805:, written by Julia Toppin in 2023, she explains, "the process of modifying jungle's name can be viewed as an 'act of resignifying the otherness' to disassociate it from black people and the racist media narratives containing race, drugs, and violence with jungle music and the scene." The jungle scene had always been portrayed in a negative light due to its affiliation with the rave scene and especially because of the black people associated with the music. The security and drug incidents at jungle events typically seemed to attract more police attention than other EDM genres, though the same trouble would happen in any other raves attended by predominately white audiences. With the emergence of drum and bass, the previous biases against jungle intensified while drum and bass's popularity grew rapidly in mainstream media. In her article, Toppin highlights the sonic marginalization that occurred during the late 1990s, with black jungle ravers declined entry at night clubs and DJs being shadow-banned from playing jungle at venues. This would lead to jungle's return to the underground at the end of the decade.
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663:, even though it was heavily influenced by these other rave styles, including those from the United States. Jungle was also seen as "England's answer to hip-hop", aimed at breaking down racial boundaries and promoting unification through its multiculturalism by drawing from different cultures and attracting mixed crowds at raves. Jungle's rhythm-as-melody style overturned the dominance of melody-over-rhythm in the hierarchy of Western music, adding to its radical nature.
200:, where a consistent pulse facilitates a trance-like state for the listener, jungle introduces a palpable sense of jeopardy. The accustomed safety net is forsaken in favour of an inherent risk, prompting a recalibration of one's movement and a heightened state of vigilance. This distinctive edginess associated with jungle proved instrumental in redirecting the allegiance of numerous ravers away from the
442:. Controversy raged over the success of "Incredible" when Levy reportedly made comments in the media that he was "running jungle at the moment". Although Levy always argued that his comments were misinterpreted, this did not fail to stop a boycott of the single amongst a group of DJs that were dubbed as the "Jungle Committee". Labels such as Ibiza, 3rd Party and Kemet were prolific in their releases.
797:). During this time, a false dichotomy was established between drum and bass and jungle, with the former for white ravers and the latter for black ravers. The sub-genre of drum and bass developed to be quicker, more industrial, less danceable yet was seen as more 'accessible and commercial' than jungle, as cited in an article by
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The term "jungle" is often used as a synonym for drum and bass, particularly in the United States. More commonly, jungle is viewed as the originating point for drum and bass, with the progressive changes brought by artists in the late 1990s serving as the point of diversion (some examples being Trace
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According to MC Navigator from Kool FM, 'jungle' comes from 'junglist', and was first heard in 1991 as a sample used by Rebel MC. "Rebel got this chant - all the junglists - from a yard-tape" referring to the sound-system mix-tapes imported from
Jamaica. "When Rebel sampled that, the people cottoned
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The UK is still the spiritual home and nucleus of jungle to this day. An event called
Rupture gained popularity between 2007 and the present for hosting and promoting more traditional styled jungle/drum & bass music and artists. The event and subsequent label have promoted new producers such as
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The early to mid-2000s saw a jungle revival in the emerging drum-funk subgenre, with labels such as
Scientific Wax, Bassbin Records and Paradox Music pushing for a more breaks orientated sound. Technicality and Bassbin events in London were spearheading this return to more traditional elements of
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of the early 1990s had left many young people, particularly London's lower-class urban youth, disenfranchised and disillusioned with a seemingly crumbling societal structure. Jungle reflected these feelings, as it was a notably more dark, less euphoric style of music than many of the other styles
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Jungle music, as a scene, was unable to decide whether it wanted to be recognised in the mainstream or if it wanted to avoid misrepresentation. This manifested in the cooperation of jungle artists and small record labels. Small record labels worked to provide more autonomy to the music artists in
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The infiltration of hardcore B-boys into the rave scene was catalyst for "the messy birth-pangs of
Britain's very own equivalent to US hip hop: jungle." The UK B-boy's removal from American racial tensions made hip-hop's sample and beat-making more attractive than the "protest side of rap," and
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return for their business and jungle music was proliferated by pirate stations in underground networks and clubs. Whilst the media would in part feed off jungle music success, it also perpetuated negative stereotypes about the scene as being violent. The seminal 1994
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genres converge. Reynolds noted the audience of the genre evolved alongside the music itself; going from a "sweaty, shirtless white teenager, grinning and gurning" to a "head nodding, stylishly dressed black twenty something with hooded-eyes, holding a
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scene of the early 1990s was beginning to fragment by 1992/1993, with different influences becoming less common together in tracks. The piano and uplifting vocal style that was prevalent in breakbeat hardcore started to lay down the foundations of
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During 1992 and 1993, the phrases "jungle techno" and "hardcore jungle" proliferated to describe that shift of the music from breakbeat hardcore to jungle. The sound was championed at clubs such as AWOL, Roast, and
Telepathy, by
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A thriving underground movement producing and developing tracks in the style of the 1990s and some original (though mostly mainstream drum and bass) jungle producers have noticed this new enthusiasm for the original sound.
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At Ibiza
Records, Paul was tired of foreign sounds running the British dance scene. That's when Ibiza Records started. Paul fused the bleeps and breaks with reggae b-lines. The sound elements worked. The reggae influence
838:, Dead Man's Chest and Sully, and the scene is very much thriving. As well as old heads and artists coming out of retirement, modern jungle is enjoyed by the younger generations who missed jungle the first time around.
