43:
2109:
2501:
2036:
101:
2060:
119:
2048:
382:
programs in India, with one of the subsections of its Joint
Intelligence Bureau (JIB) department devoted to perform various operations in India. The Joint Signal Intelligence Bureau (JSIB) department has also been involved in providing communications support to Pakistani agents operating in regions
430:. People who went to Kashmir will do an "injustice to the Kashmiri people". Indian commentator Luv Puri claims most of the Pakistani militants who had crossed the border over the years and were caught by the Indian security forces were found to belong to the
967:
387:
of India. The Joint
Intelligence North section of the Joint Counter-Intelligence Bureau (JCIB) wing deals particularly with India. In the 1950s the ISI's Covert Action Division was alleged for supplied arms to
1000:
293:,. American intelligence officials have speculated that the ISI has continued to provide protection, support and intelligence to Lashkar-e-Taiba, among other militant groups in the region.
1033:
934:
1065:
957:
414:
in Oct 2014 said during TV interview, "We have source (in
Kashmir) besides the (Pakistan) army...People in Kashmir are fighting against (India). We just need to incite them."
1835:
1840:
1391:
289:
were more heavily favoured by the
Pakistani state. Under this program, the ISI helped create six separatist militant groups in Indian-administered Kashmir, including
1463:
1386:
1820:
1750:
1396:
2536:
1381:
709:
2362:
1850:
1335:
1308:
1303:
1276:
449:(IB) indicated that ISI was "desperately trying to revive Sikh" militant activity in India. The ISI is also allegedly active in printing and supplying
2170:
990:
1825:
1212:
2541:
2098:
1830:
785:
465:
2546:
838:
1023:
926:
2160:
2052:
1117:
42:
729:
1055:
811:
1187:
2064:
285:
While all
Kashmiri separatist groups received funding and support, organizations that espoused an explicit pro-Pakistan stance in the
2301:
2203:
1743:
1371:
1298:
1272:
1262:
2551:
2221:
1293:
179:
is the codename of a military-intelligence contingency program that was run in the 1980s by
Pakistan's main intelligence agency
2470:
1706:
471:
2400:
2311:
2306:
1579:
1153:
652:
590:
2393:
2175:
2040:
1736:
384:
2091:
1427:
1237:
616:
442:
279:
244:
563:
2367:
1701:
1691:
1584:
1401:
1643:
1453:
1229:
877:
846:
768:
567:
34:
2388:
2383:
1681:
1217:
1207:
477:
2296:
2236:
2213:
1664:
483:
396:
188:
155:
900:
2346:
2226:
2191:
2084:
1669:
1529:
1180:
872:
698:
228:
2504:
2231:
1473:
1323:
389:
161:
2478:
2420:
2196:
2121:
1559:
1422:
1267:
437:
India has also accused the ISI of reinvigorating separatism and insurgencies in the country via support to
2512:
2291:
1759:
1630:
1564:
446:
400:
236:
180:
142:
63:
2316:
2148:
1717:
1498:
1488:
1247:
1242:
418:
200:
793:
2425:
2341:
1880:
1804:
1794:
1659:
1606:
1173:
760:
1696:
1674:
1458:
705:
2483:
1618:
2516:
2508:
2155:
1612:
1478:
1468:
1406:
1143:
733:
2138:
2112:
1569:
1513:
1351:
1318:
819:
407:
379:
204:
192:
1980:
1950:
1910:
1773:
1589:
1554:
1503:
1448:
1361:
8:
2488:
2017:
Pakistan's Inter-Services
Intelligence Directorate: Covert Action and Internal Operations
1900:
1885:
1778:
1508:
1356:
1330:
232:
196:
2456:
2446:
2336:
2275:
1895:
1890:
1799:
1711:
1574:
1534:
1483:
1028:
962:
867:
532:
166:
2076:
2059:
514:
2451:
1960:
1925:
1858:
1788:
1539:
1149:
764:
699:"India's Sikh Militants Forming Ties with Lashkar-e-Taiba and Pakistani Intelligence"
648:
536:
450:
255:
243:
and other ideological militants in their fight against the Indian administration in
220:
2441:
2268:
1686:
1637:
1549:
1252:
1196:
524:
431:
411:
286:
208:
30:
672:
62:
Provision of
