North Carolina-class battleship

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example, model tests showed that at high speeds, waves generated by the hull would leave certain lower parts of the ship uncovered by water or adequate armor, including around the explosive magazines, and the Bureau believed that hits around this part of the hull were easily possible when fighting at ranges between 20,000 and 30,000 yd (9.9 and 14.8 nmi; 18 and 27 km). Other problems included the design's defense against aircraft-dropped bombs, as the Bureau thought the formula used to calculate its effectiveness was not realistic, and the tapering of a fore bulkhead below the waterline could worsen underwater shell hits because the mostly unarmored bow could easily be penetrated. The proposed solutions for these issues were all impractical: added patches of armor around the magazines could neutralize the effectiveness of the ship's torpedo-defense system, and deepening the belt near the bow and stern would put the ships over the 35,000 long ton limit. The General Board detested this design, saying it was "not ... a true battleship" due to its speed and armor problems.

940:—one of the principal developers of the United States' aircraft carrier strategy—disliked "XVI-C" because he believed that it was not fast enough to work with the 33-knot (61 km/h; 38 mph) fast carriers, and it was not powerful enough to justify its cost. Instead, he advocated a development of the previously rejected "XVI", adding additional underwater protection and patches of armor within the ship to make the magazines immune to above- and below-water shell hits from 19,000 yd (9.4 nmi; 17 km) and beyond. The immune zone's outer limit was increased from 28,200 yd (13.9 nmi; 25.8 km) to 30,000 yd (15 nmi; 27 km). After further revisions, Reeves went to Standley, the Chief of Naval Operations, who approved "XVI" in its newly modified form over the hopes of the General Board, who still thought that "XVI-C" should be built. Standley's only addition to the characteristics was to be able to switch from quadruple 14-inch to triple 16 in (406 mm) turrets if the "escalator clause" in the Second London Naval Treaty was invoked. 2570: 2771: 2438: 1503: 1945: 1620:(STS). This tapered down to 6-inch (152 mm) on the lower edge of the belt. The ships had three armored decks; their main deck was 1.45-inch (37 mm) thick. The second, thickest deck was 3.6-inch (91 mm) of Class B armor laminated on 1.4-inch (36 mm) STS for a total of 5-inch (127 mm). In the outboard sections of the hull the plating was 4.1-inch (104 mm) Class B laminated on 1.4-inch (36 mm) STS. The third and thinnest deck was 0.62-inch (16 mm) thick inboard, and .75-inch (19 mm) outboard. The first deck was designed to cause delay-fuzed projectiles to detonate, while the thicker second deck would protect the ships' internals. The third deck was intended to protect against shell splinters that might have penetrated the second deck; it also acted as the upper support for the 1138:

of the armor belt. In 1942, the standard displacement was 36,600 long tons (37,200 t) while full load displacement was 44,800 long tons (45,500 t), while maximum draft was 35 feet 6 inches (10.82 m). At design combat displacement of 42,329 long tons (43,008 t), the mean draft was 31 feet 7.313 inches (9.635 m) and (GM) metacentric height was 8.31 feet (2.53 m). As designed, the crew complement was 1,880 with 108 officers and 1,772 enlisted. By 1945, the considerable increase in anti-aircraft armament and their crew accommodations had increased full load displacement to 46,700 long tons (47,400 t), while crew complement increased to 2,339 with 144 officers and 2,195 enlisted. After the end of World War II, the crew complement was reduced to 1,774.

2923: 1659: 1017:, where some battleships were able to survive ten or twenty hits from large guns, but other battlecruisers were blown up in three to seven hits because the shells were able to cut through the armor protecting magazines and turrets. Reeves also argued that the larger gun would favor the "indirect method" of shooting then being developed, where airplanes would be used to relay targeting information to allied battleships so that they could bombard targets that were out of their sight or over the horizon, because new battleships being built by foreign powers would have more armor. Reeves believed that if the 14-inch gun was adopted, it would not be able to penetrate this larger amount of protection, whereas the 16-inch would be able to break through. 1102: 530:. The board believed that these ships would be balanced enough to effectively take on a multitude of roles. However, the acting Secretary of the Navy authorized a modified version of a different design, which in its original form had been rejected by the General Board. This called for a 27-knot (50 km/h; 31 mph) ship with twelve 14-inch guns in quadruple turrets and protection against guns of the same caliber. In a major departure from traditional American design practices, this design prioritized firepower at the cost of speed and protection. After construction had begun, the United States invoked a so-called "escalator clause" in the international treaty to increase the class' main armament to nine 1537:) and as hot as 850 °F (454 °C). To meet the design requirement of 27 kn (50 km/h; 31 mph), the engine system was originally designed to supply 115,000 shp (85,755 kW), but the new technologies increased this output to 121,000 shp (90,000 kW). Despite this increase, the maximum speed for the ships did not change, since the modifications to the powerplant were incorporated later in the design process. The turbines that had already been installed could not fully take advantage of the higher pressure and temperature steam, and so the level of efficiency was not as high as it should have been. When going astern, the engines provided 32,000 shp (24,000 kW). 1420: 887: 1582: 1167: 1085: 1048: 1325: 1061: 37: 1084: 2264: 1047: 750: 113: 1060: 3040:

so that weights added on the stern half of the ship could be balanced. In place, the ships would have received sixteen 3-inch guns in twin mounts. Displacement would be lowered slightly to a fully loaded weight of about 41,930 long tons (42,600 t), while speed would not have changed. It was estimated that the ships could serve for about fifteen to twenty years at a cost of about $ 440,000 a year for maintenance. However, it was found that a purpose-built helicopter carrier would be more economical, so the plans were shelved.

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The gun could fire shells at about 2,500–2,600 ft/s (760–790 m/s); about 4,600 could be fired before the barrel needed to be replaced. Minimum and maximum elevations were −15 and 85 degrees, respectively. The guns' elevation could be raised or lowered at about 15 degrees per second. Loading was possible at any elevation. The mounts closest to the bow and stern could aim from −150 to 150 degrees; the others were restricted to −80 to 80 degrees. They could be turned at about 25 degrees per second.

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alternated in their layout: the first and third engine rooms were arranged with the turbine on the starboard side and its corresponding boilers on the port, this was reversed in the second and fourth rooms. The forward-most engine room powered the starboard outer shaft, the second turbine drove the outer screw on the port side, the third engine supplied power to the inner starboard propeller, and the fourth turbine drove the port-side inner screw. All four

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maximum speed and mount heavier guns, but fitting in adequate protection against newer 16-inch guns would be extremely difficult. The Preliminary Design section drew up five more studies in October, based upon "A" with additional armor or a scaled-down "B"; all used 14-inch guns and called for at least 30 knots. Two called for four turrets, but they would be too heavy and mount less armor. Another, "K," would have a 15-inch (380 mm)

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the fifth compartment was deleted; instead, there was an outer empty compartment and two liquid-filled spaces, backed by another empty compartment. To compensate for the reduced underwater protection system, these sections received additional armor plating, up to 3.75-inch (95 mm) in thickness. The complete system was 18.5 ft (5.64 m) deep and designed to withstand warheads of up to 700 lb (320 kg) of

917:) and a length of only 640 ft (200 m). Most other plans called for 710 ft (220 m) or 725 ft (221 m), although a few had lengths between 660 ft (200 m) and 690 ft (210 m). Several different gun mountings were examined, including eight, nine, ten, eleven, and twelve 14-inch guns; eight 14-inch guns in two quadruple turrets, and even one design with two quadruple 16-inch guns. 925:

weight increase meant that only eleven 14-inch guns could be mounted with a thin 10.1-inch (260 mm) belt. Another gun could be traded for a 13.5-inch (342.9 mm) belt, and yet another could be swapped for more speed and an extra tenth of an inch of belt armor; this became design "XVI-C". The General Board liked "XVI-C" very much, seeing in it a ship that had enough protection to fight—and survive—in a

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216,000 shp (161,000 kW) would still be required. However, no matter if the belt was taken off or not, all of the hull form aft would have to be greatly modified to accept larger propellers. The last strike against the project was the high estimated cost of $ 40 million, which did not include the cost of activating battleships that had been out of commission for ten years.

1650:. Underwater protection was rounded out by a triple bottom that was 5.75 ft (2 m) deep. The bottom layer was 3 ft (1 m) thick and was kept filled with fluid, while the upper 2.75-foot (1 m) thick layer was kept empty. The triple bottom was also heavily subdivided to prevent catastrophic flooding should the upper layer be penetrated. 3226:, or 8 ft (2.4 m). Summations of all of the weights in the ship were not complete until October, and additional planning took until February, so the Secretary of the Navy authorized a one-month extension to the building period of both ships on 15 January 1942, moving the Bureau of Engineering's estimated date of completion to 1 February 1942. 1154:

testing and modifications to mitigate. The problem was particularly acute near the aft main battery director, which required additional reinforcing braces due to the vibrations. Nevertheless, skegs would be improved and incorporated in the designs of all subsequent American battleships, with vibration problems largely eliminated on the

1557:(32,320 km; 20,080 mi) at a cruising speed of 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph); by 1945, the range at that speed was reduced to 16,320 nmi (30,220 km; 18,780 mi). At 25 knots (46 km/h; 29 mph), the range was considerably lower, at 5,740 nmi (10,630 km; 6,610 mi). 2523:, face down in the water, but due to rough seas they were unable to retrieve the body. It is not known what exactly happened; he could have simply been caught by a wave and washed overboard, but there has been speculation that he suffered a heart attack. The force reached the main anchorage of the Home Fleet, 2533:

and the other ships of TF 39 participated in exercises with the Home Fleet until late April. Along with certain British units, the task force departed the British Isles as TF 99. They escorted some of the Arctic convoys which were carrying vital cargo to the Soviet Union. While carrying out

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already present in the navy yards. Increased use of welding was proposed as a possible way to reduce weight and bolster the structural design, as it could have reduced the ships' structural weight by 10%, but it was used in only about 30% of the ship. The costs associated with welding and an increase

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and SG radars (air and surface search, respectively), a backup SG, and Mark 8s to direct its main battery. All of the Mark 4s remained for the secondary battery, and one of the older Mark 3s was still present, possibly as a backup for the Mark 8s. An SK-2 dish replaced the older SK radar and Mark 12s

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of 2,300 ft/s (700 m/s). At a reduced charge, the same shell would be fired at 1,800 ft/s (550 m/s). Barrel life—the approximate number of rounds a gun could fire before needing to be relined or replaced—was 395 shells when using AP, although if only practice shells were used

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These final designs varied greatly in everything but their standard displacements and speeds. Just one was over the treaty displacement limit; every other design called for 35,000 long tons. Only five planned for a top speed of under 27 kn (50 km/h; 31 mph); of those, only one was

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These studies demonstrated the difficulty the designers faced with a displacement of 35,000 tons. They could choose a faster ship, able to steam at 30 knots, but that would force them to mount a lighter armament and armor than contemporary foreign battleships. Alternatively, they could choose a lower

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The political pressures were not just from within the United States. When rumors that the United States was going to adopt 16-inch guns reached Japan in January 1937, Tokyo newspapers had immediately printed them alongside drawings of American warships aiming their guns at Japan. In addition, if the

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with a reduced crew of 84 officers and 835 crew, it brought 185 army officers and 1,479 enlisted men back to the United States; this was the only voyage it would make in support of the operation. The battleship was placed into reserve at Bayonne, New Jersey on 27 June 1947, after

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The main battery turrets were heavily armored: the turret faces were 16-inch (406 mm) thick, the sides were 9-inch (229 mm) thick, the rear sides were 11.8-inch (300 mm) thick, and the roofs were 7-inch (178 mm) thick. Sixteen–inch-thick armor was the maximum width factories were

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The engine system was divided into four engine rooms, all on the centerline. Each room contained a turbine and two boilers, without any division between the boilers and turbines. This was done to limit the risk of capsizing should the ship sustain heavy flooding in the engine rooms. The engine rooms

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class hull feature a bulbous bow and had an unusual stern design for the time by placing the two inboard propulsion shafts in skegs. This was theorized to improve flow conditions to the propellers. Initial model basin testing for various stern configurations suggested that the skeg arrangement could

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was 713 feet 5.25 inches (217.456 m) long at the waterline and 728 feet 8.625 inches (222.113 m) long overall. The maximum beam was 108 feet 3.875 inches (33.017 m) while waterline beam was 104 feet 6 inches (31.85 m) due to the inclination

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Although the Second London Naval Treaty stipulated that warship guns could be no larger than 14 inches, a so-called "escalator clause" was included at the urging of American negotiators in case any country that had signed the Washington Naval Treaty refused to adhere to this new limit. The provision

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Five more design studies were produced in late September 1935, which had characteristics of 23–30.5 knots, eight or nine 14- or 16-inch guns, and a standard displacement between 31,500 and 40,500 long tons (32,000 and 41,100 t). Designs "D" and "E" were attempts at fast battleships with 16-inch

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s. At a cost of $ 30,790,000, the ships would have been able to embark 28 helicopters, 1,880 troops, 530 long tons (540 t) of cargo and 200,000 US gal (760,000 L) of oil. All of the 16-inch and 5-inch guns would have been removed, though the number one turret would have remained

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would be focused upon the safe arrival of supply convoys to the men fighting on Guadalcanal. On 13 November, three formations of Japanese ships were discovered on course for Guadalcanal, one of them aiming to bombard Henderson Field while night gave them protection from aircraft. The first Japanese

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did not fail. Structural damage beneath the first turret rendered it unable to fire unless in absolute need, and the main search radar failed. As this was the first torpedo to strike a modern American battleship, there was a large amount of interest from various officers and bureaus within the navy

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Each 5-inch/38 weighed almost 4,000 lb (1,800 kg) without the breech. The entire mount weighed 156,295 pounds (70,894 kilograms). It was 223.8 in (5,680 mm) long overall, had a bore length of 190 in (4,800 mm), and had a rifling length of 157.2 in (3,990 mm).

