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pays more to harvest the crop, soon those commodity prices increase as well. Of course, it isn't all fossil fuels...The IRA has not and will not cut inflation overnight. But that fight is indeed a big part of the bill's legacy: Play the long game of tackling all three types of climate-related inflation — fossilflation, climateflation, and greenflation — at their very core, and indeed justify the law's name.
45:
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preexisting respiratory disease and other ill health are more at risk. Global air pollution deaths due to fossil fuels have been estimated at over 8 million people (2018, nearly 1 in 5 deaths worldwide) at 10.2 million (2019), and 5.13 million excess deaths from ambient air pollution from fossil fuel use (2023).
3429:
Throughout the most recent U.S. spike in inflation in 2022, the energy category alone was responsible for around half of total inflation. And that's just counting the direct effects. Indirectly, a good portion of the food price increases ever since are also due to higher energy costs. If the farmer
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and other transportation. Because of their wealth and the importance of energy, transport and chemical industries to local, national and international economies, these lobbies have the capacity and money to attempt to have outsized influence on governmental policy. In particular, the lobbies have
980:
While all energy sources inherently have adverse effects, the data show that fossil fuels cause the highest levels of greenhouse gas emissions and are the most dangerous for human health. In contrast, modern renewable energy sources appear to be safer for human health and cleaner. The death rates
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and other air pollution from fossil fuel combustion cause illness and death when inhaled. These health effects include premature death, acute respiratory illness, aggravated asthma, chronic bronchitis and decreased lung function. The poor, undernourished, very young and very old, and people with
849:
declared that "Humanity is waging war on nature. This is suicidal. Nature always strikes back – and it is already doing so with growing force and fury." He also claimed there is still cause for hope, anticipating the US plan to join other large emitters like China and the EU in
1097:
As the data shows, coal, oil, natural gas, and biomass cause higher death rates and higher levels of greenhouse gas emissions than hydropower, nuclear energy, wind, and solar power. Scientists propose that 1.8 million lives have been saved by replacing fossil fuel sources with nuclear power.
882:"Economists have pointed to energy prices as the main reason for high inflation," noting that "energy prices indirectly affect virtually every part of the economy". Sectors that raise prices significantly as a result of higher fossil fuel prices include transportation, food, and shipping.
353:
notes that in the phrase "fossil fuel" the adjective "fossil" means "btained by digging; found buried in the earth", which dates to at least 1652, before the
English noun "fossil" came to refer primarily to long-dead organisms in the early 18th century.
822:
also have negative environmental impacts, including air and water pollution. Coal is sometimes transported by diesel-powered locomotives, while crude oil is typically transported by tanker ships, requiring the combustion of additional fossil fuels.
1554:
Lobbies are active in most fossil-fuel intensive economies with democratic governance, with reporting on the lobbies most prominent in Canada, Australia, the United States and Europe, however the lobbies are present in many parts of the world.
1313:
Divesters cite several reasons for their decisions. To some, it is a means of aligning investments with core values; to others, it is a tactic for combatting the fossil fuel industry; to others, it is a way to protect portfolios from
2474:– "fossil n. Something preserved in the ground, esp. in petrified form in rock, and recognizable as the remains of a living organism of a former geological period, or as preserving an impression or trace of such an organism."
4200:
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price swings that technologies like renewable energy are not. He also argues that technologies improve and get relatively cheaper over time. Coming out of the COVID-19 pandemic, some argued for the possibility of a
182:. The conversion from these materials to high-carbon fossil fuels typically requires a geological process of millions of years. Due to the length of time it takes nature to form them, fossil fuels are considered
717:
Global surface temperature reconstruction over the last 2000 years using proxy data from tree rings, corals, and ice cores in blue. Directly observational data is in red, with all data showing a 5 year moving
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780:
of thorium and 5,000 tonnes of uranium were released worldwide from burning coal. It is estimated that during 1982, US coal burning released 155 times as much radioactivity into the atmosphere as the
1603:, formerly known as the Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association (APPEA), has significant influence in Canberra and helps to maintain favorable policy settings for Oil and Gas.
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says: "High fossil fuel prices hit the poor hardest, but subsidies are rarely well-targeted to protect vulnerable groups and tend to benefit better-off segments of the population."
802:
In addition to the effects that result from burning, the harvesting, processing, and distribution of fossil fuels also have environmental effects. Coal mining methods, particularly
3914:
690: – harmful environmental impacts where the effects extend beyond the people using the fuel. These effects vary between different fuels. All fossil fuels release CO
3443:
646:
are currently fed as a result of synthetic nitrogen fertilizer use. According to head of a fertilizers commodity price agency, "50% of the world's food relies on fertilisers."
2439:– "fossil adj. Obtained by digging; found buried in the earth. Now chiefly of fuels and other materials occurring naturally in underground deposits; esp. in FOSSIL FUEL n."
6120:
4594:
128:. Reservoirs of such compound mixtures can be extracted and burned as a fuel for human consumption to provide heat for direct use (such as for cooking or heating), to power
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2000:
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phenomenon due to cheaper than normal prices, such as for oil, at the onset of the pandemic, followed by above-average prices which exacerbated the perceived inflation.
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6296:
3312:"The Production Gap: The discrepancy between countries' planned fossil fuel production and global production levels consistent with limiting warming to 1.5°C or 2°C"
323:
are located only at certain places on Earth, only some countries are oil-independent; the other countries depend on the oil-production capacities of these countries.
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A variety of mitigating efforts have arisen to counter the negative effects of fossil fuels. This includes a movement to use alternative energy sources, such as
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595:, both made from fossil fuels. Other forms of transportation, railways and aircraft, also require fossil fuels. The other major use for fossil fuels is in
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194:
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2025:
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Data sources: Markandya & Wilkinson (2007); UNSCEAR (2008; 2018); Sovacool et al. (2016); IPCC AR5 (2014); Pehl et al. (2017); Ember Energy (2021).
1980:
901:
209:, can remove only a small part of this CO2. Therefore, there is a net increase of many billion tonnes of atmospheric carbon dioxide per year. Although
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is found mixed with sand and clay, began to become more important as sources of fossil fuel in the early 2000s. Oil shale and similar materials are
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estimates that by 2030, the bill could reduce the typical
American household's spending on energy by more than $ 300 each year, in 2022 dollars.
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2124:
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as an unneeded byproduct of petroleum production, is now considered a very valuable resource. Natural gas deposits are also the main source of
2552:
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3210:
837:
In
December 2020, the United Nations released a report saying that despite the need to reduce greenhouse emissions, various governments are "
834:
uses a variety of approaches to limit these emissions; for example, rules against releasing waste products like fly ash into the atmosphere.
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480:
Fossil fuels have been important to human development because they can be readily burned in the open atmosphere to produce heat. The use of
5310:
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1880:
1919:
1484:. Global fossil fuel consumption subsidies in 2022 have been estimated at one trillion dollars; although they vary each year depending on
1462:. As of 2021, policy researchers estimate that substantially more money is spent on fossil fuel subsidies than on environmentally harmful
6458:
5194:
4639:
2201:
1665:
3696:
Lelieveld, Jos; Haines, Andy; Burnett, Richard; Tonne, Cathryn; Klingmueller, Klaus; Munzel, Thomas; Pozzer, Andrea (29 November 2023).
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3118:
1400:
730:. This includes contributing to the extinction of species and reducing people's ability to produce food, thus adding to the problem of
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1351:
was listed and it reached a US$ 2 trillion valuation on its second day of trading, after the world's largest initial public offering.
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540:). With additional processing, they can be employed instead of other established fossil fuels. During the 2010s and 2020s there was
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5102:
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countries having pledged to phase-out inefficient fossil fuel subsidies, as of 2023 they continue because of voter demand, or for
1183:. The reason given is: Needs to incorporate developments in international law and climate law which now recognise just transition.
430:
because they take millions of years to form and known viable reserves are being depleted much faster than new ones are generated.
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6024:
5813:
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2007:
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4750:
3923:"Shifting Discourse on Climate and Sustainability: Key Characteristics of the Higher Education Fossil Fuel Divestment Movement"
2584:
753:, which fall to Earth as acid rain, impacting both natural areas and the built environment. Monuments and sculptures made from
2908:
964:
Deaths caused as a result of fossil fuel use (areas of rectangles in chart) greatly exceed those resulting from production of
492:, while semi-solid hydrocarbons from oil seeps were also burned in ancient times, they were mostly used for waterproofing and
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4553:
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3158:
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343:"as early as 1757 and certainly by 1763". The first use of the term "fossil fuel" occurs in the work of the German chemist
268:, this transition is expected to have significant economic impacts. Many stakeholders argue that this change needs to be a
2879:
1318:. Financial research suggests that, in the longer term, fossil fuel divestment has positively impacted investors' returns.
8363:
5835:
5613:
5431:
5358:
5348:
5331:
5238:
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3641:
Vohra, Karn; Vodonos, Alina; Schwartz, Joel; Marais, Eloise A.; Sulprizio, Melissa P.; Mickley, Loretta J. (April 2021).
665:
5363:
3798:
2604:
6264:
6125:
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2993:
2265:"Stranded assets and stranded resources: Implications for climate change mitigation and global sustainable development"
2850:
726:, and the burning of fossil fuels is the main source of these emissions. In most parts of the world climate change is
7374:
6191:
6067:
5884:
5082:
2925:
1705:
1372:
Fossil-fuel subsidies per capita, 2019. Fossil-fuel pre-tax subsidies per capita are measured in constant US dollars.
426:, a source of natural gas. Although fossil fuels are continually formed by natural processes, they are classified as
4840:
4224:"Fossil fuel subsidies: If we want to reduce greenhouse gas emissions we should not pay people to burn fossil-fuels"
2777:
948:
seeks to make the United States less dependent on fossil fuels and their ability to cause inflation in the economy.
8304:
6998:
6424:
6062:
6042:
5989:
5941:
4998:
3643:"Global mortality from outdoor fine particle pollution generated by fossil fuel combustion: Results from GEOS-Chem"
1626:
1232:, for example, for coal workers in coal-dependent developing regions who lack employment opportunities beyond coal.
1106:
3235:
408:. Despite these heat-driven transformations, the energy released in combustion is still photosynthetic in origin.
6451:
6181:
6132:
5558:
5520:
5465:
4930:
3467:"Pushing on a String: Monetary Policy, Growth Models and the Persistence of Low Inflation in Advanced Capitalism"
2108:
the potential benefits of a phaseout .... can avoid an excess mortality rate of 3.61 (2.96–4.21) million per year
1269:
of assets including stocks, bonds, and other financial instruments connected to companies involved in extracting
452:
284:
3896:
8314:
6249:
5533:
5285:
3816:
3602:
3385:"Analysis: Inflation is finally falling. But the days when prices rose just 2% may never return | CNN Business"
3011:"Consistent multidecadal variability in global temperature reconstructions and simulations over the Common Era"
1293:
699:
280:
4303:"Update on recent progress in reform of inefficient fossil-fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption"
3774:"Nuclear power may have saved 1.8 million lives otherwise lost to fossil fuels, may save up to 7 million more"
2640:
1304:
1128:
is the gradual reduction of the use and production of fossil fuels to zero, to reduce deaths and illness from
1113:
reported that in 2022, global energy transition investment equaled fossil fuels investment for the first time.
193:
and over 60% of its electricity was from fossil fuels. The large-scale burning of fossil fuels causes serious
6515:
6359:
5894:
5426:
4816:
2979:
1821:
1451:
1254:
As of 2021, 1,300 institutions possessing US$ 14.6 trillion have divested from the fossil fuel industry.
706:. Air pollution from fossil fuels in 2018 has been estimated to cost US$ 2.9 trillion, or 3.3% of the global
4494:
2718:
1969:
1869:
Paul Mann, Lisa
Gahagan, and Mark B. Gordon, "Tectonic setting of the world's giant oil and gas fields", in
8484:
7844:
7067:
6902:
6342:
6014:
5543:
5538:
5443:
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1629:, to try to roll back existing regulations or justify new fossil fuel development. Lobbyists try to retain
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31:
17:
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2175:
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7352:
6444:
6412:
6176:
5979:
5936:
5709:
5631:
5485:
4827:
2347:
2050:
Lelieveld, J.; Klingmüller, K.; Pozzer, A.; Burnett, R. T.; Haines, A.; Ramanathan, V. (9 April 2019).
1846:
1644:
781:
584:
137:
4276:
4249:"Protecting Nature by Reforming Environmentally Harmful Subsidies: The Role of Business | Earth Track"
4201:"Local Environmental Externalities due to Energy Price Subsidies: A Focus on Air Pollution and Health"
4100:
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5904:
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5601:
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4925:
4920:
4915:
4321:"Reforming global fossil fuel subsidies: How the United States can restart international cooperation"
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2421:
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in history. As of July 2023, more than 1593 institutions with assets totalling more than $ 40.5
1221:
1133:
909:
739:
735:
727:
655:
596:
444:
439:
388:, became buried under further heavy layers of inorganic sediment. The resulting high temperature and
349:
304:
300:
5796:
460:, energy company profits increased with greater revenues from higher fuel prices resulting from the
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6291:
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6217:
6057:
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5528:
5416:
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5184:
5013:
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2323:"No new oil, gas or coal development if world is to reach net zero by 2050, says world energy body"
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1444:
831:
198:
190:
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provided domestic heat. The wide-scale use of fossil fuels, coal at first and petroleum later, in
8524:
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8398:
8383:
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6400:
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5626:
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5258:
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4345:
Martinez-Alvarez, Cesar B.; Hazlett, Chad; Mahdavi, Paasha; Ross, Michael L. (22 November 2022).