Intelligence, Funding and Armaments for Separatists and Militants in
1624:
1544:
1493:
1432:
1376:
1313:
642:
486:, an ongoing militant uprising in Indian-administered Kashmir against Indian rule
290:
2108:
617:"International Sikh Youth Federation (ISYF) South Asia Terrorism Portal article"
474:, an overview of Pakistan's involvement with and exploitation of militant groups
2007:
Directorate S: The C.I.A. and
America's Secret Wars in Afghanistan and Pakistan
1975:
1965:
87:
1728:
301:
The primary objectives of
Pakistan's Operation Tupac upon its execution were:
2530:
2263:
2258:
1970:
1935:
842:
438:
321:
191:. The program was authorized and initiated in 1988 by the order of the then-
1990:
1945:
1940:
1915:
958:"US exposes ISI subversion of Kashmir issue; FBI arrests US-based lobbyist"
453:
358:
571:
1985:
1930:
1920:
1869:
1060:
183:(ISI). It has a three-part action plan to provide covert support to anti-
1955:
1257:
995:
421:
339:
259:
251:
1088:"'Historic day': PM Imran inaugurates 24/7 border crossing at Torkham"
644:
The foreign policy of Pakistan: ethnic impacts on diplomacy, 1971-1994
528:
515:
Winchell, Sean P. (2003), "Pakistan's ISI: The Invisible Government",
1905:
904:
468:, an overview of the covert activities of Pakistan's ISI within India
224:
1087:
424:
publicly discouraged Pakistani people from going to Kashmir to do a
1165:
375:
347:
310:
306:
271:
263:
240:
106:
70:
199:. It has since been diminished since the Early 2000s by the later
809:
343:
267:
48:
1056:"Pakistan needs to incite those fighting in Kashmir: Musharraf"
927:"ISI sponsors terror activities in Kashmir, FBI tells US court"
331:
to utilize the spy network to act as an instrument of sabotage.
1024:"ISI funneled millions to influence US policy on Kashmir: FBI"
374:
The Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), intelligence agency of
786:"Does Obama understand his biggest foreign-policy challenge?"
517:
International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence
426:
362:
351:
335:
325:
314:
275:
184:
124:
74:
2022:
Spy Stories: Inside the Secret World of the RAW and the ISI
445:(ISYF), in order to destabilize India. A report by India's
69:
Support Anti-India Separatist Movements and Militants and
892:
812:"Pakistani Militants Admit Role in Siege, Official Says"
219:
The codename of the program is derived from the name of
2106:
1464:
2001 Jammu and Kashmir legislative assembly car bombing
510:
508:
506:
504:
502:
500:
235:. The program is thought to be actively ongoing as the
810:
Richard A. Oppel Jr.; Salman Masood (1 January 2009),
296:
239:
has maintained its support for Kashmiri separatists,
497:
350:
anti-india militants for conduct operations against
305:
to provide arms support and finance to separatists,
262:
fighters, under the Operation Tupac with the aid of
991:"ISI gives arms to Kashmir terrorists: Rana to FBI"
578:
673:"200 Pak organisations raise funds for terror: IB"
189:insurgency in Indan-administered Jammu and Kashmir
2376:
2528:
1118:"The many faces of Pakistani Punjab's militancy"
757:Shadow War: The Untold Story of Jihad in Kashmir
1758:
949:
640:
466:Inter-Services Intelligence activities in India
51:region, where the operation was launched mainly
1141:
1015:
901:"PAKISTAN'S INTER-SERVICES INTELLIGENCE (ISI)"
16:Codename of a Pakistani ISI operation in India
2284:
2092:
2012:Faith, Unity, Discipline: The ISI of Pakistan
1744:
1181:
843:"Directorate for Inter-Services Intelligence"
730:"Directorate for Inter-Services Intelligence"
564:"Directorate for Inter-Services Intelligence"
1135:
1080:
868:"Daily Describes Activities of ISI in India"
696:
403:sponsors and oversees militancy in Kashmir.
