIA that delivered supplies to Trondheim in early May.
1124:'s former Type IIB. The submarine had no success during Hartmut.
1089:- a Type IIB that sank four Danish merchants on 19 and 20 March.
816:
Patrol Area: East of the Shetland Islands, Vagsfjord, Trondheim
698:- a Type VIIA, which torpedoed the scuttled Norwegian minelayer
101:
into improving the weapon's performance. U-boat commanders like
954:
391:
270:
67:
55:
43:
27:
1389:"Priens erfolgloser Angriff auf die britische Landungsflotte"
1051:- a Type IIA brought into frontline service for one patrol.
1043:- a Type IIA brought into frontline service for one patrol.
1144:
went on patrol in mid-April, but did not have any success.
936:
Patrol Area: Pentland, Orkney islands, Shetland Islands
1767:"Patrol of U-Boat U-43 from 12 Apr 1940 to 23 Apr 1940"
1559:"Patrol of U-Boat U-37 from 30 Mar 1940 to 18 Apr 1940"
1431:"Patrol of U-Boat U-51 from 11 Mar 1940 to 22 Apr 1940"
1358:"Patrol of U-Boat U-37 from 30 Mar 1940 to 18 Apr 1940"
542:
took part in ferrying supplies or patrolling later on.
293:
damaged another British ship before returning to port.
266:
off the Shetland islands with one torpedo on 17 April.
1601:"Patrol of U-Boat U-48 from 3 Apr 1940 to 20 Apr 1940"
1587:"Patrol of U-Boat U-47 from 3 Apr 1940 to 26 Apr 1940"
1517:"Patrol of U-Boat U-34 from 3 Apr 1940 to 30 Apr 1940"
1503:"Patrol of U-Boat U-65 from 9 Apr 1940 to 14 May 1940"
1445:"Patrol of U-Boat U-65 from 9 Apr 1940 to 14 May 1940"
1417:"Patrol of U-Boat U-48 from 3 Apr 1940 to 20 Apr 1940"
1403:"Patrol of U-Boat U-47 from 3 Apr 1940 to 26 Apr 1940"
1344:"Patrol of U-Boat U-13 from 21 Apr 1940 to 2 May 1940"
1108:- a Type IIB for frontline training; until late April
378:
encountered "a wall of ships" on 15 April. A British
62:. The orders also resulted in a number of attacks on
747:, but which failed to sink any ships during Hartmut.
553:Patrol Area: Narvik, Harstad, Westfjord, Vagsfjord
352:missing both. In the second battle, U-38 fired at
186:were fit for the operation. One older ocean-going
113:had the only patrols of their careers without any
1795:
1685:"Appendix 1 to B.d.U's War Log, 1–31 March 1940"
1073:conducted three patrols during March/April 1940.
714:Patrol Area: Bergen, Aalesund, Shetland Islands
614:, who failed to sink any vessels during Hartmut.
421:spent the next hours submerged under persistent
1809:Naval battles of World War II involving Germany
1671:"Patrol of U-59 from 31 Mar 1940 to 7 May 1940"
1814:Naval battles of World War II involving Norway
1804:Naval battles of World War II involving France
1288:"Die U-Boote bei dem "Unternehmen Weserübung""
670:Patrol Area: Trondheim, Namsos, Romsdalsfjord
159:received orders from his superiors in Berlin:
22:(literally "Operation Order Hartmut") was the
997:, which sank one Norwegian vessel on 6 April.
536:
463:was depth charged, but escaped destruction.
217:
93:and operations in cold weather rendered the
459:s destroyer screen fired on the vessel and
174:any vessel that could dive. Only 12 larger
81:was still going exceptionally well against
46:. Occasionally these operations are termed
16:Code word to begin German submarine in WWII
1236:"F.d.U./B.d.U.'S War Log, 1–15 April 1940"
1148:
359:but the torpedoes detonated prematurely.
882:- both who ended the war as successful
771:- a Type IIC with an uneventful patrol.
763:- a Type IIC with an uneventful patrol.
755:- a Type IIC with an uneventful patrol.
743:- a Type IIB successfully commanded by
452:but both torpedoes failed to detonate.
182:submarines capable of operating in the
150:
1796:
683:, who was responsible for sinking the
508:
120:
1013:
1001:
709:
1055:
886:, but had no success on this patrol.
811:
775:
322:on 10 April 1940 and 13 April 1940.
1784:U-Boats during Operation Weserübung
1475:"War Patrols by German U-Boat U-51"
957:for a short time on 19 to 21 April.
931:
665:
548:
522:required heating to reach suitable
13:
1140:- a Type IIC under the command of
1018:Patrol Area: Lindesnes, Egernsund
14:
1840:
1777:
285:by the British after the German
262:sank the British steam merchant
1759:
1745:
1731:
1717:
1703:
1677:
1663:
1649:
1635:
1621:
1607:
1593:
1579:
1565:
1551:
1537:
1523:
1509:
1495:
1481:
1467:
1451:
1437:
1423:
1409:
1395:
1381:
919:with one dead and 41 survivors.