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Moreover, the greater accessibility to sampling technology allowed young people to create music in their homes by incorporating their own sampling and experiences, rather than needing a grand recording studio.
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What's acknowledged to be the earliest jungle tune, despite its lack of toasting, dates from 1989. Built on a ragga bassline, "We Are I.E." by young London Lennie De-Ice rules dancefloors.
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were instrumental in the transition of the jungle sound to drum and bass. By the end of 1998, the genre's sound had changed forms significantly from the sound heard earlier in the decade.
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He said it was 'hardcore-jungle-techno'. It was known for that for several months... just dropping of all the other words. We'd had hardcore and techno... but this was 'jungle'.
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show in early 1994 and featured DJs on rotation including Kenny Ken Jumpin Jack Frost, DJ Randall, DJ Rap, and Mickey Finn. A year later, the UK's nationwide broadcaster
1051:"Moose was the first person I heard using the word 'jungle'. It just came to us. Original hardcore jungle. Like you was in Africa. Like something tribal. It just came.
238:). Some thought of this term as empowering, an assertion of the blackness of the music and its subculture, inverting the racist history of the term "jungle music".
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and rap fans alike. Simon
Reynolds described it as causing fear and "for many ravers, too funky to dance" yet the club scene enjoyed every second.
263:. Reggae samples and reggae-influenced tracks had been a feature of many breakbeat hardcore tracks since 1990, particularly from producers such as
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on steroids." This is an example of the effects of the sonic diaspora and the wide influence musical genres have; Jungle is where these different
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influence. It would become a major subgenre during 1994 and 1995, with popular tracks such as "Incredible" by M-Beat featuring
General Levy, "
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They didn't know what they were going to label this type of music. They didn't care. They were specialising in heavy reggae with breakbeats.
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in one hand and a bottle of champagne in the other". Jungle also served as "a site for a battle between contesting notions of blackness".
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Jungle reached the peak of its popularity in 1994/1995. At this stage, the genre was achieving a number of UK top 40 hits, most notably "
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389:. Musically, jungle's spatialised production, bass quake pressure and battery of extreme sonic effects, make it a sort of postmodern
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Even more common, especially in jungle/drum 'n' bass, is a break ... which fans and musicians commonly refer to as the 'Amen' break.
230:, MC Navigator is quoted as attributing the word to him. Others such as MC Five-O attribute it to MC Moose, whilst Rob Playford (of
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and multi-tiered rhythms, Jungle drew support not only from
British b-boys who got swept up into the rave scene, but also from
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Techniques and styles could be traced to such a vast group of influencers, each adding their own little elements. According to
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1996 and 1997 saw a less reggae-influenced sound and a darker, grittier, and more sinister soundscape. Hip-hop and
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popular at raves. The music was much more popular with black
British youths than other rave styles, such as
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279:" by Lennie De-Ice is often credited as being the track that laid down the foundations for jungle with its
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370:, "A London Sumtin" by Code 071, "Learning from My Brother" by Family of Intelligence, "Lion of Judah" by
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259:, whilst tracks with dark-themed samples and industrial-style stabs had emerged from late 1992 and named
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fueled the more hyper sound that was passed down to jungle, even after the drug was left for marijuana.
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spurred on their interest in the rave scene. Alongside their 'sampladelic' taste, raving B-boys' use of
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Having previously been confined to pirate radio, legal stations woke up to jungle from 1994. London's
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artists, but continued to release more underground jungle tracks — the latter adopting the alias
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603:. Popular tracks of this subgenre include "Dred Bass" by Dead Dred, "Super Sharp Shooter" by
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Zuberi, Nabeel (2001). "Black Whole Styles: Sound, Technology, and Diaspora Aesthetics".
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339:(regarded as being the most instrumental station in the development of jungle) but also
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1187:"IT'S A WAY OF LIFE': Darren Jay Talks 30 years of AWOL // Interview - Goat Shed"
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Unlocking the groove: Rhythm, meter, and musical design in electronic dance music
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Major labels such as Sony and BMG were signing deals with artists including
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2015:
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Energy Flash: Energy Flash: A Journey Through Rave Music and Dance Culture
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sampling dancefloor-oriented jungle. The underground classic "Burial" by
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Sounds of Paranoia Trip-Hop, Tricky, and Pre-Millennium Tension, 1990-97
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880:"'The Time Has Come, Exodus!': Congo Natty and the Jungle (r)evolution"
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Departing from the customary predictability found in machine-generated
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Modulations: A history of electronic music. Throbbing Words on Sound
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Toppin, Julia (2023). "Jungle: A Critical Intersectional History".
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Toppin, Julia (2023). "Jungle: A Critical Intersectional History".
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Toppin, Julia (2023). "Jungle: A Critical Intersectional History".
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Toppin, Julia (2023). "Jungle: A Critical Intersectional History".