2537:Military operations of the Kashmir conflict
2434:
2099:
2085:
1751:
1737:
1188:
1174:
919:
837:
666:
664:
636:
634:
611:
609:
589:sfnp error: no target: CITEREFRashid2013 (
41:
955:
783:
690:
561:
1021:
670:
1111:
1109:
982:
833:
831:
829:
805:
803:
661:
631:
619:. The Institute for Conflict Management
606:
2542:Inter-Services Intelligence operations
2529:
2171:Cabinet Committee on National Security
2165:National Assembly Committee on Defence
937:from the original on 24 September 2015
584:
480:, a doctrine of the Pakistani military
472:Pakistan and state-sponsored terrorism
256:Soviet Union occupation in Afghanistan
2080:
1805:Drone Strikes in Pakistan (2004–2016)
1732:
1273:2019 India–Pakistan border skirmishes
1169:
1036:from the original on 24 February 2017
988:
956:Rajghatta, Chidanand (20 July 2011).
860:
777:
724:
722:
597:
557:
555:
553:
551:
549:
547:
545:
397:Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
2047:
1195:
1115:
1106:
1068:from the original on 12 October 2017
826:
800:
754:
732:. GlobalSecurity.org. Archived from
715:from the original on 29 August 2012.
385:Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir
1428:UN mediation of the Kashmir dispute
970:from the original on 12 August 2017
443:International Sikh Youth Federation
297:Scope and objectives of the program
270:with the goal of spreading radical
13:
1585:Tehreek-e-Azaadi Jammu and Kashmir
1003:from the original on 5 August 2017
719:
542:
14:
2563:
2547:India–Pakistan military relations
1580:Islamic State – Khorasan Province
1454:2000 Amarnath pilgrimage massacre
1263:2001–2002 India–Pakistan standoff
898:
878:Federation of American Scientists
847:Federation of American Scientists
568:Federation of American Scientists
401:Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI)
187:separatists and militants in the
35:Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts
2500:
2499:
2107:
2058:
2046:
2035:
2034:
1795:Operation Midnight Jackal (1989)
671:Nanjappa, Vicky (10 June 2008).
478:Bleed India with a Thousand Cuts
117:
99:
2552:Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir
1644:Jammu and Kashmir Accession Day
1392:Operation Sadbhavana (Goodwill)
1238:Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948
1148:. APH Publishing. p. 296.
1048:
748:
697:Mukhtar Khan (9 January 2009).
484:Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir
334:to exploit porous borders with
2347:Strategic Plans Division Force
1800:Operation Clean-up (1992–1994)
1530:Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front
1116:Puri, Luv (27 November 2019).
784:Juan Cole (12 December 2008),
1:
1474:2002 Raghunath temple attacks
1324:2016 Nagrota army base attack
989:Kumar, Himani (7 June 2011).
490:
390:insurgents in Northeast India
378:has been involved in running
233:Spanish colonial rule in Peru
214:
162:Insurgency in Northeast India
2122:Military history of Pakistan
1607:Jammu and Kashmir Exodus Day
1268:2008 Indo-Pakistani standoff
441:militant groups such as the
365:and its neighbour countries.
7:
2161:Senate Committee on Defence
1774:Operation Rising Sun (1970)
1760:Inter-Services Intelligence
1631:Jammu and Kashmir Black Day
1565:Al-Badr (Jammu and Kashmir)
647:. I.B.Tauris. p. 149.
459:
369:
181:Inter-Services Intelligence
143:Inter-Services Intelligence
64:Indian-administered Kashmir
10:
2568:
2421:Pakistani Defence Industry
2307:National Command Authority
2149:Prime Minister of Pakistan
1779:Operation Fair Play (1977)
1718:Village Defence Committees
1499:2017 Amarnath Yatra attack
1489:March 2013 Srinagar attack
1248:Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
1243:Indo-Pakistani War of 1965
562:John Pike (25 July 2002).
