810:, member of the TPLF central committee and former head of the military during the TPLF led government, confirmed the attack, stating "the only option of the Government of Tigray was to use its smaller force to take control over the North Command which was large in numbers and capacity in just a very short period of time". He rejected the claim that the TPLF was the first to initiate military preparations and threats, stating, " war was started by our enemies who have been preparing for a long time. … Now they are attempting to present it as a retaliation for the 'attack' on the North Command; this is just a fairy tale."
1844:
163:
132:
1856:
1832:
1869:
824:
2380:
151:
1798:
106:
1811:
118:
2389:
641:, 150 kilometres to the south-west, where they were held for two weeks and provided with tea, bread and not much water. Bulcha and his colleagues' personal valuables were confiscated. After negotiating the burning of their uniforms to avoid them being re-used by the TPLF, the ENDF soldiers were transported in trucks, each carrying 500 soldiers, to the border between Tigray Region and
660:, was on guard duty from 22:00 to 24:00 EAT 3 November. He heard gunshots after finishing his guard duty. TPLF special forces and militias entered the camp, ordering the ENDF soldiers to surrender. The ENDF soldiers surrendered after being ordered to by their senior officers, Tigrayans. The ENDF soldiers were transported to
762:
had occurred during the attacks. He stated that the "TPLF identified and separated hundreds of unarmed
Ethiopian soldiers of non-Tigrayan origin, tied their hands and feet together, massacred them in cold blood, and left their bodies lying in open air." Abiy suggested that the TPLF forces had "record
745:
on 4 November. According to the two soldiers' report, the ENDF forces shot at the attackers, initially succeeding in defending their base. The base was sieged by TPLF forces. ENDF soldiers rationed their food supplies, which lasted for eight days. On the tenth day of the siege, a six-hour battle took
664:
on 6 November, kept there for a week, and taken to Abiy Addi, where they were kept for three weeks in small rooms with "very crammed conditions". The witness was allowed to leave and transported with others to the Amhara Region border at Tekezé River on trucks, after which they crossed the river and
633:
A shooting battle started at 01:00 EAT 4 November, at a distance of 50 metres between the two sides. Bulcha claimed that there were 32 ENDF fatalities and 100 TPLF fatalities. The battle ended when ENDF commanders ordered their soldiers to return their weapons to the storeroom. Priests and town
1414:
A top TPLF official appeared to confirm the federal government's claim that TPLF forces sparked the conflict by attacking a military base. Sekoutoure
Getachew in a video discussion said pre-emptive strikes were carried out in self-defense against the Ethiopian army's Northern Command, calling it an
629:
3 November. Bulcha together with other soldiers requested a colonel to unlock a storeroom with the soldiers' weapons. The colonel refused. Bulcha suspected that the colonel, an ethnic
Tigrayan, refused on behalf of the TPLF. The soldiers eventually obtained their weapons, by which time TPLF forces
771:
Early on, the TPLF gave conflicting statements about the nature of the attacks. The TPLF described the
November attacks as a pre-emptive strike since it expected to be attacked by the ENDF. They alleged that, in the months and days before the fighting erupted, Ethiopian armed forces had been
566:(TPLF) lost control of federal Ethiopian institutions, while retaining power in the Tigray Region and resisting federal control. On 29 October 2020, the TPLF rejected the federal government's appointment of new leadership for the ENDF's Northern Command. On 2 November 2020,
1073:
The crisis began with a surprise attack on
Northern Command on 4 November 2020 by forces loyal to the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), a party that dominated Ethiopia until 2018 and still controls Tigray National Regional State, which has its own police and
788:, "We didn't initiate any attack." He said that some soldiers "joined us by rejecting federal treatment to Tigray." Wondimu Asamew of the TPLF stated, "There was no attack" and that the story of the attacks was a fictional pretext for attacking TPLF forces.
548:. The Ethiopian federal government stated that these attacks justified the ENDF's military action against the TPLF, which, at the time the attacks occurred, held control over the Tigray Region. The TPLF described the action as "a pre-emptive strike."
728:
In the early hours of the morning, gunfire was reported around the
Mekelle airport, after federal government commandos reportedly arrived with the apparent goal of securing military assets and, possibly removing and apprehending the TPLF leadership.