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s could be lightened from 44,377 long tons to around 40,541 long tons (41,192 t), at which 210,000 shp would suffice. At the trial displacement figure of 38,400 long tons (39,000 t), even 186,000 shp (139,000 kW) would be enough; the 210,000 figure was derived from a 12.5%

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that ran the length of the "armored raft". The outer two compartments, the innermost compartment and the bulge would remain empty, while the third and fourth compartments would be filled with liquid. The system was reduced in depth at either end by the forward and rear gun turrets. In these areas,

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was connected to the armored citadel by a 14-inch (356 mm) thick communications tube. Armor thickness for the conning tower itself ranged from 16 inches (406 mm) on both sides to 14.7 inches (373 mm) on the front and rear. The roof was 7 inches (178 mm) thick and the bottom was

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each. The other four were diesel generators that supplied 850 kilowatts each. Two smaller diesel generators—each provided 200 kilowatts—supplied emergency power should the main system be damaged. Total electrical output was 8,400 kilowatts, not including the emergency generators, at

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and navigational optical range-finders. The former lasted until 1944, when it was replaced by a Mark 27 microwave radar supplemented by a Mark 3 main armament fire control radar. The range-finders were removed in favor of additional 20 mm guns sometime between the end of 1941 and mid-1942. In

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s was composed of differing numbers of 1.1"/75 caliber guns, .50 caliber machine guns, Bofors 40 mm and Oerlikon 20 mm cannons. Although the ships were originally designed to carry only four quadruple 1.1 in and twelve .50 caliber, this was greatly increased and upgraded during

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instructing him that the United States would still accept a cap of 14-inch guns if he could get Japan to as well. The Japanese replied that they could not accept this unless the number of battleships was also limited; they wanted the United States and the United Kingdom to agree to having an equal

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s in several of these designs, that was not in fact so. The General Board was never entirely sure of what it was willing to give up to achieve some kind of ship within the treaty-limited displacement. The fast capital ship with nine guns, and a speed of 30 knots, yet having good protection,

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The 32,250-long-ton (32,770 t) design "A" was one of the first proposals. Unlike "B" and "C", it was far below the treaty-mandated limit of 35,000–tons. It would have carried nine 14-inch guns in its main battery; although all of the turrets were forward of the superstructure, the guns could

1700:, were run by the government. When bids were reviewed, the privately run shipyards' submissions ranged from $ 46 to 50 million, while their government counterparts came in at $ 37 million. Newport News was unique among these in refusing any fixed monetary value in favor of a "cost-plus 1552:

At the time of their commissioning, the ships had a top speed of 28 knots (52 km/h; 32 mph), though by 1945, with the addition of other equipment, such as anti-aircraft weaponry, their maximum speed was reduced to 26.8 knots (49.6 km/h; 30.8 mph). The increases in weight also

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One specific design, "XVI," was a 27-knot (50 km/h), 714 ft-long (218 m) ship with twelve 14-inch guns, a 11.2-inch (284.5 mm) belt, and a deck 5.1 to 5.6-inches (129.5 to 142.2 mm) thick. Produced on 20 August 1936, the Bureau of Ordnance found many problems in it. For

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that held the turrets were also strongly protected. The front portion was 14.7 inches (373 mm), the sides increased to 16 in, and the rear portion reduced to 11.5-inch (292 mm). The 5-inch gun turrets, along with their ammunition magazines, were armored with 1.95-inch (50 mm) STS

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To address these problems, a final set of designs was presented by the Preliminary Design section in October 1936. Designated "XVI-B" through "XVI-D," they were all modifications of the "XVI" plan. These added an extra 11 feet (3.4 m) of length to "XVI" for greater speed, but the resulting

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left the North Sea bound for the United States on 14 July with an escort of four destroyers; upon arrival at the New York Naval Yard on the 23rd, it was given a full overhaul which took a month to be completed. It set sail for the Panama Canal and the Pacific Ocean on 23 August and reached its

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battleship would indicate an increase in drag. The skegs improved the structural strength of the stern by acting as girders and also provided structural continuity for the torpedo bulkheads. However, the skegs also contributed to severe vibration problems with the class that required extensive

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I am not willing that the United States be the first naval power to adopt the 16 in. gun. ... Because of the international importance of the United States not being the first to change the principles laid down in the Washington and London Treaties, it seems to me that the plans for the two new

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against the United States' super-heavy 14-inch shell. While "K" was liked by the naval constructors, its designed standard displacement of 35,000 tons left little room for error, modifications, or improvements. The final two designs, "L" and "M," would use quadruple turrets to save weight

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and required working conditions for workers. The latter act greatly affected the ability of the navy to acquire steel, as the text of the law caused friction between executives in the industry, who greatly disliked the forty-hour work week and minimum wage requirements, and their workers—who

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at a point that was just behind the number one turret. It created a 32 ft × 18 ft (9.8 m × 5.5 m) hole, allowed about 970 long tons (986 t) of water into the ship—which had to be offset with counter-flooding, meaning that another 480 long tons (488 t)

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to attain 31 knots, 240,000 shp (180,000 kW) would be required. This, in turn, would necessitate the installation of an extremely large power plant, one which would not fit into the ship even if the third turret was removed. If the outer external belt armor were removed,

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battleships. The weight gained from reducing the speed was added back in firepower and protection: "VII" would have had twelve 14-inch/50 caliber guns in four triple turrets and an immune zone against its own 14-inch gun between 21,400 and 30,000 yd (11 and 15 nmi; 20 and

901:("I" through "XVI-D"), the first five were completed on 15 November 1935. They were the first to employ so-called "paper" weight reductions: not counting certain weights towards the ship's 35,000 long ton treaty limit that were not specifically part of the definition of 724:

of 35,000 long tons (36,000 t) and a maximum gun caliber of 16 inches. It also decreed that the five countries could not construct another capital ship for ten years and could not replace any ship that survived the treaty until it was at least twenty years old. The 1936

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surface-search, a SK-2 air-search, a Mark 38 main battery fire control system with Mark 13 and 27 radars, a Mark 37 secondary battery fire control system with Mark 12, 22 and 32 radars, and a Mark 57 smaller weaponry fire control system, with a Mark 34 radar. In March 1946,

2550:. Though damage to the hull was minimal—limited to only one leaking fuel tank—many devices on board the ship were damaged, including main battery range finders, circuit breakers, three fire-control and the search radars. The American ships then put in at an Icelandic port, 1247:

to 150 degrees on either side of the ship. The guns could be elevated to a maximum inclination of 45 degrees; turrets one and three could depress to −2 degrees, but due to its superfiring position, the guns on turret two could only depress to 0 degrees.

772:; capable of 30 knots; and armored against 14-inch shells. "B" and "C" would both be over 36,000 long tons (37,000 t), able to reach 30.5 kn (56.5 km/h; 35.1 mph), and armored against 14-inch shells. The major difference between the two was the planned 2987:

s would be excellent additions to task forces—if they could be faster. The Bureau of Ships then considered and discarded designs that would move these ships at 31 kn (57 km/h; 36 mph), four knots faster than their current attainable speed. In order for a

2952: (SCB) directed in June 1946 that four of the quadruple-mounted 40 mm guns be removed, though only two were actually taken off each ship. The 20 mm weapons were also reduced at some point so that both ships were decommissioned with sixteen twin mounts. 1259:

length were 715.2-inch (18,170 mm) and 616.9-inch (15,670 mm), respectively. Maximum range with the heavy AP shell was obtained at an inclination of 45 degrees: 36,900 yd (33,700 m). At the same elevation a lighter 1,900-pound (860-kilogram)

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did on 3 August 1941; loaded at about 44,400 long tons (45,100 t), the propulsion plant was run up to 123,850 shp (92,350 kW), and repeated the performance again in February 1942, achieving 127,100 and 120,000 shp (94,800 and 89,500 kW).

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able to produce at the time of the ships' design; by 1939, however, it was possible to create 18-inch (457 mm)-thick plates. These were not installed because it was estimated that the conversion would delay completion of the ships by 6 to 8 months. The

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would travel 40,180 yards (20 nautical miles; 37 kilometres). The guns weighed 85.85 long tons (192,300 lb; 87,230 kg) not including the breech; the turrets weighed 1,403–1,437 long tons (3,143,000–3,219,000 lb; 1,426,000–1,460,000 kg).

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and Bureau of Construction and Repair recommended to their superiors that the $ 37 million tenders from the two navy yards be accepted. This was confirmed by Roosevelt, as the private shipyards' bids were seen as unjustly inflated. The contracts for

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The private shipyards, however, had their own labor problems, so much so that one author described the navy's issues as "minimal" compared to their shipbuilding counterparts. This increased the price of the battleships to $ 60 million each, so the

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use of the "escalator clause" touched off another international naval arms race—this one featuring larger and larger ships—the United States would find itself at a huge disadvantage in one of two ways. Either their battleships would be built to have a

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allowed signatory countries of the Second London Treaty—France, the United Kingdom and the United States—to raise the limit from 14 to 16 inches if Japan or Italy still refused to sign after 1 April 1937. When figuring potential configurations for the

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for the remainder of 1942 and the majority of 1943 while they provided cover for supply and troop movements in the Solomons. In between, it received advanced fire control and radar gear in March, April and September 1943 at Pearl Harbor. In November,

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s, with waterline length of 713 feet 8 inches (217.53 m) and overall length of 728 feet 11.625 inches (222.190 m). The 1945 full load was 45,370 long tons (46,100 t) and maximum draft was 34 feet 9 inches

1066:"F" was an attempt to create a viable combination of an aircraft carrier and a battleship. With regards to the treaty limits, the design had an extremely comfortable margin with a standard displacement of 31,750 long tons (32,260 t). Three 784:

introduced a "super-heavy" 16-inch shell, the ships were redesigned in an attempt to provide protection against it, but this introduced severe weight problems; two of the designs were nearly 5,000 long tons (5,100 t) over the treaty limit.

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lower than 26.5 kn (49.1 km/h): "VII", with 22 kn (41 km/h). "VII" returned to a lower speed to obtain more firepower (twelve 14-inch guns in triple turrets) and protection; as such, the design called for only 50,000

1759:—names had been officially chosen on 3 May 1937—were sent to the New York and Philadelphia yards, respectively, on 24 June 1937. Shortly after this announcement, Roosevelt was bombarded with heavy lobbying from citizens and politicians from 1382:

had twenty more 20 mm guns added, for a total of forty, but five were removed—along with all of the .50 caliber guns—shortly thereafter when two quadruple sets of 1.1 in guns were added. In its refit after being torpedoed,

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s screen, and protected it while support was rendered to American troops fighting on Guadalcanal. Although it dodged one torpedo on 6 September, it was not able to avoid another on the 15th. Out of a six-torpedo salvo from the

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The .50 caliber machine guns did not have the range or power needed to combat modern aircraft and were scheduled for replacement by equal numbers of 20 mm guns, but nothing immediately came of the proposal. In fact, both

515:). This restriction meant that the navy could not construct a ship with the firepower, armor, and speed that they desired, and the balancing uncertainty that resulted meant that the navy considered fifty widely varying designs. 1521:

and eight Babcock & Wilcox three-drum express type boilers. The ships' powerplant incorporated several recent developments in turbine equipment, including double helical reduction gears and high-pressure steam technology.

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had radioed that it was going to make a turn to port out of the formation, but soon after starting the turn, its captain ordered a reversal, back to starboard. About seven minutes later, it came into view of lookouts aboard

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used to land, nothing came of the design. Designs "G" and "H" were slower 23-knot ships with nine 14-inch guns; in particular, "H" was thought to be a very well balanced design by the Preliminary Design section of the

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incident; three were killed and forty-four injured. The battleship shot down a plane on the 7th and two on the 17th. After receiving another overhaul from 9 May to 28 June, this one in the naval yard at Pearl Harbor,

1742:. Amid the unrest, the navy ran into difficulties trying to acquire 18 million pounds of steel to build six destroyers and three submarines; many more pounds than this would be needed for the new battleships. 1791:

class was slowed by the aforementioned material issues, the changes made to the basic design after this date—namely the substitution of 16-inch for 14-inch guns—and the need to add both length and strength to the

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1921, and three battleships, a battlecruiser, four aircraft carriers and thirty destroyers between the fiscal years 1922 and 1924. The United Kingdom was in the final stages of ordering eight capital ships (the

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s to accommodate the larger and heavier weaponry. As part of this, the ship's longitudinal center of gravity had to be shifted forward; the solution was to move many internal components of the ship forward two

1308:, the gun possessed the ability to consistently shoot down aircraft flying at 12,000–13,000 feet (2.3–2.5 miles; 3.7–4.0 kilometres), which was twice as far as the effective range of the earlier single purpose 800:

guns and protections against the same, but their displacement was greater than the Washington Naval Treaty allowed. Design "F" was a radical attempt at a hybrid battleship-carrier, with three catapults mounted

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was laid down on 14 June 1938, launched on 1 June 1940 and commissioned on 15 May 1941 at the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard. Although commissioned, its engine had not yet been run at full power—like its sister,

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shifted to Camden's New York Shipbuilding; such a contract would keep many men employed in that area. Roosevelt refused, saying that the disparity in price was too great. Instead, the company was awarded two

905:. In this case, even though there was designed storage room for 100 shells per main battery gun and an extra 100 rounds, the weight of the rounds did not figure toward the treaty-mandated limit. 796:, asking for their opinion as to whether the new class should be a "conventional" 23-knot (43 km/h; 26 mph) ship with an eight-nine, 16-inch main battery, or rather one akin to "A", "B" or "C". 1276:

as it descended. At 36,000 yards (18 nautical miles; 33 kilometres), a shell from a 45 cal would strike a ship at an angle of 47.5 degrees, as opposed to 38 degrees with the 50 cal.

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class' as-built design despite additional back and forth over the design's final particulars. These included an increase in armor; something allowed by the finding of more on-paper weight savings; the

2204:", where a majority of attacking Japanese aircraft were shot down out of the air at little cost to the American defenders. Problems with its propeller shafts then caused the battleship to sail to the 1293:

Originally designed to be mounted on destroyers built in the 1930s, these guns were so successful that they were added to a myriad of American ships during the Second World War, including every major

1545:

had four blades; the two outer propellers were 15 ft 4 in (4.67 m) in diameter and the inner pair were 16 ft 7.5 in (5.067 m) wide. Steering was controlled by a pair of

1612:" armor which weighed 41% of the total displacement; it consisted of an "armored raft" that extended from just forward of the first gun turret to just aft of the rear gun turret. They had a main 1090:"VII" harked back to the days of the slow battleships; with a top speed of 22 knots (25 mph; 41 km/h), it would have been only 1 knot (1.2 mph; 1.9 km/h) faster than the old " 1358:

retained its six 1.1 in quads until the middle of 1943, when ten quad 40 mm guns replaced them. By August, it had fifteen. The two ships carried these through to the close of the war.

2901:

received orders to voyage to Philadelphia, where it arrived on 17 October. Here it was modified to have an additional 145 bunks so it could participate in Operation Magic Carpet. Sailing to

3009:

class (generating 212,000 shp (158,000 kW)) would be enough, and if the third turret was removed there would be no problems with weight, but there was not enough space within the

2850:, serving again as a carrier escort ship, though it was detached on the 13th to fire on Japanese positions on Saipan and Tinian. With the sortie of a majority of the remaining ships in the 3204:

capability, rendering them inferior to the new ships of other nations, or they would be designed to be on par with the other nations' ships, meaning that they would have to sail around

1354:

had these removed and ten quadruple sets of 40 mm guns added. Fourteen were present by June 1943, while a fifteenth mount was added on top of the third main turret that November.

1054:

still fire forward provided that they were elevated to 4.5 degrees or more. The secondary battery planned was twelve 5-inch (127 mm) were unusually arranged in triple mounts.

2881:

The battleship bombarded Iwo Jima from 19–22 February in support of the invasion there before escorting carriers which sent aircraft raids against Tokyo and targets on the island of

2025:

s—the torpedo defense system had come close to breaking near one of the most important areas of the ship (a magazine), after all—and the General Board called for the fifth and sixth

764:

of battleships in May–July 1935, and three design studies were submitted to them. "A" would be 32,150 long tons (32,666 t) armed with nine 14-inch (356 mm) guns in triple

3726:

Letter from Reeves to Swanson, 17 May 1937. President's Secretary File, Franklin D. Roosevelt Library. Hyde Park, New York. Reproduced in Muir, "Gun Calibers and Battle Zones," 26.

2889:

bombarded Okinawa; it then departed for Puget Sound to receive a refit, having been in action for the majority of the time since its refit in March–April 1944. This lasted through

996:

be invoked. There were hurdles that still needed to be overcome, though: Roosevelt was under heavy political pressure and, as a result, was reluctant to allow the 16-inch gun.

2763:, and four destroyers left Efate for gunnery practice. By late January, it was made part of TG 50.1 to escort the fast carriers in that group as they launched strikes on 2751:. All of the capital ships struck before dawn on 8 December; the aircraft carriers struck again soon after. The ships then sailed back to Efate, arriving on 12 December. On 2016:

could steam at 24 knots (44 km/h; 28 mph) soon after the explosion, it was later forced to slow to 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph) to ensure that temporary

736:

class, as can be attested to in the long quest to find a ship that incorporated everything the US Navy considered necessary while remaining under 35,000 long tons.

3235:

For comparative purposes, the boilers fitted to the most recently designed heavy cruisers provided steam at 300 psi (2,100 kPa) and 572 °F (300 °C).

951:

was increased from 10° to 13°, and eventually settled at 15°; a months-long debate on the propulsion machinery's layout was finally concluded, and other minor changes.

