1141:
1236:
612:
589:
1122:
1245:
When present in smaller concentrations, nystatin momentarily forms pores that allows a vesicle fusion to occur more easily; that fusion then interrupts the pore stability and the nystatin and ergosterol disperse from each other. Conversely, researchers have found that the half-life of these nystatin pores increase with an increased dosage level of nystatin to the membrane systems. This indicates a lower energy of both the lipid membrane and the ionophores when there is a higher concentration of nystatin.
40:
730:
InChI=1S/C47H75NO17/c1-27-17-15-13-11-9-7-5-6-8-10-12-14-16-18-34(64-46-44(58)41(48)43(57)30(4)63-46)24-38-40(45(59)60)37(54)26-47(61,65-38)25-36(53)35(52)20-19-31(49)21-32(50)22-33(51)23-39(55)62-29(3)28(2)42(27)56/h5-6,8,10-18,27-38,40-44,46,49-54,56-58,61H,7,9,19-26,48H2,1-4H3,(H,59,60)/b6-5+,10-8+,13-11+,14-12+,17-15+,18-16+/t27-,28-,29-,30+,31+,32+,33+,34-,35+,36+,37-,38-,40+,41-,42+,43+,44-,46-,47+/m0/s1
1183:
1098:
31:
4582:
1110:
1086:
1244:
Another electrophysiological measurement that can be made is fusion event duration in a nystatin-ergosterol based system. Fusions are measured while the voltage is held constant, and is characterized by a spike in the current that then returns to the baseline current as the nystatin channels close.
1078:
Following the biosynthesis of the macrolide, the compound undergoes post-synthetic modifications, which are aided by the following enzymes: GDP-mannose dehydratase (nysIII), P450 monooxygenase (nysL and nysN), aminotransferase (nysDII), and glycosyltransferase (nysDI). The biosynthetic pathway is
1005:
observed when high serum levels of nystatin are achieved. Despite the molecular similarities and differences of ergosterol and cholesterol, there is currently no consensus as to why nystatin has a higher binding affinity for ergosterol because it remains unclear how the nystatin pores are formed.
1239:
This is a depiction of what a fusion event may look like when seen on a current measurement. There is a sudden jump in the current, followed by a slower recover as the current returns to its baseline measurement from before the fusion event. This fusion event would interrupt the stability of a
885:
It is also used in very low birth-weight (less than 1500 g or 3 lb 5oz o) infants to prevent invasive fungal infections, although fluconazole is the preferred treatment. It has been found to reduce the rate of invasive fungal infections and also reduce deaths when used in these babies.
1071:. The genomic sequence of nystatin reveals the presence of the polyketide loading module (nysA), six polyketide syntheses modules (nysB, nysC, nysI, nysJ, and nysK) and two thioesterase modules (nysK and nysE). It is evident that the biosynthesis of the macrolide functionality follows the
678:
1268:
Additionally, a liposomal formulation of nystatin was investigated in the 1980s and into the early 21st century. The liposomal form was intended to resolve problems arising from the poor solubility of the parent molecule and the associated systemic toxicity of the free
897:, and demonstrated effectiveness against some amphotericin B-resistant forms of fungi. It offers an intriguing possibility for difficult-to-treat systemic infections, such as invasive aspergillosis, or infections that demonstrate resistance to amphotericin B.
1224:
electrophysiological recordings of cells. When loaded in the recording pipette, it allows for measurement of electrical currents without washing out the intracellular contents, because it forms pores in the cell membrane that are permeable to only
2779:
2772:
996:
unique to fungi, so the drug does not have such catastrophic effects on animals or plants. However, many of the systemic/toxic effects of nystatin in humans are attributable to its binding to mammalian sterols, namely
2765:
1166:, who were doing research for the Division of Laboratories and Research of the New York State Department of Health. Hazen found a promising micro-organism in the soil of a friend's dairy farm. She named it
4152:
1213:
In certain cases, a nystatin derivative has been used to prevent the spread of mold on objects such as works of art. For example, it was applied to wood panel paintings damaged as a result of
2068:
Clinical
Pharmacology of Systemic Antifungal Agents: A Comprehensive Review of Agents in Clinical Use, Current Investigational Compounds, and Putative Targets for Antifungal Drug Development
1280:
profile when high levels in the serum are obtained, no injectable formulations of nystatin are on the US market. However, injectable formulations have been investigated in the past.
882:
was found to be much more effective for preventing colonization, invasive infection, and death. It is effective in treating oral candidiasis in elderly people who wear dentures.
4145:
2000:
903:
is also sensitive to nystatin. Additionally, liposomal nystatin appears to cause fewer cases of and less severe nephrotoxicity than observed with amphotericin B.
1971:
1356:
799:
Common side effects when applied to the skin include burning, itching, and a rash. Common side effects when taken by mouth include vomiting and diarrhea. During
4612:
4138:
1174:
State Health
Department in 1954. The two discoverers patented the drug, and then donated the $ 13 million in profits to a foundation to fund similar research.
1006:
Researchers have concluded thus far that nystatin pores are formed from 4-12 nystatin molecules, with an unknown number of the necessary sterol interactions.
161:
746:
1259:
An oral suspension form is used for the prophylaxis or treatment of oropharyngeal thrush, a superficial candidal infection of the mouth and pharynx.
1382:
796:. It may also be used to prevent candidiasis in those who are at high risk. Nystatin may be used by mouth, in the vagina, or applied to the skin.
1214:
1516:
374:)-33--1, 3,4,7,9,11,17,37-octahydroxy-15,16,18-trimethyl-13-oxo-14, 39-dioxabicyclononatriaconta-19,21,25,27,29,31-hexaene-36-carboxylic acid
62:
702:
2502:
1400:
2471:
1562:
1368:
832:. In 2021, it was the 233rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than one million prescriptions.
2757:
4096:
3380:
3324:
2496:
2465:
2396:
2123:
1947:
1714:
1655:
819:
1876:"Clinical practice guidelines for the management of candidiasis: 2009 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America"
1520:
2344:
Fjaervik E, Zotchev SB (June 2005). "Biosynthesis of the polyene macrolide antibiotic nystatin in
Streptomyces noursei".
1993:
1963:
1747:
2660:
2617:
2164:
2084:
1556:
722:
753:
113:
4113:
3341:
803:
use in the vagina is safe while other formulations have not been studied in this group. It works by disrupting the
710:
CC1C=CC=CCCC=CC=CC=CC=CC(CC2C(C(CC(O2)(CC(C(CCC(CC(CC(CC(=O)OC(C(C1O)C)C)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)C(=O)O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)C)O)N)O
286:
211:
94:
2412:
Elsner Z, Leszczyńska-Bakal H, Pawlak E, Smazyński T (1976). "Gel with nystatin for treatment of lung mycosis".
3863:
1272:
Nystatin pastilles have been shown to be more effective in treating oral candidiasis than nystatin suspensions.