1470:"We are deeply concerned by reports that the Tigray People's Liberation Front carried out attacks on Ethiopian National Defense Force bases in Ethiopia's Tigray region. We urge immediate action to restore the peace and de-escalate tensions"
1401:
1483:
1437:
1393:
1060:
1322:
1028:
1224:
578:
Mohammed
Tessema of the ENDF stated in early December 2020 that 1000 senior commanders had been taken prisoner by TPLF forces on the evening of 3 November (or 4 November, according to
2461:
1926:
1260:
813:
In March 2022, TPLF spokesman
Getachew Reda stated that the war had started when the TPLF "undertook a preemptive operation to disarm and neutralize the Northern Command."
2363:
1186:
863:
Some reports stated that the war began on 4 November; however, the earliest instances of fighting are recorded as taking place during the very late hours of 3 November,
672:
witnesses stated that senior commanders, radio operators, women soldiers and soldiers with heavy weapons skills were not allowed to leave the Abiy Addi detention site.
1484:"Briefing With Assistant Secretary for African Affairs Tibor P. Nagy and U.S. Ambassador to Ethiopia Michael A. Raynor on the Situation in Ethiopia's Tigray Region"
713:(AFP) journalists visiting Dansha after the event described the military barracks as "bullet-scarred", a few shops boarded up, and most of the town as "unscathed".
2446:
1427:
584:) after being "invited to a dinner party" by the TPLF. In its 9 December 2020 statement, the ENDF said that it had freed the 1000 commanders, who had been held at
2317:
625:. The base was surrounded by hundreds of TPLF special forces and militias, including Tigrayan soldiers from the camp who had defected to the TPLF, after 23:30
845:
expressed "grave concern" about the attacks "by the Tigray People's
Liberation Front, TPLF, on Ethiopian National Defense Force bases in the Tigray region".
596:
704:
was on guard when ten
Tigrayan special forces personnel requested to meet the camp's commander. Hussen refused, an argument started, and guns were fired.
2426:
1312:
707:
Rifle and grenade battles in the Dansha attack lasted for most of the night. The attackers included former ENDF forces who had defected to the TPLF.
1018:
780:
have stated that this claim "is not supported by interview data on the deployment patterns of the federal troops". Head of the Tigrayan government,
1214:
839:
600:
215:
1056:
2436:
1451:
904:
2421:
2337:
665:
go to Soqota. He described the truck journey as "very difficult", during which some of the soldiers fell off the trucks and broke their legs.
1344:
1616:
1123:
1250:
1698:
1595:
1378:
2441:
2416:
1949:
1772:
1583:
2451:
697:
2032:
2431:
1822:
1567:
1178:
2294:
1626:
2277:
1153:
1746:
1515:
208:
2358:
2230:
2169:
1848:
1767:
1600:
563:
513:
479:
422:
136:
2411:
981:
570:, head of the TPLF and Tigray Region, stated in a press conference that the ENDF planned to attack the Tigray Region.
2262:
2056:
2037:
1944:
1895:
1090:
777:
2312:
1890:
1621:
832:
725:
was attacked on 4 November. Most of the staff there were administrative and the headquarters were easily captured.
634:
elders negotiated a surrender, which took place at 16:00, with the ENDF soldiers rendering their arms to the TPLF.
517:
1729:
1579:
201:
2240:
1965:
661:
489:
1703:
1646:
1636:
1557:
284:
274:
1362:
896:
562:
The attacks took place in the context of major political changes in Ethiopia during 2018–2020, in which the
2133:
2047:
2016:
1975:
1590:
603:, stating that Berhe and Yehdego were responsible for the dinner-party detention of the senior commanders.
385:
2392:
2305:
1970:
1734:
1724:
1693:
1283:
279:
2353:
2245:
1660:
1562:
1428:"General Tsadekan Gebretensae Exclusive Interview With Dimtsi Weyane Tigray, Broadcast on May 29, 2021"
494:
696:
Just before midnight on the evening of 3 November, ENDF member Hussen Besheir at an ENDF camp for the
2456:
2267:
1545:
1508:
2322:
2209:
2108:
1905:
799:
described the attacks as "pre-emptive", an "internationally known practice" and an "imperative".