776:, as "B" had twelve 14-inch guns in triple turrets, while "C" had eight 16-inch/45-caliber guns in dual turrets. "A" was the only one to remain within the 35,000-ton 4915: 2689:. Returning to Pearl Harbor, it practiced for battle and underwent an overhaul before returning to the combat zone in late July. From August to the end of October, 499:

In planning a new battleship class in the 1930s, the US Navy was heavily constrained by international treaty limitations, which included a requirement that all new

3020:

s was 256 ft × 72 ft × 26 ft (78.0 m × 21.9 m × 7.9 m). Lastly, there would be an issue with the propellers; the

1111:

s. There were a few major differences between this and the final plan. For example, all exhaust was eventually trunked into two funnels as opposed to one, and the

1297:

and many smaller warships constructed between 1934 and 1945. They were considered to be "highly reliable, robust and accurate" by the Navy's Bureau of Ordnance.

1009:

and indirectly to Roosevelt, Reeves argued that the 16-inch gun's significantly greater armor penetration was of paramount importance, drawing examples from the

2944:

remained in active duty in the years immediately after the war, possibly because their crew accommodations were more comfortable and less cramped than the four

6500: 2303: 1680:

50 million, were authorized in January 1937. Five shipyards submitted bids to build one of the two planned ships. Three were privately run corporations:

617:, several navies continued and expanded naval construction programs that they had started during the conflict. The United States' 1916 program called for six 3013:

s. When compared, the current power plant measured 176 ft × 70 ft × 24 ft (53.6 m × 21.3 m × 7.3 m), but

2910:

was never reactivated. Struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 June 1960—exactly 21 years to the day since its launch—she was sold on 24 May 1961 to be

871: 1378:

had twenty and twelve. Two months later, the number of 20 mm guns remained the same, but twelve .50 caliber guns had been added. By September,

2653:

fired seventy-five 16-inch and one hundred and seven 5-inch rounds during the melee, scoring 20 main and seventeen secondary battery hits, knocking out

2607: 1848:, including four-bladed and cut-down versions of the original three-bladed. This testing required it to be at sea, and the many resulting trips out of 988:

s, designers focused most of their planning on 14-inch weaponry; Standley's requirement meant that a switch from 14- to 16-inch, even after the ships'

4750: 1509:

s No. 2 machinery space under construction, seen from the port side of the ship on 16 January 1939; the No. 4 boiler has just been installed

2832:, were killed or listed as missing. After temporary reinforcements to the damaged section, it was forced to sail to Pearl Harbor to be fitted with a 3717:, 8 April 1937. President's Secretary File, Franklin D. Roosevelt Library. Hyde Park, New York. Quoted in Muir, "Gun Calibers and Battle Zones," 25. 2976: 2836:

to make possible a voyage to Puget Sound. Once there, it received a full overhaul, along with a new bow; this work lasted from March until April.

2021:

in learning more about it. The conclusions were seen as a vindication by some who believed that too much had been sacrificed in the design of the

2490: 17: 1234:, hence the designation of "Mark 6". A major alteration from the older guns was the Mark 6's ability to fire a new 2,700-pound (1,200-kilogram) 847:

Many officers in the United States Navy supported the construction of three or four fast battleships for carrier escorts and to counter Japan's

2813:

at a range of 1,000 yards (3,000 ft; 914 m). Although crews on both ships frantically tried to avoid the other, it was to no avail;

2630:, two heavy cruisers, two light cruisers, and nine destroyers, initially sank three US destroyers and inflicted significant topside damage to 1350:

On both ships, two more quadruple sets of 1.1 in guns were added in place of two searchlights amidships. After it was torpedoed in 1942,

645:

proposals planned for slightly smaller, but still significant, acquisitions beyond the 1916 plan: two battleships and a battlecruiser for the

4995: 4908: 2361:, soldiers were embarked to be returned to the United States. Passing through the locks of Panama Canal on 8 October, it weighed anchor in 1451: 585:

in 1944. After the end of the war, both ships remained in commission for a brief time before being laid up in reserve. In the early 1960s,

2770: 4659: 4652: 2833: 1304:. However, this did not mean that it possessed inferior anti-air abilities; as established during 1941 gunnery tests conducted on board 6311: 2866:

refueled and continued escorting carriers until it formed a new task group with three battleships and escorts. After a lengthy stop at

4694: 6495: 1901: 522:

declared its preference for a battleship with a speed of 30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph), faster than any in US service, with a

929:

formed with the US' older battleships while also having enough speed to operate in a detached wing with aircraft carrier or cruiser

4901: 1485:

received a secondary air search set (SR) and a SCR-720 zenith search radar on the forward funnel. At the end of the war, it had an

5028: 2828:

s fore end was severely damaged, with about 60 ft (18 m) of its bow hanging down and into the water. Ten men, six from

642: 519: 1560:

Electrical power was supplied by eight generators. Four were turbo-generators designed for naval use; these provided 1,250

1429:

s tower foremast, seen on 18 August 1942 at the New York Navy Yard; note the SG surface search radar located on the forward face

5952: 4597:

McBride, William H. "The Unstable Dynamics of a Strategic Technology: Disarmament, Unemployment, and the Interwar Battleship."

870:, a small majority (9–7) of senior officers at sea, and five of six line officers engaged in strategic planning as part of the 1192:(cal) Mark 6 guns and twenty 5-inch (127 mm)/38 cal Mark 12 guns. Their lighter armament consisted of varying numbers of 6353: 5691: 5168: 4826: 1726: 992:

had been laid, was possible. Japan formally rejected the 14-inch limit on 27 March 1937, meaning that the "escalator clause"

1033:

s were ordered with the 14-inch weapons, but on 10 July, Roosevelt directed that they be armed with triple 16-inch instead.

6388: 5244: 4978: 4961: 4776: 2563: 2420: 2177:

before setting course for Pearl Harbor for repairs to a damaged rudder. With repairs completed, the battleship joined with

1912: 1739: 1221: 812:, but as aircraft launched from catapults were necessarily inferior to most carrier- or land-based aircraft because of the 628: 155: 130: 2610:

by an American cruiser-destroyer force. On 14 November, the Japanese organized another sortie to neutralize the airfield.

1918: 1908:

began when Japanese carriers were spotted on 24 August; although American planes were able to strike first by sinking the

5106: 4664: 1502: 1029:

number of battleships with Japan, but this was a condition that the two countries refused to accept. On 24 June, the two

855: 2569: 1933:

shot down 7–14 aircraft and was relatively undamaged, though there were seven near-misses and one crewman was killed by

2862:; on the 19th, with the attack of many aircraft, the Battle of the Philippine Sea began. Able to beat off the attacks, 2847: 2621: 1681: 1616:

of Class A armor that was 12-inch (305 mm) thick amidships, inclined at 15°, and backed by 0.75-inch (19 mm)

1107:"XVI" was one of the final proposals; after "XVI-C" was rejected, a modified version of this design was chosen for the 6065: 4679: 4583: 4560: 4545: 2669: 1924: 1730: 1465:

had an additional Mark 4 and a SG surface search radar added. The normal battleship configuration was present aboard

818: 2052:

opposed this on the basis that the system performed as it was supposed to; in any case, no modifications were made.

1391:

had sixty-four 20 mm weapons by April 1943, prior to one single mount being replaced by a quadruple mount, and

760:

With the end of the capital ship construction "holiday" approaching, the General Board began preparations for a new

708:

invited delegations from the major maritime powers—France, Italy, Japan, and the United Kingdom—to come together in

6072: 5133: 5051: 1005:

Admiral Reeves also came out strongly in favor of the larger weapon. In a two-page letter to Secretary of the Navy

702: 1494:

had a SK fore and a SR aft, a SG both fore and aft, and a TDY jammer (which could scramble radar on other ships).

6451: 6086: 6079: 5911: 5906: 5901: 5684: 5629: 5622: 5545: 5161: 5065: 2858:, along with six other battleships, four heavy cruisers and fourteen destroyers covered the aircraft carriers of 2574: 1904:

on 7 August 1942, and continued to accompany the carrier when it moved to be southeast of the Solomons. The

1329: 1238:

developed by the Bureau of Ordnance. At full charge with a brand-new gun, the heavy shell would be expelled at a

1201: 393: 45: 4628:

Muir Jr., Malcolm. "Gun Calibers and Battle Zones: The United States Navy's Foremost Concern During the 1930s."

6304: 6058: 5663: 5448: 1905: 721: 504: 1944: 5677: 5670: 5656: 5209: 5154: 5113: 5086: 2625: 1235: 618: 566: 2465:

had major problems with longitudinal vibrations, which were only tempered after many tests conducted aboard

1814:

was laid down on 27 October 1937, the first battleship begun by the United States since the never-completed

1269: 1186: 531: 379: 6432: 6381: 5140: 5079: 4804: 2964: 2922: 2272: 2201: 1735: 554: 848: 6490: 5881: 5216: 5021: 3136: 2437: 2212:. It returned to active duty in November and to its carrier escort tasks in time to be hit by a typhoon. 1747: 1697: 839: 713: 562: 93: 729:

kept many of the Washington treaty's requirements but restricted gun size on new warships to 14 inches.

6374: 6339: 6167: 5223: 5147: 4938: 4342: 3119: 3087: 2949: 2427:

on 1 January 1986, it remains there today, maintained by the USS North Carolina Battleship Commission.

2424: 2412: 1807: 726: 695: 481: 4761:." Online Library of Selected Images, Naval History & Heritage Command. Accessed 15 November 2009. 2661:

capsized at 03:25 on the morning of 15 November 1942, with 212 crewmen lost. Radar-directed fire from

6360: 6332: 6297: 6222: 5846: 5497: 5490: 5340: 5319: 5305: 5230: 5195: 4968: 4800: 2712: 2674:

so severely it had to be scuttled. Soon after the battle, the Japanese began evacuating Guadalcanal.

2442: 1823: 1689: 1272:

when hitting deck armor—a shell from a 45 cal gun would be slower, meaning that it would have a

1228: 863: 859: 683: 139: 874:, although at least one officer believed that an aerial attack would also be capable of sinking the 780:

limit set in the Washington Naval Treaty and reaffirmed in the Second London Naval Treaty. When the

6444: 5979: 5944: 5819: 5738: 5615: 5524: 5347: 5258: 5188: 5006: 2615: 2302:

operated as both a carrier escort and shore bombardier for the remainder of the war. Of note was a

1641:

The side protection system incorporated five compartments divided by torpedo bulkheads and a large

1243:

this figure was significantly higher: 2,860. Turning at 4 degrees a second, each turret could

1147: 1091: 1189: 878:

s. With the above recommendations, the General Board selected "K" to undergo further development.

6427: 6420: 6402: 5853: 5784: 5636: 5608: 5566: 5538: 5517: 5409: 5388: 5333: 5298: 5202: 3097: 2114: 2097: 1994: 1981: 1948: 1617: 1197: 717: 671: 550: 83: 5931: 4865: 4637: 4614: 1830:

on 9 April 1941, it did not go on active duty because of acute longitudinal vibrations from its

1193: 6252: 5972: 5958: 5874: 5777: 5601: 5587: 5580: 5573: 5552: 5531: 5441: 5374: 5312: 5098: 5014: 4945: 3126: 2851: 2721:

to add additional firepower to the strikes currently hitting them. Departing in late November,

2559: 2508: 2453: 2358: 2329: 1609: 487: 454: 5917: 1734:

themselves were embroiled in a separate dispute pitting the union of the skilled workers, the

1474:

and 22s superseded the Mark 4s in September of that year. Aside from never receiving an SK-2,

821:. However, the General Board finally decided to use faster ships, which "G" and "H" were not. 792:, the General Board was not committed to the higher maximum speeds. It posed questions to the 527: 6437: 6346: 6172: 6000: 5993: 5965: 5860: 5826: 5812: 5559: 5434: 5381: 5251: 4783: 4772: 4765: 3257: 3217:

This change meant that the Bureau of Construction and Repair had to modify the design of the

2746: 2396: 2346: 2323: 2216:

protected carriers while they provided air cover for invasion fleets and launched attacks on

2205: 2026: 1891: 1685: 1658: 1581: 1530: 1419: 1387:

had an additional six 20 mm guns added and all of its .50 caliber weapons removed.

1290: 1252: 1205: 961:

The point of this rather long and erratic design history is that, although one might see the

902: 809: 677: 397: 49: 5270: 2972: 2878:

before returning to screening duties. This duty lasted from 10 October to 17 February 1945.

2419:

to the citizens of the state who died in the Second World War. Listed on the United States'

2365:

on the 17th. After an overhaul in the New York Naval Yard, it participated in exercises off

1403:

was assigned seventy-five. In August 1945, the ships both had eight twin 20 mm mounts;

1309: 1112: 970:

protection for firepower, a combination unprecedented in American capital ship development.

386: 6202: 6128: 5986: 5937: 5718: 5594: 5455: 5416: 5402: 5278: 2380: 2317: 2257: 2229: 2107: 2039: 2033: 1897: 1677: 1261: 705: 689: 545:

saw extensive service during the Second World War in a variety of roles, primarily in the

8: 6232: 5923: 5712: 5395: 5367: 5326: 2799: 2782: 2598: 2517:. During the voyage, Wilcox fell into the ocean; he was seen soon after by the destroyer 2502: 2384: 2350: 2311: 2289:

screened carriers and bombarded targets ashore. Although it was able to shoot down three

2282: 1971: 1839: 1779: 1763:

and the state of New Jersey, in an ultimately futile attempt to have the construction of

1570: 1446: 1294: 777: 659: 580: 278: 910: 641:

called for building an additional ten battleships and six battlecruisers. The 1919–1920

340:

17,450 nmi (20,080 mi; 32,320 km) at 15 knots (17 mph; 28 km/h)

287: 6187: 5798: 5770: 5483: 4602: 3032: 2482: 2354: 1827: 1760: 1693: 1642: 1333: 781: 493: 459: 118: 4739: 4728: 3190:

The next lowest were "X-A", "XI-A" and "XI-B", with 112,500 shp (83,900 kW).

2357:, these men were brought back aboard and the battleship sailed to Okinawa. As part of 6469: 6395: 6142: 6121: 5805: 5791: 5476: 5469: 5058: 4869: 4861: 4830: 4822: 4714: 4683: 4675: 4641: 4633: 4618: 4610: 4587: 4579: 4564: 4556: 4541: 3714: 2686: 2293:

on 6 April, it was also struck by a 5-inch (127 mm) shell during that time in a

1773: 1067: 1014: 1006: 813: 793: 769: 667: 36: 2562:, who set up a temporary headquarters on the ship for the next few days. On 7 June, 886: 6247: 6192: 5648: 5462: 5043: 4893: 4887: 3223: 2706: 2551: 2307: 1864: 1769: 1621: 1301: 937: 709: 651: 307: 6289: 1717:

The bids from private companies were heavily influenced by the legislation of the

1268:

When firing the same shell, the 16-inch/45 Mark 6 had a slight advantage over the

565:, where its radar-directed main batteries fatally damaged the Japanese battleship 6242: 6217: 6212: 6162: 5072: 4721: 3923: 2960:

were decommissioned on 27 June 1947 and subsequently moved to the reserve fleet.

2821:

a glancing blow, scraping down a large aft portion of the ship's starboard side.

2726: 2718: 2582: 2049: 1988: 1849: 1831: 1647: 1239: 976: 930: 789: 663: 614: 477: 254: 213: 3181:

This article uses Friedman's designations for the multitude of design proposals.

698:

classes. Two ships from these designs were to be laid down per year until 1928.

44:

underway on 3 June 1946. By this time, many of the light anti-aircraft weapons (

6182: 6154: 5703: 5125: 2867: 2404: 867: 638: 590: 436:: 1.45 in (37 mm), 5 in (127 mm), 0.62 in (16 mm) 310: 243: 2767:

and Kwajalein. It also moved in to hit Kwajalein with its guns on 30 January.

