Northern England - Knowledge

5982: 5712: 4787: 5073: 1392: 8222: 7004: 7533: 5742: 4461: 8105: 8236: 7744: 6576: 4083: 6169: 1349: 4843: 4253: 6925: 7912: 5528: 6695: 4492: 4430: 5426: 5694: 6318: 5440: 1402: 3229: 1181: 6911: 4476: 6150: 3631: 4289: 7730: 5154: 6865: 3422: 7286: 4507: 6300: 891: 7216: 3661: 4445: 6356: 3748: 6733: 7898: 59: 1044: 3601: 3319: 7933: 3689: 3057: 7225: 6338: 4027: 6376: 5456: 698: 6851: 710: 6558: 2764: 11035: 6596: 5994: 8119: 5470: 7236: 5728: 4365: 3615: 880:(1969) proposed that southern Cheshire be grouped with north Staffordshire as part of a West Midlands province as opposed to a North West England one. Occasionally, "Northern England" may be used to describe England's northernmost reaches only, broadly the North East and Cumbria, excluding the entirety, or at least the majority, of Lancashire and Yorkshire. Some settlements, including Sheffield, located in the far south of what would typically be defined as "the North", have been referred to as being in the " 4977: 6895: 79: 5412: 6881: 7474: 7254: 6715: 3675: 1133: 3971: 3645: 1339: 4673:– in September 2016, 82.2% of workers in the Northern statistical regions were employed in services, compared to 83.7% for the UK as a whole. Manufacturing now employs 9.5%, compared to the national average of 7.6%. The unemployment rate in Northern England is 5.3% compared to an England-wide and UK-wide average of 4.8%, and the North East has the highest unemployment rate in the UK, at 7.0% in December 2016, more than one 4661:, where three times as many places go to southerners as to northerners, and at other Southern universities; while southerners are under-represented at leading Northern universities such as Sheffield, Manchester and Leeds. There are calls for the government to invest in education in disadvantaged parts of Northern England to redress the disparities in educational attainment and university admissions between north and south. 99: 8010: 7996: 7982: 7968: 7954: 7940: 18779: 5604: 912: 898: 940: 954: 926: 4244:. The latter was the largest bomb detonation in Great Britain since the end of the Second World War, and damaged or destroyed much of central Manchester. The attack led to Manchester's ageing infrastructure being rebuilt and modernised, sparking the regeneration of the city and making it a leading example of post-industrial redevelopment followed by other cities in the region and beyond. 4122:. The Great Depression highlighted the weakness of Northern England's specialised economy: as world trade declined, demand for ships, steel, coal and textiles all fell. For the most part, Northern factories were still using nineteenth-century technology, and were not able to keep up with advances in industries such as motors, chemicals and electricals, while the expansion of the 2365:(such as Cheshire and South Yorkshire) are the warmest with average maximum July temperatures of over 21 °C (70 °F): the highest points in the Pennines and Lake District reach only 17 °C (63 °F). The North has a reputation for cloud and fog – with the west's high average rainfall and the east coast experiences a distinctive 4397:

slowly narrowing: between 1991 and 1993 and 2012–2014, life expectancy in the North East increased by 6.0 years and in the North West by 5.8 years, the fastest increases in any region outside London, and the gap between life expectancy in the North East and South East is now 2.5 years, down from 2.9 in 1993.

4264:, Northern England had a population of 15,550,000, in 6,659,700 households. This is an increase from the 14,933,000 (and 6,364,000 households) counted in the 2011 census, and itself a growth of 5.1% from 2001. This means that Northerners comprise 28% of the English population and 24% of the UK population. 5819:, Northern cheeses typically use uncooked milk and a pre-salted curd pressed under enormous weights, resulting in a moist, sharp-tasting cheese. Wensleydale, another crumbly cheese, is unusual in that it is often served as a side to sweet cakes, which are themselves well represented in Northern England. 5080:

The expansion of the railway network in the second half of the nineteenth century meant most in the North lived within reach of the coast, and seaside towns saw a major tourism boom. By around 1870 Blackpool on the Lancashire coast had become overwhelmingly the most popular destination – not just for

4328:

At the 2011 census, the North East and North West had the largest proportion of Christians in England and Wales; 67.5% and 67.3% respectively (the proportion in Yorkshire and the Humber was lower at 59.5%). Yorkshire and the Humber and the North West both had significant populations of Muslims – 6.2%

3047:

With urbanisation, distinctive urban accents have arisen which often differ greatly from the historical accents of the surrounding rural areas and sometimes share features with Southern English accents. Northern English dialects remain an important part of the culture of the region, and the desire of

4768:

is a major employer in Northern England. Between 2000 and 2008, the majority of new jobs created in Northern England were for the government and its suppliers and contractors. All three Northern regions have public sector employment above the national average, and North East has the highest level in

3735:

across much of Yorkshire as well as northern Lancashire and County Durham. The region was gripped by famine and much of Northern England was deserted. Chroniclers at the time reported a hundred thousand deaths – modern estimates place the total somewhere in the tens of thousands, out of a population

1191:

Uniquely for such a large urban belt in Europe, the cities in this region are all as recent as the Industrial Revolution – most of them previously scattered villages. Vast urban areas have emerged along the coasts and rivers, and they run almost contiguously into each other in places. Near the

4267:

Taken overall, 8% of the population of Northern England were born overseas (3% from the European Union including Ireland and 5% from elsewhere), substantially less than the England and Wales average of 13%, and 5% define their nationality as something other than a UK or Irish identity. 90.5% of the

5484:

The individual regions of the North have had their own identities and cultures for centuries, but with industrialisation, mass media and the opening of the North–South divide, a common Northern identity began to develop. This identity was initially a reactionary response to Southern prejudices—the

5121:

in the 1970s was the death of most Northern seaside resorts. Blackpool has maintained a focus on tourism, and remains one of the most visited towns in England, but visitor numbers are far below their peak and the town's economy has suffered – both employment rates and average earnings remain below

3202:

has given rise to new accents and dialects. For instance, the variety of English spoken by Poles in Manchester is distinct both from typical Polish-accented English and from Mancunian. At a local level, the diversity of immigrant communities means that some languages that are extremely rare in the

5514:

runs the home and controls the family's finances. This too has its roots in industrialisation, when mills offered well-paid work for women: during depressions when demand for coal and steel were low, women were often the main breadwinners. Northern women are still stereotyped as strong-willed and

5358:

are the only national papers with more readers in Northern England than in the South East and London. Local newspapers are the top-selling titles in both the North East and Yorkshire and the Humber, although Northern regional newspapers have seen steep declines in readership in recent years. Only

4396:

has the lowest life expectancy at birth in England – male life expectancy at birth between 2012 and 2014 was 74.7, against an England-wide average of 79.5 – and the majority of English districts in the bottom 50 were in the North East or the North West. However, regional differences do seem to be

4065:

proliferated across Northern England, chiefly in Lancashire, but also elsewhere in the North. By 1881 there were 374 Orange organisations in Lancashire, 71 in the North East, and 42 in Yorkshire. From further afield, Northern England saw immigration from European countries such as Germany, Italy,

5185:

was never nationalised, has simultaneously some of the fastest and slowest internet speeds in the country: many households have "ultrafast" fibre optic broadband as standard, but it is also one of only two places in the UK where over 30% of businesses receive less than 10 Mbit/s. Speeds are

4893:

than the UK average, and the North East is the only region of England to regularly export more than it imports. Chemicals, vehicles, machinery and other manufactured goods make up the majority of Northern exports, just over half of which go to EU countries. Major manufacturing plants include car

2364:

behind the Pennines. As a result the coast north of the Humber are the driest parts of the North, the Tees basin has 600 mm (24 in) of rain per year while parts of the Lake District receive over 3,200 mm (130 in). Lowland regions in the more southern parts of Northern England

4169:

with thousands killed and significant damage done. Liverpool, a vital port for supplies from North America, was especially hard hit – the city was the most bombed in the UK outside London and Hull, with around 4,000 deaths across Merseyside and most of the city centre destroyed. Hull, the worst

4818:

The only part of the region that is predominantly given over to crops is the land around the Humber estuary, where the well-drained fens result in excellent quality land. The lowland Cheshire Plain is mostly given over to dairy farming, while in the Pennines and Cheviots grazing sheep play an

6782:) between Lancashire and Yorkshire is one of the hardest fought rivalries in the sport – the pride of both sides, and their determination not to lose, resulted in the teams developing a slow, stubborn and defensive style that proved unpopular elsewhere in the country. The London-based 4268:

population described themselves as white, compared to an England and Wales average of 85.9%; other ethnicities represented include Pakistani (2.9%), Indian (1.3%), Black (1.3%), Chinese (0.6%) and Bangladeshi (0.5%). The broad averages hide significant variation within the region:

976:

Personal definitions of the North vary greatly. When asked to draw a dividing line between North and South, Southerners tend to draw this line further south than Northerners do. From the Southern perspective, Northern England is sometimes defined jokingly as the area north of the

4798:

There are 2,580,000 hectares (6,400,000 acres; 25,800 km; 10,000 sq mi) of farmland in Northern England. The rough Pennine terrain means that most of Northern England is unsuited for growing crops; like Scotland, Northern farming was traditionally dominated by

4066:

Poland, Russia and Scandinavia. Some immigrants were well-to-do industrialists seeking to do business in the booming industrial cities, some were escaping poverty, some were servants or slaves, some were sailors who chose to settle in the port towns, some were Jews fleeing

8059:

Manchester Airport is a major hub and the busiest airport anywhere in the UK outside London, handling 23.3 million people in 2022 (10.5% of all UK passengers), and Newcastle (4.1 million), Liverpool (3.5 million) and Leeds-Bradford (3.3 million) serve their city regions.

11860: 3923:, York, which was founded in 1484 by Richard III. The Council existed intermittently for the next two centuries – its final incarnation was created in the aftermath of the Pilgrimage of Grace and was chiefly an institution for providing order and dispensing justice. 6447:

followed suit. The protest gathered momentum to the point where more than 30 clubs, predominantly from the North, announced that they would set up a rival British Football Association if the FA did not permit professionalism. A schism was avoided in July 1885 when

6467:

followed as the workforces of majority-female factories of Northern England in the First World War entered the 1917–18 Tyne, Wear & Tees Munition Girls Cup – the world's first women's football tournament. However, the FA did not support women's football and

1029:, nor the majority of Yorkshire. Northern England is not a homogeneous unit, and some have entirely rejected the idea that the North exists as a coherent entity, claiming that considerable cultural differences across the area overwhelm any similarities. 12190: 16529: 3282:

in North Yorkshire generally considered the most significant monument of this era. The Star Carr site includes Britain's oldest known house, from around 9000 BC, and the earliest evidence of carpentry in the form of a carved tree trunk from 11000 BC.

5966: 5679:

became more popular, and the influence of Northern bands and football teams helped spread them across the country. In the twenty-first century, some traditional Northern items of clothing have begun to make a comeback – in particular, the flat cap.

4692:

districts in England are all in Northern England, as are ten of the twelve most declining major towns in the UK. The picture is not clear-cut, as the North has areas which are as wealthy as, if not wealthier than, fashionable Southern areas such as

3334:, likely meaning "Highlanders". Whether the Brigantes were a unified group or a looser federation of tribes around the Pennines is debated, but the name appears to have been adopted by the inhabitants of the region, which was known by the Romans as 7801:, but infrastructure is poorly funded compared to Southern railways: railways in London received £5426 per resident in 2015 while those in the North East received just £223 per resident, and journeys between major cities are slow and overcrowded. 5112:

The same social forces that had built these resorts in the nineteenth century proved to be their undoing in the twentieth. Transport links continued to improve and it became possible to travel overseas quickly and affordably. The Belgian coast at

5172:

in the UK outside London, and forms the main hub for the region. Household internet access in Northern England is at or above the UK average, but speeds and broadband penetration vary greatly. In 2013 the average speed in central Manchester was

10160: 8497: 7142:

came from Northern constituencies. After 2013, BNP support in the region collapsed as most voters swung to UKIP. The Northern UKIP vote in turn collapsed following the EU referendum, with most UKIP voters returning to their former allegiances.

5023:– attracted by low labour costs and a preference for Northern English accents among the public – have replaced heavy industry as major employers of unskilled workers, with more than 5% of workers in all Northern England regions working in one. 4106:, the Northern economy began to be eclipsed by the South – in 1913–1914, unemployment in "outer Britain" (the North, plus Scotland and Wales) was 2.6% while the rate in Southern England was more than double that at 5.5%, but in 1937 during the 5317:

promotes itself as "Yorkshire's national paper" and covers some national and international stories, but is primarily focused on news from Yorkshire and the North East. An attempt in 2016 to create a dedicated North-focused national newspaper,

4217:"), had high-profile conflicts with the national government. The increasing awareness of the North–South divide strengthened the distinct Northern English identity, which, despite regeneration in some of the major cities, remains to this day. 3834:

and kept the counties of Cumberland, Westmorland and Northumbria, as well as part of Lancashire. These reverted to English control in 1157, establishing for the most part the modern England–Scotland border. The region also saw violence during

13774: 13888: 15937: 5031:

Together, the N8 research universities have over 190,000 students and contribute more to the Northern economy in terms of GVA than agriculture, car manufacturing or media. Discoveries and inventions at these universities have resulted in

4725:: the median house price in most Northern cities was below £200,000 in 2015 with typical increases of below 10% over the previous five years. However, some areas have seen house prices fall considerably, putting inhabitants at risk of 17407: 6790:, and this was perceived as a snub to their playing style – the anger united Lancashire and Yorkshire against the South and helped cast a shared Northern identity that transcended the Roses rivalry. This divide was illustrated in the 5051:

Recent decades have seen the growth of high-tech companies based around Northern England's major cities. There are eleven high-tech firms worth over $ 1 billion based in the region, and digital industries support around 300,000 jobs.

3243:, Northern England was buried under ice sheets, and little evidence remains of habitation – either because the climate made the area uninhabitable, or because glaciation destroyed most evidence of human activity. The northernmost 12936: 11852: 12508: 12150: 5611:

The North of England is often stereotypically represented through the clothing worn by working-class men and women in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Working men would wear a heavy jacket and trousers held up by

58: 11951: 6818:

Although Yorkshire and Lancashire were traditionally more relaxed about professionalism than other counties, cricket did not see the same regional schisms on the topic that rugby and football did – there were debates over

16594: 12032: 6810:

on the other hand was quoted as saying "I'm real glad a rose won it. Red or white, it doesn't matter." Durham are a recent addition to top-flight cricket, having only achieved first-class status in 1992, but have won the

5963: 3493:. Bernicia covered lands north of the Tees, Deira corresponded roughly to the eastern half of modern-day Yorkshire, Rheged to Cumbria, and Elmet to the western-half of Yorkshire. Bernicia and Deira were first united as 4857:, Grimsby, Hull and Whitby. At its height, Grimsby was the largest fishing port in the world, but the Northern fishing industry suffered greatly from a series of events in the second half of the twentieth century: the 7859:, a distance of 52 miles (84 km), and a gap of only 7 miles (11 km) separated the North-Western network from the West Yorkshire network. Starting in the 1930s, these were largely replaced by motor buses and 6192:, one of the most divisive. As huge numbers of people moved into recently built cities with little cultural heritage, local sports teams offered the population a sense of place and identity that was otherwise absent. 3994:

while the poor agriculture in the uplands meant that labour in the area was cheap. Mining and milling, which had been practised on a small scale in the area for generations, began to grow and centralise. The boom in

13156: 12446: 16385: 7578:

Transport in the North has been shaped by the Pennines, creating strong north–south axes along each coast and an east–west axis across the moorland passes of the southern Pennines. Northern England is a centre of

3941:

was forced to temporarily cede Northumberland and County Durham to the Scots and pay to keep the Scottish armies there. To raise enough funds and ratify the final peace treaty, Charles had to call what became the

14941:"Commission Regulation (EC) No 952/2007 of 9 August 2007 cancelling a registration of a name in the Register of protected designations of origin and protected geographical indications (Newcastle Brown Ale (PGI))" 6047:, combined with the desire of industrial communities to better themselves, led to the founding of civilian bands. These bands provided entertainment at community events and led protest marches during the era of 12186: 558:. Its southern border is often debated, and there has been controversy in defining what geographies or cultures precisely constitute the 'North of England' — if, indeed, it exists as a coherent entity at all. 16521: 16418: 12127: 5981: 16903: 4777:

saw significant cuts to public services, and the reduction in public sector employment resulted in job losses for around 3% of the Northern England workforce with significant impact on the regional economy.

9051: 6618:(RFU), which enforced amateurism, suspended teams who compensated their players for missed work and injury, leading teams from Lancashire, Yorkshire and surrounding areas to split away in 1895 and form the 15429: 12477: 12036: 12668: 8559: 8148:

had opened, linking the rivers Mersey and Trent and making it possible for boats to travel directly from Liverpool to Hull. Manchester, 40 miles (64 km) inland, was connected to the Irish Sea by the

18676: 15320: 12770: 12283: 17599: 4303:

well or very well. The 5% of the population who have another native language are chiefly speakers of European or South Asian languages. At the 2011 census, the largest languages apart from English were

17328: 9106: 5965: 5785: 14330: 857:(in essence the northern half of the county) is considered by many to be northern, or at least a larger part of Lincolnshire than merely the north and northeast Lincolnshire districts. The geographer 13785: 13036: 7487:, Newcastle, and York in the wake of the Norman Conquest but suffered massacres and pogroms, of which the largest was the York Massacre in 1190. Jews were forcibly banished from England by the 1290 6195:

Many early Northern sports players were working class and needed to miss work to play, with their teams compensating them for lost wages. By contrast, Southern teams, drawing from the traditions of

13880: 11801: 4831:) until 10 December every year. The number of grouse moors in Northern England is a major threat to natural predators, which are often killed by gamekeepers to protect grouse, and as a result, the 15929: 5186:

especially poor in the rural parts of the North, with many small towns and villages completely without high speed access. Some areas have therefore formed their own community enterprises, such as

16560: 11826: 5776:

remain stereotypical Northern English foods in the national imagination. As a result, there is a concerted effort among Northern chefs to improve the region's image. Some Northern dishes such as

4003:

making it easier to wash and work fibres, although the success of Northern fabric mills has no single clear source. Readily available coal and the discovery of large iron deposits in Cumbria and

12637: 10336: 797:, as villages and hamlets there such as Tintwistle, Crowden and Woodhead were formerly in Cheshire before local government boundary changes in 1974, due to their close proximity to the city of 7851:, and by the turn of the century, most Northern towns had an extensive interconnected electric tram network. At the network's height, it was possible to travel entirely by tram from Liverpool 17554: 17415: 9548: 3875:– now the northernmost town in England – changed hands more than a dozen times. The wars also saw thousands of Scots settle south of the border, chiefly in the border counties and Yorkshire. 7100:, all three Northern England regions voted to leave, as did all English regions outside London. The largest Northern Remain vote was 60.4% in Manchester; the largest Leave vote was 69.9% in 18257: 9196: 3114:(1930) portray these largely untouched landscapes as worlds of adventure and transformation where their protagonists can break free of the restrictions of society. Modern poets such as the 15289: 14980: 12088: 4412:. By June 2020, the infection rate in Northern England was nearly double that in London, and a study by the Northern Health Science Alliance found that of the six worst affected areas in 2800:, middle areas that have a crossover between varieties spoken, around the North. Traditional dialectal areas are defined by their historic county or combined historic counties; including 2341:

is similar to the UK average and it sees substantially less rainfall than Scotland or Wales. It is cooler, wetter and cloudier than England as a whole, containing both England's coldest (

14567: 12850: 9940: 8831: 16023: 12500: 12252: 11364: 11225: 8870: 4320:: a similar distribution to that in the whole of England. Redcar and Cleveland has the largest proportion of the population speaking English as a first language in England, with 99.3%. 14094: 13845: 6649:

Rugby union was not entirely driven from Northern England, and in the 1970s the region was home to several strong teams. The high-water mark of rugby union in Northern England was the

4736:

in the United States. To stimulate the Northern economy, the government has organised a series of programmes to invest in and develop the region, of which the latest as of 2017 is the

13449: 10016: 9251: 5655:, which were hardwearing and had replaceable soles and tips. Factory workers tapping their feet in time with the click of machinery developed a type of folk clog dance referred to as 4718: 17520: 14918: 14158: 11746: 3524:, but the northern part of the old Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Northumbria remained under Anglo-Saxon control. Under the Vikings, monasteries were largely wiped out, and the discovery of 829:

of Nottinghamshire, although for all other purposes these districts still remain in their respective East Midlands counties. Some parts of northern Derbyshire (including High Peak),

18082: 14268: 12731: 9072: 8950: 7104:. In total, the Leave vote in the Northern England regions was 55.9% – higher than in the Southern England regions and the other Home Nations, but lower than in the Midlands or the 4681:(GVA) of the Northern English economy was £316 billion, and if it were an independent nation, it would be the tenth largest economy in Europe. The region does have poor growth and 16586: 11943: 11459: 6650: 4653:

There is a significant attainment gap between Northern and Southern schools, and pupils in the three regions are less likely than the national average to achieve five higher-tier

3044:("wor cars"). Possessive pronouns are also used to mark the names of relatives in speech (for example, a relative called Joan would be referred to as "our Joan" in conversation). 4276:

had a greater percentage of the population identifying as White British (97.6% each) than any other district in England and Wales, while Manchester (66.5%), Bradford (67.4%) and

18705: 16784: 14005: 12562: 4329:

and 5.1% respectively – while Muslims in the North East made up only 1.8% of the population. All other faiths combined comprised less than 2% of the population in all regions.

17698: 17461: 17156: 14504: 16243:

Williams, Jack (13 September 2013). "'The Really Good Professional Captain Has Never Been Seen!': Perceptions of the Amateur/Professional Divide in County Cricket, 1900–39".

12539: 11395: 15263: 8986: 14392: 7583:

and handles around one third of all British cargo. Both passenger and freight links between Northern cities remain poor, which is a major weakness of the Northern economy.

5551:

and slums were common. The phrase is often used by those who are not from the north of England, who paint the north as being different to the south of England. The current

15618: 13148: 12438: 9861: 8546: 16378: 15737: 15154: 12157: 11043: 9517: 7521:

flourished in Northern England in the nineteenth century, in part as a backlash to the fundamentalist Primitive Methodist movement and in part driven by the influence of

6657:. In the 21st century the region's club sides have become less popular, with association football, cricket and rugby league attracting more spectators and talent. In the 3010:

survive in some Northern English dialects, although these are dying out outside very rural areas, and many dialects have an informal second-person plural pronoun: either

15570: 14828: 8203:

along the west coast, while east coast ports connect to Belgium and the Netherlands, although Northern ports handle only a small percentage of the UK's vehicle traffic.

14293: 13275: 13220: 5506:

and warmheartedness, as compared to the supposedly effete Southerners. Northern England—especially Lancashire, but also Yorkshire and the North East—has a tradition of

19075: 12943: 5964: 16650: 16410: 12119: 7932: 4657:, although this may be down to economic disadvantages faced by Northern pupils rather than a difference in school quality. Northern students are under-represented at 4170:

bombed city outside of London suffered damage to 98% of all buildings, the highest percentage of any town or city. The rebuilding that followed, and the simultaneous

17838: 16892: 13964: 12968: 10979: 9563: 3365:

over to the Empire in 51. Power struggles within the Brigantes made the Romans wary, and they were conquered in a war beginning in the 70s under the governorship of

2892:), are now prevalent only in the more northern parts of the region. As speech has changed, there is little consensus on what defines a "Northern" accent or dialect. 10281: 585:

in the second half of the 20th century damaged the North, leading to greater deprivation than in the South. Although urban renewal projects and the transition to a

18039: 13300: 11686: 7097: 3121:

and Simon Armitage have found inspiration in the Northern countryside, producing works that take advantage of the sounds and rhythms of Northern English dialects.

17191: 15421: 12469: 8063:

Other airports in the North have struggled. Teesside and Humberside both see very little traffic while other airports have closed to commercial flights entirely:

7743: 7187:

was founded in October 2020, a secessionist and democratic socialist political party that seeks to make Northern England an independent nation, under the name of

4811:. Only 32% of Northern farmland is primarily used for growing crops, compared to 49% for England as a whole. Conversely, 57% of the land is given over to rearing 19080: 12762: 12660: 7139: 4111: 4074:. At the same time, hundreds of thousands from depressed rural areas of the North emigrated, chiefly to the US, Canada, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. 18685: 15312: 14678: 12275: 9098: 8104: 6439:. Upton Park protested that Preston had broken FA rules by paying their players. In response, Preston withdrew from the competition and fellow Lancashire clubs 3740:

was compiled in 1086, much of Northern England was still recorded as wasteland, although this may have been in part because the chroniclers, more interested in

17592: 5874:

which accentuates the nutty, malty flavours preferred in Northern beers. On the non-alcoholic side, the North – in particular, Lancashire – was the hub of the

4070:

on the continent, and some were migrants originally stranded at Liverpool after attempting to catch an onwards ship to the United States or to colonies of the

3915:

as prominent Catholic families in Cumbria, Lancashire and Yorkshire refused to convert to Protestantism. Royal power over the region was exercised through the

17320: 10231: 10164: 4526:, founded in 1832. The next universities built in the North were part of the wave of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with Durham being joined by five 14940: 14322: 13470:

Wilson, J. F., Webster, A. and Vorberg-Rugh, R. (2013) "Building Co-operation: A business history of The Co-operative Group", Oxford University Press, Oxford

5257:

from closure. The region also has a reputation for drama serials and has produced some the most successful and acclaimed series of recent decades, including

3409:. Although the Romans invaded modern-day Northumberland and part of Scotland beyond it, they never succeeded in conquering the reaches of Britain beyond the 4340:, and other surveys of religion tend to find very different results. The 2015 British Election Survey found 52% of Northerners identified as Christian (22% 18397: 13028: 3996: 16306: 12614: 8221: 1391: 876:, which excludes Cheshire and northern Lincolnshire, though the latter formed the Kingdom of Lindsey, which was periodically under Northumbrian rule. The 16552: 12629: 7723:

in the 1980s and 1990s. Increasing car ownership in the same era caused bus use to decline, although it remains higher than in most areas of the South.

9616:

Hijmans, R.J.; Cameron, S.E.; Parra, J.L.; Jones, P.G.; Jarvis, A. (2005). "Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas".

8235: 7711:

are an important part of the Northern transport mix, with bus ridership above the England and Wales average in all three Northern regions. Many of the

2847:

Linguists have attempted to define a Northern dialect area, some correspond the area north of a line that begins at the Humber estuary and runs up the

2360:

bringing moisture from the Atlantic; this means that the west coast frequently receives strong winds and heavy rainfall while the east coast lies in a

11582: 11194: 10328: 7326:

has been the largest religion in the region since the Early Middle Ages; its existence in Britain dates back to the late Roman era and the arrival of

6460:(FA) by establishing headquarters in Preston – the League retained a Northern identity even after it accepted several Southern teams into its ranks. 3048:

speakers to assert their local identity has led to accents such as Scouse and Geordie becoming more distinctive and spreading into surrounding areas.

2373:

in urban areas was prevalent from the beginning of the Industrial Revolution; sunshine duration has increased in urban areas in recent years with the

565:

innovations began in Northern England, and its cities were the crucibles of many of the political changes that accompanied this social upheaval, from

15849: 12337: 11421: 9008: 5311:) moved to London in 1964, no major national paper is based in the North, and Northern news stories tend to be poorly covered in the national press. 3803:

immigration followed the conquest, which likely populated much of the desolated regions of Cumbria, and which was persistent enough that the town of

3080:

The contrasting geography of Northern England is reflected in its literature. On the one hand, the wild moors and lakes have inspired generations of

18279: 17546: 15961: 13919: 12995: 9592: 5907:

is an integral part of Northern identity, using the number of people per Greggs as an indicator as to whether a town should be considered Northern.

18662: 16814: 16107: 13064: 12006: 7381:

increased its numbers further, especially in North West cities like Liverpool and Manchester. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the area underwent a

7180:, which campaigned for a devolved Northern government with the power to make laws and full control of taxation and spending, was wound up in 2016. 4985: 2930:, although some Lancashire and Northumberland accents remain rhotic. Other features common to many Northern English accents are the absence of the 967: 18247: 16754: 15976: 12904: 11655: 9188: 7808:

has devolved many of its powers to Rail North, an alliance of local authorities from the Scottish Borders down to Staffordshire which manages the

6469: 17006: 15285: 15068: 14976: 12096: 12066: 7615: 6188:

Sport has been both one of the most unifying cultural forces in Northern England and, thanks to local rivalries such as the Lancashire–Yorkshire

6125:. The press frequently frames music stories and reviews in terms of cultural and class differences between North and South, notably in the 1960s 5547:, industrial mills, weather and the way of life in the north of England during the Victorian and post World War I eras, when mills, coal mining, 4368:

Life expectancy at birth for boys in 2012–2014 by local authority district in England and Wales. Lighter colours indicate longer life expectancy.

17624: 15652: 14558: 14032: 13571: 12842: 9986: 9932: 9540: 8094:

in Scotland allows Scottish airports to offer cheaper flights than their English rivals as well as London airports turning Northern airports to

7828:(HS2) line would have connected Manchester and Leeds to Birmingham and London, but cuts to HS2 saw all Northern branches of the line cancelled. 4126:

removed the North's advantages in terms of power generation and meant it was now more economic to build new factories in the Midlands or South.

16012: 12243: 11356: 8839: 6473: 5044:

and the Sir Henry Royce Institute for Advanced Materials, while robotics research at the University of Sheffield led to the development of the

4927: 4722: 13841: 13344: 11217: 11073: 8862: 7911: 5942:

in all major towns. Bradford has won the Federation of Specialist Restaurant's "Curry Capital" title six years in a row as of 2016, while the

5648:, a woollen plaid woven in a pattern of small black and white checks, was also popular in Northern England until the early twentieth century. 5559:, has quoted the north as being grim, but not a bad thing. The phrase was quoted in 1991 when the band The Justified Ancients of Mu Mu a.k.a. 14086: 12881: 11164: 10012: 8183:(counted as a single port for statistical purposes) are the busiest in the UK in terms of tonnage, serving 59.1 million tons as of 2015, and 7603: 7162: 6957: 4770: 4714: 3715:

near York marked the beginning of the end of Viking rule in England, and the almost immediate defeat of Godwinson at the hands of the Norman

1737:) despite Leeds being the largest as a sole city. The table below shows the urban areas in the region with a population of at least 250,000. 18157: 15771: 13498: 13441: 13367: 11779: 9243: 3954:

period. By the time war broke out in 1642, King Charles had moved his court to York, and Northern England was to become a major base of the

2260:, is widespread in the Pennines, and the variety of other rock types is reflected in the architecture of the region, such as the bright red 1062:

range sometimes referred to as "the backbone of England" run through most of the area defined as northern England, which stretches from the

738:, often supplemented by Cheshire. The boundary is sometimes drawn without reference to human borders, using geographic features such as the 18308: 18074: 17512: 15227: 14910: 14259: 14150: 13253: 11738: 10726: 4744:. Between 2007 and 2013, EU funds created around 70,000 jobs in the region, and the majority of Northern Powerhouse funding comes from the 3759:

Following Norman subjugation, monasteries returned to the North as missionaries sought to "settle the desert". Monastic orders such as the

590: 12739: 10244:

The dates given in the source are 28,000 14C years ago for the Gravettian and 12,500 to 12,200 14C years ago for the Magdalenian. The 14C

9750: 9303: 8942: 4299:

95% of the Northern population speak English as a first language – compared to an England and Wales average of 92% – and another 4% speak

16837: 15509: 14858: 13941: 9717: 9695: 7824:

from Liverpool to Hull and Newcastle is planned to increase capacity on important Northern routes and decrease travel times. The planned

7607: 5191: 1141: 890: 703:

Northern England (red) as defined along historic county boundaries against the rest of England. Cheshire (purple) is also often included.

17985: 13594: 13189: 12366: 10785: 8547:

https://britishcountyflags.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/the-problem-of-e2809ccounty-confusione2809d-e28093-and-how-to-resolve-it-1.pdf

7642:

in the UK, and today an extensive network connects the major cities of the North. The major north-south motorway routes are the western

3302:– one of the best-preserved finds of the era – were discovered near Hull in 1937. In the more mountainous regions of the Peak District, 19346: 17816: 15540: 13399: 7749: 4957: 4786: 17359: 14881: 11134: 7614:) are located in the North. These coordinate bus services, local trains and light rail in their regions. Following the passage of the 5756:

Impressions of Northern English cuisine are still shaped by the working-class diet of the early twentieth century, which was heavy on

4376:

statistics. All three Northern England statistical regions have lower than average life expectancies and higher than average rates of

2816:(Yorkshire). During the Industrial Revolution urban areas gained some or further distinction from traditional dialects; such as areas 17694: 17260: 16776: 16690: 13997: 11451: 9136: 7396:

As of 2016, the list of places of worship registered for marriage for Northern England included at least 1,960 that are Methodist or

7386: 6831:

games were among the most popular and competitive in the sport, running annually from 1849 until 1900 and intermittently thereafter.

6642:(the highest level of rugby league in the Northern Hemisphere) are from Northern England, with one team from France, and the 14-team 4807:

in poor soil. Today, the mix of cereals and vegetables grown is similar to that of the UK as a whole, but only a minority of land is

1726: 18714: 17453: 17148: 17054: 14496: 13818: 12569: 7797:. Passenger numbers on Northern routes increased over 50% between 2004 and 2016, and Northern England handles over half of total UK 1348: 18811: 17283: 16863: 15253: 14641: 12531: 11387: 9485: 8978: 7897: 5485:

North of the nineteenth century was largely depicted as a dirty, wild and uncultured place, even in sympathetic depictions such as

802: 577:. Centuries of immigration, invasion, and labour have shaped Northern England's culture, and it has retained countless distinctive 18105: 15686: 6806:, while the match with Middlesex was so vicious that the team threatened to never play in Yorkshire again. The Lancashire captain 6263: 5711: 16440: 14205: 14063: 8535:

Sources relating to the historic counties of Cheshire, Cumberland, Durham, Lancashire, Northumberland, Westmorland and Yorkshire.

7263: 7077:, many traditionally Labour constituencies in Northern England swung heavily towards the Conservatives, and the collapse of the " 6449: 6403: 5145:

within the UK, with 28.7 million visitors in 2015, but only 8% of international tourists to the United Kingdom visit the region.

4214: 3180:

There are no recognised minority languages in Northern England, although the Northumbrian Language Society campaigns to have the

2240:

is found in thick, plentiful layers across the Pennines and Scottish Borders, and there are many large coalfields, including the

18360: 18319: 16723: 15611: 15145: 11017: 10627: 10190: 9851: 9539:

Stone, P.; Millward, D.; Young, B.; Merritt, J. W.; Clarke, S. M.; McCormac, M.; Lawrence, D. J. D. (2010).

8498:"2011 Census: Population Estimates by five-year age bands, and Household Estimates, for Local Authorities in the United Kingdom" 7875:– popular as a tourist attraction as much as a means of transport – was left as the only public tram system in the UK until the 7081:" of Northern Labour seats was a major factor in the Conservative victory. Historically the region was also a heartland for the 18859: 15745: 9508: 8737: 8212: 8023: 6406:, but the two codes were merged in 1877. Many of the innovations of Sheffield Rules are now part of the global game, including 5138: 4877:

put strict quotas on catches to protect the almost depleted stocks. Grimsby is now transitioning to the processing of imported

4110:

the outer British unemployment rate was 16.1% and the Southern rate was less than half that at 7.1%. The weakening economy and

4107: 4058: 1725:, the list of largest towns and cities may be misleading. For example while Manchester is ranked fourth as a city, the greater 18334: 15566: 14818: 14534: 11255: 8462:

Newcastle Brown Ale formerly had protected status – this was cancelled in 2007 to allow the brewery to move outside Newcastle.

7439:. The unusual situation of having two archbishops at the top of Church hierarchy suggests that Northern England was seen as a 5219:

As part of a drive to reduce media centralisation in London, the BBC and ITV have moved much of their programme production to

4460: 4197:

Deindustrialisation continued and unemployment gradually increased during the 1970s, but accelerated during the government of

3148:

of post-war literature were Northern, and working-class life in the face of deindustrialisation is depicted in novels such as

2788:

The English spoken today in the North has been shaped by the area's history, and some dialects retain features inherited from

19234: 18760: 18651: 18630: 18609: 18588: 18564: 18543: 18522: 18501: 18478: 18457: 18436: 18232: 18207: 17928: 17779: 17754: 17729: 17665: 17390: 17132: 17107: 17082: 17037: 16954: 16673: 16625: 16502: 16477: 16362: 16337: 16281: 16252: 16201: 16168: 15884: 15833: 15805: 15485: 15460: 15211: 15127: 15103: 15011: 14801: 14767: 14739: 14479: 14442: 14181: 13734: 13674: 13649: 13624: 13212: 12702: 11723: 11625: 11558: 11533: 11493: 11339: 11314: 11289: 10954: 10929: 10823: 10757: 10702: 10662: 10611: 10586: 10561: 10533: 10508: 10434: 10397: 10312: 10127: 10072: 10047: 9820: 9783: 9476: 9445: 9417: 9227: 8901: 8802: 8721: 8677: 8153:

in 1894, although the canal never saw the success that was hoped for. The North retains many navigable canals, including the

7567: 6820: 5072: 3532:

rites replaced Christian ones for a time. Viking control of certain areas, particularly around Yorkshire, is recalled in the

224: 14235: 12800: 11981: 11920: 11890: 9273: 9076: 7729: 7532: 18375: 17438: 16642: 10971: 7454: 7450: 7116: 7074: 7008: 5784:

have spread across the UK, and only their names now hint at their origin. Among the Northern delicacies that have achieved

4171: 3509:

and aided by Irish monks. The north-west of England retains vestiges of a Celtic culture, and had its own Celtic language,

2176: 578: 18035: 18013: 17842: 13971: 6051:. Although the style has since spread across much of Great Britain, brass bands remain a stereotype of the North, and the 5125:

The wild landscapes of the North are a major draw for tourists, and many urban areas are looking for regeneration through

2349:). These averages disguise considerable variation across the region, due chiefly to the upland regions and adjacent seas. 13703: 13099: 10273: 8095: 7492: 7115:(UKIP) positioned themselves as the main challenger to Labour in Northern constituencies, and came second in many at the 7054: 3888: 3115: 2241: 1401: 17890: 17484: 13311: 12400: 11678: 6939:

Northern England, as the first area in the world to industrialise, was the birthplace of much modern political thought.

5117:

became popular with Northern working-class tourists in the first half of the twentieth century, and the introduction of

872:

Conversely, more restrictive definitions of Northern England also exist. Some are based on the extent of the historical

19452: 17187: 15712: 13529: 11009: 10366: 8269: 7809: 6126: 4745: 4741: 4631: 4202: 4115: 4087: 4034: 2772: 2184: 16976: 14669: 10894: 10096: 7526: 5993: 4174:

that saw whole neighbourhoods demolished and rebuilt, transformed the faces of Northern cities. Immigration from the "

3338:. Other tribes mentioned in ancient histories, which may have been part of the Brigantes or separate nations, are the 19469: 19188: 18930: 18783: 15909: 14706: 9018: 8118: 7903: 7720: 7496: 7135: 6039:

tradition began in Northern England at around the same time: the dismissal of the Cheshire, Lancashire and Yorkshire

4949: 4221: 3979: 520: 12216: 6028:. These disappeared in the early nineteenth century from the industrialising south of the region, but remain in the 5081:

Northern families, but many from the Midlands and Scotland as well. Other resorts popular with Northerners included

4717:

is one of the wealthiest constituencies in the country, and is the richest outside London and the South East, while

4252: 19545: 14951: 14127: 10227: 7782: 7655: 7595: 7378: 7259: 7147: 6048: 5946:

in Manchester formerly had the largest concentration of curry restaurants in the UK and now offers a wide range of

5461: 5141:

in England outside London, 14 are located in the North. In 2015, Northern England received around a quarter of all

4627: 4571: 1778: 1730: 794: 609:

For government and statistical purposes, Northern England is defined as the area covered by the three northernmost

15398: 15035: 8032:

In total, there are six international airports in the North; these are (in descending order of passenger traffic)

5664:

In the second half of the twentieth century, these traditional clothes fell out of fashion. Other styles such as "

3851:, although the modern-day conception of the war as a conflict between Lancashire and Yorkshire is anachronistic – 993:. Various cities and towns have been described as or promoted themselves as the "gateway to the North", including 19070: 18854: 18131: 15950:

Since this article, which quotes 116 league titles, there have been nine more titles, six won by a Northern team.