870:
Oral nystatin is often used as a preventive treatment in people who are at risk for fungal infections, such as
1121:
3430:
1037:
from nystatin results in rapid cell death. Lipid peroxidation by nystatin also contributes significantly to
1705:
Hilal-Dandan R, Knollmann B, Brunton L (5 December 2017). Brunton LL, Knollmann BC, Hilal-Dandan R (eds.).
933:
607:
468:
4652:
2597:
1265:
Nystatin is available as a topical cream and can be used for superficial candidal infections of the skin.
568:
537:
4667:
4572:
3189:
4130:
2640:
2066:
4662:
3931:
3901:
3373:
1619:
2065:
Groll AH, Piscitelli SC, Walsh TJ (1 January 1998), August JT, Anders MW, Murad F, Coyle JT (eds.),
3796:
2818:
1825:"Efficacy of nystatin for the treatment of oral candidiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis"
793:
584:
2739:
2557:"Nystatin perforated patch recording and its applications to analyses of intracellular mechanisms"
1059:. The structure of this active compound is characterized as a polyene macrolide with a deoxysugar
557:
4553:
4101:
4031:
3329:
3263:
3100:
1874:
Pappas PG, Kauffman CA, Andes D, Benjamin DK, Calandra TF, Edwards JE, et al. (March 2009).
1466:
1441:
124:
52:
2787:
2647:, Planar Lipid Bilayers (BLMs) and Their Applications, vol. 7, Elsevier, pp. 479–488,
1140:
4647:
4642:
4325:
4262:
4068:
3715:
3134:
3109:
2906:
789:
517:
135:
131:
2486:
2247:"Properties of lysosomes in guinea pig heart: subcellular distribution and in vitro stability"
1939:
1170:, after Jessie Nourse, the wife of the farm's owner. Hazen and Brown named nystatin after the
457:
4343:
3285:
3021:
2917:
2912:
2455:
1546:
1235:
899:
771:
154:
2190:"Evidence that nystatin channels form at the boundaries, not the interiors of lipid domains"
914:
The oral suspension form produces a number of adverse effects including but not limited to:
889:
Liposomal nystatin is not commercially available, but investigational use has shown greater
4617:
4607:
4602:
3366:
3037:
2695:
2258:
2201:
1389:
1375:
1320:
1154:
1055:
828:
477:
255:
1221:
392:
8:
4632:
4458:
3858:
3674:
2876:
1349:
1163:
1159:
1072:
988:. When present in sufficient concentrations, it forms pores in the membrane that lead to
861:
815:
811:
383:
151:
2699:
2262:
2205:
1448:
1430:
611:
588:
4287:
4021:
3991:
3986:
2985:
2716:
2683:
2609:
2604:, Electrophysiology and Microinjection, vol. 4, Academic Press, pp. 364–373,
2537:
2369:
2279:
2246:
2222:
2189:
2042:
1902:
1875:
1851:
1824:
1797:
1772:
1601:
1034:
1010:
823:
2707:
2652:
2270:
2156:
2076:
4627:
4622:
3882:
2795:
2721:
2656:
2613:
2578:
2529:
2492:
2461:
2421:
2392:
2361:
2319:
2315:
2284:
2227:
2170:
2160:
2129:
2119:
2090:
2080:
2034:
1943:
1931:
1907:
1856:
1802:
1753:
1743:
1720:
1710:
1593:
1552:
1191:-infected tangerine: The spot absent of growth had nystatin applied to it before the
1014:
86:
2373:
2046:
4672:
4637:
4026:
3976:
3256:
3206:
2711:
2703:
2648:
2605:
2568:
2353:
2311:
2274:
2266:
2217:
2209:
2152:
2072:
2026:
1897:
1887:
1846:
1836:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1627:
1605:
1585:
1458:
1437:
1171:
1026:
1018:
860:
infections usually respond well to treatment with nystatin. Infections of nails or
776:
624:
227:
194:
184:
174:
1647:
417:
4657:
4586:
4542:
4204:
4194:
3608:
3598:
3280:
3216:
2639:
Rognlien KT, Woodbury DJ (1 January 2003), Tien HT, Ottova-Leitmannova A (eds.),
856:
245:
235:
2684:"Cooperative partition model of nystatin interaction with phospholipid vesicles"
2213:
1677:
1512:
1109:
878:. It has been investigated for use in patients after liver transplantation, but
72:
4497:
4476:
4282:
4272:
4164:
4107:
4038:
3981:
3951:
3936:
3704:
3593:
3335:
3152:
3057:
2991:
2922:
2841:
2799:
2788:
1419:
1360:
1226:
1097:
1068:
1030:
1002:
969:
894:
2357:
2019:
Der
Hautarzt; Zeitschrift Fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und Verwandte Gebiete
949:
Too high of a dosage can potentially lead to additional side effects such as:
4596:
4559:
4410:
4400:
4360:
4333:
4315:
4181:
3941:
3837:
3811:
3618:
3570:
3536:
3491:
3461:
3222:
3174:
3105:
2835:
2573:
2556:
2533:
2133:
1757:
1724:
1396:
985:
804:
689:
600:
3358:
2302:
Stark G (July 1991). "The effect of ionizing radiation on lipid membranes".
2071:, Advances in Pharmacology, vol. 44, Academic Press, pp. 343–500,
867:
When given parenterally, its activity is reduced due to presence of plasma.
4537:
4527:
4430:
4415:
4395:
4365:
4297:
4172:
4063:
4048:
3961:
3891:
3807:
3641:
3636:
3628:
3623:
3613:
3603:
3521:
3511:
3506:
3496:
3481:
3471:
3456:
3397:
3393:
3305:
3199:
3159:
3042:
2938:
2891:
2803:
2725:
2365:
2231:
1911:
1860:
1806:
1624:
World Health
Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019
1597:
1462:
1085:
875:
548:
189:
179:
169:
2582:
2488:
Notable
American Women: The Modern Period : a Biographical Dictionary
2323:
2094:
2038:
2030:
1589:
1576:
Gupte M, Kulkarni P, Ganguli BN (January 2002). "Antifungal antibiotics".
39:
4448:
4425:
4420:
4405:
4390:
4385:
4310:
4305:
4277:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4161:
4082:
4043:
4001:
3971:
3872:
3816:
3752:
3740:
3588:
3580:
3575:
3546:
3541:
3531:
3526:
3501:
3476:
3237:
3125:
3047:
2881:
2851:
2425:
2174:
1841:
1773:"Nystatin prophylaxis and treatment in severely immunodepressed patients"
1423:
1207:
1187:
998:
911:
Bitter taste and nausea are more common than most other adverse effects.