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Ragga jungle is a fusion genre that combines jungle with a heavy
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935:"These are the drum 'n' bass sub-genres that you need to know"
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Altered States: The History of Ecstasy Culture and Acid House
994:
Generation Ecstasy: Into the World of Techno and Rave Culture
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1838:"Chase & Status announce brand new album RTRN II Jungle"
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Energy Flash: A Journey Through Rave Music and Dance Culture
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capitalised on the current trend of jungle with their album
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Sounds Like London: 100 Years of Black Music in the Capital
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Exploring the Spiritual in Popular Music: Beatified Beats
350:, with notable releases including "Darkage" by DJ Solo, "
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All Crews: Journeys Through Jungle/Drum and Bass Culture
518:-influenced tracks dominated the clubs in this period.
220:
is often noted for having popularised the term, and in
131:
1636:"20 Essential Jungle Tunes Everyone Should Know About"
595:
would also become a popular subgenre that came out of
571:, "Sound Murderer / RIP" by Remarc, "Limb by Limb" by
346:
Tracks would span breakbeat styles, particularly with
1205:"Gone To A Rave#43: The Untold Story Of Renk Records"
1703:
216:
The origin of the word jungle is one of discussion.
1803:
1033:
on, and soon they started to call the music jungle.
871:
898:
434:, and spawned a series of CD compilations such as
157:, and synthesised effects, combined with the deep
2203:
204:scene, steering them back towards the embrace of
189:recordings. Jungle was a direct precursor to the
4297:
1604:"7 jungle classics that still tear up the dance"
1273:"Exclusive: General Levy's 'Incredible' Journey"
817:Congo Natty, Jungle Revolution album tour, 2013
761:
1537:Tracks of All Time, according to General Levy"
1385:"All Junglists! A London Somet'ing Dis (1994)"
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615:Remix) by Remarc and DJ Zinc's remix of the
275:influence solidly into releases. The track "
1330:"Gone To A Rave #41: Kemet & 3rd Party"
1227:
1090:Sounds English: Transnational Popular Music
808:
2196:
2182:
2071:
2057:
1939:
1925:
1727:Black Music in Britain in the 21st Century
1697:Black Music in Britain in the 21st Century
1682:Black Music in Britain in the 21st Century
1667:Black Music in Britain in the 21st Century
803:Black Music in Britain in the 21st Century
480:would achieve wider commercial success as
4271:Music technology (electronic and digital)
877:
181:. Many producers frequently sampled the "
1714:. New York: Serpent's Tail. p. 257.
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1806:"Congo Natty and the jungle revolution"
1139:
965:
358:, "Set Me Free" by Potential Bad Boy, "
161:, melodies, and vocal samples found in
14:
4298:
1888:State of Bass: Jungle the story so far
1724:
1709:
1694:
1679:
1664:
1285:from the original on 26 September 2020
1087:
932:
896:
730:" by M-Beat, "The Helicopter Tune" by
702:, "Lover to Lover / Maximum Style" by
694:Notable releases include: "Burial" by
457:finally gave jungle a platform on its
405:
193:genre which emerged in the mid-1990s.
145:, the style is characterised by rapid
2177:
2052:
1920:
1358:
1303:
1156:
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1074:
890:
738:, "Sovereign Melody / Lion Heart" by
271:were arguably the first to bring the
1850:from the original on 9 November 2020
1426:from the original on 23 October 2020
1416:"A London Some'ting Dis Documentary"
905:, Indiana University Press, p.
549:
185:" or other breakbeats from funk and
141:culture in the 1990s. Emerging from
1818:from the original on 23 August 2020
1804:Ben Beaumont-Thomas (4 July 2013).
1456:from the original on 11 August 2020
926:
689:
24:
1865:
1308:. Boxtree. pp. 35–36, 61–62.
1165:(1st ed.). pp. 237–254.
1151:
579:, and "Code Red / Champion DJ" by
25:
4352:
4276:Recording studio as an instrument
1946:
1785:from the original on 14 June 2020
1646:from the original on 14 June 2020
1616:from the original on 14 June 2020
1584:from the original on 14 June 2020
1549:from the original on 14 June 2020
1340:from the original on 15 June 2020
1215:from the original on 15 June 2020
947:from the original on 21 June 2023
267:, however Ibiza Records, and the
3434:Christian electronic dance music
1572:"The 20 best jungle tracks ever"
1506:"All Black – Jungle Fever - 4:3"
1486:from the original on 8 June 2023
970:. Caipirinha. pp. 132–134.
841:One of the scene's originators,
758:, and "Tiger Style" by DJ Hype.
234:) attributes it to MC Mad P (of
1830:
1797:
1765:
1753:from the original on 7 May 2021
1733:
1718:
1688:
1673:
1658:
1628:
1596:
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1527:
1516:from the original on 2023-05-16
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984:
959:
933:Murphy, Ben (4 January 2018).
13:
1:
4331:Electronic dance music genres
4239:Electronic musical instrument
2078:
1773:"10 killer new jungle tracks"
1121:Belle-Fortune, Brian (2004).
1103:Belle-Fortune, Brian (2004).
1063:Belle-Fortune, Brian (2004).
1045:Belle-Fortune, Brian (2004).
865:
746:, "The Victory / Lovable" by
496:would see a major release on
762:Crossover with drum and bass
211:
7:
1363:. Boxtree. pp. 58–60.
