1513:
1255:
1743:
1345:
194:
142:
182:
163:
1002:
128:
1166:
41:
1300:, the 1st Parachute Division consisted of the 1st, 3rd and 4th Parachute Regiments, with an artillery regiment, tank-destroyer, anti-aircraft, and engineer battalions, and other support units. The division was the successor of the original German airborne force, the 7th Air Division, and was highly experienced. It had spearheaded the German invasion in the west in 1940, and fought in the battles of
1657:, which were directed to move inland to guard against a German attack. When the airborne division troops entered the city, they were welcomed by the Italian garrison and informed that the German forces had already departed. When the two brigades were offloaded, they passed through the city and set up defensive positions to the north. At the same time,
1148:
Slapstick was in part an operation of deception, to divert German forces away from the main Allied landings at
Salerno on the same day, while also attempting to capture Taranto and Brindisi intact. The main value of Taranto was its large port. Its seizure would, with the expected capture of Naples in
1156:
and his family, and Prime
Minister Badoglio, fled from Rome to Brindisi after the surrender. Brindisi at the time was controlled only by the Italian Army, but its quick occupation by British troops secured the safety of the Italian leaders and allowed the declaration of war by Italy against Germany.
1788:
needed the airfield to bring in fighter aircraft from Sicily and support the landings at
Salerno, which had not gone as expected. The Germans continued their withdrawal, and Gioia was reached over the night of the 16/17 September, by the 10th and 156th Parachute battalions. The Royal Air Force took
1649:
were guided safely into the harbour and alongside the jetty, where they disembarked the troops they were carrying, while the other ships in the flotilla remained outside the port and used small ship's boats to take their soldiers ashore. The port's facilities were all in working order and were soon
1336:
to
Taranto from their base in North Africa. They would take advantage of the Italian surrender to capture the port and establish anti-aircraft defences. What was left of the Italian fleet still using the harbour was expected to have left beforehand. The Allies believed that the division would face
1625:
and three cruisers were observed leaving the harbour. The flotilla went to action stations, but the
Italian ships just sailed past them en route to Malta to surrender in accordance with the agreement between the Allies and the Italian government. At 15:00, the flotilla reached the
1793:
were flying from the base in support of Allied operations. Between 20 and 24 September, the 1st
Airborne Division was ordered to halt and construct defences on the approaches to Taranto, due to concerns that the Germans might launch a counterattack against the overextended unit.
1558:
was concerned that the
Italian battle fleet based at Taranto might sortie and attack the cruisers which would be unable to defend themselves adequately, overloaded as they were with troops and equipment. He therefore ordered the
1832:
force and had withdrawn his units north, although he endeavoured to delay the Allied advance where possible by ambushes and roadblocks. The German division went on to frustrate the Allied attempt to advance on Rome during the
2774:
1243:, two divisions from France that had just been reformed, and two parachute divisions based in Germany in his new command. However, a Russian offensive in the east prevented the release of all the units promised.
981:), which engaged the advancing British in ambushes and at roadblocks during a fighting withdrawal north. Eventually, by the end of September, the British 1st Airborne Division advanced 125 miles (201 km) to
926:. The airborne division was selected to undertake the mission, but at the time they were located in North Africa. A shortage of transport aircraft meant the division could not land in their traditional way by
1732:, was hit by a burst of German machine gun fire while observing the 10th Parachute Battalion's attack. He died of his wounds the following day. Hopkinson was replaced as the divisional commander by
1406:, were untried in battle. Also, the 2nd Parachute Brigade was the only full strength unit, as the 4th Parachute Brigade had only two battalions, with its third battalion still forming in Palestine.