15342:

Gregory, D. (2006). ""The Songs of the People for Me": The Victorian Rediscovery of Lancashire Vernacular Song".

14393:"Theorising northernness and northern culture: the north of England, northern Englishness, and sympathetic magic" 8124: 8037: 7840: 7774: 7397: 6575: 6464: 5793: 5491: 5165: 2911: 16928:

The English Recusants: A Study of the Post-Reformation Catholic Survival and the Operation of the Recusancy Laws

7053:– although the Conservatives hold some rural seats, they traditionally held almost no urban seats and as of the 7041:

membership in Northern England remained higher than in Southern England, although it is lower than in the other

6924: 4186:, starting in the 1950s reshaped Northern England once more, and there are now significant populations from the 19435: 18920: 16298: 15313:"'The Curry Mile stood still when the rest of the world kept moving' – can it be returned to its former glory?" 12606: 9386: 8068: 6763: 6720: 6535: 6527: 6196: 6008:

in Northern England is a combination of styles of England and Scotland – what is now called the Anglo-Scottish

5354: 4756:, combined with potential reductions in exports to the EU, has been identified as a threat to Northern growth. 3768: 3081: 1276: 842: 626: 8098:, forcing connecting passengers to travel via London or continental European airports for major destinations. 6519:

have had more inconsistent runs in recent years, regularly being promoted and relegated from the top flight.

19616: 18884: 17865: 9742: 8110: 8041: 7587: 7049:

struggled to gain support in the area. Today, Northern England is generally described as a stronghold of the

6795: 6767: 6658: 4903: 4123: 2334: 2324: 1844: 17: 8191:

are also among the country's largest – in total, 35% of British freight was shipped through Northern ports.

7358:, a monk of Lindisfarne, was venerated from Nottinghamshire to Cumberland, and is today sometimes named the 6012:

was once prevalent as far south as Lancashire. In the Middle Ages, much of Northern folk was accompanied by

4769:

England with 20.2% of the workforce in the public sector as of 2016 – down from 23.4% a decade earlier. The

3128:. Elizabeth Gaskell was the first in a lineage of female realist writers from the North that later included 1005:. For some in the northernmost reaches of England, the North starts somewhere in North Yorkshire around the 19476: 19390: 18879: 18804: 15853: 11574: 11186: 7917: 7868: 6207:

and the Southern-dominated governing bodies forbade payments to players. This tension shaped the sports of

4491: 4429: 4413: 4356:, and 2% other Christian denominations), 40% as non-religious, 5% as Muslim, 1% as Hindu and 1% as Jewish. 4333: 4300: 3466: 3073: 1820: 1734: 1149: 869:

in his definition of the North, claiming that "ideas of a midlands region add more confusion than light".

723: 437: 17960: 13911: 11425: 2841: 19626: 19535: 19490: 19351: 18869: 18864: 18844: 17321:"Inside the historic Manchester synagogue to be demolished in Gary Neville's luxury hotel and shops plan" 8072: 7785:, the first modern main line. Today the region retains many of its original railway lines, including the 7504: 7500: 7184: 7158: 7078: 6724: 6694: 6643: 5552: 5045: 5041: 4899: 4698: 4639: 4481: 4054: 3723:

was in turn the overthrow of the Anglo-Saxon order. The Northumbrian and Danish aristocracy resisted the

3502: 3406: 1808: 1101:

carved deep, craggy valleys in the central uplands, and, when they melted, deposited large quantities of

16806: 15117: 13072: 9357: 9335: 6910: 6483:, of the 125 top-flight league titles since 1888, 85 (68%) have been won by teams based north of Crewe. 6317: 6168: 5439: 3767:

in North Yorkshire became the largest and richest of the Northern abbeys, and would remain so until the

19530: 19498: 19361: 19301: 19183: 19178: 17002: 16746: 15058: 11647: 8169: 7847:). Trams turned out to be especially well suited for Northern cities, with their growing working-class 7551: 6799: 6759: 6480: 6476:

between neighbouring teams mean that there is less of a North–South rivalry than in some other sports.

6309: 6251: 6247: 5854:

While a variety of beers are popular across Northern England, the region is especially associated with

4815:, and 33% of England's cattle, 43% of its pigs and 46% of its sheep and lambs are reared in the North. 4706: 4689: 4607: 4466: 4261: 4050: 4049:, and many settled in the industrial cities of the North, especially Manchester and Liverpool – at the 3927: 3398: 3366: 3335: 3162: 2273: 1856: 1852: 755: 516: 12058: 10013:"London? Scotland? No, it's the North that has given the most to art, literature, language and comedy" 5249:

in Liverpool but set in Chester) and these are important to the local TV industry – the commitment to

19611: 19606: 19341: 19193: 17631: 17451:

The exact count is 591, but Naqshbandi estimates that around 20% of mosques in his list are defunct.

14028: 13563: 12843:"Mapped: Where in the UK receives most EU funding and how does this compare with the rest of Europe?" 12823: 11827:"Population and household estimates, England and Wales: Census 2021 – Office for National Statistics" 10458: 9978: 8426:

UK and Irish identities include British, Cornish, English, Irish, Northern Irish, Scottish and Welsh.

8241: 8227: 8204: 7245: 7134:

and other riots in Northern towns. In 2006, 40% of BNP voters lived in Northern England and both BNP

6916: 5971: 5863: 5527: 5329: 5283: 4842: 4635: 4623: 4082: 3712: 3354: 2249: 2136: 2132: 1878: 1824: 1169: 1022: 122: 17230: 13336: 6522:

Northern England is also the birthplace of the largest proportion the country's top players – as of

5206:

almost universal in cities but unavailable in large parts of Yorkshire, the North East and Cumbria.

3124:

Meanwhile, the industrialising and urbanising cities of the North gave rise to many masterpieces of

1043: 19430: 19336: 19306: 19251: 19203: 16269: 16099: 11065: 9611: 7821: 7663: 7525:

socialism. There remain 220 Spiritualist churches registered in the North, of which 40 identify as

7436: 6864: 6791: 6130: 5867: 5503: 5348:

in the North West. In general national readership in the North drags behind that of the South; the

5324: 5277: 5265: 5259: 5094: 4749: 4643: 4615: 4543: 4506: 4475: 4450: 4201:, who chose not to encourage growth in the North if it risked growth in the South. The era saw the 3630: 3556: 3093: 2793: 2783: 2276:

sandstone. These sandstones also mean that apart from the east coast, most of Northern England has

2118: 1836: 1816: 1591: 1208:) to create multiple urban areas. Inland needs of trade and industry produced an almost continuous 1152:– are located partly or entirely in the North. The Lake District includes England's highest peak, 642: 622: 551: 512: 244: 189: 18166: 13489: 13376: 12873: 11770: 11156: 8453:

Rochdale, Burnley, Bolton, Blackburn, Hull, Grimsby, Middlesbrough, Bradford, Blackpool and Wigan.

4721:, just on the other side of the city, is one of the most deprived. Housing in Northern England is 3950:. In 1641, the Long Parliament abolished the Council of the North for perceived abuses during the 19442: 19316: 18915: 18797: 15767: 15095: 8259: 8175:

Many Northern coastal towns were built on trade, and retain large sea ports. The Humber ports of

7805: 7659: 7619: 7518: 7462: 7276: 7101: 7062: 7046: 6870: 6783: 6547: 6453: 6255: 6243: 6091: 6025: 5361: 5187: 5169: 4911: 4895: 4874: 4866: 4732:

The decline of coal mining and manufacturing in Northern England has led to comparisons with the

4647: 4567: 4551: 4539: 4241: 4237: 4233: 3947: 3823: 3150: 2771:

across England. All of Northern England, as well as part of the Midlands, is included inside the

1936: 1908: 1168:

areas in Europe, and to combat this the government plans to plant over 50 million trees in a new

806: 682: 18304: 18199: 18193: 13245: 11715: 11709: 10718: 9468: 9462: 7495:

in the seventeenth century, and the first synagogue in the North appeared in Liverpool in 1753.

6299: 3092:

are perhaps the most famous examples of writing inspired by these elemental forces. Classics of

19459: 19371: 19241: 19106: 19101: 17489: 14850: 14731: 14725: 8767: 8331:

on the northern edge of London, which is used to define the North only in London-centric jokes.

8145: 8045: 7671: 7477: 7401: 7166: 7127: 7086: 7070: 7066: 7058: 6967: 6492: 6432: 6424: 5951: 5532: 4832: 4824: 4591: 4512: 4042: 3959: 3904: 3836: 3831: 3181: 2809: 2280:, and this has influenced not just industry, but even the blends of tea enjoyed in the region. 1964: 1932: 1252: 862: 754:

is occasionally included in broad geographical definitions of "the North" (for example, by the

15501: 14323:"Regional daily ABCs: North and Midlands titles hit hardest as print sales in overall decline" 13933: 11853:"Detailed country of birth and nationality analysis from the 2011 Census of England and Wales" 9709: 9687: 9189:"An economic history of the north of England. Part 1: Medieval failure and the "urban desert"" 7511:

in the United Kingdom outside London. Traditionally, there is also a large Jewish presence in

5741: 4444: 19508: 19503: 19447: 19256: 18252: 15228:"We've figured out exactly where the North is by plotting every single Greggs store on a map" 13724: 13182: 11021: 10777: 8150: 8141: 7712: 7677:

Older streets in the north are called gates with a number of terms for small streets such as

7536: 7484: 7458: 7446: 7347: 7343: 7112: 7034: 6972: 6775: 6619: 6512: 6504: 6052: 5931: 5883: 5592: 5333: 5289: 4853:

Sea fishing is an important industry for Northern coastal towns. Major fishing ports include

4619: 4599: 4595: 4575: 4555: 4497: 4277: 4210: 3987: 3855:

recruited from across Northern England, including Yorkshire, even requiring mercenaries from

3728: 3716: 3688: 3660: 3168: 2068: 1256: 1244: 877: 850: 822: 810: 790: 570: 562: 543: 219: 17351: 15532: 13403: 7003: 6355: 3330:

Roman histories name the Celtic tribe that occupied the majority of Northern England as the

3228: 1275:. At the 2011 census, 86% of the Northern population lived in urban areas as defined by the 1180: 19621: 19464: 19418: 19321: 19246: 19173: 19156: 19132: 16189: 16074: 13003: 11126: 10860: 9659: 9625: 8402: 8172:, which carries over 2 million tons of oil, sand and gravel per year, is a rare exception. 7888: 7876: 7813: 7790: 7786: 7623: 7611: 7413: 7366:

saw Northumbria break from Celtic Christianity and return to the Roman Catholic church, as

7335: 7215: 6732: 6615: 6496: 6457: 6327: 6305: 6208: 6161: 6029: 5935: 5927: 5676: 5584: 5445: 4997: 4965: 4919: 4869:

ended British access to rich North Atlantic fishing grounds, while the North Sea was badly

4603: 4587: 4563: 4547: 4527: 4523: 4522:

Before the 19th century, there were no universities in Northern England. The first was the

4317: 4273: 3938: 3916: 3892: 3110: 3098: 2865: 2245: 2038: 1980: 1946: 1059: 1038: 405: 17547:"An economic history of the north of England. Part 2: Cottage industries and market towns" 17252: 12187:"Life Expectancy at Birth and at Age 65 by Local Areas in England and Wales: 2012 to 2014" 10305:

An Archaeological History of Britain: Continuity and Change from Prehistory to the Present

9128: 8367:

The Met Office climate region "England N" is defined as the whole of England north of the

7816:

franchises that operate many routes in Northern England. Meanwhile, new build such as the

6751:

Cricket has a strong following in Northern England, and three counties are represented by

6622:(RFL). Over time, the RFU and RFL adopted different rules and the two forms of the game – 4930:

cluster of chemical works based around Teesside, and the nuclear processing facilities at

2868:, although the linguistic elements that defined this area in the past, such as the use of 2337:

in the uplands. Averaged across the entire region, Northern England temperature range and

8: 19425: 19378: 19217: 19168: 18996: 18991: 18900: 13810: 12732:"Uniquely, Sheffield's dividing line runs directly through the city like the Berlin Wall" 12308: 9856: 8368: 7884: 7794: 7351: 7327: 7200: 7131: 6886: 6840: 6824: 6812: 6752: 6635: 6581: 6531: 6267: 5947: 5939: 5859: 5747: 5665: 5425: 5379: 5033: 4953: 4945: 4737: 4583: 4579: 4535: 4435: 4385: 4381: 4293: 4206: 4191: 4187: 3908: 3896: 3884: 3868: 3848: 3537: 3323: 3264: 3256: 3185: 3056: 2797: 2220: 2216: 2208: 2008: 1552: 1325: 1312: 1197: 1047: 727: 535: 531: 416: 391: 285: 16587:"Nigel Farage: Ukip will wipe out Labour in the north – just as the SNP did in Scotland" 11802:"Population and household estimates, England and Wales – Office for National Statistics" 11218:"An economic history of the north of England. Part 3: The industrial revolution arrives" 10864: 9629: 9493: 8519: 5153: 4980:

Regeneration has seen Leeds become the second largest financial and legal hub in the UK.

4688:

Growth, employment and household income have lagged behind the South, and the five most

3235:, from the late Neolithic or early Bronze Age, is the tallest megalith in Great Britain. 19571: 19413: 19270: 19229: 19198: 19137: 19016: 18948: 18849: 18829: 18490: 17204:

Not all places of worship are registered, and some defunct churches remain on the list.

17070: 15370: 14415: 14197: 14055: 13121: 11332:

Faith, Fraternity and Fighting: The Orange Order and Irish Migrants in Northern England

10876: 10812: 10245: 9641: 9052:"Geoarchaeology in Northern England I. The Landscape and Geography of Northern England" 8560:"Estimates of the population for the UK, England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland" 8162: 8158: 8091: 8053: 8033: 7735: 7488: 7432: 7409: 7272: 7082: 6900: 6779: 6742: 6508: 6427:, a team composed mainly of factory workers, became the first Northern team to win the 6415: 6375: 6036: 6017: 5915: 5805: 5789: 5568: 5516: 5431: 5313: 5126: 5016: 5012: 5001: 4611: 4559: 4409: 4345: 3872: 3852: 3720: 3600: 3370: 3343: 3295: 3287: 3255:

inhabitation 50 to 60 thousand years ago, and of a more modern occupation known as the

3212: 3199: 3141: 3085: 3069: 3029: 2821: 2805: 2374: 2194: 2172: 2158: 2148: 1972: 1709: 1675: 1641: 1625: 1586: 1573: 1489: 1248: 1193: 1187:

in the southern Pennines and north east coast is clearly visible in night-time imagery.

826: 678: 646: 618: 614: 610: 598: 594: 582: 573:. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the economy of the North was dominated by 508: 504: 500: 480: 290: 214: 150: 118: 114: 12276:"Durham University: Last of the Ancient Universities and First of the New (1831–1871)" 8943:""There is no such thing as the North": why devolution must be to the region's cities" 4964:

is especially prevalent across Northern England, although plans to extract it through

4209:

councils, which were Labour strongholds often with very left-wing leadership (such as

4057:

were Irish-born, and in Liverpool the figure was 22%. In response there was a wave of

3318: 19383: 19116: 19111: 19011: 18963: 18756: 18647: 18626: 18605: 18584: 18560: 18539: 18518: 18497: 18474: 18453: 18432: 18356: 18315: 18228: 18203: 17924: 17775: 17750: 17725: 17661: 17386: 17128: 17103: 17078: 17033: 16715: 16669: 16621: 16498: 16473: 16358: 16333: 16277: 16248: 16197: 16164: 16000:, which is part of the Sheffield City Region but is located in North East Derbyshire. 15905: 15880: 15829: 15801: 15481: 15456: 15207: 15123: 15099: 15007: 14797: 14763: 14735: 14475: 14438: 14419: 14177: 13730: 13670: 13645: 13620: 12698: 11719: 11621: 11554: 11529: 11489: 11335: 11310: 11285: 10950: 10925: 10851:

Donkin, R. A. (1969). "The Cistercian Order and the Settlement of Northern England".

10819: 10753: 10698: 10658: 10631: 10607: 10582: 10557: 10529: 10504: 10430: 10393: 10308: 10123: 10068: 10043: 9816: 9779: 9773: 9472: 9441: 9413: 9223: 9014: 8897: 8798: 8717: 8188: 8180: 8064: 7953: 7872: 7864: 7778: 7770: 7766: 7580: 7547: 7424: 7382: 7224: 7050: 6997: 6803: 6674: 6670: 6666: 6567: 6530:, compared to 266 Midlanders and 367 Southerners, and 15 of the 23 man squad for the 6516: 6421: 6385: 6323: 6271: 6181: 6153: 6021: 5781: 5777: 5717: 5672: 5495:—but became an affirmation of what Northerners saw as their own personal strengths. 5486: 5389: 5233: 5057: 5004:

has the highest revenue of any firm in the North West. The area is also home to many

4941: 4678: 4401: 4229: 4198: 4020: 3844: 3827: 3501:, a king of Bernicia who conquered Deira around the year 604. Northumbria then saw a 3402: 3260: 3133: 3104: 2813: 2695: 2338: 2140: 1868: 1840: 1260: 1118: 814: 709: 697: 483: 14589: 14526: 6557: 5693: 5181:

the average speed was only 6.2 Mbit/s. Hull, which is unique in the UK in that

4820: 4288: 3747: 953: 19580: 19520: 19405: 19326: 19096: 18326: 14782:

Moffat, A. (2015). Scotland: A history from the earliest times. Edinburgh: Birlinn.

14407: 11247: 11001: 10868: 10454: 10186: 9645: 9633: 9564:"Transport minister visits Winsford rock salt mine in preparation for Winter chill" 8832:"Big Issue: Alastair Campbell asks is Stoke-on-Trent in the Midlands or the North?" 8294: 8192: 8076: 8049: 7967: 7693:. York goes as far as to merge the latter two terms with alleyway to form the term 7591: 7555: 7428: 7377:

After the English Reformation Northern England became a centre of Catholicism, and

7173: 6952: 6856: 6704: 6678: 6585: 6444: 6381: 5919: 5801: 5797: 5455: 5195: 5142: 5134: 5130: 5098: 5053: 4923: 4890: 4828: 4819:

important role not just in agriculture but also in land management more generally.

4674: 4405: 4337: 4313: 4175: 4154: 4134: 4103: 4008: 3931: 3840: 3708: 3666: 3606: 3510: 3322:

Hadrian's Wall, one of the most famous Roman remains in Northern England, is now a

3232: 3195: 3137: 2987: 2954: 2931: 2923: 2801: 2353: 2296: 2100: 1240: 1213: 1079: 854: 818: 539: 16950: 14615: 14411: 8685: 8392:

of Scotland, was even further north, but Roman control over this area was limited.

7674:

between York and Chester. The A59, A66 and A69 are also major east-west A-roads.

7515:. In total, there are 84 synagogues in Northern England registered for marriages. 6337: 6149: 5019:

have taken root in Northern England, with major hubs around Leeds and Manchester.

3089: 2922:. On the opposite border, most Northern English accents can be distinguished from 19513: 19311: 19001: 18953: 18874: 18641: 18620: 18599: 18578: 18554: 18533: 18512: 18468: 18447: 16932: 16898: 16018: 15118:

The International Culinary Schools at The Art Institutes, Joseph LaVilla (2009).

14227: 12792: 11973: 11912: 11882: 9310: 9281: 8309: 8176: 8084: 8080: 7635: 7363: 7169: 7105: 6850: 6436: 6399: 6347: 6279: 6275: 6259: 6212: 6044: 5812: 5733: 5669: 5417: 5373: 5158: 5118: 5090: 5005: 4915: 4791: 4726: 4373: 4305: 4166: 4162: 4158: 4099: 4004: 3943: 3935: 3920: 3776: 3764: 3752: 3724: 3704: 3291: 3189: 3145: 3129: 2896: 2346: 2330: 1471: 1455: 1437: 1338: 1145: 778: 666: 662: 586: 229: 193: 185: 18367: 17430: 16045: 15638:

The British at Play – a social history of British sport from 1600 to the present

12421: 7235: 19585: 19366: 19356: 18958: 18574: 16129: 15930:"Why are there fewer and fewer Premier League teams from the North of England?" 13725:

Housing, Planning, Local Government and the Regions Committee (18 April 2006).

13095: 9588: 8279: 7844: 7762: 7651: 7417: 7355: 7285: 7177: 7120: 6971:. Meanwhile, enterprise and trade at the North's ports influenced the birth of 6930: 6755: 6601: 6595: 6500: 6488: 6395: 6236: 6216: 6204: 6110: 6087: 5875: 5816: 5699: 5652: 5367: 5359:

seven daily Northern papers had circulation figures above 25,000 in June 2016:

4907: 4670: 4349: 4071: 3808: 3800: 3772: 3763:

became significant players in the economy of Northern England – the Cistercian

3732: 3694: 3636: 3620: 3614: 3470: 3248: 3125: 2910:

to distinguish them from Southern ones is the Northern use of the short a (the

2277: 2253: 2144: 1523: 1505: 1366: 1106: 1102: 1010: 998: 911: 881: 834: 786: 763: 674: 658: 574: 566: 487: 473: 457: 239: 197: 171: 84: 18601:

The British Palaeolithic: Human Societies at the Edge of the Pleistocene World

13842:"Ten ways Manchester is set to become one of the world's top "digital cities"" 13691: 12902: 12824:"In England's forgotten "rust belt", voters show little sign of Brexit regret" 12392: 10388:

Kitchen, Willy (2002). "Tenure and Territoriality in the British Bronze Age".

9382: 8349:

Named "Hull" and "Newcastle" respectively throughout the rest of this article.

7662:

with the M1 using an alternative route and the A1 (M) is the upgraded A1. The

6122: 5469: 19600: 19286: 19142: 19049: 19044: 18986: 18905: 16868: 16218: 15063: 15004:

Cheese and Culture: A History of Cheese and its Place in Western Civilization

13521: 12630:"Haves and have-nots: England's most and least deprived places – in pictures" 11388:"Ciao, pet: A history of Italian immigration to Newcastle and the North East" 11277: 9512: 9304:"2011 Census Analysis – Comparing Rural and Urban Areas of England and Wales" 9244:"Is the Liverpool-Manchester-Leeds-Sheffield corridor a single urban region?" 8435:

Within Wales, native Welsh speakers are counted with native English speakers.

8385: 8299: 8284: 8254: 8168:, although they are now used mostly for pleasure rather than transport – the 8154: 7860: 7622:

became a statutory body in 2018 with powers to coordinate services and offer

6977: 6962: 6948: 6828: 6738: 6283: 6232: 6189: 6106: 6099: 6071: 6059: 6040: 6009: 5844: 5836: 5828: 5820: 5761: 5475: 5254: 4774: 4765: 4710: 4669:

Like the UK as a whole, the Northern English economy is now dominated by the

4531: 4309: 3951: 3864: 3737: 3650: 3529: 3394: 3299: 3184:

recognised as a separate language. It is possible that traces of now-extinct

3065: 2574: 2304: 2224: 2096: 2016: 1693: 1607: 1557: 1432: 1272: 1201: 1165: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1018: 866: 858: 838: 782: 670: 638: 527: 490: 449: 176: 145: 63:

The three current Northern England statistical regions combined shown within

33: 18223:

Willan, Thomas Stuart (1977), Chaloner, W. H.; Ratcliffe, Barrie M. (eds.),

16936: 14646:

FocusEconomics | Economic Forecasts from the World's Leading Economists

14151:"The London newspaper bias: half of "national" news is about the south east" 12120:"Life expectancy increases to 81 years old – but north-south divide remains" 12089:"Version 2.2. 2015 Face-to-face Post-election Survey (with vote validation)" 10358: 7981: 7161:

for the three Northern regions were abandoned after the government lost the

6479:

Many of the powerhouses of English football came from the North – as of the

4996:– are based in the North. Northern England was the birthplace of the modern 4129:

The industrial concentration in Northern England made it a major target for

19540: 19395: 19021: 19006: 18981: 18973: 16980: 16926: 16582: 16445: 15027: 13998:"Happy Valley producer: Gritty north? "I get very cross about that phrase"" 11005: 10898: 10329:"Return to Star Carr: Discovering the true size of a Mesolithic settlement" 10088: 10008: 8389: 8304: 8289: 8208: 8137: 7825: 7817: 7798: 7667: 7599: 7359: 7323: 7241: 7042: 6787: 6786:, which controlled the game at the time, selected few Northern players for 6653:

during which the English Northern Division was the only team to defeat the

6639: 6631: 6627: 6484: 6440: 6361: 6343: 6220: 6177: 6134: 5657: 5645: 5556: 5548: 5411: 5344: 5303: 5271: 4984:

Around 10% of the Northern England workforce is employed in retail. Of the

4931: 4682: 4225: 4142: 4119: 4062: 3818:, Scotland invaded Northern England and took much of the land north of the 3796: 3792: 3784: 3780: 3516:

Parts of the north and east of England were subject to Danish control (the

3440: 3386: 3382: 3350: 3012: 2961: 2848: 1900: 1500: 1243:

in 2006 found that 90% of the population of the North lived in and around:

1209: 1184: 1153: 1136:

Scafell Pike, England's highest peak, alongside Wastwater, its deepest lake

1114: 1110: 990: 774: 759: 739: 686: 160: 17383:

The Other World: Spiritualism and Psychical Research in England, 1850–1914

16747:"Meet The Political Party That Wants Yorkshire To Have Its Own Parliament" 15177: 10501:

The Cambridge Ancient History: Volume 12, The Crisis of Empire, AD 193–337

7670:(over the south Pennines) is the major east-west motorway, it follows the 7089:

benefited from Conservative unpopularity by positioning themselves as the

6630:– diverged. Rugby league's stronghold remains Northern England along the " 6282:, the UK's biggest mass-participation sporting event and the most popular 4280:(69.1%) had among the lowest proportions of White British outside London. 395: 19296: 19039: 19031: 18225:

Trade and Transport: Essays in Economic History in Honour of T. S. Willan

16553:"After Brexit, Red Ukip prepares to take on Labour's northern heartlands" 15993: 13213:"North East exports top £12bn, giving region consistent balance of trade" 12661:"Ten of top 12 most declining UK cities are in north of England – report" 9159: 8410: 8340:

Part of the Peak District is located in the Midlands statistical regions.

8274: 8196: 7694: 7647: 7643: 7473: 7441: 7331: 7188: 7109: 7038: 6985: 6771: 6662: 6623: 6407: 6365: 6239:, although these are now far more popular in stereotype than in reality. 6138: 6095: 6067: 5651:

If not wearing leather lace-up shoes, some men and women would have worn

5636:

on top as protection from dirt; in colder months they would often wear a

5563:

used it in relation to a lot of places in the north of England including

5544: 5220: 5106: 5086: 5020: 4870: 4836: 4808: 4256:

Population centres in Northern England as part of their historic counties

4150: 4012: 3991: 3815: 3788: 3760: 3741: 3680: 3547: 3525: 3506: 3498: 3494: 3431: 3307: 3268: 3252: 2862: 2361: 2308: 2064: 1722: 1268: 1144:, five – the Peak District, the Lake District, the North York Moors, the 1094: 982: 978: 897: 873: 751: 747: 731: 476: 461: 234: 18556:

The North-south Divide: The Origins of Northern Consciousness in England

18492:

The Iron Age in Northern Britain: Celts and Romans, Natives and Invaders

16666:

Revolt on the Right: Explaining Support for the Radical Right in Britain

14119: 13642:

Lancashire's Seaside Piers: Also Featuring the Piers of the River Mersey

11452:"North British Migration: From the Irish Sea to the Allegheny Mountains" 10526:

Philip Perry's Sketch of the Ancient British History: A Critical Edition

7995: 7939: 7705:; pitched paving is a common in-between type of paving most often used. 7253: 6894: 6714: 4948:, are significant components in Northern England's energy mix. Although 3251:

in northern Derbyshire, near modern-day Sheffield, which shows signs of

19552: 19291: 18132:"Boom left Britain with pointless regional airports, says flight chief" 17454:"Number of Registered Places of Worship (England and Wales), 1999–2009" 17149:"Number of Registered Places of Worship (England and Wales), 1999–2009" 15877:

The Leaguers: The Making of Professional Football in England, 1900–1939

15451:

Tomaney, John (2010). "'Madchester': "Northernness" and mass culture".

15422:"The real northern powerhouses: the brass bands that moved me to tears" 15392: 15374: 13149:"How the Cod War of 40 years ago left a Yorkshire community devastated" 11771:"Northern England cities' promise attracts wave of property investment" 11618:

Anti-Oppressive Social Work: A Guide for Developing Cultural Competence

11095:

Pollen, John Hungerford (1920). "Chapter IV: The Rising of the North".

8165: 7880: 7836: 7334:

played an essential role in the Christianisation of Northumbria, after

7155: 7151: 6981: 6880: 6807: 6700: 6654: 6605: 6456:

was founded in 1888, and marked its independence from the London-based

6224: 6173: 6157: 6102: 6086:

scene. Across the Pennines, Sheffield is the birthplace of influential

6079: 6063: 6005: 5943: 5879: 5848: 5769: 5703: 5613: 5576: 5572: 5507: 5338: 5228: 5182: 5178: 4935: 4183: 4146: 4000: 3900: 3895:

in Cumberland and Westmorland, and largest of all, the Yorkshire-based

3867:

drew most of their power from Southern England, Wales and Ireland. The

3819: 3674: 3551: 3521: 3474: 3410: 3275: 3156: 3118: 3022:(common in areas with historical Irish communities). Many dialects use 2927: 2907: 2857: 2852: 2357: 2342: 2104: 2072: 1984: 1828: 1792: 1688: 1654: 1539: 1484: 1421: 1406: 1382: 1264: 1225: 1205: 1157: 1063: 1006: 830: 798: 770: 715:

Close-up labelled map of Northern England and its traditional counties.

654: 650: 453: 445: 366: 355: 305: 300: 280: 166: 155: 17625:"Breaking down barriers to better local transport in the city regions" 16893:"An independent north? What an England severed in two might look like" 15394:

The evolution of the brass band and its repertoire in Northern England

13934:"Why Hull has cream phone boxes (and why it's relevant to tech today)" 13029:"Structure of the agricultural industry in England and the UK at June" 12501:"HI00 Regional labour market: Headline LFS indicators for all regions" 12217:"Northern England hit harder by COVID-19 and effects will last longer" 10880: 10655:

Imagining Medieval English: Language Structures and Theories, 500–1500

8863:"What could the Great Exhibition of the North look like in Sheffield?" 8626: 8009: 5760:, high in calories and often not particularly healthy. Dishes such as 5011:

With urban regeneration, high-value service sector industries such as

4114:

caused several episodes of social unrest in the region, including the

4090:, formerly an industrial building, is a symbol of the regeneration of 4026: 19054: 18925: 15997: 14670:"It may be grim up North, but that's no reason to lock everyone down" 14559:"Andy Burnham's right – it's grim Up North – but that's no bad thing" 9637: 9099:"9 of Northern England's most awe-inspiring national parks and AONBs" 8414: 7852: 7512: 7390: 7124: 6993: 6944: 6523: 6398:, founded in 1857. Early Northern football teams tended to adopt the 6118: 5923: 5910:

Immigration to Northern England has shaped its cuisine. The Teesside

5871: 5855: 5641: 5580: 5511: 5245: 5239: 5224: 5082: 5061: 4993: 4976: 4961: 4854: 4812: 4733: 4702: 4393: 4353: 4269: 4138: 4130: 4091: 4046: 4030: 3912: 3843:

invaded and raided the whole of Northern England. There was also the

3533: 3362: 3331: 3279: 3061: 2950: 2789: 2300: 2288: 2269: 2261: 2257: 2056: 2052: 2020: 2012: 1960: 1924: 1904: 1832: 1804: 1602: 1568: 1534: 1450: 1416: 1396: 1377: 1353: 1233: 1221: 1217: 1192:

east coast, trade fuelled the growth of major ports and settlements (

1161: 1090: 1083: 1002: 986: 939: 735: 555: 547: 465: 386: 310: 275: 270: 181: 16691:"The Tories Have Had A Truly Terrible Night In The North Of England" 15977:"Why are so many of England's World Cup footballers from Yorkshire?" 13667:

The Forging of the Modern State: Early Industrial Britain, 1783–1870

9218:

McCord, Norman (1998). "North East England". In Edward Royle (ed.).

7420:, as well as many hundreds of churches from smaller denominations. 7279:(Roman Catholic), the highest-ranking church officials in the North. 3644: 3306:

were the main Bronze Age settlement and the locals were most likely

3018: 845:

with Lincolnshire and small parts of Nottinghamshire and north west

821:

districts have joined with districts of South Yorkshire to form the

766:), although it is politically and culturally distinct from England. 32:"The North, United Kingdom" redirects here. Not to be confused with 18789: 15286:"Bradford crowned Curry Capital of Britain for sixth year in a row" 15120:

The Wine, Beer, and Spirits Handbook: A Guide to Styles and Service

14087:"At last, television has lifted its gaze from London and the south" 10872: 8471:

Anglican churches are not required to register and are not counted.

8372: 8264: 8184: 7856: 7639: 7559: 7367: 7339: 7090: 6646:

below it has 12 Northern teams, one London team and 1 French team.

6411: 6200: 6114: 6013: 5870:'s Nut Brown Ale. Beer in the North is usually served with a thick 5773: 5617: 5564: 5037: 4858: 4658: 4372:

One major manifestation of the North–South divide is in health and

4341: 4179: 4037:

former World Heritage Site, greeted migrants from around the world.

4016: 3975: 3955: 3856: 3804: 3565: 3561: 3478: 3390: 3374: 3339: 3303: 3271:, and was inhabited some time between 13,400 and 12,800 years ago. 3244: 3204: 2998: 2978:, although it is often not pronounced as a /t/ sound) or its total 2825: 2775: 2763: 2366: 2284: 2082: 2060: 2024: 1994: 1916: 1912: 1896: 1864: 1800: 1733:) is the largest in the region and larger than Leeds's urban area ( 1659: 1636: 1518: 1055: 726:

boundaries, in which case the North is generally taken to comprise

630: 589:

have resulted in strong economic growth in parts of the North, the

469: 441: 135: 17793: 17791: 17408:"Liverpool City Council's plans to restore Britain's first mosque" 11551:

Regional Development in the 1990s: The British Isles in Transition

9309:. Office for National Statistics. 22 November 2013. Archived from 8075:

in 2022. Many of these airports were developed during the boom in

7715:

were located in Northern England creating intense competition and

7554:

in 1889. Today, there are around 500 mosques in Northern England.

7289:

Percentage of registered Catholics in the population in 1715–1720.

5727: 5227:

has moved its headquarters to Leeds. Of the four national evening

4205:, which brought hardship for many Northern mining towns. Northern 4102:

was the turning point for the economy of Northern England. In the

3570: 3373:" (Lower Britain) in the North, and it was ruled from the city of 3040: 18910: 18820: 16194:

We Danced All Night: A Social History of Britain Between the Wars

13775:"Great Britain Tourism Survey Quarterly Regional Summary Q4 2015" 13423: 13421: 12693:

Gore, Tony; Jones, Catherine (2006). "Yorkshire and the Humber".

11549:

Martin, Ron; Townroe, Peter (2013). "The Macroeconomic Context".

10449: 9601:. Vol. 622. United Kingdom: House of Commons. col. 131. 9597: 9336:"Figure 1: Explore population characteristics of individual BUAs" 8413:

of any kind. Most of the invaders were from modern Denmark (East

8328: 8200: 7716: 7698: 7522: 7405: 7371: 6940: 6563: 6228: 5899: 5824: 5588: 5560: 5499: 5332:

around Merseyside following the newspaper's coverage of the 1989

4878: 4862: 4835:

describes the North's moors as a "black hole" for the endangered

4389: 3579: 3517: 3513:, spoken predominately in Cumbria until around the 12th century. 3449: 3358: 3240: 2979: 2833: 2829: 2265: 2212: 1976: 1860: 1848: 1704: 1098: 846: 634: 433: 376: 140: 104: 67:. Other definitions of the North vary and have changed over time. 64: 19331: 17674: 12007:"DC2210EWr – Main language by proficiency in English (regional)" 7883:

systems in the North – Blackpool Tramway, Manchester Metrolink,

7594:

within Northern city regions; of the six PTEs in England, five (

7483:

Small Jewish communities arose in Beverley, Doncaster, Grimsby,

5036:

worth hundreds of millions to local economies: the discovery of

3034: 3024: 18778: 18470:

Thinking Northern: Textures of Identity in the North of England

17788: 17569: 15204:

Lost Britain: An A-Z of Forgotten Landmarks and Lost Traditions

12874:"Funding concerns for UK's northern business after Brexit vote" 10488:. Vol. XII. Cambridge University Press. 1970. p. 706. 10208: 7848: 7690: 7686: 7563: 7543: 6428: 6075: 5904: 5832: 5629: 5174: 5114: 4847: 4753: 4694: 4408:

in Northern England, and in severe job losses in the following

4377: 4067: 4015:

to take root in the region. High quality steel in turn fed the

3860: 3575: 3486: 3208: 2837: 2817: 2312: 2292: 2180: 2108: 2028: 1968: 1928: 1920: 1812: 1796: 1670: 1620: 1156:, which rises to 978 m (3,209 ft), its largest lake, 1132: 1126: 1014: 801:, and before this the borough was considered to be part of the 743: 412: 295: 18156:

Blitz, Roger; Tighe, Chris; Bounds, Andrew (25 January 2015).

18054: 16219:"Durham win County Championship title with victory over Notts" 15962:"How many England internationals have been born in your area?" 14198:"North's "national daily" newspaper 24 closes after six weeks" 13418: 11739:"Bomb to boom – Manchester, a shining example to other cities" 10251: 10163:. Office for National Statistics. 4 March 2013. Archived from 10040:

The Woman's Historical Novel: British Women Writers, 1900–2000

7507:

synagogue in the country, and Greater Manchester has the only

7085:, and between the 1980s and the 2010s their successors in the 6246:, which left it a legacy of sporting facilities including the 6055:

draw hundreds of bands from across the UK and further afield.

5322:, failed after six weeks. Across Northern England as a whole, 5008:, with startups emerging around tech hubs in Northern cities. 4685:

rates compared to Southern England and to other EU countries.

4364: 3970: 3421: 18075:"'A sad loss for Blackpool' as unprofitable airport to close" 14823: 13337:"Closure of Kellingley pit brings deep coal mining to an end" 11528:. W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research. p. 31. 11000: 9815:. Vol. 2. Cambridge University Press. pp. 349–350. 9792: 8651: 7702: 7678: 6802:

accused Yorkshire of scuffing the pitch and intimidating the

5922:

immigrant and adapted to the region's taste. There are large

5911: 5891: 5887: 5840: 5765: 5757: 5637: 5633: 5625: 5621: 5607:

The flat cap stereotypically associated with Northern England

4804: 4713:. There are major disparities even across individual cities: 3731:. In the winter of 1069–1070, towns, villages and farms were 3542: 3490: 3482: 3458: 1892: 1361: 1343: 1229: 1026: 994: 925: 837:. Some areas of Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire are served by 493: 265: 18622:

Looking North: Northern England and the National Imagination

16245:

Amateurism in British Sport: It Matters Not Who Won Or Lost?