781:
746:
place, with the TPLF using tanks, anti-aircraft guns and mortars. The ENDF soldiers surrendered.
567:
462:
360:
167:
2159:
2123:
2076:
1802:
1762:
1708:
1641:
412:
375:
328:
296:
2128:
1900:
1678:
1574:
1317:
926:
759:
380:
252:
1374:
1469:
710:
397:
1345:"Tigrayans Fleeing the TPLF: Their Opinions Ignored within Today's Most Misunderstood War"
8:
2383:
2086:
1739:
1501:
897:"Inside a military base in Ethiopia's Tigray: soldiers decry betrayal by former comrades"
807:
592:
338:
1452:"Ethiopia's TPLF admits it started war with attempt to 'disarm' ENDF's Northern Command"
2214:
2179:
2071:
1363:
Inside a military base in Ethiopia's Tigray: soldiers decry betrayal by former comrades
1313:"Operations to Restore Law and Order in Ethiopia's Tigray Region: How Did We Get Here?"
1128:
467:
432:
323:
2194:
2091:
2081:
1683:
1098:
447:
343:
333:
257:
2282:
2189:
2103:
1673:
1631:
1550:
864:
742:
685:
626:
442:
355:
247:
2199:
2164:
2154:
2098:
1688:
1143:
971:
900:
452:
417:
407:
350:
269:
646:
1921:
738:
537:
2405:
2204:
2174:
2149:
2118:
2113:
1861:
1837:
1102:
842:
829:
803:
642:
541:
457:
427:
402:
370:
365:
60:
2287:
2235:
621:
interviewed an ENDF sergeant, Bulcha, about the attack on an ENDF base near
484:
2184:
1255:
1219:
656:
An ENDF soldier at a different ENDF base near Adigrat, also interviewed by
580:
437:
653:
where they were lodged at a police compound and the wounded hospitalised.
1874:
1144:"Tigray crisis: Ethiopia orders military response after army base seized"
835:
585:
972:"Ethiopia's Tigray crisis: How a soldier survived an 11-hour gun battle"
1524:
1308:
868:
776:
in cooperation with that country's leadership. Some researchers at the
755:
557:
545:
225:
155:
81:
32:
1980:
1023:
772:
mobilized towards Tigray, apparently also being deployed into nearby
638:
1251:"Ethiopia issues arrest warrant against top army officers in Tigray"
1019:"The midnight confrontation that helped unleash Ethiopia's conflict"
754:
In a statement made late in December 2020, Ethiopian prime minister
1148:
976:
931:
927:"Ethiopia's central government launches offensive in Tigray region"
617:
150:
111:
64:
1215:"Ethiopia army says 1,000 captured senior military officers freed"
1057:"Ethiopia says Northern Command is counterattacking Tigray rebels"
591:
On 13 December, the ENDF issued arrest warrants for Major General
1816:
1013:
1011:
1009:
1007:
1005:
1003:
1001:
999:
936:
785:
773:
722:
622:
525:
521:
123:
56:
1375:"EPRDF's New Leadership (Executive & Council members lists)"
1124:"Ethiopia's Tigray blocks general's appointment in blow to Abiy"
763:
themselves singing and dancing on the bodies of their victims."