689:
1107:
as their immediate objective. The Allies hoped that the invasion would persuade the
Italian forces to surrender. If they did, the five Italian divisions in France and the twenty-nine in the
1809:
at
Taranto the next day. On 24 September, the 1st Parachute and 1st Airlanding brigades took over the advance for the airborne division. By 27 September, they and the 78th Division reached
1116:
2759:
1272:, unaware of what was happening in Germany, had been building up the strength of his forces. He was aided in this by the escape from Sicily of three divisions, which managed to cross the
1874:
1870:
1866:
1828:
had hoped for. The decision by
Heidrich not to oppose the landings was made without reference to Kesselring's headquarters. Heidrich had expected to be confronted by an overwhelming
985:. Reinforcements from two infantry divisions had by then been landed behind them, which allowed the airborne troops to be withdrawn to Taranto. Soon after, the division, minus the
1111:
would have to be replaced by German formations. Also, if the Germans then decided to continue the fight in Italy, they would have to redeploy some of their troops engaged on the
1667:
After safely landing the first half of the division, the 12th Cruiser Squadron returned to Bizerta to collect the remaining troops, consisting of the 2nd Parachute Brigade, the
2769:
682:
1512:
1813:, 125 miles (201 km) from Taranto. From there, the airborne division was withdrawn to Taranto. By November, most of the 1st Airborne Division had left for England.
1284:
moved into northern Italy. After the loss of Sicily, Hitler amended the German plans, deciding to hold the Salerno-Naples area with five infantry divisions, while the
2591:
1398:. Both brigades had suffered heavy casualties in Sicily and were in no condition to undertake any further assault landings. Of the division's other brigades, the
76:
675:
1555:
1769:
without opposition since both cities were still under control of the Italian royal army. On 11 September on the division's left, contact was made with the
1777:
which had arrived in the area from Calabria. By the evening of 12 September, the 1st Airborne Division had advanced 20 miles (32 km) inland on foot.
1337:
only minimal opposition and would be able to overcome any resistance with the limited naval support available, as Taranto was outside the range of Allied
1717:'s assault, but withdrew soon after. The division's first combat casualties resulted from this action. The wounded were evacuated to Taranto, where the
800:
1130:
on the eastern coast. German forces in that area were very weak and would be expected to withdraw rather than fight if the Allies landed there.
265:
units in the division treated 2,150 casualties, between the landing and being withdrawn. Not all of these were from the 1st Airborne Division.
2784:
2779:
1489:
1724:
The German paratroop rearguard tried to delay the British advance with several ambushes and roadblocks. At a roadblock beside the town of
1379:
737:
292:
2569:
The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume V: The Campaign in Sicily 1943 and The Campaign in Italy 3rd September 1943 to 31st March 1944
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established his divisional headquarters in the Albergo Europa Hotel and accepted the Italian surrender from the military governor.
854:
2546:
German Order of Battle, Volume 2: 291st–999th Infantry Divisions, Named Infantry Divisions, and Special Divisions in World War II
1802:
1668:
1493:
1391:
2563:
Molony, Brigadier C.J.C.; with Flynn, Captain F.C. (R.N.); Davies, Major-General H.L. & Gleave, Group Captain T.P. (2004) .
1529:
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1403:
1399:
1371:
1333:
1254:
1248:
986:
901:
839:
785:
715:
214:
210:
2713:
2620:
2553:
2496:
1684:
1122:
During secret surrender negotiations with the Allies in early September, the Italian government offered to open the ports of
962:. The landing was unopposed and the airborne division successfully captured the ports of Taranto, and later Brindisi on the
1409:
There was only sufficient troop transport aircraft to support one division-sized operation, and that was allocated to the
1049:
Operation Husky. The island being completely occupied by the end of August, the Allies next turned their attention to the
2804:
1348:
1313:
1142:
1878:
1093:
2732:
2694:
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2639:
2601:
2596:. Vol. 9 of History of United States Naval Operations in World War II. Champaign: University of Illinois Press.