16100:"Do you remember when the North beat the mighty All Blacks?" 15567:"Is there a north-south divide in England's music industry?" 15478:

MOD: From Bebop to Britpop, Britain's Biggest Youth Movement

12422:

Northern children "too often left behind", says commissioner

11944:"Ethnicity and National Identity in England and Wales: 2011" 7773:

and the oldest continually operating in the world; the 1825

6270:

was in Leeds, and every year since Yorkshire has hosted the

5498:

Traits stereotypically associated with Northern England are

4019:

that opened along the coasts, especially on Tyneside and at

1050:

of Northern England, showing the Pennines and river valleys.

17839:"New franchises herald new era for North's rail passengers" 16838:"NIP it in the bud: the case against Northern independence" 16470:

British Politics, 1910–1935: The Crisis of the Party System

15178:"Northside – Andrew Martin remembers dandelion and burdock" 13464: 11282:

Building Jerusalem: The Rise and Fall of the Victorian City

7832: 7682: 7562:, of which the largest is the Sikh Temple in Leeds, and 30 7508: 7007:

Labour held the majority of Northern constituencies at the

6083: 5811:

The North is known for its often crumbly cheeses, of which

5603: 5102: 4989: 4654: 4332:

The census question on religion has been criticised by the

3926:

Northern England was a focal point for fighting during the

3378: 3001: 2370: 2237: 1466: 1140:

Much of the mountainous upland remains undeveloped, and of

17695:"Car, bike, train, or walk: how people get to work mapped" 16075:"BBC Sport – Rugby union in the north of England is dying" 15605: 15603: 14642:"England's north-south divide: Is it still grim up north?" 13860: 13743: 13694:

Working-Class Organisations and Popular Tourism, 1840–1970

12905:"UK regions, the European Union and manufacturing exports" 12763:"Towns and cities analysis, England and Wales, March 2016" 11648:"The effects of Thatcherism in the urban North of England" 11103: 8609: 8607: 8577: 8417:

speakers), but some were Norwegians (West Norse speakers).

7150:

have seen little electoral support. Plans by Labour under

6450:

professionalism was formally legalised in English football

5851:

are popular in the North East and Yorkshire respectively.

3887:, the North saw several Catholic uprisings, including the 3727:, and to put an end to the rebellion, William ordered the 2855:

in north Lancashire. This area corresponds roughly to the

1089:

The geography of the North has been heavily shaped by the

19525: 18014:"Size of Reporting Airports January 2022 – December 2022" 17352:"How Greater Manchester's eruv has changed life for Jews" 17226: 15902:

Girls with Balls – The Secret History of Women's Football

15361:

Cannon, R. D. (1971). "The Bagpipe in Northern England".

15258: 14362: 14360: 14345: 13301:"The North of England Energy, Marine and Offshore Report" 13065:"Country Pasture/Forage Resource Profile: United Kingdom" 12425: 12338:"Review of evidence on education in the north of England" 12244:"Northern Covid-19 infection rate nearly double London's" 11484:

Jupp, James (2001). "Immigration from Northern England".

11012:; McCombie, Grace; Ryder, Peter; Welfare, Peter (1992) . 10248:

years have been adjusted to give calendar ('real') years.

10136: 9538: 8738:"Long shadows: 50 years of the Local Government Act 1972" 7708: 4889:

Northern England has a strong export-based economy, with

4800: 4077: 3505:

in cultural, scholarly and monastic activity, centred on

3294:

around the Humber Estuary were settled and farmed in the

2982:, and the T-to-R rule that leads to the pronunciation of 2384:

Climate data for the England N climate region, 1981–2010

2311:

in North Yorkshire, which also produces half of the UK's

1122: 519:, an area of 37,331 km (14,414 square miles) and 17 515:. These had a combined population of 15.5 million at the 17921:

Modern Britain Third Edition: A Social History 1750–2011

16384:. Office for National Statistics. May 2016. p. 17. 14590:"Is JB Priestley to blame for grim up north stereotype?" 13755: 12587: 12367:"North-south schools divide "not supported by evidence"" 12214: 10832: 10682:. Vol. 12. Cambridge University Press. p. 187. 10425:

Todd, Michael (15 April 2008). "Cities and Urban Life".

10406: 10228:"Palaeolithic art and archaeology of Creswell Crags, UK" 9743:"Manchester Climate Information (Region: England N tab)" 9615: 9509:"Everything You Ever Wanted To Know About Hard Water..." 8922: 8594: 8592: 8444:

Middlesbrough, Knowsley, Hull, Liverpool and Manchester.

7130:(BNP), who exploited racial tensions in the wake of the 6992:, the movement's greatest success was the repeal of the 5194:

in Cumbria, to install high-speed internet connections.

3389:

bases in the region, with other smaller forts including

17986:"Light Rail and Tram Statistics: Notes and Definitions" 17590: 16618:

New British Fascism: Rise of the British National Party

16495:

Seats, Votes, and the Spatial Organisation of Elections

15600: 14472:

Ageing and Change in Pit Villages of North East England

14260:"When revenue is slipping, it's OK to say you're sorry" 13544: 13069:

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

12903:

Sheffield Political Economy Research Institute (2016).

12711: 12470:"Regional labour market statistics in the UK: Feb 2017" 9912: 9900: 9888: 9876: 9220:

Issues of Regional Identity: In Honour of John Marshall

8604: 8195:

ferries offer passenger and freight connections to the

7590:(PTE) has become a major player in the organisation of 5203: 5199: 3203:

country as a whole have strongholds in Northern towns:

1097:

era, which often reached as far south as the Midlands.

19076:

Political history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)

18713:. Institute for Public Policy Research. Archived from 18684:. Institute for Public Policy Research. Archived from 18106:"Last call for Doncaster: why is the airport closing?" 17817:"Northern England's railways under election spotlight" 14527:"Labour leader calls for unity at Durham Miners' Gala" 14451: 14357: 11597: 9834: 9832: 7011:, but saw its traditional Northern heartlands reduced. 6947:

were shaped by reports into the lives of the Northern

6215:, and led to the schism between the two main forms of 5987:

Northumbrian pipers at Alwinton Border Shepherds Show.

5815:

is the earliest example. Unlike Southern cheeses like

3930:. The border counties were invaded by Scotland in the 3585: 2295:

are also plentiful in northern parts of the Pennines.

841:(formerly BBC North), whilst eastern Yorkshire shares 17944:

Randall, D. (1954). "In the Shadow of the Pennines".

15687:"Legacy of Commonwealth Games lives on in Manchester" 15666: 14372: 14294:"Taking Part 2014/15, Focus on: Newspaper Readership" 13522:"Are call centres the factories of the 21st Century?" 13276:"The Northern Powerhouse Independent Economic Review" 13183:"Meet the British Fishermen Who Want Out of the E.U." 11679:"Margaret Thatcher: 20 ways that she changed Britain" 11513:(Thesis). Vol. 1. Cornell University. p. 1. 11097:

The English Catholics in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth

9955: 8811: 8774: 8589: 8140:, opened in 1757 to connect Liverpool's ports to the 4740:. The North has also been a significant recipient of 17207: 17182: 17180: 17178: 17176: 17174: 16620:. London and New York: Routledge. pp. 84, 105. 14950:. European Commission. 9 August 2007. Archived from 14616:"Readers recommend ... Songs about northern England" 13881:"Internet access – households and individuals: 2016" 13595:"Can the North of England rival London's Tech City?" 12035:. Office for National Statistics. 11 December 2012. 9977:

Wilson, Frances; Maughan, Philip (5 December 2013).

9772:

Upton, Clive; Widdowson, John David Allison (2006).

8979:"Will the Conservatives ever be loved in the North?" 7666:

is a major north-south A-road also in the east. The

7497:

Manchester also has a long-standing Jewish community

7435:– the second-highest figure in the Church after the 7393:

was the dominant faith in much of Northern England.

7176:

only hold seats at the local council level, and the

5157:

Connecting Cumbria is one of many projects to bring

5064:

are among the major high-tech sectors in the North.

3274:

Significant settlement appears to have begun in the

19081:

Social history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)

18449:

Church and Society in the Medieval North of England

15713:"Tour de Yorkshire aims to add fourth day for 2018" 14497:"Whatever happened to the Great British Battleaxe?" 10390:

Bronze Age Landscapes: Tradition and Transformation

9829: 8910: 8551: 5535:

is one of the largest trade union events in Europe.