3195:
2461:
2426:
2233:
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1660:
1412:
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in 2022 was a major recent example of fossil fuels causing inflation. Some economists, including
427:
370:
296:
288:
164:
3216:. Physics Education Research Group, Department of Physics, Ohio State University. Archived from
2981:
Energy and
Climate Change: An Introduction to Geological Controls, Interventions and Mitigations
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5135:
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604:
230:
183:
141:
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2398:
2385:
2052:"Effects of fossil fuel and total anthropogenic emission removal on public health and climate"
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funding to fossil fuel production rather than to alternative energy. The UN secretary general
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poses a hazard to aquatic organisms. Fossil fuel wells can contribute to methane release via
811:
675:
643:
572:
484:
as a domestic fuel predates recorded history. Coal was burned in some early furnaces for the
405:
265:
234:
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8272:
8250:
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8090:
7839:
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7157:
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6912:
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6227:
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3654:
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3022:
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2063:
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1606:
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1300:
became the first institution of higher learning to divest its endowment from fossil fuels.
928:
842:
261:
206:
125:
4724:"US fossil fuel industry leaps on Russia's invasion of Ukraine to argue for more drilling"
1944:
8:
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6244:
6019:
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5243:
3413:
2026:"Air Pollution Is Killing More People Than Smoking—and Fossil Fuels Are Largely to Blame"
1621:
has been criticised. The lobby is known for exploiting international crises, such as the
1576:
1281:
1209:
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803:
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has said that climate change is the greatest threat to human health in the 21st century.
374:
222:
4521:"Top oil firms spending millions lobbying to block climate change policies, says report"
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3697:
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2067:
1185:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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257:
4573:"Fossil Fuel Interests Have Outspent Environmental Advocates 10:1 on Climate Lobbying"
3747:
3698:"Air pollution deaths attributable to fossil fuels: observational and modelling study"
3547:
1261:
or fossil fuel divestment and investment in climate solutions is an attempt to reduce
638:. The development of synthetic nitrogen fertilizer has significantly supported global
448:
Net income of the global oil and gas industry reached a record US$ 4 trillion in 2022.
315:
279:
International policy, in the form of United
Nations sustainable development goals for
8467:
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404:, and then with more heat into liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons in a process known as
340:
249:
172:
2846:
2811:
Erisman, Jan Willem; MA Sutton, J Galloway, Z Klimont, W Winiwarter (October 2008).
1311:
in assets worldwide had begun or committed some form of divestment of fossil fuels.
897:
says that fossil fuel prices have driven every big episode of inflation since WWII.
8419:
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4037:
4007:"The database of fossil fuel divestment commitments made by institutions worldwide"
3934:
3719:
3709:
3662:
3583:
3478:
3119:"WHO calls for urgent action to protect health from climate change – Sign the call"
3046:
3030:
3009:
Neukom, Raphael; Barboza, Luis A.; Erb, Michael P.; Shi, Feng; et al. (2019).
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2276:
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Fossil fuel divestment campaigns emerged on college and university campuses in the
965:
827:
619:
545:
419:
378:
366:
336:
332:
253:
117:
4696:"Oil and gas companies exploit coronavirus to roll back environmental regulations"
4611:"Gaslighting: How APPEA and its members continue to oppose genuine climate action"
3482:
2692:. Global Forum on Flaring & Gas Utilization. Paris: World Bank. Archived from
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4847:
4666:"'Pushes us closer to the abyss': Former Azerbaijani oil executive to head COP29"
4598:
4579:
4560:
4099:
Trinks, Arjan; Scholtens, Bert; Mulder, Machiel; Dam, Lammertjan (1 April 2018).
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841:" on fossil fuels, in some cases diverting over 50% of their COVID-19 recovery
819:
698:. Burning coal, and to a lesser extent oil and its derivatives, contributes to
695:
533:
469:
344:
273:
241:
218:
214:
176:
3034:
2229:"Trillions in Assets May Be Left Stranded as Companies Address Climate Change"
682:
since 1880 have been caused by different sources ramping up one after another.
468:
of projects shut down in Russia, and backing off from earlier plans to reduce
8546:
8512:
8472:
8331:
8291:
8255:
8211:
8137:
8100:
8018:
7941:
7709:
7704:
7657:
7637:
7442:
7279:
7169:
7126:
6907:
6784:
6670:
6620:
6484:
6327:
6259:
5984:
5806:
5791:
5726:
5621:
4762:
4532:
4380:
4134:
4059:
3999:
3525:
3490:
3254:"World is 'doubling down' on fossil fuels despite climate crisis – UN report"
3042:
2600:
2300:
2242:
2120:
2085:
1780:
1655:
1572:
1420:
1328:
1277:
1129:
982:
920:
746:
687:
541:
415:
369:
millions of years ago began forming petroleum and natural gas as a result of
358:
245:
210:
145:
4371:
4347:"Political leadership has limited impact on fossil fuel taxes and subsidies"
3714:
2076:
532:, a complex mixture of high-molecular weight organic compounds, which yield
291:, is designed to facilitate this transition at a global level. In 2021, the
8228:
8172:
8122:
8105:
7926:
7699:
7632:
7244:
7202:
6978:
6929:
6865:
6721:
6625:
6212:
6009:
5653:
5643:
5295:
5179:
5092:
4398:
3733:
3674:
3289:
3280:
3258:
3060:
2103:
1799:
1485:
1348:
1315:
1270:
1265:
by exerting social, political, and economic pressure for the institutional
1225:
1213:
973:
807:
731:
722:
Climate change is largely driven by the release of greenhouse gases like CO
576:
568:
473:
226:
202:
148:
generators. Some fossil fuels are further refined into derivatives such as
133:
4784:"Fossil fuel and agriculture handouts climb to $ 1.8tn a year, study says"
2125:"Factbox: Key takeaways from the IPCC report on climate change mitigation"
1901:
248:
and other negative impacts caused by fossil fuels has led to a widespread
8233:
8199:
8073:
8006:
7974:
7921:
7819:
7340:
7284:
7106:
7084:
7079:
6946:
6823:
6789:
6777:
6665:
6239:
5756:
5748:
4464:"Why fossil fuel lobbyists are dominating climate policy during Covid-19"
3444:"Inflation Developments in the Euro Area Since the Onset of the Pandemic"
2880:"Fears global energy crisis could lead to famine in vulnerable countries"
2769:
2601:"Why are BP, Shell, and other oil giants making so much money right now?"
1584:
1519:
1432:
1396:
1205:
933:
750:
713:
631:
592:
525:
362:
229:
and noxious gases. It is estimated that this costs over 3% of the global
157:
129:
113:
101:
76:
3939:
3922:
3514:"Opinion | Greening Your Home Will Be Cheaper, but Expect Growing Pains"
3311:
8267:
8189:
8127:
8095:
8035:
7729:
7447:
7264:
7222:
7164:
7133:
6772:
6704:
6642:
6615:
6578:
6271:
5648:
4554:"How a Powerful U.S. Lobby Group Helps Big Oil to Block Climate Action"
4208:
4125:
3897:"Australian Campaign Case Study : Divestment Campaign 2013 - 2021"
3870:
3572:
The nuclear alternative: Energy
Production within Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
1560:
1266:
1250:
890:
796:
788:
635:
623:
588:
393:
3587:
1228:. In Europe, advocates for a just transition want to unite social and
799:), utilizing, for example, about 40% of the United States production.
734:. Continued rises in global temperatures will lead to further adverse
8277:
8204:
8078:
8058:
8030:
7969:
7330:
7212:
7020:
7015:
6993:
6882:
6875:
6694:
6689:
6596:
6573:
5221:
1897:
1710:
1695:
1564:
1392:
1384:
924:
873:
866:
758:
703:
627:
600:
556:
537:
517:
503:
493:
489:
465:
414:
tended to form coal and methane. Many of the coal fields date to the
401:
320:
272:
and create policy that addresses the societal burdens created by the
109:
80:
8519:
6436:
4584:
2838:
908:, believe that dependence on fossil fuels is the main driver of the
8013:
7994:
7979:
7679:
7457:
7025:
6951:
6892:
6887:
6835:
6745:
6716:
6709:
6699:
6630:
6604:
6600:
6592:
4640:"IPCC: We can tackle climate change if big oil gets out of the way"
3973:
2985:
2644:
2202:"IPCC: We can tackle climate change if big oil gets out of the way"
2001:"Quantifying the Economic Costs of Air Pollution from Fossil Fuels"
1731:
1700:
1535:
1511:
1436:
1428:
1303:
By 2015, fossil fuel divestment was reportedly the fastest growing
851:
580:
552:
485:
389:
213:
are significant, the burning of fossil fuels is the main source of
168:
153:
149:
121:
55:
4546:
4344:
4026:"Determinants of fossil fuel divestment in European pension funds"
4006:
3863:
795:. These materials are used in a wide variety of applications (see
66:
8507:
8147:
7689:
7325:
7121:
7116:
7062:
6968:
6897:
6740:
6541:
5199:
4857:
4852:
4024:
Egli, Florian; Schärer, David; Steffen, Bjarne (1 January 2022).
3153:. WMO-No. 1248. Geneva: World Meteorological Organization. 2020.
2049:
1735:
1556:
1404:
972:
Environmental pollution from fossil fuels impacts humans because
792:
773:
769:
560:
529:
521:
397:
225:. Additionally, most air pollution deaths are due to fossil fuel
4174:
Raval, Anjli; Kerr, Simeon; Stafford, Philip (5 December 2019).
4148:
Kerr, Simeon; Massoudi, Arash; Raval, Anjli (19 December 2019).
2657:
1920:"EDGAR - The Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research"
776:, which are released into the atmosphere. In 2000, about 12,000
499:
Commercial exploitation of petroleum began in the 19th century.
7694:
7615:
7566:
7174:
7139:
6963:
6919:
6767:
6565:
6207:
4150:"Saudi Aramco touches $ 2tn valuation on second day of trading"
927:
are undesirable energy sources because they are susceptible to
777:
754:
507:
381:
328:
120:
from the remains of prehistoric organisms (animals, plants and
27:
Fuel formed over millions of years from dead plants and animals
3465:
Van
Doorslaer, Hielke; Vermeiren, Mattias (3 September 2021).
2746:"Insurance giant Axa dumps investments in tar sands pipelines"
1841:
1839:
981:
from accidents and air pollution in the EU are as follows per
516:, which is much more viscous than conventional crude oil, and
7207:
7047:
6973:
6760:
6121:
Cooperative
Mechanisms under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement
5209:
4824:
Carbon Nation: Fossil Fuels in the Making of
American Culture
4414:"The new energy shock: Putin, Ukraine and the global economy"
4412:
Brower, Derek; Wilson, Tom; Giles, Chris (25 February 2022).
4011:
Global Fossil Fuel Divestment Database managed by Stand.earth
3570:
Liodakis, E; Dashdorj, Dugersuren; Mitchell, Gary E. (2011).
3285:"Humanity is waging war on nature, says UN secretary general"
1297:
2794:"Soaring fertilizer prices put global food security at risk"
2619:"Encyclopædia Britannica, use of oil seeps in ancient times"
8068:
8001:
7984:
7652:
7152:
7008:
7003:
6983:
6857:
6808:
6652:
4271:
4269:
3695:
3315:
2396:
1836:
1523:
1280:
in 2011 with students urging their administrations to turn
564:
559:
provided the energy needed for work such as milling flour,
481:
299:
if the global economy and society wants to avoid the worst
105:
84:
4751:"Opinion. We're in a Fossil Fuel War. Biden Should Say So"
3799:"Energy Transition Investment Now On Par with Fossil Fuel"
3640:
3574:. AIP Conference Proceedings. Vol. 1342. p. 91.
2487:
Environmental Science: Problems, Connections and Solutions
944:
While not expected to provide much short-term relief, the
7535:
7111:
6755:
6297:
Illustrative model of greenhouse effect on climate change
4718:
4716:
3233:
1477:
608:
591:
and trucks greatly increased the demand for gasoline and
385:
201:
due to human activity in 2022 was CO2 from burning them.
44:
4689:
4687:
4634:
4632:
4431:
4405:
4338:
4266:
4098:
3817:"Climate Frontlines Briefing – No Jobs on a Dead Planet"
3801:. Bloomberg NEF (New Energy Finance). 10 February 2023.
3569:
3442:
Koester, Gerrit; Lis, Eliza; Nickel, Christiane (2022).