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headquarters landed at Taranto on 18 September and prepared for the arrival of its two divisions. The first was the
1421:
1258:
1100:
976:
939:
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The Campaigns in the Western Theatre Official History of the Indian Armed Forces in the Second World War, 1939–1945
1862:
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219:
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Planned at short notice, the mission followed an offer by the Italian government to open the ports of Taranto and
1614:
302:
285:
2548:. Stackpole Military History Series. Vol. 2 of German Order of Battle. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books.
1516:
British airborne troops approaching Taranto in a landing craft, during the invasion of Italy, 14 September 1943.
1181:
and has a large harbor. It includes the two islets of St. Peter and St. Paul, which protect the bay, called the
1658:
1360:
905:
805:
592:
2571:. History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series. Uckfield, UK: Naval & Military Press.
1806:
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Within 48 hours of landing at Taranto, the airborne division reached and occupied the port of Brindisi and
1705:
Overnight, the 4th Parachute Brigade led the advance inland. By daybreak on 10 September, they had reached
1240:
1112:
1057:
1551:. The ships departed at 17:00 on 8 September, their decks loaded with the division's vehicles and stores.
2799:
2564:
486:
1152:
This military operation had a major political role, since the leaders of the government, including King
2794:
1733:
1729:
1215:
481:
278:
1886:
1620:
1577:
1387:
1042:
633:
314:
1798:
1781:
1501:
1138:
1089:
1061:
1050:
1006:
893:
742:
581:
394:
32:
1613:
Bombardment Groups. Then, just as the Allied flotilla approached Taranto, the Italian battleships
1834:
1822:
1610:
1588:
1536:
1131:
566:
506:
2789:
1829:
1606:
1570:
1486:
1410:
1085:
1030:
1026:
923:
535:
501:
447:
423:
1770:
1699:
1672:
1359:
Although it had been formed in October 1941, the British 1st Airborne Division, commanded by
1153:
378:
1524:
was divided into two-halves. The first half, consisting of the divisional headquarters, the
819:
2586:
1825:
1702:
anti-tank guns of the 2nd Anti-tank Battery, and the division's reserve ammunition supply.
1602:
1591:
1500:
in the Middle East, would be sent to reinforce the airborne division, under the command of
1309:
1224:
1186:
1134:
645:
586:
571:
2414:
United States Army in World War 2, Mediterranean Theater of Operations, Salerno to Cassino
2018:
1428:
available on such short notice, the division was carried across the Mediterranean by four
8:
1790:
1661:
1367:
1236:
1174:
491:
435:
409:
388:
357:
329:
322:
1344:
1145:, quickly planned a third landing, codenamed Slapstick, to take advantage of the offer.
1395:
1065:
990:
775:
749:
730:
516:
371:
350:
1218:
fully expected Italy to surrender and, in preparation, had secretly established a new
2728:
2709:
2690:
2671:
2654:
2635:
2616:
2597:
2572:
2549:
2530:
2511:
2492:
2470:
2453:
2434:
2417:
1713:, which was still occupied by the Germans. The Germans put up some resistance to the
1479:
1440:
1383:
1317:
1273:
1269:
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1069:
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947:
829:
812:
756:
657:
638:
628:
607:
576:
402:
364:
343:
336:
1424:. As a result, the 1st Airborne Division had to be carried to Italy by sea. With no
2409:
1472:
1363:
1338:
1312:. Withdrawn from the Soviet Union in 1943, the division had already fought against
1301:
1297:
1022:
915:
908:
770:
723:
700:
650:
614:
600:
552:
547:
521:
496:
462:
383:
247:
198:
171:
167:
2485:
1653:
The first units ashore were the headquarters of the 4th Parachute Brigade and the
1785:
1754:
1598:
1540:
1454:
1433:
1417:
1394:, understrength with only two battalions, which had also fought in Sicily during
1305:
1281:
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the west by the Americans, give the Allies supply points on both Italian coasts.