190:was also included. 12 smaller
1364:
1350:
1336:
1322:
1308:
1294:
1280:
1254:
1228:
602:had no success during Hartmut.
578:had no success during Hartmut.
66:- particularly in or near the
1:
1221:
1093:
638:, British forces including a
488:, but both torpedoes missed.
953:docked in recently occupied
482:attacked the French cruiser
277:then sank the Danish vessel
89:for this reason. The use of
7:
1199:
499:Hans-Gerrit von Stockhausen
10:
1845:
1789:U-boat Archive - BDU's KTB
993:- a Type IIC commanded by
945:- a Type IIB commanded by
1629:"The Type VIIB boat U-50"
1615:"The Type VIIB boat U-49"
799:British T-class submarine
537:Submarine order of battle
281:that had been taken as a
239:British T-class submarine
218:Attacks on Allied vessels
1489:"The Type IXB boat U-64"
898:was sunk on 15 April by
70:of the Norwegian coast.
20:Operationsbefehl Hartmut
1573:"The Type IX boat U-38"
1149:Other submarine actions
780:Patrol Area: Stavanger
570:. Under the command of
491:
466:
428:
362:
311:
296:
250:
1216:Battle of the Atlantic
1112:was not on war patrol.
834:sank three freighters.
225:
1010:, but was cancelled.
524:operating temperature
410:spotted and attacked
318:There were two naval
287:occupation of Denmark
1206:Operation Weserübung
894:- a Type VIIB under
874:- a Type VIIB under
858:- a Type VIIB under
679:- a Type VIIA under
628:Georg-Wilhelm Schulz
610:- a Type VIIB under
151:Hartmut preparations
32:Operation Weserübung
981:- a Type IIC under
965:- a Type IIC under
842:- a Type IXA under
509:Operational results
390:were anchored near
121:Hartmut's execution
79:war in the Atlantic
54:- particularly off
1014:U-Boat Group Eight
1002:U-Boat Group Seven
947:Max-Martin Schulte
710:U-Boat Group Three
566:submarines in the
562:- one of only two
273:for a short time,
99:naval high command
30:operations during
1753:"Patrols of U-23"
1739:"Patrols of U-17"
1691:on 20 August 2013
1268:on 20 August 2013
1242:on 19 August 2013
1211:Battles of Narvik
1163:from Group One).
1056:U-Boat Group Nine
902:from the British
864:Hans-Werner Kraus
812:U-Boat Group Five
776:U-Boat Group Four
745:Herbert Wohlfarth
681:Fritz-Julius Lemp
320:battles of Narvik
269:After docking in
48:Operation Hartmut
1836:
1771:
1770:
1763:
1757:
1756:
1749:
1743:
1742:
1735:
1729:
1728:
1721:
1715:
1714:
1707:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1687:. Archived from
1681:
1675:
1674:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1653:
1647:
1646:
1639:
1633:
1632:
1625:
1619:
1618:
1611:
1605:
1604:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1583:
1577:
1576:
1569:
1563:
1562:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1541:
1535:
1534:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1513:
1507:
1506:
1499:
1493:
1492:
1485:
1479:
1478:
1471:
1465:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1441:
1435:
1434:
1427:
1421:
1420:
1413:
1407:
1406:
1399:
1393:
1392:
1385:
1379:
1368:
1362:
1361:
1354:
1348:
1347:
1340:
1334:
1333:
1326:
1320:
1319:
1312:
1306:
1305:
1298:
1292:
1291:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1264:. Archived from
1258:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1247:
1238:. Archived from
1232:
983:Herbert Kuppisch
932:U-Boat Group Six
896:Kurt von Gossler
876:Herbert Schultze
666:U-Boat Group Two
640:Fairey Swordfish
549:U-Boat Group One
516:magnetic pistols
458:
442:Herbert Schultze
91:magnetic pistols
26:to begin German
1844:
1843:
1839:
1838:
1837:
1835:
1834:
1833:
1794:
1793:
1780:
1775:
1774:
1765:
1764:
1760:
1751:
1750:
1746:
1737:
1736:
1732:
1725:"Type IIB U-19"
1723:
1722:
1718:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1694:
1692:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1657:"Type IIC U-57"
1655:
1654:
1650:
1643:"Type IIB U-13"
1641:
1640:
1636:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1613:
1612:
1608:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1585:
1584:
1580:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1529:
1528:
1524:
1515:
1514:
1510:
1501:
1500:
1496:
1487:
1486:
1482:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1456:
1452:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1415:
1414:
1410:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1369:
1365:
1356:
1355:
1351:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1300:
1299:
1295:
1286:
1285:
1281:
1271:
1269:
1260:
1259:
1255:
1245:
1243:
1234:
1233:
1229:
1224:
1202:
1151:
1122:Otto Kretschmer
1096:
1058:
1016:
1008:English Channel
1004:
934:
880:Reinhard Suhren
832:Werner Hartmann
814:
778:
712:
668:
551:
539:
511:
496:
471:
456:
433:
388:transport ships
367:
316:
301:
255:
230:
220:
153:
123:
38:'s invasion of
17:
12:
11:
5:
1842:
1832:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1792:
1791:
1786:
1779:
1778:External links
1776:
1773:
1772:
1758:
1744:
1730:
1716:
1711:"Type IIB U-7"
1702:
1676:
1662:
1648:
1634:
1620:
1606:
1592:
1578:
1564:
1550:
1545:"Type IIA U-4"
1536:
1531:"Type IIA U-1"
1522:
1508:
1494:
1480:
1466:
1450:
1436:
1422:
1408:
1394:
1380:
1363:
1349:
1335:
1321:
1307:
1302:"Type IIA U-4"
1293:
1279:
1253:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1184:
1176:
1168:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1133:
1125:
1113:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1090:
1082:
1074:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1044:
1036:
1028:
1015:
1012:
1003:
1000:
999:
998:
986:
974:
958:
933:
930:
929:
928:
920:
887:
867:
851:
844:Heinrich Liebe
835:
813:
810:
809:
808:
790:
777:
774:
773:
772:
764:
756:
748:
736:
711:
708:
707:
706:
691:
667:
664:
663:
662:
650:
642:launched from
615:
612:Dietrich Knorr
603:
592:Herbert Sohler
579:
572:Viktor Schütze
550:
547:
538:
535:
510:
507:
495:
490:
480:Dietrich Knorr
470:
465:
432:
427:
402:After leaving
366:
361:
315:
310:
300:
295:
254:
249:
229:
224:
219:
216:
184:Atlantic Ocean
168:
167:
164:
152:
149:
122:
119:
52:reconnaissance
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1841:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1768:
1762:
1754:
1748:
1740:
1734:
1726:
1720:
1712:
1706:
1690:
1686:
1680:
1672:
1666:
1658:
1652:
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967:Claus Korth
884:U-Boat aces
501:commanding
349:Southampton
157:Karl Dönitz
145:Weser river
130:Karl Dönitz
95:G7e torpedo
1824:Code names
1798:Categories
1222:References
1094:Unassigned
904:destroyers
596:Erich Topp
395:torpedoes
196:Baltic Sea
141:submarines
1316:"Swainby"
914:HMS
907:HMS
644:HMS
594:with IWO
588:Type VIIB
404:Ofotfjord
356:Effingham
354:HMS
347:HMS
340:HMS
338:fired at
237:sank the
200:North Sea
172:mobilized
75:torpedoes
60:Trondheim
28:submarine
24:code word
1200:See also
909:Fearless
878:and IWO
862:and IWO
731:. While
725:Type IIB
685:SS
659:Type IXB
646:Warspite
636:Bjerkvik
624:Type IXB
454:Warspite
450:Warspite
425:attack.
414:Warspite
384:cruisers
176:Type VII
107:Schultze
87:materiel
1829:U-boats
828:K.Kapt.
804:Thistle
687:Athenia
564:Type IA
345:and at
342:Valiant
264:Swainby
244:Thistle
192:Type II
188:Type IA
180:Type IX
170:Dönitz
139:Due to
115:tonnage
111:Schütze
83:Britain
40:Denmark
1695:10 May
1461:
1374:
1330:"Lily"
1272:10 May
1246:10 May
1193:Hudson
955:Bergen
916:Brazen
700:HNoMS
626:under
590:under
440:under
392:Narvik
374:under
271:Bergen
117:sunk.
68:fjords
56:Narvik
44:Norway
702:Frøya
457:'
380:fleet
283:prize
103:Prien
1697:2010
1459:ISBN
1372:ISBN
1274:2010
1248:2010
1188:U-43
1180:U-32
1172:U-29
1165:U-26
1161:U-25
1156:U-26
1137:U-61
1129:U-24
1117:U-23
1110:U-17
1105:U-17
1086:U-19
1078:U-10
990:U-59
978:U-58
971:U-57
962:U-57
951:U-13
942:U-13
924:U-50
912:and
891:U-49
871:U-48
855:U-47
848:U-38
839:U-38
822:U-37
802:HMS
768:U-62
760:U-60
752:U-56
740:U-15
723:- a
695:U-34
676:U-30
657:- a
654:U-65
632:U-64
622:- a
619:U-64
607:U-51
600:U-46
586:- a
583:U-46
576:U-25
559:U-25
503:U-65
493:U-65
475:U-51
468:U-51
461:U-48
446:U-48
437:U-48
430:U-48
419:U-47
412:HMS
408:U-47
397:U-47
386:and
371:U-47
364:U-47
336:U-38
331:U-65
328:and
325:U-38
313:U-38
305:U-37
298:U-37
291:U-13
279:Lily
275:U-13
259:U-13
252:U-13
242:HMS
178:and
109:and
58:and
42:and
1071:U-7
1066:U-7
1048:U-6
1040:U-5
1032:U-3
1024:U-2
794:U-4
786:U-1
733:U-9
720:U-9
382:of
234:U-4
227:U-4
127:BdU
1800::
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