31:
193:
In 1987 the governor was invested with the power to relocate and evacuate whole settlements, villages or hamlets. In April 1990, Decree 413 was issued which allowed the regional governor to ban, confiscate or fine publications, shut down printing plants, control all workers union activities, require
65:. From 1994 onwards the scope of the OHAL super-region was gradually narrowed, with provinces being downgraded to "neighbouring province" and then removed from OHAL altogether. The state of emergency was extended 46 times, for four months each time. OHAL was finally discontinued on 30 November 2002.
198:
and was enabled to coordinate actions between them as well the right to exile people from the area he governed. With the same decree the regional governor and the provincial governors were issued with an immunity against any legal prosecution in connections with actions they made due to the powers
327:
and 572 civilians lost their lives because of exploding mines or bombs. In the region 1,248 political killings had happened. Among them 750 had been clarified, while in 421 cases the murderers had not been determined. Eighteen people had died in custody and 194 people "disappeared". Some had been
328:
found in prison, in good health or dead, but 132 were still missing. There had been 1,275 complaints of torture and in 1,177 cases investigations had been initiated. In 296 trials against civil servants 60 had resulted in conviction, while in 56 of them the sentences had been suspended.
194:
prosecutors to open legal processes who violate decree 413, evacuate villages without a notice issued in advance, relocate harmful state employees and send to exile people to other parts in Turkey. In
December 1990, with the Decree No. 430 he received authority over the
125:) that appointed a regional governor for the state of emergency. The region became known as the OHAL Region (also called the State of Emergency Region, the Emergency Region Governorate, the Emergency Rule Region etc.).
277:
violations in the region under emergency legislation (OHAL) between 1987 and 2002. These are official figures, since they were given in reply to a request of
Diyarbakır deputy
697:
241:
217:
597:
732:
235:
278:
364:
58:
802:
659:
747:
797:
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752:
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792:
742:
448:
347:
510:
430:
772:
621:
782:
762:
767:
578:
535:
474:
777:
711:
359:
177:
on 30 July 2002. On 30 November 2002, OHAL status was lifted completely. Emergency legislation was in force in
638:
594:
62:
737:
57:'Governorship of Region in State of Emergency') was a "super-region" created in Turkey under
211:
502:
422:
350:. It has been renewed for three months several times. It has been permanently lifted in July 2018
73:
A new era started with the declaration of a region under emergency legislation in the provinces of
552:
339:
199:
they received with the Decree No. 430. In the OHAL region journalists were not granted access.
178:
145:
became a neighboring province. From the end of 1994, the region was slowly decreased. Firstly
78:
654:
494:
414:
254:
182:
146:
138:
82:
17:
400:
106:
8:
495:
415:
336:
52:
270:
684:
343:
158:
74:
34:
Red: OHAL provinces, orange: neighbouring provinces, 1987–2002, largest extent of OHAL
650:
593:
The dates are mentioned in a text of the dialogue circle "War in Turkey" (German) on
574:
531:
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470:
426:
445:
371:
174:
170:
98:
86:
43:
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601:
452:
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of 29 January 2003 to the
Defence Ministry. The response dates 28 February 2003.
142:
134:
110:
90:
273:
and Serdar Yavuz (both working in
Diyarbakır) presented some figures concerning
114:
229:
195:
162:
94:
683:) of the Association of Academic Research and Solidarity, September 2005. The
726:
550:
395:
223:
324:
274:
166:
102:
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was "downgraded" to a neighbouring province. The same happened to Batman,
150:
712:"Türkiye'de OHAL 18 Temmuz'da sona eriyor | DW | 13.07.2018"
261:). Some people argued that this was another form of the OHAL regime.
161:
and Bitlis provinces in 1997. Emergency legislation was lifted in
528:
Destroying Ethnic
Identity: The Kurds of Turkey : an Update
257:
have declared parts of the former OHAL region as security zone (
551:
Norwegian
Refugee Council/Global IDP Project (4 October 2002).
154:
698:"Turkey declares three-month state of emergency - Turkey News"
207:
The regional governors (also called "super governors") were:
571:
Zones of
Rebellion: Kurdish Insurgents and the Turkish State
238:(1997–1999; died on duty because of a heart attack in 1999)
121:) on 19 July 1987. The legal basis was Cabinet Decree 285 (
153:
was no longer counted as a neighbouring province. In 1996
188:
27:
30:
264:
724:
149:was excluded under emergency legislation, then
639:special report of the Democratic Turkey Forum
128:
68:
568:
497:The Settlement Issue in Turkey and the Kurds
417:The Settlement Issue in Turkey and the Kurds
365:Martial law and state of emergency in Turkey
269:In an article of September 2005 the lawyers
61:legislation, as part of its approach to the
687:is in Turkish; accessed on 4 September 2009
569:Aydin, Aysegul; Emrence, Cem (2015-04-23).
553:"Profile of internal displacement: Turkey"
331:
733:Former administrative divisions of Turkey
573:. Cornell University Press. p. 138.