3150:
WMO Statement on the State of the Global Climate in 2019
2400:
The Chemical Works of Caspar Neumann ... (1773 printing)
1488:, they are consistently hundreds of billions of dollars.
768:
Fossil fuels also contain radioactive materials, mainly
4319:
George, Johannes Urpelainen and Elisha (14 July 2021).
1568:
865:
is a term that describes the impact of fossil fuels on
4713:
3601:
February 19; Chaisson, 2021 Clara (19 February 2021).
3539:
3464:
2956:
Griffin, Rodman (10 July 1992). "Alternative Energy".
2813:"How a century of ammonia synthesis changed the world"
1514:
of corporations involved in the fossil fuel industry (
544:
from exploitation of such resources due to their high
8496:
6138:
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
4684:
4629:
4176:"Saudi Aramco raises $ 25.6bn in world's biggest IPO"
4079:
Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis
3791:
3748:"What are the safest and cleanest sources of energy?"
3548:"What are the safest and cleanest sources of energy?"
3354:"Fight climate change. End fossilflation. Here's how"
2658:
Ball, Max W.; Douglas Ball; Daniel S. Turner (1965).
2597:● Details for 2020 from the more detailed diagram in
2562:. International Energy Agency. May 2023. p. 61.
686:
The burning of fossil fuels has a number of negative
611:, a leftover of petroleum extraction, is used in the
4277:"Fossil Fuels Consumption Subsidies 2022 – Analysis"
3603:"Fossil Fuel Air Pollution Kills One in Five People"
3414:"The Ukraine War Blew Up the World's Energy Economy"
2545:
2373:(2nd, illustrated ed.). Springer. p. 360.
2227:
Monga, Jean Eaglesham and Vipal (20 November 2021).
660:
Health and environmental impact of the coal industry
3600:
3075:"Global Annual Mean Surface Air Temperature Change"
3008:
2878:Butler, Sarah; Ambrose, Jillian (20 October 2021).
2578:
2576:
1450:Eliminating fossil fuel subsidies would reduce the
761:are particularly vulnerable, as the acids dissolve
472:emissions. Record profits sparked public calls for
365:that died and sedimented in large quantities under
331:of dead plants by exposure to heat and pressure in
264:is so heavily integrated in the global economy and
4693:
4492:
4101:"Fossil Fuel Divestment and Portfolio Performance"
4023:
3809:
2977:
2449:
2414:
915:
902:economic impact of the Russian Invasion of Ukraine
30:"Oil and gas" redirects here. For other uses, see
4411:
4173:
4147:
3251:
3067:
2521:Food, Energy, and Water: The Chemistry Connection
1876:Giant Oil and Gas Fields of the Decade, 1990–1999
1288:into investments in clean energy and communities
8544:
6338:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
4493:Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche (5 November 2021).
3634:
3441:
2686:Global Gas Flaring Reduction: A Time for Action!
2573:
2448:
2413:
2390:
1647:– a proposal that petroleum is not a fossil fuel
1605:The presence of major fossil fuel companies and
642:; it has been estimated that almost half of the
583:were coming into wide use. The invention of the
4351:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
2903:
2056:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
1609:at global forums for decision making, like the
1216:and livelihoods when economies are shifting to
335:over millions of years was first introduced by
297:fossil fuel extraction projects could be opened
4694:Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche (16 April 2020).
2973:
2971:
2483:
551:Prior to the latter half of the 18th century,
7551:
6452:
5078:History of climate change policy and politics
4873:
3188:"Coal Combustion: Nuclear Resource or Danger"
2949:
2877:
2585:"Big Oil doubles profits in blockbuster 2022"
2367:Hsu, Chang Samuel; Robinson, Paul R. (2017).
2150:"Price Spike Fortifies Fossil Fuel Subsidies"
787:Burning coal also generates large amounts of
327:The theory that fossil fuels formed from the
3689:
3545:
3211:"Nuclear proliferation through coal burning"
2863:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
2641:"Bulls From the Sea: Ancient Oil Industries"
2292:11245.1/2da1dc94-53d0-46d2-a6fc-8f0e44c37356
2263:Bos, Kyra; Gupta, Joyeeta (1 October 2019).
1892:
1881:American Association of Petroleum Geologists
1758:
1734:because it does not actually originate from
1587:associated with the fossil fuels lobby. The
622:was provided by fossil fuels in the form of
548:relative to more easily-processed reserves.
75:The main fossil fuels (from top to bottom):
5195:Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
4853:Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air
3920:
3626:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3208:
2968:
2366:
1666:Environmental impact of the energy industry
810:, have negative environmental impacts, and
7558:
7544:
6459:
6445:
6419:
6407:
5864:
4880:
4866:
4495:"Lobbying threat to global climate action"
2743:
1847:"thermochemistry of fossil fuel formation"
1595:for Big Oil with significant influence in
939:
6159:
5965:Adaptation strategies on the German coast
5103:United Nations Climate Change conferences
4592:"Lobbying: Climate Change—Beware Hot Air"
4388:
4370:
4167:
4124:
4049:
3981:"Fossil fuel divestment: a brief history"
3938:
3850:European Commission – European Commission
3723:
3713:
3050:
2370:Springer Handbook of Petroleum Technology
2290:
2280:
2093:
2075:
1970:"Chapter 2: Emissions trends and drivers"
1619:United Nations Climate Change conferences
1611:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
1539:been known to obstruct policy related to
5669:Co-benefits of climate change mitigation
4141:
3894:
3382:
2719:"Oil Sands Global Market Potential 2007"
2262:
1367:
1249:
1105:
959:
712:
669:
649:
563:or pumping water, while burning wood or
451:
443:
392:caused the organic matter to chemically
314:
256:focused on ending their use in favor of
6025:National Adaptation Programme of Action
5814:Land use, land-use change, and forestry
4518:
3824:International Trade Union Confederation
2955:
2744:Carrington, Damian (12 December 2017).
2682:
2638:
2176:"Why are fossil fuels so hard to quit?"
1859:from the original on 20 September 2015.
237:will save millions of lives each year.
191:primary energy consumption in the world
14:
8545:
8178:Integrated gasification combined cycle
5674:Economics of climate change mitigation
5637:Gold Standard (carbon offset standard)
5155:
4983:Scientific consensus on climate change
4811:Barrett, Ross; Worden, Daniel (eds.),
4748:
4318:
4075:"Passive investing in a warming world"
3511:
3411:
3407:
3405:
3347:
3345:
3343:
3341:
3339:
3337:
3335:
3333:
3279:
2582:
2397:Caspar Neumann; William Lewis (1759).
2119:
1526:), as well as related industries like
1492:
1140:. It is part of the ongoing renewable
396:, first into a waxy material known as
347:, in English translation in 1759. The
8222:Radioisotope thermoelectric generator
7897:Quantum chromodynamics binding energy
7539:
6466:
6440:
6333:Coupled Model Intercomparison Project
6158:
5863:
5599:
5154:
5066:
4947:
4899:
4861:
4439:"Fossil Fuel Subsidies & Finance"
4072:
3921:Gibson, Dylan; Duram, Leslie (2020).
3771:
3558:from the original on 15 January 2024.
3378:
3376:
3374:
3351:
3252:Damian Carrington (2 December 2020).
2517:
2403:. J. and F. Rivington. pp. 492–.
2226:
1995:
1993:
1765:. Boca Raton: CRC Press. p. 58.
1498:These paragraphs are an excerpt from
1439:. Some fossil fuel subsidies are via
968:(rectangles barely visible in chart).
955:
745:Combustion of fossil fuels generates
339:"in his 1597 Alchemia " and later by
8455:
6355:Representative Concentration Pathway
5301:Tipping points in the climate system
4977:Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere
4841:Global Fossil Infrastructure Tracker
3546:Ritchie, Hannah; Roser, Max (2021).
3383:Horowitz, Julia (13 December 2022).
2683:Kaldany, Rashad (13 December 2006).
2598:
2484:Miller, G.; Spoolman, Scott (2007).
2470:participating institution membership
2435:participating institution membership
2269:Energy Research & Social Science
1322:
1165:
857:
8479:
8364:World energy supply and consumption
6126:Nationally determined contributions
5836:Individual action on climate change
5046:World energy supply and consumption
4571:Yale Environment 360, 19 July 2019
3895:Gulliver, Robyn (10 October 2022).
3805:from the original on 27 March 2023.
3505:
3412:Wagner, Gernot (23 February 2024).
3402:
3330:
3185:
3095:
2607:from the original on 22 April 2023.
2595:from the original on 31 March 2023.
2569:from the original on 7 August 2023.
738:on both ecosystems and people; the
666:Extinction risk from climate change
24:
6265:Fixed anvil temperature hypothesis
4887:
4805:
3371:
1990:
1986:from the original on 4 April 2022.
1454:, and would greatly reduce global
1152:
1118:This paragraph is an excerpt from
694:when they burn, thus accelerating
163:The origin of fossil fuels is the
140:) that can propel vehicles, or to
25:
8564:
6192:Satellite temperature measurement
5797:forestry for carbon sequestration
5083:History of climate change science
4834:
4590:Reuters Events, 23 November 2015
4519:Laville, Sandra (22 March 2019).
3901:The Commons Social Change Library
3512:Wagner, Gernot (12 August 2022).
3352:Leber, Rebecca (12 August 2022).
2023:
1706:Phase-out of fossil fuel vehicles
1208:movement to encompass a range of
303:and meet international goals for
8530:
8518:
8506:
8478:
8466:
8454:
8443:
8442:
7520:
7519:
6418:
6406:
6395:
6394:
6382:
6043:Climate Change Performance Index
5422:Destruction of cultural heritage
4776:
4749:Manjoo, Farhad (24 March 2022).
4742:
3778:Scientific American Blog Network
1759:Fleckenstein, Joseph E. (2016).
1627:2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
1360:This section is an excerpt from
1242:This section is an excerpt from
1204:is a framework developed by the
1170:
1158:This section is an excerpt from
124:), a process that occurs within
65:
54:
43:
6182:Instrumental temperature record
6133:Sustainable Development Goal 13
4658:
4603:
4565:
4512:
4486:
4456:
4312:
4295:
4241:
4216:
4193:
4092:
4066:
4017:
3947:
3888:
3838:
3765:
3740:
3594:
3563:
3458:
3435:
3304:
3273:
3245:
3236:"CCP Production and Use Survey"
3234:American Coal Ash Association.
3227:
3209:Aubrecht II, Gordon J. (2003).
3202:
3179:
3141:
3125:. November 2015. Archived from
3111:
3098:"Climate Impacts on Ecosystems"
3089:
3002:
2897:
2871:
2804:
2786:
2763:
2737:
2711:
2676:
2662:. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill.
2651:
2632:
2611:
2583:Bousso, Ron (8 February 2023).
2511:
2477:
2442:
2407:
2360:
2341:
2315:
2256:
2220:
2194:
2168:
2142:
2113:
2043:
2017:
1962:
1883:, p. 50, accessed 22 June 2009.
1730:The term has been considered a
1415:. Or they may be free or cheap
1290:most impacted by climate change
916:Efforts to combat fossilflation
728:negatively impacting ecosystems
422:. Terrestrial plants also form
6250:Climate variability and change
5600:
5286:Retreat of glaciers since 1850
4470:. 23 July 2020. Archived from
4117:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.11.036
4042:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2021.107237
3955:"Divestment from Fossil Fuels"
2643:. Aramco World. Archived from
2599:King, Ben (12 February 2023).
2553:"World Energy Investment 2023"
1937:
1912:
1886:
1863:
1814:
1787:
1752:
1724:
1316:climate-related financial risk
700:atmospheric particulate matter
13:
1:
6360:Shared Socioeconomic Pathways
5895:Climate emergency declaration
4817:University of Minnesota Press
3483:10.1080/13563467.2020.1858774
3192:Oak Ridge National Laboratory
2660:This Fascinating Oil Business
1745:
1452:health risks of air pollution
1383:on fossil fuels. They may be
1285:
1236:
433:
276:of the fossil fuel industry.
104:-containing material such as
6485:Pollution / quality
6343:IPCC Sixth Assessment Report
5569:Middle East and North Africa
4900:
3667:10.1016/j.envres.2021.110754
1945:"What Are Greenhouse Gases?"
1762:Three-phase electrical power
1589:American Petroleum Institute
1354:
1101:
32:Oil and gas (disambiguation)
7:
5067:
4552:The Guardian, 19 July 2021
2978:Michael Stephenson (2018).
1824:. Geological Survey Ireland
1637:
1601:Australian Energy Producers
1472:International Energy Agency
1466:or environmentally harmful
1144:, but is being hindered by
462:Russian invasion of Ukraine
293:International Energy Agency
281:affordable and clean energy
138:internal combustion engines
10:
8569:
7565:
6177:Global surface temperature
6068:Popular culture depictions
5980:Ecosystem-based adaptation
5710:Carbon capture and storage
5632:Carbon offsets and credits
4948:
4828:University Press of Kansas
4073:Chung, Connor; Cohn, Dan.