879:
785:
781:
80:
22:
2541:
2517:
2441:
Medical mycology in the United States: a historical analysis (1894-1996)
1632:
1021:
from ergosterol in fungal cell membranes. Lipid peroxidation alters the
437:
4547:
4517:
4492:
4380:
4370:
4267:
4224:
4199:
4189:
4168:
4160:
4072:
4053:
4016:
4011:
3996:
3966:
3946:
3911:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3782:
3761:
3726:
3679:
3516:
3466:
3451:
3415:
3389:
3310:
3300:
3295:
3232:
3227:
3184:
3179:
3169:
3130:
2959:
2932:
2896:
2792:
2740:"Nyata 100,000 Unit/Gram Topical Powder - Uses, Side Effects, and More"
2288:
1548:
Medical
Mycology in the United States a Historical Analysis (1894-1996)
1200:
1064:
1022:
981:
943:
654:
448:
146:
2411:
4532:
4471:
4375:
4352:
4253:
4243:
4058:
4006:
3735:
3694:
3660:
3486:
3442:
3115:
3090:
3032:
3004:
2975:
2969:
2953:
2943:
2886:
2861:
2856:
2596:
Korn SJ, Marty A, Connor JA, Horn R (1 January 1991), Conn PM (ed.),
1262:
A tablet form is preferred for candidal infections in the intestines.
1232:, preferably cations such as sodium, potassium, lithium, and cesium.
1038:
989:
977:
973:
852:
800:
403:
268:
66:
1182:
4440:
3956:
3651:
3561:
3164:
3085:
3074:
3070:
3012:
2866:
2846:
1892:
1312:
1277:
1204:
1149:
940:
497:
428:
139:
108:
2151:. Progress in Medicinal Chemistry. Vol. 14. pp. 105–79.
677:
4522:
4234:
4077:
3689:
3080:
3017:
2518:"The Restoration of Damaged Art Treasures in Florence and Venice"
1336:
1316:
1053:(often called nystatin) is biosynthesized by a bacterial strain,
992:
leakage, acidification, and death of the fungus. Ergosterol is a
2017:
Rosenberger A, Tebbe B, Treudler R, Orfanos CE (June 1998). "".
1707:
924:
Rarely, tachycardia, bronchospasm, facial swelling, muscle aches
3061:
3027:
2016:
1412:
Myco-Triacet II (topical ointment, combined with triamcinolone)
1355:
Nystaform (topical cream, and ointment and cream combined with
1192:
1009:
Nystatin also impacts cell membrane potential and transport by
993:
844:
528:
818:. It was the first polyene macrolide antifungal. It is on the
3426:
3290:
2389:
Medicinal
Natural Products: A Biosynthetic Approach (3rd ed.)
2304:
Biochimica et
Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Biomembranes
1364:
848:
668:
508:
2114:
Rang HP, Dale MM, Flower RJ, Henderson G (21 January 2015).
1704:
1457:
Animax (veterinary topical ointment or cream; combined with
573:
1873:
1229:
1210:
on mammalian cells, at concentrations around 3 μg/ml.
1199:
It is also used in cellular biology as an inhibitor of the
1144:
Elizabeth Lee Hazen (left) and Rachel Fuller Brown in 1955.
871:
840:
488:
30:
2491:. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. p. 327.
1148:
Like many other antifungals and antibiotics, nystatin has
1029:
in the membrane, which is necessary to transport ions and
1618:
1220:
Nystatin is also used as a tool by scientists performing
1041:
leakage due to structural modifications of the membrane.
928:
Both the oral suspension and the topical form can cause:
2187:
1709:(Thirteenth ed.). New York: McGraw Hill / Medical.
1388:
Mycostatin (vaginal tablets, topical powder, suspension
2113:
1409:
Mykacet (topical ointment, combined with triamcinolone)
820:
World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines
2641:"Chapter 16 - Reconstituting SNARE proteins into BLMs"
1737:
1406:
Mytrex (topical ointment, combined with triamcinolone)
4570:
2188:
Helrich CS, Schmucker JA, Woodbury DJ (August 2006).
2064:
1970:. PubMed Health, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
1575:
2595:
1415:
Flagystatin II (cream, combined with metronidazole)
874:patients with a low CD4 count and people receiving
1132:The melting point of nystatin is 44 - 46 °C.
1925:
1923:
1921:
4594:
2638:
1770:
416:
2438:
2343:
2339:
2337:
2335:
2333:
1551:. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. p. 62.
1544:
1215:the Arno River Flood of 1966 in Florence, Italy
1079:thought to proceed as shown to yield nystatin.
391:
2681:
2484:
1934:. In Dismukes WE, Pappas PG, Sobel JD (eds.).
1918:
4613:World Health Organization essential medicines
4146:
3388:
3374:
2773:
1822:
1517:American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
939:Rash, itching, burning and acute generalized
2554:
2330:
2251:Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
2244:
2118:(Eighth ed.). : Churchill Livingstone.
1938:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp.
1395:Mycolog-II (topical ointment, combined with
556:
112:
2598:"[22] - Perforated Patch Recording"
2548:
2414:Polish Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacy
2010:
1777:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1771:Gøtzsche PC, Johansen HK (September 2014).
1764:
1738:Satoskar RS, Rege N, Bhandarkar SD (2015).
1507:
1017:double bonds in nystatin's structure steal
1001:. This is the effect that accounts for the
219:In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
4153:
4139:
3381:
3367:
2780:
2766:
2149:Biological activity of polyene antibiotics
1505:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1487:
610:
587:
456:
2715:
2572:
2515:
2478:
2278:
2221:
1901:
1891:
1850:
1840:
1796:
1631:
476:
1540:
1538:
1234:
1181:
1139:
893:activity than colloidal formulations of
2146:
1484:
583:
436:
85:
4595:
2386:
2346:Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
1929:
1612:
1578:Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
1248:
963:
932:Hypersensitivity reactions, including
601:
4134:
3362:
2761:
2457:Medicine Becomes a Science: 1840-1999
2453:
2447:
2301:
2060:
2058:
2056:
1974:from the original on 21 December 2013
1823:Lyu X, Zhao C, Yan ZM, Hua H (2016).
1818:
1816:
1740:Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics
1626:. Geneva: World Health Organization.
1565:from the original on 2 February 2016.
1535:
1374:Nilstat (vaginal tablet, oral drops,
536:
516:
103:
71:
2522:Journal of the Royal Society of Arts
1968:Micromedex Detailed Drug Information
1829:Drug Design, Development and Therapy
1700:
1698:
1658:from the original on 15 January 2024
1523:from the original on 3 February 2016
193:
183:
173:
3145:Intestinal anti-inflammatory agents
2505:from the original on 23 March 2017.
2474:from the original on 23 March 2017.
2006:from the original on 21 April 2014.
810:Nystatin was discovered in 1950 by
496:
407:
13:
2610:10.1016/B978-0-12-185257-3.50027-6
2561:The Japanese Journal of Physiology
2053:
1813:
1678:"Nystatin - Drug Usage Statistics"
984:, a major component of the fungal
906:
14:
4684:
3202:agents, excluding corticosteroids
2682:Coutinho A, Prieto M (May 2003).
2391:. UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
2245:Welman E, Peters TJ (June 1976).