1985:
1301:
1179:"About 1,000 Military Officers Kidnapped By TPLF Junta Rescued"
721:
The Northern Command headquarters in the Tigrayan capital city
701:
650:
533:
996:
891:
889:
887:
649:, which they crossed by boat. The soldiers walked 16 hours to
86:
Ethiopian federal government mobilizes troops against the TPLF
1493:
1432:
1394:"Ethiopia's Tigray region bombs airports as conflict spreads"
681:
529:
193:
737:
ENDF soldiers Takele Ambaye and Molla Kassa stated that the
884:
796:
1244:
1242:
2462:
Attacks on government buildings and structures in Africa
1208:
1206:
1204:
1239:
966:
573:
1201:
964:
962:
960:
958:
956:
954:
952:
950:
948:
946:
741:
base near the Eritrean border was attacked at 05:00
1173:
1171:
1091:"The Nobel Peace Prize That Paved the Way for War"
943:
2403:
1168:
2447:Attacks on buildings and structures in Ethiopia
637:The ENDF soldiers were taken to a TPLF base at
180:32 killed, 9 wounded (claimed by ENDF sergeant)
1136:
684:was surrounded and called for rescue at 23:30
1509:
1050:
1048:
1046:
209:
859:
857:
749:
2338:Famine in northern Ethiopia (2020–present)
1516:
1502:
1385:
1043:
512:On 3–4 November 2020, forces loyal to the
216:
202:
2427:Attacks on military installations in 2020
1807:
854:
182:"Hundreds" killed (claimed by Abiy Ahmed)
2055:
1958:
520:(ENDF) Northern Command headquarters in
1617:Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present)
1281:
1248:
1212:
840:Assistant Secretary for African Affairs
2437:21st-century prisoner of war massacres
2404:
1699:2021–2022 Ethiopian state of emergency
1440:from the original on 15 November 2021.
1054:
2422:TPLF war crimes during the Tigray War
2295:Predictions of a genocide in Ethiopia
1497:
1404:from the original on 19 November 2020
1381:from the original on 24 January 2021.
1307:
1263:from the original on 14 December 2020
1227:from the original on 11 December 2020
1156:from the original on 19 November 2020
1088:
1063:from the original on 19 November 2020
1031:from the original on 10 December 2020
984:from the original on 10 December 2020
907:from the original on 17 December 2020
305:
197:
188:100 killed (claimed by ENDF sergeant)
2388:
1747:2022 al-Shabaab invasion of Ethiopia
1391:
1325:from the original on 20 January 2021
1249:Mutambo, Aggrey (13 December 2020).
1213:Mutambo, Aggrey (11 December 2020).
1189:from the original on 9 December 2020
1084:
1082:
1601:Resignation of Hailemariam Desalegn
1284:"Is Ethiopia Headed for Civil War?"
1055:Binnie, Jeremy (12 November 2020).
606:
574:3 November dinner party mass arrest
13:
1089:Walsh, Declan (15 December 2021).
806:broadcast on 29 May 2021, General
766:
14:
2473:
1896:Transitional Government of Tigray
1632:Formation of the Prosperity Party
1415:'internationally known practice'.
1349:Canadian Global Affairs Institute
1079:
778:Canadian Global Affairs Institute
2442:2020 massacres of the Tigray War
2417:November 2020 events in Ethiopia
2387:
2379:
2378:
2318:Refoulement of Eritrean refugees
1891:Ethiopian National Defense Force
1867:
1854:
1842:
1830:
1809:
1796:
1282:Gardner, Tom (5 November 2020).
822:
698:Northern Command Fifth Battalion
564:Tigray People's Liberation Front
518:Ethiopian National Defense Force
514:Tigray People's Liberation Front
161:
149:
137:Tigray People's Liberation Front
130:
116:
104:
2359:EHRC–OHCHR Tigray investigation
1768:Ethiopia–Tigray peace agreement
1730:2021 Ethiopian general election
1476:
1462:
1444:
1420:
1392:Anna, Cara (14 November 2020).
1367:
1355:
1337:
1275:
1183:Fana Broadcasting Corporate S.C
544:, marking the beginning of the
516:(TPLF) launched attacks on the
2452:November 2020 crimes in Africa
1523:
1116:
919:
223:
1:
2432:Mekelle during the Tigray War
1704:ENDF National Unity Offensive
1647:2020 Tigray regional election
1637:COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia
1558:1995 Constitution of Ethiopia
877:
551:
2017:Casualties of the Tigray war
1803:Ethiopian federal government
1622:2018 Eritrea–Ethiopia summit
816:
7:
1361:Reuters, 17 December 2020:
306:
16:Beginning of the Tigray War
10:
2478:
2354:ACHPR Tigray investigation
1596:2016–18 state of emergency
791:Sekoutoure Getachew (also
716:
611:
555:
2412:Battles of the Tigray War
2376:
2346:
2330:
2303:
2223:
2142:
2064:
2046:
2025:
2009:
2002:
1935:
1914:
1883:
1788:
1781:
1755:
1717:
1659:
1609:
1546:History of Western Tigray
1538:
1531:
691:
314:
233:
173:
142:
96:
38:
30:
25:
2274:Destruction of Heritage
1669:Northern Command attacks
848:
760:extrajudicial executions
750:Extrajudicial executions
675:
285:National Unity offensive
26:Northern Command attacks
1906:Eritrean Defence Forces
1694:TDF–OLA joint offensive
782:Debretsion Gebremichael
732:
568:Debretsion Gebremichael
280:TDF–OLA joint offensive
168:Debretsion Gebremichael
55:Northern Command HQ in
1773:Interim Administration
1642:Hachalu Hundessa riots
1591:2014–16 Oromo protests
1563:Eritrean–Ethiopian War
630:had started shooting.