3846:"Just Transition Platform"
2282:10.1016/j.erss.2019.05.025
1738:, but from organic matter.
1645:Abiogenic petroleum origin
1497:
1359:
1336:
1326:
1241:
1157:
1117:
885:
850:adopting targets to reach
782:Three Mile Island accident
663:
653:
585:internal combustion engine
456:After recovering from the
437:
116:, formed naturally in the
29:
8438:
8412:
8288:
8168:Fossil fuel power station
8136:
8049:
7955:
7830:Electric potential energy
7795:
7775:Thermodynamic temperature
7755:Thermodynamic free energy
7750:Thermodynamic equilibrium
7596:
7573:
7515:
7456:
7321:
7314:
7195:
7056:Types / location
7055:
7046:
6856:
6651:
6564:
6534:
6483:
6474:
6389:Climate change portal
6376:
6315:
6282:Extreme event attribution
6200:
6169:
6165:
6154:
6098:
6033:
5955:
5905:School Strike for Climate
5877:
5873:
5859:
5828:
5784:Climate-smart agriculture
5745:
5702:
5612:
5608:
5595:
5519:
5377:
5324:
5167:
5163:
5150:
5073:
5062:
4991:
4960:
4956:
4943:
4926:Climate change adaptation
4921:Climate change mitigation
4916:Effects of climate change
4906:
4895:
3123:World Health Organization
3035:10.1038/s41561-019-0400-0
2541:– via Google Books.
2507:– via Google Books.
2457:Oxford English Dictionary
2422:Oxford English Dictionary
1445:coal-fired power stations
1411:, such as tax breaks on
1179:This article needs to be
910:2021-2022 inflation spike
740:World Health Organization
678:shows how additions to CO
656:Effects of climate change
440:Fossil fuel power station
350:Oxford English Dictionary
310:
305:climate change mitigation
301:impacts of climate change
8239:Concentrated solar power
6292:Global warming potential
6099:International agreements
5746:Preserving and enhancing
5185:Arctic methane emissions
5107:Years in climate change
5014:Greenhouse gas emissions
4911:Causes of climate change
4846:10 December 2019 at the
4597:6 September 2021 at the
4578:6 September 2021 at the
4559:6 September 2021 at the
4443:Oil Change International
3871:"Divestment Commitments"
2518:Ahuja, Satinder (2015).
1717:
1541:environmental protection
1443:, such as subsidies for
1222:combating climate change
832:Environmental regulation
199:greenhouse gas emissions
7780:Volume (thermodynamics)
7760:Thermodynamic potential
7663:Mass–energy equivalence
6323:Climate change scenario
5975:Disaster risk reduction
5627:Carbon emission trading
5437:U.S. insurance industry
5412:Civilizational collapse
5259:sea surface temperature
4372:10.1073/pnas.2208024119
3715:10.1136/bmj-2023-077784
3096:EPA (19 January 2017).
2462:Oxford University Press
2427:Oxford University Press
2234:The Wall Street Journal
2077:10.1073/pnas.1819989116
1949:US Department of Energy
1686:Liquefied petroleum gas
1661:Eco-economic decoupling
1615:Paris Climate Agreement
946:Inflation Reduction Act
940:Inflation Reduction Act
464:, falling debt levels,
428:non-renewable resources
371:anaerobic decomposition
289:Paris Climate Agreement
207:absorption by the ocean
184:non-renewable resources
165:anaerobic decomposition
7735:Quantum thermodynamics
7725:Laws of thermodynamics
7606:Conservation of energy
6316:Research and modelling
6000:Nature-based solutions
5820:Nature-based solutions
5762:Carbon dioxide removal
5679:Fossil fuel divestment
5664:Climate risk insurance
5574:Small island countries
5190:Arctic sea ice decline
3647:Environmental Research
2780:June 11, 2007, at the
2639:Bilkadi, Zayn (1992).
1924:edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu
1607:national oil companies
1583:are among the largest
1464:agricultural subsidies
1441:electricity generation
1417:negative externalities
1373:
1259:Fossil fuel divestment
1255:
1244:Fossil fuel divestment
1218:sustainable production
1114:
1003:(thousand tonnes/TWh)
969:
816:fugitive gas emissions
719:
708:gross domestic product
683:
605:petrochemical industry
597:generating electricity
477:
449:
324:
295:concluded that no new
231:gross domestic product
7852:Interatomic potential
7643:Energy transformation
6277:Earth's energy budget
6160:Background and theory
6048:Climate crisis (term)
5720:Fossil fuel phase-out
5614:Economics and finance
5579:by individual country
5521:By country and region
5496:Security and conflict
5491:Psychological impacts
5175:Abrupt climate change
5098:Charles David Keeling
4931:By country and region
3772:Jogalekar, Ashutosh.
3471:New Political Economy
2353:6 August 2012 at the
1631:fossil fuel subsidies
1377:Fossil fuel subsidies
1371:
1362:Fossil fuel subsidies
1339:Fossil fuel exporters
1337:Further information:
1253:
1146:fossil fuel subsidies
1126:Fossil fuel phase-out
1120:Fossil fuel phase-out
1109:
963:
812:offshore oil drilling
716:
676:Global Carbon Project
673:
650:Environmental effects
613:construction of roads
579:using natural gas or
573:Industrial Revolution
455:
447:
318:
235:fossil fuel phase-out
189:In 2022, over 80% of
126:geological formations
8300:Efficient energy use
8273:Airborne wind energy
8251:Solar thermal energy
8158:Electricity delivery
7770:Thermodynamic system
7715:Irreversible process
7431:remnant natural area
7068:storage and recovery
6734:habitat conservation
6552:Deforestation (REDD)
6106:Glasgow Climate Pact
5767:Carbon sequestration
5337:Mass mortality event
4105:Ecological Economics
4030:Ecological Economics
2699:on 10 September 2007
2647:on 13 November 2007.
2490:. Cengage Learning.
2357:. quakeinfo.ucsd.edu
1900:(28 November 2020).
1681:Hydraulic fracturing
1545:environmental health
1512:paid representatives
1460:limit climate change
1286:fossil fuel industry
1210:social interventions
1134:limit climate change
575:. At the same time,
400:, which is found in
262:fossil-fuel industry
195:environmental damage
142:generate electricity
8322:Energy conservation
8244:Photovoltaic system
8217:Nuclear power plant
7902:Quantum fluctuation
7765:Thermodynamic state
7740:Thermal equilibrium
7385:Earth Overshoot Day
6959:Marine conservation
6940:non-timber products
6245:Climate sensitivity
6020:The Adaptation Fund
5476:Infectious diseases
5378:Social and economic
4815:. Minneapolis, MN:
4363:2022PNAS..11908024M
4357:(47): e2208024119.
4051:20.500.11850/517323
3940:10.3390/su122310069
3659:2021EnvRe.19510754V
3580:2011AIPC.1342...91L
3283:(2 December 2020).
3198:on 5 February 2007.
3027:2019NatGe..12..643P
2937:on 12 November 2020
2831:2008NatGe...1..636E
2770:Eating Fossil Fuels
2460:(Online ed.).
2425:(Online ed.).
2154:Energy Intelligence
2068:2019PNAS..116.7192L
1577:Chevron Corporation
1493:Lobbying activities
1413:exploration for oil
1401:residential heating
1305:divestment movement
1284:investments in the
1138:energy independence
854:emissions by 2050.
804:mountaintop removal
618:The energy for the
534:synthetic crude oil
240:Recognition of the
223:ocean acidification
8359:Sustainable energy
8337:Energy development
8327:Energy consumption
8163:Energy engineering
7370:Ecosystem services
6493:Ambient standards
5816:(LULUCF and AFOLU)
5788:Forest management
5772:Direct air capture
5737:Sustainable energy
5694:Net zero emissions
5689:Low-carbon economy
5684:Green Climate Fund
5471:Indigenous peoples
5369:Plant biodiversity
5157:Effects and issues
4755:The New York Times
4730:. 26 February 2022
4283:. 16 February 2023
4253:www.earthtrack.net
3518:The New York Times
1871:Michel T. Halbouty
1617:negotiations, and
1559:companies such as
1508:fossil fuels lobby
1500:Fossil fuels lobby
1391:, such as a lower
1374:
1343:Fossil fuels lobby
1333:Petroleum industry
1256:
1115:
970:
956:Illness and deaths
720:
684:
644:Earth's population
502:Natural gas, once
478:
450:
412:Terrestrial plants
329:fossilized remains
325:
266:heavily subsidized
258:sustainable energy
217:emissions causing
197:. Over 70% of the
8494:
8493:
8261:Solar power tower
7907:Quantum potential
7745:Thermal reservoir
7648:Energy transition
7533:
7532:
7511:
7510:
7310:
7309:
6989:genetic resources
6925:genetic resources
6560:
6559:
6468:Natural resources
6434:
6433:
6372:
6371:
6368:
6367:
6307:Radiative forcing
6150:
6149:
6146:
6145:
5970:Adaptive capacity
5855:
5854:
5851:
5850:
5715:Energy transition
5591:
5590:
5587:
5586:
5306:Tropical cyclones
5232:Urban heat island
5146:
5145:
5058:
5057:
5054:
5053:
5019:Carbon accounting
4973:Greenhouse effect
4939:
4938:
4228:Our World in Data
3752:Our World in Data
3588:10.1063/1.3583174
3552:Our World in Data
3223:on 27 March 2009.
3160:978-92-63-11248-4
3129:on 8 October 2015
3015:Nature Geoscience
2818:Nature Geoscience
2669:978-0-672-50829-5
2531:978-0-12-800374-9
2497:978-0-495-38337-6
2468:(Subscription or
2433:(Subscription or
2386:Extract of p. 360
2380:978-3-319-49347-3
2062:(15): 7192–7197.
1906:Our World in Data
1772:978-1-4987-3778-4
1623:COVID-19 pandemic
1593:industry lobbyist
1323:Industrial sector
1212:needed to secure
1200:
1199:
1142:energy transition
1136:, and strengthen
1095:
1094:
858:Inflation effects
763:calcium carbonate
640:population growth
528:rocks containing
458:COVID-19 pandemic
367:anoxic conditions
341:Mikhail Lomonosov
287:, as well as the
254:activist movement
250:policy transition
205:on Earth, mostly
203:Natural processes
173:organic molecules
16:(Redirected from
8560:
8535:
8534:
8533:
8525:Renewable energy
8523:
8522:
8511:
8510:
8502:
8482:
8481:
8470:
8458:
8457:
8446:
8445:
8420:Carbon footprint
8354:Renewable energy
8195:Hydroelectricity
8185:Geothermal power
7628:Energy condition
7560:
7553:
7546:
7537:
7536:
7523:
7522:
7474:
7421:Natural heritage
7380:overexploitation
7319:
7318:
7053:
7052:
6999:herbal medicines
6979:FAO Plant Treaty
6519:
6496:
6481:
6480:
6461:
6454:
6447:
6438:
6437:
6422:
6421:
6410:
6409:
6398:
6397:
6387:
6386:
6385:
6350:Paleoclimatology
6167:
6166:
6156:
6155:
5917:Ecological grief
5900:Climate movement
5875:
5874:
5861:
5860:
5841:Plant-based diet
5732:Renewable energy
5610:
5609:
5597:
5596:
5432:Economic impacts
5359:Invasive species
5215:Coastal flooding
5165:
5164:
5152:
5151:
5088:Svante Arrhenius
5064:
5063:
5034:from agriculture
5024:Carbon footprint
5009:Greenhouse gases
4958:
4957:
4945:
4944:
4897:
4896:
4882:
4875:
4868:
4859:
4858:
4826:. Lawrence, KS:
4799:
4798:
4796:
4794:
4780:
4774:
4773:
4771:
4769:
4746:
4740:
4739:
4737:
4735:
4720:
4711:
4710:
4708:
4706:
4691:
4682:
4681:
4679:
4677:
4672:. 7 January 2024
4662:
4656:
4655:
4653:
4651:
4636:
4627:
4626:
4624:
4622:
4607:
4601:
4588:
4582:
4569:
4563:
4550:
4544:
4543:
4541:
4539:
4516:
4510:
4509:
4507:
4505:
4490:
4484:
4483:
4481:
4479:
4460:
4454:
4453:
4451:
4449:
4435:
4429:
4428:
4426:
4424:
4409:
4403:
4402:
4392:
4374:
4342:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4331:
4316:
4310:
4309:
4307:
4299:
4293:
4292:
4290:
4288:
4273:
4264:
4263:
4261:
4259:
4245:
4239:
4238:
4236:
4234:
4220:
4214:
4213:
4205:
4197:
4191:
4190:
4188:
4186:
4171:
4165:
4164:
4162:
4160:
4145:
4139:
4138:
4128:
4096:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4085:
4070:
4064:
4063:
4053:
4021:
4015:
4014:
4003:
3997:
3996:
3994:
3992:
3987:. 8 October 2014
3977:
3971:
3970:
3968:
3966:
3951:
3945:
3944:
3942:
3918:
3912:
3911:
3909:
3907:
3892:
3886:
3885:
3883:
3881:
3875:Gofossilfree.org
3867:
3861:
3860:
3858:
3856:
3842:
3836:
3835:
3833:
3831:
3821:
3813:
3807:
3806:
3795:
3789:
3788:
3786:
3784:
3769:
3763:
3762:
3760:
3758:
3744:
3738:
3737:
3727:
3717:
3693:
3687:
3686:
3638:
3632:
3631:
3625:
3617:
3615:
3613:
3598:
3592:
3591:
3567:
3561:
3559:
3543:
3537:
3536:
3534:
3532:
3509:
3503:
3502:
3462:
3456:
3455:
3439:
3433:
3432:
3426:
3424:
3409:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3395:
3380:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3364:
3349:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3323:
3308:
3302:
3301:
3299:
3297:
3277:
3271:
3270:
3268:
3266:
3249:
3243:
3242:
3240:
3231:
3225:
3224:
3222:
3215:
3206:
3200:
3199:
3194:. Archived from
3183:
3177:
3176:
3174:
3172:
3167:on 10 March 2020
3163:. Archived from
3145:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3134:
3115:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3104:
3093:
3087:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3071:
3065:
3064:
3054:
3006:
3000:
2999:
2975:
2966:
2965:
2953:
2947:
2946:
2944:
2942:
2936:
2930:. Archived from
2915:
2910:Man and Technics
2901:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2890:
2875:
2869:
2868:
2862:
2854:
2853:on 23 July 2010.