1695:
780:infections of the skin including
4580:
1120:
1108:
1096:
1084:
826:. It is made from the bacterium
641:
635:
38:
29:
3864:thymidylate synthase inhibitors
2732:
2675:
2645:Membrane Science and Technology
2632:
2589:
2509:
2432:
2405:
2380:
2295:
2238:
2181:
2140:
2107:
1986:
1956:
1867:
1436:Nidoflor (cream, combined with
1418:Timodine (cream, combined with
1348:Nysert (vaginal suppositories,
1253:
1044:
835:
735:Key:VQOXZBDYSJBXMA-NQTDYLQESA-N
694:44–46 °C (111–115 °F)
250:None (not extensively absorbed)
2485:Sicherman B, Green CH (1980).
1789:10.1002/14651858.CD002033.pub2
1731:
1670:
1640:
1569:
1311:Nystan (oral tablets, topical
1283:
644:
629:
263:Dependent upon GI transit time
1:
3249:Antidiarrheal micro-organisms
2708:10.1016/s0006-3495(03)70032-0
2653:10.1016/S0927-5193(03)80040-2
2271:10.1016/S0006-3495(93)81343-2
2157:10.1016/S0079-6468(08)70148-6
2077:10.1016/S1054-3589(08)60129-5
1994:"FDA approved package insert"
1477:
1381:Korostatin (vaginal tablets,
1177:
1152:origin. It was isolated from
2316:10.1016/0304-4157(91)90020-w
2116:Rang and Dale's pharmacology
1880:Clinical Infectious Diseases
766:, sold under the brand name
7:
2555:Akaike N, Harata N (1994).
2214:10.1529/biophysj.105.076281
1545:Espinel-Ingroff AV (2013).
1329:Nystalocal from Medinova AG
10:
4689:
3091:Camphorated opium tincture
2828:Intestinal anti-infectives
2439:Espinel-Ingroff A (2003).
1636:. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06.
1135:
864:skin do not respond well.
619:Chemical and physical data
4510:
4485:
4457:
4439:
4351:
4342:
4324:
4296:
4252:
4233:
4180:
4091:
3932:bromochlorosalicylanilide
3924:
3902:Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase
3900:
3881:
3857:
3850:
3795:
3774:
3751:
3725:
3714:
3673:
3650:
3560:
3441:
3425:
3414:
3405:
3319:
3273:
3248:
3144:
3056:
3002:
2827:
2811:
2358:10.1007/s00253-004-1802-4
1620:World Health Organization
1429:Nistatina (oral tablets,
1033:molecules. Disruption of
743:
718:
698:
688:
666:
653:
623:
618:
599:
567:
547:
527:
507:
487:
467:
447:
427:
402:
382:
282:
277:
267:
254:
244:
234:
226:
210:
205:
160:
145:
123:
93:
79:
61:
51:
46:
37:
28:
3024:, known as Pepto-Bismol)
2819:Oral rehydration therapy
2602:Methods in Neurosciences
2574:10.2170/jjphysiol.44.433
2460:. Infobase. p. 71.
1447:Stamicin (oral tablets,
1335:Nystop (topical powder,
1222:"perforated" patch-clamp
934:Stevens–Johnson syndrome
794:vaginal yeast infections
4554:Lactobacillus fermentum
3264:Saccharomyces boulardii
2443:. Springer. p. 62.
1964:"Nystatin (Oral route)"
1467:triamcinolone acetonide
1442:triamcinolone acetonide
822:. It is available as a
4263:Diiodohydroxyquinoline
3716:Squalene monooxygenase
3553:Systemic: ketoconazole
1472:Nyata (topical powder)
1241:
1196:
1145:
790:esophageal candidiasis
774:. It is used to treat
3744:Systemic: terbinafine
3286:Bismuth subsalicylate
3022:bismuth subsalicylate
2918:Succinylsulfathiazole
2913:Phthalylsulfathiazole
2516:Brommelle NS (1970).
2031:10.1007/s001050050776
1742:. Chennai: Elsevier.
1648:"The Top 300 of 2021"
1590:10.1007/s002530100822
1357:iodochlorhydroxyquine
1296:Pediaderm AF Complete
1238:
1185:
1143:
807:of the fungal cells.
772:antifungal medication
155:antifungal medication
16:Antifungal medication
4032:Whitfield's ointment
3859:Pyrimidine analogues
3675:Polyene antimycotics
3274:Other antidiarrheals
1932:"Liposomal Nystatin"
1842:10.2147/DDDT.S100795
1390:Bristol-Myers Squibb
1350:Procter & Gamble
1321:Bristol-Myers Squibb
1168:Streptomyces noursei
1155:Streptomyces noursei
1056:Streptomyces noursei
959:Chills and skin rash
829:Streptomyces noursei
770:among others, is an
240:0% on oral ingestion
3123:does not cross BBB:
2700:2003BpJ....84.3061C
2688:Biophysical Journal
2263:1993BpJ....64...92B
2206:2006BpJ....91.1116H
2194:Biophysical Journal
2147:Hammond SM (1977).
1249:Society and culture
1208:endocytosis pathway
1164:Rachel Fuller Brown
1160:Elizabeth Lee Hazen
1073:polyketide synthase
1025:of the interior of
964:Mechanism of action
816:Elizabeth Lee Hazen
812:Rachel Fuller Brown
25:
4653:Secondary alcohols
4118:Never to phase III
4022:tribromometacresol
3992:sodium thiosulfate
3987:selenium disulfide
3883:Mitotic inhibitors
3346:Never to phase III
2387:Dewick PM (2009).
1930:Hamill RJ (2003).
1242:
1197:
1195:covered the fruit.
1146:
1127:Completed molecule
1035:membrane transport
1011:lipid peroxidation
824:generic medication
57:Mycostatin, others
21:
4668:Conjugated dienes
4568:
4567:
4506:
4505:
4128:
4127:
3920:
3919:
3846:
3845:
3797:β-glucan synthase
3791:
3790:
3770:
3769:
3669:
3668:
3356:
3355:
2796:anti-inflammatory
2528:(5165): 260–269.
2498:978-0-674-62733-8
2467:978-1-4381-2752-1
2398:978-0-471-97478-9
2125:978-0-7020-5362-7
1949:978-0-19-514809-1
1936:Clinical Mycology
1716:978-1-259-58473-2
1062:
976:, nystatin is an
761:
760:
679:Interactive image
569:CompTox Dashboard
106:
4680:
4663:Carboxylic acids
4585:
4584:
4583:
4576:
4498:Methylrosaniline
4349:
4348:
4155:
4148:
4141:
4132:
4131:
4027:undecylenic acid
3977:potassium iodide
3855:
3854:
3723:
3722:
3439:
3438:
3423:
3422:
3412:
3411:
3383:
3376:
3369:
3360:
3359:
3257:Escherichia coli
3217:Aminosalicylates
3207:Cromoglicic acid
2782:
2775:
2768:
2759:
2758:
2752:
2751:
2749:
2747:
2736:
2730:
2729:
2719:
2694:(5): 3061–3078.
2679:
2673:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2636:
2630:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2593:
2587:
2586:
2576:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2513:
2507:
2506:
2482:
2476:
2475:
2454:Kelly K (2010).