1081:
931:
897:
885:
861:
847:
793:
621:
511:
440:
428:
262:
2613:
Warbirds of the Sea: A History of Aircraft Carriers & Carrier-based Aircraft
1877:
and 4th Parachute Regiments (less detachment) were in Calabria under command of
1587:
and join the flotilla. At 18:30 8 September, while the convoy was at sea,
824:
542:
476:
181:
162:
133:
697:
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1709:, where they were welcomed by the population. The next town they reached was
1563:
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1447:
1425:
1096:
1038:
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91:
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had established an 80-bed main dressing station at the Rendinella hospital.
1766:
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1580:
1293:
1244:
1228:
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1018:
963:
889:
457:
193:
147:
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Naval battles and operations of World War II involving the United Kingdom
2708:. Vol. 73 of Osprey Combat Aircraft. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing.
2450:
On Wings of Healing: the Story of the Airborne Medical Services 1940–1960
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927:
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186:
40:
16:
WW2 British military operation during the Allied invasion of Italy, 1943
1680:
1675:. The only casualties in the landing occurred on 10 September when HMS
1560:
1544:
1461:
1251:, it would be impossible for the Germans to defend the whole of Italy.
1219:
959:
2416:. Washington DC: Defense Department Army, Government Printing Office.
1001:
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negotiated the minefield and entered the harbour. Two hours later,
1277:
1127:
1073:
1046:
951:
270:
1805:, which started arriving at Bari on 22 September, followed by the
1165:
1710:
1548:
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1123:
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943:
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and sank. Casualties totaled 58 killed and 154 wounded from the
1882:
1810:
1780:
The airborne division's next objective was now the airfield at
1232:
1178:
1104:
982:
919:
1881:
while the 3rd Battalion of the 1st Parachute Regiment was in
1584:
1185:("Big Sea"), where the commercial port is located. After the
70:
2725:
Airborne to Battle: A History of Airborne Warfare, 1918–1971
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World War II operations and battles of the Italian Campaign
1762:
1352:
2668:
Paras: An Illustrated History of Britain's Airborne Forces
2632:
The Second World War 1939–1945 Army – Airborne Forces
1276:
without serious loss of men or equipment. In August, five
1088:. The main invasion was planned for 9 September, with the
938:
in the area were already allocated to the other landings:
2592:
History of United States Naval Operations in World War II
1739:, previously the commander of the 2nd Parachute Brigade.
954:. Instead, the division had to be transported across the
2653:. Calcutta: Combined Inter-Services Historical Section.
1247:
came to the conclusion that, without the backing of the
969:
The only German forces in the area were elements of the
2594:: Sicily, Salerno, Anzio, January 1943 – June 1944
2469:. Volume 1 of Elite Series. Oxford: Osprey Publishing.
1728:, Major-General Hopkinson, the 1st Airborne Division's
1597:
To support the British landings early on 9 September,
1374:, which had fought with distinction as an independent
1332:
Plans were formulated on 6 September to transport the
2770:
Military operations of World War II involving Germany
1641:
returned with an Italian harbour pilot on board. HMS
1370:. The only units with any combat experience were the
1193:. The military port was located in another bay, the
2687:
British Naval Aviation: the Fleet Air Arm 1917–1990
2484:
1821:Operation Slapstick did not provide the diversion
1103:on the western coast in Operation Avalanche, with
892:. The operation, one of three landings during the
884:for a British landing from the sea at the Italian
1679:, while manoeuvring alongside the dock, struck a
1576:and their six escorting destroyers, commanded by
1199:the Royal Navy attacked the naval base in Taranto
2751:
2491:. New York: Marshall Cavendish Benchmark. 2010.
1630:guarding the entrance to Taranto. The destroyer
1594:broadcast the details of the Italian surrender.
1261:(Fallschirmjäger) of Fallschirmjäger-Regiment 1.