4881:and to offshore wind to replace its fishing fleet. 4794:, are a major part of Northern English agriculture. 4705:and across to York is an example, as is Cheshire's 3744:farmland, paid little attention to pastoral areas. 3477:(the "Old North") was divided into rival kingdoms, 3188:from the region survive in some rural areas in the 1129:and which is very fertile and productive farmland. 18489: 18165: 17866:"Rishi Sunak scraps northern leg of HS2 rail line" 16891: 16643:"Major parties condemn BNP after election success" 16441:"Labour's "red wall" demolished by Tory onslaught" 16011: 15144: 14727:A life apart: the English working class, 1890–1914 14668: 14557: 14258: 14174:News in the Regions: Plymouth Sound to Moray Firth 13488: 13375: 13122:"North of England "a black hole" for hen harriers" 12242: 11769: 11424:. Liverpool John Moores University. Archived from 10811: 8079:during the early 2000s and suffered following the 6127:rivalry between the Beatles and the Rolling Stones 4007:allowed ironmaking and, with the invention of the 3192:counting systems traditionally used by shepherds. 1025:– and does not include cities like Manchester and 746:and Mersey estuaries being a common boundary) and 18227:, Manchester University Press, pp. 179–190, 17914: 17912: 17772:Privatized Infrastructure: The Role of Government 17593:"Northern Transport Strategy: Spring 2016 Report" 17171: 17075:The Coming of Christianity to Anglo-Saxon England 17052: 15738:"Stage Set For 37th Simplyhealth Great North Run" 15560: 15558: 15453:The Cambridge Companion to Modern British Culture 14172:Hetherington, Alastair (1989). "Yorkshire Post". 13368:"Fast-track fracking taps well of northern anger" 12942:. Smith Institute. pp. 6, 49. Archived from 11125:Cooper, Stephen; Cooper, Ashley (29 April 2015). 10274:"Heritage Minister gives protection to Star Carr" 10185: 9222:. Manchester University Press. pp. 108–109. 8520:"Publications catalogue | British History Online" 7546:in the United Kingdom was founded by the convert 7374:rules were brought into line with those of Rome. 7119:. UKIP originally struggled in the region due to 5522: 2256:, a distinctive coarse-grained rock used to make 19598: 18660: 18158:"English airports fear Scottish tax competition" 18155: 17797: 17747:People and Places: A 2001 Census Atlas of the UK 17680: 17630:. Merseytravel. 24 November 2011. Archived from 17575: 17540: 17538: 16353:Lovell, John; Roberts, Benjamin Charles (1968). 15879:. Liverpool University Press. pp. 283–284. 15502:"Made In Sheffield: The Birth of Electronic Pop" 14432: 12156:. Office for National Statistics. Archived from 10924:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 183–184. 10503:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 253–254. 10499:Wilkes, John (2005). "Frontiers and Provinces". 8972: 8970: 8968: 5661:, which was intricately developed in the North. 5231:, three are set and filmed in Northern England ( 4944:from North Sea and Irish Sea, and more recently 4416:in their study, five were located in the North. 4400:These health inequalities manifested during the 3999:is sometimes attributed to the damp climate and 3871:also touched the region, and in just 400 years, 2895:Northern English accents have not undergone the 1113:. On the eastern side of the Pennines, a former 18643:Northern English: A Social and Cultural History 18419: 18187: 18185: 18073:Pidd, Helen; Campbell, Chloe (8 October 2014). 17722:Competition Ownership of Bus and Coach Services 17405: 17063: 16158: 15798:The Ball is Round: A Global History of Football 15397:(phd). University of Sheffield. pp. 1–20. 14760:Clothing the Poor in Nineteenth-Century England 14299:. Department for Culture, Media and Sport. 2015 12996:"Regional analysis of public sector employment" 12439:"JOBS05: Workforce jobs by region and industry" 11641: 11639: 11637: 10576: 9710:"North West England & Isle of Man: climate" 9182: 9180: 9151: 7616:Cities and Local Government Devolution Act 2016 7445:. Likewise, with the exception of parts of the 7037:was held in Manchester in 1868, and as of 2015 6823:, but these tensions were given release in the 3401:). Britannia Inferior extended as far north as 3361:records that they handed the resistance leader 18008: 18006: 17937: 17909: 17385:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 91–92. 16977:"The Easter Walking Pilgrimage to Holy Island" 16864:"Can the Northern Independence Party succeed?" 15555: 15455:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 85–86. 14762:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 33–34. 13442:"Who are the north west's biggest businesses?" 13176: 13174: 12969:"Public sector employment, UK: September 2016" 12532:"Regional Gross Value Added (Income Approach)" 12335: 12241:Scott, Dominic; Scott, Patrick (1 June 2020). 12180: 12178: 12001: 11999: 10922:Flanders and the Anglo-Norman World, 1066–1216 10680:Old English: A Historical Linguistic Companion 9771: 9464:An Introduction to Global Environmental Issues 9440:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 93–95. 8891: 4968:("fracking") have proven to be controversial. 432:, is a region that forms the northern part of 18805: 18664:Northern Trans-Pennine Routes Strategic Study 18285:. Department for Transport. 21 September 2016 17744: 17535: 17122: 16352: 15760: 15653:"It's time to drop the Yorkshire stereotypes" 13965:"Two-Speed Britain: Rural and Urban Internet" 13729:. The Stationery Office. p. Ev 140–141. 13490:"North of England tech hubs grow in strength" 12937:"Public services north: time for a new deal?" 12872:Bounds, Andrew; Tighe, Chris (22 July 2016). 12821: 12393:"North-south divide in university admissions" 11548: 11209: 9976: 9460: 8965: 8711: 8678:"The North-South Divide – Where is the line?" 7163:2004 North East England devolution referendum 6996:, protests against which had led to the 1819 6958:The Condition of the Working Class in England 5835:, is a traditional treat across the North on 5040:at the University of Manchester produced the 4190:in towns and cities such as Bradford, Leeds, 3811:called Flemingate in the thirteenth century. 3807:in the East Riding of Yorkshire still had an 2287:are found in Cumbria and the North East, and 1236:, with a population of at least 7.6 million. 254:10 largest settlements in order of population 18182: 18072: 17069: 16492: 15842: 15335: 15146:"North-South beer divide is all in the head" 14904: 14902: 14843: 14794:Theatre, Performance and Analogue Technology 14171: 14114: 14112: 14056:"The shameless success of northern TV drama" 11634: 11415: 11413: 11124: 10551: 10089:"What is the Northumbrian Language Society?" 9682: 9680: 9541:"British regional geology: Northern England" 9461:Pickering, Kevin T.; Owen, Lewis A. (1997). 9177: 9045: 9043: 9041: 9039: 9037: 8207:opened in 2007, cruises also operate out of 7558:are also represented: there are at least 45 7423:In the ecclesiastical administration of the 5591:and they use the phrase repeatedly in their 4781: 3038:likewise ("us cars") or use the alternative 1294:Largest cities and towns in Northern England 1078:adjoining the border with Scotland, and the 18597: 18403:. Department for Transport. 9 November 2016 18003: 17284:"Plaque to mark Liverpool's kosher history" 17188:"Places of worship registered for marriage" 17125:Atlas of Industrializing Britain, 1780–1914 16663: 16154: 16152: 16150: 13619:. Manchester University Press. p. 40. 13240: 13238: 13171: 13023: 13021: 12871: 12175: 11996: 11488:. Cambridge University Press. p. 300. 11120: 11118: 10771: 10769: 10657:. Cambridge University Press. p. 140. 10630:. Golden Age of Northumbria. Archived from 10581:. Oxford University Press. pp. 10–11. 10257: 10214: 9933:"British regional accents "still thriving"" 9587: 9355: 9236: 6105:movement of the 2000s gave the country the 5675:brought back by touring football fans) and 4956:, North Yorkshire, there are still several 4884: 4677:higher than any other region. In 2015, the 4316:(0.5%), and 0.4% of the population speak a 3416: 3207:for instance has the largest proportion of 989:– a definition which would include much of 18812: 18798: 18750: 18703: 18678:Northern Prosperity is National Prosperity 18674: 18580:Pies and Prejudice: In Search of the North 18060: 17841:. Rail North. 1 April 2016. Archived from 17303: 17227:"Roman Catholic Dioceses of Great Britain" 16516: 16514: 16355:Short History of the Trades Union Congress 16184: 16182: 16180: 16013:"Making the long walk from Hull to Widnes" 15592:Pratt, Sarah (January 1996). "Take That". 15304: 14474:. UoM Custom Book Centre. pp. 90–91. 13962: 13866: 13811:"Inbound nation, region & county data" 13427: 12593: 12563:"House of Lords State of the North Debate" 12560: 12240: 11036:"Map showing results by Residence: County" 10554:Encyclopedia of European Peoples, Volume 2 10122:. Cambridge University Press. p. 93. 9972: 9970: 9431: 9429: 9328: 9296: 8583: 8027:International airports of Northern England 7769:in Leeds, the first railway authorised by 7750:Haymarket bus station, Newcastle upon Tyne 4586:. Other universities in the North include 4053:, 13% of the population of Manchester and 3990:, Northern England had plentiful coal and 3313: 3259:around 12,000 years ago. Kirkwell Cave in 2377:and the area's heavy industry in decline. 1279:, compared to 82% for England as a whole. 793:borough of Derbyshire are included in the 785:have northern characteristics and include 17399: 17380: 16931:. London: Burns, Oates & Washbourne. 16688: 16664:Ford, Robert; Goodwin, Matthew J (2014). 16493:Gudgin, Graham; Taylor, Peter J. (2012). 15974: 15923: 15921: 15850:"History of Football – The Global Growth" 15823: 15819: 15817: 15795: 15791: 15789: 15386: 15384: 15001: 14933: 14899: 14819:"How the north of England impacted style" 14816: 14753: 14751: 14433:Allport, Alan; Wingfield, George (2007). 14288: 14286: 14109: 12692: 12658: 12364: 12151:"Regional health inequalities in England" 11410: 11354: 10897:. University of Sheffield. Archived from 10805: 10803: 10775: 10628:"Historical background to The Golden Age" 10303:Eaton, Jonathan Mark (12 December 2014). 10179: 9677: 9034: 8730: 8707: 8705: 8703: 8644: 7057:there are no Conservative councillors on 6435:won an FA Cup match against London-based 5076:Crowded beaches at Blackpool in the 1890s 5026: 4404:in high infection rates, death rates and 2303:mines in Great Britain are in the North: 1070:. Other uplands in the North include the 18248:"Aire & Calder Navigation Main Line" 18198:. Manchester University Press. pp. 18191: 18103: 17745:Dorling, Daniel; Thomas, Bethan (2004). 17649: 17318: 17097: 17032:. Oxford University Press. p. 337. 17030:The Secular Clergy in England, 1066–1216 16744: 16411:"England's two nations: Divided kingdom" 16403: 16296: 16242: 16163:. Taylor and Francis. pp. 150–151. 16147: 16009: 15684: 15089: 14757: 14700: 14698: 14696: 14666: 14555: 14029:"ITV Studios to put £5m into Leeds site" 13995: 13878: 13658: 13617:The Blackpool Landlady: A Social History 13482: 13480: 13478: 13476: 13246:"Region Trade Statistics Latest Release" 13235: 13018: 12760: 12688: 12686: 12390: 12215:University of Manchester (26 May 2020). 12210: 12208: 12184: 12148: 11329: 11115: 10766: 10747: 10692: 10552:Waldman, Carl; Mason, Catherine (2006). 10268: 10266: 10062: 9737: 9735: 9612:Calculated using data from WorldClim.org 9211: 9157: 8940: 8829: 8742:UK Parliament – House of Commons Library 8652:"BBC nations and regions – overview map" 7531: 7472: 7284: 7002: 6634:" between Liverpool and Hull. As of the 6219:. The North is also associated with the 6167: 6148: 6066:from the Liverpool area, which produced 5961: 5602: 5526: 5336:has seen the paper fall behind both the 5152: 5071: 4975: 4841: 4785: 4363: 4287: 4251: 4081: 4025: 3969: 3965: 3946:, beginning the process that led to the 3911:. The region would become the centre of 3746: 3420: 3317: 3227: 3223: 3055: 2762: 1741:Largest urban areas in Northern England 1179: 1131: 1042: 803:Greater Manchester Statutory City Region 18618: 18573: 18487: 17991:. Department for Transport. 7 June 2016 17943: 17719: 17655: 17586: 17584: 17349: 17319:Williams, Jennifer (9 September 2014). 17190:. HM Passport Office. 7 November 2016. 16861: 16835: 16615: 16550: 16511: 16177: 15852:. FIFA Official Website. Archived from 15635: 15450: 15341: 15142: 14977:"Database Of Origin & Registration" 14723: 14704: 14457: 14390: 14378: 14351: 14316: 14314: 13989: 13912:"Broadband speed gaps exposed in north" 13639: 13550: 13062: 13058: 13056: 13054: 12840: 12729: 12717: 12659:Perraudin, Frances (29 February 2016). 12273: 12185:Olatunde, Olugbenga (4 November 2015). 11645: 11603: 11523: 11508: 10919: 10809: 10547: 10545: 10469: 10412: 10387: 10063:Morrison, Blake (2010) . Introduction. 10037: 9967: 9426: 8928: 8817: 8780: 8675: 8613: 8495: 8371:, approximately from Stoke-on-Trent to 7342:founded a monastery there as the first 7264:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Liverpool 6289: 5396: 5328:is the best selling newspaper, but the 4045:of the 1840s drove migrants across the 2748: 2299:has a long history, and both remaining 1032: 328:37,331 km (14,414 sq mi) 14: 19599: 18741: 18552: 18531: 18510: 18466: 18445: 18426: 18398:"Sea Passenger Statistics: Final 2015" 18272: 18222: 18195:Transport in the Industrial Revolution 17863: 17814: 17810: 17808: 17806: 17692: 17544: 17482: 17428: 17213: 17102:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 475. 17027: 16951:"The Religious History of Lindisfarne" 16581: 16467: 16332:. Ashgate Publishing. pp. 15–16. 16330:The Transformation of Urban Liberalism 16290: 16268: 16216: 16159:Huggins, Mike; Williams, Jack (2006). 16068: 16066: 16003: 15918: 15874: 15814: 15786: 15710: 15672: 15609: 15530: 15475: 15381: 15360: 15310: 15175: 14908: 14791: 14748: 14494: 14469: 14366: 14320: 14283: 14256: 14148: 14084: 13761: 13749: 13614: 13592: 13532:from the original on 27 September 2015 13519: 13486: 13365: 13146: 13096:"What is the UK's national vegetable?" 12930: 12928: 12803:from the original on 10 September 2015 12627: 12617:from the original on 20 December 2016. 12529: 12511:from the original on 19 September 2016 12498: 12467: 12303: 12301: 12234: 11850: 11479: 11477: 11449: 11367:from the original on 25 September 2015 11355:Schofield, Jonathan (3 October 2017). 11307:Political Parties in Britain 1783–1867 11215: 11109: 11094: 11058: 10944: 10850: 10838: 10800: 10652: 10524:Perry, Philip (2009). "Introduction". 10498: 10429:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 163. 10155: 10153: 10151: 10142: 10117: 9961: 9930: 9918: 9906: 9894: 9882: 9838: 9217: 9186: 8976: 8761: 8712:Kortmann, Bernd; Upton, Clive (2008). 8700: 8213:Newcastle International Ferry Terminal 8136:The first modern canal in England was 7389:, and at its peak in the 19th century 7350:. It is known for the creation of the 6394:The first football club in the UK was 5616:, an overcoat, and a hat, typically a 5067: 4971: 4078:Deindustrialisation and modern history 3907:faced another Catholic rebellion, the 3703:The 1066 defeat of the Norwegian king 3528:in Northern churchyards suggests that 3369:. The Romans created the province of " 1164:. Northern England is one of the most 1074:with England's highest mountains, the 677:, plus the unitary authority areas of 542:. The area's northern boundary is the 18793: 18639: 18363:from the original on 29 January 2016. 18322:from the original on 9 February 2017. 18311:from the original on 9 February 2017. 18129: 17918: 17769: 17513:"£3m Hindu temple soon to take shape" 17510: 17464:from the original on 8 September 2016 17281: 17159:from the original on 8 September 2016 16979:. NorthernCross.co.uk. Archived from 16924: 16889: 16777:"Ex Tory MP forms the Northern Party" 16391:from the original on 24 February 2017 16327: 16309:from the original on 26 November 2016 16297:Hitchens, Christopher (August 2012). 16072: 15959: 15940:from the original on 23 December 2016 15624:from the original on 23 November 2015 15617:. the British Council. pp. 6–7. 15591: 15564: 15390: 15292:from the original on 21 November 2016 15143:Jackson, Michael (15 December 1992). 15071:from the original on 24 December 2016 14693: 14333:from the original on 11 February 2017 14161:from the original on 21 January 2016. 14053: 14026: 13944:from the original on 2 September 2016 13839: 13706:from the original on 10 February 2017 13664: 13501:from the original on 11 December 2022 13473: 13192:from the original on 14 December 2016 12993: 12683: 12607:"English indices of deprivation 2015" 12542:from the original on 15 February 2017 12336:Tate, Sue; Greatbatch, David (2016). 12205: 12039:from the original on 15 February 2017 11941: 11863:from the original on 15 February 2017 11782:from the original on 11 December 2022 11767: 11676: 11615: 11526:The Economics of the Great Depression 11462:from the original on 24 November 2015 11385: 11304: 11258:from the original on 26 February 2017 11228:from the original on 6 September 2015 11137:from the original on 24 February 2017 11046:from the original on 8 September 2015 10982:from the original on 21 February 2012 10969: 10752:. Taylor & Francis. p. 267. 10750:Medieval Scandinavia: An Encyclopedia 10729:from the original on 10 February 2017 10601: 10595: 10523: 10369:from the original on 19 December 2007 10302: 10263: 10195:Research records (formerly PastScape) 10161:"Language in England and Wales: 2011" 10007: 9864:from the original on 12 December 2016 9810: 9798: 9732: 9720:from the original on 12 December 2016 9561: 9435: 9410:Materials for Architects and Builders 9407: 9274:"The eight City Regions of the North" 9091: 9065: 8916: 8873:from the original on 8 September 2016 8860: 8792: 8598: 7879:opened in 1992. Today there are four 7568:Bradford Lakshmi Narayan Hindu Temple 6821:amateur status in first-class cricket 6526:, 537 Northerners had played for the 6062:scene. Influential movements include 6058:Northern England also has a thriving 5148: 4719:Sheffield Brightside and Hillsborough 4292:Bilingual English/Chinese signage in 3958:forces until they were routed at the 468:. The region also coincides with the 18819: 18378:from the original on 9 February 2017 18337:from the original on 9 February 2017 18042:from the original on 21 October 2016 18038:. Visit England. 28 September 2015. 18036:"Getting to northern England by air" 17958: 17701:from the original on 13 January 2016 17581: 17441:from the original on 1 November 2016 17362:from the original on 11 October 2014 17233:from the original on 28 October 2016 17194:from the original on 27 January 2017 17123:Langton, John; Morris, R.J. (2002). 17100:T&T Clark Companion to Methodism 16640: 16532:from the original on 29 January 2017 16421:from the original on 3 December 2016 16321: 16188: 15927: 15899: 15774:from the original on 29 January 2009 15650: 15531:Cooper, Leonie (18 September 2006). 15419: 15201: 15122:. John Wiley and Sons. p. 327. 14911:"Of course food isn't grim up north" 14879: 14831:from the original on 1 December 2016 14730:. Harvard University Press. p. 14681:from the original on 12 January 2022 14667:Johnston, Philip (13 October 2020). 14570:from the original on 12 January 2022 14311: 14238:from the original on 12 October 2016 14130:from the original on 17 October 2015 13909: 13891:from the original on 10 October 2016 13821:from the original on 9 February 2017 13452:from the original on 4 February 2017 13439: 13402:. Leeds City Council. Archived from 13256:from the original on 29 January 2017 13210: 13180: 13159:from the original on 2 November 2016 13093: 13051: 12822:Faulconbridge, Guy (8 August 2018). 12793:"Housing crisis in northern England" 12403:from the original on 5 February 2016 12365:Lightfoot, Liz (11 September 2018). 12255:from the original on 12 January 2022 12117: 12081: 12033:"Religion in England and Wales 2011" 11749:from the original on 23 October 2015 11707: 11483: 11276: 11076:from the original on 15 October 2016 10945:Barrow, G. W. S. (2015). 10920:Oksanen, Eljas (13 September 2012). 10776:Aitcheson, James (12 October 2016). 10677: 10542: 10424: 10359:"Bronze Age boat "oldest in Europe"" 10234:from the original on 17 October 2015 10099:from the original on 15 October 2016 10019:from the original on 31 October 2016 9698:from the original on 11 October 2016 9618:International Journal of Climatology 9139:from the original on 21 October 2016 9109:from the original on 21 October 2016 9049: 9013:. Derek Ratcliffe. 26 January 2012. 8934: 8557: 8375:, and also includes the Isle of Man. 8327:Not to be confused with the town of 8315: 7455:Roman Catholic Church administration 7093:alternative to Labour in the North. 4752:. The loss of these funds following 4308:(spoken by 0.7% of the population), 4215:People's Republic of South Yorkshire 3593:The Historic county town strongholds 3211:speakers, while Manchester has most 2232: 17891:"Birkenhead marks historic tramway" 17831: 17803: 17724:. Taylor and Francis. p. 279. 17660:. Frances Lincoln Ltd. p. 14. 17485:"Faith in Leeds: Sikh temple visit" 17406:Bartlett, David (15 January 2010). 17308:. Education Committee. p. 114. 17009:from the original on 11 August 2010 16957:from the original on 27 August 2009 16855: 16836:Maxwell, Kieran (21 January 2021). 16716:"Prescott rules out regional polls" 16653:from the original on 16 March 2017. 16063: 15800:. London: Penguin. pp. 43–47. 15768:"Potting shed birth of oldest team" 15006:. Chelsea Green. pp. 167–170. 14817:Stanfield, Ted (30 November 2016). 14507:from the original on 22 August 2016 13922:from the original on 26 April 2016. 13310:. 22 September 2016. Archived from 13102:from the original on 9 October 2016 12925: 12761:Prothero, Richard (18 March 2016). 12671:from the original on 19 August 2016 12530:Fenton, Trevor (15 December 2016). 12298: 12286:from the original on 13 August 2016 12274:Andrews, Matthew (12 August 2016). 11474: 10970:Brown, Jonathan (14 January 2012). 10148: 9551:from the original on 18 March 2017. 9375: 8830:Corrigan, Phil (20 November 2015). 8797:. Taylor and Francis. p. 107. 7493:Resettlement of the Jews in England 7427:the entire North is covered by the 7354:and remains a place of pilgrimage. 6794:, when Yorkshire beat London-based 5999:The Harrogate Band playing in Leeds 5974:", a traditional Northern folk song 5198:coverage is similarly patchy, with 4723:more affordable than the UK average 4534:of leading research universities): 3878: 3586:Norman Conquest and the Middle Ages 2964:(usually represented in writing as 1105:material in lowland areas like the 24: 18734: 18598:Pettit, Paul; White, Mark (2012). 18280:"UK Port Freight Statistics: 2015" 18104:Christou, Luke (24 October 2022). 18085:from the original on 16 April 2016 17864:Dawson, Bethany (4 October 2023). 17774:. Thomas Telford. pp. 19–20. 17605:from the original on 10 March 2016 17263:from the original on 21 April 2012 16862:Hayward, Freddie (26 March 2021). 16563:from the original on 8 August 2016 16217:Newsum, Matt (19 September 2013). 16196:. Random House. pp. 423–424. 15975:Perraudin, Frances (2 July 2018). 15744:. 8 September 2017. Archived from 15056: 14921:from the original on 30 April 2017 14027:Brook, Stephen (3 December 2009). 13996:Peraudin, Francis (24 July 2016). 13689: 13574:from the original on 13 March 2017 13347:from the original on 29 April 2017 13039:from the original on 13 March 2017 12853:from the original on 6 August 2016 12730:Gregory, Sam (18 September 2018). 12640:from the original on 26 March 2016 12480:from the original on 29 April 2017 12449:from the original on 22 April 2017 12193:from the original on 15 March 2017 12130:from the original on 15 March 2017 12118:Kirk, Ashley (15 September 2015). 11984:from the original on 15 March 2017 11980:. Office for National Statistics. 11954:from the original on 15 March 2017 11923:from the original on 6 August 2016 11919:. Office for National Statistics. 11893:from the original on 4 August 2016 11889:. Office for National Statistics. 11689:from the original on 10 April 2017 11419: 11197:from the original on 19 April 2016 10788:from the original on 12 March 2017 9989:from the original on 25 April 2017 9931:Savill, Richard (3 January 2010). 9753:from the original on 16 March 2017 9160:"Plan to grow new Northern Forest" 9158:Harrabin, Roger (7 January 2018). 8716:. Walter de Gruyter. p. 122. 8496:Compton, Garnett (21 March 2013). 8270:Devolution to the North of England 7855:to the village of Summit, outside 7843:(partially open intermittently as 7777:, the first public railway to use 6827:fixture. Nevertheless, the annual 5515:independent, or affectionately as 5404:Steel-built landmarks of the North 4952:ended in 2015 with the closure of 4823:in the Pennine uplands is home to 4746:European Regional Development Fund 4701:which extends from north Leeds to 4088:Baltic Centre for Contemporary Art 4035:Liverpool Maritime Mercantile City 3175: 25: 19638: 18771: 18707:The Northern Powerhouse in Action 18260:from the original on 30 July 2016 17923:. A&C Black. pp. 20–21. 17693:Rogers, Simon (1 February 2013). 17557:from the original on 6 March 2017 17350:Burnell, Paul (18 January 2014). 16906:from the original on 21 June 2022 16787:from the original on 4 March 2017 16757:from the original on 4 March 2017 16745:Waterson, Jim (30 October 2016). 16726:from the original on 14 June 2006 16689:Al-Othman, Hannah (9 June 2017). 16597:from the original on 28 June 2016 16026:from the original on 21 June 2022 15826:The F.A. Cup – The Complete Story 15573:from the original on 9 March 2017 15543:from the original on 9 March 2017 15512:from the original on 9 March 2017 15432:from the original on 9 March 2017 15401:from the original on 9 March 2017 15323:from the original on 4 April 2017 15157:from the original on 21 June 2022 15038:from the original on 2 April 2016 14983:from the original on 4 March 2016 14861:from the original on 1 April 2016 14537:from the original on 19 July 2016 14495:Mangan, Lucy (2 September 2015). 14321:Mayhew, Freddy (25 August 2016). 14271:from the original on 21 June 2022 14208:from the original on 9 March 2017 14097:from the original on 9 March 2017 14066:from the original on 9 March 2017 14035:from the original on 9 March 2017 14008:from the original on 9 March 2017 13879:Prescott, Cecil (4 August 2016). 13640:Easdown, Martin (November 2009). 13366:Bounds, Andrew (13 August 2015). 13147:Ledger, John (21 December 2015). 12189:. Office of National Statistics. 12069:from the original on 19 June 2016 11658:from the original on 4 March 2017 11398:from the original on 17 July 2016 11167:from the original on 6 April 2016 10528:. Cambridge Scholars. p. 8. 10392:. Oxbow Books. pp. 116–118. 10339:from the original on 6 March 2017 10284:from the original on 6 March 2017 10093:The Northumbrian Language Society 10067:. By Waterhouse, Keith. Penguin. 9520:from the original on 30 July 2016 9358:"Which is England's second city?" 9254:from the original on 22 July 2016 9075:. Natural England. Archived from 8989:from the original on 4 March 2017 7904:St Helens Central railway station 6541: 6117:has a rock scene stretching from 3771:. Other Cistercian abbeys are at 3755:, now another World Heritage Site 2329:Northern England has a cool, wet 1721:Due to differing definitions and 1142:the ten national parks in England 789:of northern cities. Towns in the 499:The North is a grouping of three 18777: 18390: 18349: 18297: 18240: 18216: 18149: 18123: 18097: 18066: 18028: 17978: 17952: 17883: 17857: 17763: 17738: 17713: 17686: 17617: 17591:Transport for the North (2016). 17523:from the original on 11 May 2008 17504: 17476: 17422: 17374: 17343: 17331:from the original on 18 May 2016 17312: 17297: 17275: 17245: 17219: 17141: 17116: 17091: 17077:(3rd ed.). B. T. Batsford. 17046: 17021: 16995: 16969: 16943: 16918: 16890:Drury, Colin (3 November 2020). 16883: 16829: 16799: 16769: 16738: 16708: 16682: 16657: 16634: 16609: 16575: 16544: 16486: 16472:. Psychology Press. p. 37. 16461: 16433: 16371: 16346: 16299:"The Importance of Being Orwell" 16276:. Random House. pp. 64–65. 16262: 16236: 16210: 16161:Sport and the English, 1918–1939 16122: 16110:from the original on 4 June 2016 16092: 16038: 15968: 15953: 15893: 15868: 15730: 15704: 15685:McKeegan, Alice (15 July 2014). 15678: 15644: 15585: 15565:Glenn, Alan (12 February 2013). 15524: 15494: 15469: 15444: 15413: 15354: 15278: 15266:from the original on 5 June 2016 15254:"Teesside's fast food sensation" 15246: 15220: 15195: 15169: 15136: 15111: 15083: 15059:"A Northern Bonfire Night treat" 15050: 15020: 14995: 14969: 14873: 14810: 14785: 14776: 14717: 14660: 14634: 14608: 14582: 14549: 14519: 14488: 14463: 14426: 14384: 14250: 14220: 14190: 14165: 14142: 14078: 14047: 14020: 13956: 13926: 13903: 13872: 13848:from the original on 11 May 2017 13833: 13803: 13767: 13718: 13683: 13633: 13608: 13593:Fulton, Kane (4 November 2015). 13586: 13556: 13513: 13487:Bounds, Andrew (15 March 2016). 13433: 13392: 13359: 13329: 13293: 13268: 13204: 13140: 13114: 13087: 12987: 12961: 12934: 12896: 12865: 12834: 12815: 12785: 12773:from the original on 23 May 2016 12754: 12723: 12695:The Rise of the English Regions? 12652: 12621: 12599: 12554: 12523: 12499:Watson, Bob (15 February 2017). 12492: 12468:Watson, Bob (15 February 2017). 12461: 12431: 12415: 12384: 12358: 12329: 12267: 12149:Ellis, Amy; Fry, Robert (2010). 12142: 12111: 12095:. September 2015. Archived from 12051: 12025: 12013:. Office for National Statistics 11966: 11942:White, Emma (11 December 2012). 11935: 11905: 11875: 11844: 11819: 11794: 11761: 11731: 11701: 11670: 11609: 11585:from the original on 28 May 2016 11567: 11542: 11517: 11502: 11443: 11386:Kelly, Mike (23 December 2014). 11379: 11348: 11323: 11298: 11270: 11240: 11179: 11149: 11088: 11028: 10994: 10963: 10938: 10913: 10887: 10844: 9943:from the original on 22 May 2016 9562:Lomas, Kenny (2 November 2015). 9199:from the original on 20 May 2016 8977:Kirkup, James (8 January 2015). 8953:from the original on 20 May 2016 8465: 8456: 8447: 8438: 8429: 8420: 8234: 8220: 8117: 8103: 8008: 7994: 7980: 7966: 7952: 7938: 7931: 7910: 7896: 7783:Liverpool and Manchester Railway 7742: 7728: 7638:, opened in 1958, was the first 7596:Transport for Greater Manchester 7260:Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral 7252: 7234: 7223: 7214: 6923: 6909: 6893: 6879: 6863: 6849: 6731: 6713: 6693: 6594: 6574: 6556: 6538:squad, were born in the region. 6374: 6354: 6336: 6316: 6298: 5992: 5980: 5740: 5726: 5710: 5692: 5468: 5462:Middlesbrough Transporter Bridge 5454: 5438: 5424: 5410: 4759: 4562:(also in the Russell Group) and 4505: 4490: 4474: 4459: 4443: 4428: 4141:of 1940–1941 saw major raids on 3687: 3673: 3659: 3643: 3629: 3613: 3599: 2812:(Northumberland and Durham) and 1731:Greater Manchester Built-up Area 1400: 1390: 1347: 1337: 952: 938: 924: 910: 896: 889: 833:and Staffordshire are served by 795:Greater Manchester Built-Up Area 734:, County Durham, Lancashire and 708: 696: 97: 77: 57: 18625:. Manchester University Press. 18559:. Manchester University Press. 18192:Aldcroft, Derek Howard (1983). 17961:"Last Day Glasgow Tram Tickets" 17545:Caunce, Stephen (8 July 2015). 16817:from the original on 9 May 2016 16010:Hadfield, Dave (28 July 2003). 15992:The Guardian's figure includes 15828:. Aurum Press. pp. 22–24. 15824:Lloyd, Guy; Holt, Nick (2005). 15651:Vine, Andrew (12 August 2014). 15612:"Sport and the Working Classes" 15176:Martin, Andrew (21 July 2003). 14909:Naylor, Tony (6 January 2015). 14705:Freeman, Sarah (28 July 2013). 14556:Quantick, David (20 May 2016). 13223:from the original on 6 May 2016 12884:from the original on 7 May 2017 12841:Dunford, Daniel (1 June 2016). 12628:Dudman, Jane (2 October 2015). 11768:Evans, Judith (15 March 2016). 11677:Coman, Julian (14 April 2013). 11654:. Translated by Waine, Oliver. 11422:"Liverpool as a Diasporic City" 11248:"Iron and Steelworks in Barrow" 11216:Caunce, Stephen (9 July 2015). 11187:"Civil War in Northern England" 11157:"The Second Bishops' War, 1640" 10741: 10711: 10686: 10671: 10646: 10620: 10579:Wales and the Britons, 350–1064 10577:Charles-Edwards, T. M. (2013). 10570: 10517: 10492: 10478: 10463: 10443: 10418: 10381: 10351: 10321: 10296: 10220: 10111: 10081: 10056: 10031: 10001: 9924: 9844: 9804: 9765: 9652: 9605: 9598:Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) 9581: 9555: 9532: 9454: 9438:The First Industrial Revolution 9401: 9349: 9266: 9187:Caunce, Stephen (7 July 2015). 9121: 9001: 8885: 8854: 8823: 8786: 8755: 8669: 8558:Park, Neil (21 December 2022). 8500:. Office of National Statistics 8395: 8378: 8361: 8352: 8343: 8334: 8321: 8125:Newcastle International Airport 7775:Stockton and Darlington Railway 7761:The North of England pioneered 7468: 7205: 7146:Campaigns for Northern English 6499:are among the mainstays of the 6278:. Tyneside meanwhile hosts the 6053:Whit Friday brass band contests 5794:traditional Grimsby smoked fish 5166:Manchester Network Access Point 4742:European Union Structural Funds 4247: 3980:industrial World Heritage Sites 3385:(modern Chester) were the main 2912:near-open front unrounded vowel 971:Various "gateways" to the North 18646:. Cambridge University Press. 18130:Clark, Andrew (1 April 2013). 17483:Hudson, Neil (12 March 2010). 17098:Yrigoyen, Charles Jr. (2014). 16073:Eykyn, Alastair (4 May 2011). 15928:Liew, Jonathan (15 May 2015). 15311:Heward, Emily (2 April 2017). 14085:Graham, Alison (13 May 2015). 14054:Allen, Liam (30 August 2011). 13727:Coastal Towns: Session 2005–06 13520:Hudson, Alex (10 March 2011). 13440:Jupp, Alan (27 October 2015). 13211:Ford, Coreena (4 March 2016). 13033:Office for National Statistics 13000:Office for National Statistics 12973:Office for National Statistics 12767:Office for National Statistics 12611:Office for National Statistics 12561:IPPR North (12 January 2017). 12505:Office for National Statistics 12474:Office for National Statistics 12443:Office for National Statistics 12391:Coughlan, Sean (8 July 2011). 11948:Office for National Statistics 11857:Office for National Statistics 11714:, Clear Publications, p. 11646:Bailoni, Mark (2 April 2014). 11509:Newbury, Frank Davies (1945). 11450:Hopley, Clare (12 June 2016). 11334:. Liverpool University Press. 11040:England's Immigrants 1350–1550 10949:. Edinburgh University Press. 9398:(needs a more direct citation) 9383:"2011 Census – Built-up areas" 9356:jonnelledge (7 October 2019). 8941:Harrison, Ben (8 March 2016). 8619: 8564:Office for National Statistics 8540: 8512: 8489: 7765:. Milestones include the 1758 7431:, which is represented by the 7165:against a No vote of 78%. The 7045:. Since the Thatcher era, the 5790:traditional Cumberland sausage 5139:national museums and galleries 4950:deep-pit coal mining in the UK 3997:industrial textile manufacture 3769:Dissolution of the Monasteries 3349:The Brigantes allied with the 3342:of modern-day Cumbria and the 3016:(common in the North East) or 2804:(Cumberland and Westmorland), 1277:Office for National Statistics 604: 436:and mainly corresponds to the 27:Cultural area of Great Britain 13: 1: 17815:Barrow, Keith (12 May 2015). 17749:. Policy Press. p. 163. 16939:– via Internet Archive. 16379:"TRADE UNION MEMBERSHIP 2015" 16247:. Routledge. pp. 87–91. 15960:Smith, Adam (20 March 2016). 15711:Delves, Joseph (2 May 2017). 15480:. Random House. p. 186. 15288:. ITV News. 10 October 2016. 14880:Osuh, Chris (19 April 2010). 14412:10.1080/14797585.2015.1134056 14400:Journal for Cultural Research 14257:Horrie, Chris (29 May 1999). 14149:Collin, Joe (9 August 2013). 13910:Hill, Anthony (4 July 2013). 