2451:
2445:
2444:
2436:
2430:
2429:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2341:
2328:
2327:
2299:
2293:
2292:
2282:
2242:
2236:
2235:
2225:
2200:(3): 1116–1127.
2185:
2179:
2178:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2111:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2101:
2062:
2051:
2050:
2014:
2008:
2007:
2005:
1998:
1990:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1927:
1916:
1915:
1905:
1895:
1871:
1865:
1864:
1854:
1844:
1820:
1811:
1810:
1800:
1768:
1762:
1761:
1735:
1729:
1728:
1702:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1644:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1542:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1509:
1459:neomycin sulfate
1449:Antibiotice Iaşi
1438:neomycin sulfate
1431:Antibiotice Iaşi
1319:, formerly from
1124:
1112:
1100:
1088:
1060:
1019:electron density
862:hyperkeratinized
757:
756:
749:
681:
661:
646:
643:
637:
631:
614:
603:
592:
591:
577:
575:
560:
540:
520:
500:
480:
460:
440:
420:
410:
409:
395:
259:
197:
187:
177:
116:
105:
102:
89:
75:
42:
33:
26:
24:
20:
4688:
4687:
4683:
4682:
4681:
4679:
4678:
4677:
4593:
4592:
4591:
4581:
4579:
4571:
4569:
4564:
4543:Povidone-iodine
4502:
4481:
4453:
4435:
4338:
4320:
4292:
4248:
4229:
4205:Oxytetracycline
4195:Chloramphenicol
4176:
4165:anti-infectives
4159:
4129:
4124:
4123:
4108:Clinical trials
4087:
3916:
3896:
3877:
3862:
3842:
3799:
3787:
3766:
3747:
3743:
3718:
3710:
3702:
3677:
3665:
3646:
3599:fosravuconazole
3556:
3432:
3431:lanosterol 14α-
3418:
3407:
3401:
3387:
3357:
3352:
3351:
3336:Clinical trials
3315:
3281:Albumin tannate
3269:
3244:
3153:corticosteroids
3140:
3058:Antipropulsives
3052:
2998:
2823:
2807:
2786:
2756:
2755:
2745:
2743:
2738:
2737:
2733:
2680:
2676:
2667:
2665:
2663:
2637:
2633:
2624:
2622:
2620:
2594:
2590:
2553:
2549:
2514:
2510:
2499:
2483:
2479:
2468:
2452:
2448:
2437:
2433:
2410:
2406:
2399:
2385:
2381:
2342:
2331:
2300:
2296:
2243:
2239:
2186:
2182:
2167:
2145:
2141:
2126:
2112:
2108:
2099:
2097:
2087:
2063:
2054:
2015:
2011:
2003:
1996:
1992:
1991:
1987:
1977:
1975:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1950:
1928:
1919:
1872:
1868:
1821:
1814:
1783:(9): CD002033.
1769:
1765:
1750:
1736:
1732:
1717:
1703:
1696:
1686:
1684:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1661:
1659:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1617:
1613:
1574:
1570:
1559:
1543:
1536:
1526:
1524:
1511:
1510:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1286:
1256:
1251:
1180:
1138:
1128:
1125:
1116:
1113:
1104:
1101:
1092:
1089:
1052:
1047:
966:
909:
907:Adverse effects
838:
752:
750:
747:(what is this?)
744:
739:
736:
731:
726:
725:
714:
711:
706:
705:
684:
659:
649:
640:
634:
595:
571:
563:
543:
523:
503:
483:
463:
443:
423:
406:
398:
378:
375:
290:
289:
257:
236:Bioavailability
228:Pharmacokinetic
222:
201:
126:
119:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4686:
4676:
4675:
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4590:
4589:
4566:
4565:
4563:
4562:
4557:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4514:
4512:
4508:
4507:
4504:
4503:
4501:
4500:
4495:
4489:
4487:
4483:
4482:
4480:
4479:
4477:Amphotericin B
4474:
4469:
4463:
4461:
4455:
4454:
4452:
4451:
4445:
4443:
4437:
4436:
4434:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4357:
4355:
4346:
4340:
4339:
4337:
4336:
4330:
4328:
4322:
4321:
4319:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4302:
4300:
4294:
4293:
4291:
4290:
4285:
4283:Broxyquinoline
4280:
4275:
4273:Chlorquinaldol
4270:
4265:
4259:
4257:
4250:
4249:
4247:
4246:
4240:
4238:
4231:
4230:
4228:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4186:
4184:
4178:
4177:
4158:
4157:
4150:
4143:
4135:
4126:
4125:
4122:
4121:
4120:
4119:
4116:
4105:
4099:
4093:
4092:
4089:
4088:
4086:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4066:
4061:
4056:
4051:
4046:
4041:
4039:citronella oil
4035:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4014:
4009:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3989:
3984:
3982:salicylic acid
3979:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3952:crystal violet
3949:
3944:
3939:
3937:chlorophetanol
3934:
3928:
3926:
3922:
3921:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3907:
3905:
3898:
3897:
3895:
3894:
3887:
3885:
3879:
3878:
3876:
3875:
3868:
3866:
3852:
3848:
3847:
3844:
3843:
3841:
3840:
3835:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3814:
3803:
3801:
3793:
3792:
3789:
3788:
3786:
3785:
3778:
3776:
3772:
3771:
3768:
3767:
3765:
3764:
3757:
3755:
3749:
3748:
3746:
3745:
3738:
3731:
3729:
3720:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3708:
3705:amphotericin B
3697:
3692:
3685:
3683:
3671:
3670:
3667:
3666:
3664:
3663:
3656:
3654:
3648:
3647:
3645:
3644:
3639:
3632:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3594:fosfluconazole
3591:
3584:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3566:
3564:
3558:
3557:
3555:
3554:
3550:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3447:
3445:
3436:
3420:
3409:
3403:
3402:
3386:
3385:
3378:
3371:
3363:
3354:
3353:
3350:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3344:
3333:
3327:
3321:
3320:
3317:
3316:
3314:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3277:
3275:
3271:
3270:
3268:
3267:
3260:
3252:
3250:
3246:
3245:
3243:
3242:
3241:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3212:
3211:
3210:
3209:
3195:
3194:
3193:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3165:Hydrocortisone
3162:
3155:acting locally
3148:
3146:
3142:
3141:
3139:
3138:
3128:
3119:
3118:
3113:
3095:
3094:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3071:Opium tincture
3067:
3065:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3015:
3009:
3007:
3000:
2999:
2997:
2996:
2995:
2994:
2992:Broxyquinoline
2981:
2980:
2979:
2978:
2965:
2964:
2963:
2962:
2949:
2948:
2947:
2946:
2941:
2928:
2927:
2926:
2925:
2923:Sulfaguanidine
2920:
2915:
2902:
2901:
2900:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2842:Amphotericin B
2831:
2829:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2821:
2815:
2813:
2809:
2808:
2800:anti-infective
2789:Antidiarrheals
2785:
2784:
2777:
2770:
2762:
2754:
2753:
2731:
2674:
2661:
2631:
2618:
2588:
2567:(5): 433–473.