419:Prime Minister of Pakistan
2497:
2469:
2426:Defence Housing Authority
2413:
2355:
2329:
2251:
2212:
2184:
2176:National Security Council
2128:
2119:
2030:
1999:
1849:
1813:
1766:
1660:Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus
1652:
1598:
1522:
1441:
1415:
1344:
1286:
1228:
1203:
1022:Agencies (20 July 2011).
149:
138:
130:
112:
94:
82:
56:
40:
28:
23:
1675:OHCHR reports on Kashmir
1459:Chittisinghpura massacre
1423:Jinnah–Mountbatten talks
706:The Jamestown Foundation
641:Mehtab Ali Shah (1997).
227:revolutionary who led a
209:General Pervez Musharraf
1142:M. G. Chitkara (2003).
2363:Awards and decorations
1784:Operation Tupac (1980)
1613:Kashmir Solidarity Day
1523:Militant organisations
1479:2006 Srinagar bombings
1469:2001 Kishtwar massacre
1442:Bombings and massacres
2214:Joint Chiefs of Staff
2139:President of Pakistan
2113:Pakistan Armed Forces
1570:Ansar Ghazwat-ul-Hind
1514:2022 Srinagar bombing
1387:Operation Sarp Vinash
1352:1947 Poonch rebellion
1319:2016 Baramulla attack
380:military intelligence
266:, slowly infiltrated
229:large Andean uprising
205:President of Pakistan
193:President of Pakistan
2237:Chief of Naval Staff
1951:Ashfaq Parvez Kayani
1911:Shamsur Rahman Kallu
1866:Muhammad Afzal Malik
1619:Kashmir Martyrs' Day
1590:United Jihad Council
1555:Harkat-ul-Mujahideen
1504:2018 Sunjuwan attack
1449:1947 Jammu massacres
1362:Operation Grand Slam
907:on 13 September 2012
755:Arif, Jamal (2009).
346:to set up bases and
254:victory against the
2489:Bangladesh genocide
2457:Shaheen (Air Force)
2227:Chief of Army Staff
2135:Commander-in-Chief
1901:Akhtar Abdur Rehman
1886:Muhammed Akbar Khan
1863:Mirza Hamid Hussain
1712:Over ground workers
1670:Human rights abuses
1509:2019 Pulwama attack
1397:Operation Calm Down
1357:Operation Gibraltar
1145:Combating Terrorism
1094:. 18 September 2019
1064:. 16 October 2014.
822:on 15 December 2018
796:on 15 February 2009
447:Intelligence Bureau
197:Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
2414:Business interests
2377:Ranks and insignia
2337:Civil Armed Forces
2232:Chief of Air Staff
2204:Defence Production
1896:Muhammad Riaz Khan
1891:Ghulam Jilani Khan
1575:Dukhtaran-e-Millat
1535:Tehreek-e-Hurriyat
1484:2006 Doda massacre
1230:Wars and conflicts
1029:The Indian Express
963:The Times of India
816:The New York Times
408:Pakistan President
223:, an 18th-century
167:Khalistan movement
2524:
2523:
2465:
2464:
2409:
2408:
2325:
2324:
2317:Armed Forces Band
2247:
2246:
2074:
2073:
1961:Ahmad Shuja Pasha
1926:Javed Ashraf Qazi
1859:Syed Shahid Hamid
1851:Directors General
1789:Operation Cyclone
1726:
1725:
1540:Hizbul Mujahideen
1382:Operation All Out
1287:Border skirmishes
1155:978-81-7648-415-2
654:978-1-86064-169-5
529:10.1080/713830449
280:Jammu and Kashmir
272:Islamist ideology
245:Jammu and Kashmir
201:Military Dictator
174:
173:
156:Jammu and Kashmir
57:Operational scope
2559:
2503:
2502:
2432:
2431:
2374:
2373:
2297:Public Relations
2282:
2281:
2182:
2181:
2145:Chief Executive
2111:
2101:
2094:
2087:
2078:
2077:
2062:
2050:
2049:
2038:
2037:
1767:Major operations
1753:
1746:
1739:
1730:
1729:
1638:Azad Kashmir Day
1550:Jaish-e-Mohammed
1253:Siachen conflict
1197:Kashmir conflict
1190:
1183:
1176:
1167:
1166:
1160:
1159:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1113:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1099:
1084:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1019:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1008:
986:
980:
979:
977:
975:
953:
947:
946:
944:
942:
933:. 21 July 2011.