143:Commanders and leaders
2313:Hamdayet (Ethiopians)
1901:Tigray Defense Forces
1679:Asmara rocket attacks
1575:Elections in Ethiopia
1318:Ethiopian News Agency
802:In an interview with
174:Casualties and losses
1627:Tripartite Agreement
1400:. Associated Press.
1311:(24 December 2020).
1027:. 27 November 2020.
980:. 10 December 2020.
903:. 17 December 2020.
711:Agence France-Presse
1486:. 19 November 2020.
1398:The Washington Post
1185:. 9 December 2020.
1152:. 4 November 2020.
808:Tsadkan Gebretensae
593:Tsadkan Gebretensae
1472:. 4 November 2020.
1132:. 30 October 2020.
1129:Al Jazeera English
1095:The New York Times
939:. 6 November 2020.
833:Secretary of State
597:Berhe WoldeMichael
275:Tigrayan offensive
185:Thousands captured
2399:
2398:
2372:
2371:
2258:
2257:
2254:
2253:
1998:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1684:Mekelle offensive
1655:
1654:
680:The ENDF base at
599:and Commissioner
507:
506:
503:
502:
192:
191:
126:(claimed by TPLF)
92:
91:
80:Beginning of the
46:3–4 November 2020
2469:
2391:
2390:
2382:
2381:
2062:
2061:
2053:
2052:
2038:Internment camps
2033:Ethnic profiling
2007:
2006:
1956:
1955:
1873:
1871:
1870:
1860:
1858:
1857:
1847:
1846:
1845:
1836:
1834:
1833:
1819:
1815:
1813:
1812:
1801:
1800:
1799:
1786:
1785:
1674:Battle of Humera
1551:Welkait question
1536:
1535:
1518:
1511:
1504:
1495:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1466:
1460:
1459:
1448:
1442:
1441:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1411:
1409:
1389:
1383:
1382:
1371:
1365:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1341:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1305:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1246:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1210:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1175:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1140:
1134:
1133:
1120:
1114:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1086:
1077:
1076:
1070:
1068:
1052:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1015:
994:
993:
991:
989:
968:
941:
940:
923:
917:
916:
914:
912:
893:
872:
861:
828:
826:
825:
607:Attacks on bases
309:
303:
302:
243:Northern Command
228:
218:
211:
204:
195:
194:
166:
165:
164:
154:
153:
135:
134:
133:
122:
120:
119:
110:
108:
107:
40:
39:
23:
22:
2477:
2476:
2472:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2467:
2466:
2457:Battles in 2020
2402:
2401:
2400:
2395:
2368:
2342:
2326:
2299:
2263:Sexual violence
2250:
2219:
2138:
2042:
2021:
1990:
1954:
1937:
1931:
1910:
1879:
1868:
1866:
1855:
1853:
1843:
1841:
1831:
1829:
1810:
1808:
1797:
1795:
1777:
1751:
1713:
1709:Battle of Shire
1689:Operation Alula
1651:
1605:
1568:border conflict
1527:
1522:
1492:
1491:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1450:
1449:
1445:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1407:
1405:
1390:
1386:
1373:
1372:
1368:
1360:
1356:
1343:
1342:
1338:
1328:
1326:
1306:
1302:
1292:
1290:
1280:
1276:
1266:
1264:
1247:
1240:
1230:
1228:
1211:
1202:
1192:
1190:
1177:
1176:
1169:
1159:
1157:
1142:
1141:
1137:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1107:
1105:
1087:
1080:
1066:
1064:
1053:
1044:
1034:
1032:
1017:
1016:
997:
987:
985:
970:
969:
944:
925:
924:
920:
910:
908:
901:Thomson Reuters
895:
894:
885:
880:
875:
862:
855:
851:
823:
821:
819:
769:
767:TPLF statements
752:
735:
719:
694:
678:
614:
609:
576:
560:
554:
510:
509:
508:
499:
310:
307:
301:
270:Operation Alula
229:
224:
222:
183:
181:
162:
160:
148:
131:
129:
117:
115:
105:
103:
67:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2475:
2465:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2397:
2396:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2350:
2348:
2347:Investigations
2344:
2343:
2341:
2340:
2334:
2332:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2308:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2297:
2292:
2291:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2272:
2271:
2270:
2259:
2256:
2255:
2252:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2227:
2225:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2146:
2144:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2095:
2094:
2089:
2079:
2074:
2068:
2066:
2059:
2050:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2040:
2035:
2029:
2027:
2026:Discrimination
2023:
2022:
2020:
2019:
2013:
2011:
2004:
2000:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1962:
1960:
1953:
1952:
1947:
1941:
1939:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1929:
1924:
1918:
1916:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1887:
1885:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1877:
1864:
1851:
1827:
1826:
1825:
1805:
1792:
1790:
1783:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1759:
1757:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1749:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1732:
1727:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1665:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1613:
1611:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1587:
1586:
1572:
1571:
1570:
1560:
1555:
1554:
1553:
1542:
1540:
1533:
1529:
1528:
1521:
1520:
1513:
1506:
1498:
1490:
1489:
1475:
1461:
1456:SudansPost.com
1443:
1419:
1384:
1366:
1354:
1336:
1300:
1288:Foreign Policy
1274:
1238:
1200:
1167:
1135:
1115:
1078:
1042:
995:
942:
918:
882:
881:
879:
876:
874:
873:
852:
850:
847:
818:
815:
768:
765:
751:
748:
734:
731:
718:
715:
693:
690:
677:
674:
613:
610:
608:
605:
601:Yehdego Seyoum
575:
572:
556:Main article:
553:
550:
505:
504:
501:
500:
498:
497:
492:
487:
482:
476:
475:
471:
470:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
410:
405:
400:
394:
393:
389:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
347:
346:
341:
331:
326:
320:
319:
315:
312:
311:
300:
299:
293:
292:
288:
287:
282:
277:
272:
266:
265:
261:
260:
255:
250:
245:
239:
238:
234:
231:
230:
221:
220:
213:
206:
198:
190:
189:
186:
176:
175:
171:
170:
158:
145:
144:
140:
139:
127:
99:
98:
94:
93:
90:
89:
88:
87:
84:
73:
69:
68:
54:
52:
48:
47:
44:
36:
35:
28:
27:
21:
20:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2474:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2394:
2385:
2375:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2345:
2339:
2336:
2335:
2333:
2329:
2324:
2321:
2319:
2316:
2314:
2311:
2309:
2307:
2302:
2296:
2293:
2289:
2288:Negash mosque
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2275:
2273:
2269:
2266:
2265:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2222:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2145:
2141:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2045:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2024:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2008:
2005:
2001:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1951:
1950:Inquiry Board
1948:
1946:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1938:organisations
1934:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1913:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1882:
1876:
1865:
1863:
1852:
1850:
1839:
1828:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1806:
1804:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1784:
1780:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1760:
1758:
1756:Peace process
1754:
1748:
1745:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1716:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1658:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1580:2005 election
1578:
1577:
1576:
1573:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1552:
1549:
1548:
1547:
1544:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1519:
1514:
1512:
1507:
1505:
1500:
1499:
1496:
1485:
1479:
1471:
1465:
1457:
1453:
1447:
1439:
1435:
1434:
1429:
1423:
1416:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1388:
1380:
1376:
1370:
1364:
1358:
1350:
1346:
1340:
1324:
1320:
1319:
1314:
1310:
1304:
1289:
1285:
1278:
1262:
1258:
1257:
1252:
1245:
1243:
1226:
1222:
1221:
1216:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1174:
1172:
1155:
1151:
1150:
1145:
1139:
1131:
1130:
1125:
1119:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1085:
1083:
1075:
1062:
1058:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1002:
1000:
983:
979:
978:
973:
967:
965:
963:
961:
959:
957:
955:
953:
951:
949:
947:
938:
934:
933:
928:
922:
906:
902:
898:
892:
890:
888:
883:
870:
866:
860:
858:
853:
846:
844:
841:
837:
834:
831:
830:United States
814:
811:
809:
805:
804:Dimtsi Weyane
800:
798:
794:
789:
787:
783:
779:
775:
764:
761:
757:
747:
744:
740:
730:
726:
724:
714:
712:
708:
705:
703:
699:
689:
687:
683:
673:
671:
666:
663:
659:
654:
652:
648:
644:
643:Amhara Region
640:
635:
631:
628:
624:
620:
619:
604:
602:
598:
594:
589:
587:
583:
582:
571:
569:
565:
559:
549:
547:
543:
542:Tigray Region
539:
535:
531:
527:
524:and bases in
523:
519:
515:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
477:
473:
472:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
395:
391:
390:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
345:
342:
340:
337:
336:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
321:
317:
316:
313:
304:
298:
295:
294:
290:
289:
286:
283:
281:
278:
276:
273:
271:
268:
267:
263:
262:
259:
256:
254:
251:
249:
246:
244:
241:
240:
236:
235:
232:
227:
219:
214:
212:
207:
205:
200:
199:
196:
187:
184:
178:
177:
172:
169:
159:
157:
152:
147:
146:
141:
138:
128:
125:
114:
113:
101:
100:
95:
85:
83:
79:
78:
77:
76:Inconclusive
74:
71:
70:
66:
62:
61:Tigray Region
58:
53:
50:
49:
45:
42:
41:
37:
34:
29:
24:
19:
2386: /
2170:Kola Tembien
2160:Mahbere Dego
2129:Ziban Gedena
2124:Hagere Selam
2003:Human rights
1936:Human rights
1884:Institutions
1840: /
1668:
1582: /
1478:
1464:
1455:
1446:
1431:
1422:
1413:
1406:. Retrieved
1397:
1387:
1369:
1357:
1348:
1339:
1327:. Retrieved
1316:
1303:
1291:. Retrieved
1287:
1277:
1265:. Retrieved
1256:Daily Nation
1254:
1229:. Retrieved
1220:Daily Nation
1218:
1191:. Retrieved
1182:
1158:. Retrieved
1147:
1138:
1127:
1118:
1106:. Retrieved
1094:
1072:
1065:. Retrieved
1033:. Retrieved
1022:
986:. Retrieved
975:
930:
921:
909:. Retrieved
820:
812:
801:
792:
790:
784:, stated to
770:
758:stated that
753:
736:
727:
720:
709:
706:
695:
688:3 November.
679:
669:
667:
657:
655:
647:Tekezé River
636:
632:
616:
615:
590:
581:Daily Nation
579:
577:
561:
511:
423:Kola Tembien
413:Mahbere Dego
381:Ziban Gedena
376:Hagere Selam
242:
179:
102:
97:Belligerents
75:
31:Part of the
18:
2241:3rd Mekelle
2210:2nd Mekelle
2109:1st Mekelle
1823:Involvement
1408:14 November
1309:Ahmed, Abiy
1293:19 December
1267:13 December
1231:11 December
1108:19 December
1067:14 November
1035:11 December
988:11 December
911:18 December
836:Mike Pompeo
662:Idaga Hamus
490:3rd Mekelle
463:2nd Mekelle
398:Debre Abbay
361:1st Mekelle
2406:Categories
2283:Debre Damo
2087:Zalambessa
2048:War crimes
2010:Casualties
1789:Key actors
1532:Background
1525:Tigray war
1329:20 January
1160:4 November
1059:. Jane's.