2685:, providing protection for convoys and battle groups that were supporting the 2399:. Instead of the scrapping that faced most of the United States' battleships, 749: 6484: 6207: 6177: 6100: 6012: 5359: 5290: 2911: 2859: 2730: 2682: 2657:

s steering and main battery and causing uncontrollable progressive flooding.

2388: 2294: 2126: 2045: 1909: 1887: 1868: 1625: 1554: 1553:

reduced the ships' cruising range. In 1941, the ships could steam for 17,450

1534: 1518: 1273: 1070:

were mounted on the bow, while a hangar located under that would contain ten

898: 624: 602: 439: 4789:." Naval Vessel Register, Department of the Navy. Accessed 15 November 2009. 3028:

s were 17 ft (5.2 m). In the end, no conversions were undertaken.

2271:

in 2008, during ceremonies commemorating the commissioning of the submarine

2209: 1289:

s carried ten Mark 28 Mod 0 enclosed base ring mounts, each supporting twin

701:

With the staggering costs associated with such programs, the United States'

6053: 6048: 2547: 2263: 2142: 2056: 1876: 1613: 1324: 1227:, the nine 16 in/45 were improved versions of the guns mounted on the 1146:

reduce resistance, although later testing during the design process of the

1021: 948: 773: 720:. Along with many other provisions, it limited all future battleships to a 523: 500: 265: 4834: 4746:." (subscription required). Miramar Ship Index. Accessed 15 November 2009. 4735:." (subscription required). Miramar Ship Index. Accessed 15 November 2009. 2546:

passed through the same stretch of sea and received damage from exploding

1917:, a strike group from a different force, formed around the fleet carriers 6237: 6227: 6114: 6093: 5838: 5730: 4687: 4622: 4568: 3115: 2930: 2902: 2882: 2408: 2366: 2081: 1883: 1722: 1665: 1370:

carried 20 mm and .50 caliber guns for most of 1942. In April,

1025: 1010: 926: 834: 830: 655: 646: 594: 546: 433: 329: 4873: 4819:

US Fast Battleships 1936–47: The North Carolina and South Dakota Classes

4645: 4591: 2392: 1725:

limited profit from a ship's construction to 10 percent, while the

6197: 6135: 6040: 5867: 5763: 5180: 4606: 3002: 2698: 2524: 2518: 2514: 2370: 2245: 1593: 1455: 833:, giving it a 19,000–30,000 yd (9.4–14.8 nmi; 17–27 km) 826: 801: 765: 761: 634: 427: 415: 2538:, accidentally rammed a destroyer, cutting it in two. Directly behind 1244: 966:

was ultimately rejected in favor of a ship that sacrificed both speed

6107: 6030: 6025: 6020: 5893: 5755: 5509: 3205: 2752: 2594: 2470: 2233: 2138: 2134: 2130: 2008: 1561: 1542: 1481:

Both ships underwent extensive refits near the end or after the war.

1075: 897:

At least 35 different final designs were proposed. All numbered with

316: 5036: 1115:

secondary battery was composed of all dual-mounted guns (no single).

4064:

McBride, "The Unstable Dynamics of a Strategic Technology," 417–418

2416: 2290: 2182: 2166: 2122: 1934: 1857: 1853: 1718: 1634: 1597: 1486: 1470: 943:

With these parameters now set, "XVI" would become the basis of the

914: 712:

to discuss, and hopefully end, the naval arms race. The subsequent

670:

of eight battleships and eight battlecruisers or cruisers with the

508: 421: 291: 226: 4703:. Naval History & Heritage Command. Accessed 15 November 2009. 2642:

from 5,800 yd (5 km; 3 nmi), point blank range for

2554:, until 15 May; they returned to Scapa Flow on 3 June. On 4 June, 2133:) for much of the year, providing support for airborne strikes on 1844:, it was only cured after different propellers were tested aboard 1714:%" price, but this led to the rejection of their bid out of hand. 1166: 5745: 5426: 3201: 2890: 2871: 2260:, the battleship provided bombardment support for troops ashore. 2249: 2241: 2225: 2190: 2174: 2103: 2089: 2017: 2004: 1793: 1256: 2200:

was one of the American ships which took part in the so-called "

4421:"Marshall Islands Campaign," Naval History and Heritage Command 3657:

McBride, "The Unstable Dynamics of a Strategic Technology," 416

2875: 2362: 2253: 2162: 2150: 2146: 2085: 1546: 1071: 281: 3172:

The Seahawk replaced the Kingfisher around the end of the war.

3208:

if they desired to reach the other side of the United States.

3005:

or bad weather. A similar power plant to the one used in the

2979:. A month later, the SCB chairman voiced his belief that the 2764: 2697:. It then joined with four battleships and six destroyers as 2694: 2221: 2217: 2158: 2093: 1458:

air search, two Mark 3s and three Mark 4 secondary armament.

1442: 512: 53: 52:) mounted during the war had been removed, while more modern 4840:

Moss, Stafford. "A Comparison of Machinery Installations of

1251:

Each gun was 736 in (18,700 mm) long overall; its

4672:

Battleships of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia

2791: 2597:, on 14 September, where it became the flagship of Admiral 2558:

hosted the commander of US naval forces in Europe, Admiral

2154: 1566: 1078:

turrets would be mounted aft, both holding four 14-in guns.

989: 532:

16-inch (406 mm)/45 caliber Mark 6 guns

3153:

Struck 1 June 1960; sold for scrap, 24 May 1961

2948:

s. The ships received alterations during this period; the

2624:

that night. The Japanese, composed of the fast battleship

2513:

and various smaller ships, sailed to bolster the British

1600:

is, ranging from 11.5 to 16 inches (292–406 mm)

805: 2804:

when the latter left formation to fuel four destroyers.

2794:

on 1 February, with the sky still shrouded in darkness,

1020:

In a final vain attempt, Roosevelt's Secretary of State

2007:

hit on the port side 20 ft (6.1 m) below the

1170:

A cut-away diagram of the 16-inch turrets on board the

4576:

Battleships: United States Battleships in World War II

3260:

and the Miramar Ship Index give a date of 6 June 1961.

2096:

before returning to carrier screening; it accompanied

2012:

entered—killed five men, and wounded twenty. Although

1517:

class were equipped with four General Electric geared

4751:

Marshall Islands Campaign, Jan.–Feb. 1944 – USS

4722:

United States of America 5"/38 (12.7 cm) Mark 12

4715:

United States of America 16"/45 (40.6 cm) Mark 6

1929:, attacked TF 16. In an intense eight-minute battle, 1024:

sent a telegram on 4 June to the Ambassador to Japan

571:. Both battleships were damaged during the war, with 4923: 4674:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1998. 4578:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1976. 4555:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1985. 4540:. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press, 1985. 3024:

class' were 19 ft (5.8 m) wide, while the

2717:

also participated. TG 52.2 then voyaged to the

2534:

this duty, an accompanying British battleship, HMS

637:; in December 1918, the administration of President 6319: 3814:s dimensions and displacement differ slightly from 1001:

battleships should contemplate the ... 14-inch gun.