734:, "Super Sharp Shooter" by
714:, "All the Crew Big Up" by
82:Early 1990s, United Kingdom
10:
4357:
765:
586:
241:
130:that developed out of the
4261:Electronics in rock music
4222:Digital audio workstation
4204:
4119:
3978:
3971:
3931:
3700:
3411:
2858:
2571:
2435:
2350:
2243:
2229:
2212:
2086:
1954:
86:
78:
37:
32:
27:Genre of electronic music
1710:Collin, Matthew (1997).
1247:Reynolds, Simon (1998).
1161:Reynolds, Simon (1998).
1026:Reynolds, Simon (1998).
991:Reynolds, Simon (1999).
897:Butler, Mark J. (2006),
809:Re-emergent jungle scene
4336:English styles of music
4169:Progressive electronica
3209:Intelligent dance music
2337:Sound system (Jamaican)
1140:Bradley, Lloyd (2013).
966:Shapiro, Peter (2000).
509:A London Some 'Ting Dis
488:to continue to release
414:All Junglists, seminal
4316:1990s in British music
2490:List of hip hop genres
2216:Electronic dance music
1843:Red Bull Music Academy
1741:"The return of jungle"
1609:Red Bull Music Academy
1359:James, Martin (1997).
1304:James, Martin (1997).
940:Red Bull Music Academy
878:Rambarran, S. (2021).
818:
419:
2652:Electronic body music
2300:Electroacoustic music
1901:Brian Belle-Fortune,
1452:. 21 September 2016.
1003:10.4324/9780203824962
816:
670:Characterised by the
647:Sociocultural context
413:
352:Valley of the Shadows
343:, Rush, and Rude FM.
3949:Hyperpop microgenres
2613:Contemporary R&B
3559:Mainstream hardcore
2933:Chopped and screwed
2322:Elektronische Musik
2276:List of rock genres
2207:-based music styles
1612:. 31 January 2018.
1535:"The 10 Best Jungle
1281:. 19 January 2015.
834:Forest Drive West,
754:, "The Lighter" by
567:" by UK Apachi and
466:A Guy Called Gerald
406:Rise and popularity
374:, and "Be Free" by
364:A Guy Called Gerald
331:, and Renk, and on
3768:Kawaii future bass
3748:Deconstructed club
2901:Breakbeat hardcore
2793:Martial industrial
2783:Industrial hip hop
2664:Ethnic electronica
2647:Electro-industrial
2163:Progressive breaks
2111:Breakbeat hardcore
1890:, Boxtree, 1997. (
1875:, Picador, 1998. (
1846:. 15 August 2018.
1642:. 20 August 2017.
1144:. Serpent's Tail.
854:Chase & Status
819:
607:, "This Style" by
420:
248:breakbeat hardcore
153:percussive loops,
143:breakbeat hardcore
45:Breakbeat hardcore
4293:
4292:
4289:
4288:
4217:Data sonification
3967:
3966:
3954:Plugg microgenres
3939:Breakcore revival
3904:Slowed and reverb
3584:Post-punk revival
3285:Progressive house
3204:Industrial techno
2876:Asian underground
2808:Power electronics
2584:Alternative dance
2443:Afro/cosmic music
2398:Psychedelic music
2171:
2170:
2046:
2045:
1905:, Vision, 2004. (
1781:. 22 March 2018.
1749:. 21 March 2018.
1545:. 19 March 2019.
1422:. 19 March 2013.
1191:Goatshedmusic.com
916:978-0-253-34662-9
847:Jungle Revolution
698:, "Dangerous" by
550:Popular subgenres
459:One in the Jungle
335:stations such as
265:Shut Up and Dance
117:
116:
38:Stylistic origins
16:(Redirected from
4348:
4189:Video game music
4038:Acid house party
3976:
3975:
3923:Weird SoundCloud
3810:Melbourne bounce
3628:Shangaan electro
3189:Harsh noise wall
2948:Digital hardcore
2788:Industrial metal
2408:Psychedelic rock
2403:Psychedelic funk
2393:Progressive rock
2327:Live electronics
2310:Musique concrète
2305:Acousmatic music
2251:Amplified guitar
2241:
2240:
2236:decade of origin
2198:
2191:
2184:
2175:
2174:
2073:
2066:
2059:
2050:
2049:
1941:
1934:
1927:
1918:
1917:
1871:Simon Reynolds,
1860:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1834:
1828:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1801:
1795:
1794:
1792:
1790:
1769:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1758:
1737:
1731:
1730:
1722:
1716:
1715:
1707:
1701:
1700:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1677:
1671:
1670:
1662:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1632:
1626:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1600:
1594:
1593:
1591:
1589:
1568:
1562:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1531:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1521:
1502:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1472:
1466:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1420:Rave-archive.com
1412:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1402:
1393:. Archived from
1381:
1375:
1374:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1345:
1336:. 5 April 2017.
1326:
1320:
1319:
1301:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1269:
1263:
1262:
1244:
1225:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1211:. 5 April 2017.