2547:
2508:
2497:
2477:
2466:
2446:
2431:
2420:(4): 349–352.
2404:
2397:
2379:
2352:(4): 436–443.
2329:
2310:(2): 103–122.
2294:
2257:(6): 443–463.
2237:
2180:
2165:
2139:
2124:
2106:
2085:
2052:
2025:(6): 492–495.
2009:
1985:
1955:
1948:
1917:
1893:10.1086/596757
1886:(5): 503–535.
1866:
1812:
1763:
1749:978-8131243619
1748:
1730:
1715:
1694:
1669:
1639:
1611:
1568:
1557:
1534:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1473:
1470:
1455:
1452:
1445:
1434:
1427:
1420:hydrocortisone
1416:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1404:
1393:
1386:
1383:Holland Rantos
1379:
1372:
1361:hydrocortisone
1353:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1240:nystatin pore.
1179:
1176:
1137:
1134:
1130:
1129:
1126:
1119:
1117:
1115:Modules 13 -18
1114:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1083:
1069:aminoglycoside
1050:
1046:
1043:
1023:hydrophilicity
1003:nephrotoxicity
980:. It binds to
970:amphotericin B
965:
962:
961:
960:
957:
954:
953:Nephrotoxicity
947:
946:
937:
926:
925:
922:
921:Abdominal pain
919:
908:
905:
895:amphotericin B
837:
834:
759:
758:
741:
740:
738:
737:
734:
732:
729:
721:
720:
719:
716:
715:
713:
712:
709:
701:
700:
699:
696:
695:
692:
686:
685:
683:
682:
674:
672:
664:
663:
657:
651:
650:
647:
638:
632:
627:
621:
620:
616:
615:
605:
597:
596:
594:
593:
580:
578:
565:
564:
562:
561:
553:
551:
545:
544:
542:
541:
533:
531:
525:
524:
522:
521:
513:
511:
505:
504:
502:
501:
493:
491:
485:
484:
482:
481:
473:
471:
465:
464:
462:
461:
453:
451:
445:
444:
442:
441:
433:
431:
425:
424:
422:
421:
413:
411:
400:
399:
397:
396:
388:
386:
380:
379:
377:
376:
293:
285:
284:
283:
280:
279:
275:
274:
271:
265:
264:
261:
252:
251:
248:
242:
241:
238:
232:
231:
224:
223:
221:
220:
216:
214:
208:
207:
203:
202:
200:
199:
166:
164:
158:
157:
149:
143:
142:
129:
127:administration
121:
120:
118:
117:
99:
97:
91:
90:
83:
77:
76:
69:
59:
58:
55:
49:
48:
44:
43:
35:
34:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4685:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4648:Vicinal diols
4646:
4644:
4643:Lipid methods
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4600:
4598:
4588:
4578:
4577:
4574:
4561:
4560:Copper usnate
4558:
4556:
4555:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4515:
4513:
4509:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4490:
4488:
4484:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4464:
4462:
4460:
4456:
4450:
4447:
4446:
4444:
4442:
4438:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4411:Propenidazole
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4401:Fenticonazole
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4361:Metronidazole
4359:
4358:
4356:
4354:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4341:
4335:
4334:Sulfatolamide
4332:
4331:
4329:
4327:
4323:
4317:
4316:Ascorbic acid
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4303:
4301:
4299:
4298:Organic acids
4295:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4251:
4245:
4242:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4232:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4187:
4185:
4183:
4179:
4174:
4170:
4166:
4163:
4162:Gynecological
4156:
4151:
4149:
4144:
4142:
4137:
4136:
4133:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4094:
4090:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4045:
4042:
4040:
4037:
4036:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4018:
4015:
4013:
4010:
4008:
4005:
4003:
4000:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3942:chlorphenesin
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3929:
3927:
3923:
3913:
3909:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3899:
3893:
3889:
3888:
3886:
3884:
3880:
3874:
3870:
3869:
3867:
3865:
3860:
3856:
3853:
3851:Intracellular
3849:
3839:
3838:ibrexafungerp
3836:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3812:anidulafungin
3809:
3808:echinocandins
3805:
3804:
3802:
3798:
3794:
3784:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3773:
3763:
3759:
3758:
3756:
3754:
3750:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3733:
3732:
3730:
3728:
3724:
3721:
3717:
3713:
3706:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3687:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3676:
3672:
3662:
3658:
3657:
3655:
3653:
3649:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3634:
3633:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3619:oteseconazole
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3609:isavuconazole
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3586:
3585:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3571:efinaconazole
3568:
3567:
3565:
3563:
3559:
3552:
3551:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3537:sertaconazole
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3492:fenticonazole
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3462:chlormidazole
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3449:
3448:
3446:
3444:
3440:
3437:
3434:
3428:
3424:
3421:
3417:
3413:
3410:
3404:
3399:
3395:
3391:
3384:
3379:
3377:
3372:
3370:
3365:
3364:
3361:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3318:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3272:
3266:
3265:
3261:
3259:
3258:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3247:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3223:Sulfasalazine
3221:
3220:
3219:
3218:
3214:
3213:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3203:
3201:
3197:
3196:
3191:
3190:Beclometasone
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3175:Betamethasone
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3143:
3136:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3121:
3120:
3117:
3114:
3111:
3107:
3106:Diphenoxylate
3104:
3102:
3097:
3096:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3076:
3072:
3069:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3059:
3055:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3023:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3010:
3008:
3006:
3001:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2988:
2987:
2983:
2982:
2977:
2974:
2973:
2972:
2971:
2967:
2966:
2961:
2958:
2957:
2956:
2955:
2951:
2950:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2935:
2934:
2930:
2929:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2909:
2908:
2904:
2903:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2839:
2838:
2837:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2826:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2810:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2794:
2790:
2783:
2778:
2776:
2771:
2769:
2764:
2763:
2760:
2741:
2735:
2727:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2685:
2678:
2664:
2662:9780444509406
2658:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2635:
2621:
2619:9780121852573
2615:
2611:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2592:
2584:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2551:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2512:
2504:
2500:
2494:
2490:
2489:
2481:
2473:
2469:
2463:
2459:
2458:
2450:
2442:
2435:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2408:
2400:
2394:
2390:
2383:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2340:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2298:
2290:
2286:
2281:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2241:
2233:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2184:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2166:9780720406450
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2143:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2121:
2117:
2110:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2086:9780120329458
2082:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2069:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2021:(in German).
2020:
2013:
2002:
1995:
1989:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1959:
1951:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1913:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1870:
1862:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1835:: 1161–1171.