954: 4121: 4119: 3933: 3931: 893:fires a three-gun salvo from its number one turret 732:The treaties heavily influenced the design of the 3256:state that the ship was sold on 24 May 1961, the 2840:did not enter the war zone again until late May. 2240:continued escort duty when naval aircraft struck 1797:in the time of construction made it impractical. 1399:was assigned to have fifty-six 20 mm, while 866:, the president of the Naval War College Admiral 6482: 5037:United States naval ship classes of World War II 2917: 2048:added outside their magazines. However, the new 242:728 ft 8.625 in (222.113 m) 4553:U.S. Battleships: An Illustrated Design History 4116: 3928: 3713:Letter from Roosevelt to Secretary of the Navy 2577:(left column, walking towards camera) on board 1890:, the battleship escorted the aircraft carrier 1596:is installed upon the ship; note how thick the 1450:addition, the ships were commissioned with two 788:Although these original three studies were all 561:also participated in a surface engagement, the 387:5 in (127 mm)/38 caliber Mark 12 guns 380:16 in (406 mm)/45 caliber Mark 6 guns 4170: 3949: 3947: 3791: 3789: 3627: 3625: 3424: 3422: 3420: 3418: 3035:also contained a plan for a conversion of the 2933:during post-overhaul trials, 10 September 1945 2906:only a little more than six years of service. 1395:had fifty-three by March 1944. In April 1945, 6501:World War II battleships of the United States 6305: 5022: 4996:List of battleships of the United States Navy 4909: 4292: 4290: 4060: 4058: 4048: 4046: 3980: 3978: 3976: 3744:Muir, "Gun Calibers and Battle Zones," 28, 34 3735:Muir, "Gun Calibers and Battle Zones," 28, 35 3666:"Treaty for the Limitation of Naval Armament" 3113: 2638:remained undetected and at midnight fired on 4460: 4458: 4431: 4429: 4427: 4404: 4402: 4276: 4274: 4257: 4255: 4253: 4251: 4249: 4247: 4245: 4243: 4241: 4188: 4186: 4072: 4070: 3442: 3440: 3438: 3347: 3345: 3343: 2733:to prepare to bombard Nauru with its sister 2729:to provide protection for ships there, then 2189:used its main battery to bombard Saipan and 528:14-inch (356 mm)/50 caliber Mark B guns 232:44,800 long tons (45,519 t) (full load) 56:had been mounted on its fore and main masts. 4801:Treaty for the Limitation of Naval Armament 4701:Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships 4660:Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships 4483: 4267:Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships 4112:Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships 3944: 3885: 3883: 3881: 3879: 3786: 3622: 3415: 3391: 3389: 3387: 3385: 3383: 3381: 3367: 3365: 3363: 3361: 3329: 3327: 3246:Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships 3152: 2668:s secondary battery also damaged destroyer 2055:Repaired and refitted at the facilities in 1374:had, respectively, forty and twelve, while 666:was, by 1920, attempting to build up to an 6312: 6298: 5029: 5015: 4916: 4902: 4373: 4287: 4102: 4100: 4098: 4096: 4094: 4092: 4090: 4088: 4086: 4055: 4043: 4004: 3973: 2893:and the subsequent formal ceremony aboard 1738:, against the union of the unskilled, the 1128: 936:However, one member of the Board, Admiral 253:108 ft 3.875 in (33.017 m) 4574:Garzke, William H., and Robert O. Dulin. 4455: 4424: 4399: 4352:. The Naval Technical Board. pp. 5–8 4271: 4238: 4212: 4183: 4132: 4067: 4052:Muir, "Gun Calibers and Battle Zones," 28 3960: 3896: 3873:DiGiulian, "16"/45 (40.6 cm) Mark 6" 3851: 3704:Muir, "Gun Calibers and Battle Zones," 25 3700: 3698: 3435: 3340: 2349:contingent were sent ashore to assist in 2256:in January and February 1945. During the 2129:, Commander, Battleships, Pacific Fleet ( 1411:carried one quad and sixty-three single. 808:. It was reportedly favored by President 27:US Navy fast battleship class (1937–1947) 4364: 4334: 4316: 3876: 3869: 3867: 3402: 3378: 3358: 3324: 2921: 2769: 2568: 2436: 2262: 2080:while the carrier launched strikes upon 1943: 1657: 1580: 1501: 1418: 1342:The remaining weaponry on board the two 1323: 1165: 885: 748: 4724:." NavWeaps. Accessed 15 November 2009. 4717:." NavWeaps. Accessed 15 November 2009. 4083: 3918: 3916: 3914: 3912: 3313: 3311: 3309: 3307: 3293: 3291: 3289: 2407:for $ 250,000 on 8 August 1961 to be a 2102:while that carrier launched attacks on 1478:was the recipient of similar upgrades. 520:General Board of the United States Navy 14: 6483: 3695: 1852:to the Atlantic Ocean caused it to be 662:, to be laid down beginning in 1922). 6293: 5010: 4897: 3864: 2741:-class battleships, and the carriers 2173:destroyed defensive installations on 1529:s boilers supplied steam at 575 401: 264:35 ft 6 in (10.820 m) 4665:Naval History & Heritage Command 4340: 3909: 3304: 3286: 2564:King George VI of the United Kingdom 2469:. The fixes made it possible to run 2421:National Register of Historic Places 2387:on 27 June 1947; it remained in the 1871:and participation in war exercises, 1740:Congress of Industrial Organizations 1280: 557:, and conducted shore bombardments. 2996:Later calculations proved that the 2620:, and four destroyers were sent to 2310:in company with fellow battleships 1834:. A problem shared with its sister 1818:class of the early 1920s. Although 1445:, were originally fitted with many 1319: 496:in the late 1930s and early 1940s. 24: 4811: 4740:Single Ship Report for "6112726" ( 4729:Single Ship Report for "6112175" ( 2848:Mariana and Palau Islands campaign 2391:in until 1 June 1960, when it was 2373:training cruise in the Caribbean. 2181:on 6 June for assaults within the 2121:escorted aircraft carriers as the 1956:s torpedo opened a gaping hole in 1454:and were originally fitted with a 1407:also carried twenty single, while 756:seen from the air on 17 April 1942 25: 6512: 4880: 3043: 2870:, it supported troops assaulting 2169:in January–April. Also in April, 2063:operated as a carrier escort for 1800: 1727:Walsh–Healey Public Contracts Act 1185:were principally armed with nine 1123: 819:Bureau of Construction and Repair 575:taking a torpedo hit in 1942 and 6496:North Carolina-class battleships 4817:Burr, Lawrence, and Peter Bull. 3001:overestimation to account for a 2854:spotted by American submarines, 1194:1.1-inch (28 mm)/75 caliber 1100: 1083: 1059: 1046: 844:) while still mounting 12 guns. 366: 111: 35: 6320:Final generation of battleships 4779:. Accessed on 15 November 2009. 4530: 4509: 4496: 4470: 4442: 4415: 4386: 4325: 4303: 4225: 4199: 4157: 4144: 4030: 4017: 3991: 3838: 3825: 3802: 3773: 3760: 3747: 3738: 3729: 3720: 3707: 3682: 3669: 3660: 3651: 3638: 3609: 3596: 3583: 3570: 3557: 3544: 3531: 3518: 3505: 3492: 3479: 3466: 3453: 3301:" in the Naval Vessel Register. 3238: 3229: 3211: 3193: 3184: 3175: 2781:s bow after its collision with 2575:George VI of the United Kingdom 2335:, along with smaller warships. 2092:. On 1–8 December it bombarded 1671: 1629:3.9 inches (99 mm) thick. 1211: 18:North Carolina class battleship 4538:Naval Weapons of World War Two 3904:Naval Weapons of World War Two 3891:Naval Weapons of World War Two 3859:Naval Weapons of World War Two 3321:" in the Naval Vessel Register 3273: 3166: 3062: 2003:. A 660 lb (300 kg) 1906:Battle of the Eastern Solomons 1676:Two ships, each to cost about 1414: 1300:The 5-inch/38 functioned as a 1291:5-inch/38-caliber Mark 12 guns 13: 1: 4860:XLVII, no. 4 (2010): 363–91. 4805:Third London Naval Conference 4525: 2971:s which included twenty-four 2918:Post-war alteration proposals 2430: 1999:, one missed, and one struck 1497: 608: 4888:Post-Dreadnought Battleships 4667:. Accessed 15 November 2009. 3924:5"/38 (12.7 cm) Mark 12 3118:since 29 April 1962 in 2885:. On 24 March and 19 April, 2622:intercept the Japanese force 1736:American Federation of Labor 854:. These included the acting 829:and 5.25-inch (133 mm) 555:Battle of the Philippine Sea 7: 4632:XVII, no. 1 (1980): 24–35. 4601:38, no. 2 (1997): 386–423. 4343:"Kirishima Damage Analysis" 3267: 3137:Philadelphia Naval Shipyard 2963:In May 1954, SCB created a 2649:s 16-inch/45-caliber guns. 2481:In early 1942 Rear Admiral 1748:Bureau of Steam Engineering 1698:Philadelphia Naval Shipyard 1161: 1074:with wings folded. Two non- 714:Washington Naval Conference 563:Naval Battle of Guadalcanal 332:(52 km/h; 32 mph) 94:Philadelphia Naval Shipyard 10: 6517: 4793: 3120:Wilmington, North Carolina 2950:Ship Characteristics Board 2929:steaming at high speed in 2774:The severe damage done to 2701: 53.2 for exercises; 2601:. Over the coming months, 2566:inspected the battleship. 2425:National Historic Landmark 2306:of the industrial area in 1838:and some other ships like 1653: 727:Second London Naval Treaty 442:: 12 in (305 mm) 430:: 16 in (406 mm) 424:: 16 in (406 mm) 418:: 12 in (305 mm) 402:"Smaller weaponry" section 400:, varied greatly; see the 229:(37,187 t) (standard) 6462: 6413: 6325: 6261: 6223:Motor torpedo boat tender 6153: 6039: 6011: 5892: 5837: 5754: 5729: 5702: 5647: 5508: 5425: 5358: 5289: 5269: 5179: 5124: 5097: 5042: 4991: 4956: 4934: 4437:United States Battleships 4410:United States Battleships 4394:United States Battleships 4311:United States Battleships 4282:United States Battleships 4233:United States Battleships 4220:United States Battleships 4207:United States Battleships 4194:United States Battleships 4165:United States Battleships 4078:United States Battleships 4038:United States Battleships 4025:United States Battleships 3999:United States Battleships 3968:United States Battleships 3833:United States Battleships 3797:United States Battleships 3487:United States Battleships 3448:United States Battleships 3410:United States Battleships 3397:United States Battleships 3373:United States Battleships 3335:United States Battleships 3254:United States Battleships 3132: 3125: 3114:Struck 1 June 1960; 3093: 3086: 3081: 3078: 3075: 3072: 3069: 3066: 3060: 3057: 2965:class improvement project 2846:next participated in the 2267:Fireworks exploding over 1826:on 13 June 1940 and 1690:Newport News Shipbuilding 1236:armor-piercing (AP) shell 1038:Selected proposed designs 860:Chief of Naval Operations 810:Franklin Delano Roosevelt 739: 204: 61: 34: 4821:. Oxford: Osprey, 2010. 4759:Collide, 1 February 1944 3159: 2681:stayed near its base in 2359:Operation "Magic Carpet" 1987:, three hit the carrier 1982:Japanese submarine 1970:then joined the carrier 1898:invasions of Guadalcanal 1576: 1262:high capacity (HC) shell 1220:class and the follow-up 1187:16-inch (406 mm)/45 881: 744: 551:fast carrier task forces 6268:Completed after the war 5099:Light aircraft carriers 4331:Garzke and Dulin, p. 44 3252:and Garzke and Dulin's 3098:New York Naval Shipyard 2405:state of North Carolina 2232:, one which sank three 1694:New York Naval Shipyard 1618:Special Treatment Steel 1129:General characteristics 838:(similar to the French 804:and eight 14-inch guns 718:Washington Naval Treaty 591:state of North Carolina 205:General characteristics 84:New York Naval Shipyard 6253:Underway replenishment 4777:Department of the Navy 4707: 4599:Technology and Culture 2934: 2852:Imperial Japanese Navy 2787: 2606:bombardment force was 2586: 2560:Harold Rainsford Stark 2450: 2415:on 29 April 1962 as a 2411:. It was dedicated in 2338:In August, members of 2278: 1964: 1941:took three bomb hits. 1682:Bethlehem Shipbuilding 1668: 1601: 1510: 1430: 1339: 1175: 1003: 972: 955:The "escalator clause" 894: 757: 455:Vought OS2U Kingfisher 392:Smaller weapons, like 4890:". NavSource History. 4858:Warship International 4773:Naval Vessel Register 4630:Warship International 3258:Naval Vessel Register 3102:27 October 1937 2975:guns directed by six 2925: 2773: 2572: 2440: 2397:Naval Vessel Register 2266: 2206:Puget Sound Navy Yard 2202:Marianas Turkey Shoot 1947: 1692:. The other two, the 1686:New York Shipbuilding 1661: 1584: 1505: 1422: 1327: 1169: 998: 959: 903:standard displacement 889: 856:Secretary of the Navy 768:, all forward of the 752: 722:standard displacement 716:resulted in the 1922 613:After the end of the 553:, such as during the 507:of under 35,000 505:standard displacement 367:"Electronics" section 6274:Single ship of class 6203:High-speed transport 4856:Class Battleships." 2585:is in the background 2493:. On 26 March 1942, 2423:and designated as a 2258:invasion of Iwo Jima 2185:; as part of these, 1787:Construction of the 1608:class incorporated " 1469:in April 1944, with 1441:, designed prior to 1216:Mounted on both the 706:Charles Evans Hughes 660:N3-class battleships 549:where they escorted 460:Curtiss SC-1 Seahawk 279:Babcock & Wilcox 4967:(1920) (planned) / 4787:(BB-56); battleship 4769:(BB-55); battleship 3244:While the official 3054: 3053:-class battleships 3033:helicopter carriers 2489:as the flagship of 2385:Bayonne, New Jersey 2369:before beginning a 2304:17 July bombardment 1723:Vinson–Trammell Act 1571:alternating current 1206:Oerlikon 20 mm 1158:class battleships. 654:, with the first's 6491:Battleship classes 4928:-class battleships 4720:DiGiulian, Tony. " 4713:DiGiulian, Tony. " 4551:Friedman, Norman. 4466:Miramar Ship Index 4435:Garzke and Dulin, 4408:Garzke and Dulin, 4392:Garzke and Dulin, 4350:www.navweapons.com 4341:Lundgren, Robert. 