29:
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361:
In the London Times, Nov. 20, 1882, the Editor says that he had received a great number of letters upon this phenomenon. He publishes two. One correspondent describes it as "well-defined and shaped like a fish … extraordinary and alarming." The other correspondent writes of it as "a most magnificent
392:
The association of the
November 1882 sunspot, or group of sunspots, with the strong auroral display, the collapse of the telegraph system, and variations in the magnetic readings taken at Greenwich was to prompt Maunder to pursue further research of the link between sunspots and magnetic phenomena.
373:
This "torpedo-shaped" beam of light was quite unlike any other celestial object that I have ever seen. The quality of its light, and its occurrence while a great magnetic storm and a bright aurora were in progress, seem to establish its auroral origin. But it differed very widely in appearance from
388:
group 885 (Greenwich numbering). This group originally had formed on the disc on
October 20, passed off at the west limb on October 28, passed again east–west between November 12–25, and returned at the east limb on December 10, before finally disappearing on the disc on December 20.
383:
In a 1904 article, Maunder was to describe the storm as a "very intense and long-continued disturbance", which in total, lasted between
November 11 and 26. He pointed out that this synchronised "with the entire passage across the visible disc" of
310:"-like shape and pale green colour, passing from horizon to horizon above the Moon. The phenomenon, which transited the sky in approximately seventy-five seconds, was witnessed and documented by the amateur scientist and astronomer,
305:
The most unusual phenomenon of the auroral storm, witnessed from Europe at approximately 6 p.m. on
November 17, was described in detail in various ways, including as a "beam", "spindle", "definite body" with a
528:, Vol 3, 1 (Jan 15, 1917), 3. Note that Thomson gives the date as April 1883, but in a subsequent "correction" (3, 1917, 222) identifies it as November 17, 1882, after receiving further information from
332:: these included reports of the object's torpedo-shaped appearance and an apparent dark nucleus. Several of Capron's correspondents speculated that the phenomenon might have been a
263:, described seeing "colored streamers passing upward from all around towards the zenith from north, east, west and south", with "great masses or broad bands to the east and west".
214:
During the event, bright auroral phenomena were recorded from across the world, including several observations from polar latitudes, thanks to the event occurring during the First
366:
Although Fort suggested the event had supernatural overtones, scientific opinion was that the "beam" likely represented an extremely unusual auroral phenomenon.
281:, June 1883 (pp. 192–193) and April 1916 (pp. 213–215), which he termed "a strange celestial visitor," the drawing above is by astronomer and
256:
322:. Capron made a drawing of what he referred to as the "auroral beam"; it subsequently was published along with an article in the
597:
The "Great" Magnetic Storms, 1875 to 1903, and their association with Sun-spots, as recorded at the Royal
Observatory, Greenwich
649:
138:
The event is particularly remembered in connection with an unusual phenomenon, an "auroral beam", which was observed from the
772:
193:, the 'volunteer electric current' was at one time strong enough to light up an electric lamp". Measurements taken in the
131:
event, widely reported in the media of the time. It occurred during an extended period of strong geomagnetic activity in
340:
on Capron's study) thought it could have represented a transient illumination of an otherwise invisible auroral arc.
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642:
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The Sun Kings: the unexpected tragedy of
Richard Carrington and the tale of how modern astronomy began
713:
328:. In the article, Capron collected twenty-six separate accounts, of which the majority came from the
243:
1111:
1045:
899:
215:
293:, United Kingdom, who also observed it and the crescent moon is represented below it to the right
96:
499:
353:, in which he collected further reports from various articles (including several in the journal
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297:
166:
The magnetic storm that caused the brilliant auroral display of
November 1882 was reported in
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Strange phenomenon on
November 17, 1882, observed and described by Edward Walter Maunder in
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8:
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office was set on fire several times, and much damage to equipment was done. From
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of
November 18 reported a "brilliance as bright as daylight" at
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155:
887:
197:, where the telegraph also was affected, indicated that a
475:, London: R. Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co, 1896, p.143
176:
systems, which were rendered useless in some cases. The
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579:
540:
538:
1103:
526:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
362:luminous mass, shaped somewhat like a torpedo."
357:) published both at the time and subsequently:
336:, but Capron (and Maunder, who wrote a note in
603:
535:
347:, later referred to this incident in his book
643:
557:
201:five times stronger than normal was present.
484:Silverman and Tuan in Landsberg, E.H. (ed.)
218:. In one case, two members of the ill-fated
172:and other newspapers as having an effect on
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478:
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622:, Princeton University Press, 2007, p.142
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419:
417:
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426:"The auroral beam of November 17, 1882"
374:any other aurora that I have ever seen.