1834:
1830:
1826:
1819:
1817:
1808:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1767:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1745:
1741:
1734:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1712:
1708:
1701:
1699:
1683:
1679:
1673:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1643:
1634:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1615:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1572:
1564:
1560:
1558:9789401703116
1554:
1550:
1549:
1541:
1539:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1502:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1483:
1471:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1446:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1432:
1428:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1405:
1402:
1398:
1397:triamcinolone
1394:
1391:
1387:
1384:
1380:
1377:
1373:
1370:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1351:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1281:
1279:
1271:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1257:
1246:
1237:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1216:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1202:
1194:
1190:
1189:
1184:
1175:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1156:
1151:
1142:
1133:
1123:
1118:
1111:
1106:
1099:
1094:
1087:
1082:
1081:
1080:
1076:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1058:
1057:
1042:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1007:
1004:
1000:
995:
991:
987:
986:cell membrane
983:
979:
975:
971:
958:
955:
952:
951:
950:
945:
942:
941:exanthematous
938:
936:in some cases
935:
931:
930:
929:
923:
920:
917:
916:
915:
912:
904:
902:
901:
896:
892:
887:
883:
881:
877:
873:
868:
865:
863:
859:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
833:
831:
830:
825:
821:
817:
813:
808:
806:
805:cell membrane
802:
797:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
778:
773:
769:
765:
755:
748:
742:
733:
728:
727:
724:
717:
708:
707:
704:
697:
693:
691:
690:Melting point
687:
680:
676:
675:
673:
670:
665:
658:
656:
652:
628:
626:
622:
617:
613:
609:
606:
604:
602:ECHA InfoCard
598:
590:
586:
585:DTXSID4040688
582:
581:
579:
570:
566:
559:
555:
554:
552:
550:
546:
539:
535:
534:
532:
530:
526:
519:
515:
514:
512:
510:
506:
499:
495:
494:
492:
490:
486:
479:
475:
474:
472:
470:
466:
459:
455:
454:
452:
450:
446:
439:
435:
434:
432:
430:
426:
419:
415:
414:
412:
405:
401:
394:
390:
389:
387:
385:
381:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
292:
291:
288:
281:
276:
272:
270:
266:
262:
260:
253:
249:
247:
243:
239:
237:
233:
229:
225:
218:
217:
215:
213:
209:
204:
196:
191:
186:
181:
176:
171:
168:
167:
165:
163:
159:
156:
153:
150:
148:
144:
141:
137:
133:
130:
128:
122:
115:
110:
101:
100:
98:
96:
92:
88:
84:
82:
78:
74:
70:
68:
64:
60:
56:
54:
50:
47:Clinical data
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
19:
4552:
4538:Furazolidone
4528:Policresulen
4466:
4431:Flutrimazole
4416:Butoconazole
4396:Ketoconazole
4366:Clotrimazole
4326:Sulfonamides
4288:Oxyquinoline
4064:tea tree oil
4049:lemon myrtle
3962:ethylparaben
3892:griseofulvin
3753:Benzylamines
3699:
3642:ravuconazole
3637:albaconazole
3629:voriconazole
3624:posaconazole
3614:itraconazole
3604:hexaconazole
3522:neticonazole
3512:luliconazole
3507:ketoconazole
3497:flutrimazole
3482:eberconazole
3472:clotrimazole
3457:butoconazole
3306:Racecadotril
3262:
3255:
3215:
3200:antiallergic
3198:
3160:Prednisolone
3151:
3135:+simethicone
3122:
3098:
3038:Crospovidone
2986:Oxyquinoline
2984:
2968:
2952:
2939:Nifuroxazide
2931:
2907:Sulfonamides
2905:
2892:Streptomycin
2871:
2834:
2744:. Retrieved
2734:
2691:
2687:
2677:
2666:, retrieved
2644:
2634:
2623:, retrieved
2601:
2591:
2564:
2560:
2550:
2525:
2521:
2511:
2487:
2480:
2456:
2449:
2440:
2434:
2417:
2413:
2407:
2388:
2382:
2349:
2345:
2307:
2303:
2297:
2254:
2250:
2240:
2197:
2193:
2183:
2148:
2142:
2115:
2109:
2098:, retrieved
2067:
2022:
2018:
2012:
1988:
1976:. Retrieved
1967:
1958:
1935:
1883:
1879:
1869:
1832:
1828:
1780:
1776:
1766:
1739:
1733:
1706:
1685:. Retrieved
1681:
1672:
1660:. Retrieved
1651:
1642:
1633:10665/325771
1623:
1614:
1584:(1): 46–57.
1581:
1577:
1571:
1547:
1525:. Retrieved
1463:thiostrepton
1308:PMS-Nystatin
1275:
1254:Formulations
1243:
1219:
1212:
1198:
1186:
1167:
1153:
1147:
1131:
1103:Modules 6-12
1091:Loading to 5
1077:
1054:
1048:
1045:Biosynthesis
1008:
967:
948:
927:
913:
910:
900:Cryptococcus
898:
890:
888:
884:
876:chemotherapy
869:
866:
855:
839:
836:Medical uses
827:
809:
798:
775:
767:
763:
762:
751:
745:
549:NIAID ChemDB
538:ChEMBL229383
518:CHEBI:473992
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
273:Fecal (100%)
256:Elimination
212:Legal status
206:Legal status
95:License data
18:
4618:Polyketides
4608:Dermatoxins
4603:Antifungals
4449:Terconazole
4426:Oxiconazole
4421:Omoconazole
4406:Azanidazole
4391:Tioconazole
4386:Isoconazole
4344:Antifungals
4311:Acetic acid
4306:Lactic acid
4278:Dequalinium
4256:derivatives
4220:Clindamycin
4215:Mepartricin
4210:Carfecillin
4182:Antibiotics
4169:antiseptics
4104:from market
4083:pentamidine
4044:lemon grass
4002:taurolidine
3972:polynoxylin
3873:flucytosine
3817:caspofungin
3741:terbinafine
3727:Allylamines
3589:fluconazole
3581:terconazole
3576:fluconazole
3547:tioconazole
3542:sulconazole
3532:oxiconazole
3527:omoconazole
3502:isoconazole
3477:croconazole
3435:inhibitors)
3433:demethylase
3390:Antifungals
3332:from market
3238:Balsalazide
3126:Eluxadoline
3093:(paregoric)
3048:Diosmectite
3043:Attapulgite
3020:(including
3003:Intestinal
2882:Polymyxin B
2877:Paromomycin
2852:Fidaxomicin
2836:Antibiotics
2812:Rehydration
2746:11 November
2742:. WebMD LLC
1424:dimethicone
1363:; formerly
1299:Candistatin
1284:Brand names
1276:Due to its
1188:Penicillium
1158:in 1950 by
1075:I pathway.