1201:
1195:
1194:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1158:
1149:
1148:
1137:
1131:
1130:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1100:
1094:
1093:
1085:
1072:
1071:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1042:
1036:
1035:
1023:
1017:
1016:
988:
982:
981:
963:
957:
956:
954:
952:
930:
924:
923:
904:
894:
888:
887:
875:
742:, "Everyman" by
690:Notable releases
418:documentary 1994
366:, "Crackman" by
319:, record labels
128:electronic music
87:Derivative forms
79:Cultural origins
30:
29:
21:
18:Oldschool jungle
4356:
4355:
4351:
4350:
4349:
4347:
4346:
4345:
4341:Music in London
4296:
4295:
4294:
4285:
4200:
4137:Chill-out music
4115:
3963:
3927:
3696:
3407:
3270:Nu skool breaks
2854:
2567:
2502:Industrial rock
2431:
2373:Electronic rock
2346:
2261:Hawaiian guitar
2234:
2225:
2208:
2202:
2172:
2167:
2158:Nu skool breaks
2082:
2077:
2047:
2042:
1950:
1945:
1868:
1866:Further reading
1863:
1853:
1851:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1821:
1819:
1802:
1798:
1788:
1786:
1771:
1770:
1766:
1756:
1754:
1739:
1738:
1734:
1723:
1719:
1708:
1704:
1693:
1689:
1678:
1674:
1663:
1659:
1649:
1647:
1634:
1633:
1629:
1619:
1617:
1602:
1601:
1597:
1587:
1585:
1580:. 23 May 2018.
1570:
1569:
1565:
1552:
1550:
1533:
1532:
1528:
1519:
1517:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1489:
1487:
1482:. 11 May 2017.
1474:
1473:
1469:
1459:
1457:
1444:
1443:
1439:
1429:
1427:
1414:
1413:
1409:
1400:
1398:
1397:on May 18, 2017
1383:
1382:
1378:
1371:
1357:
1353:
1343:
1341:
1334:The Ransom Note
1328:
1327:
1323:
1316:
1302:
1298:
1288:
1286:
1271:
1270:
1266:
1259:
1245:
1228:
1218:
1216:
1209:The Ransom Note
1203:
1202:
1198:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1173:
1159:
1152:
1138:
1134:
1119:
1115:
1101:
1097:
1086:
1075:
1061:
1057:
1043:
1039:
1024:
1020:
1013:
989:
985:
978:
964:
960:
950:
948:
931:
927:
917:
895:
891:
876:
872:
868:
811:
770:
764:
750:, "Bad Ass" by
708:Original Nuttah
704:Tom & Jerry
692:
649:
589:
581:Conquering Lion
565:Original Nuttah
557:
552:
486:Tom & Jerry
408:
387:Jamaican reggae
311:, Mickey Finn,
244:
214:
113:
74:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4354:
4344:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4311:1990s in music
4308:
4291:
4290:
4287:
4286:
4284:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4257:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4236:
4235:
4234:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4208:
4206:
4202:
4201:
4199:
4198:
4197:
4196:
4194:Adaptive music
4186:
4181:
4176:
4171:
4166:
4161:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4145:
4144:
4134:
4129:
4123:
4121:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4112:
4111:
4106:
4096:
4095:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4082:Plunderphonics
4074:
4069:
4068:
4067:
4066:
4065:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4014:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3993:
3988:
3982:
3980:
3973:
3969:
3968:
3965:
3964:
3962:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3935:
3933:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3925:
3920:
3919:
3918:
3908:
3907:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3886:
3884:Tropical house
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3860:
3859:
3857:Riddim (genre)
3854:
3844:
3839:
3837:Outsider house
3834:
3829:
3828:
3827:
3822:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3771:
3770:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3738:Brazilian bass
3735:
3730:
3728:Big room house
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3704:
3702:
3698:
3697:
3695:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3677:Vocaloid music
3674:
3673:
3672:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3646:
3645:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3614:
3613:
3608:
3598:
3593:
3592:
3591:
3581:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3540:
3539:
3534:
3527:Hypnagogic pop
3524:
3519:
3518:
3517:
3507:
3502:
3497:
3496:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3475:
3474:
3473:
3463:
3458:
3457:
3456:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3415:
3413:
3409:
3408:
3406:
3405:
3404:
3403:
3398:
3388:
3387:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3366:
3365:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3319:
3314:
3304:
3303:
3302:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3261:
3260:
3250:
3249:
3248:
3241:Minimal techno
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3217:
3216:
3214:Drill 'n' bass
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3185:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3168:
3167:
3165:Lento violento
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3130:Belgian techno
3122:
3117:
3116:
3115:
3110:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3089:
3088:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3057:
3056:
3055:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3031:
3030:
3029:
3019:
3018:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2989:
2988:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2967:
2966:
2965:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2919:
2918:
2916:Toytown techno
2913:
2911:Happy hardcore
2908:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2881:Baltimore club
2878:
2873:
2871:Ambient techno
2868:
2862:
2860:
2856:
2855:
2853:
2852:
2847:
2846:
2845:
2843:Detroit techno
2840:
2835:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2779:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2693:
2692:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2661:
2656:
2655:
2654:
2644:
2643:
2642:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2621:
2620:
2618:New jack swing
2610:
2609:
2608:
2606:Florida breaks
2598:
2593:
2592:
2591:
2581:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2554:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2533:
2532:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2511:
2506:
2505:
2504:
2494:
2493:
2492:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2451:
2450:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2429:
2428:
2427:
2417:
2416:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2395:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2354:
2352:
2348:
2347:
2345:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2319:
2318:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2297:
2295:Computer music
2292:
2287:
2286:
2285:
2280:
2279:
2278:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2256:Electric blues
2247:
2245:
2238:
2227:
2226:
2213:
2210:
2209:
2201:
2200:
2193:
2186:
2178:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2148:Florida breaks
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2129:
2128:
2126:Happy hardcore
2123:
2118:
2108:
2103:
2096:Baltimore club
2093:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2076:
2075:
2068:
2061:
2053:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2019:
2018:
2013:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1992:
1991:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1964:Drill 'n' bass
1961:
1955:
1952:
1951:
1944:
1943:
1936:
1929:
1921:
1915:
1914:
1899:
1886:Martin James,
1884:
1867:
1864:
1862:
1861:
1829:
1796:
1764:
1732:
1717:
1702:
1687:
1672:
1657:
1627:
1595:
1563:
1526:
1497:
1467:
1446:"Ragga Jungle"
1437:
1407:
1376:
1369:
1351:
1321:
1314:
1296:
1264:
1257:
1226:
1196:
1193:. 10 May 2022.