2508:Wings of War – Airborne Warfare 1918–1945
2431:The Encyclopaedia of Codenames of World War II
2089:
2087:
683:
286:
2038:
2036:
1320:. However, on 9 September only three combat
2205:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2004:
2002:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1869:(less a battalion) plus a battalion of the
2684:
2505:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2084:
1789:over the airfield and 48 hours later, six
699:British airborne forces operations of the
690:
676:
293:
279:
2630:Otway, Lieutenant-Colonel T.B.H. (1990).
2408:
2346:
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2342:
2189:
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2181:
2179:
2177:
2137:
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2033:
138:
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2379:
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2267:
2196:
2158:
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1999:
1992:
1990:
1948:
1857:
1855:
1741:
1511:
1366:, had never before fought as a complete
1343:
1253:
1164:
1000:
989:, sailed for England in preparation for
2722:
2703:
2585:
2543:
2248:
1971:
1969:
1967:
2752:
2648:
2339:
2174:
2144:
2132:
2045:
1189:, Taranto became the main base of the
2689:. London: Arms and Armour Press Ltd.
2629:
2428:
2376:
2353:
2264:
2153:
1987:
1852:
1685:6th (Royal Welch) Parachute Battalion
1492:. If the landing was successful, the
1324:and the headquarters were in Apulia.
896:in September 1943, was undertaken by
671:
274:
2524:
2447:
1964:
1201:, sinking some Italian battleships.
300:
2785:Parachute Regiment (United Kingdom)
2780:Airborne operations of World War II
2615:. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing.
2510:. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
1173:Taranto is the capital city of the
13:
1288:was ordered to the Apulia region.
14:
2816:
2743:
2670:. Stroud, UK: Sutton Publishing.
1918:Molony, p. 243 (footnote 1).
1719:133rd (Parachute) Field Ambulance
1327:
801:Caen canal and Orne river bridges
2529:. London: Buchan & Enright.
2452:. Edinburgh: William Blackwood.
1209:
1169:Taranto naval base in the 1930s.
192:
180:
161:
140:
126:
39:
2765:Italian campaign (World War II)
2634:. London: Imperial War Museum.
2388:
2367:
2330:
2321:
2312:
2303:
2294:
2285:
2276:
2239:
2230:
2221:
2212:
2165:
2123:
2114:
2105:
2096:
2075:
2066:
2057:
2011:
2706:B-26 Marauder Units of the MTO
2527:Montgomery in Europe 1943–1945
1978:
1939:
1930:
1921:
1912:
1903:
1803:British 78th Infantry Division
1771:1st Canadian Infantry Division
1494:British 78th Infantry Division
1:
2401:
1751:1st Airlanding Light Regiment
1334:British 1st Airborne Division
996:
902:British 1st Airborne Division
1816:
1807:8th Indian Infantry Division
1520:Before leaving Tunisia, the
1498:8th Indian Infantry Division
1041:successfully launched their
993:, the invasion of Normandy.
7:
2649:Prasad, Bisheshwar (1956).
2611:Musciano, Walter A (1994).
2429:Chant, Christopher (1986).
1411:U.S. 82nd Airborne Division
1117:occupation duties in France
256:None during initial landing
10:
2821:
2805:Military history of Apulia
2544:Mitcham, Samuel W (2007).
2506:Harclerode, Peter (2005).
1996:Sturtivant, pp. 48–50
1773:, the leading unit of the
1507:
1222:headquarters commanded by
1204:
1160:
1072:from Sicily and landed in
946:on the western coast, and
2723:Tugwell, Maurice (1971).
2487:Global Chaos World War II
2465:Ferguson, Gregor (1984).
2218:Morison, pp. 235–236
1936:Blumenson, pp. 30–31
1715:156th Parachute Battalion
1698:was also carrying twelve
1601:was attacked by American
1583:, to leave their base in
1478:and the American cruiser
1388:Allied invasion of Sicily
1056:On 3 September 1943, the
710:
312:
260:
225:
204:
154:
119:
92:40.4709806°N 17.2361750°E
49:
38:
30:
25:
2685:Sturtivant, Ray (1990).