999:cholesterol
956:Hypokalemia
880:fluconazole
782:diaper rash
662: g·mol
608:100.014.317
278:Identifiers
81:MedlinePlus
53:Trade names
4633:Hemiketals
4597:Categories
4548:Protiofate
4518:Clodantoin
4493:Ciclopirox
4381:Ornidazole
4371:Miconazole
4353:Imidazoles
4268:Clioquinol
4225:Pentamycin
4200:Hachimycin
4190:Candicidin
4073:atovaquone
4054:orange oil
4017:tolnaftate
4012:tolciclate
3997:sulbentine
3967:haloprogin
3947:ciclopirox
3912:tavaborole
3904:inhibitors
3890:Systemic:
3871:Systemic:
3832:rezafungin
3827:micafungin
3822:cilofungin
3806:Systemic:
3800:inhibitors
3783:amorolfine
3762:butenafine
3719:inhibitors
3703:Systemic:
3680:ergosterol
3587:Systemic:
3517:miconazole
3467:climbazole
3452:bifonazole
3443:Imidazoles
3419:inhibitors
3416:Ergosterol
3311:Kaopectate
3301:Octreotide
3296:Crofelemer
3233:Olsalazine
3228:Mesalazine
3185:Budesonide
3180:Tixocortol
3170:Prednisone
3131:Loperamide
3005:adsorbents
2960:Miconazole
2933:Nitrofuran
2897:Vancomycin
2793:intestinal
2668:9 December
2625:9 December
2100:9 December
1687:14 January
1662:14 January
1527:27 January
1513:"Nystatin"
1478:References
1305:Bio-Statin
1227:monovalent
1201:lipid raft
1178:Other uses
1065:mycosamine
1049:Nystatin A
1015:Conjugated
982:ergosterol
944:pustulosis
853:esophageal
768:Mycostatin
667:3D model (
655:Molar mass
478:BDF1O1C72E
449:ChemSpider
384:CAS Number
287:IUPAC name
246:Metabolism
147:Drug class
4533:Nifuratel
4472:Natamycin
4441:Triazoles
4376:Econazole
4254:Quinoline
4244:Acetarsol
4237:compounds
4114:Phase III
4102:Withdrawn
4059:patchouli
4007:ticlatone
3910:Topical:
3781:Topical:
3760:Topical:
3736:naftifine
3734:Topical:
3707:, hamycin
3695:natamycin
3688:Topical:
3661:abafungin
3659:Topical:
3652:Thiazoles
3635:Unknown:
3569:Topical:
3562:Triazoles
3487:econazole
3450:Topical:
3342:Phase III
3330:Withdrawn
3291:Ceratonia
3116:Difenoxin
3110:+atropine
2976:Acetarsol
2970:Arsenical
2954:Imidazole
2944:Nifurzide
2887:Rifaximin
2862:Natamycin
2857:Kanamycin
2534:0035-9114
2134:903083639
1758:978526697
1725:994570810
1401:Apothecon
1332:Nystamont
1317:pessaries
1150:bacterial
978:ionophore
974:natamycin
801:pregnancy
393:1400-61-9
269:Excretion
258:half-life
125:Routes of
73:Monograph
67:Drugs.com
4628:Polyenes
4623:Lactones
4587:Medicine
4467:Nystatin
4459:Polyenes
3957:dimazole
3700:nystatin
3682:binding)
3408:membrane
3099:crosses
3086:Morphine
3075:laudanum
3013:Charcoal
2872:Nystatin
2867:Neomycin
2847:Colistin
2802:agents (
2726:12719237
2542:41370578
2503:Archived
2472:Archived
2374:19291518
2366:15700127
2232:16679364
2047:10935411
2001:Archived
1972:Archived
1912:19191635
1861:27042008
1807:25188770
1682:ClinCalc
1656:Archived
1652:ClinCalc
1622:(2019).
1598:11831475
1563:Archived
1521:Archived
1326:Infestat
1313:ointment
1293:Pedi-Dri
1278:toxicity
1205:caveolae
1172:New York
1027:channels
918:Diarrhea
891:in vitro
764:Nystatin
754:(verify)
458:23078586
429:DrugBank
162:ATC code
140:by mouth
114:Nystatin
109:DailyMed
23:Nystatin
4673:Acetals
4638:Lactols
4523:Inosine
4235:Arsenic
4078:dapsone
3690:hamycin
3081:Codeine
3062:opioids
3018:Bismuth
2717:1302868
2696:Bibcode
2583:7534361
2324:1854791
2280:1262305
2259:Bibcode
2223:1563755
2202:Bibcode
2095:9547888
2039:9675578
1978:1 April
1903:7294538
1852:4801147
1798:6457783
1606:8015426
1376:Lederle
1369:Typharm
1345:Mykinac
1337:Paddock
1302:Nyaderm
1136:History
857:Candida
845:vaginal
777:Candida
660:926.107
625:Formula
438:DB00646
404:PubChem
192: (
190:G01AA01
182: (
180:D01AA01
178:)
172: (
170:A07AA02
152:Polyene
136:vaginal
132:Topical
111::
87:a682758
4658:Amines
4573:Portal
4097:WHO-EM
3925:Others
3775:Others
3427:Azoles
3325:WHO-EM
3033:Kaolin
3028:Pectin
2724:
2714:
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1454:Lystin
1342:Nystex
1315:, and
1290:Nyamyc
1193:fungus
994:sterol
851:, and
792:, and
786:thrush
703:SMILES
558:004993
529:ChEMBL
498:D00202
107:
4511:Other
4486:Other
3406:Wall/
2538:JSTOR
2370:S2CID
2043:S2CID
2004:(PDF)
1997:(PDF)
1942:–53.
1602:S2CID
1365:Bayer
1269:drug.
1067:, an
1031:polar
968:Like
849:mouth
723:InChI
669:JSmol
509:ChEBI
418:14960
4167:and
3396:and
2798:and
2748:2018
2722:PMID
2670:2023
2657:ISBN
2627:2023
2614:ISBN
2579:PMID
2530:ISSN
2493:ISBN
2462:ISBN
2422:PMID
2393:ISBN
2362:PMID
2320:PMID
2308:1071
2289:7679
2285:PMID
2228:PMID
2171:PMID
2161:ISBN
2130:OCLC
2120:ISBN
2102:2023
2091:PMID
2081:ISBN
2035:PMID
1980:2014
1944:ISBN
1908:PMID
1857:PMID
1803:PMID
1781:2014
1754:OCLC
1744:ISBN
1721:OCLC
1711:ISBN
1689:2024
1664:2024
1594:PMID
1553:ISBN
1529:2016
1465:and
1440:and
1422:and
1371:Ltd)
1367:now
1359:and
1230:ions
1162:and
972:and
872:AIDS
841:Skin
814:and
489:KEGG
469:UNII
342:, 25
230:data
63:AHFS
4173:G01
4069:PCP
3398:J02
3394:D01
3101:BBB
2804:A07
2712:PMC
2704:doi
2649:doi
2606:doi
2569:doi
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2354:doi
2312:doi
2275:PMC
2267:doi
2218:PMC
2210:doi
2153:doi
2073:doi
2027:doi
1898:PMC
1888:doi
1847:PMC
1837:doi
1793:PMC
1785:doi
1628:hdl
1586:doi
574:EPA
408:CID
370:,37
366:,36
362:,35
358:,33
354:,31
350:,29
346:,27
338:,21
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