1178:
1171:
1150:
1132:
1113:
1095:
1073:
1055:
1037:
1018:
1011:
983:
976:
958:
925:
915:
889:
869:
867:
864:
859:RTRN II JUNGLE
830:jungle music.
810:
807:
766:Main article:
763:
760:
691:
688:
656:United Kingdom
648:
645:
588:
585:
556:
553:
551:
548:
407:
404:
395:Black Atlantic
383:Simon Reynolds
360:28 Gun Bad Boy
356:Origin Unknown
257:happy hardcore
243:
240:
222:Simon Reynolds
213:
210:
202:hardcore music
115:
114:
112:
111:
106:
101:
96:
90:
88:
84:
83:
80:
76:
75:
73:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
41:
39:
35:
34:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4353:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4326:Drum and bass
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4303:
4301:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4241:
4240:
4237:
4233:
4230:
4229:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4209:
4207:
4203:
4195:
4192:
4191:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4184:Sound collage
4182:
4180:
4177:
4175:
4172:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4143:
4140:
4139:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4132:Celtic fusion
4130:
4128:
4125:
4124:
4122:
4118:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4101:
4100:
4097:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4079:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4064:
4061:
4060:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4043:Circuit party
4041:
4039:
4036:
4035:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3998:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3983:
3981:
3977:
3974:
3970:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3936:
3934:
3930:
3924:
3921:
3917:
3914:
3913:
3912:
3909:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3891:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3849:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3817:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3795:Jungle terror
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
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3478:Electro house
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1361:State Of Bass
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1306:State Of Bass
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801:in 1996. In
800:
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787:Total Science
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768:Drum and bass
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482:drum and bass
479:
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468:, Kemet, and
467:
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461:weekly show.
460:
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452:
449:launched its
448:
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376:Noise Factory
373:
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329:Suburban Base
326:
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321:Moving Shadow
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232:Moving Shadow
229:
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191:drum and bass
188:
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173:, as well as
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94:Drum and bass
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43:
42:
40:
36:
31:
19:
4306:Jungle music
4244:Drum machine
4154:Doujin music
4142:Lounge music
4099:Street dance
4053:EDM festival
4006:Sound system
3972:Other topics
3847:Post-dubstep
3800:Lofi hip hop
3775:Future house
3601:Reductionism
3569:Nintendocore
3493:Fidget house
3444:Coupé-décalé
3384:Speed garage
3199:Indietronica
3103:Ghetto house
3081:French house
3071:Electroclash
3027:Ragga jungle
3021:
2938:Dark electro
2838:Bleep techno
2818:Sophisti-pop
2756:Jersey sound
2669:Funk carioca
2625:Dark ambient
2529:Minimal wave
2220:
2214:
2152:
2016:Ragga jungle
2005:
1902:
1887:
1872:
1852:. Retrieved
1841:
1832:
1820:. Retrieved
1811:The Guardian
1809:
1799:
1787:. Retrieved
1776:
1767:
1755:. Retrieved
1744:
1735:
1726:
1720:
1711:
1705:
1696:
1690:
1681:
1675:
1666:
1660:
1648:. Retrieved
1639:
1630:
1618:. Retrieved
1607:
1598:
1586:. Retrieved
1575:
1566:
1560:
1551:. Retrieved
1544:
1540:
1536:
1529:
1518:. Retrieved
1509:
1500:
1488:. Retrieved
1479:
1470:
1458:. Retrieved
1449:
1440:
1430:23 September
1428:. Retrieved
1419:
1410:
1399:. Retrieved
1395:the original
1388:
1379:
1360:
1354:
1342:. Retrieved
1333:
1324:
1305:
1299:
1287:. Retrieved
1276:
1267:
1248:
1217:. Retrieved
1208:
1199:
1190:
1181:
1162:
1145:
1141:
1135:
1126:
1122:
1116:
1108:
1104:
1098:
1089:
1068:
1064:
1058:
1050:
1046:
1040:
1031:
1028:Energy Flash
1027:
1021:
993:
986:
967:
961:
949:. Retrieved
938:
928:
920:
900:
892:
883:
873:
857:
851:
846:
840:
832:
828:
820:
802:
799:The Observer
798:
771:
693:
669:
665:
650:
621:Ready or Not
590:
558:
555:Ragga jungle
513:
508:
502:
498:FFRR Records
472:. Of these,
463:
458:
451:Givin' It Up
450:
444:
439:
436:Jungle Mania
435:
432:General Levy
421:
380:
345:
333:pirate radio
325:V Recordings
293:
285:
273:sound system
245:
227:Energy Flash
225:
215:
195:
139:sound system
119:
118:
4254:Synthesizer
4159:Lo-fi music
4104:House dance
4087:Rare groove
4011:Turntablism
3996:Disc jockey
3944:Drift phonk
3825:Moombahsoul
3820:Moombahcore
3780:Future soul
3763:Future bass
3758:Funktronica
3743:Bro-country
3682:Witch house
3650:Tecno brega
3544:Jersey club
3488:Dutch house
3342:Progressive
3280:Power noise
3226:Livetronica
3076:Folktronica
3052:Liquid funk
3042:Intelligent
3037:Atmospheric
2928:Changa tuki
2923:Broken beat
2866:Ambient dub
2833:Acid techno
2823:Synth-metal
2684:Tecnocumbia
2596:Ambient pop
2551:Italo disco
2470:Electropunk
2448:Space disco
2420:Space music
2413:Sampledelia
2222:Electronica
2138:Broken beat
2100:Jersey club
2091:Acid breaks
2023:Liquid funk
1989:Atmospheric
1984:Intelligent
1778:DJ Magazine
1746:DJ Magazine
1278:DJ Magazine
1251:. Picador.