2666:Reynolds, David (1998).
2102:Micham, pp. 291–292
1840:
1655:10th Parachute Battalion
1235:. Rommel would have six
1139:Supreme Allied Commander
1029:. Two months later, the
1007:Allied invasion of Italy
966:coast in working order.
894:Allied invasion of Italy
33:Allied invasion of Italy
2448:Cole, Howard N (1963).
2300:Harclerode, p. 262
1887:Hermann Göring Division
1835:Battle of Monte Cassino
1060:, under the command of
45:Aerial view of Taranto.
2704:Styling, Mark (2008).
2525:Lamb, Richard (1984).
2373:Blumenson, p. 173
2318:Blumenson, p. 172
2261:Blumenson, p. 114
1984:Blumenson, p. 113
1871:4th Parachute Regiment
1867:1st Parachute Regiment
1865:had under command its
1863:1st Parachute Division
1758:
1669:1st Airlanding Brigade
1517:
1392:1st Airlanding Brigade
1356:
1286:1st Parachute Division
1262:
1170:
1080:to seize the ports of
1027:North African Campaign
1010:
971:1st Parachute Division
220:1st Parachute Division
155:Commanders and leaders
97:40.4709806; 17.2361750
2587:Morison, Samuel Eliot
2433:. London: Routledge.
2385:Cavendish, p. 17
2227:Blumenson, p. 73
2162:Blumenson, p. 95
2120:Blumenson, p. 33
2081:Blumenson, p. 86
2072:Blumenson, p. 83
2063:Blumenson, p. 82
2042:Blumenson, p. 79
2008:Musciano, p. 166
1975:Blumenson, p. 94
1961:Blumenson, p. 60
1945:Blumenson, p. 26
1927:Blumenson, p. 23
1885:under command of the
1745:
1673:Glider Pilot Regiment
1650:unloading the ships.
1556:Sir Andrew Cunningham
1522:1st Airborne Division
1515:
1468:, accompanied by the
1466:12th Cruiser Squadron
1372:1st Parachute Brigade
1347:
1257:
1239:transferred from the
1168:
1154:Vittorio Emanuele III
1025:were defeated in the
1004:
987:2nd Parachute Brigade
840:2nd Parachute Brigade
786:6th Airborne Division
716:1st Airborne Division
594:1945 Spring Offensive
226:Casualties and losses
215:12th Cruiser Squadron
211:1st Airborne Division
2364:Reynolds, p. 38
2336:Cole, pp. 54–55
2273:Reynolds, p. 37
2245:Morison, p. 256
2171:Tugwell, p. 168
2150:Ferguson, p. 13
2141:Ferguson, p. 11
2093:Mitcham, p. 281
2019:"History of Taranto"
1909:Cole, pp. 55–56
1879:26th Panzer Division
1687:, and 48 dead among
1592:Dwight D. Eisenhower
1553:Admiral of the Fleet
1318:operations in Sicily
1267:Generalfeldmarschall
1225:Generalfeldmarschall
1197:. In November 1940,
1187:unification of Italy
1135:Dwight D. Eisenhower
806:Merville Gun Battery
424:Armistice with Italy
2394:Prasad, p. 368
2236:Styling, p. 25
2129:Ferguson, p. 9
2111:Micham, p. 281
1775:British Eighth Army
1757:in action in Italy.
1747:75 mm howitzer
1662:George F. Hopkinson
1485:, all commanded by
1349:British paratrooper
1216:German High Command
1175:Province of Taranto
1058:British Eighth Army
940:Operation Avalanche
878:Operation Slapstick
88: /
26:Operation Slapstick
2800:History of Taranto
2727:. London: Kimber.