2849:. Archived from
2808:
2802:
2801:
2790:
2784:
2767:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2756:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2732:
2730:
2725:. 10 August 2007
2715:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2704:
2698:
2691:
2680:
2674:
2673:
2655:
2649:
2648:
2636:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2625:
2615:
2609:
2608:
2596:
2580:
2571:
2570:
2568:
2557:
2549:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2515:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2481:
2475:
2473:
2465:
2453:
2446:
2440:
2438:
2430:
2418:
2411:
2405:
2404:
2394:
2388:
2384:
2364:
2358:
2345:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2319:
2313:
2312:
2294:
2284:
2260:
2254:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2224:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2172:
2166:
2165:
2163:
2161:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2123:(4 April 2022).
2117:
2111:
2110:
2097:
2079:
2047:
2041:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2030:Pacific Standard
2021:
2015:
2014:
2013:on 6 April 2020.
2012:
2006:. Archived from
2005:
1997:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1974:
1966:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1955:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1890:
1884:
1879:, Tulsa, Okla.:
1867:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1851:
1843:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1818:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1791:
1785:
1784:
1756:
1739:
1728:
1691:Low-carbon power
1676:Fossil Fuel Beta
1671:Fossil Fools Day
1597:Washington, D.C.
1458:thus helping to
1456:carbon emissions
1381:energy subsidies
1195:
1192:
1186:
1174:
1173:
1166:
988:
987:
966:renewable energy
847:António Guterres
828:renewable energy
620:Green Revolution
424:type III kerogen
337:Andreas Libavius
69:
58:
47:
21:
8568:
8567:
8563:
8562:
8561:
8559:
8558:
8557:
8543:
8542:
8541:
8531:
8529:
8517:
8505:
8497:
8495:
8490:
8434:
8430:Waste-to-energy
8408:
8344:Energy security
8290:
8284:
8140:
8132:
8111:Natural uranium
8045:
8026:Mechanical wave
7957:Energy carriers
7951:
7791:
7720:Isolated system
7598:
7592:
7569:
7564:
7534:
7529:
7507:
7472:
7452:
7438:Systems ecology
7404:Natural capital
7306:
7191:
7180:reclaimed water
7042:
7004:UPOV Convention
6852:
6647:
6556:
6530:
6526:Ozone depletion
6517:
6494:
6470:
6465:
6435:
6430:
6383:
6381:
6364:
6311:
6302:Orbital forcing
6196:
6161:
6142:
6116:Paris Agreement
6094:
6090:Warming stripes
6029:
5995:Managed retreat
5990:Loss and damage
5951:
5885:Business action
5869:
5847:
5824:
5747:
5741:
5698:
5659:Climate finance
5604:
5583:
5515:
5373:
5349:Extinction risk
5325:Flora and fauna
5320:
5281:Permafrost thaw
5276:Ozone depletion
5205:Extreme weather
5159:
5142:
5069:
5050:
4987:
4952:
4935:
4902:
4891:
4886:
4848:Wayback Machine
4837:
4808:
4806:Further reading
4803:
4802:
4792:
4790:
4782:
4781:
4777:
4767:
4765:
4747:
4743:
4733:
4731:
4722:
4721:
4714:
4704:
4702:
4692:
4685:
4675:
4673:
4664:
4663:
4659:
4649:
4647:
4638:
4637:
4630:
4620:
4618:
4609:
4608:
4604:
4599:Wayback Machine
4589:
4585:
4580:Wayback Machine
4570:
4566:
4561:Wayback Machine
4551:
4547:
4537:
4535:
4517:
4513:
4503:
4501:
4491:
4487:
4477:
4475:
4474:on 4 April 2023
4462:
4461:
4457:
4447:
4445:
4437:
4436:
4432:
4422:
4420:
4418:Financial Times
4410:
4406:
4343:
4339:
4329:
4327:
4317:
4313:
4305:
4301:
4300:
4296:
4286:
4284:
4275:
4274:
4267:
4257:
4255:
4247:
4246:
4242:
4232:
4230:
4222:
4221:
4217:
4203:
4199:
4198:
4194:
4184:
4182:
4180:Financial Times
4172:
4168:
4158:
4156:
4154:Financial Times
4146:
4142:
4097:
4093:
4083:
4081:
4071:
4067:
4022:
4018:
4013:. 26 July 2023.
4005:
4004:
4000:
3990:
3988:
3979:
3978:
3974:
3964:
3962:
3953:
3952:
3948:
3919:
3915:
3905:
3903:
3893:
3889:
3879:
3877:
3869:
3868:
3864:
3854:
3852:
3844:
3843:
3839:
3829:
3827:
3819:
3815:
3814:
3810:
3797:
3796:
3792:
3782:
3780:
3770:
3766:
3756:
3754:
3746:
3745:
3741:
3694:
3690:
3639:
3635:
3619:
3618:
3611:
3609:
3599:
3595:
3568:
3564:
3544:
3540:
3530:
3528:
3510:
3506:
3463:
3459:
3440:
3436:
3422:
3420:
3410:
3403:
3393:
3391:
3381:
3372:
3362:
3360:
3350:
3331:
3321:
3319:
3318:. December 2020
3310:
3309:
3305:
3295:
3293:
3278:
3274:
3264:
3262:
3250:
3246:
3238:
3232:
3228:
3220:
3213:
3207:
3203:
3186:Gabbard, Alex.
3184:
3180:
3170:
3168:
3161:
3147:
3146:
3142:
3132:
3130:
3117:
3116:
3112:
3102:
3100:
3094:
3090:
3080:
3078:
3073:
3072:
3068:
3007:
3003:
2996:
2976:
2969:
2954:
2950:
2940:
2938:
2934:
2928:
2918:Alfred A. Knopf
2913:
2905:Oswald Spengler
2902:
2898:
2888:
2886:
2876:
2872:
2856:
2855:
2839:10.1038/ngeo325
2825:(10): 636–639.
2809:
2805:
2792:
2791:
2787:
2782:Wayback Machine
2768:
2764:
2754:
2752:
2742:
2738:
2728:
2726:
2717:
2716:
2712:
2702:
2700:
2696:
2689:
2681:
2677:
2670:
2656:
2652:
2637:
2633:
2623:
2621:
2617:
2616:
2612:
2581:
2574:
2566:
2555:
2551:
2550:
2546:
2536:
2534:
2532:
2516:
2512:
2502:
2500:
2498:
2482:
2478:
2467:
2447:
2443:
2432:
2412:
2408:
2395:
2391:
2381:
2365:
2361:
2355:Wayback Machine
2346:
2342:
2332:
2330:
2321:
2320:
2316:
2261:
2257:
2247:
2245:
2225:
2221:
2211:
2209:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2185:
2183:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2159:
2157:
2156:. 14 April 2022
2148:
2147:
2143:
2133:
2131:
2118:
2114:
2048:
2044:
2034:
2032:
2024:Zhang, Sharon.
2022:
2018:
2010:
2003:
1999:
1998:
1991:
1983:
1972:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1953:
1951:
1943:
1942:
1938:
1928:
1926:
1918:
1917:
1913:
1894:Ritchie, Hannah
1891:
1887:
1868:
1864:
1856:
1849:
1845:
1844:
1837:
1827:
1825:
1820:
1819:
1815:
1805:
1803:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1773:
1757:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1742:
1729:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1640:
1635:
1634:
1503:
1495:
1490:
1489:
1482:energy security
1468:water subsidies
1427:due to burning
1365:
1357:
1345:
1335:
1327:Main articles:
1325:
1320:
1319:
1247:
1239:
1234:
1233:
1230:climate justice
1224:and protecting
1214:workers' rights
1202:Just transition
1196:
1190:
1187:
1184:
1175:
1171:
1163:
1160:Just transition
1155:
1153:Just transition
1150:
1149:
1123:
1104:
1002:
1000:
995:
958:
942:
918:
906:Isabel Schnabel
888:
860:
725:
693:
681:
668:
662:
654:Main articles:
652:
626:(natural gas),
587:and its use in
514:Heavy crude oil
466:tax write-downs
442:
436:
420:Earth's history
375:geological time
313:
274:stranded assets
270:just transition
180:carbon fixation
167:of buried dead
98:carbon compound
90:
89:
88:
87:
72:
71:
70:
61:
60:
59:
50:
49:
48:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8566:
8556:
8555:
8540:
8539:
8537:Climate change
8527:
8515:
8492:
8491:
8489:
8488:
8476:
8464:
8452:
8439:
8436:
8435:
8433:
8432:
8427:
8425:Jevons paradox
8422:
8416:
8414:
8410:
8409:
8407:
8406:
8401:
8396:
8391:
8386:
8381:
8376:
8371:
8366:
8361:
8356:
8351:
8349:Energy storage
8346:
8341:
8340:
8339:
8329:
8324:
8319:
8318:
8317:
8312:
8307:
8296:
8294:
8286:
8285:
8283:
8282:
8281:
8280:
8275:
8265:
8264:
8263:
8258:
8248:
8247:
8246:
8241:
8231:
8226:
8225:
8224:
8219:
8209:
8208:
8207:
8202:
8197:
8187:
8182:
8181:
8180:
8175:
8165:
8160:
8155:
8153:Electric power
8150:
8144:
8142:
8134:
8133:
8131:
8130:
8125:
8120:
8115:
8114:
8113:
8103:
8098:
8093:
8088:
8083:
8082:
8081:
8076:
8071:
8061:
8055:
8053:
8051:Primary energy
8047:
8046:
8044:
8043:
8038:
8033:
8028:
8023:
8022:
8021:
8011:
8010:
8009:
7999:
7998:
7997:
7992:
7982:
7977:
7972:
7967:
7961:
7959:
7953:
7952:
7950:
7949:
7944:
7939:
7934:
7929:
7924:
7919:
7914:
7909:
7904:
7899:
7894:
7889:
7884:
7879:
7874:
7869:
7864:
7859:
7854:
7849:
7848:
7847:
7837:
7832:
7827:
7822:
7817:
7812:
7811:
7810:
7799:
7797:
7793:
7792:
7790:
7789:
7788:
7787:
7782:
7777:
7772:
7767:
7762:
7757:
7752:
7747:
7742:
7737:
7732:
7727:
7722:
7717:
7712:
7707:
7702:
7697:
7692:
7687:
7685:Entropic force
7682:
7675:Thermodynamics
7672:
7667:
7666:
7665:
7660:
7650:
7645:
7640:
7635:
7630:
7625:
7624:
7623:
7613:
7608:
7602:
7600:
7594:
7593:
7591:
7590:
7585:
7580:
7574:
7571:
7570:
7563:
7562:
7555:
7548:
7540:
7531:
7530:
7528:
7527:
7516:
7513:
7512:
7509:
7508:
7506:
7505:
7496:
7491:
7486:
7481:
7476:
7473:(perpetuation)
7468:
7462:
7460:
7454:
7453:
7451:
7450:
7445:
7440:
7435:
7434:
7433:
7426:Nature reserve
7423:
7418:
7417:
7416:
7411:
7401:
7400:
7399:
7389:
7388:
7387:
7382:
7372:
7367:
7366:
7365:
7360:
7350:
7349:
7348:
7343:
7338:
7333:
7322:
7316:
7312:
7311:
7308:
7307:
7305:
7304:
7303:
7302:
7297:
7287:
7282:
7277:
7272:
7267:
7262:
7257:
7252:
7247:
7242:
7237:
7232:
7231:
7230:
7220:
7215:
7210:
7205:
7199:
7197:
7193:
7192:
7190:
7189:
7184:
7183:
7182:
7172:
7167:
7162:
7161:
7160:
7150:
7145:
7144:
7143:
7131:
7130:
7129:
7124:
7119:
7109:
7104:
7103:
7102:
7097:
7092:
7082:
7077:
7072:
7071:
7070:
7059:
7057:
7050:
7044:
7043:
7041:
7040:
7039:
7038:
7033:
7023:
7018:
7013:
7012:
7011:
7006:
7001:
6996:
6991:
6986:
6981:
6971:
6966:
6961:
6956:
6955:
6954:
6944:
6943:
6942:
6937:
6932:
6927:
6917:
6916:
6915:
6910:
6905:
6903:climate change
6895:
6890:
6885:
6880:
6879:
6878:
6871:Bioprospecting
6868:
6862:
6860:
6854:
6853:
6851:
6850:
6849:
6848:
6843:
6833:
6832:
6831:
6826:
6821:
6816:
6806:
6805:
6804:
6799:
6798:
6797:
6792:
6782:
6781:
6780:
6775:
6765:
6764:
6763:
6753:
6748:
6738:
6737:
6736:
6726:
6725:
6724:
6714:
6713:
6712:
6707:
6702:
6697:
6687:
6682:
6677:
6676:
6675:
6674:
6673:
6657:
6655:
6649:
6648:
6646:
6645:
6640:
6639:
6638:
6633:
6623:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6586:
6581:
6576:
6570:
6568:
6562:
6561:
6558:
6557:
6555:
6554:
6549:
6544:
6538:
6536:
6532:
6531:
6529:
6528:
6523:
6522:
6521:
6516:Clean Air Act
6508:
6503:
6498:
6489:
6487:
6478:
6472:
6471:
6464:
6463:
6456:
6449:
6441:
6432:
6431:
6429:
6428:
6416:
6404:
6392:
6377:
6374:
6373:
6370:
6369:
6366:
6365:
6363:
6362:
6357:
6352:
6347:
6346:
6345:
6335:
6330:
6325:
6319:
6317:
6313:
6312:
6310:
6309:
6304:
6299:
6294:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6274:
6269:
6268:
6267:
6257:
6255:Cloud feedback
6252:
6247:
6242:
6237:
6236:
6235:
6230:
6225:
6220:
6210:
6204:
6202:
6198:
6197:
6195:
6194:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6173:
6171:
6163:
6162:
6152:
6151:
6148:
6147:
6144:
6143:
6141:
6140:
6135:
6130:
6129:
6128:
6123:
6113:
6111:Kyoto Protocol
6108:
6102:
6100:
6096:
6095:
6093:
6092:
6087:
6086:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6065:
6063:Media coverage
6060:
6055:
6053:Climate spiral
6050:
6045:
6039:
6037:
6031:
6030:
6028:
6027:
6022:
6017:
6012:
6007:
6002:
5997:
5992:
5987:
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5961:
5959:
5953:
5952:
5950:
5949:
5944:
5942:Public opinion
5939:
5934:
5929:
5924:
5919:
5914:
5909:
5908:
5907:
5897:
5892:
5890:Climate action
5887:
5881:
5879:
5871:
5870:
5857:
5856:
5853:
5852:
5849:
5848:
5846:
5845:
5844:
5843:
5832:
5830:
5826:
5825:
5823:
5822:
5817:
5811:
5810:
5809:
5804:
5802:REDD and REDD+
5799:
5794:
5786:
5781:
5779:Carbon farming
5776:
5775:
5774:
5769:
5759:
5753:
5751:
5743:
5742:
5740:
5739:
5734:
5729:
5724:
5723:
5722:
5712:
5706:
5704:
5700:
5699:
5697:
5696:
5691:
5686:
5681:
5676:
5671:
5666:
5661:
5656:
5651:
5646:
5641:
5640:
5639:
5629:
5624:
5618:
5616:
5606:
5605:
5593:
5592:
5589:
5588:
5585:
5584:
5582:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5556:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5525:
5523:
5517:
5516:
5514:
5513:
5511:Water security
5508:
5506:Water scarcity
5503:
5501:Urban flooding
5498:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5462:
5461:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5440:
5439:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5414:
5409:
5404:
5399:
5398:
5397:
5392:
5381:
5379:
5375:
5374:
5372:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5354:Forest dieback
5351:
5346:
5341:
5340:
5339:
5328:
5326:
5322:
5321:
5319:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5298:
5293:
5291:Sea level rise
5288:
5283:
5278:
5273:
5272:
5271:
5266:
5264:stratification
5261:
5256:
5251:
5246:
5236:
5235:
5234:
5229:
5219:
5218:
5217:
5207:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5177:
5171:
5169:
5161:
5160:
5148:
5147:
5144:
5143:
5141:
5140:
5139:
5138:
5133:
5128:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5105:
5100:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5074:
5071:
5070:
5060:
5059:
5056:
5055:
5052:
5051:
5049:
5048:
5043:
5042:
5041:
5036:
5031:
5029:Carbon leakage
5026:
5021:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4995:
4993:
4989:
4988:
4986:
4985:
4980:
4970:
4968:Climate system
4964:
4962:
4954:
4953:
4941:
4940:
4937:
4936:
4934:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4907:
4904:
4903:
4893:
4892:
4889:Climate change
4885:
4884:
4877:
4870:
4862:
4856:
4855:
4850:
4836:
4835:External links
4833:
4832:
4831:
4820:
4807:
4804:
4801:
4800:
4775:
4741:
4712:
4683:
4657:
4646:. 5 April 2022
4628:
4617:. 14 June 2021
4602:
4583:
4564:
4545:
4511:
4485:
4455:
4430:
4404:
4337:
4311:
4294:
4265:
4240:
4215:
4192:
4166:
4140:
4091:
4065:
4016:
3998:
3972:
3946:
3927:Sustainability
3913:
3887:
3862:
3837:
3808:
3790:
3764:
3739:
3688:
3633:
3593:
3562:
3538:
3504:
3477:(5): 797–816.
3457:
3448:Intereconomics
3434:
3401:
3370:
3329:
3303:
3272:
3244:
3226:
3201:
3178:
3159:
3140:
3110:
3088:
3066:
3021:(8): 643–649.
3001:
2995:978-0128120217
2994:
2967:
2948:
2926:
2896:
2870:
2803:
2785:
2774:EnergyBulletin
2762:
2736:
2710:
2675:
2668:
2650:
2631:
2610:
2572:
2544:
2530:
2510:
2496:
2476:
2441:
2406:
2389:
2379:
2359:
2348:Oil fields map
2340:
2314:
2255:
2219:
2208:. 5 April 2022
2193:
2167:
2141:
2121:Dickie, Gloria
2112:
2042:
2016:
1989:
1977:Ipcc_Ar6_Wgiii
1961:
1936:
1911:
1885:
1862:
1835:
1822:"Fossil fuels"
1813:
1786:
1771:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1651:Bioremediation
1648:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1599:In Australia,
1591:is a powerful
1581:ConocoPhillips
1549:climate action
1504:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1425:climate change
1366:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1324:
1321:
1263:climate change
1248:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1198:
1197:
1191:September 2024
1178:
1176:
1169:
1164:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1124:
1116:
1103:
1100:
1093:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1082:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1063:Nuclear energy
1060:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1016:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1005:
1004:
999:Greenhouse gas
997:
994:Nos. of deaths
992:
957:
954:
941:
938:
917:
914:
887:
884:
878:in August 2022
859:
856:
820:Oil refineries
723:
696:climate change
691:
679:
651:
648:
474:windfall taxes
470:greenhouse gas
435:
432:
345:Caspar Neumann
312:
309:
285:climate action
260:. Because the
242:climate crisis
219:global warming
215:greenhouse gas
177:photosynthetic
74:
73:
64:
63:
62:
53:
52:
51:
42:
41:
40:
39:
38:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8565:
8554:
8551:
8550:
8548:
8538:
8528:
8526:
8521:
8516:
8514:
8509:
8504:
8503:
8500:
8487:
8486:
8477:
8475:
8474:
8469:
8465:
8463:
8462:
8453:
8451:
8450:
8441:
8440:
8437:
8431:
8428:
8426:
8423:
8421:
8418:
8417:
8415:
8411:
8405:
8404:United States
8402:
8400:
8399:South America
8397:
8395:
8392:
8390:
8387:
8385:
8382:
8380:
8377:
8375:
8372:
8370:
8367:
8365:
8362:
8360:
8357:
8355:
8352:
8350:
8347:
8345:
8342:
8338:
8335:
8334:
8333:
8332:Energy policy
8330:
8328:
8325:
8323:
8320:
8316:
8313:
8311:
8308:
8306:
8303:
8302:
8301:
8298:
8297:
8295:
8293:
8287:
8279:
8276:
8274:
8271:
8270:
8269:
8266:
8262:
8259:
8257:
8256:Solar furnace
8254:
8253:
8252:
8249:
8245:
8242:
8240:
8237:
8236:
8235:
8232:
8230:
8227:
8223:
8220:
8218:
8215:
8214:
8213:
8212:Nuclear power
8210:
8206:
8203:
8201:
8198:
8196:
8193:
8192:
8191:
8188:
8186:
8183:
8179:
8176:
8174:
8171:
8170:
8169:
8166:
8164:
8161:
8159:
8156:
8154:
8151:
8149:
8146:
8145:
8143:
8139:
8138:Energy system
8135:
8129:
8126:
8124:
8121:
8119:
8116:
8112:
8109:
8108:
8107:
8104:
8102:
8099:
8097:
8094:
8092:
8091:Gravitational
8089:
8087:
8084:
8080:
8077:
8075:
8072:
8070:
8067:
8066:
8065:
8062:
8060:
8057:
8056:
8054:
8052:
8048:
8042:
8039:
8037:
8034:
8032:
8029:
8027:
8024:
8020:
8019:Hydrogen fuel
8017:
8016:
8015:
8012:
8008:
8005:
8004:
8003:
8000:
7996:
7993:
7991:
7988:
7987:
7986:
7983:
7981:
7978:
7976:
7973:
7971:
7968:
7966:
7963:
7962:
7960:
7958:
7954:
7948:
7945:
7943:
7940:
7938:
7935:
7933:
7930:
7928:
7925:
7923:
7920:
7918:
7915:
7913:
7910:
7908:
7905:
7903:
7900:
7898:
7895:
7893:
7890:
7888:
7885:
7883:
7880:
7878:
7875:
7873:
7870:
7868:
7865:
7863:
7860:
7858:
7855:
7853:
7850:
7846:
7843:
7842:
7841:
7840:Gravitational
7838:
7836:
7833:
7831:
7828:
7826:
7823:
7821:
7818:
7816:
7813:
7809:
7806:
7805:
7804:
7801:
7800:
7798:
7794:
7786:
7783:
7781:
7778:
7776:
7773:
7771:
7768:
7766:
7763:
7761:
7758:
7756:
7753:
7751:
7748:
7746:
7743:
7741:
7738:
7736:
7733:
7731:
7728:
7726:
7723:
7721:
7718:
7716:
7713:
7711:
7710:Heat transfer
7708:
7706:
7705:Heat capacity
7703:
7701:
7698:
7696:
7693:
7691:
7688:
7686:
7683:
7681:
7678:
7677:
7676:
7673:
7671:
7668:
7664:
7661:
7659:
7658:Negative mass
7656:
7655:
7654:
7651:
7649:
7646:
7644:
7641:
7639:
7638:Energy system
7636:
7634:
7631:
7629:
7626:
7622:
7619:
7618:
7617:
7614:
7612:
7609:
7607:
7604:
7603:
7601:
7595:
7589:
7586:
7584:
7581:
7579:
7576:
7575:
7572:
7568:
7561:
7556:
7554:
7549:
7547:
7542:
7541:
7538:
7526:
7518:
7517:
7514:
7504:
7503:Non-renewable
7500:
7497:
7495:
7492:
7490:
7487:
7485:
7482:
7480:
7477:
7475:
7469:
7467:
7464:
7463:
7461:
7459:
7455:
7449:
7446:
7444:
7443:Urban ecology
7441:
7439:
7436:
7432:
7429:
7428:
7427:
7424:
7422:
7419:
7415:
7412:
7410:
7407:
7406:
7405:
7402:
7398:
7395:
7394:
7393:
7390:
7386:
7383:
7381:
7378:
7377:
7376:
7373:
7371:
7368:
7364:
7361:
7359:
7356:
7355:
7354:
7351:
7347:
7344:
7342:
7339:
7337:
7334:
7332:
7329:
7328:
7327:
7324:
7323:
7320:
7317:
7313:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7292:
7291:
7288:
7286:
7283:
7281:
7278:
7276:
7275:Privatization
7273:
7271:
7268:
7266:
7263:
7261:
7258:
7256:
7253:
7251:
7248:
7246:
7243:
7241:
7238:
7236:
7233:
7229:
7226:
7225:
7224:
7221:
7219:
7216:
7214:
7211:
7209:
7206:
7204:
7201:
7200:
7198:
7194:
7188:
7185:
7181:
7178:
7177:
7176:
7173:
7171:
7170:Surface water
7168:
7166:
7163:
7159:
7156:
7155:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7146:
7142:
7141:
7137:
7136:
7135:
7132:
7128:
7125:
7123:
7120:
7118:
7115:
7114:
7113:
7110:
7108:
7105:
7101:
7098:
7096:
7093:
7091:
7088:
7087:
7086:
7083:
7081:
7078:
7076:
7073:
7069:
7066:
7065:
7064:
7061:
7060:
7058:
7054:
7051:
7049:
7045:
7037:
7034:
7032:
7029:
7028:
7027:
7024:
7022:
7019:
7017:
7014:
7010:
7007:
7005:
7002:
7000:
6997:
6995:
6992:
6990:
6987:
6985:
6982:
6980:
6977:
6976:
6975:
6972:
6970:
6967:
6965:
6962:
6960:
6957:
6953:
6950:
6949:
6948:
6945:
6941:
6938:
6936:
6933:
6931:
6928:
6926:
6923:
6922:
6921:
6918:
6914:
6911:
6909:
6906:
6904:
6901:
6900:
6899:
6896:
6894:
6891:
6889:
6886:
6884:
6881:
6877:
6874:
6873:
6872:
6869:
6867:
6864:
6863:
6861:
6859:
6855:
6847:
6844:
6842:
6839:
6838:
6837:
6834:
6830:
6827:
6825:
6822:
6820:
6817:
6815:
6812:
6811:
6810:
6807:
6803:
6800:
6796:
6793:
6791:
6788:
6787:
6786:
6783:
6779:
6776:
6774:
6771:
6770:
6769:
6766:
6762:
6759:
6758:
6757:
6754:
6752:
6749:
6747:
6744:
6743:
6742:
6739:
6735:
6732:
6731:
6730:
6727:
6723:
6720:
6719:
6718:
6715:
6711:
6708:
6706:
6703:
6701:
6698:
6696:
6693:
6692:
6691:
6688:
6686:
6683:
6681:
6678:
6672:
6671:peak farmland
6669:
6668:
6667:
6664:
6663:
6662:
6659:
6658:
6656:
6654:
6650:
6644:
6641:
6637:
6634:
6632:
6629:
6628:
6627:
6624:
6622:
6619:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6609:
6606:
6602:
6598:
6594:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6571:
6569:
6567:
6563:
6553:
6550:
6548:
6545:
6543:
6540:
6539:
6537:
6533:
6527:
6524:
6520:
6514:
6513:
6512:
6509:
6507:
6504:
6502:
6499:
6497:
6491:
6490:
6488:
6486:
6482:
6479:
6477:
6473:
6469:
6462:
6457:
6455:
6450:
6448:
6443:
6442:
6439:
6427:
6426:
6417:
6415:
6414:
6405:
6403:
6402:
6393:
6391:
6390:
6379:
6378:
6375:
6361:
6358:
6356:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6344:
6341:
6340:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6328:Climate model
6326:
6324:
6321:
6320:
6318:
6314:
6308:
6305:
6303:
6300:
6298:
6295:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6283:
6280:
6278:
6275:
6273:
6270:
6266:
6263:
6262:
6261:
6260:Cloud forcing
6258:
6256:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6246:
6243:
6241:
6238:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6215:
6214:
6211:
6209:
6206:
6205:
6203:
6199:
6193:
6190:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6175:
6174:
6172:
6168:
6164:
6157:
6153:
6139:
6136:
6134:
6131:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6118:
6117:
6114:
6112:
6109:
6107:
6104:
6103:
6101:
6097:
6091:
6088:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6070:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6040:
6038:
6036:
6035:Communication
6032:
6026:
6023:
6021:
6018:
6016:
6015:Vulnerability
6013:
6011:
6008:
6006:
6003:
6001:
5998:
5996:
5993:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5985:Flood control
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5962:
5960:
5958:
5954:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5906:
5903:
5902:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5886:
5883:
5882:
5880:
5876:
5872:
5868:
5862:
5858:
5842:
5839:
5838:
5837:
5834:
5833:
5831:
5827:
5821:
5818:
5815:
5812:
5808:
5807:reforestation
5805:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5792:afforestation
5790:
5789:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5773:
5770:
5768:
5765:
5764:
5763:
5760:
5758:
5755:
5754:
5752:
5750:
5744:
5738:
5735:
5733:
5730:
5728:
5727:Nuclear power
5725:
5721:
5718:
5717:
5716:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5707:
5705:
5701:
5695:
5692:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5680:
5677:
5675:
5672:
5670:
5667:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5655:
5652:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5638:
5635:
5634:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5622:Carbon budget
5620:
5619:
5617:
5615:
5611:
5607:
5603:
5598:
5594:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5526:
5524:
5522:
5518:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5460:
5459:Mental health
5457:
5456:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5438:
5435:
5434:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5413:
5410:
5408:
5405:
5403:
5400:
5396:
5395:United States
5393:
5391:
5388:
5387:
5386:
5383:
5382:
5380:
5376:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5338:
5335:
5334:
5333:
5330:
5329:
5327:
5323:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5270:
5267:
5265:
5262:
5260:
5257:
5255:
5252:
5250:
5249:deoxygenation
5247:
5245:
5244:acidification
5242:
5241:
5240:
5237:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5224:
5223:
5220:
5216:
5213:
5212:
5211:
5208:
5206:
5203:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5172:
5170:
5166:
5162:
5158:
5153:
5149:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5108:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5075:
5072:
5065:
5061:
5047:
5044:
5040:
5039:from wetlands
5037:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5016:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4999:Deforestation
4997:
4996:
4994:
4990:
4984:
4981:
4978:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4965:
4963:
4959:
4955:
4951:
4946:
4942:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4908:
4905:
4898:
4894:
4890:
4883:
4878:
4876:
4871:
4869:
4864:
4863:
4860:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4845:
4842:
4839:
4838:
4829:
4825:
4822:Bob Johnson,
4821:
4818:
4814:
4810:
4809:
4789:
4785:
4779:
4764:
4760:
4756:
4752:
4745:
4729:
4725:
4719:
4717:
4701:
4697:
4690:
4688:
4671:
4667:
4661:
4645:
4641:
4635:
4633:
4616:
4612:
4606:
4600:
4596:
4593:
4587:
4581:
4577:
4574:
4568:
4562:
4558:
4555:
4549:
4534:
4530:
4526:
4522:
4515:
4500:
4496:
4489:
4473:
4469:
4468:Greenhouse PR
4465:
4459:
4444:
4440:
4434:
4419:
4415:
4408:
4400:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4382:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4364:
4360:
4356:
4352:
4348:
4341:
4326:
4322:
4315:
4304:
4298:
4282:
4278:
4272:
4270:
4254:
4250:
4244:
4229:
4225:
4219:
4211:
4210:
4202:
4196:
4181:
4177:
4170:
4155:
4151:
4144:
4136:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4118:
4114:
4110:
4106:
4102:
4095:
4080:
4076:
4069:
4061:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4043:
4039:
4035:
4031:
4027:
4020:
4012:
4008:
4002:
3986:
3982:
3976:
3960:
3959:Unity College
3956:
3950:
3941:
3936:
3933:(23): 10069.
3932:
3928:
3924:
3917:
3902:
3898:
3891:
3876:
3872:
3866:
3851:
3847:
3841:
3825:
3818:
3812:
3804:
3800:
3794:
3779:
3775:
3768:
3753:
3749:
3743:
3735:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3707:
3703:
3699:
3692:
3684:
3680:
3676:
3672:
3668:
3664:
3660:
3656:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3637:
3629:
3623:
3608:
3604:
3597:
3589:
3585:
3581:
3577:
3573:
3566:
3557:
3553:
3549:
3542:
3527:
3523:
3519:
3515:
3508:
3500:
3496:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3480:
3476:
3472:
3468:
3461:
3453:
3449:
3445:
3438:
3431:
3419:
3415:
3408:
3406:
3390:
3386:
3379:
3377:
3375:
3359:
3355:
3348:
3346:
3344:
3342:
3340:
3338:
3336:
3334:
3317:
3313:
3307:
3292:
3291:
3286:
3282:
3281:Harvey, Fiona
3276:
3261:
3260:
3255:
3248:
3237:
3230:
3219:
3212:
3205:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3182:
3166:
3162:
3156:
3152:
3151:
3144:
3128:
3124:
3120:
3114:
3099:
3092:
3076:
3070:
3062:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3012:
3005:
2997:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2982:
2974:
2972:
2964:(2): 573–596.
2963:
2959:
2958:CQ Researcher
2952:
2933:
2929:
2927:0-8371-8875-X
2923:
2919:
2912:
2911:
2906:
2900:
2885:
2881:
2874:
2866:
2860:
2852:
2848:
2844:
2840:
2836:
2832:
2828:
2824:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2807:
2800:. 6 May 2022.
2799:
2795:
2789:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2766:
2751:
2747:
2740:
2724:
2720:
2714:
2695:
2688:
2687:
2679:
2671:
2665:
2661:
2654:
2646:
2642:
2635:
2620:
2614:
2606:
2602:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2579:
2577:
2565:
2561:
2554:
2548:
2533:
2527:
2523:
2522:
2514:
2499:
2493:
2489:
2488:
2480:
2471:
2463:
2459:
2458:
2452:
2445:
2436:
2428:
2424:
2423:
2417:
2410:
2402:
2401:
2393:
2387:
2382:
2376:
2372:
2371:
2363:
2356:
2352:
2349:
2344:
2329:. 18 May 2021
2328:
2324:
2318:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2259:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2235:
2230:
2223:
2207:
2203:
2197:
2182:. 8 June 2020
2181:
2177:
2171:
2155:
2151:
2145:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2116:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2046:
2031:
2027:
2020:
2009:
2002:
1996:
1994:
1982:
1978:
1971:
1965:
1950:
1946:
1940:
1925:
1921:
1915:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1889:
1882:
1878:
1877:
1872:
1866:
1855:
1848:
1842:
1840:
1823:
1817:
1802:
1801:
1796:
1795:"Fossil fuel"
1790:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1768:
1764:
1763:
1755:
1751:
1737:
1733:
1727:
1723:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1656:Carbon bubble
1654:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1643:
1642:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1573:TotalEnergies
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1552:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
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1487:
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1475:
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1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1448:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1421:air pollution
1418:
1414:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1370:
1363:
1352:
1350:
1344:
1340:
1334:
1330:
1329:Coal industry
1317:
1312:
1310:
1306:
1301:
1299:
1295:
1294:Unity College
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1278:United States
1274:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1252:
1245:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
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1203:
1194:
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1177:
1168:
1167:
1161:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1130:air pollution
1127:
1121:
1112:
1111:Bloomberg NEF
1108:
1099:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1006:
998:
993:
991:Energy source
990:
989:
986:
984:
983:terawatt-hour
978:
975:
967:
962:
953:
951:
947:
937:
935:
930:
926:
922:
921:Gernot Wagner
913:
911:
907:
903:
898:
896:
892:
883:
881:
877:
876:
872:According to
870:
868:
864:
863:Fossilflation
855:
853:
848:
844:
840:
839:doubling down
835:
833:
829:
824:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
800:
798:
797:Fly ash reuse
794:
790:
785:
783:
779:
775:
771:
766:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
743:
741:
737:
733:
729:
715:
711:
709:
705:
701:
697:
689:
688:externalities
677:
672:
667:
661:
657:
647:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
616:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
569:steam engines
566:
562:
558:
554:
549:
547:
543:
542:disinvestment
539:
536:when heated (
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
509:
505:
500:
497:
495:
491:
487:
483:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
454:
446:
441:
431:
429:
425:
421:
417:
416:Carboniferous
413:
409:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
384:, mixed with
383:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
360:
359:phytoplankton
355:
352:
351:
346:
342:
338:
334:
333:Earth's crust
330:
322:
317:
308:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
277:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
238:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
211:methane leaks
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
187:
185:
181:
178:
174:
170:
166:
161:
159:
155:
151:
147:
146:steam turbine
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
118:Earth's crust
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
86:
82:
78:
68:
57:
46:
37:
33:
19:
18:Oil & gas
8553:Fossil fuels
8483:
8471:
8459:
8447:
8229:Oil refinery
8173:Cogeneration
8106:Nuclear fuel
8063:
7989:
7912:Quintessence
7700:Free entropy
7633:Energy level
7597:Fundamental
7501: /
7375:Exploitation
7260:Conservation
7203:Desalination
7138:
7031:conservation
6866:Biodiversity
6814:conservation
6661:Agricultural
6589:Fossil fuels
6588:
6423:
6411:
6399:
6380:
6213:Carbon cycle
6170:Measurements
5865:Society and
5749:carbon sinks
5654:Climate debt
5644:Carbon price
5466:Human rights
5296:Season creep
5254:heat content
5180:Anoxic event
5093:James Hansen
5003:
4823:
4812:
4791:. Retrieved
4787:
4778:
4766:. Retrieved
4754:
4744:
4732:. Retrieved
4728:The Guardian
4727:
4703:. Retrieved
4699:
4674:. Retrieved
4669:
4660:
4648:. Retrieved
4644:The Guardian
4643:
4619:. Retrieved
4614:
4605:
4586:
4567:
4548:
4536:. Retrieved
4525:The Guardian
4524:
4514:
4502:. Retrieved
4498:
4488:
4476:. Retrieved
4472:the original
4467:
4458:
4446:. Retrieved
4442:
4433:
4421:. Retrieved
4417:
4407:
4354:
4350:
4340:
4328:. Retrieved
4324:
4314:
4297:
4285:. Retrieved
4280:
4256:. Retrieved
4252:
4243:
4231:. Retrieved
4227:
4218:
4207:
4195:
4183:. Retrieved
4179:
4169:
4157:. Retrieved
4153:
4143:
4108:
4104:
4094:
4082:. Retrieved
4078:
4068:
4033:
4029:
4019:
4010:
4001:
3989:. Retrieved
3985:The Guardian
3984:
3975:
3963:. Retrieved
3961:. 5 May 2020
3958:
3949:
3930:
3926:
3916:
3904:. Retrieved
3900:
3890:
3878:. Retrieved
3874:
3865:
3853:. Retrieved
3849:
3840:
3828:. Retrieved
3826:. March 2015
3823:
3811:
3793:
3781:. Retrieved
3777:
3767:
3755:. Retrieved
3751:
3742:
3705:
3701:
3691:
3650:
3646:
3636:
3610:. Retrieved
3606:
3596:
3571:
3565:
3551:
3541:
3529:. Retrieved
3517:
3507:
3474:
3470:
3460:
3451:
3447:
3437:
3428:
3421:. Retrieved
3418:heatmap.news
3417:
3392:. Retrieved
3388:
3361:. Retrieved
3357:
3320:. Retrieved
3306:
3294:. Retrieved
3290:The Guardian
3288:
3275:
3263:. Retrieved
3259:The Guardian
3257:
3247:
3229:
3218:the original
3204:
3196:the original
3191:
3181:
3169:. Retrieved
3165:the original
3149:
3143:
3131:. Retrieved
3127:the original
3122:
3113:
3101:. Retrieved
3091:
3079:. Retrieved
3069:
3018:
3014:
3004:
2980:
2961:
2957:
2951:
2939:. Retrieved
2932:the original
2909:
2899:
2887:. Retrieved
2884:The Guardian
2883:
2873:
2859:cite journal
2851:the original
2822:
2816:
2806:
2797:
2788:
2765:
2753:. Retrieved
2750:The Guardian
2749:
2739:
2727:. Retrieved
2722:
2713:
2701:. Retrieved
2694:the original
2685:
2678:
2659:
2653:
2645:the original
2634:
2622:. Retrieved
2613:
2588:
2559:
2547:
2535:. Retrieved
2524:. Elsevier.