923:
917:
916:
914:
912:
903:. Archived from
896:
890:
889:
887:
885:
864:
858:
857:
855:
853:
841:(25 July 2002).
835:
824:
823:
818:, archived from
807:
798:
797:
792:, archived from
781:
775:
774:
752:
746:
745:
743:
741:
726:
717:
716:
714:
703:
694:
688:
687:
685:
683:
668:
659:
658:
638:
629:
628:
626:
624:
613:
604:
601:
595:
594:
582:
576:
575:
570:. Archived from
559:
540:
539:
512:
412:Pervez Musharraf
287:Kashmir conflict
139:Executed by
123:
121:
120:
105:
103:
102:
45:
31:Kashmir conflict
21:
20:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2556:
2527:
2526:
2525:
2520:
2493:
2461:
2430:
2405:
2372:
2351:
2321:
2312:Nursing Service
2302:Selection Board
2280:
2243:
2208:
2180:
2124:
2115:
2105:
2075:
2070:
2026:
1995:
1845:
1809:
1762:
1757:
1727:
1722:
1648:
1625:Youm-e-Istehsal
1594:
1560:Harkat ul-Ansar
1545:Lashkar-e-Taiba
1518:
1494:2016 Uri attack
1437:
1433:Simla Agreement
1411:
1377:Operation Eraze
1372:Operation Bison
1367:Operation Tupac
1340:
1314:2016 Uri attack
1282:
1224:
1199:
1194:
1164:
1163:
1156:
1140:
1136:
1126:
1124:
1114:
1107:
1097:
1095:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1071:
1069:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1039:
1037:
1020:
1016:
1006:
1004:
987:
983:
973:
971:
954:
950:
940:
938:
925:
924:
920:
910:
908:
897:
893:
883:
881:
866:
865:
861:
851:
849:
836:
827:
808:
801:
782:
778:
771:
753:
749:
739:
737:
728:
727:
720:
712:
701:
695:
691:
681:
679:
669:
662:
655:
639:
632:
622:
620:
615:
614:
607:
603:Ghosh 2000 pg.8
602:
598:
588:
583:
579:
574:on 15 May 2008.
560:
543:
513:
498:
493:
462:
432:Punjab province
372:
299:
291:Lashkar-e-Taiba
217:
177:Operation Tupac
118:
116:
100:
98:
95:Planned by
90:
52:
47:CIA Map of the
24:Operation Tupac
17:
12:
11:
5:
2565:
2555:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2522:
2521:
2498:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2475:
2473:
2467:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2438:
2436:
2429:
2428:
2423:
2417:
2415:
2411:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2398:
2397:
2396:
2386:
2380:
2378:
2371:
2370:
2365:
2359:
2357:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2349:
2344:
2342:National Guard
2339:
2333:
2331:
2327:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2288:
2286:
2285:Inter-Services
2279:
2278:
2273:
2272:
2271:
2261:
2255:
2253:
2249:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2240:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2218:
2216:
2210:
2209:
2207:
2206:
2201:
2200:
2199:
2188:
2186:
2179:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2167:
2166:
2163:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2143:
2142:
2141:
2132:
2130:
2126:
2125:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2104:
2103:
2096:
2089:
2081:
2072:
2071:
2069:
2068:
2056:
2044:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2003:
2001:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1976:Naveed Mukhtar
1973:
1968:
1966:Zaheerul Islam
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1877:Muhammad Hayat
1875:
1872:
1867:
1864:
1861:
1855:
1853:
1847:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1838:
1836:United Kingdom
1833:
1828:
1823:
1817:
1815:
1811:
1810:
1808:
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73:Uprisings in
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2484:Gang of Four
2330:Paramilitary
2292:Intelligence
2063:
2051:
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2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2000:Bibliography
1991:Nadeem Anjum
1946:Ehsan ul Haq
1941:Mahmud Ahmed
1916:Asad Durrani
1881:Riaz Hussain
1874:Sher Bahadur
1783:
1642:26 October—
1636:24 October—
1629:22 October—
1611:5 February—
1605:19 January—
1416:Negotiations
1366:
1218:1947–present
1144:
1137:
1125:. Retrieved
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1096:. Retrieved
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1070:. Retrieved
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1005:. Retrieved
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972:. Retrieved
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939:. Retrieved
930:
921:
909:. Retrieved
905:the original
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882:. Retrieved
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850:. Retrieved
820:the original
815:
794:the original
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779:
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738:. Retrieved
734:the original
692:
680:. Retrieved
676:
643:
621:. Retrieved
599:
580:
572:the original
520:
516:
454:Indian rupee
436:
425:
416:
405:
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373:
300:
284:
249:
218:
176:
175:
18:
2435:Foundations
1986:Faiz Hameed
1931:Naseem Rana
1921:Javed Nasir
1870:Syed Ghawas
1821:Afghanistan
1791:(1979–1989)
1599:Observances
1402:2016 strike
1127:27 November
1098:27 November
1072:22 February
1061:India Today
1040:22 February
1007:22 February
974:22 February
873:The Pioneer
451:counterfeit
357:to install
2531:Categories
2505:Categories
2156:Parliament
2129:Leadership
1981:Asim Munir
1956:Nadeem Taj
1814:by Country
1665:Insurgency
1623:5 August—
1345:Operations
1258:Kargil War
996:Rediff.com
899:Raman, B.
839:Pike, John
677:Rediff.com
491:References
422:Imran Khan
340:Bangladesh
260:Mujahideen
252:Mujahideen
250:After the
215:Background
134:1989–2000s
2513:Air Force
2471:Criticism
2401:Air Force
2356:Personnel
2276:Air Force
2197:Secretary
2185:Ministers
1906:Hamid Gul
1617:13 July—
1336:2020–2021
1309:2016–2018
1304:2014–2015
1213:1846–1946
1122:The Hindu
931:Firstpost
537:154924792
417:In 2019,
311:Islamists
307:militants
241:Islamists
66:and India
2252:Services
2222:Chairman
2065:Wikinews
2041:Category
1208:Timeline
1092:DAWN.COM
1066:Archived
1034:Archived
1001:Archived
968:Archived
935:Archived
710:Archived
460:See also
410:General
376:Pakistan
370:ISI role
274:to wage
264:Pakistan
231:against
225:Peruvian
107:Pakistan
83:Location
71:Islamist
29:Part of
2394:Marines
2269:Marines
2192:Defence
2053:Commons
1653:Related
941:1 April
911:25 June
884:25 June
852:25 June
682:25 June
623:25 June
456:notes.
406:Former
383:of the
344:Myanmar
268:Kashmir
150:Outcome
49:Kashmir
1826:Bosnia
1714:(OGWs)
1687:Ikhwan
1152:
767:
740:12 May
651:
535:
122:
113:Target
104:
2368:Women
1831:India
790:Salon
713:(PDF)
702:(PDF)
533:S2CID
427:jihad
363:India
352:india
348:train
336:Nepal
326:India
315:India
276:jihad
185:India
145:(ISI)
125:India
75:India
2517:Navy
2509:Army
2389:Navy
2384:Army
2264:Navy
2259:Army
1682:Rape
1331:2019
1299:2013
1294:2011
1150:ISBN
1129:2019
1100:2019
1074:2017
1042:2017
1009:2017
976:2017
943:2015
913:2012
886:2012
854:2012
765:ISBN
742:2008
684:2012
649:ISBN
625:2012
591:help
338:and
309:and
203:and
131:Date
33:and
525:doi
361:in
324:of
313:in
278:in
237:ISI
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