4309:Garzke and Dulin, 4280:Garzke and Dulin, 4231:Garzke and Dulin, 4218:Garzke and Dulin, 4205:Garzke and Dulin, 4192:Garzke and Dulin, 4163:Garzke and Dulin, 4140:Miramar Ship Index 4076:Garzke and Dulin, 4036:Garzke and Dulin, 4023:Garzke and Dulin, 3997:Garzke and Dulin, 3966:Garzke and Dulin, 3831:Garzke and Dulin, 3795:Garzke and Dulin, 3485:Garzke and Dulin, 3446:Garzke and Dulin, 3408:Garzke and Dulin, 3395:Garzke and Dulin, 3371:Garzke and Dulin, 3333:Garzke and Dulin, 3150:27 June 1947 3141:14 June 1938 3111:27 June 1947 3108:9 April 1941 3105:13 June 1940 3048: 2935: 2788: 2677:Until April 1943, 2599:Willis "Ching" Lee 2587: 2581:, 7 June 1942; an 2451: 2355:official surrender 2283:assault on Okinawa 2279: 2030:-class battleships 1965: 1888:Task Force (TF) 16 1772:in December 1937, 1669: 1643:anti-torpedo bulge 1602: 1511: 1461:By November 1942, 1431: 1340: 1274:steeper trajectory 1232:-class battleships 1176: 895: 872:War Plans Division 790:"fast" battleships 782:Bureau of Ordnance 758: 703:Secretary of State 494:United States Navy 362:processing systems 119:United States Navy 6478: 6477: 6287: 6286: 5649:Destroyer escorts 5044:Aircraft carriers 5004: 5003: 4827:978-1-84603-510-4 4464:"6112726" in the 4138:"6112175" in the 3848:, 276–277 and 447 3715:Claude A. Swanson 3157: 3156: 3147:15 May 1941 3144:1 June 1940 2725:first steamed to 2687:Solomons campaign 2117:in January 1944, 1770:destroyer tenders 1622:torpedo bulkheads 1513:The ships in the 1452:Mark 38 directors 1281:Secondary battery 1270:16-inch/50 Mark 7 1202:Bofors 40 mm 1113:5-inch/38 caliber 1015:Battle of Jutland 1007:Claude A. Swanson 975:—Naval historian 794:Naval War College 652:G3 battlecruisers 467: 466: 152:Succeeded by 73:-class battleship 16:(Redirected from 6508: 6314: 6307: 6300: 6291: 6290: 6248:Submarine tender 6193:Destroyer tender 6168:Floating drydock 5170:Commencement Bay 5031: 5024: 5017: 5008: 5007: 4918: 4911: 4904: 4895: 4894: 4886:Mohl, Michael. " 4807:, 25 March 1936. 4536:Campbell, John. 4520: 4517:U.S. Battleships 4513: 4507: 4504:U.S. Battleships 4500: 4494: 4491:U.S. Battleships 4487: 4481: 4478:U.S. Battleships 4474: 4468: 4462: 4453: 4446: 4440: 4433: 4422: 4419: 4413: 4406: 4397: 4390: 4384: 4377: 4371: 4368: 4362: 4361: 4359: 4357: 4347: 4338: 4332: 4329: 4323: 4320: 4314: 4307: 4301: 4294: 4285: 4278: 4269: 4259: 4236: 4229: 4223: 4216: 4210: 4203: 4197: 4190: 4181: 4174: 4168: 4161: 4155: 4152:U.S. Battleships 4148: 4142: 4136: 4130: 4127:U.S. Battleships 4123: 4114: 4104: 4081: 4074: 4065: 4062: 4053: 4050: 4041: 4034: 4028: 4021: 4015: 4008: 4002: 3995: 3989: 3982: 3971: 3964: 3958: 3955:U.S. Battleships 3951: 3942: 3939:U.S. Battleships 3935: 3926: 3920: 3907: 3900: 3894: 3887: 3874: 3871: 3862: 3855: 3849: 3846:U.S. Battleships 3842: 3836: 3829: 3823: 3820: 3813: 3806: 3800: 3793: 3784: 3781:U.S. Battleships 3777: 3771: 3768:U.S. Battleships 3764: 3758: 3755:U.S. Battleships 3751: 3745: 3742: 3736: 3733: 3727: 3724: 3718: 3711: 3705: 3702: 3693: 3690:U.S. Battleships 3686: 3680: 3677:U.S. Battleships 3673: 3667: 3664: 3658: 3655: 3649: 3646:U.S. Battleships 3642: 3636: 3633:U.S. Battleships 3629: 3620: 3617:U.S. Battleships 3613: 3607: 3604:U.S. Battleships 3600: 3594: 3591:U.S. Battleships 3587: 3581: 3578:U.S. Battleships 3574: 3568: 3565:U.S. Battleships 3561: 3555: 3552:U.S. Battleships 3548: 3542: 3539:U.S. Battleships 3535: 3529: 3526:U.S. Battleships 3522: 3516: 3513:U.S. Battleships 3509: 3503: 3500:U.S. Battleships 3496: 3490: 3483: 3477: 3474:U.S. Battleships 3470: 3464: 3461:U.S. Battleships 3457: 3451: 3444: 3433: 3430:U.S. Battleships 3426: 3413: 3406: 3400: 3393: 3376: 3369: 3356: 3349: 3338: 3331: 3322: 3315: 3302: 3295: 3284: 3281:U.S. Battleships 3277: 3261: 3242: 3236: 3233: 3227: 3215: 3209: 3197: 3191: 3188: 3182: 3179: 3173: 3170: 3064: 3055: 3047: 3019: 2827: 2780: 2693:operated out of 2667: 2648: 2471:builder's trials 2403:was sold to the 2344: 2308:Hitachi, Ibaraki 2125:of Vice Admiral 1978: 1962: 1955: 1865:shakedown cruise 1832:propeller shafts 1713: 1712: 1708: 1705: 1591: 1528: 1428: 1320:Smaller weaponry 1302:dual purpose gun 1104: 1087: 1063: 1050: 979: 931:commerce raiding 864:William Standley 710:Washington, D.C. 589:was sold to the 518:Eventually, the 492:, built for the 478:fast battleships 449:Aircraft carried 308:General Electric 117: 115: 114: 39: 32: 31: 21: 6516: 6515: 6511: 6510: 6509: 6507: 6506: 6505: 6481: 6480: 6479: 6474: 6458: 6409: 6321: 6318: 6288: 6283: 6257: 6243:Seaplane tender 6213:Ice cream barge 6155:Auxiliary ships 6149: 6035: 6007: 5888: 5833: 5750: 5725: 5704:Patrol frigates 5698: 5643: 5631:Robert H. Smith 5624:Allen M. Sumner 5504: 5421: 5354: 5285: 5265: 5175: 5126:Escort carriers 5120: 5093: 5038: 5035: 5005: 5000: 4987: 4952: 4930: 4922: 4883: 4814: 4812:Further reading 4796: 4738:Haworth, R.B. " 4727:Haworth, R.B. " 4710: 4533: 4528: 4523: 4514: 4510: 4501: 4497: 4488: 4484: 4475: 4471: 4463: 4456: 4447: 4443: 4434: 4425: 4420: 4416: 4407: 4400: 4391: 4387: 4378: 4374: 4369: 4365: 4355: 4353: 4345: 4339: 4335: 4330: 4326: 4321: 4317: 4308: 4304: 4295: 4288: 4279: 4272: 4260: 4239: 4230: 4226: 4217: 4213: 4204: 4200: 4191: 4184: 4175: 4171: 4162: 4158: 4149: 4145: 4137: 4133: 4124: 4117: 4105: 4084: 4075: 4068: 4063: 4056: 4051: 4044: 4035: 4031: 4022: 4018: 4009: 4005: 3996: 3992: 3983: 3974: 3965: 3961: 3952: 3945: 3936: 3929: 3921: 3910: 3901: 3897: 3888: 3877: 3872: 3865: 3856: 3852: 3843: 3839: 3830: 3826: 3822:(10.59 m). 3818: 3811: 3807: 3803: 3794: 3787: 3778: 3774: 3765: 3761: 3752: 3748: 3743: 3739: 3734: 3730: 3725: 3721: 3712: 3708: 3703: 3696: 3687: 3683: 3674: 3670: 3665: 3661: 3656: 3652: 3643: 3639: 3630: 3623: 3614: 3610: 3601: 3597: 3588: 3584: 3575: 3571: 3562: 3558: 3549: 3545: 3536: 3532: 3523: 3519: 3510: 3506: 3497: 3493: 3484: 3480: 3471: 3467: 3458: 3454: 3445: 3436: 3427: 3416: 3407: 3403: 3394: 3379: 3370: 3359: 3350: 3341: 3332: 3325: 3316: 3305: 3296: 3287: 3278: 3274: 3270: 3265: 3264: 3243: 3239: 3234: 3230: 3216: 3212: 3198: 3194: 3189: 3185: 3180: 3176: 3171: 3167: 3162: 3079:Decommissioned 3046: 3017: 2920: 2825: 2778: 2719:Gilbert Islands 2699:Task Group (TG) 2665: 2646: 2583:OS2U Kingfisher 2435: 2351:occupying Japan 2342: 2276: (SSN-777) 2230:another typhoon 2050:Bureau of Ships 1976: 1960: 1953: 1850:New York Harbor 1805: 1710: 1706: 1703: 1701: 1674: 1656: 1589: 1579: 1526: 1507:North Carolina' 1500: 1426: 1417: 1322: 1283: 1240:muzzle velocity 1214: 1164: 1131: 1126: 1121: 1120: 1119: 1116: 1105: 1096: 1088: 1079: 1064: 1055: 1051: 1040: 1039: 1011:First World War 981: 977:Norman Friedman 974: 957: 884: 747: 742: 615:First World War 611: 579:colliding with 547:Pacific Theater 476:were a pair of 361: 311:geared turbines 272:Installed power 214:Fast battleship 112: 110: 57: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6514: 6504: 6503: 6498: 6493: 6476: 6475: 6473: 6472: 6466: 6464: 6460: 6459: 6457: 6456: 6453:Sovetsky Soyuz 6449: 6442: 6435: 6430: 6425: 6417: 6415: 6411: 6410: 6408: 6407: 6400: 6393: 6386: 6379: 6372: 6369:North Carolina 6365: 6358: 6351: 6344: 6337: 6329: 6327: 6323: 6322: 6317: 6316: 6309: 6302: 6294: 6285: 6284: 6282: 6281: 6278: 6275: 6272: 6269: 6266: 6262: 6259: 6258: 6256: 6255: 6250: 6245: 6240: 6235: 6230: 6225: 6220: 6215: 6210: 6205: 6200: 6195: 6190: 6185: 6180: 6175: 6170: 6165: 6159: 6157: 6151: 6150: 6148: 6147: 6140: 6133: 6126: 6119: 6112: 6105: 6098: 6091: 6084: 6077: 6070: 6063: 6056: 6051: 6045: 6043: 6037: 6036: 6034: 6033: 6028: 6023: 6017: 6015: 6009: 6008: 6006: 6005: 5998: 5991: 5984: 5977: 5970: 5963: 5956: 5949: 5942: 5935: 5928: 5921: 5914: 5909: 5904: 5898: 5896: 5890: 5889: 5887: 5886: 5879: 5872: 5865: 5858: 5851: 5843: 5841: 5835: 5834: 5832: 5831: 5824: 5817: 5810: 5803: 5796: 5789: 5782: 5775: 5768: 5760: 5758: 5752: 5751: 5749: 5748: 5743: 5735: 5733: 5727: 5726: 5724: 5723: 5716: 5708: 5706: 5700: 5699: 5697: 5696: 5693:John C. Butler 5689: 5682: 5675: 5668: 5661: 5653: 5651: 5645: 5644: 5642: 5641: 5634: 5627: 5620: 5613: 5606: 5599: 5592: 5585: 5578: 5571: 5564: 5557: 5550: 5543: 5536: 5529: 5522: 5514: 5512: 5506: 5505: 5503: 5502: 5495: 5488: 5481: 5474: 5467: 5460: 5453: 5446: 5439: 5431: 5429: 5423: 5422: 5420: 5419: 5414: 5407: 5400: 5393: 5386: 5379: 5372: 5364: 5362: 5360:Light cruisers 5356: 5355: 5353: 5352: 5345: 5338: 5331: 5324: 5317: 5310: 5303: 5295: 5293: 5291:Heavy cruisers 5287: 5286: 5284: 5283: 5275: 5273: 5271:Large cruisers 5267: 5266: 5264: 5263: 5256: 5249: 5242: 5239:North Carolina 5235: 5228: 5221: 5214: 5207: 5200: 5193: 5185: 5183: 5177: 5176: 5174: 5173: 5166: 5159: 5152: 5145: 5138: 5130: 5128: 5122: 5121: 5119: 5118: 5111: 5103: 5101: 5095: 5094: 5092: 5091: 5084: 5077: 5070: 5063: 5056: 5048: 5046: 5040: 5039: 5034: 5033: 5026: 5019: 5011: 5002: 5001: 4999: 4998: 4992: 4989: 4988: 4986: 4985: 4975: 4957: 4954: 4953: 4951: 4950: 4943: 4940:North Carolina 4935: 4932: 4931: 4926:North Carolina 4921: 4920: 4913: 4906: 4898: 4892: 4891: 4882: 4881:External links 4879: 4878: 4877: 4842:North Carolina 4838: 4813: 4810: 4809: 4808: 4795: 4792: 4791: 4790: 4780: 4767:North Carolina 4762: 4747: 4736: 4731:North Carolina 4725: 4718: 4709: 4706: 4705: 4704: 4691: 4670:Whitley, M.J. 4668: 4654:North Carolina 4649: 4626: 4595: 4572: 4549: 4532: 4529: 4527: 4524: 4522: 4521: 4508: 4495: 4482: 4480:, 389–390, 421 4469: 4454: 4441: 4423: 4414: 4398: 4385: 4372: 4363: 4333: 4324: 4315: 4302: 4286: 4270: 4237: 4224: 4211: 4198: 4182: 4169: 4156: 4143: 4131: 4115: 4108:North Carolina 4082: 4066: 4054: 4042: 4029: 4016: 4003: 3990: 3972: 3959: 3943: 3927: 3908: 3895: 3875: 3863: 3861:, pp. 114, 117 3850: 3837: 3824: 3816:North Carolina 3801: 3785: 3772: 3759: 3746: 3737: 3728: 3719: 3706: 3694: 3681: 3668: 3659: 3650: 3637: 3621: 3619:, 256, 261–263 3608: 3606:, 254–255, 259 3595: 3582: 3569: 3556: 3554:, 247, 250–251 3543: 3530: 3517: 3504: 3491: 3478: 3465: 3452: 3434: 3414: 3401: 3377: 3357: 3339: 3323: 3303: 3299:North Carolina 3285: 3271: 3269: 3266: 3263: 3262: 3237: 3228: 3219:North Carolina 3210: 3192: 3183: 3174: 3164: 3163: 3161: 3158: 3155: 3154: 3151: 3148: 3145: 3142: 3139: 3134: 3131: 3123: 3122: 3112: 3109: 3106: 3103: 3100: 3095: 3092: 3089:North Carolina 3084: 3083: 3080: 3077: 3074: 3071: 3068: 3065: 3059: 3051:North Carolina 3045: 3044:Ships in class 3042: 3037:North Carolina 3026:North Carolina 3011:North Carolina 2998:North Carolina 2990:North Carolina 2981:North Carolina 2969:North Carolina 2954:North Carolina 2938:North Carolina 2919: 2916: 2868:Enewetak Atoll 2798:collided with 2761:North Carolina 2735:North Carolina 2527:, on 4 April. 2483:John W. Wilcox 2467:North Carolina 2449:on 1 June 1940 2434: 2429: 2401:North Carolina 2381:decommissioned 2377:North Carolina 2340:North Carolina 2300:North Carolina 2287:North Carolina 2274:North Carolina 2269:North Carolina 2238:North Carolina 2214:North Carolina 2208:to receive an 2198:North Carolina 2196:In late June, 2187:North Carolina 2171:North Carolina 2119:North Carolina 2074:North Carolina 2061:North Carolina 2023:North Carolina 2014:North Carolina 2001:North Carolina 1968:North Carolina 1958:North Carolina 1931:North Carolina 1875:transited the 1873:North Carolina 1846:North Carolina 1820:North Carolina 1810:North Carolina 1804: 1802:North Carolina 1799: 1789:North Carolina 1765:North Carolina 1753:North Carolina 1673: 1670: 1663:North Carolina 1655: 1652: 1610:all or nothing 1606:North Carolina 1578: 1575: 1555:nautical miles 1524:North Carolina 1515:North Carolina 1499: 1496: 1483:North Carolina 1467:North Carolina 1463:North Carolina 1435:North Carolina 1416: 1413: 1405:North Carolina 1397:North Carolina 1393:North Carolina 1385:North Carolina 1372:North Carolina 1364:North Carolina 1352:North Carolina 1344:North Carolina 1321: 1318: 1312:anti-air gun. 1306:North Carolina 1287:North Carolina 1282: 1279: 1218:North Carolina 1213: 1210: 1200:machine guns, 1179:North Carolina 1172:North Carolina 1163: 1160: 1143:North Carolina 1135:North Carolina 1130: 1127: 1125: 1124:Specifications 1122: 1118: 1117: 1109:North Carolina 1106: 1099: 1097: 1089: 1082: 1080: 1065: 1058: 1056: 1052: 1045: 1042: 1041: 1037: 1036: 1035: 1031:North Carolina 986:North Carolina 963:North Carolina 958: 956: 953: 945:North Carolina 899:Roman numerals 891:North Carolina 883: 880: 868:William S. Pye 754:North Carolina 746: 743: 741: 738: 734:North Carolina 664:Imperial Japan 639:Woodrow Wilson 625:battlecruisers 610: 607: 587:North Carolina 573:North Carolina 539:North Carolina 483:North Carolina 472:North Carolina 465: 464: 463: 462: 457: 450: 446: 445: 444: 443: 437: 431: 425: 419: 411: 407: 406: 405: 404: 398:Oerlikon 20 mm 390: 383: 374: 370: 369: 363: 357: 356: 355: 354: 351: 346: 342: 341: 338: 334: 333: 326: 322: 321: 320: 319: 313: 302: 298: 297: 296: 295: 284: 273: 269: 268: 262: 258: 257: 251: 247: 246: 240: 236: 235: 234: 233: 230: 221: 217: 216: 211: 210:Class and type 207: 206: 202: 201: 198: 194: 193: 190: 186: 185: 182: 178: 177: 174: 170: 169: 166: 162: 161: 153: 149: 148: 147: 146: 137: 126: 122: 121: 108: 104: 103: 102: 101: 91: 88:North Carolina 79: 75: 74: 71:North Carolina 68: 64: 63: 62:Class overview 59: 58: 50:Oerlikon 20 mm 42:North Carolina 40: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6513: 6502: 6499: 6497: 6494: 6492: 6489: 6488: 6486: 6471: 6468: 6467: 6465: 6461: 6455: 6454: 6450: 6448: 6447: 6443: 6441: 6440: 6436: 6434: 6431: 6429: 6426: 6424: 6423: 6419: 6418: 6416: 6412: 6406: 6405: 6401: 