13885:Office of National Statistics 12536:Office of National Statistics 11851:Stokes, Peter (16 May 2013). 11711:Detonation: Rebirth of a City 10606:. Routledge. pp. 60–61. 10486:The Cambridge Ancient History 9979:"The A-Z of northern fiction" 9688:"North East England: climate" 9050:Usai, Maria Raimonda (2005). 8524:archive.british-history.ac.uk 8477: 8401:In this context "Dane", from 8111:Liverpool John Lennon Airport 7697:. These small streets can be 7588:passenger transport executive 7194: 7098:2016 EU membership referendum 5914:is one example, derived from 5786:Protected Geographical Status 5296: 5214: 3978:, West Yorkshire, one of two 3405:, which was the northernmost 3263:, Cumbria shows signs of the 3051: 2356:across the British Isles are 2325:Climate of the United Kingdom 884:" as opposed to "the North". 685:within the ceremonial county 18514:Researching Northern English 18488:Harding, D. W. (2004). 18420:General and cited references 18305:"Liverpool Birkenhead Ferry" 17511:Evans, Fiona (15 May 2006). 17431:"UK Mosque/Masjid Directory" 17003:"The history of The Gospels" 16616:Goodwin, Matthew J. (2011). 16551:Wigmore, Tim (4 July 2016). 15092:The Oxford Companion to Food 13840:Kreps, David (11 May 2017). 13094:Lane, Megan (9 March 2011). 12063:British Humanist Association 11330:MacRaild, Donald M. (2005). 10653:Machan, Tim William (2016). 10427:A Companion to Roman Britain 9775:An Atlas of English Dialects 9467:. Psychology Press. p. 9010:A Nature Conservation Review 8861:Moore, Alex (29 July 2016). 8482: 7918:Huddersfield railway station 7835:line in the UK was built in 7573: 7400:, 1,200 Roman Catholic, 370 6638:, 11 of the 12 teams in the 6470:banned it altogether in 1921 6016:, with styles including the 4419: 4334:British Humanist Association 4301:English as a second language 4283: 4211:Militant-dominated Liverpool 3467:end of Roman rule in Britain 3074:I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud 2828:(Great Northern Coalfield), 1735:West Yorkshire Built-up Area 1150:Northumberland National Park 625:. This area consists of the 581:, music, arts, and cuisine. 51:North of England / the North 7: 19352:English language in England 19347:Innovations and discoveries 19071:Postwar Britain (1945–1979) 18751:Wainwright, Martin (2009). 18670:. Department for Transport. 18604:. Abingdon, UK: Routledge. 17458:British Religion in Numbers 17153:British Religion in Numbers 15420:Pidd, Helen (2 June 2015). 14851:"BBC Style Genius: Casuals" 14758:Richmond, Vivienne (2013). 13644:. Casemate. pp. 9–13. 10814:Rural settlement in Britain 10778:"The Harrying of the North" 9778:. Oxford University Press. 9133:Lake District National Park 8248: 7501:Manchester Reform Synagogue 7185:Northern Independence Party 6834: 6725:Old Trafford Cricket Ground 6274:cycling event, part of the 5938:, and communities from the 5878:movement which popularised 5620:, while women would wear a 5598: 5553:Mayor of Greater Manchester 5243:in the Yorkshire Dales and 5046:Advanced Manufacturing Park 5042:National Graphene Institute 5000:, and the Manchester-based 4482:Sheffield Hallam University 4414:England during the pandemic 4323: 2647:Average precipitation days 2503:Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 2433:Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 2272:and the distinctive purple 10: 19643: 18746:. Eyre & Spottiswoode. 18467:Ehland, Christoph (2007). 18016:. Civil Aviation Authority 17720:Hensher, David A. (1991). 17304:Frangopulo, N. J. (1962). 17282:Makin, Rex (5 July 2008). 17053:Palgrave, Francis (1831). 16641:Tran, Mark (8 June 2009). 14882:"Hats off to the flat cap" 14724:Meacham, Standish (1977). 13669:. Routledge. p. 395. 13181:John, Tara (6 June 2016). 12697:. Routledge. p. 149. 12059:"The Census Campaign 2011" 11579:Merseyside Maritime Museum 11553:. Routledge. p. 270. 11357:"Manchester: Migrant city" 11127:"The Council of the North" 10972:"War Of The Roses Part II" 10810:Roberts, Brian K. (1977). 10748:Pulsiano, Phillip (1993). 10604:The Earliest English Kings 10191:"Rudston Monolith (79482)" 9412:. Routledge. p. 326. 8170:Aire and Calder Navigation 7566:, of which the largest is 7552:Liverpool Muslim Institute 7499:: the now-demolished 1857 7453:, the North is covered in 7198: 6838: 6684: 6545: 6404:Football Association Rules 6252:Manchester Aquatics Centre 6248:City of Manchester Stadium 5918:brought to the area by an 5683: 5583:. As well as parts of the 5089:near Newcastle, Whitby in 4900:Jaguar Land Rover Halewood 4664: 4467:University of Huddersfield 3928:Wars of the Three Kingdoms 3407:border of the Roman Empire 3367:Quintus Petillius Cerialis 3218: 3186:Brythonic Celtic languages 3032:("me car") and some treat 2781: 2758: 2753: 2740: 2383: 2322: 2318: 2250:South Yorkshire Coalfields 1389: 1336: 1285: 1220:, taking in the cities of 1036: 756:Survey of English Dialects 123:Yorkshire & The Humber 31: 19565: 19489: 19404: 19282: 19278: 19269: 19225: 19216: 19164: 19155: 19125: 19089: 19063: 19030: 18972: 18941: 18893: 18837: 18828: 18661:Highways England (2016). 17770:Smith, Adrian J. (1999). 17381:Oppenheim, Janet (1988). 15796:Goldblatt, David (2007). 14796:. Springer. p. 123. 14707:"The cap that rose again" 13963:Farrington, John (2015). 11066:"The Pilgrimage of Grace" 10895:"Fountains Abbey History" 10723:Yorkshire Dialect Society 9545:British Geological Survey 8388:, across what is now the 8242:Leeds and Liverpool Canal 8228:Liverpool Cruise Terminal 8205:Liverpool Cruise Terminal 8144:coalfields. By 1777, the 7385:that ultimately produced 7362:of Northern England. The 7246:Anglican Province of York 6984:philosophy. Expounded by 6917:Crewe Municipal Buildings 4865:and establishment of the 4803:, which grow better than 4782:Agriculture and fisheries 4530:institutions (all in the 4359: 3847:, including the decisive 3736:of two million. When the 3713:Battle of Stamford Bridge 3355:Roman conquest of Britain 2880:sound in words that end - 2693: 2646: 2572: 2502: 2432: 2427: 2424: 2421: 2418: 2415: 2412: 2409: 2406: 2403: 2400: 2397: 2394: 2391: 2388: 402: 385: 375: 364: 353: 349:400/km (1,000/sq mi) 345: 337: 332: 324: 319: 253: 207: 128: 110: 90: 72: 56: 46: 19431:The Football Association 18511:Hickey, Raymond (2015). 17028:Thomas, Hugh M. (2014). 16813:. Electoral Commission. 16328:Moore, James R. (2006). 15875:Taylor, Matthew (2005). 15770:. BBC. 24 October 2007. 15640:. Cavallioti Publishers. 15476:Weight, Richard (2013). 15002:Kindstedt, Paul (2012). 14437:. Infobase. p. 27. 13564:"The UK's tech clusters" 12345:Department for Education 11620:. SAGE. pp. 73–74. 11018:The Buildings of England 10042:. Springer. p. 20. 9801:, pp. 43–45, 55–59. 9660:"UK climate regions map" 9593:"ICL Boulby Potash Mine" 8131: 7841:opened on 30 August 1860 7822:Northern Powerhouse Rail 7437:Archbishop of Canterbury 6792:1924 County Championship 6203:, put great emphasis on 6144: 5957: 5868:Samuel Smith Old Brewery 5802:Yorkshire forced rhubarb 5446:Manchester Beetham Tower 5266:Our Friends in the North 5260:Boys from the Blackstuff 5209: 5085:in northern Lancashire, 4885:Manufacturing and energy 4773:under the government of 4750:European Investment Bank 4451:University of Manchester 4410:Great Lockdown recession 4242:1996 Manchester bombings 3986:At the beginning of the 3733:systematically destroyed 3417:Anglo-Saxons and Vikings 2953:), the reduction of the 2784:Northern England English 2335:subpolar oceanic climate 1592:East Riding of Yorkshire 1175: 1160:, and its deepest lake, 643:East Riding of Yorkshire 623:Yorkshire and the Humber 513:Yorkshire and the Humber 245:York and North Yorkshire 18916:History of Anglo-Saxons 18742:Turner, Graham (1967). 18532:Holder, Judith (2005). 17656:Goddard, Frank (2004). 17325:Manchester Evening News 16522:"EU referendum results" 16357:. Springer. p. 7. 16274:And God Created Cricket 15691:Manchester Evening News 15636:Townson, Nigel (1997). 15317:Manchester Evening News 15096:Oxford University Press 15090:Davidson, Alan (2006), 14979:. European Commission. 14886:Manchester Evening News 14470:Dawson, Andrew (2011). 13446:Manchester Evening News 12912:University of Sheffield 12316:N8 Research Partnership 12093:British Election Survey 11743:Manchester Evening News 11616:Laird, Siobhan (2008). 11305:Evans, Eric J. (2006). 10693:Roesdahl, Else (1998). 10470:Shotter, David (2012). 10258:Pettit & White 2012 10215:Pettit & White 2012 9811:Wells, John C. (1982). 8892:Simon Armitage (2009). 8768:Eyre & Spottiswoode 8762:Turner, Graham (1967). 8682:University of Sheffield 8676:Dorling, Danny (2007). 8627:"Gazetteer of Cheshire" 8260:Convention of the North 7806:Department of Transport 7756: 7713:municipal bus companies 7629: 7626:throughout the region. 7620:Transport for the North 7463:Archbishop of Liverpool 7346:at the request of King 7277:Archbishop of Liverpool 7140:2009 European elections 7102:North East Lincolnshire 7063:Manchester City Council 6871:South Shields Town Hall 6784:Marylebone Cricket Club 6548:History of Rugby League 6534:, as well as 14 of the 6256:National Cycling Centre 6244:2002 Commonwealth Games 6082:, the precursor to the 6026:Northumbrian smallpipes 5362:Manchester Evening News 5309:The Manchester Guardian 5188:Broadband 4 Rural North 5170:internet exchange point 4912:Hitachi Newton Aycliffe 4896:Vauxhall Ellesmere Port 4875:Common Fisheries Policy 4867:exclusive economic zone 4846:Small fishing boats at 4632:Manchester Metropolitan 4568:N8 Research Partnership 4556:plateglass universities 4234:Warrington bomb attacks 4220:The region saw several 4043:Great Famine in Ireland 3948:First English Civil War 3469:and the arrival of the 3314:Iron Age and the Romans 3084:authors: the poetry of 2876:and substitution of an 2297:Salt mining in Cheshire 683:North East Lincolnshire 534:distinct from both the 19242:Elizabethan government 19107:Kingdom of East Anglia 19102:Kingdom of Northumbria 18619:Russell, Dave (2004). 18553:Jewell, Helen (1994). 18535:It's Not Grim Up North 18473:. Editions Rodopi BV. 18446:Dobson, R. B. (1996). 17919:Royle, Edward (2016). 17490:Yorkshire Evening Post 16953:. Lindisfarne.org.uk. 16497:. ECPR. p. xxix. 16468:Powell, David (2004). 14391:Spacken, Karl (2016). 13916:broadbandchoices.co.uk 13252:. HMRC. 4 March 2017. 13063:Hopkins, Alan (2008). 12994:James, Nicola (2009). 11524:Wheeler, Mark (1998). 9492:. 2006. Archived from 9408:Lyons, Arthur (2014). 8069:Carlisle Lake District 7924: 7863:. With the closure of 7820:around Manchester and 7604:Travel South Yorkshire 7539: 7527:Christian Spiritualist 7480: 7478:Princes Road Synagogue 7368:calculations of Easter 7320: 7128:British National Party 7071:Sheffield City Council 7067:Newcastle City Council 7059:Liverpool City Council 7030: 7028: Liberal Democrat 6968:The Road to Wigan Pier 6536:2019 Women's World Cup 6242:Manchester hosted the 6185: 6165: 6160:with the long-running 5975: 5952:Middle Eastern cuisine 5608: 5536: 5253:saved ITV Yorkshire's 5162: 5122:the regional average. 5077: 5027:High-tech and research 4981: 4850: 4833:Cumbria Wildlife Trust 4825:driven grouse shooting 4795: 4570:. The universities of 4554:. These six, plus the 4513:University of Bradford 4469:Creative Arts Building 4369: 4296: 4257: 4203:1984–85 miners' strike 4095: 4038: 3983: 3960:Battle of Marston Moor 3837:The Great Raid of 1322 3832:Earl of Northumberland 3826:that followed, Prince 3756: 3582:all have Norse roots. 3546:in town names such as 3462: 3425:Great Britain in 878: 3327: 3247:in Europe is found at 3236: 3088:and the novels of the 3077: 2794:local Celtic languages 2779: 2345:) and rainiest point ( 1188: 1137: 1125:which drains into the 1051: 742:(the line between the 722:Other definitions use 554:, and its eastern the 19448:Rugby Football League 18931:Settlement of Britain 18640:Wales, Katie (2006). 18253:Canal and River Trust 17959:Pool, Robert (2014). 17798:Highways England 2016 17681:Highways England 2016 17576:Highways England 2016 17429:Naqshbandi, Mehmood. 17418:on 30 September 2012. 17059:. Harvard University. 16925:Magee, Brian (1938). 16417:. 18 September 2013. 16046:"Rugby League tables" 14792:Reilly, Kara (2013). 13784:. TNS. Archived from 13615:Walton, John (1978). 12613:. 30 September 2015. 11486:The Australian People 11022:Yale University Press 10602:Kirby, D. P. (1991). 10230:. Durham University. 10118:Distin, Kate (2010). 9852:"The TRAP~BATH Split" 9436:Deane, P. M. (1979). 8151:Manchester Ship Canal 8042:Liverpool John Lennon 7889:Tyne & Wear Metro 7537:Bradford Grand Mosque 7535: 7476: 7461:, represented by the 7459:Province of Liverpool 7451:Diocese of Nottingham 7447:Diocese of Shrewsbury 7398:Independent Methodist 7344:Bishop of Lindisfarne 7330:. The Holy Island of 7288: 7117:2015 general election 7113:UK Independence Party 7075:2019 general election 7035:Trades Union Congress 7009:2019 general election 7006: 6973:Manchester Liberalism 6943:and, more generally, 6776:Red Rose of Lancaster 6651:1979 New Zealand tour 6620:Rugby Football League 6171: 6152: 5969: 5884:dandelion and burdock 5806:Yorkshire Wensleydale 5606: 5593:song of the same name 5530: 5334:Hillsborough disaster 5290:Last Tango in Halifax 5183:its telephone network 5156: 5075: 4986:Big Four supermarkets 4979: 4845: 4790:Sheep, such as these 4789: 4628:Liverpool John Moores 4498:University of Chester 4367: 4291: 4278:Blackburn with Darwen 4255: 4112:interwar unemployment 4085: 4061:riots and Protestant 4029: 3988:Industrial Revolution 3973: 3966:Industrial Revolution 3824:the 1139 peace treaty 3750: 3729:Harrying of the North 3717:William the Conqueror 3424: 3321: 3231: 3224:The prehistoric North 3169:A Kestrel for a Knave 3094:children's literature 3059: 2766: 2264:seen in buildings in 1265:Hull and Humber Ports 1183: 1135: 1046: 1009:– the Yorkshire poet 878:Redcliffe-Maud Report 861:includes most of the 823:Sheffield City Region 811:North East Derbyshire 805:. More recently, the 571:Manchester Liberalism 563:Industrial Revolution 404: • Summer ( 220:Liverpool City Region 19617:Geography of England 19465:Rugby Football Union 19133:House of Plantagenet 18786:at Wikimedia Commons 18691:on 10 September 2015 17412:Liverpool Daily Post 16807:"The Northern Party" 16526:Electoral Commission 16130:"Rugby Union tables" 15391:Scott, Jack (1970). 15202:Long, David (2015). 15032:British Cheese Board 14957:on 22 September 2013 14228:"Titles at a glance" 13665:Evans, Eric (2014). 13343:. 18 December 2015. 13035:. 20 December 2016. 12445:. 14 December 2016. 12280:University Histories 11163:. 24 November 2010. 10719:"Viking Place Names" 10678:Lass, Roger (1994). 10280:. 19 December 2011. 10217:, pp. 489, 497. 10038:Wallace, D. (2004). 8795:Reading the Everyday 8024:class=notpageimage| 7877:Manchester Metrolink 7831:The first passenger 7814:TransPennine Express 7804:To combat this, the 7624:integrated ticketing 7612:West Yorkshire Metro 7055:2021 local elections 6798:to claim the title. 6616:Rugby Football Union 6458:Football Association 6431:, and the next year 6328:Old Trafford Stadium 6290:Association football 6209:association football 6162:Burial of the Coffin 6030:music of Northumbria 5585:East Midlands Region 5523:"It's grim up north" 5510:families, where the 5397:Culture and identity 4998:cooperative movement 4966:hydraulic fracturing 4942:Offshore oil and gas 4926:oil refineries, the 4827:from 12 August (the 4524:University of Durham 4274:Redcar and Cleveland 3917:Council of the North 3198:between English and 3182:Northumbrian dialect 3111:Swallows and Amazons 3099:The Railway Children 3068:are immortalised in 2866:Northumbrian dialect 2749:Language and dialect 2333:with small areas of 1981:Ashton-in-Makerfield 1770:Primary settlements 1039:Geography of England 1033:Geography and cities 968:class=notpageimage| 851:part of Lincolnshire 593:remains in both the 579:accents and dialects 544:border with Scotland 526:Northern England is 346: • Density 19017:Union with Scotland 18997:English Reformation 18992:English Renaissance 18921:Anglo-Saxon England 18704:IPPR North (2016). 18675:IPPR North (2012). 18427:Cockin, K. (2012). 18170:on 11 December 2022 18063:, pp. 117–120. 17845:on 20 December 2016 17517:Telegraph and Argus 17257:Jewish Encyclopedia 17071:Mayr-Harting, Henry 16722:. 8 November 2004. 16585:(2 December 2015). 16106:. 5 November 2000. 15344:Canadian Folk Music 15262:. 6 November 2007. 14648:. 20 September 2017 13752:, pp. 239–240. 13430:, pp. 190–192. 13380:on 11 December 2022 12575:on 25 February 2021 12249:The Daily Telegraph 11913:"National identity" 11511:Roots of Employment 11392:Newcastle Chronicle 11112:, pp. 177–178. 11072:. 2 December 2014. 10901:on 25 February 2012 10865:1969GeoRv..59..403D 10853:Geographical Review 10333:Current Archaeology 10260:, pp. 480–481. 10145:, pp. 459–469. 9857:The British Library 9716:. 10 October 2016. 9694:. 10 October 2016. 9630:2005IJCli..25.1965H 9516:. 9 February 2012. 9129:"Facts and Figures" 9105:. 14 October 2015. 8842:on 21 November 2015 8793:Moran, Joe (2005). 8077:low-cost air travel 8073:Doncaster Sheffield 7885:Sheffield Supertram 7795:Cross Country Route 7793:main lines and the 7608:Nexus Tyne and Wear 7387:Primitive Methodism 7352:Lindisfarne Gospels 7328:Celtic Christianity 7318: More than 20% 7201:Religion in England 7159:regional assemblies 7132:2001 Bradford riots 6990:Manchester Guardian 6887:Liverpool Town Hall 6841:Politics of England 6825:Gentlemen v Players 6813:County Championship 6671:English Premiership 6582:Huddersfield Giants 6503:, while teams like 6268:2014 Tour de France 5940:Indian subcontinent 5903:, the bakery chain 5860:Newcastle Brown Ale 5748:Newcastle Brown Ale 5543:is associated with 5533:Durham Miners' Gala 5380:Newcastle Chronicle 5105:over the border in 5068:Leisure and tourism 4972:Retail and services 4954:Kellingley Colliery 4946:offshore wind power 4891:trade more balanced 4771:austerity programme 4738:Northern Powerhouse 4584:University Alliance 4528:redbrick university 4436:University of Leeds 4386:respiratory disease 4382:circulatory disease 4294:Liverpool Chinatown 4213:and the so-called " 4207:metropolitan county 4188:Indian subcontinent 4133:attacks during the 4116:1926 general strike 3932:Second Bishops' War 3909:Rising of the North 3897:Pilgrimage of Grace 3889:Lincolnshire Rising 3885:English Reformation 3869:Anglo-Scottish Wars 3849:Battle of Wakefield 3707:by the Anglo-Saxon 3346:of east Yorkshire. 3324:World Heritage Site 3310:raising livestock. 3265:Federmesser culture 3257:Creswellian culture 3200:immigrant languages 2914:) in words such as 2798:dialectal continuum 2767:The vowel sound in 2741:Source: Met Office 2009:Newcastle upon Tyne 1745: 1553:Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1198:Newcastle upon Tyne 627:ceremonial counties 611:statistical regions 501:statistical regions 286:Newcastle-upon-Tyne 92:Constituent country 19627:Regions of England 19546:Saint George's Day 19138:House of Lancaster 18949:Kingdom of England 18850:History of England 18755:. Guardian Books. 18517:. John Benjamins. 18429:The Literary North 18110:Airport Technology 17897:. 1 September 2010 17435:Muslims in Britain 17056:History of England 16449:. 12 December 2019 15900:Tate, Tim (2013). 15610:Dobre-Laza, Mona. 15363:Folk Music Journal 15206:. Michael O'Mara. 14622:. 6 September 2007 14596:. 26 November 2014 13940:. 25 August 2016. 13700:Reviews in History 13406:on 18 January 2017 13075:on 29 October 2016 12975:. 14 December 2016 12949:on 10 January 2016 11883:"Country of birth" 11708:King, Ray (2006), 11252:Barrow Dock Museum 10947:Kingship and Unity 10278:University of York 10246:radiocarbon dating 10120:Cultural Evolution 10011:(26 August 2016). 9813:Accents of English 9284:on 9 February 2007 8688:on 4 November 2016 8092:Air Passenger Duty 8090:The devolution of 7845:a heritage tramway 7736:Oldham Bus Station 7658:became the modern 7540: 7489:Edict of Expulsion 7481: 7433:Archbishop of York 7410:Particular Baptist 7321: 7294: Less than 3% 7273:Archbishop of York 7271:Cathedrals of the 7069:, and only one on 7047:Conservative Party 7031: 7022: Conservative 6901:Bradford City Hall 6780:White Rose of York 6743:Headingley Stadium 6258:, headquarters of 6186: 6184:for a local derby. 6166: 6037:British brass band 6018:Lancashire bagpipe 5976: 5609: 5569:Greater Manchester 5541:it's grim up north 5537: 5512:woman of the house 5432:Angel of the North 5385:The Yorkshire Post 5314:The Yorkshire Post 5190:in Lancashire and 5177:, while in nearby 5163: 5149:Telecommunications 5078: 5017:financial services 5013:corporate services 5002:Co-operative Group 4982: 4851: 4796: 4572:Central Lancashire 4370: 4346:non-denominational 4318:variety of Chinese 4297: 4258: 4096: 4039: 4033:, now part of the 3984: 3934:, and at the 1640 3873:Berwick-upon-Tweed 3783:. The 7th-century 3757: 3721:Battle of Hastings 3463: 3371:Britannia Inferior 3328: 3237: 3163:This Sporting Life 3142:Jeanette Winterson 3086:William Wordsworth 3078: 2851:and across to the 2780: 2375:Clean Air Act 1956 2173:Kingston upon Hull 2159:Kingston upon Hull 2149:Houghton-le-Spring 1779:Greater Manchester 1740: 1710:Greater Manchester 1676:Greater Manchester 1642:Greater Manchester 1626:Greater Manchester 1587:Kingston upon Hull 1574:Greater Manchester 1490:Greater Manchester 1249:Central Lancashire 1194:Kingston upon Hull 1189: 1138: 1121:: a large area of 1052: 827:Bassetlaw District 730:, Northumberland, 679:North Lincolnshire 647:Greater Manchester 619:North West England 615:North East England 591:North–South divide 583:Industrial decline 546:, its western the 481:Anglo-Scandinavian 338: • Total 325: • Total 291:Kingston upon Hull 215:Greater Manchester 151:Greater Manchester 119:North West England 115:North East England 19594: 19593: 19561: 19560: 19485: 19484: 19391:Science education 19384:Church of England 19265: 19264: 19212: 19211: 19151: 19150: 19117:Kingdom of Sussex 19112:Kingdom of Mercia 18964:Wars of the Roses 18782:Media related to 18762:978-0-85265-113-1 18744:The North Country 18653:978-0-511-48707-1 18632:978-0-7190-5178-4 18611:978-0-415-67455-3 18590:978-0-09-191022-8 18566:978-0-7190-3804-4 18545:978-0-563-52281-2 18524:978-90-272-6767-2 18503:978-1-134-41786-5 18480:978-90-420-2281-2 18459:978-1-85285-120-0 18452:. A&C Black. 18438:978-1-137-02687-3 18357:"Newcastle Ferry" 18316:"Liverpool Ferry" 18234:978-0-8476-6013-1 18209:978-0-7190-0839-9 17930:978-1-84966-570-4 17781:978-0-7277-2712-1 17756:978-1-86134-555-4 17731:978-2-88124-796-5 17667:978-0-7112-2446-9 17637:on 27 August 2017 17392:978-0-521-34767-9 17134:978-1-135-83645-0 17109:978-0-567-66246-0 17084:978-0-271-03851-3 17039:978-0-19-870256-6 16842:The Social Review 16675:978-1-317-93854-5 16627:978-0-415-46500-7 16504:978-1-907301-35-3 16479:978-0-415-35106-5 16364:978-1-349-00435-5 16339:978-0-7546-5000-3 16283:978-1-4464-2247-2 16254:978-1-136-80290-4 16203:978-1-4481-6274-1 16170:978-0-415-33185-2 15886:978-0-85323-639-9 15856:on 21 August 2014 15835:978-1-84513-054-1 15807:978-0-14-101582-8 15748:on 2 October 2018 15487:978-1-4481-8249-7 15462:978-1-139-82795-9 15213:978-1-78243-441-2 15129:978-0-470-13884-7 15105:978-0-19-280681-9 15013:978-1-60358-412-8 14803:978-1-137-31967-8 14769:978-1-107-47140-5 14741:978-0-674-53075-1 14481:978-1-921775-30-7 14444:978-1-4381-0500-0 14354:, pp. 87–88. 14183:978-1-349-19952-5 14126:. 9 August 2007. 13977:on 26 August 2017 13817:. 21 April 2015. 13764:, pp. 65–68. 13736:978-0-215-02841-9 13676:978-1-317-87371-6 13651:978-1-84563-093-5 13626:978-0-7190-0723-1 13281:. SQW. 1 May 2016 13006:on 24 August 2011 12742:on 2 October 2018 12704:978-1-134-30608-4 12163:on 5 January 2016 11725:978-0-9552621-0-4 11627:978-1-4129-1236-5 11560:978-1-136-03688-0 11535:978-0-88099-192-6 11495:978-0-521-80789-0 11341:978-0-85323-939-0 11316:978-1-135-83561-3 11291:978-0-297-86594-0 11002:Pevsner, Nikolaus 10956:978-1-4744-0183-8 10931:978-1-139-57650-5 10841:, pp. 86–88. 10825:978-0-7129-0701-9 10759:978-0-8240-4787-0 10704:978-0-14-194153-0 10664:978-1-107-05859-0 10634:on 27 August 2009 10613:978-1-134-54813-2 10588:978-0-19-821731-2 10563:978-1-4381-2918-1 10535:978-1-4438-0470-7 10510:978-0-521-30199-2 10436:978-0-470-99885-4 10399:978-1-78570-538-0 10335:. 6 August 2013. 10314:978-1-4738-5103-0 10307:. Pen and Sword. 10129:978-0-521-18971-2 10074:978-0-14-195803-3 10049:978-0-230-50594-0 9921:, pp. 83–85. 9909:, pp. 85–86. 9897:, pp. 12–13. 9885:, pp. 11–12. 9822:978-0-521-28540-7 9785:978-0-19-869274-4 9624:(15): 1965–1978. 9568:Winsford Guardian 9478:978-0-415-14098-0 9447:978-0-521-29609-0 9419:978-1-317-66736-0 9316:on 5 January 2016 9229:978-0-7190-5028-2 8931:, pp. 18–19. 8903:978-0-14-192397-0 8804:978-0-415-31709-2 8764:The North Country 8723:978-3-11-020839-9 8714:The British Isles 8616:, pp. 15–16. 8601:, pp. 13–14. 8586:, pp. 20–22. 8316:Explanatory notes 8189:Port of Liverpool 8146:Grand Trunk Canal 7873:Blackpool Tramway 7865:Sheffield Tramway 7779:steam locomotives 7771:Act of Parliament 7767:Middleton Railway 7581:freight transport 7548:Abdullah Quilliam 7425:Church of England 7414:Jehovah's Witness 7383:religious revival 7379:Irish immigration 7087:Liberal Democrats 6998:Peterloo Massacre 6675:Doncaster Knights 6667:Newcastle Falcons 6493:Manchester United 6433:Preston North End 6425:Blackburn Olympic 6324:Manchester United 6272:Tour de Yorkshire 6182:Wakefield Trinity 6154:Preston North End 6131:Battle of Britpop 6049:radical agitation 6022:Yorkshire bagpipe 5967: 5916:escalope Parmesan 5839:, and the fruity 5782:Lancashire hotpot 5778:Yorkshire pudding 5718:Lancashire Hotpot 5673:designer clothing 5670:mainland European 5487:Elizabeth Gaskell 5390:The Northern Echo 5234:Coronation Street 5058:health technology 5056:, online retail, 4988:in the UK, two – 4914:train plant, the 4904:Nissan Sunderland 4873:and the European 4679:gross value added 4515:Richmond Building 4402:COVID-19 pandemic 4230:M62 coach bombing 4199:Margaret Thatcher 4143:Barrow-in-Furness 4021:Barrow-in-Furness 3893:Bigod's Rebellion 3845:Wars of the Roses 3828:Henry of Scotland 3393:(Manchester) and 3261:Lower Allithwaite 3134:Catherine Cookson 3105:The Secret Garden 2938: 2934: 2926:because they are 2903: 2899: 2840:(Liverpool) and 2745: 2744: 2339:sunshine duration 2283:Rich deposits of 2268:, the cream-buff 2233:Natural resources 2230: 2229: 2141:Chester-Le-Street 1869:Newton-le-Willows 1841:Ashton-under-Lyne 1767: 1761: 1744: 1718: 1717: 1119:Humberhead Levels 825:, along with the 552:border with Wales 484:Kingdom of Jorvik 438:historic counties 423: 422: 16:(Redirected from 19634: 19612:Cultural regions 19607:Northern England 19574: 19536:Royal supporters 19337:Landscape garden 19307:Country clothing 19280: 19279: 19276: 19275: 19223: 19222: 19162: 19161: 19097:Kingdom of Essex 18860:Local government 18835: 18834: 18814: 18807: 18800: 18791: 18790: 18784:Northern England 18781: 18766: 18747: 18729: 18727: 18725: 18719: 18712: 18700: 18698: 18696: 18690: 18683: 18671: 18669: 18657: 18636: 18615: 18594: 18570: 18549: 18528: 18507: 18495: 18484: 18463: 18442: 18413: 18412: 18410: 18408: 18402: 18394: 18388: 18387: 18385: 18383: 18364: 18353: 18347: 18346: 18344: 18342: 18323: 18312: 18301: 18295: 18294: 18292: 18290: 18284: 18276: 18270: 18269: 18267: 18265: 18244: 18238: 18237: 18220: 18214: 18213: 18189: 18180: 18179: 18177: 18175: 18169: 18164:. Archived from 18153: 18147: 18146: 18144: 18142: 18127: 18121: 18120: 18118: 18116: 18101: 18095: 18094: 18092: 18090: 18070: 18064: 18058: 18052: 18051: 18049: 18047: 18032: 18026: 18025: 18023: 18021: 18010: 18001: 18000: 17998: 17996: 17990: 17982: 17976: 17975: 17973: 17971: 17956: 17950: 17949: 17941: 17935: 17934: 17916: 17907: 17906: 17904: 17902: 17887: 17881: 17880: 17878: 17876: 17861: 17855: 17854: 17852: 17850: 17835: 17829: 17828: 17826: 17824: 17812: 17801: 17795: 17786: 17785: 17767: 17761: 17760: 17742: 17736: 17735: 17717: 17711: 17710: 17708: 17706: 17690: 17684: 17678: 17672: 17671: 17658:Great North Road 17653: 17647: 17646: 17644: 17642: 17636: 17629: 17621: 17615: 17614: 17612: 17610: 17604: 17597: 17588: 17579: 17573: 17567: 17566: 17564: 17562: 17542: 17533: 17532: 17530: 17528: 17508: 17502: 17501: 17499: 17497: 17480: 17474: 17473: 17471: 17469: 17450: 17448: 17446: 17426: 17420: 17419: 17414:. Archived from 17403: 17397: 17396: 17378: 17372: 17371: 17369: 17367: 17347: 17341: 17340: 17338: 17336: 17316: 17310: 17309: 17306:Rich Inheritance 17301: 17295: 17294: 17292: 17290: 17279: 17273: 17272: 17270: 17268: 17249: 17243: 17242: 17240: 17238: 17223: 17217: 17211: 17205: 17203: 17201: 17199: 17184: 17169: 17168: 17166: 17164: 17145: 17139: 17138: 17120: 17114: 17113: 17095: 17089: 17088: 17067: 17061: 17060: 17050: 17044: 17043: 17025: 17019: 17018: 17016: 17014: 16999: 16993: 16992: 16990: 16988: 16973: 16967: 16966: 16964: 16962: 16947: 16941: 16940: 16922: 16916: 16915: 16913: 16911: 16895: 16887: 16881: 16880: 16878: 16876: 16859: 16853: 16852: 16850: 16848: 16833: 16827: 16826: 16824: 16822: 16803: 16797: 16796: 16794: 16792: 16783:. 2 April 2015. 16773: 16767: 16766: 16764: 16762: 16742: 16736: 16735: 16733: 16731: 16712: 16706: 16705: 16703: 16701: 16686: 16680: 16679: 16661: 16655: 16654: 16638: 16632: 16631: 16613: 16607: 16606: 16604: 16602: 16579: 16573: 16572: 16570: 16568: 16548: 16542: 16541: 16539: 16537: 16518: 16509: 16508: 16490: 16484: 16483: 16465: 16459: 16458: 16456: 16454: 16437: 16431: 16430: 16428: 16426: 16407: 16401: 16400: 16398: 16396: 16390: 16383: 16375: 16369: 16368: 16350: 16344: 16343: 16325: 16319: 16318: 16316: 16314: 16294: 16288: 16287: 16266: 16260: 16258: 16240: 16234: 16233: 16231: 16229: 16214: 16208: 16207: 16186: 16175: 16174: 16156: 16145: 16144: 16142: 16140: 16126: 16120: 16119: 16117: 16115: 16096: 16090: 16089: 16087: 16085: 16070: 16061: 16060: 16058: 16056: 16042: 16036: 16035: 16033: 16031: 16015: 16007: 16001: 15991: 15989: 15987: 15972: 15966: 15965: 15957: 15951: 15949: 15947: 15945: 15925: 15916: 15915: 15897: 15891: 15890: 15872: 15866: 15865: 15863: 15861: 15846: 15840: 15839: 15821: 15812: 15811: 15793: 15784: 15783: 15781: 15779: 15764: 15758: 15757: 15755: 15753: 15734: 15728: 15727: 15725: 15723: 15708: 15702: 15701: 15699: 15697: 15682: 15676: 15670: 15664: 15663: 15661: 15659: 15648: 15642: 15641: 15633: 15631: 15629: 15623: 15616: 15607: 15598: 15597: 15589: 15583: 15582: 15580: 15578: 15562: 15553: 15552: 15550: 15548: 15528: 15522: 15521: 15519: 15517: 15498: 15492: 15491: 15473: 15467: 15466: 15448: 15442: 15441: 15439: 15437: 15417: 15411: 15410: 15408: 15406: 15388: 15379: 15378: 15358: 15352: 15351: 15339: 15333: 15332: 15330: 15328: 15308: 15302: 15301: 15299: 15297: 15282: 15276: 15275: 15273: 15271: 15250: 15244: 15243: 15241: 15239: 15224: 15218: 15217: 15199: 15193: 15192: 15190: 15188: 15173: 15167: 15166: 15164: 15162: 15148: 15140: 15134: 15133: 15115: 15109: 15108: 15087: 15081: 15080: 15078: 15076: 15054: 15048: 15047: 15045: 15043: 15024: 15018: 15017: 14999: 14993: 14992: 14990: 14988: 14973: 14967: 14966: 14964: 14962: 14956: 14948:Official Journal 14945: 14937: 14931: 14930: 14928: 14926: 14906: 14897: 14896: 14894: 14892: 14877: 14871: 14870: 14868: 14866: 14847: 14841: 14840: 14838: 14836: 14814: 14808: 14807: 14789: 14783: 14780: 14774: 14773: 14755: 14746: 14745: 14721: 14715: 14714: 14702: 14691: 14690: 14688: 14686: 14672: 14664: 14658: 14657: 14655: 14653: 14638: 14632: 14631: 14629: 14627: 14612: 14606: 14605: 14603: 14601: 14586: 14580: 14579: 14577: 14575: 14561: 14553: 14547: 14546: 14544: 14542: 14523: 14517: 14516: 14514: 14512: 14492: 14486: 14485: 14467: 14461: 14455: 14449: 14448: 14430: 14424: 14423: 14397: 14388: 14382: 14376: 14370: 14364: 14355: 14349: 14343: 14342: 14340: 14338: 14318: 14309: 14308: 14306: 14304: 14298: 14290: 14281: 14280: 14278: 14276: 14262: 14254: 14248: 14247: 14245: 14243: 14224: 14218: 14217: 14215: 14213: 14204:. 28 July 2016. 14194: 14188: 14187: 14169: 14163: 14162: 14146: 14140: 14139: 14137: 14135: 14120:"Magnetic South" 14116: 14107: 14106: 14104: 14102: 14082: 14076: 14075: 14073: 14071: 14051: 14045: 14044: 14042: 14040: 14024: 14018: 14017: 14015: 14013: 13993: 13987: 13986: 13984: 13982: 13976: 13970:. Archived from 13969: 13960: 13954: 13953: 13951: 13949: 13930: 13924: 13923: 13907: 13901: 13900: 13898: 13896: 13876: 13870: 13864: 13858: 13857: 13855: 13853: 13837: 13831: 13830: 13828: 13826: 13807: 13801: 13800: 13798: 13796: 13790: 13779: 13771: 13765: 13759: 13753: 13747: 13741: 13740: 13722: 13716: 13715: 13713: 13711: 13690:Walton, John K. 13687: 13681: 13680: 13662: 13656: 13655: 13637: 13631: 13630: 13612: 13606: 13605: 13603: 13601: 13590: 13584: 13583: 13581: 13579: 13560: 13554: 13548: 13542: 13541: 13539: 13537: 13517: 13511: 13510: 13508: 13506: 13492: 13484: 13471: 13468: 13462: 13461: 13459: 13457: 13437: 13431: 13425: 13416: 13415: 13413: 13411: 13396: 13390: 13389: 13387: 13385: 13379: 13374:. Archived from 13363: 13357: 13356: 13354: 13352: 13333: 13327: 13326: 13324: 13322: 13317:on 13 March 2017 13316: 13308:The Journal Live 13305: 13297: 13291: 13290: 13288: 13286: 13280: 13272: 13266: 13265: 13263: 13261: 13242: 13233: 13232: 13230: 13228: 13208: 13202: 13201: 13199: 13197: 13178: 13169: 13168: 13166: 13164: 13144: 13138: 13137: 13135: 13133: 13118: 13112: 13111: 13109: 13107: 13091: 13085: 13084: 13082: 13080: 13071:. Archived from 13060: 13049: 13048: 13046: 13044: 13025: 13016: 13015: 13013: 13011: 13002:. Archived from 12991: 12985: 12984: 12982: 12980: 12965: 12959: 12958: 12956: 12954: 12948: 12941: 12932: 12923: 12922: 12920: 12918: 12909: 12900: 12894: 12893: 12891: 12889: 12869: 12863: 12862: 12860: 12858: 12838: 12832: 12831: 12819: 12813: 12812: 12810: 12808: 12799:. 18 July 2002. 12789: 12783: 12782: 12780: 12778: 12758: 12752: 12751: 12749: 12747: 12738:. Archived from 12727: 12721: 12715: 12709: 12708: 12690: 12681: 12680: 12678: 12676: 12656: 12650: 12649: 12647: 12645: 12625: 12619: 12618: 12603: 12597: 12591: 12585: 12584: 12582: 12580: 12574: 12568:. Archived from 12567: 12558: 12552: 12551: 12549: 12547: 12527: 12521: 12520: 12518: 12516: 12496: 12490: 12489: 12487: 12485: 12465: 12459: 12458: 12456: 12454: 12435: 12429: 12419: 12413: 12412: 12410: 12408: 12388: 12382: 12381: 12379: 12377: 12362: 12356: 12355: 12353: 12351: 12342: 12333: 12327: 12326: 12324: 12322: 12313: 12309:"The Power of 8" 12305: 12296: 12295: 12293: 12291: 12271: 12265: 12264: 12262: 12260: 12246: 12238: 12232: 12231: 12229: 12227: 12212: 12203: 12202: 12200: 12198: 12182: 12173: 12172: 12170: 12168: 12162: 12155: 12146: 12140: 12139: 12137: 12135: 12115: 12109: 12108: 12106: 12104: 12085: 12079: 12078: 12076: 12074: 12055: 12049: 12048: 12046: 12044: 12029: 12023: 12022: 12020: 12018: 12003: 11994: 11993: 11991: 11989: 11970: 11964: 11963: 11961: 11959: 11939: 11933: 11932: 11930: 11928: 11909: 11903: 11902: 11900: 11898: 11879: 11873: 11872: 11870: 11868: 11848: 11842: 11841: 11839: 11837: 11823: 11817: 11816: 11814: 11812: 11798: 11792: 11791: 11789: 11787: 11773: 11765: 11759: 11758: 11756: 11754: 11735: 11729: 11728: 11705: 11699: 11698: 11696: 11694: 11674: 11668: 11667: 11665: 11663: 11643: 11632: 11631: 11613: 11607: 11601: 11595: 11594: 11592: 11590: 11571: 11565: 11564: 11546: 11540: 11539: 11521: 11515: 11514: 11506: 11500: 11499: 11481: 11472: 11471: 11469: 11467: 11456:British Heritage 11447: 11441: 11440: 11438: 11436: 11431:on 12 March 2017 11430: 11417: 11408: 11407: 11405: 11403: 11383: 11377: 11376: 11374: 11372: 11352: 11346: 11345: 11327: 11321: 11320: 11302: 11296: 11295: 11274: 11268: 11267: 11265: 11263: 11244: 11238: 11237: 11235: 11233: 11213: 11207: 11206: 11204: 11202: 11193:. 