2309:Otway, p. 133
2209:Chant, p. 254
1861:On 9 September HQ
1759:
1518:
1496:in Sicily and the
1396:Operation Ladbroke
1357:
1314:British paratroops
1263:
1171:
1101:landing at Salerno
1094:Lieutenant General
1066:Bernard Montgomery
1043:invasion of Sicily
1011:
991:Operation Overlord
316:Invasion of Sicily
2795:Conflicts in 1943
2715:978-1-84603-307-0
2622:978-0-88740-583-9
2565:Butler, Sir James
2555:978-0-8117-3437-0
2498:978-0-7614-4948-5
2467:The Paras 1940–84
2410:Blumenson, Martin
1537:9th Field Company
1420:, as part of the
1404:4th Para Brigades
1384:Operation Fustian
1341:based in Sicily.
1274:Strait of Messina
1270:Albert Kesselring
1265:In Italy, German
1259:German paratroops
1177:in the region of
1078:Operation Baytown
1070:Strait of Messina
1051:invasion of Italy
1013:In May 1943, the
1005:Locations of the
948:Operation Baytown
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396:Invasion of Italy
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1755:Royal Artillery
1691:
1541:Royal Engineers
1510:
1418:Matthew Ridgway
1330:
1212:
1207:
1163:
1092:, commanded by
1090:U.S. Fifth Army
999:
977:Fallschirmjäger
904:, commanded by
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886:port of Taranto
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80:40°28′15.53″N
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2023:. Retrieved
2013:
1980:
1941:
1932:
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1914:
1905:
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1779:
1760:
1726:Castellaneta
1723:
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1642:
1638:
1633:
1621:
1616:Andrea Doria
1615:
1596:
1581:Arthur Power
1578:Vice Admiral
1572:
1565:
1519:
1481:
1474:
1456:
1449:
1442:
1435:
1408:
1380:North Africa
1358:
1331:
1310:Soviet Union
1294:Generalmajor
1292:
1290:
1266:
1264:
1249:Italian Army
1245:Adolf Hitler
1229:Erwin Rommel
1223:
1213:
1194:
1191:Italian Navy
1182:
1172:
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1086:San Giovanni
1055:
1019:Nazi Germany
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731:
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656:
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622:
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593:
591:
558:
557:
537:Chesterfield
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468:
467:
458:Barbara Line
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410:
403:
395:
393:
372:
365:
358:
351:
344:
337:
330:
323:
315:
249:
240:
232:British Army
231:
173:
120:Belligerents
31:Part of the
18:
1737:Ernest Down
1561:battleships
1386:during the
1355:, May 1943.
1351:armed with
1195:Mar Piccolo
1015:Axis powers
888:during the
634:Argenta Gap
560:Gothic Line
470:Winter Line
238:154 wounded
187:Ernest Down
95: /
2754:Categories
2402:References
1826:Eisenhower
1545:Royal Navy
1490:W.G. Agnew
1462:Royal Navy
1390:, and the
1322:battalions
1220:Army group
1183:Mar Grande
1097:Mark Clark
997:Background
960:Royal Navy
646:Collecchio
587:Garfagnana
572:San Marino
487:San Pietro
241:Royal Navy
2659:164872723
2422:631290895
1897:Citations
1846:Footnotes
1837:in 1944.
1817:Aftermath
1791:squadrons
1734:Brigadier
1632:HMS
1628:minefield
1605:from the
1571:HMS
1564:HMS
1547:ships at
1487:Commodore
1480:USS
1473:HMS
1470:minelayer
1455:HMS
1448:HMS
1441:HMS
1434:HMS
1237:divisions
1047:codenamed
928:parachute
882:code name
765:Slapstick
463:Bari raid
418:Slapstick
411:Avalanche
389:Centuripe
359:Narcissus
331:Mincemeat
324:Corkscrew
248:HMS
2589:(2001).
2458:29847628
2412:(1969).
2021:. Italia
1707:Massafra
1694:s crew.