2520:
2513:
2501:. Retrieved
2486:
2479:
2455:
2444:
2420:
2409:
2399:
2392:
2369:
2362:
2343:
2331:. Retrieved
2327:the Guardian
2326:
2317:
2272:
2268:
2258:
2246:. Retrieved
2232:
2222:
2210:. Retrieved
2206:the Guardian
2205:
2196:
2184:. Retrieved
2179:
2170:
2158:. Retrieved
2153:
2144:
2132:. Retrieved
2128:
2115:
2107:
2059:
2055:
2045:
2033:. Retrieved
2029:
2019:
2008:the original
1976:
1964:
1952:. Retrieved
1948:
1939:
1927:. Retrieved
1923:
1914:
1905:
1888:
1875:
1865:
1826:. Retrieved
1816:
1804:. Retrieved
1800:ScienceDaily
1798:
1789:
1761:
1754:
1726:
1585:corporations
1553:
1505:
1476:Despite the
1449:
1375:
1349:Saudi Aramco
1346:
1302:
1275:
1271:fossil fuels
1257:
1226:biodiversity
1220:, primarily
1188:
1180:
1096:
979:
974:particulates
971:
943:
923:argues that
919:
899:
894:
889:
879:
874:
871:
862:
861:
836:
825:
808:strip mining
801:
786:
767:
751:nitric acids
744:
732:world hunger
721:
685:
617:
571:enabled the
550:
512:
501:
498:
479:
410:
356:
348:
326:
278:
239:
227:particulates
188:
162:
130:heat engines
93:
91:
36:
8485:WikiProject
8305:Agriculture
8234:Solar power
8200:Tidal power
8074:Natural gas
8064:Fossil fuel
8007:Latent heat
7975:Electricity
7494:Nationalism
7466:Common-pool
7107:Hydrosphere
7100:remediation
7085:Groundwater
6680:Degradation
6240:Carbon sink
6218:atmospheric
6083:video games
5757:Blue carbon
5385:Agriculture
5364:Marine life
5311:Water cycle
5269:temperature
5004:Fossil fuel
4813:Oil Culture
4676:10 February
4478:4 September
4423:26 February
4330:26 February
4287:16 February
4126:10023/16794
4111:: 740–748.
3965:29 December
3783:29 December
3757:29 December
3708:: e077784.
3454:(2): 69–75.
3081:23 February
2889:17 December
2755:24 December
2729:9 September
2703:9 September
2624:9 September
1954:9 September
1397:natural gas
1389:consumption
1292:. In 2012,
1206:trade union
1030:Natural gas
934:base effect
925:commodities
702:, smog and
632:hydrocarbon
630:(oil), and
624:fertilizers
589:automobiles
561:sawing wood
546:carbon cost
526:sedimentary
406:catagenesis
363:zooplankton
175:created by
171:containing
114:natural gas
102:hydrocarbon
94:fossil fuel
77:natural gas
8268:Wind power
8190:Hydropower
8141:components
8096:Hydropower
8086:Geothermal
8036:Sound wave
7947:Zero-point
7877:Mechanical
7862:Ionization
7835:Electrical
7730:Negentropy
7611:Energetics
7489:Extraction
7448:Wilderness
7409:accounting
7392:Management
7358:ecological
7346:tragedy of
7265:Peak water
7250:Efficiency
7223:Sanitation
7165:Stormwater
7158:harvesting
7134:Irrigation
7036:management
6994:gene banks
6935:management
6913:management
6829:resilience
6795:phosphorus
6751:industrial
6729:Management
6705:soundscape
6611:Geothermal
6272:Cryosphere
6233:permafrost
6005:Resilience
5957:Adaptation
5932:Litigation
5922:Governance
5867:adaptation
5649:Carbon tax
5602:Mitigation
5539:Antarctica
5427:Disability
4793:20 January
4788:www.ft.com
4538:25 October
4233:4 November
4209:World Bank
4185:10 January
4159:10 January
4036:: 107237.
3653:: 110754.
3322:7 December
3296:7 December
3265:7 December
3171:7 December
3133:7 December
3103:7 December
2941:7 December
2472:required.)
2437:required.)
2333:15 October
2275:: 101215.
2035:5 February
1898:Roser, Max
1828:29 October
1806:29 October
1746:References
1561:ExxonMobil
1486:oil prices
1419:; such as
1409:production
1385:tax breaks
1267:divestment
1237:Divestment
1052:Hydropower
891:Mark Zandi
789:bottom ash
664:See also:
636:irrigation
628:pesticides
593:diesel oil
577:gas lights
557:watermills
504:flared-off
438:See also:
434:Importance
418:period of
402:oil shales
321:oil fields
8379:Australia
8315:Transport
8310:Computing
8278:Wind farm
8205:Wave farm
8079:Petroleum
8059:Bioenergy
8031:Radiation
7970:Capacitor
7892:Potential
7499:Renewable
7484:Depletion
7471:Conflict
7353:Economics
7331:enclosure
7290:Resources
7270:Pollution
7187:Watershed
7090:pollution
7021:Seed bank
7016:Rangeland
6898:Fisheries
6883:Biosphere
6876:biopiracy
6819:fertility
6695:cityscape
6690:Landscape
6597:peak coal
6584:Resources
6535:Emissions
6287:Feedbacks
6058:Education
5559:Caribbean
5554:Australia
5481:Migration
5444:Fisheries
5390:Livestock
5316:Wildfires
5222:Heat wave
4763:0362-4331
4670:France 24
4621:3 January
4533:0261-3077
4381:0027-8424
4325:Brookings
4135:0921-8009
4060:0921-8009
3855:19 August
3683:231909881
3531:18 August
3526:0362-4331
3499:230588698
3491:1356-3467
3423:18 August
3394:18 August
3363:18 August
3043:1752-0908
2309:198658515
2301:2214-6296
2243:0099-9660
2180:Brookings
2086:0027-8424
1929:5 January
1781:958799795
1711:Shale gas
1696:Peak coal
1625:, or the
1528:chemicals
1510:includes
1405:subsidies
1393:sales tax
1355:Subsidies
1347:In 2019,
1282:endowment
1102:Phase-out
1001:emissions
867:inflation
759:limestone
704:acid rain
601:feedstock
553:windmills
538:pyrolyzed
518:oil sands
494:embalming
490:metal ore
246:pollution
233:and that
169:organisms
132:(such as
122:planktons
8547:Category
8449:Category
8014:Hydrogen
7980:Enthalpy
7882:Negative
7872:Magnetic
7857:Internal
7815:Chemical
7680:Enthalpy
7599:concepts
7525:Category
7458:Resource
7397:adaptive
7295:improved
7255:Conflict
7240:Security
7235:Scarcity
7228:improved
7218:Leaching
7095:recharge
7075:Drinking
7026:Wildlife
6893:Bushmeat
6888:Bushfood
6841:planning
6746:gemstone
6741:Minerals
6722:property
6710:viewshed
6700:seascape
6631:sunlight
6605:peak oil
6601:peak gas
6413:Glossary
6401:Category
6223:biologic
5937:Politics
5829:Personal
5534:Americas
5402:Children
5168:Physical
4961:Overview
4901:Overview
4844:Archived
4595:Archived
4576:Archived
4557:Archived
4399:36375060
3991:25 March
3906:31 March
3880:11 April
3830:27 March
3803:Archived
3734:38030155
3725:10686100
3675:33577774
3622:cite web
3556:Archived
3061:31372180
2986:Elsevier
2907:(1932).
2847:94880859
2778:Archived
2605:Archived
2593:Archived
2564:Archived
2537:14 April
2503:14 April
2451:"fossil"
2416:"fossil"
2351:Archived
2160:23 April
2104:30910976
1981:Archived
1979:. 2022.
1902:"Energy"
1854:Archived
1732:misnomer
1701:Peak gas
1638:See also
1536:aviation
1532:plastics
1437:jet fuel
1429:gasoline
1309:trillion
929:volatile
852:net zero
843:stimulus
747:sulfuric
718:average.
634:-fueled
603:for the
581:coal gas
520:, where
486:smelting
390:pressure
357:Aquatic
154:gasoline
150:kerosene
8499:Portals
8461:Commons
8289:Use and
8148:Biomass
8118:Radiant
7965:Battery
7937:Thermal
7932:Surface
7917:Radiant
7887:Phantom
7867:Kinetic
7845:Binding
7825:Elastic
7808:Nuclear
7803:Binding
7690:Entropy
7588:Outline
7578:History
7326:Commons
7315:Related
7280:Quality
7196:Aspects
7122:glacial
7063:Aquifer
6969:Pasture
6920:Forests
6846:reserve
6621:Nuclear
6591: (
6547:Trading
6542:Airshed
6228:oceanic
6078:fiction
5927:Justice
5878:Society
5486:Poverty
5200:Drought
5068:History
4992:Sources
4830:, 2014.
4819:, 2014.
4768:6 April
4734:6 April
4705:6 April
4650:6 April
4504:6 April
4390:9704748
4359:Bibcode
4308:. 2021.
4258:7 March
4084:28 July
3702:The BMJ
3655:Bibcode
3612:5 April
3576:Bibcode
3052:6675609
3023:Bibcode
2827:Bibcode
2603:. BBC.
2589:Reuters
2560:IEA.org
2248:5 April
2212:5 April
2186:5 April
2134:5 April
2129:Reuters
2095:6462052
2064:Bibcode
1736:fossils
1557:Big Oil
1181:updated
1047:78–230
1041:Biomass
996:per TWh
985:(TWh):
950:Moody's
895:Moody's
886:History
793:fly ash
774:thorium
770:uranium
736:effects
710:(GDP).
599:and as
530:kerogen
522:bitumen
398:kerogen
379:organic
373:. Over
8513:Energy
8473:Portal
8394:Mexico
8389:Europe
8384:Canada
8369:Africa
8292:supply
8101:Marine
7990:Fossil
7942:Vacuum
7695:Exergy
7616:Energy
7567:Energy
7336:global
7300:policy
7245:Supply
7208:Floods
7175:Sewage
7148:Marine
7140:huerta
6974:Plants
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