878:References
843:Tibor Nagy
756:Abiy Ahmed
595:, Colonel
558:Tigray War
552:Background
546:Tigray War
339:Zalambessa
226:Tigray war
156:Abiy Ahmed
82:Tigray War
33:Tigray War
2304:Refugees/
2246:Adi Daero
2215:Kombolcha
2180:Gira Aras
2165:2nd Wukro
2099:1st Wukro
2072:Mai Kadra
2057:Massacres
1981:Seb Hidri
1959:Non-state
1735:Spillover
1725:Reactions
1103:0362-4331
1024:France 24
869:UTC+03:00
817:Reactions
795:) of the
639:Abiy Addi
495:Adi Daero
468:Kombolcha
433:Gira Aras
418:2nd Wukro
351:1st Wukro
324:Mai Kadra
2384:Category
2195:Galikoma
2092:Dengelat
1915:Militias
1763:Overview
1661:Timeline
1584:violence
1438:Archived
1402:Archived
1379:Archived
1323:Archived
1261:Archived
1225:Archived
1187:Archived
1154:Archived
1149:BBC News
1074:militia.
1061:Archived
1029:Archived
982:Archived
977:BBC News
932:CBC News
905:Archived
793:Sekuture
670:BBC News
658:BBC News
618:BBC News
448:Galikoma
344:Dengelat
112:Ethiopia
65:Ethiopia
51:Location
2393:Commons
2236:Berhale
2231:Dedebit
2104:Hitsats
2082:Adigrat
1817:Eritrea
1610:Prelude
1539:History
937:Reuters
786:Reuters
774:Eritrea
723:Mekelle
717:Mekelle
645:at the
623:Adigrat
612:Adigrat
540:in the
526:Adigrat
522:Mekelle
485:Berhale
480:Dedebit
356:Hitsats
334:Adigrat
308:Attacks
258:Mekelle
124:Eritrea
57:Mekelle
2364:ICHREE
2268:Hawzen
2200:Chenna
2190:Togoga
2155:Debano
2077:Humera
1986:Yikono
1927:UFEFCF
1872:
1862:Amhara
1859:
1838:Tigray
1835:
1814:
1782:Groups
1718:Impact
1193:28 May
1101:
827:
702:Dansha
692:Dansha
651:Soqota
536:, and
534:Dansha
453:Chenna
443:Togoga
408:Debano
329:Humera
253:Asmara
248:Humera
121:
109:
72:Result
2323:Shire
2278:Aksum
2134:Gijet
1966:EHRCO
1740:Sudan
1433:Tghat
849:Notes
700:near
682:Agula
676:Agula
530:Agula
386:Gijet
297:Shire
2331:Food
2306:IDPs
2224:2022
2205:Kobo
2175:Zamr
2150:Bora
2143:2021
2119:Goda
2114:Axum
2065:2020
1976:HRCE
1971:ERCS
1945:EHRC
1922:Fano
1875:Afar
1849:TPLF
1410:2020
1331:2021
1295:2021
1269:2020
1233:2020
1195:2021
1162:2020
1110:2021
1099:ISSN
1069:2020
1037:2020
990:2020
913:2020
838:and
797:TPLF
739:Sero
733:Sero
668:The
586:Adet
538:Sero
474:2022
458:Kobo
428:Zamr
403:Bora
392:2021
371:Goda
366:Axum
318:2020
291:2022
264:2021
237:2020
43:Date
2185:Guh
865:EAT
743:EAT
686:EAT
627:EAT
438:Guh
2408::
1454:.
1436:.
1430:.
1412:.
1396:.
1377:.
1347:.
1321:.
1315:.
1286:.
1259:.
1253:.
1241:^
1223:.
1217:.
1203:^
1181:.
1170:^
1146:.
1126:.
1097:.
1093:.
1081:^
1071:.
1045:^
1021:.
998:^
974:.
945:^
935:.
929:.
899:.
886:^
871:).
856:^
588:.
532:,
528:,
63:,
59:,
1517:e
1510:t
1503:v
1458:.
1351:.
1333:.
1297:.
1271:.
1235:.
1197:.
1164:.
1112:.
1039:.
992:.
915:.
867:(
217:e
210:t
203:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