1671:and the
1645:and USS
1643:Penelope
1599:Scanzano
1535:and the
1443:Penelope
1430:cruisers
1413:, under
1368:division
1353:Sten gun
1280:and two
1278:infantry
1128:Brindisi
1074:Calabria
1037:and the
979:Division
964:Adriatic
952:Calabria
916:Brindisi
880:was the
820:Bréville
777:Doomsday
751:Ladbroke
732:Freshman
530:Strangle
517:Cisterna
373:Ladbroke
352:Chestnut
62:Location
2567:(ed.).
1823:General
1799:V Corps
1765:on the
1749:of the
1711:Mottola
1639:Javelin
1634:Javelin
1589:General
1549:Bizerta
1508:Landing
1502:V Corps
1460:of the
1382:and in
1376:brigade
1316:during
1205:Prelude
1161:Taranto
1141:in the
1132:General
1124:Taranto
1109:Balkans
1076:during
1062:General
944:Salerno
922:to the
918:on the
900:of the
831:Varsity
814:Mallard
758:Fustian
651:Trieste
640:Herring
629:Bologna
609:Tombola
577:Gemmano
404:Baytown
366:Fustian
345:Animals
338:Barclay
245:48 dead
236:58 dead
174:†
148:Germany
67:Taranto
2731:
2712:
2693:
2674:
2657:
2638:
2619:
2600:
2575:
2552:
2533:
2514:
2495:
2473:
2456:
2437:
2420:
2025:3 July
1883:Naples
1873:. Its
1830:Allied
1811:Foggia
1784:. The
1696:Abdiel
1689:Abdiel
1677:Abdiel
1622:Duilio
1475:Abdiel
1457:Sirius
1436:Aurora
1302:Greece
1233:Munich
1179:Apulia
1137:, the
1115:or on
1105:Naples
1082:Reggio
983:Foggia
932:glider
924:Allies
771:Arnhem
725:Biting
616:Bowler
602:Encore
567:Rimini
548:Ancona
523:Diadem
502:Rapido
497:Ortona
436:Naples
384:Troina
250:Abdiel
170:
145:
131:
108:Result
1841:Notes
1692:'
1647:Boise
1611:310th
1585:Malta
1482:Boise
1306:Crete
863:Manna
856:Rugby
849:Hasty
795:Tonga
623:Roast
512:Anzio
442:Devon
430:Achse
71:Italy
2729:ISBN
2710:ISBN
2691:ISBN
2672:ISBN
2655:OCLC
2636:ISBN
2617:ISBN
2598:ISBN
2573:ISBN
2550:ISBN
2531:ISBN
2512:ISBN
2493:ISBN
2471:ISBN
2454:OCLC
2435:ISBN
2418:OCLC
2027:2011
1797:The
1763:Bari
1681:mine
1619:and
1609:and
1607:17th
1569:and
1566:Howe
1528:and
1453:and
1450:Dido
1402:and
1304:and
1214:The
1126:and
1084:and
1064:Sir
1021:and
930:and
825:Bure
553:Elba
492:Moro
379:Gela
261:The
253:sunk
54:Date
1875:3rd
1730:GOC
1526:1st
1464:'s
1400:2nd
1378:in
1231:at
1033:of
1017:of
975:1.
950:at
942:at
2756::
2378:^
2355:^
2341:^
2266:^
2250:^
2198:^
2176:^
2155:^
2134:^
2086:^
2047:^
2035:^
2001:^
1989:^
1966:^
1950:^
1854:^
1753:,
1539:,
1504:.
1446:,
1439:,
1432:,
1119:.
1099:,
1053:.
1045:,
911:.
69:,
2737:.
2718:.
2699:.
2680:.
2661:.
2644:.
2625:.
2606:.
2581:.
2558:.
2539:.
2520:.
2501:.
2479:.
2460:.
2443:.
2424:.
2029:.
1889:.
1009:.
973:(
691:e
684:t
677:v
294:e
287:t
280:v
243::
234::
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