8 March 2013. 11183: 11177: 11176: 11174: 11172: 11153: 11147: 11146: 11144: 11142: 11122: 11113: 11107: 11101: 11100: 11092: 11086: 11085: 11083: 11081: 11062: 11056: 11055: 11053: 11051: 11032: 11026: 11025: 10998: 10992: 10991: 10989: 10987: 10967: 10961: 10960: 10942: 10936: 10935: 10917: 10911: 10910: 10908: 10906: 10891: 10885: 10884: 10848: 10842: 10836: 10830: 10829: 10817: 10807: 10798: 10797: 10795: 10793: 10773: 10764: 10763: 10745: 10739: 10738: 10736: 10734: 10715: 10709: 10708: 10690: 10684: 10683: 10675: 10669: 10668: 10650: 10644: 10643: 10641: 10639: 10624: 10618: 10617: 10599: 10593: 10592: 10574: 10568: 10567: 10549: 10540: 10539: 10521: 10515: 10514: 10496: 10490: 10489: 10482: 10476: 10475: 10467: 10461: 10447: 10441: 10440: 10422: 10416: 10415:, p. 23–27. 10410: 10404: 10403: 10385: 10379: 10378: 10376: 10374: 10355: 10349: 10348: 10346: 10344: 10325: 10319: 10318: 10300: 10294: 10293: 10291: 10289: 10270: 10261: 10255: 10249: 10243: 10241: 10239: 10224: 10218: 10212: 10206: 10205: 10203: 10201: 10187:Historic England 10183: 10177: 10176: 10174: 10172: 10157: 10146: 10140: 10134: 10133: 10115: 10109: 10108: 10106: 10104: 10085: 10079: 10078: 10060: 10054: 10053: 10035: 10029: 10028: 10026: 10024: 10005: 9999: 9998: 9996: 9994: 9974: 9965: 9959: 9953: 9952: 9950: 9948: 9928: 9922: 9916: 9910: 9904: 9898: 9892: 9886: 9880: 9874: 9873: 9871: 9869: 9848: 9842: 9836: 9827: 9826: 9808: 9802: 9796: 9790: 9789: 9769: 9763: 9762: 9760: 9758: 9739: 9730: 9729: 9727: 9725: 9707: 9705: 9703: 9684: 9675: 9674: 9672: 9670: 9656: 9650: 9649: 9638:10.1002/joc.1276 9609: 9603: 9602: 9585: 9579: 9578: 9576: 9574: 9559: 9553: 9552: 9536: 9530: 9529: 9527: 9525: 9505: 9503: 9501: 9496:on 15 March 2017 9490:Waterwise.org.uk 9486:"Water Hardness" 9482: 9458: 9452: 9451: 9433: 9424: 9423: 9405: 9399: 9397: 9395: 9393: 9379: 9373: 9372: 9370: 9368: 9353: 9347: 9346: 9344: 9342: 9332: 9326: 9325: 9323: 9321: 9315: 9308: 9300: 9294: 9293: 9291: 9289: 9280:. Archived from 9278:The Northern Way 9270: 9264: 9263: 9261: 9259: 9240: 9234: 9233: 9215: 9209: 9208: 9206: 9204: 9184: 9175: 9174: 9172: 9170: 9155: 9149: 9148: 9146: 9144: 9125: 9119: 9118: 9116: 9114: 9095: 9089: 9088: 9086: 9084: 9073:"National Parks" 9069: 9063: 9062: 9060: 9058: 9047: 9032: 9031: 9029: 9027: 9005: 8999: 8998: 8996: 8994: 8974: 8963: 8962: 8960: 8958: 8938: 8932: 8926: 8920: 8914: 8908: 8907: 8894:All Points North 8889: 8883: 8882: 8880: 8878: 8858: 8852: 8851: 8849: 8847: 8838:. Archived from 8827: 8821: 8815: 8809: 8808: 8790: 8784: 8778: 8772: 8771: 8759: 8753: 8752: 8750: 8748: 8734: 8728: 8727: 8709: 8698: 8697: 8695: 8693: 8684:. Archived from 8673: 8667: 8666: 8664: 8662: 8648: 8642: 8641: 8639: 8637: 8623: 8617: 8611: 8602: 8596: 8587: 8581: 8575: 8574: 8572: 8570: 8555: 8549: 8544: 8538: 8537: 8532: 8530: 8516: 8510: 8509: 8507: 8505: 8493: 8472: 8469: 8463: 8460: 8454: 8451: 8445: 8442: 8436: 8433: 8427: 8424: 8418: 8399: 8393: 8382: 8376: 8365: 8359: 8358:ONS definition. 8356: 8350: 8347: 8341: 8338: 8332: 8325: 8295:Southern England 8238: 8224: 8193:Roll-on/roll-off 8121: 8107: 8067:closed in 2014, 8012: 7998: 7984: 7970: 7956: 7942: 7935: 7914: 7900: 7746: 7732: 7656:Great North Road 7592:public transport 7556:Indian religions 7429:Province of York 7317: 7311: 7305: 7299: 7293: 7256: 7238: 7227: 7218: 7174:North East Party 7027: 7021: 7015: 6953:Friedrich Engels 6927: 6913: 6897: 6883: 6867: 6857:Bolton Town Hall 6853: 6735: 6717: 6705:Riverside Ground 6697: 6679:RFU Championship 6598: 6586:Kirklees Stadium 6578: 6560: 6513:Newcastle United 6505:Blackburn Rovers 6465:women's football 6402:rather than the 6382:Newcastle United 6378: 6358: 6340: 6320: 6302: 6092:Cabaret Voltaire 6078:to England, and 6074:, which brought 5996: 5984: 5972:Scarborough Fair 5968: 5920:Italian-American 5798:Swaledale cheese 5744: 5730: 5714: 5696: 5500:straight-talking 5472: 5458: 5442: 5428: 5414: 5196:Mobile broadband 5143:domestic tourism 5135:cultural tourism 5119:package holidays 5099:Wirral Peninsula 5054:Game development 5006:online retailers 4829:Glorious Twelfth 4821:Heather moorland 4715:Sheffield Hallam 4675:percentage point 4640:Sheffield Hallam 4582:are part of the 4509: 4494: 4478: 4463: 4447: 4432: 4406:excess mortality 4228:, including the 4176:New Commonwealth 4135:Second World War 4108:Great Depression 4009:Bessemer process 3879:Early modern era 3841:Robert the Bruce 3799:. A significant 3709:Harold Godwinson 3691: 3677: 3667:Lancaster Castle 3663: 3647: 3633: 3617: 3607:Carlisle Citadel 3603: 3456: 3447: 3438: 3429: 3381:). Eboracum and 3233:Rudston Monolith 3138:Beryl Bainbridge 2990:in phrases like 2988:rhotic consonant 2976: 2971:or occasionally 2969: 2955:definite article 2936: 2932: 2924:Scottish accents 2901: 2897: 2650: 2381: 2380: 2354:prevailing winds 2307:in Cheshire and 2101:Stockton-on-Tees 1765: 1759: 1746: 1742: 1739: 1404: 1394: 1351: 1341: 1295: 1283: 1282: 1241:The Northern Way 1214:Wirral Peninsula 1080:North York Moors 956: 942: 928: 914: 900: 893: 865:and part of the 819:Derbyshire Dales 712: 700: 540:Southern England 488:Brythonic Celtic 430:North of England 426:Northern England 409: 208:Devolved regions 103: 101: 100: 93: 83: 81: 80: 61: 48:Northern England 44: 43: 41:Place in England 21: 19642: 19641: 19637: 19636: 19635: 19633: 19632: 19631: 19597: 19596: 19595: 19590: 19577: 19570: 19557: 19531:Royal standards 19481: 19400: 19261: 19208: 19147: 19121: 19085: 19059: 19026: 19002:Elizabethan era 18968: 18954:Norman Conquest 18937: 18889: 18875:English society 18824: 18818: 18774: 18769: 18763: 18737: 18735:Further reading 18732: 18723: 18721: 18720:on 17 June 2022 18717: 18710: 18694: 18692: 18688: 18681: 18667: 18654: 18633: 18612: 18591: 18583:. Ebury Press. 18575:Maconie, Stuart 18567: 18546: 18525: 18504: 18481: 18460: 18439: 18422: 18417: 18416: 18406: 18404: 18400: 18396: 18395: 18391: 18381: 18379: 18366: 18355: 18354: 18350: 18340: 18338: 18327:"Heysham Ferry" 18325: 18314: 18303: 18302: 18298: 18288: 18286: 18282: 18278: 18277: 18273: 18263: 18261: 18246: 18245: 18241: 18235: 18221: 18217: 18210: 18190: 18183: 18173: 18171: 18162:Financial Times 18154: 18150: 18140: 18138: 18128: 18124: 18114: 18112: 18102: 18098: 18088: 18086: 18071: 18067: 18061:IPPR North 2012 18059: 18055: 18045: 18043: 18034: 18033: 18029: 18019: 18017: 18012: 18011: 18004: 17994: 17992: 17988: 17984: 17983: 17979: 17969: 17967: 17957: 17953: 17946:Transport World 17942: 17938: 17931: 17917: 17910: 17900: 17898: 17889: 17888: 17884: 17874: 17872: 17862: 17858: 17848: 17846: 17837: 17836: 17832: 17822: 17820: 17813: 17804: 17796: 17789: 17782: 17768: 17764: 17757: 17743: 17739: 17732: 17718: 17714: 17704: 17702: 17691: 17687: 17679: 17675: 17668: 17654: 17650: 17640: 17638: 17634: 17627: 17623: 17622: 17618: 17608: 17606: 17602: 17595: 17589: 17582: 17574: 17570: 17560: 17558: 17543: 17536: 17526: 17524: 17509: 17505: 17495: 17493: 17481: 17477: 17467: 17465: 17452: 17444: 17442: 17427: 17423: 17404: 17400: 17393: 17379: 17375: 17365: 17363: 17348: 17344: 17334: 17332: 17317: 17313: 17302: 17298: 17288: 17286: 17280: 17276: 17266: 17264: 17251: 17250: 17246: 17236: 17234: 17225: 17224: 17220: 17212: 17208: 17197: 17195: 17186: 17185: 17172: 17162: 17160: 17147: 17146: 17142: 17135: 17121: 17117: 17110: 17096: 17092: 17085: 17068: 17064: 17051: 17047: 17040: 17026: 17022: 17012: 17010: 17001: 17000: 16996: 16986: 16984: 16975: 16974: 16970: 16960: 16958: 16949: 16948: 16944: 16923: 16919: 16909: 16907: 16899:The Independent 16888: 16884: 16874: 16872: 16860: 16856: 16846: 16844: 16834: 16830: 16820: 16818: 16805: 16804: 16800: 16790: 16788: 16775: 16774: 16770: 16760: 16758: 16743: 16739: 16729: 16727: 16714: 16713: 16709: 16699: 16697: 16687: 16683: 16676: 16662: 16658: 16639: 16635: 16628: 16614: 16610: 16600: 16598: 16591:Daily Telegraph 16580: 16576: 16566: 16564: 16549: 16545: 16535: 16533: 16520: 16519: 16512: 16505: 16491: 16487: 16480: 16466: 16462: 16452: 16450: 16439: 16438: 16434: 16424: 16422: 16409: 16408: 16404: 16394: 16392: 16388: 16381: 16377: 16376: 16372: 16365: 16351: 16347: 16340: 16326: 16322: 16312: 16310: 16295: 16291: 16284: 16267: 16263: 16255: 16241: 16237: 16227: 16225: 16215: 16211: 16204: 16187: 16178: 16171: 16157: 16148: 16138: 16136: 16128: 16127: 16123: 16113: 16111: 16098: 16097: 16093: 16083: 16081: 16071: 16064: 16054: 16052: 16044: 16043: 16039: 16029: 16027: 16019:The Independent 16008: 16004: 15985: 15983: 15973: 15969: 15958: 15954: 15943: 15941: 15934:Daily Telegraph 15926: 15919: 15912: 15898: 15894: 15887: 15873: 15869: 15859: 15857: 15848: 15847: 15843: 15836: 15822: 15815: 15808: 15794: 15787: 15777: 15775: 15766: 15765: 15761: 15751: 15749: 15736: 15735: 15731: 15721: 15719: 15709: 15705: 15695: 15693: 15683: 15679: 15671: 15667: 15657: 15655: 15649: 15645: 15627: 15625: 15621: 15614: 15608: 15601: 15590: 15586: 15576: 15574: 15563: 15556: 15546: 15544: 15529: 15525: 15515: 15513: 15506:British Council 15500: 15499: 15495: 15488: 15474: 15470: 15463: 15449: 15445: 15435: 15433: 15418: 15414: 15404: 15402: 15389: 15382: 15359: 15355: 15340: 15336: 15326: 15324: 15309: 15305: 15295: 15293: 15284: 15283: 15279: 15269: 15267: 15252: 15251: 15247: 15237: 15235: 15234:. 2 August 2017 15226: 15225: 15221: 15214: 15200: 15196: 15186: 15184: 15174: 15170: 15160: 15158: 15151:The Independent 15141: 15137: 15130: 15116: 15112: 15106: 15098:, p. 703, 15088: 15084: 15074: 15072: 15057:Wilson, Carol. 15055: 15051: 15041: 15039: 15026: 15025: 15021: 15014: 15000: 14996: 14986: 14984: 14975: 14974: 14970: 14960: 14958: 14954: 14943: 14939: 14938: 14934: 14924: 14922: 14907: 14900: 14890: 14888: 14878: 14874: 14864: 14862: 14849: 14848: 14844: 14834: 14832: 14815: 14811: 14804: 14790: 14786: 14781: 14777: 14770: 14756: 14749: 14742: 14722: 14718: 14703: 14694: 14684: 14682: 14665: 14661: 14651: 14649: 14640: 14639: 14635: 14625: 14623: 14614: 14613: 14609: 14599: 14597: 14588: 14587: 14583: 14573: 14571: 14554: 14550: 14540: 14538: 14533:. 9 July 2016. 14525: 14524: 14520: 14510: 14508: 14493: 14489: 14482: 14468: 14464: 14456: 14452: 14445: 14431: 14427: 14395: 14389: 14385: 14377: 14373: 14365: 14358: 14350: 14346: 14336: 14334: 14319: 14312: 14302: 14300: 14296: 14292: 14291: 14284: 14274: 14272: 14265:The Independent 14255: 14251: 14241: 14239: 14226: 14225: 14221: 14211: 14209: 14196: 14195: 14191: 14184: 14170: 14166: 14147: 14143: 14133: 14131: 14118: 14117: 14110: 14100: 14098: 14083: 14079: 14069: 14067: 14052: 14048: 14038: 14036: 14025: 14021: 14011: 14009: 13994: 13990: 13980: 13978: 13974: 13967: 13961: 13957: 13947: 13945: 13932: 13931: 13927: 13908: 13904: 13894: 13892: 13877: 13873: 13867:IPPR North 2012 13865: 13861: 13851: 13849: 13838: 13834: 13824: 13822: 13809: 13808: 13804: 13794: 13792: 13791:on 8 March 2021 13788: 13777: 13773: 13772: 13768: 13760: 13756: 13748: 13744: 13737: 13723: 13719: 13709: 13707: 13688: 13684: 13677: 13663: 13659: 13652: 13638: 13634: 13627: 13613: 13609: 13599: 13597: 13591: 13587: 13577: 13575: 13562: 13561: 13557: 13549: 13545: 13535: 13533: 13518: 13514: 13504: 13502: 13495:Financial Times 13485: 13474: 13469: 13465: 13455: 13453: 13438: 13434: 13428:IPPR North 2012 13426: 13419: 13409: 13407: 13400:"Leeds economy" 13398: 13397: 13393: 13383: 13381: 13372:Financial Times 13364: 13360: 13350: 13348: 13335: 13334: 13330: 13320: 13318: 13314: 13303: 13299: 13298: 13294: 13284: 13282: 13278: 13274: 13273: 13269: 13259: 13257: 13244: 13243: 13236: 13226: 13224: 13209: 13205: 13195: 13193: 13179: 13172: 13162: 13160: 13145: 13141: 13131: 13129: 13120: 13119: 13115: 13105: 13103: 13092: 13088: 13078: 13076: 13061: 13052: 13042: 13040: 13027: 13026: 13019: 13009: 13007: 12992: 12988: 12978: 12976: 12967: 12966: 12962: 12952: 12950: 12946: 12939: 12935:Ward, Michael. 12933: 12926: 12916: 12914: 12907: 12901: 12897: 12887: 12885: 12878:Financial Times 12870: 12866: 12856: 12854: 12847:Daily Telegraph 12839: 12835: 12820: 12816: 12806: 12804: 12791: 12790: 12786: 12776: 12774: 12759: 12755: 12745: 12743: 12728: 12724: 12716: 12712: 12705: 12691: 12684: 12674: 12672: 12657: 12653: 12643: 12641: 12626: 12622: 12605: 12604: 12600: 12594:IPPR North 2016 12592: 12588: 12578: 12576: 12572: 12565: 12559: 12555: 12545: 12543: 12528: 12524: 12514: 12512: 12497: 12493: 12483: 12481: 12466: 12462: 12452: 12450: 12437: 12436: 12432: 12420: 12416: 12406: 12404: 12389: 12385: 12375: 12373: 12363: 12359: 12349: 12347: 12340: 12334: 12330: 12320: 12318: 12311: 12307: 12306: 12299: 12289: 12287: 12272: 12268: 12258: 12256: 12239: 12235: 12225: 12223: 12213: 12206: 12196: 12194: 12183: 12176: 12166: 12164: 12160: 12153: 12147: 12143: 12133: 12131: 12124:Daily Telegraph 12116: 12112: 12102: 12100: 12099:on 4 March 2017 12087: 12086: 12082: 12072: 12070: 12065:. 24 May 2012. 12057: 12056: 12052: 12042: 12040: 12031: 12030: 12026: 12016: 12014: 12005: 12004: 11997: 11987: 11985: 11972: 11971: 11967: 11957: 11955: 11940: 11936: 11926: 11924: 11911: 11910: 11906: 11896: 11894: 11881: 11880: 11876: 11866: 11864: 11849: 11845: 11835: 11833: 11825: 11824: 11820: 11810: 11808: 11800: 11799: 11795: 11785: 11783: 11776:Financial Times 11766: 11762: 11752: 11750: 11745:. 31 May 2012. 11737: 11736: 11732: 11726: 11706: 11702: 11692: 11690: 11675: 11671: 11661: 11659: 11644: 11635: 11628: 11614: 11610: 11602: 11598: 11588: 11586: 11573: 11572: 11568: 11561: 11547: 11543: 11536: 11522: 11518: 11507: 11503: 11496: 11482: 11475: 11465: 11463: 11448: 11444: 11434: 11432: 11428: 11418: 11411: 11401: 11399: 11384: 11380: 11370: 11368: 11353: 11349: 11342: 11328: 11324: 11317: 11303: 11299: 11292: 11275: 11271: 11261: 11259: 11246: 11245: 11241: 11231: 11229: 11214: 11210: 11200: 11198: 11185: 11184: 11180: 11170: 11168: 11155: 11154: 11150: 11140: 11138: 11123: 11116: 11108: 11104: 11093: 11089: 11079: 11077: 11064: 11063: 11059: 11049: 11047: 11034: 11033: 11029: 11006:Richmond, Ian A 10999: 10995: 10985: 10983: 10976:The Independent 10968: 10964: 10957: 10943: 10939: 10932: 10918: 10914: 10904: 10902: 10893: 10892: 10888: 10849: 10845: 10837: 10833: 10826: 10808: 10801: 10791: 10789: 10774: 10767: 10760: 10746: 10742: 10732: 10730: 10717: 10716: 10712: 10705: 10691: 10687: 10676: 10672: 10665: 10651: 10647: 10637: 10635: 10626: 10625: 10621: 10614: 10600: 10596: 10589: 10575: 10571: 10564: 10550: 10543: 10536: 10522: 10518: 10511: 10497: 10493: 10484: 10483: 10479: 10468: 10464: 10448: 10444: 10437: 10423: 10419: 10411: 10407: 10400: 10386: 10382: 10372: 10370: 10357: 10356: 10352: 10342: 10340: 10327: 10326: 10322: 10315: 10301: 10297: 10287: 10285: 10272: 10271: 10264: 10256: 10252: 10237: 10235: 10226: 10225: 10221: 10213: 10209: 10199: 10197: 10184: 10180: 10170: 10168: 10167:on 29 July 2014 10159: 10158: 10149: 10141: 10137: 10130: 10116: 10112: 10102: 10100: 10087: 10086: 10082: 10075: 10061: 10057: 10050: 10036: 10032: 10022: 10020: 10006: 10002: 9992: 9990: 9975: 9968: 9960: 9956: 9946: 9944: 9937:Daily Telegraph 9929: 9925: 9917: 9913: 9905: 9901: 9893: 9889: 9881: 9877: 9867: 9865: 9850: 9849: 9845: 9837: 9830: 9823: 9809: 9805: 9797: 9793: 9786: 9770: 9766: 9756: 9754: 9741: 9740: 9733: 9723: 9721: 9708: 9701: 9699: 9686: 9685: 9678: 9668: 9666: 9658: 9657: 9653: 9610: 9606: 9589:Blenkinsop, Tom 9586: 9582: 9572: 9570: 9560: 9556: 9537: 9533: 9523: 9521: 9507: 9499: 9497: 9484: 9479: 9459: 9455: 9448: 9434: 9427: 9420: 9406: 9402: 9391: 9389: 9381: 9380: 9376: 9366: 9364: 9354: 9350: 9340: 9338: 9334: 9333: 9329: 9319: 9317: 9313: 9306: 9302: 9301: 9297: 9287: 9285: 9272: 9271: 9267: 9257: 9255: 9250:. 27 May 2015. 9242: 9241: 9237: 9230: 9216: 9212: 9202: 9200: 9185: 9178: 9168: 9166: 9156: 9152: 9142: 9140: 9135:. 24 May 2005. 9127: 9126: 9122: 9112: 9110: 9097: 9096: 9092: 9082: 9080: 9071: 9070: 9066: 9056: 9054: 9048: 9035: 9025: 9023: 9021: 9007: 9006: 9002: 8992: 8990: 8983:Daily Telegraph 8975: 8966: 8956: 8954: 8939: 8935: 8927: 8923: 8915: 8911: 8904: 8890: 8886: 8876: 8874: 8859: 8855: 8845: 8843: 8828: 8824: 8816: 8812: 8805: 8791: 8787: 8779: 8775: 8760: 8756: 8746: 8744: 8736: 8735: 8731: 8724: 8710: 8701: 8691: 8689: 8674: 8670: 8660: 8658: 8650: 8649: 8645: 8635: 8633: 8625: 8624: 8620: 8612: 8605: 8597: 8590: 8584:IPPR North 2012 8582: 8578: 8568: 8566: 8556: 8552: 8545: 8541: 8528: 8526: 8518: 8517: 8513: 8503: 8501: 8494: 8490: 8485: 8480: 8475: 8470: 8466: 8461: 8457: 8452: 8448: 8443: 8439: 8434: 8430: 8425: 8421: 8400: 8396: 8383: 8379: 8366: 8362: 8357: 8353: 8348: 8344: 8339: 8335: 8326: 8322: 8318: 8310:West of England 8251: 8244: 8239: 8230: 8225: 8134: 8127: 8122: 8113: 8108: 8085:COVID lockdowns 8081:Great Recession 8030: 8029: 8028: 8026: 8020: 8019: 8018: 8017: 8013: 8005: 8004: 8003: 7999: 7991: 7990: 7989: 7985: 7977: 7976: 7975: 7971: 7963: 7962: 7961: 7957: 7949: 7948: 7947: 7943: 7927: 7920: 7915: 7906: 7901: 7869:Glasgow Tramway 7781:; and the 1830 7759: 7752: 7747: 7738: 7733: 7636:Preston By-pass 7632: 7576: 7503:was the second 7471: 7402:United Reformed 7364:Synod of Whitby 7319: 7315: 7313: 7309: 7307: 7303: 7301: 7297: 7295: 7291: 7283: 7282: 7281: 7280: 7275:(Anglican) and 7268: 7267: 7266: 7257: 7249: 7248: 7239: 7230: 7229: 7228: 7220: 7219: 7208: 7203: 7197: 7170:Yorkshire Party 7138:elected at the 7106:East of England 7029: 7025: 7023: 7019: 7017: 7013: 7000:in Manchester. 6937: 6936: 6935: 6934: 6933: 6928: 6920: 6919: 6914: 6905: 6904: 6903: 6898: 6890: 6889: 6884: 6875: 6874: 6873: 6868: 6860: 6859: 6854: 6843: 6837: 6774:(named for the 6749: 6748: 6747: 6746: 6745: 6736: 6728: 6727: 6718: 6709: 6708: 6707: 6698: 6687: 6612: 6611: 6610: 6609: 6608: 6599: 6590: 6589: 6588: 6579: 6571: 6570: 6561: 6550: 6544: 6497:Manchester City 6454:Football League 6400:Sheffield Rules 6392: 6391: 6390: 6389: 6388: 6379: 6370: 6369: 6368: 6359: 6351: 6350: 6348:Anfield Stadium 6341: 6332: 6331: 6330: 6321: 6313: 6312: 6306:Manchester City 6303: 6292: 6280:Great North Run 6276:UCI Europe Tour 6260:British Cycling 6147: 6045:Napoleonic Wars 6000: 5997: 5988: 5985: 5962: 5960: 5813:Cheshire cheese 5754: 5753: 5752: 5751: 5750: 5745: 5737: 5736: 5734:Cheshire cheese 5731: 5722: 5721: 5720: 5715: 5707: 5706: 5697: 5686: 5601: 5525: 5492:North and South 5482: 5481: 5480: 5479: 5478: 5473: 5465: 5464: 5459: 5450: 5449: 5448: 5443: 5435: 5434: 5429: 5421: 5420: 5418:Blackpool Tower 5415: 5406: 5405: 5399: 5374:Hull Daily Mail 5330:ongoing boycott 5299: 5237:in Manchester, 5223:in Salford and 5217: 5212: 5159:fibre broadband 5151: 5091:North Yorkshire 5070: 5029: 4974: 4887: 4784: 4762: 4727:negative equity 4707:Golden Triangle 4699:Golden Triangle 4667: 4520: 4519: 4518: 4517: 4516: 4510: 4502: 4501: 4500:Bluecoat School 4495: 4486: 4485: 4484: 4479: 4471: 4470: 4464: 4455: 4454: 4453: 4448: 4440: 4439: 4433: 4422: 4374:life expectancy 4362: 4348:Christian, 12% 4326: 4286: 4250: 4224:attacks during 4194:and Sheffield. 4100:First World War 4080: 3968: 3944:Long Parliament 3936:Treaty of Ripon 3903:. His daughter 3881: 3765:Fountains Abbey 3753:Fountains Abbey 3725:Norman Conquest 3705:Harald Hardrada 3701: 3700: 3699: 3698: 3697: 3692: 3684: 3683: 3678: 3670: 3669: 3664: 3655: 3654: 3653: 3648: 3640: 3639: 3634: 3625: 3624: 3623: 3618: 3610: 3609: 3604: 3595: 3594: 3588: 3461: 3454: 3452: 3445: 3443: 3436: 3434: 3427: 3419: 3316: 3292:Yorkshire Wolds 3226: 3221: 3190:Yan Tan Tethera 3178: 3176:Other languages 3151:Room at the Top 3146:angry young men 3130:Winifred Holtby 3054: 2974: 2967: 2906:, and a common 2786: 2761: 2756: 2751: 2746: 2648: 2641: 2636: 2631: 2626: 2621: 2616: 2611: 2606: 2601: 2596: 2591: 2586: 2581: 2567: 2562: 2557: 2552: 2547: 2542: 2537: 2532: 2527: 2522: 2517: 2512: 2507: 2497: 2492: 2487: 2482: 2477: 2472: 2467: 2462: 2457: 2452: 2447: 2442: 2437: 2347:Seathwaite Fell 2331:oceanic climate 2327: 2321: 2278:very soft water 2235: 1719: 1472:North Yorkshire 1456:South Yorkshire 1438:North Yorkshire 1405: 1399: 1395: 1352: 1346: 1342: 1300: 1299: 1296: 1293: 1291: 1288: 1178: 1170:Northern Forest 1146:Yorkshire Dales 1041: 1035: 974: 973: 972: 970: 964: 963: 962: 961: 957: 949: 948: 947: 943: 935: 934: 933: 929: 921: 920: 919: 915: 907: 906: 905: 901: 849:. The historic 779:Nottinghamshire 724:historic county 720: 719: 718: 717: 716: 713: 705: 704: 701: 667:South Yorkshire 663:North Yorkshire 607: 587:service economy 472:era borders of 403: 315: 262: 261: 249: 230:South Yorkshire 203: 163:(northern part) 98: 96: 91: 78: 76: 73:Sovereign state 68: 52: 49: 42: 37: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 19640: 19630: 19629: 19624: 19619: 19614: 19609: 19592: 19591: 19589: 19588: 19583: 19576: 19575: 19567: 19566: 19563: 19562: 19559: 19558: 19556: 19555: 19550: 19549: 19548: 19538: 19533: 19528: 19523: 19518: 19517: 19516: 19506: 19501: 19495: 19493: 19487: 19486: 19483: 19482: 19480: 19479: 19474: 19473: 19472: 19467: 19457: 19456: 19455: 19450: 19440: 19439: 19438: 19433: 19423: 19422: 19421: 19410: 19408: 19402: 19401: 19399: 19398: 19393: 19388: 19387: 19386: 19376: 19375: 19374: 19364: 19359: 19357:Middle England 19354: 19349: 19344: 19339: 19334: 19329: 19324: 19319: 19314: 19309: 19304: 19299: 19294: 19289: 19283: 19273: 19267: 19266: 19263: 19262: 19260: 19259: 19254: 19249: 19244: 19239: 19238: 19237: 19226: 19220: 19214: 19213: 19210: 19209: 19207: 19206: 19201: 19196: 19191: 19186: 19181: 19176: 19171: 19165: 19159: 19153: 19152: 19149: 19148: 19146: 19145: 19140: 19135: 19129: 19127: 19123: 19122: 19120: 19119: 19114: 19109: 19104: 19099: 19093: 19091: 19090:Prior Kingdoms 19087: 19086: 19084: 19083: 19078: 19073: 19067: 19065: 19061: 19060: 19058: 19057: 19052: 19047: 19042: 19036: 19034: 19028: 19027: 19025: 19024: 19019: 19014: 19009: 19004: 18999: 18994: 18989: 18984: 18978: 18976: 18970: 18969: 18967: 18966: 18961: 18959:Angevin Empire 18956: 18951: 18945: 18943: 18939: 18938: 18936: 18935: 18934: 18933: 18928: 18923: 18913: 18908: 18903: 18897: 18895: 18891: 18890: 18888: 18887: 18885:United Kingdom 18882: 18877: 18872: 18867: 18862: 18857: 18852: 18847: 18841: 18839: 18832: 18826: 18825: 18823: articles 18817: 18816: 18809: 18802: 18794: 18788: 18787: 18773: 18772:External links 18770: 18768: 18767: 18761: 18748: 18738: 18736: 18733: 18731: 18730: 18701: 18672: 18658: 18652: 18637: 18631: 18616: 18610: 18595: 18589: 18571: 18565: 18550: 18544: 18529: 18523: 18508: 18502: 18485: 18479: 18464: 18458: 18443: 18437: 18423: 18421: 18418: 18415: 18414: 18389: 18372:Direct Ferries 18348: 18331:Direct Ferries 18296: 18271: 18239: 18233: 18215: 18208: 18181: 18148: 18122: 18096: 18065: 18053: 18027: 18002: 17977: 17951: 17948:. p. 154. 17936: 17929: 17908: 17882: 17856: 17830: 17819:. Rail Journal 17802: 17787: 17780: 17762: 17755: 17737: 17730: 17712: 17685: 17683:, p. 8–9. 17673: 17666: 17648: 17616: 17580: 17568: 17534: 17503: 17475: 17421: 17398: 17391: 17373: 17342: 17311: 17296: 17274: 17259:. March 2010. 17244: 17218: 17206: 17170: 17140: 17133: 17115: 17108: 17090: 17083: 17062: 17045: 17038: 17020: 16994: 16968: 16942: 16917: 16882: 16854: 16828: 16798: 16768: 16737: 16707: 16681: 16674: 16656: 16633: 16626: 16608: 16574: 16543: 16510: 16503: 16485: 16478: 16460: 16432: 16402: 16370: 16363: 16345: 16338: 16320: 16289: 16282: 16261: 16253: 16235: 16209: 16202: 16176: 16169: 16146: 16121: 16091: 16062: 16037: 16002: 15967: 15952: 15917: 15910: 15904:. John Blake. 15892: 15885: 15867: 15841: 15834: 15813: 15806: 15785: 15759: 15729: 15703: 15677: 15665: 15643: 15599: 15584: 15554: 15523: 15493: 15486: 15468: 15461: 15443: 15412: 15380: 15369:(2): 127–147. 15353: 15334: 15303: 15277: 15245: 15219: 15212: 15194: 15168: 15135: 15128: 15110: 15104: 15082: 15049: 15019: 15012: 14994: 14968: 14932: 14898: 14872: 14842: 14809: 14802: 14784: 14775: 14768: 14747: 14740: 14716: 14711:Yorkshire Post 14692: 14659: 14633: 14607: 14581: 14548: 14518: 14487: 14480: 14462: 14450: 14443: 14425: 14383: 14371: 14369:, p. 111. 14356: 14344: 14310: 14282: 14249: 14219: 14189: 14182: 14164: 14141: 14108: 14077: 14046: 14019: 13988: 13955: 13925: 13902: 13871: 13869:, p. 184. 13859: 13832: 13802: 13766: 13754: 13742: 13735: 13717: 13682: 13675: 13657: 13650: 13632: 13625: 13607: 13585: 13570:. 3 May 2016. 13555: 13553:, p. 115. 13543: 13512: 13472: 13463: 13432: 13417: 13391: 13358: 13328: 13292: 13267: 13234: 13217:Chronicle Live 13203: 13170: 13153:Yorkshire Post 13139: 13128:. 15 July 2018 13113: 13086: 13050: 13017: 12986: 12960: 12924: 12895: 12864: 12833: 12814: 12784: 12753: 12722: 12720:, p. 227. 12710: 12703: 12682: 12651: 12620: 12598: 12586: 12553: 12522: 12491: 12460: 12430: 12414: 12383: 12357: 12328: 12297: 12266: 12233: 12221:Medical Xpress 12204: 12174: 12141: 12110: 12080: 12050: 12024: 11995: 11974:"Ethnic Group" 11965: 11934: 11904: 11874: 11843: 11831:www.ons.gov.uk 11818: 11806:www.ons.gov.uk 11793: 11760: 11730: 11724: 11700: 11669: 11633: 11626: 11608: 11596: 11566: 11559: 11541: 11534: 11516: 11501: 11494: 11473: 11442: 11420:Herson, John. 11409: 11378: 11347: 11340: 11322: 11315: 11297: 11290: 11278:Hunt, Tristram 11269: 11239: 11208: 11178: 11148: 11114: 11102: 11087: 11057: 11027: 11024:. p. 173. 11014:Northumberland 10993: 10962: 10955: 10937: 10930: 10912: 10886: 10873:10.2307/213484 10859:(3): 403–416. 10843: 10831: 10824: 10799: 10765: 10758: 10740: 10710: 10703: 10685: 10670: 10663: 10645: 10619: 10612: 10594: 10587: 10569: 10562: 10541: 10534: 10516: 10509: 10491: 10477: 10462: 10442: 10435: 10417: 10405: 10398: 10380: 10350: 10320: 10313: 10295: 10262: 10250: 10219: 10207: 10178: 10147: 10135: 10128: 10110: 10080: 10073: 10055: 10048: 10030: 10000: 9966: 9964:, p. 218. 9954: 9923: 9911: 9899: 9887: 9875: 9843: 9828: 9821: 9803: 9791: 9784: 9764: 9731: 9676: 9651: 9604: 9580: 9554: 9531: 9477: 9453: 9446: 9425: 9418: 9400: 9374: 9348: 9327: 9295: 9265: 9235: 9228: 9210: 9176: 9150: 9120: 9090: 9079:on 5 June 2014 9064: 9033: 9019: 9000: 8964: 8933: 8921: 8909: 8902: 8884: 8867:Sheffield Star 8853: 8836:Stoke Sentinel 8822: 8810: 8803: 8785: 8773: 8766:. London, UK: 8754: 8729: 8722: 8699: 8668: 8643: 8618: 8603: 8588: 8576: 8550: 8539: 8511: 8487: 8486: 8484: 8481: 8479: 8476: 8474: 8473: 8464: 8455: 8446: 8437: 8428: 8419: 8394: 8377: 8360: 8351: 8342: 8333: 8319: 8317: 8314: 8313: 8312: 8307: 8302: 8297: 8292: 8287: 8282: 8280:Greater London 8277: 8272: 8267: 8262: 8257: 8250: 8247: 8246: 8245: 8240: 8233: 8231: 8226: 8219: 8133: 8130: 8129: 8128: 8123: 8116: 8114: 8109: 8102: 8096:spoke airports 8046:Leeds Bradford 8022: 8021: 8015: 8014: 8007: 8006: 8001: 8000: 7993: 7992: 7987: 7986: 7979: 7978: 7973: 7972: 7965: 7964: 7959: 7958: 7951: 7950: 7945: 7944: 7937: 7936: 7930: 7929: 7928: 7926: 7923: 7922: 7921: 7916: 7909: 7907: 7902: 7895: 7763:rail transport 7758: 7755: 7754: 7753: 7748: 7741: 7739: 7734: 7727: 7689:, snicket and 7631: 7628: 7575: 7572: 7470: 7467: 7418:Salvation Army 7356:Saint Cuthbert 7314: 7308: 7302: 7296: 7290: 7270: 7269: 7258: 7251: 7250: 7240: 7233: 7232: 7231: 7222: 7221: 7213: 7212: 7211: 7210: 7209: 7207: 7204: 7196: 7193: 7178:Northern Party 7121:vote splitting 7024: 7018: 7012: 6931:Hull Guildhall 6929: 6922: 6921: 6915: 6908: 6907: 6906: 6899: 6892: 6891: 6885: 6878: 6877: 6876: 6869: 6862: 6861: 6855: 6848: 6847: 6846: 6845: 6844: 6836: 6833: 6756:county cricket 6737: 6730: 6729: 6721:Lancashire CCC 6719: 6712: 6711: 6710: 6699: 6692: 6691: 6690: 6689: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6659:2022–23 season 6602:Wigan Warriors 6600: 6593: 6592: 6591: 6580: 6573: 6572: 6562: 6555: 6554: 6553: 6552: 6551: 6543: 6542:Rugby football 6540: 6532:2018 World Cup 6501:Premier League 6481:2022–23 season 6396:Sheffield F.C. 6386:St James' Park 6380: 6373: 6372: 6371: 6360: 6353: 6352: 6342: 6335: 6334: 6333: 6322: 6315: 6314: 6304: 6297: 6296: 6295: 6294: 6293: 6291: 6288: 6286:in the world. 6237:ferret legging 6197:public schools 6146: 6143: 6129:and the 1990s 6111:Arctic Monkeys 6088:electronic pop 6041:military bands 6002: 6001: 5998: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5979: 5959: 5956: 5876:temperance bar 5746: 5739: 5738: 5732: 5725: 5724: 5723: 5716: 5709: 5708: 5700:Fish and chips 5698: 5691: 5690: 5689: 5688: 5687: 5685: 5682: 5666:casual clobber 5600: 5597: 5524: 5521: 5489:'s 1855 novel 5474: 5467: 5466: 5460: 5453: 5452: 5451: 5444: 5437: 5436: 5430: 5423: 5422: 5416: 5409: 5408: 5407: 5403: 5402: 5401: 5400: 5398: 5395: 5368:Liverpool Echo 5298: 5295: 5216: 5213: 5211: 5208: 5150: 5147: 5069: 5066: 5028: 5025: 4973: 4970: 4958:open-pit mines 4908:Leyland Trucks 4886: 4883: 4783: 4780: 4761: 4758: 4697:. Yorkshire's 4671:service sector 4666: 4663: 4624:Liverpool Hope 4511: 4504: 4503: 4496: 4489: 4488: 4487: 4480: 4473: 4472: 4465: 4458: 4457: 4456: 4449: 4442: 4441: 4434: 4427: 4426: 4425: 4424: 4423: 4421: 4418: 4361: 4358: 4350:Roman Catholic 4325: 4322: 4285: 4282: 4249: 4246: 4178:", especially 4172:slum clearance 4104:interwar years 4079: 4076: 4072:British Empire 3974:Salts Mill in 3967: 3964: 3939:King Charles I 3899:, all against 3880: 3877: 3809:ethnic enclave 3695:Chester Castle 3693: 3686: 3685: 3679: 3672: 3671: 3665: 3658: 3657: 3656: 3649: 3642: 3641: 3637:Appleby Castle 3635: 3628: 3627: 3626: 3621:Alnwick Castle 3619: 3612: 3611: 3605: 3598: 3597: 3596: 3592: 3591: 3590: 3589: 3587: 3584: 3453: 3444: 3435: 3426: 3418: 3415: 3403:Hadrian's Wall 3315: 3312: 3249:Creswell Crags 3225: 3222: 3220: 3217: 3177: 3174: 3144:. Many of the 3126:social realism 3116:Poets Laureate 3090:Brontë sisters 3053: 3050: 2824:(Manchester), 2808:(Lancashire), 2782:Main article: 2760: 2757: 2755: 2752: 2750: 2747: 2743: 2742: 2738: 2737: 2734: 2731: 2728: 2725: 2722: 2719: 2716: 2713: 2710: 2707: 2704: 2701: 2698: 2696:sunshine hours 2691: 2690: 2687: 2684: 2681: 2678: 2675: 2672: 2669: 2666: 2663: 2660: 2657: 2654: 2651: 2644: 2643: 2638: 2633: 2628: 2623: 2618: 2613: 2608: 2603: 2598: 2593: 2588: 2583: 2578: 2570: 2569: 2564: 2559: 2554: 2549: 2544: 2539: 2534: 2529: 2524: 2519: 2514: 2509: 2504: 2500: 2499: 2494: 2489: 2484: 2479: 2474: 2469: 2464: 2459: 2454: 2449: 2444: 2439: 2434: 2430: 2429: 2426: 2423: 2420: 2417: 2414: 2411: 2408: 2405: 2402: 2399: 2396: 2393: 2390: 2386: 2385: 2379: 2320: 2317: 2254:Millstone grit 2242:Great Northern 2234: 2231: 2228: 2227: 2206: 2203: 2200: 2197: 2192: 2188: 2187: 2170: 2167: 2164: 2161: 2156: 2152: 2151: 2145:Hetton-le-Hole 2130: 2127: 2124: 2121: 2116: 2112: 2111: 2094: 2091: 2088: 2085: 2080: 2076: 2075: 2050: 2047: 2044: 2041: 2036: 2032: 2031: 2006: 2003: 2000: 1997: 1992: 1988: 1987: 1958: 1955: 1952: 1949: 1944: 1940: 1939: 1890: 1887: 1884: 1881: 1879:West Yorkshire 1876: 1872: 1871: 1790: 1787: 1784: 1781: 1776: 1772: 1771: 1768: 1762: 1756: 1753: 1750: 1716: 1715: 1712: 1707: 1702: 1699: 1696: 1691: 1686: 1682: 1681: 1678: 1673: 1668: 1665: 1662: 1657: 1652: 1648: 1647: 1644: 1639: 1634: 1631: 1628: 1623: 1618: 1614: 1613: 1610: 1605: 1600: 1597: 1594: 1589: 1584: 1580: 1579: 1576: 1571: 1566: 1563: 1560: 1555: 1550: 1546: 1545: 1542: 1537: 1532: 1529: 1526: 1524:West Yorkshire 1521: 1516: 1512: 1511: 1508: 1506:West Yorkshire 1503: 1498: 1495: 1492: 1487: 1482: 1478: 1477: 1474: 1469: 1464: 1461: 1458: 1453: 1448: 1444: 1443: 1440: 1435: 1430: 1427: 1424: 1419: 1414: 1410: 1409: 1388: 1385: 1380: 1375: 1372: 1369: 1367:West Yorkshire 1364: 1359: 1356: 1334: 1333: 1331: 1328: 1323: 1321: 1318: 1315: 1310: 1308: 1305: 1302: 1301: 1297: 1292: 1289: 1286: 1281: 1177: 1174: 1103:fluvio-glacial 1034: 1031: 1011:Simon Armitage 999:Stoke-on-Trent 966: 965: 959: 958: 951: 950: 945: 944: 937: 936: 931: 930: 923: 922: 918:Stoke-on-Trent 917: 916: 909: 908: 903: 902: 895: 894: 888: 887: 886: 882:North Midlands 843:its BBC region 835:BBC North West 769:Some areas of 764:BBC North West 714: 707: 706: 702: 695: 694: 693: 692: 691: 675:West Yorkshire 659:Northumberland 606: 603: 575:heavy industry 567:trade unionism 458:Northumberland 421: 420: 410: 400: 399: 389: 383: 382: 379: 373: 372: 369: 362: 361: 358: 351: 350: 347: 343: 342: 339: 335: 334: 330: 329: 326: 322: 321: 317: 316: 314: 313: 308: 303: 298: 293: 288: 283: 278: 273: 268: 259: 258: 257: 255: 251: 250: 248: 247: 242: 240:West Yorkshire 237: 232: 227: 222: 217: 211: 209: 205: 204: 202: 201: 179: 174: 172:Northumberland 169: 164: 158: 153: 148: 143: 138: 132: 130: 126: 125: 112: 108: 107: 94: 88: 87: 85:United Kingdom 74: 70: 69: 62: 54: 53: 50: 47: 40: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 19639: 19628: 19625: 19623: 19620: 19618: 19615: 19613: 19610: 19608: 19605: 19604: 19602: 19587: 19584: 19582: 19579: 19578: 19573: 19569: 19568: 19564: 19554: 19551: 19547: 19544: 19543: 19542: 19539: 19537: 19534: 19532: 19529: 19527: 19524: 19522: 19519: 19515: 19514:national flag 19512: 19511: 19510: 19507: 19505: 19502: 19500: 19497: 19496: 19494: 19492: 19488: 19478: 19475: 19471: 19470:national team 19468: 19466: 19463: 19462: 19461: 19458: 19454: 19453:national team 19451: 19449: 19446: 19445: 19444: 19441: 19437: 19436:national team 19434: 19432: 19429: 19428: 19427: 19424: 19420: 19419:national team 19417: 19416: 19415: 19412: 19411: 19409: 19407: 19403: 19397: 19394: 19392: 19389: 19385: 19382: 19381: 19380: 19377: 19373: 19370: 19369: 19368: 19365: 19363: 19360: 19358: 19355: 19353: 19350: 19348: 19345: 19343: 19340: 19338: 19335: 19333: 19330: 19328: 19325: 19323: 19320: 19318: 19315: 19313: 19310: 19308: 19305: 19303: 19300: 19298: 19295: 19293: 19290: 19288: 19287:Afternoon tea 19285: 19284: 19281: 19277: 19274: 19272: 19268: 19258: 19255: 19253: 19250: 19248: 19245: 19243: 19240: 19236: 19233: 19232: 19231: 19228: 19227: 19224: 19221: 19219: 19215: 19205: 19202: 19200: 19197: 19195: 19192: 19190: 19187: 19185: 19182: 19180: 19177: 19175: 19172: 19170: 19167: 19166: 19163: 19160: 19158: 19154: 19144: 19143:House of York 19141: 19139: 19136: 19134: 19131: 19130: 19128: 19124: 19118: 19115: 19113: 19110: 19108: 19105: 19103: 19100: 19098: 19095: 19094: 19092: 19088: 19082: 19079: 19077: 19074: 19072: 19069: 19068: 19066: 19062: 19056: 19053: 19051: 19050:Edwardian era 19048: 19046: 19045:Victorian era 19043: 19041: 19038: 19037: 19035: 19033: 19029: 19023: 19020: 19018: 19015: 19013: 19010: 19008: 19005: 19003: 19000: 18998: 18995: 18993: 18990: 18988: 18987:Stuart period 18985: 18983: 18980: 18979: 18977: 18975: 18971: 18965: 18962: 18960: 18957: 18955: 18952: 18950: 18947: 18946: 18944: 18940: 18932: 18929: 18927: 18924: 18922: 18919: 18918: 18917: 18914: 18912: 18909: 18907: 18906:Roman Britain 18904: 18902: 18899: 18898: 18896: 18892: 18886: 18883: 18881: 18880:British Isles 18878: 18876: 18873: 18871: 18868: 18866: 18863: 18861: 18858: 18856: 18853: 18851: 18848: 18846: 18843: 18842: 18840: 18836: 18833: 18831: 18827: 18822: 18815: 18810: 18808: 18803: 18801: 18796: 18795: 18792: 18785: 18780: 18776: 18775: 18764: 18758: 18754: 18749: 18745: 18740: 18739: 18716: 18709: 18708: 18702: 18687: 18680: 18679: 18673: 18666: 18665: 18659: 18655: 18649: 18645: 18644: 18638: 18634: 18628: 18624: 18623: 18617: 18613: 18607: 18603: 18602: 18596: 18592: 18586: 18582: 18581: 18576: 18572: 18568: 18562: 18558: 18557: 18551: 18547: 18541: 18538:. BBC Books. 18537: 18536: 18530: 18526: 18520: 18516: 18515: 18509: 18505: 18499: 18496:. Routledge. 18494: 18493: 18486: 18482: 18476: 18472: 18471: 18465: 18461: 18455: 18451: 18450: 18444: 18440: 18434: 18430: 18425: 18424: 18399: 18393: 18377: 18373: 18369: 18362: 18358: 18352: 18336: 18332: 18328: 18321: 18317: 18310: 18306: 18300: 18281: 18275: 18259: 18255: 18254: 18249: 18243: 18236: 18230: 18226: 18219: 18211: 18205: 18201: 18197: 18196: 18188: 18186: 18168: 18163: 18159: 18152: 18137: 18133: 18126: 18111: 18107: 18100: 18084: 18080: 18076: 18069: 18062: 18057: 18041: 18037: 18031: 18015: 18009: 18007: 17987: 17981: 17966: 17962: 17955: 17947: 17940: 17932: 17926: 17922: 17915: 17913: 17896: 17892: 17886: 17871: 17867: 17860: 17844: 17840: 17834: 17818: 17811: 17809: 17807: 17800:, p. 16. 