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423:
182:reported that "the switchboard at the
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773:Interplanetary coronal mass ejection
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509:, Vol. 54, No. 6, Oct 1897, 874-878
161:
13:
448:
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16:Powerful geomagnetic storm of 1882
14:
1133:
600:, MNRAS, LXIV, 3, (Jan 1904), 206
238:Observations in the United States
657:
266:
41:(size and distance not to scale)
27:
999:November 1882 geomagnetic storm
815:Geomagnetically induced current
1020:January 1938 geomagnetic storm
921:Health threat from cosmic rays
895:Sudden ionospheric disturbance
1:
1025:August 1972 geomagnetic storm
790:Interplanetary magnetic field
521:Inferences Concerning Auroras
488:, Academic Press, 1973, p.192
408:
1030:March 1989 geomagnetic storm
820:Disturbance storm time index
785:Interplanetary current sheet
285:expert, John Rand Capron of
257:National Academy of Sciences
222:, including the astronomer,
220:Lady Franklin Bay Expedition
140:Royal Observatory, Greenwich
7:
1051:2003 Halloween solar storms
547:A Strange Celestial Visitor
396:
259:, the electrical engineer,
251:, and a "blood red" sky at
121:Aurora of November 17, 1882
22:Aurora of November 17, 1882
10:
1138:
1015:May 1921 geomagnetic storm
460:The Transit of Venus storm
255:. In a 1917 paper for the
204:
74:26 November 1882
59:11 November 1882
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714:Solar energetic particles
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442:10.1080/14786448308627358
244:The Philadelphia Inquirer
106:
102:
85:
70:
55:
50:
46:
26:
1046:Bastille Day solar storm
900:Ground level enhancement
216:International Polar Year
97:communications blackouts
978:993–994 carbon-14 spike
973:774–775 carbon-14 spike
574:The Book of the Damned
486:Advances in Geophysics
430:Philosophical Magazine
424:Capron, J. R. (1883).
376:
364:
350:The Book of the Damned
325:Philosophical Magazine
302:
298:Philosophical Magazine
33:Artist's depiction of
1083:May 2024 solar storms
1067:July 2012 solar storm
697:Coronal mass ejection
554:, April 1916, 213-215
371:
359:
274:
226:, while observing at
179:Savannah Morning News
144:Edward Walter Maunder
1122:November 1882 events
955:List of solar storms
883:Subauroral ion drift
865:Planetary atmosphere
753:Interplanetary space
726:Solar radio emission
709:Solar particle event
506:The Century Magazine
403:List of solar storms
855:Magnetic pulsations
544:See Maunder, E. W.
473:The Aurora Borealis
369:Maunder commented:
232:north magnetic pole
23:
1117:Geomagnetic storms
609:Maunder, 1904, 216
585:Maunder, 1916, 214
563:Maunder, 1883, 193
500:What is an Aurora?
303:
210:Polar observations
169:The New York Times
56:Initial onset
21:
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936:Solar observation
810:Geomagnetic storm
462:, solarstorms.org
125:geomagnetic storm
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51:Geomagnetic storm
37:striking Earth's
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994:Carrington Event
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345:Charles Hoy Fort
312:John Rand Capron
199:telluric current
162:Magnetic effects
148:John Rand Capron
90:Electrical fires
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436:(95): 318–339.
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379:Solar phenomena
338:The Observatory
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278:The Observatory
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127:and associated
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142:by astronomer
133:solar cycle 12
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267:Capron's beam
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261:Elihu Thomson
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224:Edward Israel
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39:magnetosphere
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926:Heliophysics
850:Ring current
835:Dungey Cycle
743:Coronal hole
659:Solar storms
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594:Maunder, E.
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572:Fort, C. H.
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518:Thomson, E.
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966:Before 1800
931:Solar cycle
721:Solar flare
497:McAdie, A.
228:Fort Conger
1106:Categories
766:Pickup ion
761:Solar wind
471:Angot, A.
409:References
301:, May 1883
78:1882-11-26
71:Dissipated
63:1882-11-11
35:solar wind
230:near the
191:Milwaukee
174:telegraph
94:telegraph
92:; global
830:Substorm
397:See also
316:Guildown
308:Zeppelin
287:Guildown
249:Cheyenne
152:Guildown
108:Part of
914:Related
825:K-index
736:Sunspot
386:sunspot
253:St Paul
205:Aurorae
184:Chicago
146:and by
86:Impacts
76: (
61: (
873:Aurora
355:Nature
334:meteor
320:Surrey
291:Surrey
283:aurora
156:Surrey
129:aurora
123:was a
1076:2020s
1060:2010s
1039:2000s
1008:1900s
987:1800s
888:STEVE
550:, in
524:, in
314:, at
150:from
119:The
438:doi
1108::
537:^
503:,
450:^
434:15
432:.
428:.
416:^
318:,
295:-
158:.
154:,
135:.
651:e
644:t
637:v
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444:.
440::
306:"
80:)
65:)
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