1030:. Picador.
951:25 December
843:Congo Natty
748:DJ Dextrous
653:Thatcherite
633:Bad Company
611:, "R.I.P" (
577:Cutty Ranks
506:documentary
490:rare groove
455:BBC Radio 1
440:Jungle Hits
277:We Are I.E.
206:house music
198:dance music
4300:Categories
4227:Drum break
4174:Rave music
4164:Madchester
4127:Bass music
4109:Rave dance
4058:Free party
4023:Microgenre
3894:Hardvapour
3832:Mumble rap
3815:Moombahton
3805:Mahraganat
3733:Black MIDI
3643:Sovietwave
3618:Russ music
3549:Juke house
3522:Hauntology
3483:Complextro
3471:Reggaestep
3236:Microhouse
3231:Merenhouse
3150:Frenchcore
3145:Free tekno
3113:Ghettotech
3061:Dub techno
2958:Diva house
2953:Disco polo
2943:Denpa song
2886:Bhangragga
2798:Miami bass
2689:Turbo-folk
2659:Electropop
2630:Dubtronica
2546:Dance-rock
2541:Dance-punk
2536:Post-disco
2497:Industrial
2475:Euro disco
2425:Space rock
2315:Tape music
2205:Electronic
1911:0954889703
1896:0752223232
1881:0330350560
1520:2023-05-16
1401:2019-01-15
1370:0752223232
1315:0752223232
1258:0330350560
1125:. Vision.
1107:. Vision.
1092:: 131–180.
1067:. Vision.
1049:. Vision.
886:: 140-141.
866:References
836:Tim Reaper
728:Sweet Love
724:Incredible
672:breakbeats
575:featuring
540:Alex Reece
430:featuring
424:Incredible
309:DJ Randall
283:bassline.
183:Amen break
151:syncopated
149:, heavily
147:breakbeats
137:scene and
4321:Breakbeat
4028:Nightclub
3991:Club drug
3986:Beat drop
3889:Vaporwave
3864:Rara tech
3753:Dreampunk
3708:Afroswing
3692:Wonky pop
3638:Synthwave
3606:Lowercase
3564:Nightcore
3554:Jumpstyle
3532:Chillwave
3454:Crunkcore
3439:Cloud rap
3419:Afrobeats
3379:Breakstep
3369:UK garage
3357:Uplifting
3295:Reggaeton
3275:Post-rock
3221:Kidandali
3182:Speedcore
3160:Hardstyle
3140:Breakcore
3098:Futurepop
3010:Neurofunk
2970:Downtempo
2761:Hip house
2701:Eurodance
2640:Freestyle
2601:Breakbeat
2579:Acid jazz
2563:Synth-pop
2524:Dark wave
2519:Cold wave
2509:Japanoise
2465:Dancehall
2383:Krautrock
2378:Jazz-funk
2133:Breakcore
2080:Breakbeat
2028:Neurofunk
1822:18 August
1476:"Jump-Up"
1123:All Crews
1105:All Crews
1065:All Crews
1047:All Crews
852:In 2018,
779:LTJ Bukem
752:Aphrodite
744:Kenny Ken
732:Deep Blue
716:Roni Size
696:Leviticus
680:dancehall
651:The post-
637:DJ Hazard
601:bass line
591:In 1995,
524:Roni Size
494:Leviticus
474:Roni Size
416:Channel 4
391:dub music
372:X Project
317:Kenny Ken
212:Etymology
171:dancehall
159:basslines
109:UK garage
60:dancehall
4281:Waveform
4077:Sampling
4063:Teknival
3916:Hardwave
3899:Mallsoft
3879:EDM trap
3874:Shamstep
3785:Hyperpop
3718:Amapiano
3713:Algorave
3670:Funkstep
3665:UK funky
3611:Onkyokei
3589:New rave
3424:Bassline
3401:Hard NRG
3396:Hardbass
3332:Hands Up
3317:Balearic
3265:Nu metal
3246:Schaffel
3194:Illbient
3125:Hardcore
3108:Footwork
3086:Nu disco
3047:Jazzstep
3015:Techstep
3005:Hardstep
3000:Darkstep
2985:Trip hop
2980:Psybient
2906:Darkcore
2891:Big beat
2803:New beat
2696:Eurobeat
2514:New wave
2460:Chiptune
2290:Biomusic
2121:Darkcore
2106:Big beat
2038:Techstep
2011:Darkcore
1996:Jazzstep
1979:Hardstep
1974:Drumstep
1969:Drumfunk