17799: 17794: 17792: 17783: 17777: 17773: 17766: 17758: 17752: 17748: 17741: 17733: 17727: 17723: 17716: 17700: 17696: 17689: 17682: 17677: 17669: 17663: 17659: 17652: 17633: 17626: 17620: 17601: 17594: 17587: 17585: 17578:, p. 15. 17577: 17572: 17556: 17552: 17548: 17541: 17539: 17522: 17518: 17514: 17507: 17492: 17491: 17486: 17479: 17463: 17459: 17455: 17440: 17436: 17432: 17425: 17417: 17413: 17409: 17402: 17394: 17388: 17384: 17377: 17361: 17357: 17353: 17346: 17330: 17326: 17322: 17315: 17307: 17300: 17285: 17278: 17262: 17258: 17254: 17248: 17232: 17228: 17222: 17215: 17210: 17193: 17189: 17183: 17181: 17179: 17177: 17175: 17158: 17154: 17150: 17144: 17136: 17130: 17127:. Routledge. 17126: 17119: 17111: 17105: 17101: 17094: 17086: 17080: 17076: 17072: 17066: 17058: 17057: 17049: 17041: 17035: 17031: 17024: 17008: 17005:. BBC.co.uk. 17004: 16998: 16983:on 2 May 2009 16982: 16978: 16972: 16956: 16952: 16946: 16938: 16934: 16930: 16929: 16921: 16905: 16901: 16900: 16894: 16886: 16871: 16870: 16869:New Statesman 16865: 16858: 16843: 16839: 16832: 16816: 16812: 16811:Registrations 16808: 16802: 16786: 16782: 16778: 16772: 16756: 16752: 16751:Buzzfeed News 16748: 16741: 16725: 16721: 16717: 16711: 16696: 16695:BuzzFeed News 16692: 16685: 16677: 16671: 16668:. Routledge. 16667: 16660: 16652: 16648: 16644: 16637: 16629: 16623: 16619: 16612: 16596: 16592: 16588: 16584: 16583:Farage, Nigel 16578: 16562: 16558: 16557:New Statesman 16554: 16547: 16531: 16527: 16523: 16517: 16515: 16506: 16500: 16496: 16489: 16481: 16475: 16471: 16464: 16448: 16447: 16442: 16436: 16420: 16416: 16415:The Economist 16412: 16406: 16387: 16380: 16374: 16366: 16360: 16356: 16349: 16341: 16335: 16331: 16324: 16308: 16304: 16300: 16293: 16285: 16279: 16275: 16271: 16270:Hughes, Simon 16265: 16256: 16250: 16246: 16239: 16224: 16220: 16213: 16205: 16199: 16195: 16191: 16185: 16183: 16181: 16172: 16166: 16162: 16155: 16153: 16151: 16135: 16131: 16125: 16109: 16105: 16101: 16095: 16080: 16076: 16069: 16067: 16051: 16047: 16041: 16025: 16021: 16020: 16014: 16006: 15999: 15995: 15982: 15978: 15971: 15963: 15956: 15939: 15935: 15931: 15924: 15922: 15913: 15911:9781782196860 15907: 15903: 15896: 15888: 15882: 15878: 15871: 15855: 15851: 15845: 15837: 15831: 15827: 15820: 15818: 15809: 15803: 15799: 15792: 15790: 15773: 15769: 15763: 15747: 15743: 15739: 15733: 15718: 15714: 15707: 15692: 15688: 15681: 15675:, p. 49. 15674: 15669: 15654: 15647: 15639: 15634:Adapted from 15620: 15613: 15606: 15604: 15596:. p. 54. 15595: 15588: 15572: 15568: 15561: 15559: 15542: 15538: 15534: 15527: 15511: 15507: 15503: 15497: 15489: 15483: 15479: 15472: 15464: 15458: 15454: 15447: 15431: 15427: 15423: 15416: 15400: 15396: 15395: 15387: 15385: 15376: 15372: 15368: 15364: 15357: 15349: 15345: 15338: 15322: 15318: 15314: 15307: 15291: 15287: 15281: 15265: 15261: 15260: 15255: 15249: 15233: 15229: 15223: 15215: 15209: 15205: 15198: 15183: 15182:New Statesman 15179: 15172: 15156: 15152: 15147: 15139: 15131: 15125: 15121: 15114: 15107: 15101: 15097: 15093: 15086: 15070: 15066: 15065: 15064:BBC Good Food 15060: 15053: 15037: 15033: 15029: 15028:"Wensleydale" 15023: 15015: 15009: 15005: 14998: 14982: 14978: 14972: 14953: 14949: 14942: 14936: 14920: 14916: 14912: 14905: 14903: 14887: 14883: 14876: 14860: 14856: 14852: 14846: 14830: 14826: 14825: 14820: 14813: 14805: 14799: 14795: 14788: 14779: 14771: 14765: 14761: 14754: 14752: 14743: 14737: 14733: 14729: 14728: 14720: 14712: 14708: 14701: 14699: 14697: 14680: 14676: 14675:The Telegraph 14671: 14663: 14647: 14643: 14637: 14621: 14617: 14611: 14595: 14591: 14585: 14569: 14565: 14564:The Telegraph 14560: 14552: 14536: 14532: 14528: 14522: 14506: 14502: 14498: 14491: 14483: 14477: 14473: 14466: 14460:, p. 39. 14459: 14454: 14446: 14440: 14436: 14429: 14421: 14417: 14413: 14409: 14405: 14401: 14394: 14387: 14380: 14375: 14368: 14363: 14361: 14353: 14348: 14332: 14328: 14327:Press Gazette 14324: 14317: 14315: 14295: 14289: 14287: 14270: 14266: 14261: 14253: 14237: 14233: 14229: 14223: 14207: 14203: 14199: 14193: 14185: 14179: 14175: 14168: 14160: 14156: 14155:New Statesman 14152: 14145: 14129: 14125: 14124:The Economist 14121: 14115: 14113: 14096: 14092: 14088: 14081: 14065: 14061: 14057: 14050: 14034: 14030: 14023: 14007: 14003: 13999: 13992: 13973: 13966: 13959: 13943: 13939: 13938:New Statesman 13935: 13929: 13921: 13917: 13913: 13906: 13890: 13886: 13882: 13875: 13868: 13863: 13847: 13843: 13836: 13820: 13816: 13812: 13806: 13787: 13783: 13776: 13770: 13763: 13758: 13751: 13746: 13738: 13732: 13728: 13721: 13705: 13701: 13697: 13695: 13686: 13678: 13672: 13668: 13661: 13653: 13647: 13643: 13636: 13628: 13622: 13618: 13611: 13596: 13589: 13573: 13569: 13565: 13559: 13552: 13547: 13531: 13527: 13523: 13516: 13500: 13496: 13491: 13483: 13481: 13479: 13477: 13467: 13451: 13447: 13443: 13436: 13429: 13424: 13422: 13405: 13401: 13395: 13378: 13373: 13369: 13362: 13346: 13342: 13338: 13332: 13313: 13309: 13302: 13296: 13277: 13271: 13255: 13251: 13250:UK Trade Info 13247: 13241: 13239: 13222: 13218: 13214: 13207: 13191: 13187: 13184: 13177: 13175: 13158: 13154: 13150: 13143: 13127: 13123: 13117: 13101: 13097: 13090: 13074: 13070: 13066: 13059: 13057: 13055: 13038: 13034: 13030: 13024: 13022: 13005: 13001: 12997: 12990: 12974: 12970: 12964: 12945: 12938: 12931: 12929: 12913: 12906: 12899: 12883: 12879: 12875: 12868: 12852: 12848: 12844: 12837: 12829: 12825: 12818: 12802: 12798: 12794: 12788: 12772: 12768: 12764: 12757: 12741: 12737: 12733: 12726: 12719: 12714: 12706: 12700: 12696: 12689: 12687: 12670: 12666: 12662: 12655: 12639: 12635: 12631: 12624: 12616: 12612: 12608: 12602: 12595: 12590: 12571: 12564: 12557: 12541: 12537: 12533: 12526: 12510: 12506: 12502: 12495: 12479: 12475: 12471: 12464: 12448: 12444: 12440: 12434: 12428: 12427: 12423: 12418: 12402: 12398: 12394: 12387: 12372: 12368: 12361: 12346: 12339: 12332: 12317: 12310: 12304: 12302: 12285: 12281: 12277: 12270: 12254: 12250: 12245: 12237: 12222: 12218: 12211: 12209: 12192: 12188: 12181: 12179: 12159: 12152: 12145: 12129: 12125: 12121: 12114: 12098: 12094: 12090: 12084: 12068: 12064: 12060: 12054: 12038: 12034: 12028: 12012: 12008: 12002: 12000: 11983: 11979: 11975: 11969: 11953: 11949: 11945: 11938: 11922: 11918: 11914: 11908: 11892: 11888: 11884: 11878: 11862: 11858: 11854: 11847: 11832: 11828: 11822: 11807: 11803: 11797: 11781: 11777: 11772: 11764: 11748: 11744: 11740: 11734: 11727: 11721: 11717: 11713: 11712: 11704: 11688: 11684: 11680: 11673: 11657: 11653: 11652:Metropolitics 11649: 11642: 11640: 11638: 11629: 11623: 11619: 11612: 11606:, p. 65. 11605: 11600: 11584: 11580: 11576: 11570: 11562: 11556: 11552: 11545: 11537: 11531: 11527: 11520: 11512: 11505: 11497: 11491: 11487: 11480: 11478: 11461: 11457: 11453: 11446: 11427: 11423: 11416: 11414: 11397: 11393: 11389: 11382: 11366: 11362: 11358: 11351: 11343: 11337: 11333: 11326: 11318: 11312: 11309:. Routledge. 11308: 11301: 11293: 11287: 11283: 11279: 11273: 11257: 11253: 11249: 11243: 11227: 11223: 11219: 11212: 11196: 11192: 11188: 11182: 11166: 11162: 11158: 11152: 11136: 11132: 11131:History Today 11128: 11121: 11119: 11111: 11106: 11098: 11091: 11075: 11071: 11067: 11061: 11045: 11041: 11037: 11031: 11023: 11019: 11015: 11011: 11007: 11003: 10997: 10981: 10977: 10973: 10966: 10958: 10952: 10948: 10941: 10933: 10927: 10923: 10916: 10900: 10896: 10890: 10882: 10878: 10874: 10870: 10866: 10862: 10858: 10854: 10847: 10840: 10835: 10827: 10821: 10816: 10815: 10806: 10804: 10787: 10783: 10782:History Today 10779: 10772: 10770: 10761: 10755: 10751: 10744: 10728: 10724: 10720: 10714: 10706: 10700: 10696: 10689: 10681: 10674: 10666: 10660: 10656: 10649: 10633: 10629: 10623: 10615: 10609: 10605: 10598: 10590: 10584: 10580: 10573: 10565: 10559: 10555: 10548: 10546: 10537: 10531: 10527: 10520: 10512: 10506: 10502: 10495: 10487: 10481: 10473: 10472:Roman Britain 10466: 10460: 10457: 10456: 10451: 10446: 10438: 10432: 10428: 10421: 10414: 10409: 10401: 10395: 10391: 10384: 10368: 10364: 10360: 10354: 10338: 10334: 10330: 10324: 10316: 10310: 10306: 10299: 10283: 10279: 10275: 10269: 10267: 10259: 10254: 10247: 10233: 10229: 10223: 10216: 10211: 10196: 10192: 10188: 10182: 10166: 10162: 10156: 10154: 10152: 10144: 10139: 10131: 10125: 10121: 10114: 10098: 10094: 10090: 10084: 10076: 10070: 10066: 10059: 10051: 10045: 10041: 10034: 10018: 10014: 10010: 10009:Bragg, Melvyn 10004: 9988: 9984: 9983:New Statesman 9980: 9973: 9971: 9963: 9958: 9942: 9938: 9934: 9927: 9920: 9915: 9908: 9903: 9896: 9891: 9884: 9879: 9863: 9859: 9858: 9853: 9847: 9840: 9835: 9833: 9824: 9818: 9814: 9807: 9800: 9795: 9787: 9781: 9777: 9776: 9768: 9752: 9748: 9744: 9738: 9736: 9719: 9715: 9711: 9697: 9693: 9689: 9683: 9681: 9665: 9661: 9655: 9647: 9643: 9639: 9635: 9631: 9627: 9623: 9619: 9613: 9608: 9600: 9599: 9594: 9590: 9584: 9569: 9565: 9558: 9550: 9546: 9542: 9535: 9519: 9515: 9514: 9513:Yorkshire Tea 9510: 9495: 9491: 9487: 9480: 9474: 9470: 9466: 9465: 9457: 9449: 9443: 9439: 9432: 9430: 9421: 9415: 9411: 9404: 9388: 9384: 9378: 9363: 9359: 9352: 9337: 9331: 9312: 9305: 9299: 9283: 9279: 9275: 9269: 9253: 9249: 9245: 9239: 9231: 9225: 9221: 9214: 9198: 9194: 9190: 9183: 9181: 9165: 9161: 9154: 9138: 9134: 9130: 9124: 9108: 9104: 9103:Visit England 9100: 9094: 9078: 9074: 9068: 9053: 9046: 9044: 9042: 9040: 9038: 9022: 9020:9780521203296 9016: 9012: 9011: 9004: 8988: 8984: 8980: 8973: 8971: 8969: 8952: 8948: 8947:New Statesman 8944: 8937: 8930: 8925: 8919:, p. 12. 8918: 8913: 8905: 8899: 8895: 8888: 8872: 8868: 8864: 8857: 8841: 8837: 8833: 8826: 8820:, p. 35. 8819: 8814: 8806: 8800: 8796: 8789: 8783:, p. 31. 8782: 8777: 8770:. p. 15. 8769: 8765: 8758: 8743: 8739: 8733: 8725: 8719: 8715: 8708: 8706: 8704: 8687: 8683: 8679: 8672: 8657: 8653: 8647: 8632: 8628: 8622: 8615: 8610: 8608: 8600: 8595: 8593: 8585: 8580: 8565: 8561: 8554: 8548: 8543: 8536: 8525: 8521: 8515: 8499: 8492: 8488: 8468: 8459: 8450: 8441: 8432: 8423: 8416: 8412: 8411:Scandinavians 8408: 8404: 8398: 8391: 8387: 8386:Antonine Wall 8381: 8374: 8370: 8369:53°N parallel 8364: 8355: 8346: 8337: 8330: 8324: 8320: 8311: 8308: 8306: 8303: 8301: 8300:Welsh Marches 8298: 8296: 8293: 8291: 8288: 8286: 8285:Home counties 8283: 8281: 8278: 8276: 8273: 8271: 8268: 8266: 8263: 8261: 8258: 8256: 8255:Black Country 8253: 8252: 8243: 8237: 8232: 8229: 8223: 8218: 8217: 8216: 8214: 8210: 8206: 8202: 8198: 8194: 8190: 8186: 8182: 8178: 8173: 8171: 8167: 8164: 8163:South Pennine 8160: 8159:North Pennine 8156: 8152: 8147: 8143: 8139: 8126: 8120: 8115: 8112: 8106: 8101: 8100: 8099: 8097: 8093: 8088: 8086: 8082: 8078: 8074: 8070: 8066: 8061: 8057: 8055: 8051: 8047: 8043: 8039: 8035: 8025: 8011: 7997: 7983: 7969: 7955: 7941: 7934: 7919: 7913: 7908: 7905: 7899: 7894: 7893: 7892: 7890: 7886: 7882: 7878: 7874: 7870: 7866: 7862: 7861:trolley buses 7858: 7854: 7850: 7846: 7842: 7838: 7834: 7829: 7827: 7823: 7819: 7815: 7811: 7810:Northern Rail 7807: 7802: 7800: 7796: 7792: 7788: 7784: 7780: 7776: 7772: 7768: 7764: 7751: 7745: 7740: 7737: 7731: 7726: 7725: 7724: 7722: 7718: 7714: 7710: 7706: 7704: 7700: 7696: 7692: 7688: 7684: 7680: 7675: 7673: 7669: 7665: 7661: 7657: 7653: 7649: 7645: 7641: 7637: 7627: 7625: 7621: 7617: 7613: 7609: 7605: 7601: 7597: 7593: 7589: 7584: 7582: 7571: 7569: 7565: 7561: 7557: 7553: 7549: 7545: 7538: 7534: 7530: 7528: 7524: 7520: 7516: 7514: 7510: 7506: 7502: 7498: 7494: 7490: 7486: 7479: 7475: 7466: 7464: 7460: 7456: 7452: 7448: 7444: 7443: 7438: 7434: 7430: 7426: 7421: 7419: 7415: 7411: 7407: 7403: 7399: 7394: 7392: 7388: 7384: 7380: 7375: 7373: 7369: 7365: 7361: 7357: 7353: 7349: 7345: 7341: 7337: 7333: 7329: 7325: 7287: 7278: 7274: 7265: 7261: 7255: 7247: 7243: 7237: 7226: 7217: 7202: 7192: 7190: 7186: 7181: 7179: 7175: 7171: 7168: 7164: 7160: 7157: 7153: 7149: 7144: 7141: 7137: 7133: 7129: 7126: 7122: 7118: 7114: 7111: 7107: 7103: 7099: 7094: 7092: 7088: 7084: 7080: 7076: 7073:. During the 7072: 7068: 7064: 7060: 7056: 7052: 7048: 7044: 7040: 7036: 7010: 7005: 7001: 6999: 6995: 6991: 6987: 6983: 6980: 6979: 6978:laissez-faire 6974: 6970: 6969: 6964: 6963:George Orwell 6960: 6959: 6954: 6950: 6949:working class 6946: 6942: 6932: 6926: 6918: 6912: 6902: 6896: 6888: 6882: 6872: 6866: 6858: 6852: 6842: 6832: 6830: 6829:North v South 6826: 6822: 6816: 6815:three times. 6814: 6809: 6805: 6801: 6797: 6793: 6789: 6785: 6781: 6777: 6773: 6769: 6765: 6761: 6757: 6754: 6744: 6740: 6739:Yorkshire CCC 6734: 6726: 6722: 6716: 6706: 6702: 6696: 6682: 6680: 6676: 6672: 6668: 6664: 6660: 6656: 6652: 6647: 6645: 6641: 6637: 6633: 6629: 6625: 6621: 6617: 6607: 6603: 6597: 6587: 6583: 6577: 6569: 6565: 6559: 6549: 6539: 6537: 6533: 6529: 6525: 6520: 6518: 6514: 6510: 6509:Middlesbrough 6506: 6502: 6498: 6494: 6490: 6486: 6482: 6477: 6475: 6474:local derbies 6471: 6466: 6461: 6459: 6455: 6451: 6446: 6442: 6438: 6434: 6430: 6426: 6423: 6419: 6417: 6413: 6409: 6405: 6401: 6397: 6387: 6383: 6377: 6367: 6363: 6357: 6349: 6345: 6339: 6329: 6325: 6319: 6311: 6307: 6301: 6287: 6285: 6284:half marathon 6281: 6277: 6273: 6269: 6265: 6261: 6257: 6253: 6249: 6245: 6240: 6238: 6234: 6233:pigeon racing 6230: 6226: 6222: 6221:animal sports 6218: 6214: 6210: 6206: 6202: 6198: 6193: 6191: 6190:Roses rivalry 6183: 6179: 6175: 6170: 6163: 6159: 6156:fans "mourn" 6155: 6151: 6142: 6140: 6136: 6132: 6128: 6124: 6120: 6116: 6112: 6108: 6107:Kaiser Chiefs 6104: 6101: 6100:New Yorkshire 6097: 6093: 6089: 6085: 6081: 6077: 6073: 6072:Northern soul 6069: 6065: 6061: 6060:popular music 6056: 6054: 6050: 6046: 6042: 6038: 6033: 6031: 6027: 6023: 6019: 6015: 6011: 6010:border ballad 6007: 5995: 5990: 5983: 5978: 5977: 5973: 5955: 5953: 5949: 5945: 5941: 5937: 5933: 5929: 5925: 5921: 5917: 5913: 5908: 5906: 5902: 5901: 5897:According to 5895: 5893: 5889: 5885: 5881: 5877: 5873: 5869: 5865: 5861: 5857: 5852: 5850: 5846: 5845:singing hinny 5842: 5838: 5837:Bonfire Night 5834: 5830: 5829:black treacle 5826: 5822: 5818: 5814: 5809: 5807: 5803: 5799: 5795: 5791: 5787: 5783: 5779: 5775: 5771: 5767: 5763: 5762:black pudding 5759: 5749: 5743: 5735: 5729: 5719: 5713: 5705: 5701: 5695: 5681: 5678: 5674: 5671: 5667: 5662: 5660: 5659: 5654: 5653:English clogs 5649: 5647: 5643: 5639: 5635: 5631: 5627: 5623: 5619: 5615: 5605: 5596: 5594: 5590: 5586: 5582: 5578: 5574: 5570: 5566: 5562: 5558: 5554: 5550: 5546: 5542: 5534: 5529: 5520: 5518: 5513: 5509: 5505: 5501: 5496: 5494: 5493: 5488: 5477: 5476:Humber Bridge 5471: 5463: 5457: 5447: 5441: 5433: 5427: 5419: 5413: 5394: 5392: 5391: 5386: 5382: 5381: 5376: 5375: 5370: 5369: 5364: 5363: 5357: 5356: 5351: 5347: 5346: 5341: 5340: 5335: 5331: 5327: 5326: 5321: 5316: 5315: 5310: 5306: 5305: 5294: 5292: 5291: 5286: 5285: 5284:Waterloo Road 5280: 5279: 5274: 5273: 5268: 5267: 5262: 5261: 5256: 5255:Leeds Studios 5252: 5248: 5247: 5242: 5241: 5236: 5235: 5230: 5226: 5222: 5207: 5205: 5201: 5197: 5193: 5189: 5184: 5180: 5176: 5171: 5167: 5161:to the North. 5160: 5155: 5146: 5144: 5140: 5136: 5132: 5128: 5123: 5120: 5116: 5110: 5108: 5104: 5101:, as well as 5100: 5096: 5092: 5088: 5084: 5074: 5065: 5063: 5059: 5055: 5049: 5047: 5043: 5039: 5035: 5024: 5022: 5018: 5014: 5009: 5007: 5003: 4999: 4995: 4991: 4987: 4978: 4969: 4967: 4963: 4960:in the area. 4959: 4955: 4951: 4947: 4943: 4939: 4937: 4933: 4929: 4925: 4921: 4917: 4913: 4910:factory, the 4909: 4905: 4901: 4897: 4892: 4882: 4880: 4876: 4872: 4868: 4864: 4860: 4856: 4849: 4844: 4840: 4838: 4834: 4830: 4826: 4822: 4816: 4814: 4810: 4806: 4802: 4793: 4788: 4779: 4776: 4775:David Cameron 4772: 4767: 4766:public sector 4760:Public sector 4757: 4755: 4751: 4747: 4743: 4739: 4735: 4730: 4728: 4724: 4720: 4716: 4712: 4711:Alderley Edge 4709:, centred on 4708: 4704: 4700: 4696: 4691: 4686: 4684: 4680: 4676: 4672: 4662: 4660: 4656: 4651: 4649: 4645: 4641: 4637: 4633: 4629: 4625: 4621: 4617: 4616:Leeds Trinity 4613: 4609: 4605: 4601: 4597: 4593: 4589: 4585: 4581: 4577: 4573: 4569: 4565: 4561: 4557: 4553: 4549: 4545: 4541: 4537: 4533: 4532:Russell Group 4529: 4525: 4514: 4508: 4499: 4493: 4483: 4477: 4468: 4462: 4452: 4446: 4437: 4431: 4417: 4415: 4411: 4407: 4403: 4398: 4395: 4391: 4387: 4383: 4379: 4375: 4366: 4357: 4355: 4351: 4347: 4343: 4339: 4335: 4330: 4321: 4319: 4315: 4311: 4307: 4302: 4295: 4290: 4281: 4279: 4275: 4271: 4265: 4263: 4254: 4245: 4243: 4239: 4235: 4231: 4227: 4223: 4218: 4216: 4212: 4208: 4204: 4200: 4195: 4193: 4189: 4185: 4181: 4177: 4173: 4168: 4164: 4160: 4156: 4152: 4148: 4144: 4140: 4136: 4132: 4127: 4125: 4124:electric grid 4121: 4117: 4113: 4109: 4105: 4101: 4093: 4089: 4084: 4075: 4073: 4069: 4064: 4063:Orange Orders 4060: 4059:anti-Catholic 4056: 4052: 4048: 4044: 4036: 4032: 4028: 4024: 4022: 4018: 4014: 4010: 4006: 4002: 3998: 3993: 3989: 3981: 3977: 3972: 3963: 3961: 3957: 3953: 3952:Personal Rule 3949: 3945: 3940: 3937: 3933: 3929: 3924: 3922: 3918: 3914: 3910: 3906: 3902: 3898: 3894: 3890: 3886: 3876: 3874: 3870: 3866: 3862: 3858: 3854: 3850: 3846: 3842: 3838: 3833: 3829: 3825: 3821: 3817: 3812: 3810: 3806: 3802: 3798: 3794: 3790: 3786: 3782: 3778: 3774: 3770: 3766: 3762: 3754: 3751:The ruins of 3749: 3745: 3743: 3739: 3738:Domesday Book 3734: 3730: 3726: 3722: 3718: 3714: 3710: 3706: 3696: 3690: 3682: 3676: 3668: 3662: 3652: 3651:Durham Castle 3646: 3638: 3632: 3622: 3616: 3608: 3602: 3583: 3581: 3577: 3573: 3572: 3567: 3563: 3559: 3558: 3553: 3549: 3545: 3544: 3539: 3535: 3531: 3530:Norse funeral 3527: 3523: 3520:) during the 3519: 3514: 3512: 3508: 3504: 3500: 3496: 3492: 3488: 3484: 3480: 3476: 3472: 3468: 3460: 3451: 3442: 3433: 3423: 3414: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3395:Cataractonium 3392: 3388: 3384: 3380: 3376: 3372: 3368: 3364: 3360: 3356: 3352: 3347: 3345: 3341: 3337: 3333: 3325: 3320: 3311: 3309: 3305: 3301: 3300:Ferriby Boats 3297: 3293: 3289: 3284: 3281: 3277: 3272: 3270: 3266: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3250: 3246: 3242: 3234: 3230: 3216: 3214: 3210: 3206: 3201: 3197: 3193: 3191: 3187: 3183: 3173: 3171: 3170: 3165: 3164: 3159: 3158: 3153: 3152: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3122: 3120: 3117: 3113: 3112: 3107: 3106: 3101: 3100: 3095: 3091: 3087: 3083: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3066:Lake District 3063: 3058: 3049: 3045: 3043: 3042: 3037: 3036: 3031: 3027: 3026: 3021: 3020: 3015: 3014: 3009: 3008: 3004: 3000: 2995: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2970: 2963: 2959: 2956: 2952: 2948: 2944: 2940: 2929: 2925: 2921: 2917: 2913: 2909: 2905: 2893: 2891: 2887: 2883: 2879: 2875: 2871: 2867: 2864: 2860: 2859: 2854: 2850: 2845: 2843: 2839: 2835: 2831: 2827: 2823: 2819: 2815: 2811: 2807: 2803: 2799: 2796:. They are a 2795: 2791: 2785: 2777: 2774: 2770: 2765: 2739: 2735: 2732: 2729: 2726: 2723: 2720: 2717: 2714: 2711: 2708: 2705: 2702: 2699: 2697: 2694:Mean monthly 2692: 2688: 2685: 2682: 2679: 2676: 2673: 2670: 2667: 2664: 2661: 2658: 2655: 2652: 2645: 2639: 2634: 2629: 2624: 2619: 2614: 2609: 2604: 2599: 2594: 2589: 2584: 2579: 2576: 2575:precipitation 2571: 2565: 2560: 2555: 2550: 2545: 2540: 2535: 2530: 2525: 2520: 2515: 2510: 2505: 2501: 2495: 2490: 2485: 2480: 2475: 2470: 2465: 2460: 2455: 2450: 2445: 2440: 2435: 2431: 2387: 2382: 2378: 2376: 2372: 2368: 2363: 2359: 2355: 2350: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2332: 2326: 2316: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2305:Winsford Mine 2302: 2298: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2281: 2279: 2275: 2271: 2267: 2263: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2226: 2225:Bamber Bridge 2222: 2218: 2214: 2210: 2207: 2204: 2201: 2198: 2196: 2193: 2190: 2189: 2186: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2171: 2168: 2165: 2162: 2160: 2157: 2154: 2153: 2150: 2146: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2131: 2128: 2125: 2122: 2120: 2117: 2114: 2113: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2098: 2097:Middlesbrough 2095: 2092: 2089: 2086: 2084: 2081: 2078: 2077: 2074: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2054: 2051: 2048: 2045: 2042: 2040: 2037: 2034: 2033: 2030: 2026: 2022: 2018: 2017:South Shields 2014: 2010: 2007: 2004: 2001: 1998: 1996: 1993: 1990: 1989: 1986: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1966: 1962: 1959: 1956: 1953: 1950: 1948: 1945: 1942: 1941: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1910: 1906: 1902: 1898: 1894: 1891: 1888: 1885: 1882: 1880: 1877: 1874: 1873: 1870: 1866: 1862: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1846: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1822: 1818: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1802: 1798: 1794: 1791: 1788: 1785: 1782: 1780: 1777: 1774: 1773: 1769: 1763: 1757: 1754: 1751: 1748: 1747: 1743:(2011 census) 1738: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1713: 1711: 1708: 1706: 1703: 1700: 1697: 1695: 1694:Tyne and Wear 1692: 1690: 1687: 1684: 1683: 1679: 1677: 1674: 1672: 1669: 1666: 1663: 1661: 1658: 1656: 1653: 1650: 1649: 1645: 1643: 1640: 1638: 1635: 1632: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1616: 1615: 1611: 1609: 1608:Tyne and Wear 1606: 1604: 1601: 1598: 1595: 1593: 1590: 1588: 1585: 1582: 1581: 1577: 1575: 1572: 1570: 1567: 1564: 1561: 1559: 1558:Tyne and Wear 1556: 1554: 1551: 1548: 1547: 1543: 1541: 1538: 1536: 1533: 1530: 1527: 1525: 1522: 1520: 1517: 1514: 1513: 1509: 1507: 1504: 1502: 1499: 1496: 1493: 1491: 1488: 1486: 1483: 1480: 1479: 1475: 1473: 1470: 1468: 1465: 1462: 1459: 1457: 1454: 1452: 1449: 1446: 1445: 1441: 1439: 1436: 1434: 1433:Middlesbrough 1431: 1428: 1425: 1423: 1420: 1418: 1415: 1412: 1411: 1408: 1403: 1398: 1393: 1386: 1384: 1381: 1379: 1376: 1373: 1370: 1368: 1365: 1363: 1360: 1357: 1355: 1350: 1345: 1340: 1335: 1332: 1329: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1319: 1316: 1314: 1311: 1309: 1306: 1304: 1303: 1284: 1280: 1278: 1274: 1273:Tyne and Wear 1270: 1266: 1262: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1242: 1237: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1202:Middlesbrough 1199: 1195: 1186: 1182: 1173: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1134: 1130: 1128: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1111:Solway Plains 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1087: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1076:Cheviot Hills 1073: 1072:Lake District 1069: 1068:Peak District 1065: 1061: 1057: 1049: 1045: 1040: 1030: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1019:Northallerton 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 984: 980: 969: 955: 941: 927: 913: 899: 892: 885: 883: 879: 875: 870: 868: 867:East Midlands 864: 863:West Midlands 860: 859:Danny Dorling 856: 852: 848: 844: 840: 839:BBC Yorkshire 836: 832: 828: 824: 820: 816: 812: 808: 804: 800: 796: 792: 788: 784: 783:Staffordshire 780: 776: 772: 767: 765: 761: 757: 753: 749: 745: 741: 737: 733: 729: 725: 711: 699: 690: 688: 684: 680: 676: 672: 671:Tyne and Wear 668: 664: 660: 656: 652: 648: 644: 640: 639:County Durham 636: 632: 628: 624: 620: 616: 612: 602: 600: 596: 592: 588: 584: 580: 576: 572: 568: 564: 559: 557: 553: 549: 545: 541: 537: 533: 529: 524: 522: 518: 514: 510: 506: 502: 497: 495: 492: 489: 485: 482: 478: 475: 471: 467: 463: 459: 455: 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 431: 427: 418: 414: 411: 407: 401: 397: 393: 390: 388: 384: 380: 378: 374: 370: 368: 365: • 363: 359: 357: 354: • 352: 348: 344: 340: 336: 331: 327: 323: 318: 312: 309: 307: 304: 302: 299: 297: 294: 292: 289: 287: 284: 282: 279: 277: 274: 272: 269: 267: 264: 263: 256: 252: 246: 243: 241: 238: 236: 233: 231: 228: 226: 223: 221: 218: 216: 213: 212: 210: 206: 199: 195: 191: 187: 183: 180: 178: 177:Tyne and Wear 175: 173: 170: 168: 165: 162: 159: 157: 154: 152: 149: 147: 146:County Durham 144: 142: 139: 137: 134: 133: 131: 127: 124: 120: 116: 113: 109: 106: 95: 89: 86: 75: 71: 66: 60: 55: 45: 39: 35: 34:North Britain 30: 19: 18:North England 19541:Saint George 19504:Coat of arms 19443:Rugby league 19396:Sunday Roast 19317:Demographics 19247:Independence 19064:Contemporary 19022:Georgian era 19007:Jacobean era 18982:Tudor period 18974:Early Modern 18752: 18743: 18722:. Retrieved 18715:the original 18706: 18693:. Retrieved 18686:the original 18677: 18663: 18642: 18621: 18600: 18579: 18555: 18534: 18513: 18491: 18469: 18448: 18431:. Springer. 18428: 18405:. Retrieved 18392: 18380:. Retrieved 18371: 18368:"Hull Ferry" 18351: 18339:. Retrieved 18330: 18299: 18287:. Retrieved 18274: 18262:. Retrieved 18251: 18242: 18224: 18218: 18194: 18172:. Retrieved 18167:the original 18161: 18151: 18139:. Retrieved 18135: 18125: 18113:. Retrieved 18109: 18099: 18087:. Retrieved 18079:The Guardian 18078: 18068: 18056: 18044:. Retrieved 18030: 18018:. Retrieved 17993:. Retrieved 17980: 17968:. Retrieved 17964: 17954: 17945: 17939: 17920: 17899:. Retrieved 17894: 17885: 17873:. Retrieved 17869: 17859: 17847:. Retrieved 17843:the original 17833: 17821:. Retrieved 17771: 17765: 17746: 17740: 17721: 17715: 17703:. Retrieved 17688: 17676: 17657: 17651: 17639:. Retrieved 17632:the original 17619: 17607:. Retrieved 17571: 17559:. Retrieved 17550: 17525:. Retrieved 17519:. Bradford. 17516: 17506: 17494:. Retrieved 17488: 17478: 17466:. Retrieved 17457: 17443:. Retrieved 17434: 17424: 17416:the original 17411: 17401: 17382: 17376: 17364:. Retrieved 17355: 17345: 17333:. Retrieved 17324: 17314: 17305: 17299: 17287:. Retrieved 17277: 17265:. Retrieved 17256: 17247: 17235:. Retrieved 17221: 17216:, p. 3. 17209: 17196:. Retrieved 17161:. Retrieved 17152: 17143: 17124: 17118: 17099: 17093: 17074: 17065: 17055: 17048: 17029: 17023: 17011:. Retrieved 16997: 16985:. Retrieved 16981:the original 16971: 16959:. Retrieved 16945: 16927: 16920: 16908:. Retrieved 16897: 16885: 16873:. Retrieved 16867: 16857: 16845:. Retrieved 16841: 16831: 16819:. Retrieved 16810: 16801: 16789:. Retrieved 16781:The Guardian 16780: 16771: 16759:. Retrieved 16750: 16740: 16728:. Retrieved 16719: 16710: 16698:. Retrieved 16694: 16684: 16665: 16659: 16647:The Guardian 16646: 16636: 16617: 16611: 16599:. Retrieved 16590: 16577: 16565:. Retrieved 16556: 16546: 16534:. Retrieved 16525: 16494: 16488: 16469: 16463: 16451:. Retrieved 16446:The Guardian 16444: 16435: 16423:. Retrieved 16414: 16405: 16393:. Retrieved 16373: 16354: 16348: 16329: 16323: 16311:. Retrieved 16302: 16292: 16273: 16264: 16244: 16238: 16226:. Retrieved 16222: 16212: 16193: 16190:Pugh, Martin 16160: 16137:. Retrieved 16133: 16124: 16112:. Retrieved 16104:The Guardian 16103: 16094: 16082:. Retrieved 16078: 16055:15 September 16053:. Retrieved 16049: 16040: 16028:. Retrieved 16017: 16005: 15984:. Retrieved 15981:The Guardian 15980: 15970: 15955: 15942:. Retrieved 15933: 15901: 15895: 15876: 15870: 15858:. Retrieved 15854:the original 15844: 15825: 15797: 15776:. Retrieved 15762: 15750:. Retrieved 15746:the original 15741: 15732: 15720:. Retrieved 15716: 15706: 15694:. Retrieved 15690: 15680: 15668: 15656:. Retrieved 15646: 15637: 15626:. Retrieved 15593: 15587: 15575:. Retrieved 15545:. Retrieved 15537:The Guardian 15536: 15526: 15514:. Retrieved 15505: 15496: 15477: 15471: 15452: 15446: 15434:. Retrieved 15426:The Guardian 15425: 15415: 15403:. Retrieved 15393: 15366: 15362: 15356: 15347: 15343: 15337: 15325:. Retrieved 15316: 15306: 15294:. Retrieved 15280: 15268:. Retrieved 15257: 15248: 15236:. Retrieved 15231: 15222: 15203: 15197: 15185:. Retrieved 15181: 15171: 15159:. Retrieved 15150: 15138: 15119: 15113: 15091: 15085: 15073:. Retrieved 15062: 15052: 15040:. Retrieved 15031: 15022: 15003: 14997: 14985:. Retrieved 14971: 14959:. Retrieved 14952:the original 14947: 14935: 14923:. Retrieved 14915:The Guardian 14914: 14889:. Retrieved 14885: 14875: 14863:. Retrieved 14854: 14845: 14833:. Retrieved 14822: 14812: 14793: 14787: 14778: 14759: 14726: 14719: 14710: 14683:. Retrieved 14674: 14662: 14650:. Retrieved 14645: 14636: 14624:. Retrieved 14620:The Guardian 14619: 14610: 14598:. Retrieved 14593: 14584: 14572:. Retrieved 14563: 14551: 14539:. Retrieved 14530: 14521: 14509:. Retrieved 14501:The Guardian 14500: 14490: 14471: 14465: 14458:Russell 2004 14453: 14434: 14428: 14403: 14399: 14386: 14381:, p. 4. 14379:Russell 2004 14374: 14352:Russell 2004 14347: 14335:. Retrieved 14326: 14301:. Retrieved 14273:. Retrieved 14264: 14252: 14240:. Retrieved 14231: 14222: 14210:. Retrieved 14201: 14192: 14176:. Springer. 14173: 14167: 14154: 14144: 14132:. Retrieved 14123: 14099:. Retrieved 14090: 14080: 14068:. Retrieved 14059: 14049: 14037:. Retrieved 14022: 14010:. Retrieved 14002:The Guardian 14001: 13991: 13979:. Retrieved 13972:the original 13958: 13946:. Retrieved 13937: 13928: 13915: 13905: 13893:. Retrieved 13884: 13874: 13862: 13850:. Retrieved 13835: 13823:. Retrieved 13815:VisitBritain 13814: 13805: 13793:. Retrieved 13786:the original 13782:VisitBritain 13781: 13769: 13757: 13745: 13726: 13720: 13708:. Retrieved 13699: 13693: 13685: 13666: 13660: 13641: 13635: 13616: 13610: 13598:. Retrieved 13588: 13576:. Retrieved 13567: 13558: 13551:Russell 2004 13546: 13534:. Retrieved 13525: 13515: 13503:. Retrieved 13494: 13466: 13454:. Retrieved 13445: 13435: 13408:. Retrieved 13404:the original 13394: 13382:. Retrieved 13377:the original 13371: 13361: 13349:. Retrieved 13340: 13331: 13319:. Retrieved 13312:the original 13307: 13295: 13283:. Retrieved 13270: 13258:. Retrieved 13249: 13225:. Retrieved 13216: 13206: 13194:. Retrieved 13185: 13161:. Retrieved 13152: 13142: 13130:. Retrieved 13125: 13116: 13104:. Retrieved 13089: 13077:. Retrieved 13073:the original 13068: 13041:. Retrieved 13032: 13008:. Retrieved 13004:the original 12999: 12989: 12977:. Retrieved 12972: 12963: 12951:. Retrieved 12944:the original 12915:. Retrieved 12911: 12898: 12886:. Retrieved 12877: 12867: 12855:. Retrieved 12846: 12836: 12827: 12817: 12805:. Retrieved 12796: 12787: 12775:. Retrieved 12766: 12756: 12744:. Retrieved 12740:the original 12735: 12725: 12718:Maconie 2007 12713: 12694: 12673:. Retrieved 12665:The Guardian 12664: 12654: 12642:. Retrieved 12634:The Guardian 12633: 12623: 12610: 12601: 12596:, p. 9. 12589: 12577:. Retrieved 12570:the original 12556: 12544:. Retrieved 12535: 12525: 12513:. Retrieved 12504: 12494: 12482:. Retrieved 12473: 12463: 12451:. Retrieved 12442: 12433: 12424: 12417: 12405:. Retrieved 12396: 12386: 12374:. Retrieved 12371:The Guardian 12370: 12360: 12348:. Retrieved 12344: 12331: 12319:. Retrieved 12315: 12288:. Retrieved 12279: 12269: 12257:. Retrieved 12248: 12236: 12224:. Retrieved 12220: 12195:. Retrieved 12165:. Retrieved 12158:the original 12144: 12132:. Retrieved 12123: 12113: 12101:. Retrieved 12097:the original 12092: 12083: 12071:. Retrieved 12062: 12053: 12041:. Retrieved 12027: 12015:. Retrieved 12010: 11986:. Retrieved 11977: 11968: 11956:. Retrieved 11947: 11937: 11925:. Retrieved 11916: 11907: 11895:. Retrieved 11886: 11877: 11865:. Retrieved 11856: 11846: 11834:. Retrieved 11830: 11821: 11809:. Retrieved 11805: 11796: 11784:. Retrieved 11775: 11763: 11751:. Retrieved 11742: 11733: 11710: 11703: 11691:. Retrieved 11683:The Guardian 11682: 11672: 11660:. Retrieved 11651: 11617: 11611: 11604:Russell 2004 11599: 11587:. Retrieved 11578: 11569: 11550: 11544: 11525: 11519: 11510: 11504: 11485: 11464:. Retrieved 11455: 11445: 11433:. Retrieved 11426:the original 11400:. Retrieved 11391: 11381: 11369:. Retrieved 11360: 11350: 11331: 11325: 11306: 11300: 11284:. Hachette. 11281: 11272: 11260:. Retrieved 11251: 11242: 11230:. Retrieved 11221: 11211: 11199:. Retrieved 11190: 11181: 11169:. Retrieved 11160: 11151: 11139:. Retrieved 11130: 11105: 11096: 11090: 11078:. Retrieved 11069: 11060: 11048:. Retrieved 11039: 11030: 11013: 11010:Grundy, John 10996: 10984:. Retrieved 10975: 10965: 10946: 10940: 10921: 10915: 10903:. Retrieved 10899:the original 10889: 10856: 10852: 10846: 10834: 10813: 10790:. Retrieved 10781: 10749: 10743: 10731:. Retrieved 10722: 10713: 10694: 10688: 10679: 10673: 10654: 10648: 10636:. Retrieved 10632:the original 10622: 10603: 10597: 10578: 10572: 10556:. Infobase. 10553: 10525: 10519: 10500: 10494: 10485: 10480: 10474:. Routledge. 10471: 10465: 10453: 10445: 10426: 10420: 10413:Harding 2004 10408: 10389: 10383: 10371:. Retrieved 10362: 10353: 10341:. Retrieved 10332: 10323: 10304: 10298: 10286:. Retrieved 10277: 10253: 10236:. Retrieved 10222: 10210: 10198:. Retrieved 10194: 10181: 10169:. Retrieved 10165:the original 10138: 10119: 10113: 10101:. Retrieved 10092: 10083: 10064: 10058: 10039: 10033: 10021:. Retrieved 10003: 9991:. Retrieved 9982: 9957: 9945:. Retrieved 9936: 9926: 9914: 9902: 9890: 9878: 9866:. Retrieved 9855: 9846: 9841:, p. 1. 9812: 9806: 9794: 9774: 9767: 9755:. Retrieved 9746: 9722:. Retrieved 9713: 9700:. Retrieved 9691: 9667:. Retrieved 9663: 9654: 9621: 9617: 9607: 9596: 9583: 9571:. Retrieved 9567: 9557: 9544: 9534: 9522:. Retrieved 9511: 9498:. Retrieved 9494:the original 9489: 9463: 9456: 9437: 9409: 9403: 9390:. Retrieved 9377: 9365:. Retrieved 9361: 9351: 9339:. Retrieved 9330: 9318:. Retrieved 9311:the original 9298: 9286:. Retrieved 9282:the original 9277: 9268: 9256:. Retrieved 9247: 9238: 9219: 9213: 9201:. Retrieved 9192: 9167:. Retrieved 9163: 9153: 9141:. Retrieved 9132: 9123: 9111:. Retrieved 9102: 9093: 9081:. Retrieved 9077:the original 9067: 9055:. Retrieved 9024:. Retrieved 9009: 9003: 8991:. Retrieved 8982: 8955:. Retrieved 8946: 8936: 8929:Russell 2004 8924: 8912: 8893: 8887: 8875:. Retrieved 8866: 8856: 8844:. Retrieved 8840:the original 8835: 8825: 8818:Maconie 2007 8813: 8794: 8788: 8781:Maconie 2007 8776: 8763: 8757: 8745:. Retrieved 8741: 8732: 8713: 8690:. Retrieved 8686:the original 8681: 8671: 8659:. Retrieved 8655: 8646: 8634:. Retrieved 8631:Carlscam.com 8630: 8621: 8614:Russell 2004 8579: 8567:. Retrieved 8563: 8553: 8542: 8534: 8527:. Retrieved 8523: 8514: 8502:. Retrieved 8491: 8467: 8458: 8449: 8440: 8431: 8422: 8409:, refers to 8406: 8397: 8390:Central Belt 8380: 8363: 8354: 8345: 8336: 8323: 8305:West Country 8290:The Midlands 8209:Port of Hull 8174: 8138:Sankey Brook 8135: 8089: 8071:in 2020 and 8062: 8058: 8031: 7867:in 1960 and 7830: 7826:High Speed 2 7818:Northern Hub 7803: 7799:rail freight 7760: 7721:deregulation 7707: 7676: 7646:and eastern 7633: 7600:Merseytravel 7585: 7577: 7541: 7519:Spiritualism 7517: 7482: 7469:Other faiths 7440: 7422: 7395: 7376: 7360:patron saint 7324:Christianity 7322: 7312: 10–20% 7242:York Minster 7206:Christianity 7182: 7145: 7095: 7051:Labour Party 7043:Home Nations 7032: 7016: Labour 6989: 6976: 6966: 6956: 6938: 6817: 6788:Test matches 6750: 6677:play in the 6669:play in the 6648: 6644:Championship 6640:Super League 6632:M62 corridor 6628:rugby league 6613: 6528:England team 6521: 6478: 6462: 6420: 6393: 6362:Leeds United 6344:Liverpool FC 6264:Grand Départ 6241: 6194: 6187: 6178:Leeds Rhinos 6057: 6034: 6004:Traditional 6003: 5909: 5898: 5896: 5864:Double Maxim 5853: 5810: 5755: 5663: 5656: 5650: 5610: 5557:Andy Burnham 5549:child labour 5540: 5538: 5497: 5490: 5483: 5388: 5384: 5378: 5372: 5366: 5360: 5353: 5349: 5345:Daily Mirror 5343: 5337: 5323: 5319: 5312: 5308: 5304:The Guardian 5302: 5300: 5288: 5282: 5276: 5272:Clocking Off 5270: 5264: 5258: 5250: 5244: 5238: 5232: 5218: 5168:is the only 5164: 5137:: of the 24 5124: 5111: 5095:New Brighton 5079: 5050: 5030: 5021:Call centres 5010: 4983: 4940: 4932:Springfields 4888: 4852: 4817: 4797: 4763: 4731: 4687: 4683:productivity 4668: 4652: 4648:York St John 4608:Huddersfield 4521: 4399: 4371: 4331: 4327: 4298: 4266: 4259: 4248:Demographics 4226:the Troubles 4219: 4196: 4128: 4120:Jarrow March 4097: 4040: 3985: 3982:in the North 3925: 3921:King's Manor 3882: 3863:, while the 3853:Lancastrians 3813: 3793:Bolton Abbey 3785:Whitby Abbey 3758: 3702: 3569: 3555: 3541: 3515: 3464: 3441:Anglo-Saxons 3439: Other 3383:Deva Victrix 3351:Roman Empire 3348: 3329: 3308:pastoralists 3288:Lincolnshire 3285: 3273: 3238: 3194: 3179: 3167: 3161: 3155: 3149: 3123: 3109: 3103: 3097: 3079: 3046: 3039: 3033: 3023: 3017: 3011: 3006: 3002: 2996: 2991: 2983: 2972: 2965: 2962:glottal stop 2957: 2946: 2942: 2919: 2915: 2894: 2889: 2885: 2881: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2856: 2849:River Wharfe 2846: 2836:(Teesside), 2832:(Tyneside), 2820:(Wearside), 2810:Northumbrian 2787: 2768: 2577:mm (inches) 2351: 2328: 2282: 2236: 1901:Huddersfield 1720: 1501:Huddersfield 1239:Analysis by 1238: 1210:urbanisation 1190: 1185:Urban sprawl 1154:Scafell Pike 1139: 1115:glacial lake 1088: 1086:coastline. 