6399: 6398: 6394: 6392: 6391: 6387: 6385: 6384: 6380: 6378: 6377: 6373: 6371: 6370: 6366: 6364: 6363: 6359: 6357: 6356: 6355:King George V 6352: 6350: 6349: 6345: 6343: 6342: 6338: 6336: 6335: 6331: 6330: 6328: 6324: 6315: 6310: 6308: 6303: 6301: 6296: 6295: 6292: 6279: 6276: 6273: 6270: 6267: 6264: 6263: 6260: 6254: 6251: 6249: 6246: 6244: 6241: 6239: 6236: 6234: 6231: 6229: 6226: 6224: 6221: 6219: 6216: 6214: 6211: 6209: 6206: 6204: 6201: 6199: 6196: 6194: 6191: 6189: 6188:Combat stores 6186: 6184: 6181: 6179: 6176: 6174: 6171: 6169: 6166: 6164: 6161: 6160: 6158: 6156: 6152: 6146: 6145: 6141: 6139: 6138: 6134: 6132: 6131: 6127: 6125: 6124: 6120: 6118: 6117: 6113: 6111: 6110: 6106: 6104: 6103: 6099: 6097: 6096: 6092: 6090: 6089: 6085: 6083: 6082: 6078: 6076: 6075: 6071: 6069: 6068: 6064: 6062: 6061: 6057: 6055: 6052: 6050: 6047: 6046: 6044: 6042: 6038: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6018: 6016: 6014: 6010: 6004: 6003: 5999: 5997: 5996: 5992: 5990: 5989: 5985: 5983: 5982: 5978: 5976: 5975: 5971: 5969: 5968: 5964: 5962: 5961: 5957: 5955: 5954: 5950: 5948: 5947: 5943: 5941: 5940: 5936: 5934: 5933: 5929: 5927: 5926: 5922: 5920: 5919: 5915: 5913: 5910: 5908: 5905: 5903: 5900: 5899: 5897: 5895: 5891: 5885: 5884: 5880: 5878: 5877: 5873: 5871: 5870: 5866: 5864: 5863: 5859: 5857: 5856: 5852: 5850: 5849: 5845: 5844: 5842: 5840: 5836: 5830: 5829: 5825: 5823: 5822: 5818: 5816: 5815: 5811: 5809: 5808: 5804: 5802: 5801: 5797: 5795: 5794: 5790: 5788: 5787: 5783: 5781: 5780: 5776: 5774: 5773: 5769: 5767: 5766: 5762: 5761: 5759: 5757: 5753: 5747: 5744: 5742: 5741: 5737: 5736: 5734: 5732: 5728: 5722: 5721: 5717: 5715: 5714: 5710: 5709: 5707: 5705: 5701: 5695: 5694: 5690: 5688: 5687: 5683: 5681: 5680: 5676: 5674: 5673: 5669: 5667: 5666: 5662: 5660: 5659: 5655: 5654: 5652: 5650: 5646: 5640: 5639: 5635: 5633: 5632: 5628: 5626: 5625: 5621: 5619: 5618: 5614: 5612: 5611: 5607: 5605: 5604: 5600: 5598: 5597: 5593: 5591: 5590: 5586: 5584: 5583: 5579: 5577: 5576: 5572: 5570: 5569: 5565: 5563: 5562: 5558: 5556: 5555: 5551: 5549: 5548: 5544: 5542: 5541: 5537: 5535: 5534: 5530: 5528: 5527: 5523: 5521: 5520: 5516: 5515: 5513: 5511: 5507: 5501: 5500: 5496: 5494: 5493: 5489: 5487: 5486: 5482: 5480: 5479: 5475: 5473: 5472: 5471:St. Augustine 5468: 5466: 5465: 5461: 5459: 5458: 5454: 5452: 5451: 5447: 5445: 5444: 5440: 5438: 5437: 5433: 5432: 5430: 5428: 5424: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5412: 5408: 5406: 5405: 5401: 5399: 5398: 5394: 5392: 5391: 5387: 5385: 5384: 5380: 5378: 5377: 5373: 5371: 5370: 5366: 5365: 5363: 5361: 5357: 5351: 5350: 5346: 5344: 5343: 5339: 5337: 5336: 5332: 5330: 5329: 5325: 5323: 5322: 5318: 5316: 5315: 5311: 5309: 5308: 5304: 5302: 5301: 5297: 5296: 5294: 5292: 5288: 5282: 5281: 5277: 5276: 5274: 5272: 5268: 5262: 5261: 5257: 5255: 5254: 5250: 5248: 5247: 5243: 5241: 5240: 5236: 5234: 5233: 5229: 5227: 5226: 5222: 5220: 5219: 5215: 5213: 5212: 5208: 5206: 5205: 5201: 5199: 5198: 5194: 5192: 5191: 5187: 5186: 5184: 5182: 5178: 5172: 5171: 5167: 5165: 5164: 5160: 5158: 5157: 5153: 5151: 5150: 5146: 5144: 5143: 5139: 5137: 5136: 5132: 5131: 5129: 5127: 5123: 5117: 5116: 5112: 5110: 5109: 5105: 5104: 5102: 5100: 5096: 5090: 5089: 5085: 5083: 5082: 5078: 5076: 5075: 5071: 5069: 5068: 5064: 5062: 5061: 5057: 5055: 5054: 5050: 5049: 5047: 5045: 5041: 5032: 5027: 5025: 5020: 5018: 5013: 5012: 5009: 4997: 4994: 4993: 4990: 4983: 4981: 4977:Followed by: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4966: 4964: 4960:Preceded by: 4959: 4958: 4955: 4949: 4948: 4944: 4942: 4941: 4937: 4936: 4933: 4929: 4927: 4919: 4914: 4912: 4907: 4905: 4900: 4899: 4896: 4889: 4885: 4884: 4875: 4871: 4867: 4863: 4859: 4855: 4851: 4847: 4843: 4839: 4836: 4832: 4828: 4824: 4820: 4816: 4815: 4806: 4802: 4798: 4797: 4788: 4786: 4781: 4778: 4774: 4770: 4768: 4763: 4760: 4758: 4754: 4748: 4745: 4743: 4737: 4734: 4732: 4726: 4723: 4719: 4716: 4712: 4711: 4702: 4698: 4697: 4692: 4689: 4685: 4681: 4680:1-55750-184-X 4677: 4673: 4669: 4666: 4662: 4661: 4656: 4655: 4650: 4647: 4643: 4639: 4635: 4631: 4627: 4624: 4620: 4616: 4612: 4608: 4604: 4600: 4596: 4593: 4589: 4585: 4584:0-87021-099-8 4581: 4577: 4573: 4570: 4566: 4562: 4561:0-87021-715-1 4558: 4554: 4550: 4547: 4546:0-87021-459-4 4543: 4539: 4535: 4534: 4518: 4512: 4505: 4499: 4492: 4486: 4479: 4473: 4467: 4461: 4459: 4451: 4445: 4438: 4432: 4430: 4428: 4418: 4411: 4405: 4403: 4395: 4389: 4382: 4376: 4370:Stille, p. 20 4367: 4351: 4344: 4337: 4328: 4322:Schom, p. 424 4319: 4312: 4306: 4299: 4293: 4291: 4283: 4277: 4275: 4268: 4264: 4258: 4256: 4254: 4252: 4250: 4248: 4246: 4244: 4242: 4234: 4228: 4221: 4215: 4208: 4202: 4195: 4189: 4187: 4179: 4173: 4166: 4160: 4154:, 277 and 279 4153: 4147: 4141: 4135: 4128: 4122: 4120: 4113: 4109: 4103: 4101: 4099: 4097: 4095: 4093: 4091: 4089: 4087: 4079: 4073: 4071: 4061: 4059: 4049: 4047: 4039: 4033: 4026: 4020: 4013: 4007: 4000: 3994: 3987: 3981: 3979: 3977: 3969: 3963: 3956: 3950: 3948: 3940: 3934: 3932: 3925: 3919: 3917: 3915: 3913: 3906:, pp. 117–118 3905: 3899: 3892: 3886: 3884: 3882: 3880: 3870: 3868: 3860: 3854: 3847: 3841: 3834: 3828: 3817: 3810: 3805: 3798: 3792: 3790: 3782: 3776: 3769: 3763: 3756: 3750: 3741: 3732: 3723: 3716: 3710: 3701: 3699: 3691: 3685: 3678: 3672: 3663: 3654: 3647: 3641: 3634: 3628: 3626: 3618: 3612: 3605: 3599: 3592: 3586: 3579: 3573: 3566: 3560: 3553: 3547: 3540: 3534: 3527: 3521: 3514: 3508: 3501: 3495: 3488: 3482: 3475: 3469: 3462: 3456: 3449: 3443: 3441: 3439: 3431: 3425: 3423: 3421: 3419: 3411: 3405: 3398: 3392: 3390: 3388: 3386: 3384: 3382: 3374: 3368: 3366: 3364: 3362: 3354: 3348: 3346: 3344: 3336: 3330: 3328: 3320: 3314: 3312: 3310: 3308: 3300: 3294: 3292: 3290: 3282: 3276: 3272: 3259: 3255: 3251: 3247: 3241: 3232: 3225: 3220: 3214: 3207: 3203: 3196: 3187: 3178: 3169: 3165: 3149: 3146: 3143: 3140: 3138: 3135: 3130: 3129: 3124: 3121: 3117: 3110: 3107: 3104: 3101: 3099: 3096: 3091: 3090: 3085: 3076:Commissioned 3056: 3052: 3041: 3038: 3034: 3029: 3027: 3023: 3016: 3012: 3008: 3004: 3003:fouled bottom 2999: 2994: 2991: 2986: 2982: 2978: 2977:Mark 56s 2974: 2970: 2966: 2961: 2959: 2955: 2951: 2947: 2943: 2939: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2915: 2913: 2909: 2904: 2900: 2896: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2879: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2865: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2849: 2845: 2841: 2839: 2835: 2831: 2824: 2820: 2816: 2812: 2807: 2803: 2802: 2797: 2793: 2786: 2785: 2777: 2772: 2768: 2766: 2762: 2758: 2754: 2750: 2749: 2744: 2740: 2736: 2732: 2728: 2724: 2720: 2716: 2715: 2710: 2709: 2704: 2700: 2696: 2692: 2688: 2684: 2683:New Caledonia 2680: 2675: 2673: 2672: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2652: 2645: 2641: 2637: 2633: 2629: 2628: 2623: 2619: 2618: 2613: 2609: 2604: 2600: 2596: 2593:destination, 2591: 2584: 2580: 2576: 2571: 2567: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2548:depth charges 2545: 2541: 2540:King George V 2537: 2536:King George V 2532: 2528: 2526: 2522: 2521: 2516: 2512: 2511: 2506: 2505: 2500: 2497:, along with 2496: 2492: 2491:Task Force 39 2488: 2484: 2479: 2476: 2472: 2468: 2464: 2459: 2458: (BB-56) 2457: 2448: 2444: 2439: 2433: 2428: 2426: 2422: 2418: 2414: 2410: 2406: 2402: 2398: 2394: 2390: 2389:reserve fleet 2386: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2341: 2336: 2334: 2333: 2332:King George V 2327: 2326: 2321: 2320: 2315: 2314: 2309: 2305: 2301: 2296: 2295:friendly fire 2292: 2288: 2284: 2277: 2275: 2270: 2265: 2261: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2248:, China, the 2247: 2243: 2239: 2235: 2231: 2227: 2223: 2219: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2194: 2192: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2168: 2164: 2160: 2156: 2152: 2148: 2144: 2140: 2136: 2132: 2128: 2127:Willis A. Lee 2124: 2120: 2116: 2115:Task Force 58 2111: 2109: 2105: 2101: 2100: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2079: 2075: 2070: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2053: 2051: 2047: 2046:torpedo bulge 2043: 2042: 2037: 2036: 2031: 2029: 2024: 2019: 2015: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1997: 1992: 1991: 1986: 1985: 1975: 1974: 1969: 1959: 1952: 1951: 1946: 1942: 1940: 1936: 1932: 1928: 1927: 1922: 1921: 1916: 1915: 1911: 1910:light carrier 1907: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1894: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1878: 1874: 1870: 1869:Caribbean Sea 1866: 1861: 1859: 1855: 1851: 1847: 1843: 1842: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1817: 1813: 1812: (BB-55) 1811: 1803: 1798: 1795: 1790: 1785: 1783: 1782: 1777: 1776: 1771: 1766: 1762: 1758: 1754: 1749: 1743: 1741: 1737: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1720: 1715: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1683: 1679: 1667: 1664: 1660: 1651: 1649: 1644: 1639: 1636: 1630: 1627: 1626:conning tower 1623: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1599: 1595: 1588: 1583: 1574: 1572: 1568: 1563: 1558: 1556: 1550: 1548: 1544: 1538: 1536: 1532: 1525: 1520: 1516: 1508: 1504: 1495: 1493: 1488: 1484: 1479: 1477: 1472: 1468: 1464: 1459: 1457: 1453: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1425: 1421: 1412: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1394: 1390: 1386: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1365: 1359: 1357: 1353: 1348: 1345: 1337: 1336: 1331: 1326: 1317: 1313: 1311: 1307: 1303: 1298: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1278: 1275: 1271: 1266: 1263: 1258: 1254: 1249: 1246: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1231: 1226: 1224: 1219: 1209: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1173: 1168: 1159: 1157: 1152: 1150: 1144: 1139: 1136: 1114: 1110: 1103: 1098: 1093: 1086: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1062: 1057: 1049: 1044: 1043: 1034: 1032: 1027: 1023: 1018: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1002: 997: 995: 991: 987: 980: 978: 971: 969: 964: 952: 950: 949:armor's slope 946: 941: 939: 938:Joseph Reeves 934: 932: 928: 922: 918: 916: 913:(37,000 912: 906: 904: 900: 892: 888: 879: 877: 873: 869: 865: 861: 857: 853: 851: 845: 843: 842: 836: 832: 828: 822: 820: 815: 811: 807: 803: 797: 795: 791: 786: 783: 779: 775: 771: 767: 763: 755: 751: 737: 735: 730: 728: 723: 719: 715: 711: 707: 704: 699: 697: 693: 692: 687: 686: 681: 680: 675: 674: 669: 665: 661: 658:in 1921, and 657: 653: 648: 644: 643:General Board 640: 636: 633: 631: 626: 623: 621: 616: 606: 604: 600: 596: 592: 588: 584: 583: 578: 574: 570: 569: 564: 560: 556: 552: 548: 544: 540: 535: 533: 529: 525: 521: 516: 514: 511:(35,600 510: 506: 502: 501:capital ships 497: 495: 491: 490: 485: 484: 479: 475: 473: 461: 458: 456: 453: 452: 451: 448: 447: 441: 440:Conning tower 438: 435: 432: 429: 426: 423: 420: 417: 414: 413: 412: 409: 408: 403: 399: 395: 391: 388: 384: 381: 377: 376: 375: 372: 371: 368: 364: 359: 358: 352: 349: 348: 347: 344: 343: 339: 336: 335: 331: 327: 324: 323: 318: 314: 312: 309: 306:four sets of 305: 304: 303: 300: 299: 293: 290:(90,000 289: 286:121,000 285: 283: 280: 276: 275: 274: 271: 270: 267: 263: 260: 259: 256: 252: 249: 248: 245: 241: 238: 237: 231: 228: 224: 223: 222: 219: 218: 215: 212: 209: 208: 203: 199: 196: 195: 191: 188: 187: 183: 180: 179: 175: 172: 171: 167: 164: 163: 160: 158: 154: 151: 150: 144: 142: 138: 135: 133: 129: 128: 127: 124: 123: 120: 109: 106: 105: 99: 95: 92: 89: 85: 82: 81: 80: 77: 76: 72: 69: 66: 65: 60: 55: 51: 47: 43: 38: 33: 30: 19: 6452: 6445: 6438: 6428:Design A-150 6421: 6403: 6396: 6390:South Dakota 6389: 6382: 6375: 6368: 6367: 6361: 6354: 6347: 6340: 6333: 6143: 6136: 6129: 6122: 6115: 6108: 6101: 6094: 6087: 6080: 6073: 6066: 6059: 6001: 5994: 5987: 5980: 5973: 5966: 5959: 5951: 5945: 5938: 5930: 5924: 5916: 5882: 5875: 5868: 5861: 5854: 5847: 5839:Minesweepers 5827: 5820: 5813: 5806: 5799: 5792: 5785: 5778: 5771: 5764: 5739: 5731:Patrol boats 5719: 5711: 5692: 5685: 5678: 5671: 5664: 5657: 5637: 5630: 5623: 5616: 5609: 5602: 5595: 5588: 5581: 5574: 5567: 5560: 5553: 5546: 5539: 5532: 5525: 5518: 5498: 5491: 5484: 5477: 5470: 5464:Williamsburg 5463: 5456: 5449: 5442: 5435: 5410: 5403: 5396: 5389: 5382: 5375: 5368: 5348: 5341: 5334: 5327: 5320: 5313: 5306: 5299: 5279: 5259: 5252: 5246:South Dakota 5245: 5238: 5237: 5231: 5224: 5217: 5211:Pennsylvania 5210: 5203: 5196: 5189: 5169: 5162: 5155: 5148: 5141: 5134: 5114: 5108:Independence 5107: 5087: 5080: 5073: 5066: 5059: 5052: 4980:South Dakota 4979: 4969: 4963:South Dakota 4962: 4946: 4939: 4925: 4924: 4857: 4853: 4849: 4846:South Dakota 4845: 4841: 4818: 4784: 4766: 4756: 4752: 4741: 4730: 4700: 4695: 4671: 4658: 4653: 4629: 4598: 4575: 4552: 4537: 4531:Bibliography 4516: 4511: 4503: 4498: 4490: 4485: 4477: 4472: 4465: 4449: 4444: 4436: 4417: 4409: 4393: 4388: 4380: 4375: 4366: 4356:20 September 4354:. Retrieved 4349: 4336: 4327: 4318: 4310: 4305: 4297: 4281: 4266: 4262: 4232: 4227: 4219: 4214: 4206: 4201: 4193: 4177: 4172: 4164: 4159: 4151: 4146: 4139: 4134: 4126: 4111: 4107: 4077: 4037: 4032: 4024: 4019: 4011: 4006: 3998: 3993: 3985: 3967: 3962: 3954: 3938: 3903: 3898: 3890: 3858: 3853: 3845: 3840: 3832: 3827: 3815: 3808: 3804: 3796: 3780: 3775: 3767: 3762: 3754: 3749: 3740: 3731: 3722: 3709: 3689: 3684: 