1959:Darkstep
1848:Archived
1816:Archived
1783:Archived
1751:Archived
1644:Archived
1614:Archived
1582:Archived
1577:Time Out
1547:Archived
1543:Dummymag
1514:Archived
1484:Archived
1454:Archived
1424:Archived
1338:Archived
1283:Archived
1213:Archived
945:Archived
740:Dillinja
641:Pendulum
597:hardstep
520:Dillinja
447:Kiss 100
348:darkcore
299:such as
269:Rebel MC
261:darkcore
236:Top Buzz
218:Rebel MC
4249:Sampler
3979:Culture
3869:Seapunk
3852:Brostep
3660:UK bass
3623:Sambass
3596:Rabòday
3515:Grindie
3466:Dubstep
3253:Nu jazz
2963:Hardbag
2731:Chicago
2721:Ambient
2635:Electro
2485:Hip hop
2358:Ambient
2033:Sambass
2001:Jump-up
1854:14 June
1789:14 June
1650:14 June
1640:Ukf.com
1620:14 June
1588:14 June
1553:14 June
1490:15 June
1480:12 Edit
1460:15 June
1450:12 Edit
1344:14 June
1289:14 June
1219:14 June
1128:worked.
795:Optical
775:Ed Rush
736:DJ Zinc
684:electro
613:DJ Hype
605:DJ Zinc
593:jump-up
587:Jump-up
337:Kool FM
305:DJ Hype
242:Origins
224:' book
175:hip hop
155:samples
99:dubstep
65:hip hop
4179:Reggae
4120:Genres
4092:Riddim
4018:Mashup
4001:DJ mix
3723:Azonto
3655:Trival
3633:Skweee
3574:Nortec
3537:Glo-fi
3429:Budots
3374:2-step
3307:Trance
3300:Dembow
3290:Psydub
3177:Mákina
3172:J-core
3155:Gabber
3120:Glitch
3093:Funkot
3033:Light
3022:Jungle
2996:Heavy
2896:Bitpop
2828:Techno
2776:Tribal
2741:Garage
2679:Kwaito
2674:Kuduro
2480:Hi-NRG
2455:Boogie
2231:Genres
2153:Jungle
2116:4-beat
2006:Jungle
1909:
1894:
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1367:
1312:
1255:
1169:
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824:Shy FX
791:Goldie
783:Photek
773:&
720:DJ Die
718:&
712:Shy FX
700:DJ Ron
676:reggae
661:techno
629:Andy C
627:&
625:Shimon
617:Fugees
609:Shy FX
573:Hitman
569:Shy FX
561:reggae
470:DJ Ron
428:M-Beat
400:spliff
368:DJ Ron
341:Don FM
315:, and
313:DJ Rap
301:DJ Ron
253:4-beat
167:reggae
120:Jungle
50:reggae
33:Jungle
4205:Tools
4149:Disco
4072:Remix
3932:2020s
3842:Plugg
3701:2010s
3687:Wonky
3579:Phonk
3510:Grime
3449:Crunk
3412:2000s
3362:Vocal
3322:Dream
2859:1990s
2813:Ragga
2766:Latin
2751:Italo
2746:Funky
2711:House
2706:Grebo
2589:Baggy
2572:1980s
2436:1970s
2363:Drone
2351:1960s
2332:Noise
2244:Early
1757:7 May
1729:: 94.
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1669:: 93.
756:DJ SS
710:" by
544:Krust
478:4hero
426:" by
362:" by
354:" by
281:ragga
124:genre
122:is a
104:grime
4266:MIDI
4232:List
4212:Bass
4048:Doof
4033:Rave
3959:Rage
3911:Wave
3790:Gqom
3352:Tech
3337:Hard
3312:Acid
2771:Tech
2736:Deep
2716:Acid
2271:Rock
2266:Jùjú
1907:ISBN
1892:ISBN
1877:ISBN
1856:2020
1824:2020
1791:2020
1759:2021
1652:2020
1622:2020
1590:2020
1555:2020
1492:2020
1462:2020
1432:2020
1365:ISBN
1346:2020
1310:ISBN
1291:2020
1253:ISBN
1221:2020
1167:ISBN
1007:ISBN
972:ISBN
953:2020
911:ISBN
793:and
639:and
542:and
536:Zinc
532:Hype
516:jazz
476:and
438:and
289:MDMA
246:The
187:jazz
179:funk
177:and
169:and
135:rave
70:funk
3347:Psy
3327:Goa
2368:Dub
1390:BFI
999:doi
722:, "
706:, "
619:' "
528:Die
297:DJs
163:dub
126:of
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