1053: 991:the Midlands 975: 871: 807:Chesterfield 775:Lincolnshire 768: 760:VisitBritain 740:River Mersey 721: 687:Lincolnshire 613:of England: 608: 601:of England. 560: 550:and a short 532:economically 525: 498: 429: 425: 424: 161:Lincolnshire 38: 29: 19622:Northumbria 19460:Rugby union 19292:Anglophilia 19235:Middle Ages 19040:Regency era 19032:Late Modern 18942:Middle Ages 18901:Prehistoric 18115:30 November 18020:30 November 17875:30 November 17214:Dobson 1996 17013:23 February 16987:23 February 16961:23 February 16453:13 December 16303:Vanity Fair 15994:Gary Cahill 15964:. Sky News. 15673:Holder 2005 14406:(1): 4–16. 14367:Ehland 2007 14091:Radio Times 13981:16 December 13762:Ehland 2007 13750:Ehland 2007 13692:"Review of 11575:"The Blitz" 11110:Jewell 1994 11099:. Longmans. 11070:Tudor Times 10839:Jewell 1994 10697:. Penguin. 10695:The Vikings 10638:23 February 10143:Hickey 2015 9962:Cockin 2012 9919:Hickey 2015 9907:Hickey 2015 9895:Hickey 2015 9883:Hickey 2015 9839:Hickey 2015 9362:CityMonitor 8896:. Penguin. 8636:22 December 8403:Old English 8275:East Anglia 8197:Isle of Man 8166:canal rings 7703:block-paved 7695:snickelways 7685:, tenfoot, 7442:sui generis 7332:Lindisfarne 7189:Northumbria 7167:regionalist 7110:Eurosceptic 7039:trade union 6986:C. P. Scott 6772:Roses Match 6753:first-class 6663:Sale Sharks 6636:2023 season 6624:rugby union 6568:Craven Park 6445:Great Lever 6418:for fouls. 6366:Elland Road 6123:Maxïmo Park 6090:bands from 6068:The Beatles 5948:South Asian 5880:soft drinks 5545:coal mining 5539:The phrase 5517:battle-axes 5508:matriarchal 5229:soap operas 5221:MediaCityUK 5107:North Wales 5087:Whitley Bay 4837:hen harrier 4636:Northumbria 4566:, form the 4312:(0.6%) and 4262:2021 census 4051:1851 census 4013:steelmaking 3992:water power 3905:Elizabeth I 3816:the Anarchy 3797:Augustinian 3789:Benedictine 3761:Cistercians 3681:York Castle 3548:Cleethorpes 3538:place names 3526:grave goods 3507:Lindisfarne 3499:Aethelfrith 3495:Northumbria 3432:Northumbria 3353:during the 3269:Paleolithic 3253:Neanderthal 3239:During the 3166:(1960) and 3108:(1911) and 2888:instead of 2872:instead of 2863:Old English 2842:around Hull 2806:Lancastrian 2362:rain shadow 2309:Boulby Mine 2065:Swallownest 1766:(People/km) 1755:Population 1723:city limits 1298:2021 Census 1269:Tees Valley 1095:Pleistocene 1066:Gap to the 983:Northampton 979:Watford Gap 904:Watford Gap 874:Northumbria 752:Isle of Man 748:River Trent 732:Westmorland 605:Definitions 517:2021 census 477:Northumbria 462:Westmorland 235:Tees Valley 190:East Riding 19601:Categories 19553:Tudor rose 19257:Parliament 18753:True North 17551:CityMetric 15742:Great Runs 12736:CityMetric 11222:CityMetric 10818:. Dawson. 10065:Billy Liar 9799:Wales 2006 9747:Met Office 9714:Met Office 9692:Met Office 9664:Met Office 9248:CityMetric 9193:CityMetric 8917:Wales 2006 8656:UK Free TV 8599:Wales 2006 8478:References 8054:Humberside 8034:Manchester 7881:light rail 7837:Birkenhead 7791:West Coast 7787:East Coast 7719:following 7672:Roman road 7542:The first 7491:until the 7306: 5–8% 7300: 3–4% 7199:See also: 7154:to create 7152:Tony Blair 7148:devolution 7033:The first 6982:free trade 6839:See also: 6808:Jack Sharp 6764:Lancashire 6701:Durham CCC 6655:All Blacks 6546:See also: 6517:Sunderland 6472:. Intense 6463:Organised 6437:Upton Park 6416:free kicks 6225:dog racing 6205:amateurism 6174:Boxing Day 6158:relegation 6103:indie rock 6080:Madchester 6064:Merseybeat 6043:after the 6006:folk music 5944:Curry Mile 5932:Manchester 5924:Chinatowns 5856:brown ales 5849:fat rascal 5827:cake with 5770:mushy peas 5704:mushy peas 5677:sportswear 5632:, with an 5577:Merseyside 5573:Lancashire 5355:Daily Star 5339:Daily Mail 5307:(formerly 5297:Newspapers 5215:Television 5179:Warrington 5127:industrial 4936:Sellafield 4894:plants at 4871:overfished 4792:Teeswaters 4644:Sunderland 4620:Leeds Arts 4544:Manchester 4438:Great Hall 4184:Bangladesh 4159:Merseyside 4155:Manchester 4001:soft water 3901:Henry VIII 3883:After the 3552:Scunthorpe 3522:Viking Age 3503:Golden Age 3475:Hen Ogledd 3465:After the 3411:River Tyne 3298:, and the 3296:Bronze Age 3278:era, with 3276:Mesolithic 3215:speakers. 3157:Billy Liar 3119:Ted Hughes 3070:Wordsworth 3052:Literature 3030:possessive 2951:homophones 2928:non-rhotic 2908:shibboleth 2858:sprachraum 2853:River Lune 2358:westerlies 2343:Cross Fell 2323:See also: 2274:Doddington 2258:millstones 2246:Lancashire 2177:Cottingham 2137:Washington 2133:Sunderland 2119:Sunderland 2105:Billingham 2073:Killamarsh 1985:Litherland 1965:St. Helens 1883:1,777,934 1829:Altrincham 1793:Manchester 1783:2,553,379 1729:it leads ( 1727:urban area 1689:Sunderland 1655:Warrington 1540:Lancashire 1485:Manchester 1422:Merseyside 1407:Manchester 1383:Lancashire 1253:Manchester 1226:Manchester 1206:Sunderland 1158:Windermere 1117:forms the 1091:ice sheets 1048:Relief map 1037:See also: 1007:River Tees 831:Shropshire 799:Manchester 787:satellites 771:Derbyshire 728:Cumberland 655:Merseyside 651:Lancashire 528:culturally 509:North West 505:North East 491:Hen Ogledd 486:, and the 454:Lancashire 446:Cumberland 381:Northerner 360:12,782,940 341:14,933,000 333:Population 306:Sunderland 301:Warrington 281:Manchester 225:North East 167:Merseyside 156:Lancashire 19477:Wimbledon 19322:Education 19174:Districts 19157:Geography 19055:The Blitz 19012:Civil War 18926:Heptarchy 18855:Education 18838:Overviews 18136:The Times 17253:"England" 16937:14028100M 16223:BBC Sport 16134:BBC Sport 16050:BBC Sport 15998:Dronfield 15752:2 October 15722:2 October 15696:2 October 14420:147445069 14232:Newsworks 12746:2 October 12376:2 October 9026:2 October 8569:25 August 8483:Citations 8181:Immingham 8142:St Helens 8065:Blackpool 8038:Newcastle 7871:in 1962, 7853:Pier Head 7574:Transport 7560:gurdwaras 7513:Gateshead 7485:Lancaster 7391:Methodism 7125:far-right 7123:with the 6994:Corn Laws 6945:socialism 6796:Middlesex 6768:Yorkshire 6524:Euro 2016 6489:Liverpool 6412:throw-ins 6164:ceremony. 6119:Chris Rea 5936:Newcastle 5928:Liverpool 5642:headscarf 5581:Yorkshire 5278:Shameless 5251:Emmerdale 5246:Hollyoaks 5240:Emmerdale 5225:Channel 4 5192:Cybermoor 5083:Morecambe 5062:analytics 5034:spin-offs 4994:Morrisons 4962:Shale gas 4855:Fleetwood 4813:livestock 4734:Rust Belt 4703:Harrogate 4604:Edge Hill 4564:Lancaster 4552:Sheffield 4548:Newcastle 4540:Liverpool 4420:Education 4394:Blackpool 4354:Methodist 4284:Languages 4270:Allerdale 4167:Sheffield 4163:Newcastle 4139:The Blitz 4131:Luftwaffe 4092:Gateshead 4047:Irish Sea 4031:Pier Head 4017:shipyards 4005:Cleveland 3913:recusancy 3830:was made 3777:Kirkstall 3534:etymology 3399:Catterick 3387:legionary 3363:Caratacus 3336:Brigantia 3332:Brigantes 3304:hillforts 3280:Star Carr 3213:Cantonese 3062:daffodils 2822:Mancunian 2790:Old Norse 2301:rock salt 2289:fluorspar 2270:Yorkstone 2262:sandstone 2069:Eckington 2057:Rotherham 2053:Sheffield 2039:Sheffield 2021:Tynemouth 2013:Gateshead 1961:Liverpool 1947:Liverpool 1925:Brighouse 1905:Wakefield 1845:Middleton 1833:Stretford 1805:Stockport 1603:Gateshead 1569:Stockport 1535:Blackburn 1451:Sheffield 1417:Liverpool 1397:Sheffield 1378:Blackpool 1354:Liverpool 1257:Sheffield 1245:Liverpool 1234:Sheffield 1222:Liverpool 1218:Doncaster 1212:from the 1162:Wastwater 1084:North Sea 1082:near the 1013:suggests 1003:Sheffield 987:Leicester 946:Sheffield 853:known as 791:High Peak 736:Yorkshire 556:North Sea 548:Irish Sea 466:Yorkshire 428:, or the 387:Time zone 371:2,150,060 311:Blackpool 276:Sheffield 271:Liverpool 182:Yorkshire 19581:Category 19526:Oak tree 19521:Heraldry 19426:Football 19379:Religion 19342:Identity 19327:Folklore 19252:Monarchy 19218:Politics 19189:Parishes 19169:Counties 18870:Military 18865:Maritime 18845:Timeline 18577:(2007). 18376:Archived 18361:Archived 18335:Archived 18320:Archived 18309:Archived 18258:Archived 18083:Archived 18040:Archived 17895:BBC News 17870:Politico 17705:23 March 17699:Archived 17600:Archived 17555:Archived 17527:14 March 17521:Archived 17496:14 March 17468:18 March 17462:Archived 17445:18 March 17439:Archived 17366:17 March 17360:Archived 17356:BBC News 17335:14 March 17329:Archived 17289:14 March 17267:14 March 17261:Archived 17237:13 March 17231:Archived 17198:18 March 17192:Archived 17163:18 March 17157:Archived 17073:(1991). 17007:Archived 16955:Archived 16910:23 March 16904:Archived 16875:26 March 16847:26 March 16815:Archived 16785:Archived 16755:Archived 16724:Archived 16720:BBC News 16651:Archived 16601:10 March 16595:Archived 16561:Archived 16536:10 March 16530:Archived 16419:Archived 16386:Archived 16307:Archived 16272:(2010). 16192:(2013). 16108:Archived 16084:5 August 16079:BBC News 16024:Archived 15938:Archived 15860:20 April 15778:15 March 15772:Archived 15619:Archived 15571:Archived 15541:Archived 15510:Archived 15430:Archived 15399:Archived 15350:: 12–21. 15321:Archived 15290:Archived 15264:Archived 15155:Archived 15069:Archived 15036:Archived 14987:13 March 14981:Archived 14919:Archived 14859:Archived 14829:Archived 14679:Archived 14594:BBC News 14568:Archived 14541:21 March 14535:Archived 14531:BBC News 14505:Archived 14331:Archived 14269:Archived 14236:Archived 14206:Archived 14202:BBC News 14159:Archived 14128:Archived 14095:Archived 14064:Archived 14060:BBC News 14033:Archived 14006:Archived 13942:Archived 13920:Archived 13889:Archived 13846:Archived 13819:Archived 13704:Archived 13600:12 March 13578:12 March 13572:Archived 13536:16 March 13530:Archived 13526:BBC News 13505:12 March 13499:Archived 13456:12 March 13450:Archived 13410:16 March 13384:12 March 13351:12 March 13345:Archived 13341:BBC News 13321:12 March 13260:12 March 13254:Archived 13227:12 March 13221:Archived 13196:12 March 13190:Archived 13163:12 March 13157:Archived 13132:25 April 13126:BBC News 13106:12 March 13100:Archived 13079:12 March 13043:12 March 13037:Archived 13010:11 March 12979:11 March 12953:11 March 12917:12 March 12888:12 March 12882:Archived 12857:12 March 12851:Archived 12807:13 March 12801:Archived 12797:BBC News 12777:13 March 12771:Archived 12675:12 March 12669:Archived 12644:12 March 12638:Archived 12615:Archived 12540:Archived 12515:12 March 12509:Archived 12484:12 March 12478:Archived 12453:11 March 12447:Archived 12401:Archived 12397:BBC News 12284:Archived 12253:Archived 12197:14 March 12191:Archived 12167:14 March 12134:14 March 12128:Archived 12073:18 March 12067:Archived 12037:Archived 12017:13 March 11988:13 March 11982:Archived 11958:14 March 11952:Archived 11927:13 March 11921:Archived 11897:13 March 11891:Archived 11867:13 March 11861:Archived 11836:8 August 11811:8 August 11786:13 March 11780:Archived 11753:13 March 11747:Archived 11693:10 March 11687:Archived 11656:Archived 11589:10 March 11583:Archived 11466:13 March 11460:Archived 11435:10 March 11402:10 March 11396:Archived 11371:10 March 11365:Archived 11280:(2010). 11256:Archived 11226:Archived 11201:10 March 11195:Archived 11171:10 March 11165:Archived 11135:Archived 11074:Archived 11044:Archived 11020:. Yale: 10980:Archived 10786:Archived 10727:Archived 10373:18 March 10367:Archived 10363:BBC News 10337:Archived 10282:Archived 10232:Archived 10171:13 March 10103:13 March 10097:Archived 10095:. 2013. 10023:23 March 10017:Archived 9993:23 March 9987:Archived 9941:Archived 9862:Archived 9757:16 March 9751:Archived 9724:16 March 9718:Archived 9702:16 March 9696:Archived 9573:17 March 9549:Archived 9524:14 March 9518:Archived 9500:14 March 9341:7 August 9320:12 March 9252:Archived 9197:Archived 9164:BBC News 9137:Archived 9107:Archived 8987:Archived 8951:Archived 8871:Archived 8846:15 March 8373:the Wash 8265:Cornwall 8249:See also 8187:and the 8185:Teesport 8155:Cheshire 8050:Teesside 7857:Rochdale 7717:bus wars 7640:motorway 7416:and 240 7340:Connacht 7244:and the 7195:Religion 7156:devolved 7091:centrist 7083:Liberals 7079:red wall 6988:and the 6835:Politics 6778:and the 6266:for the 6254:and the 6229:whippets 6201:Oxbridge 6133:between 6115:Teesside 6109:and the 6014:bagpipes 5882:such as 5858:such as 5774:meat pie 5658:clogging 5618:flat cap 5599:Clothing 5565:Cheshire 5352:and the 5342:and the 5173:60 5131:heritage 5038:graphene 4859:Cod Wars 4748:and the 4690:deprived 4659:Oxbridge 4592:Bradford 4580:Teesside 4342:Anglican 4324:Religion 4236:and the 4180:Pakistan 4118:and the 3976:Saltaire 3956:Royalist 3865:Yorkists 3857:Scotland 3805:Beverley 3773:Rievaulx 3742:manorial 3568:and the 3566:Ormskirk 3562:Kirklees 3536:of many 3479:Bernicia 3391:Mamucium 3377:(modern 3375:Eboracum 3340:Carvetii 3245:cave art 3241:ice ages 3205:Bradford 3172:(1968). 3160:(1959), 3154:(1959), 3102:(1906), 3096:such as 3082:Romantic 2999:pronouns 2826:Pitmatic 2802:Cumbrian 2792:and the 2776:isogloss 2736:1,376.2 2649:(≥ 1 mm) 2642:(38.18) 2573:Average 2367:sea fret 2285:iron ore 2199:313,322 2185:Willerby 2163:314,018 2123:335,415 2087:376,633 2083:Teesside 2061:Rawmarsh 2043:685,368 2025:Wallsend 1999:774,891 1995:Tyneside 1951:864,122 1917:Keighley 1913:Dewsbury 1897:Bradford 1865:Golborne 1821:Atherton 1801:Rochdale 1764:Density 1714:108,410 1680:110,720 1660:Cheshire 1646:111,255 1637:Rochdale 1612:115,280 1578:117,935 1544:124,955 1519:Bradford 1510:141,675 1476:141,685 1442:148,215 1387:149,070 1326:Counties 1313:Counties 1166:treeless 1107:Cheshire 1099:Glaciers 1056:Pennines 1023:Richmond 981:between 960:Richmond 815:Bolsover 631:Cheshire 536:Midlands 494:kingdoms 470:medieval 442:Cheshire 136:Cheshire 129:Counties 19572:Outline 19491:Symbols 19414:Cricket 19362:Museums 19312:Cuisine 19302:Castles 19271:Culture 19230:Economy 19199:Regions 19184:Islands 19179:Gardens 19126:Related 18911:Lloegyr 18894:Ancient 18830:History 18821:England 18695:6 March 18407:6 March 18382:6 March 18341:6 March 18289:6 March 18264:6 March 18200:189–190 18174:6 March 18141:6 March 18089:6 March 18046:6 March 17970:7 March 17901:7 March 17849:4 March 17823:4 March 17641:7 March 17609:7 March 17561:5 March 16821:3 March 16791:3 March 16761:3 March 16730:3 March 16567:3 March 16425:3 March 16395:3 March 16313:3 March 16228:6 March 16139:17 July 16114:8 March 15986:11 July 15944:6 March 15717:Cyclist 15658:9 March 15628:6 March 15577:8 March 15547:8 March 15533:"Duels" 15516:8 March 15436:8 March 15405:8 March 15375:4521880 15327:3 April 15296:7 March 15270:7 March 15238:26 June 15232:The Tab 15187:7 March 15161:7 March 15075:7 March 15042:7 March 14925:7 March 14891:9 March 14835:9 March 14511:9 March 14435:England 14337:8 March 14303:8 March 14275:8 March 14242:9 March 14212:8 March 14134:8 March 14101:8 March 14070:8 March 14039:8 March 14012:8 March 13825:8 March 13795:8 March 13710:7 March 12828:Reuters 12407:9 March 12350:9 March 12321:7 March 12290:7 March 12103:3 March 12043:3 March 11662:3 March 11262:9 March 11232:9 March 11141:9 March 11080:3 March 11050:9 March 10986:9 March 10905:9 March 10861:Bibcode 10792:9 March 10733:9 March 10450:Tacitus 10343:5 March 10288:5 March 10238:5 March 9947:3 March 9868:3 March 9646:8615577 9626:Bibcode 9367:31 July 9288:5 March 9258:5 March 9203:5 March 9169:2 March 9143:5 March 9113:5 March 9083:5 March 9057:4 March 8993:3 March 8957:3 March 8877:3 March 8747:25 June 8692:3 March 8661:20 June 8529:31 July 8329:Watford 8201:Ireland 8177:Grimsby 7849:suburbs 7699:cobbled 7660:A1 road 7564:mandirs 7550:in the 7523:Owenist 7457:by the 7406:Baptist 7372:tonsure 7096:At the 6951:, from 6941:Marxism 6804:bowlers 6758:teams: 6685:Cricket 6606:Stadium 6564:Hull KR 6485:Everton 6441:Burnley 6422:In 1883 6408:corners 6310:Stadium 6213:cricket 5900:The Tab 5825:oatmeal 5817:Cheddar 5684:Cuisine 5624:, or a 5589:Cumbria 5561:The KLF 5325:The Sun 5097:on the 4924:Stanlow 4920:Lindsey 4879:seafood 4863:Iceland 4665:Economy 4600:Cumbria 4596:Chester 4576:Salford 4390:obesity 4338:leading 4314:Punjabi 4260:At the 4192:Preston 4068:pogroms 4055:Salford 3814:During 3801:Flemish 3719:at the 3711:at the 3580:Grimsby 3518:Danelaw 3511:Cumbric 3450:Danelaw 3359:Tacitus 3267:of the 3219:History 3196:Contact 3064:of the 2980:elision 2861:of the 2834:Smoggie 2830:Geordie 2759:Dialect 2754:English 2637:(3.91) 2632:(3.86) 2627:(3.96) 2622:(3.18) 2617:(3.24) 2612:(2.85) 2607:(2.83) 2602:(2.40) 2597:(2.56) 2592:(2.96) 2587:(2.72) 2582:(3.70) 2568:(41.5) 2563:(33.6) 2558:(37.8) 2553:(43.2) 2548:(48.0) 2543:(51.6) 2538:(51.8) 2533:(48.0) 2528:(42.8) 2523:(38.1) 2518:(35.8) 2513:(33.1) 2508:(33.3) 2498:(54.3) 2493:(44.1) 2488:(48.4) 2483:(55.0) 2478:(61.7) 2473:(66.4) 2468:(66.9) 2463:(63.1) 2458:(58.5) 2453:(52.5) 2448:(47.8) 2443:(43.9) 2438:(43.5) 2319:Climate 2266:Chester 2221:Fulwood 2217:Leyland 2213:Chorley 2209:Preston 2195:Preston 1977:Prescot 1937:Shipley 1909:Halifax 1861:Glossop 1849:Urmston 1809:Salford 1705:Salford 1698:168,315 1664:174,970 1630:184,090 1596:270,810 1562:286,445 1528:333,950 1494:470,405 1460:500,535 1426:506,565 1371:536,280 1123:fenland 1093:of the 855:Lindsey 847:Norfolk 635:Cumbria 599:culture 595:economy 474:Anglian 434:England 377:Demonym 141:Cumbria 111:Regions 105:England 65:England 19586:Portal 19499:Anthem 19367:People 19194:Places 18759: 18724:16 May 18650: 18629: 18608: 18587: 18563: 18542: 18521: 18500: 18477: 18456: 18435: 18231: 18206: 17995:18 May 17927: 17778: 17753: 17728: 17664: 17389: 17131: 17106: 17081: 17036: 16935: 16700:9 June 16672: 16624: 16501: 16476: 16361: 16336: 16280: 16251: 16200: 16167: 16030:16 May 15908: 15883: 15832: 15804: 15484: 15459: 15373: 15210: 15126: 15102: 15010: 14961:31 May 14865:18 May 14800: 14766: 14738: 14685:14 May 14652:14 May 14626:14 May 14600:14 May 14574:14 May 14478: 14441: 14418: 14180: 13948:18 May 13895:18 May 13852:18 May 13733: 13673: 13648: 13623: 13285:18 May 12701: 12579:16 May 12546:16 May 12259:1 July 12226:1 July 11722: 11624: 11557: 11532: 11492: 11338: 11313: 11288: 10953: 10928: 10881:213484 10879: 10822: 10756: 10701: 10661: 10610: 10585: 10560: 10532: 10507: 10455:Annals 10433: 10396: 10311: 10200:16 May 10126: 10071: 10046: 9819: 9782: 9669:31 May 9644: 9475: 9444: 9416: 9392:1 July 9226: 9017: 8900: 8801: 8720: 8504:15 May 7691:ginnel 7687:vennel 7654:, the 7544:mosque 7505:Reform 7412:, 250 7404:, 310 7348:Oswald 7316: 7310: 7304: 7298: 7292: 7108:. The 7026: 7020: 7014: 6800:Surrey 6770:. The 6760:Durham 6673:, and 6452:. The 6429:FA Cup 6414:, and 6262:. The 6172:Every 6113:, and 6098:, the 6076:Motown 5905:Greggs 5843:-like 5833:ginger 5821:Parkin 5644:. The 5630:blouse 5614:braces 5350:Mirror 5301:Since 5175:Mbit/s 5115:Ostend 5093:, and 4916:Humber 4906:, the 4848:Whitby 4809:arable 4754:Brexit 4695:Surrey 4588:Bolton 4378:cancer 4360:Health 4344:, 14% 4306:Polish 4232:, the 3861:France 3781:Byland 3576:Whitby 3554:, the 3543:thorpe 3540:: the 3487:Rheged 3471:Angles 3457: 3455: 3448: 3446: 3437: 3430: 3428: 3344:Parisi 3209:Pashto 2992:get up 2920:castle 2838:Scouse 2818:Mackem 2724:126.7 2721:164.0 2718:175.6 2715:166.7 2712:182.8 2709:142.4 2706:101.9 2689:144.5 2389:Month 2313:potash 2293:baryte 2205:3,802 2181:Hessle 2169:3,802 2129:4,018 2126:137.5 2109:Redcar 2093:3,482 2090:108.2 2049:4,092 2046:167.5 2029:Jarrow 2005:4,292 2002:180.5 1973:Crosby 1969:Bootle 1957:4,329 1954:199.6 1933:Morley 1929:Pudsey 1921:Batley 1889:3,645 1886:487.8 1857:Denton 1853:Eccles 1813:Oldham 1797:Bolton 1789:4,051 1786:630.3 1671:Oldham 1621:Bolton 1290: 1287: 1232:, and 1148:, and 1127:Humber 1060:upland 1015:Thirsk 1001:, and 817:, and 750:. The 744:Humber 521:cities 511:, and 507:, the 503:: the 479:, the 450:Durham 296:Bolton 102: 82: 19509:Flags 19406:Sport 19204:Towns 18718:(PDF) 18711:(PDF) 18689:(PDF) 18682:(PDF) 18668:(PDF) 18401:(PDF) 18283:(PDF) 17989:(PDF) 17635:(PDF) 17628:(PDF) 17603:(PDF) 17596:(PDF) 16389:(PDF) 16382:(PDF) 15996:from 15622:(PDF) 15615:(PDF) 15371:JSTOR 14955:(PDF) 14944:(PDF) 14824:Dazed 14416:S2CID 14396:(PDF) 14297:(PDF) 13975:(PDF) 13968:(PDF) 13789:(PDF) 13778:(PDF) 13315:(PDF) 13304:(PDF) 13279:(PDF) 12947:(PDF) 12940:(PDF) 12908:(PDF) 12573:(PDF) 12566:(PDF) 12341:(PDF) 12312:(PDF) 12161:(PDF) 12154:(PDF) 12011:NOMIS 11978:NOMIS 11917:NOMIS 11887:NOMIS 11429:(DOC) 10877:JSTOR 10459:12:36 9642:S2CID 9314:(PDF) 9307:(PDF) 8415:Norse 8405:word 8132:Water 7709:Buses 7679:chare 7652:A1(M) 7338:from 7336:Aidan 6227:with 6217:rugby 6180:host 6145:Sport 6135:Oasis 5958:Music 5912:parmo 5892:Vimto 5888:Tizer 5841:scone 5823:, an 5766:tripe 5758:offal 5702:with 5638:shawl 5634:apron 5626:skirt 5622:dress 5210:Media 4928:NEPIC 4861:with 4805:wheat 4655:GCSEs 4536:Leeds 4352:, 2% 4151:Leeds 3839:when 3822:. In 3491:Elmet 3483:Deira 3473:, Yr 3459:Celts 3028:as a 2986:as a 2975:' 2968:' 2960:to a 2939:split 2937:STRUT 2904:split 2733:43.5 2730:58.7 2727:94.0 2703:70.5 2700:49.4 2686:13.7 2683:14.3 2680:13.6 2677:10.9 2674:11.5 2671:10.7 2668:10.7 2665:10.5 2662:10.9 2659:12.5 2656:11.1 2653:14.2 2640:969.8 2625:100.6 2428:Year 2202:82.4 2166:82.6 1893:Leeds 1825:Leigh 1758:Area 1752:Area 1749:Rank 1362:Leeds 1344:Leeds 1320:Rank 1317:Pop. 1307:Rank 1261:Leeds 1230:Leeds 1176:Urban 1058:, an 1027:Leeds 995:Crewe 932:Crewe 561:Many 413:UTC+1 367:Rural 356:Urban 266:Leeds 194:South 186:North 19372:list 19332:Fête 18757:ISBN 18726:2017 18697:2017 18648:ISBN 18627:ISBN 18606:ISBN 18585:ISBN 18561:ISBN 18540:ISBN 18519:ISBN 18498:ISBN 18475:ISBN 18454:ISBN 18433:ISBN 18409:2017 18384:2017 18343:2017 18291:2017 18266:2017 18229:ISBN 18204:ISBN 18176:2017 18143:2017 18117:2023 18091:2017 18048:2017 18022:2023 17997:2017 17972:2017 17925:ISBN 17903:2017 17877:2023 17851:2017 17825:2017 17776:ISBN 17751:ISBN 17726:ISBN 17707:2017 17662:ISBN 17643:2017 17611:2017 17563:2017 17529:2017 17498:2017 17470:2017 17447:2017 17387:ISBN 17368:2017 17337:2017 17291:2017 17269:2011 17239:2017 17200:2017 17165:2017 17129:ISBN 17104:ISBN 17079:ISBN 17034:ISBN 17015:2009 16989:2009 16963:2009 16912:2021 16877:2021 16849:2021 16823:2017 16793:2017 16763:2017 16732:2017 16702:2017 16670:ISBN 16622:ISBN 16603:2017 16569:2017 16538:2017 16499:ISBN 16474:ISBN 16455:2019 16427:2017 16397:2017 16359:ISBN 16334:ISBN 16315:2017 16278:ISBN 16249:ISBN 16230:2017 16198:ISBN 16165:ISBN 16141:2019 16116:2017 16086:2011 16057:2023 16032:2017 15988:2018 15946:2017 15906:ISBN 15881:ISBN 15862:2014 15830:ISBN 15802:ISBN 15780:2008 15754:2018 15724:2018 15698:2018 15660:2017 15630:2017 15594:SPIN 15579:2017 15549:2017 15518:2017 15482:ISBN 15457:ISBN 15438:2017 15407:2017 15329:2017 15298:2017 15272:2017 15240:2019 15208:ISBN 15189:2017 15163:2017 15124:ISBN 15100:ISBN 15077:2017 15044:2017 15008:ISBN 14989:2017 14963:2017 14927:2017 14893:2017 14867:2017 14837:2017 14798:ISBN 14764:ISBN 14736:ISBN 14687:2021 14654:2021 14628:2021 14602:2021 14576:2021 14543:2017 14513:2017 14476:ISBN 14439:ISBN 14339:2017 14305:2017 14277:2017 14244:2017 14214:2017 14178:ISBN 14136:2017 14103:2017 14072:2017 14041:2017 14014:2017 13983:2021 13950:2017 13897:2017 13854:2017 13827:2017 13797:2017 13731:ISBN 13712:2017 13671:ISBN 13646:ISBN 13621:ISBN 13602:2017 13580:2017 13538:2017 13507:2017 13458:2017 13412:2017 13386:2017 13353:2017 13323:2017 13287:2017 13262:2017 13229:2017 13198:2017 13186:TIME 13165:2017 13134:2019 13108:2017 13081:2017 13045:2017 13012:2017 12981:2017 12955:2017 12919:2017 12890:2017 12859:2017 12809:2017 12779:2017 12748:2018 12699:ISBN 12677:2017 12646:2017 12581:2017 12548:2017 12517:2017 12486:2017 12455:2017 12409:2017 12378:2018 12352:2017 12323:2017 12292:2017 12261:2020 12228:2020 12199:2017 12169:2017 12136:2017 12105:2017 12075:2017 12045:2017 12019:2017 11990:2017 11960:2017 11929:2017 11899:2017 11869:2017 11838:2024 11813:2024 11788:2017 11755:2017 11720:ISBN 11695:2017 11664:2017 11622:ISBN 11591:2017 11555:ISBN 11530:ISBN 11490:ISBN 11468:2017 11437:2017 11404:2017 11373:2017 11336:ISBN 11311:ISBN 11286:ISBN 11264:2017 11234:2017 11203:2017 11173:2017 11143:2017 11082:2017 11052:2017 10988:2017 10951:ISBN 10926:ISBN 10907:2017 10820:ISBN 10794:2017 10754:ISBN 10735:2017 10699:ISBN 10659:ISBN 10640:2009 10608:ISBN 10583:ISBN 10558:ISBN 10530:ISBN 10505:ISBN 10431:ISBN 10394:ISBN 10375:2015 10345:2017 10309:ISBN 10290:2017 10240:2017 10202:2017 10173:2017 10124:ISBN 10105:2017 10069:ISBN 10044:ISBN 10025:2017 9995:2017 9949:2017 9870:2017 9817:ISBN 9780:ISBN 9759:2017 9726:2017 9704:2017 9671:2017 9575:2017 9526:2017 9502:2017 9473:ISBN 9442:ISBN 9414:ISBN 9394:2013 9369:2024 9343:2021 9322:2017 9290:2017 9260:2017 9224:ISBN 9205:2017 9171:2018 9145:2017 9115:2017 9085:2017 9059:2017 9028:2018 9015:ISBN 8995:2017 8959:2017 8898:ISBN 8879:2017 8848:2017 8799:ISBN 8749:2024 8718:ISBN 8694:2017 8663:2024 8638:2018 8571:2023 8531:2024 8506:2017 8407:Dene 8384:The 8211:and 8199:and 8179:and 8161:and 8083:and 8052:and 7887:and 7839:and 7833:tram 7812:and 7789:and 7757:Rail 7683:wynd 7634:The 7630:Road 7610:and 7586:The 7509:eruv 7449:and 7370:and 7262:and 7183:The 7172:and 7136:MEPs 6975:, a 6766:and 6665:and 6626:and 6614:The 6515:and 6495:and 6443:and 6235:and 6211:and 6199:and 6139:Blur 6137:and 6096:Pulp 6084:rave 6035:The 6024:and 5950:and 5934:and 5890:and 5872:head 5866:and 5847:and 5831:and 5804:and 5788:are 5780:and 5772:and 5646:maud 5628:and 5587:and 5579:and 5531:The 5504:grit 5387:and 5287:and 5202:and 5133:and 5103:Rhyl 5060:and 5015:and 4992:and 4990:Asda 4934:and 4922:and 4902:and 4801:oats 4764:The 4646:and 4612:Hull 4578:and 4560:York 4550:and 4388:and 4310:Urdu 4272:and 4240:and 4238:1992 4182:and 4165:and 4147:Hull 4098:The 4086:The 4041:The 3859:and 3820:Tees 3791:and 3787:was 3779:and 3578:and 3564:and 3557:kirk 3550:and 3489:and 3379:York 3290:and 3286:The 3140:and 3072:'s " 3060:The 3019:yous 3007:thee 3005:and 3003:thou 2997:The 2994:(). 2949:are 2947:putt 2945:and 2941:(so 2933:FOOT 2918:and 2916:bath 2902:BATH 2898:TRAP 2890:long 2886:lang 2874:down 2870:doon 2814:Tyke 2635:99.2 2630:98.1 2620:80.8 2615:82.4 2610:72.3 2605:71.9 2600:61.0 2595:64.9 2590:75.2 2585:69.2 2580:94.1 2541:10.9 2536:11.0 2496:12.4 2481:12.8 2476:16.5 2471:19.1 2466:19.4 2461:17.3 2456:14.7 2451:11.4 2425:Dec 2422:Nov 2419:Oct 2416:Sep 2413:Aug 2410:Jul 2407:Jun 2404:May 2401:Apr 2398:Mar 2395:Feb 2392:Jan 2371:Smog 2352:The 2291:and 2248:and 2238:Peat 1837:Sale 1817:Bury 1760:(km) 1467:York 1330:Pop. 1271:and 1204:and 1109:and 1064:Tyne 1054:The 985:and 781:and 762:and 681:and 673:and 621:and 597:and 538:and 530:and 464:and 320:Area 260:List 198:West 196:and 19297:Art 17965:BBC 15259:BBC 14855:BBC 14408:doi 13568:CBI 12426:BBC 11716:139 11361:BBC 11191:BCW 11161:BCW 10869:doi 9634:doi 9469:167 9387:ONS 8056:. 8016:MME 8002:HUY 7988:LBA 7974:LPL 7960:NCL 7946:MAN 7925:Air 7701:or 7668:M62 7664:A19 7408:or 7065:or 6965:'s 6961:to 6741:'s 6723:'s 6703:'s 6604:'s 6584:'s 6566:'s 6384:'s 6364:'s 6346:'s 6326:'s 6308:'s 6223:of 6121:to 6094:to 6032:. 5926:in 5808:. 5668:" ( 5640:or 4558:of 4336:as 4222:IRA 3919:at 3574:of 3560:in 3497:by 3041:wor 2958:the 2943:put 2882:ong 2878:ang 2844:. 2773:/ʊ/ 2769:sun 2566:5.3 2561:0.9 2556:3.2 2551:6.2 2546:8.9 2531:8.9 2526:6.0 2521:3.4 2516:2.1 2511:0.6 2506:0.7 2491:6.7 2486:9.1 2446:8.8 2441:6.6 2436:6.4 1827:), 1216:to 1200:,, 1021:or 629:of 569:to 440:of 417:BST 406:DST 396:UTC 392:GMT 19603:: 18374:. 18370:. 18365:, 18359:. 18333:. 18329:. 18324:, 18318:. 18313:, 18307:. 18256:. 18250:. 18202:. 18184:^ 18160:. 18134:. 18108:. 18081:. 18077:. 18005:^ 17963:. 17911:^ 17893:. 17868:. 17805:^ 17790:^ 17697:. 17598:. 17583:^ 17553:. 17549:. 17537:^ 17515:. 17487:. 17460:. 17456:. 17437:. 17433:. 17410:. 17358:. 17354:. 17327:. 17323:. 17255:. 17229:. 17173:^ 17155:. 17151:. 16933:OL 16902:. 16896:. 16866:. 16840:. 16809:. 16779:. 16753:. 16749:. 16718:. 16693:. 16649:. 16645:. 16593:. 16589:. 16559:. 16555:. 16528:. 16524:. 16513:^ 16443:. 16413:. 16305:. 16301:. 16221:. 16179:^ 16149:^ 16132:. 16102:. 16077:. 16065:^ 16048:. 16022:. 16016:. 15979:. 15936:. 15932:. 15920:^ 15816:^ 15788:^ 15740:. 15715:. 15689:. 15602:^ 15569:. 15557:^ 15539:. 15535:. 15508:. 15504:. 15428:. 15424:. 15383:^ 15365:. 15348:40 15346:. 15319:. 15315:. 15256:. 15230:. 15180:. 15153:. 15149:. 15094:, 15067:. 15061:. 15034:. 15030:. 14946:. 14917:. 14913:. 14901:^ 14884:. 14857:. 14853:. 14827:. 14821:. 14750:^ 14734:. 14732:84 14709:. 14695:^ 14677:. 14673:. 14644:. 14618:. 14592:. 14566:. 14562:. 14529:. 14503:. 14499:. 14414:. 14404:20 14402:. 14398:. 14359:^ 14329:. 14325:. 14313:^ 14285:^ 14267:. 14263:. 14234:. 14230:. 14200:. 14157:. 14153:. 14122:. 14111:^ 14093:. 14089:. 14062:. 14058:. 14031:. 14004:. 14000:. 13936:. 13918:. 13914:. 13887:. 13883:. 13844:. 13813:. 13780:. 13702:. 13698:. 13566:. 13528:. 13524:. 13497:. 13493:. 13475:^ 13448:. 13444:. 13420:^ 13370:. 13339:. 13306:. 13248:. 13237:^ 13219:. 13215:. 13188:. 13173:^ 13155:. 13151:. 13124:. 13098:. 13067:. 13053:^ 13031:. 13020:^ 12998:. 12971:. 12927:^ 12910:. 12880:. 12876:. 12849:. 12845:. 12826:. 12795:. 12769:. 12765:. 12734:. 12685:^ 12667:. 12663:. 12636:. 12632:. 12609:. 12538:. 12534:. 12507:. 12503:. 12476:. 12472:. 12441:. 12399:. 12395:. 12369:. 12343:. 12314:. 12300:^ 12282:. 12278:. 12251:. 12247:. 12219:. 12207:^ 12177:^ 12126:. 12122:. 12091:. 12061:. 12009:. 11998:^ 11976:. 11950:. 11946:. 11915:. 11885:. 11859:. 11855:. 11829:. 11804:. 11778:. 11774:. 11741:. 11718:, 11685:. 11681:. 11650:. 11636:^ 11581:. 11577:. 11476:^ 11458:. 11454:. 11412:^ 11394:. 11390:. 11363:. 11359:. 11254:. 11250:. 11224:. 11220:. 11189:. 11159:. 11133:. 11129:. 11117:^ 11068:. 11042:. 11038:. 11016:. 11008:; 11004:; 10978:. 10974:. 10875:. 10867:. 10857:59 10855:. 10802:^ 10784:. 10780:. 10768:^ 10725:. 10721:. 10544:^ 10452:, 10365:. 10361:. 10331:. 10276:. 10265:^ 10193:. 10189:. 10150:^ 10091:. 10015:. 9985:. 9981:. 9969:^ 9939:. 9935:. 9860:. 9854:. 9831:^ 9749:. 9745:. 9734:^ 9712:. 9690:. 9679:^ 9662:. 9640:. 9632:. 9622:25 9620:. 9614:. 9595:. 9591:. 9566:. 9547:. 9543:. 9506:; 9488:. 9483:; 9471:. 9428:^ 9385:. 9360:. 9276:. 9246:. 9195:. 9191:. 9179:^ 9162:. 9131:. 9101:. 9036:^ 8985:. 8981:. 8967:^ 8949:. 8945:. 8869:. 8865:. 8834:. 8740:. 8702:^ 8680:. 8654:. 8629:. 8606:^ 8591:^ 8562:. 8533:. 8522:. 8215:. 8157:, 8087:. 8048:, 8044:, 8040:, 8036:, 7891:. 7681:, 7648:M1 7644:M6 7618:, 7606:, 7602:, 7598:, 7570:. 7529:. 7465:. 7191:. 7061:, 6955:' 6762:, 6681:. 6661:, 6511:, 6507:, 6491:, 6487:, 6410:, 6250:, 6231:, 6176:, 6141:. 6070:, 6020:, 5954:. 5930:, 5894:. 5886:, 5862:, 5800:, 5796:, 5792:, 5768:, 5764:, 5595:. 5575:, 5571:, 5567:, 5555:, 5519:. 5502:, 5393:. 5383:, 5377:, 5371:, 5365:, 5320:24 5293:. 5281:, 5275:, 5269:, 5263:, 5204:4G 5200:3G 5129:, 5109:. 5048:. 4938:. 4918:, 4898:, 4839:. 4729:. 4650:. 4642:, 4638:, 4634:, 4630:, 4626:, 4622:, 4618:, 4614:, 4610:, 4606:, 4602:, 4598:, 4594:, 4590:, 4574:, 4546:, 4542:, 4538:, 4392:. 4384:, 4380:, 4161:, 4157:, 4153:, 4149:, 4145:, 4137:. 4023:. 4011:, 3962:. 3891:, 3795:, 3775:, 3571:by 3485:, 3481:, 3413:. 3357:: 3136:, 3132:, 3076:". 3035:us 3025:me 3013:ye 2973:th 2369:. 2315:. 2252:. 2244:, 2223:, 2219:, 2215:, 2211:, 2191:9 2183:, 2179:, 2175:, 2155:8 2147:, 2143:, 2139:, 2135:, 2115:7 2107:, 2103:, 2099:, 2079:6 2071:, 2067:, 2063:, 2059:, 2055:, 2035:5 2027:, 2023:, 2019:, 2015:, 2011:, 1991:4 1983:, 1979:, 1975:, 1971:, 1967:, 1963:, 1943:3 1935:, 1931:, 1927:, 1923:, 1919:, 1915:, 1911:, 1907:, 1903:, 1899:, 1895:, 1875:2 1867:, 1863:, 1859:, 1855:, 1851:, 1847:, 1843:, 1839:, 1835:, 1831:, 1819:, 1815:, 1811:, 1807:, 1803:, 1799:, 1795:, 1775:1 1701:20 1685:10 1667:19 1633:18 1599:17 1565:16 1531:15 1497:14 1463:13 1429:12 1374:11 1267:, 1263:, 1259:, 1255:, 1251:, 1247:, 1228:, 1224:, 1196:, 1172:. 1017:, 997:, 813:, 809:, 777:, 773:, 758:, 689:. 669:, 665:, 661:, 657:, 653:, 649:, 645:, 641:, 637:, 633:, 617:, 523:. 496:. 460:, 456:, 452:, 448:, 444:, 192:, 188:, 121:• 117:• 18813:e 18806:t 18799:v 18765:. 18728:. 18699:. 18656:. 18635:. 18614:. 18593:. 18569:. 18548:. 18527:. 18506:. 18483:. 18462:. 18441:. 18411:. 18386:. 18345:. 18293:. 18268:. 18212:. 18178:. 18145:. 18119:. 18093:. 18050:. 18024:. 17999:. 17974:. 17933:. 17905:. 17879:. 17853:. 17827:. 17784:. 17759:. 17734:. 17709:. 17670:. 17645:. 17613:. 17565:. 17531:. 17500:. 17472:. 17449:. 17395:. 17370:. 17339:. 17293:. 17271:. 17241:. 17202:. 17167:. 17137:. 17112:. 17087:. 17042:. 17017:. 16991:. 16965:. 16914:. 16879:. 16851:. 16825:. 16795:. 16765:. 16734:. 16704:. 16678:. 16630:. 16605:. 16571:. 16540:. 16507:. 16482:. 16457:. 16429:. 16399:. 16367:. 16342:. 16317:. 16286:. 16259:. 16257:. 16232:. 16206:. 16173:. 16143:. 16118:. 16088:. 16059:. 16034:. 15990:. 15948:. 15914:. 15889:. 15864:. 15838:. 15810:. 15782:. 15756:. 15726:. 15700:. 15662:. 15632:. 15581:. 15551:. 15520:. 15490:. 15465:. 15440:. 15409:. 15377:. 15367:2 15331:. 15300:. 15274:. 15242:. 15216:. 15191:. 15165:. 15132:. 15079:. 15046:. 15016:. 14991:. 14965:. 14929:. 14895:. 14869:. 14839:. 14806:. 14772:. 14744:. 14713:. 14689:. 14656:. 14630:. 14604:. 14578:. 14545:. 14515:. 14484:. 14447:. 14422:. 14410:: 14341:. 14307:. 14279:. 14246:. 14216:. 14186:. 14138:. 14105:. 14074:. 14043:. 14016:. 13985:. 13952:. 13899:. 13856:. 13829:. 13799:. 13739:. 13714:. 13696:" 13679:. 13654:. 13629:. 13604:. 13582:. 13540:. 13509:. 13460:. 13414:. 13388:. 13355:. 13325:. 13289:. 13264:. 13231:. 13200:. 13167:. 13136:. 13110:. 13083:. 13047:. 13014:. 12983:. 12957:. 12921:. 12892:. 12861:. 12830:. 12811:. 12781:. 12750:. 12707:. 12679:. 12648:. 12583:. 12550:. 12519:. 12488:. 12457:. 12411:. 12380:. 12354:. 12325:. 12294:. 12263:. 12230:. 12201:. 12171:. 12138:. 12107:. 12077:. 12047:. 12021:. 11992:. 11962:. 11931:. 11901:. 11871:. 11840:. 11815:. 11790:. 11757:. 11697:. 11666:. 11630:. 11593:. 11563:. 11538:. 11498:. 11470:. 11439:. 11406:. 11375:. 11344:. 11319:. 11294:. 11266:. 11236:. 11205:. 11175:. 11145:. 11084:. 11054:. 10990:. 10959:. 10934:. 10909:. 10883:. 10871:: 10863:: 10828:. 10796:. 10762:. 10737:. 10707:. 10667:. 10642:. 10616:. 10591:. 10566:. 10538:. 10513:. 10439:. 10402:. 10377:. 10347:. 10317:. 10292:. 10242:. 10204:. 10175:. 10132:. 10107:. 10077:. 10052:. 10027:. 9997:. 9951:. 9872:. 9825:. 9788:. 9761:. 9728:. 9706:. 9673:. 9648:. 9636:: 9628:: 9577:. 9528:. 9504:. 9481:. 9450:. 9422:. 9396:. 9371:. 9345:. 9324:. 9292:. 9262:. 9232:. 9207:. 9173:. 9147:. 9117:. 9087:. 9061:. 9030:. 8997:. 8961:. 8906:. 8881:. 8850:. 8807:. 8751:. 8726:. 8696:. 8665:. 8640:. 8573:. 8508:. 7650:/ 5970:" 4094:. 3397:( 3326:. 2984:t 2966:t 2935:– 2900:– 2884:( 2778:. 1823:( 1651:9 1617:8 1583:7 1549:6 1515:5 1481:4 1447:3 1413:2 1358:1 419:) 415:( 408:) 398:) 394:( 200:) 184:( 36:. 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index