3676: 3671: 3662: 3653: 3645: 3640: 3632: 3616: 3611: 3603: 3598: 3590: 3585: 3577: 3572: 3564: 3559: 3551: 3546: 3538: 3533: 3525: 3520: 3512: 3507: 3499: 3494: 3486: 3481: 3473: 3468: 3460: 3455: 3447: 3429: 3409: 3404: 3396: 3372: 3352: 3334: 3318: 3298: 3280: 3275: 3253: 3249: 3245: 3240: 3231: 3218: 3213: 3195: 3186: 3177: 3168: 3127: 3088: 3050: 3036: 3031:Designs for 3030: 3025: 3021: 3014: 3010: 3006: 2997: 2995: 2989: 2985:South Dakota 2984: 2980: 2968: 2962: 2957: 2953: 2946:South Dakota 2945: 2941: 2937: 2936: 2926: 2907: 2898: 2894: 2886: 2880: 2863: 2855: 2843: 2842: 2837: 2829: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2810: 2805: 2800: 2795: 2789: 2783: 2775: 2760: 2756: 2747: 2742: 2739:South Dakota 2738: 2734: 2731:Ocean Island 2722: 2714:Independence 2713: 2707: 2702: 2690: 2678: 2676: 2670: 2662: 2658: 2654: 2650: 2643: 2639: 2635: 2632:South Dakota 2631: 2626: 2617:South Dakota 2616: 2611: 2602: 2595:Tonga Island 2589: 2588: 2578: 2555: 2543: 2539: 2535: 2530: 2529: 2519: 2509: 2503: 2498: 2494: 2486: 2480: 2474: 2466: 2462: 2455: 2452: 2446: 2431: 2400: 2376: 2375: 2353:. After the 2339: 2337: 2331: 2324: 2318: 2312: 2299: 2286: 2280: 2273: 2268: 2237: 2228:. Surviving 2213: 2197: 2195: 2186: 2178: 2170: 2118: 2112: 2098: 2077: 2073: 2068: 2064: 2060: 2057:Pearl Harbor 2054: 2044:, to have a 2040: 2034: 2027: 2022: 2013: 2000: 1995: 1989: 1983: 1972: 1967: 1966: 1957: 1949: 1938: 1930: 1925: 1919: 1913: 1892: 1879: 1877:Panama Canal 1872: 1862: 1845: 1840: 1835: 1828:commissioned 1819: 1816:South Dakota 1815: 1809: 1806: 1801: 1788: 1786: 1780: 1774: 1764: 1756: 1752: 1744: 1731:minimum wage 1729:specified a 1716: 1675: 1672:Construction 1662: 1640: 1631: 1614:armored belt 1605: 1603: 1586: 1559: 1551: 1539: 1533:(3,960 1523: 1514: 1512: 1506: 1491: 1482: 1480: 1475: 1466: 1462: 1460: 1447:fire-control 1438: 1434: 1432: 1423: 1408: 1404: 1400: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1379: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1360: 1355: 1351: 1349: 1343: 1341: 1334: 1314: 1305: 1299: 1286: 1284: 1267: 1250: 1229: 1223:South Dakota 1222: 1217: 1215: 1212:Main battery 1182: 1178: 1177: 1171: 1155: 1148: 1142: 1140: 1134: 1132: 1108: 1095:27 km). 1030: 1022:Cordell Hull 1019: 1004: 999: 993: 985: 982: 973: 967: 962: 960: 944: 942: 935: 923: 919: 907: 896: 890: 875: 849: 846: 840: 823: 798: 787: 778:displacement 774:main battery 759: 753: 733: 731: 700: 690: 684: 678: 672: 668:8-8 standard 630:South Dakota 629: 619: 612: 598: 586: 581: 576: 572: 567: 558: 542: 538: 536: 524:main battery 517: 498: 488: 482: 471: 470: 468: 394:Bofors 40 mm 360:Sensors and 350:108 officers 220:Displacement 157:South Dakota 156: 140: 132:South Dakota 131: 97: 87: 70: 46:Bofors 40 mm 41: 29: 6433:H proposals 6383:Scharnhorst 6326:Constructed 6173:Repair dock 6041:Cargo ships 5786:Miantonomah 5342:Oregon City 5321:New Orleans 5307:Northampton 5181:Battleships 5135:Long Island 4803:". London: 4450:Battleships 4381:Battleships 4313:, 41 and 44 4298:Battleships 4178:Battleships 4167:, 35, 38–39 4012:Battleships 4001:, 52–53, 64 3986:Battleships 3922:DiGiulian, 3353:Battleships 3116:museum ship 2931:Puget Sound 2903:Southampton 2743:Bunker Hill 2737:, all four 2634:. However, 2608:driven back 2552:Hvalfjörður 2409:museum ship 2367:New England 2345:s crew and 2281:During the 2108:New Ireland 2099:Bunker Hill 1896:during the 1884:Pacific War 1666:fitting out 1594:gun turrets 1415:Electronics 1330:Bofors guns 1328:40 mm 1198:.50 caliber 1076:superfiring 1026:Joseph Grew 927:battle line 835:immune zone 656:keel laying 647:fiscal year 635:battleships 605:for scrap. 595:museum ship 125:Preceded by 6485:Categories 6218:Net laying 6163:Ammunition 5894:Submarines 5756:Minelayers 5510:Destroyers 5443:Sacramento 5349:Des Moines 5218:New Mexico 5163:Casablanca 4947:Washington 4785:Washington 4753:Washington 4742:Washington 4696:Washington 4526:References 4515:Friedman, 4502:Friedman, 4489:Friedman, 4476:Friedman, 4263:Washington 4150:Friedman, 4125:Friedman, 3953:Friedman, 3937:Friedman, 3844:Friedman, 3809:Washington 3779:Friedman, 3766:Friedman, 3753:Friedman, 3688:Friedman, 3675:Friedman, 3648:, 263, 265 3644:Friedman, 3631:Friedman, 3615:Friedman, 3602:Friedman, 3589:Friedman, 3576:Friedman, 3563:Friedman, 3550:Friedman, 3537:Friedman, 3524:Friedman, 3511:Friedman, 3498:Friedman, 3476:, 182, 243 3472:Friedman, 3459:Friedman, 3428:Friedman, 3319:Washington 3279:Friedman, 3250:Washington 3128:Washington 3070:Laid down 3058:Ship name 2958:Washington 2942:Washington 2927:Washington 2908:Washington 2899:Washington 2887:Washington 2864:Washington 2860:TF 58 2856:Washington 2844:Washington 2838:Washington 2830:Washington 2823:Washington 2815:Washington 2811:Washington 2796:Washington 2776:Washington 2757:Washington 2723:Washington 2703:Enterprise 2691:Washington 2679:Washington 2663:Washington 2655:Kirishima' 2651:Washington 2644:Washington 2636:Washington 2612:Washington 2603:Washington 2590:Washington 2579:Washington 2556:Washington 2544:Washington 2531:Washington 2525:Scapa Flow 2515:Home Fleet 2510:Tuscaloosa 2495:Washington 2487:Washington 2475:Washington 2463:Washington 2456:Washington 2447:Washington 2432:Washington 2413:Wilmington 2371:midshipman 2246:Indo-China 2234:destroyers 2224:, and the 2179:Enterprise 2078:Enterprise 2065:Enterprise 1993:, one hit 1939:Enterprise 1893:Enterprise 1886:. Joining 1836:Washington 1757:Washington 1587:Washington 1498:Propulsion 1492:Washington 1476:Washington 1439:Washington 1424:Washington 1409:Washington 1401:Washington 1389:Washington 1380:Washington 1376:Washington 1368:Washington 1356:Washington 1183:Washington 1092:"standard" 609:Background 599:Washington 577:Washington 559:Washington 543:Washington 489:Washington 301:Propulsion 173:In service 98:Washington 6376:Richelieu 6341:Dunkerque 6280:Cancelled 6102:Aldebaran 6067:Andromeda 6031:T3 tanker 6026:T2 tanker 6021:T1 tanker 5918:Barracuda 5883:Admirable 5814:Weehawken 5779:Monadnock 5713:Asheville 5450:Asheville 5411:Worcester 5390:Cleveland 5335:Baltimore 5300:Pensacola 5225:Tennessee 5053:Lexington 4866:0043-0374 4835:963371075 4699:" in the 4657:" in the 4638:0043-0374 4615:0040-165X 4506:, 397–398 4448:Whitley, 4379:Whitley, 4296:Whitley, 4265:" in the 4180:, 293–294 4176:Whitley, 4129:, 274–275 4110:" in the 4010:Whitley, 3984:Whitley, 3941:, 276–277 3902:Campbell 3889:Campbell 3857:Campbell 3757:, 244–245 3692:, 262–263 3679:, 265–269 3593:, 254–255 3567:, 251–252 3541:, 246–250 3463:, 181–182 3351:Whitley, 3248:entry on 3206:Cape Horn 3073:Launched 2973:3-inch/50 2834:false bow 2753:Christmas 2659:Kirishima 2640:Kirishima 2627:Kirishima 2454:USS 2395:from the 2330:HMS 2325:Wisconsin 2291:kamikazes 2167:Hollandia 2145:(twice), 2135:Kwajalein 2131:ComBatPac 2076:escorted 2009:waterline 1854:nicknamed 1808:USS 1635:barbettes 1565:450 1562:kilowatts 1347:the war. 1310:5-inch/25 1295:ship type 1068:catapults 841:Dunkerque 696:Number 13 627:and five 620:Lexington 603:broken up 568:Kirishima 422:Barbettes 353:1,772 men 337:Endurance 328:1941: 28 227:long tons 197:Preserved 181:Completed 176:1941–1947 168:1937–1941 136:(planned) 107:Operators 6414:Designed 6397:Vanguard 6362:Littorio 6334:Bismarck 6208:Hospital 6178:Barracks 6130:Denebola 6074:Arcturus 5981:Mackerel 5953:Porpoise 5946:Cachalot 5925:Argonaut 5821:Camanche 5686:Rudderow 5617:Fletcher 5547:Farragut 5526:Caldwell 5457:Plymouth 5427:Gunboats 5376:Brooklyn 5314:Portland 5232:Colorado 5197:New York 5156:Sangamon 5067:Yorktown 4974:(actual) 4970:Colorado 4755:and USS 4688:40834665 4623:38122975 4569:12214729 3893:, p. 117 3268:Endnotes 3067:Builder 3049:List of 2967:for the 2912:scrapped 2895:Missouri 2748:Monterey 2473:, which 2417:memorial 2319:Missouri 2210:overhaul 2183:Marianas 2123:flagship 2113:Joining 2069:Saratoga 2041:Kentucky 2035:Illinois 1973:Saratoga 1935:strafing 1880:en route 1863:After a 1858:Showboat 1824:launched 1794:slipways 1719:New Deal 1638:plates. 1598:barbette 1519:turbines 1230:Colorado 1162:Armament 933:groups. 862:Admiral 526:of nine 389:(10 × 2) 373:Armament 365:See the 145:(actual) 141:Colorado 78:Builders 6446:Montana 6183:Collier 6116:Acubens 6095:Alstede 6088:Tolland 6081:Artemis 6060:Haskell 6054:Victory 6049:Liberty 6013:Tankers 5939:Dolphin 5932:Narwhal 5848:Lapwing 5746:PT boat 5665:Buckley 5638:Gearing 5610:Gleaves 5568:Gridley 5540:Clemson 5519:Sampson 5436:Dubuque 5383:Atlanta 5328:Wichita 5260:Montana 5190:Wyoming 5142:Charger 4874:1647131 4854:Montana 4794:Primary 4757:Indiana 4646:1647131 4607:3107127 4592:2414211 4396:, 45–46 4235:, 40–41 4209:, 39–40 4040:, 54–55 4027:, 53–54 3799:, 62–56 3202:Panamax 2891:V-J Day 2872:Peleliu 2819:Indiana 2806:Indiana 2801:Indiana 2790:Before 2784:Indiana 2671:Ayanami 2504:Wichita 2313:Alabama 2250:Ryukyus 2242:Formosa 2226:Visayas 2191:Tanapag 2104:Kavieng 2090:Abemama 2018:shoring 2005:warhead 1996:O'Brien 1926:Zuikaku 1920:Shōkaku 1882:to the 1867:in the 1841:Atlanta 1781:Prairie 1709:⁄ 1654:Service 1592:s main 1585:One of 1547:rudders 1338:in 1945 1332:aboard 1257:rifling 1190:caliber 1149:Montana 1072:bombers 766:turrets 582:Indiana 503:have a 428:Turrets 382:(3 × 3) 282:boilers 266:maximum 255:maximum 244:overall 225:36,600 189:Retired 6470:K-1000 6422:Alsace 6404:Yamato 6238:Repair 6228:Reefer 6137:Hyades 6123:Arctic 5974:Tambor 5960:Salmon 5800:Keokuk 5793:Terror 5772:Wassuc 5765:Oglala 5740:Action 5720:Tacoma 5679:Edsall 5672:Cannon 5658:Evarts 5603:Benson 5589:Benham 5582:Somers 5575:Bagley 5554:Porter 5533:Wickes 5417:CL-154 5404:Juneau 5280:Alaska 5204:Nevada 5115:Saipan 5088:Midway 5060:Ranger 4984:(1939) 4872: 4864: 4833: 4825: 4686: 4678: 4644: 4636: 4621: 4613: 4605: 4590: 4582: 4567: 4559: 4544: 3489:, 3, 6 3355:, 293. 3224:frames 3133:BB-56 3094:BB-55 2983:s and 2883:Kyūshū 2876:Angaur 2520:Wilson 2485:chose 2443:launch 2393:struck 2363:Boston 2347:Marine 2254:Honshu 2175:Ponape 2165:, and 2163:Woleai 2151:Tinian 2147:Saipan 2086:Tarawa 1963:s hull 1902:Tulagi 1761:Camden 1721:. The 1624:. The 1569:on an 1543:screws 1335:Hornet 1151:-class 814:floats 770:bridge 740:Design 673:Nagato 632:-class 622:-class 597:, and 317:screws 239:Length 116: 54:radars 6233:Oiler 6198:Depot 6144:Mizar 6109:Adria 6002:Tench 5995:Balao 5967:Sargo 5869:Eagle 5855:Raven 5828:Chimo 5807:Salem 5561:Mahan 5499:PGM-9 5492:PGM-1 5478:Vixen 5397:Fargo 5369:Omaha 5149:Bogue 5081:Essex 4982:class 4972:class 4965:class 4603:JSTOR 4519:, 401 4493:, 397 4452:, 297 4383:, 296 4346:(PDF) 4300:, 295 4014:, 290 3988:, 291 3957:, 277 3819:' 3812:' 3783:, 258 3770:, 250 3635:, 263 3580:, 252 3528:, 248 3515:, 244 3502:, 243 3432:, 276 3283:, 242 3160:Notes 3082:Fate 3061:Hull 3018:' 2897:, so 2826:' 2817:gave 2779:' 2765:Taroa 2727:Makin 2708:Essex 2695:Efate 2666:' 2647:' 2573:King 2343:' 2222:Luzon 2218:Leyte 2159:Palau 2139:Namur 2094:Nauru 2082:Makin 1977:' 1961:' 1954:' 1914:Ryūjō 1856:"The 1775:Dixie 1590:' 1577:Armor 1567:volts 1527:' 1443:radar 1433:Both 1427:' 1245:train 1225:class 1174:class 994:could 990:keels 882:Final 876:Kongō 852:class 850:Kongō 762:class 745:Early 685:Amagi 593:as a 537:Both 474:class 434:Decks 410:Armor 385:20 × 330:knots 325:Speed 261:Draft 165:Built 159:class 143:class 134:class 6463:Hoax 6439:Lion 6348:Iowa 5988:Gato 5876:Hawk 5596:Sims 5485:Erie 5253:Iowa 5074:Wasp 4870:OCLC 4862:ISSN 4852:and 4850:Iowa 4831:OCLC 4823:ISBN 4684:OCLC 4676:ISBN 4642:OCLC 4634:ISSN 4619:OCLC 4611:ISSN 4588:OCLC 4580:ISBN 4565:OCLC 4557:ISBN 4542:ISBN 4439:, 47 4412:, 46 4358:2015 4284:, 41 4222:, 40 4196:, 39 4080:, 35 3970:, 56 3835:, 60 3450:, 63 3412:, 66 3399:, 65 3375:, 64 3337:, 62 3022:Iowa 3015:Iowa 3007:Iowa 2956:and 2940:and 2874:and 2792:dawn 2745:and 2711:and 2499:Wasp 2441:The 2379:was 2328:and 2252:and 2155:Guam 2143:Truk 2106:and 2088:and 2067:and 2038:and 2028:Iowa 1990:Wasp 1984:I-19 1950:I-19 1923:and 1900:and 1822:was 1778:and 1755:and 1696:and 1688:and 1604:The 1456:CXAM 1437:and 1366:and 1285:The 1255:and 1253:bore 1204:and 1181:and 1156:Iowa 1141:The 1133:The 858:and 831:deck 827:belt 802:fore 694:and 679:Tosa 601:was 541:and 486:and 469:The 416:Belt 378:9 × 345:Crew 315:4 × 277:8 × 250:Beam 67:Name 48:and 5862:Auk 4771:." 4708:Web 3063:no. 2445:of 2383:in 1860:". 1648:TNT 1535:kPa 1531:psi 1013:'s 968:and 911:shp 806:aft 691:Kii 396:or 288:shp 6487:: 4868:. 4848:, 4844:, 4829:. 4775:, 4682:. 4663:. 4640:. 4617:. 4609:. 4586:. 4563:. 4457:^ 4426:^ 4401:^ 4348:. 4289:^ 4273:^ 4240:^ 4185:^ 4118:^ 4085:^ 4069:^ 4057:^ 4045:^ 3975:^ 3946:^ 3930:^ 3911:^ 3878:^ 3866:^ 3788:^ 3697:^ 3624:^ 3437:^ 3417:^ 3380:^ 3360:^ 3342:^ 3326:^ 3306:^ 3288:^ 2914:. 2759:, 2755:, 2705:, 2614:, 2542:, 2507:, 2501:, 2322:, 2316:, 2285:, 2244:, 2236:, 2220:, 2193:. 2161:, 2157:, 2153:, 2149:, 2141:, 2137:, 2110:. 2084:, 2059:, 2032:, 1937:. 1784:. 1684:, 1678:$ 1573:. 1549:. 1487:SP 1471:SK 1208:. 1196:, 915:kW 688:, 682:, 676:, 534:. 509:LT 480:, 292:kW 6313:e 6306:t 6299:v 6277:X 6271:S 6265:C 5912:S 5907:R 5902:O 5030:e 5023:t 5016:v 4917:e 4910:t 4903:v 4876:. 4837:. 4799:" 4782:" 4764:" 4749:" 4744:) 4733:) 4693:" 4690:. 4651:" 4648:. 4625:. 4594:. 4571:. 4548:. 4360:. 4261:" 4106:" 3317:" 3297:" 1711:2 1707:1 1704:+ 1702:3 513:t 294:) 200:1 192:2 184:2 100:) 96:( 90:) 86:( 20:)

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