492:
412:
141:became part of the OHAL region. In 1994,
29:
525:
467:The PKK: Coming Down from the Mountains
455:(Turkish); accessed on 4 September 2009
401:'Olağanüstü hal' 30 kasımda bitiyor...
14:
725:
469:. London: Zed Books Ltd. p. 101.
390:
388:
386:
226:(February 21, 1992 – November 1, 1995)
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189:Powers given to the regional governor
117:provinces as neighbouring provinces (
677:Journal for Social Sciences Research
488:
486:
220:(August 17, 1991 – January 29, 1992)
202:
383:
214:(January 12, 1987 – August 2, 1991)
123:285 sayılı Kanun Hükmünde Kararname
24:
681:Sosyal Bilim Araştırmaları Dergisi
530:. Human Rights Watch. p. 13.
25:
814:
803:Ministry of the Interior (Turkey)
675:The article was published in the
483:
465:White, Doctor Paul (2015-08-15).
798:2002 disestablishments in Turkey
348:2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt
704:
690:
669:
656:OHAL’in adı yok, uygulaması var
644:
631:
628:; accessed on September 4, 2009
607:
604:; accessed on September 4, 2009
323:In addition 371 members of the
748:History of Diyarbakır Province
666:; accessed on 7 September 2009
641:; accessed on 7 September 2009
587:
562:
544:
519:
458:
439:
406:
403:; accessed on 4 September 2009
265:Balance sheet of 15 years OHAL
13:
1:
793:1987 establishments in Turkey
613:The names can be found in an
595:Parliamentarian break a Taboo
377:
284:The death toll was given as:
48:Olağanüstü Hâl Bölge Valiliği
248:
185:until the very end of OHAL.
7:
773:History of Tunceli Province
758:History of Hakkâri Province
353:
346:(OHAL) in Turkey after the
133:In 1990, the newly created
10:
819:
788:History of Şırnak Province
783:History of Batman Province
763:History of Mardin Province
753:History of Elazığ Province
743:History of Bingöl Province
129:Extension from 1990 - 2002
69:Extension from 1987 - 1990
768:History of Siirt Province
493:Jongerden, Joost (2007).
413:Jongerden, Joost (2007).
165:on 30 November 1999, in
63:Kurdish–Turkish conflict
778:History of Van Province
624:7 December 2008 at the
342:declared a three-month
332:2016 state of emergency
169:on 30 July 2000 and in
105:and the declaration of
526:Whitman, Lois (1990).
47:
35:
615:article of the daily
360:Inspectorates-General
33:
446:Text of decision 285
399:, 22 November 2002,
340:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
255:Turkish Armed Forces
196:provincial governors
179:Diyarbakır Province
662:2012-02-27 at the
600:2012-02-26 at the
501:. Brill. pp.
451:2013-02-26 at the
421:. Brill. pp.
344:state of emergency
59:state of emergency
36:
738:Turkish Kurdistan
651:Firat News Agency
512:978-90-47-42011-8
432:978-90-47-42011-8
337:Turkish President
319:
318:
212:Hayri Kozakçıoğlu
203:List of governors
175:Tunceli Provinces
56:
16:(Redirected from
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715:
708:
702:
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694:
688:
673:
667:
653:, 14 June 2009,
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372:Saturday Mothers
289:
288:
271:Sezgin Tanrıkulu
259:güvenlik bölgesi
218:Necati Çetinkaya
183:Şırnak Provinces
171:Hakkari Province
139:Şırnak Provinces
51:
21:
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619:of 31 July 2002
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453:Wayback Machine
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267:
253:Since 2002 the
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205:
191:
159:Bingöl Province
147:Elazığ Province
143:Bitlis Province
135:Batman Province
131:
71:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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298:Security staff
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242:Gökhan Aydıner
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230:Necati Bilican
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163:Siirt Province
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558:. p. 78.
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275:human rights
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236:Aydın Arslan
206:
192:
167:Van Province
132:
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118:
72:
39:
37:
279:Mesut Değer
244:(1999–2002)
232:(1995–1997)
40:OHAL region
727:Categories
396:Yeni Şafak
378:References
224:Ünal Erkan
119:Mücavir İl
79:Diyarbakır
303:Militants
293:Civilians
249:Aftermath
660:Archived
622:Archived
617:Evrensel
598:Archived
449:Archived
354:See also
151:Adıyaman
107:Adıyaman
315:25,344
99:Tunceli
87:Hakkari
55:
44:Turkish
577:
534:
509:
505:-142.
473:
429:
155:Mardin
111:Bitlis
91:Mardin
83:Elazığ
75:Bingöl
556:(PDF)
312:3,541
309:5,105
95:Siirt
637:See
575:ISBN
532:ISBN
507:ISBN
471:ISBN
427:ISBN
181:and
173:and
137:and
113:and
101:and
53:lit.
38:The
18:OHAL
503:141
423:138
115:Muş
103:Van
729::
485:^
425:.
385:^
109:,
97:,
93:,
89:,
85:,
81:,
77:,
50:,
46::
714:.
700:.
679:(
583:.
540:.
515:.
479:.
435:.
42:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
