894:
102:
Nitisols are technically defined by a significant accumulation of clay (30 percent or more by mass and extending as much as 150 cm below the surface) and by a blocky aggregate structure. Iron oxides and high-water content are believed to play important roles in creating the soil structure. Nitisols
17:
188:
103:
are also strongly influenced by biological activity, resulting in a homogenization of the upper portion of the soil profile. These soils are related to the
43:
or a blocky structure, breaking into a polyhedral or a flat-edged structure. The soil aggregates show pressure faces. Nitisols correlate with the
246:
IUSS Working Group WRB: World
Reference Base for Soil Resources, fourth edition. International Union of Soil Sciences, Vienna 2022.
328:
28:
605:
265:
251:
311:
195:
589:
594:
116:
67:
These soils are found in the tropics and subtropics; there are extensive areas of them in the tropical highlands of
76:
599:
610:
44:
630:
615:
260:
W. Zech, P. Schad, G. Hintermaier-Erhard: Soils of the World. Springer, Berlin 2022, Chapter 9.3.2.
119:
soil groups originating in tropical climates and also containing layers with clay accumulations are
625:
620:
583:
304:
255:
921:
897:
283:
751:
8:
320:
145:
871:
504:
297:
60:
916:
786:
261:
247:
166:
791:
220:"Nitisol | Soil Classification, Clay Content & Nutrient Retention | Britannica"
856:
841:
701:
831:
776:
40:
910:
876:
761:
219:
112:
861:
806:
83:. Nitisols form from fine-textured material weathered from intermediate to
36:
866:
846:
766:
746:
726:
716:
711:
277:
135:
55:
851:
801:
756:
741:
706:
676:
542:
449:
414:
389:
108:
96:
92:
84:
289:
836:
781:
721:
484:
479:
469:
404:
374:
354:
88:
821:
736:
691:
567:
547:
537:
522:
494:
489:
474:
444:
439:
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409:
394:
379:
369:
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189:"Major Soils of the World. ISRIC Wageningen, The Netherlands, 2001"
140:
80:
68:
51:
47:
771:
731:
696:
686:
681:
671:
666:
562:
532:
527:
517:
512:
464:
459:
429:
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399:
384:
349:
344:
339:
124:
120:
104:
881:
816:
557:
552:
454:
796:
72:
826:
661:
656:
651:
646:
32:
167:"Mineral Soils conditioned by a Wet (Sub)Tropical Climate"
16:
811:
908:
305:
312:
298:
39:content of at least 30% and a polyhedral
164:
15:
319:
29:World Reference Base for Soil Resources
909:
606:Canadian system of soil classification
293:
284:profile photos (with classification)
278:profile photos (with classification)
31:(WRB), is a deep, red, well-drained
13:
590:Unified Soil Classification System
240:
181:
14:
933:
595:AASHTO Soil Classification System
271:
893:
892:
99:dominate their clay mineralogy.
77:Democratic Republic of the Congo
611:Australian Soil Classification
602:(French classification system)
212:
158:
1:
151:
7:
631:List of vineyard soil types
129:
10:
938:
616:Polish Soil Classification
890:
640:Non-systematic soil types
639:
576:
503:
327:
115:. Soil Taxonomy. Related
626:List of U.S. state soils
20:Distribution of nitisols
621:1938 USDA soil taxonomy
600:Référentiel pédologique
584:FAO soil classification
165:Delvaux, B.; Brahy, V.
21:
19:
752:Calcareous grassland
329:World Reference Base
321:Soil classification
286:IUSS World of Soils
146:Soil classification
505:USDA soil taxonomy
331:for Soil Resources
224:www.britannica.com
61:USDA soil taxonomy
22:
904:
903:
266:978-3-540-30460-9
252:979-8-9862451-1-9
85:basic parent rock
929:
896:
895:
792:Hydrophobic soil
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234:
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194:. Archived from
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937:
936:
932:
931:
930:
928:
927:
926:
907:
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905:
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886:
857:Subaqueous soil
842:Serpentine soil
702:Parent material
635:
572:
499:
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318:
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241:Further reading
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5:
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869:
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839:
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832:Prime farmland
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
787:Fuller's earth
784:
779:
777:Expansive clay
774:
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272:External links
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111:orders of the
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
934:
923:
922:Types of soil
920:
918:
915:
914:
912:
899:
898:Types of soil
889:
883:
880:
878:
877:Tropical peat
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
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763:
762:Dry quicksand
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612:
609:
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582:
581:
579:
577:Other systems
575:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
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554:
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541:
539:
536:
534:
531:
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526:
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519:
516:
514:
511:
510:
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506:
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493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
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478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
426:
423:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
391:
388:
386:
383:
381:
378:
376:
373:
371:
368:
366:
363:
361:
358:
356:
353:
351:
348:
346:
343:
341:
338:
337:
335:
332:
326:
322:
315:
310:
308:
303:
301:
296:
295:
292:
285:
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279:
276:
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249:
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225:
221:
215:
201:on 2016-03-04
197:
190:
184:
168:
161:
157:
147:
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142:
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134:
133:
127:
126:
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98:
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65:
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62:
57:
53:
49:
46:
42:
38:
34:
30:
26:
18:
807:Martian soil
434:
280:WRB homepage
227:. Retrieved
223:
214:
203:. Retrieved
196:the original
183:
171:. Retrieved
160:
101:
66:
59:
24:
23:
872:Terra rossa
867:Terra preta
847:Spodic soil
767:Duplex soil
747:Brown earth
727:Alkali soil
717:Rhizosphere
712:Laimosphere
586:(1974–1998)
543:Inceptisols
450:Plinthosols
415:Kastanozems
136:Pedogenesis
97:iron oxides
56:inceptisols
911:Categories
852:Stagnogley
802:Lunar soil
757:Dark earth
742:Brickearth
707:Pedosphere
677:Soil crust
485:Technosols
470:Solonchaks
390:Ferralsols
355:Anthrosols
229:2023-09-10
205:2014-06-14
152:References
109:Inceptisol
93:halloysite
837:Quicksand
782:Fill dirt
722:Bulk soil
568:Vertisols
558:Spodosols
548:Mollisols
538:Histosols
523:Aridisols
495:Vertisols
490:Umbrisols
480:Stagnosol
445:Planosols
440:Phaeozems
420:Leptosols
405:Gypsisols
395:Fluvisols
375:Chernozem
370:Cambisols
365:Calcisols
360:Arenosols
125:Lixisols.
89:kaolinite
41:structure
27:, in the
917:Pedology
822:Paleosol
737:Blue goo
692:Gypcrust
563:Ultisols
533:Gelisols
528:Entisols
518:Andisols
513:Alfisols
475:Solonetz
465:Retisols
460:Regosols
435:Nitisols
430:Luvisols
425:Lixisols
410:Histosol
400:Gleysols
385:Durisols
380:Cryosols
350:Andosols
340:Acrisols
141:Pedology
130:See also
121:Acrisols
81:Cameroon
69:Ethiopia
52:ultisols
48:alfisols
772:Eluvium
732:Bay mud
697:Caliche
687:Hardpan
682:Claypan
672:Subsoil
667:Topsoil
553:Oxisols
455:Podzols
345:Alisols
333:(1998–)
173:14 June
105:Alfisol
35:with a
25:Nitisol
882:Yedoma
817:Muskeg
264:
250:
58:of the
45:kandic
862:Takir
797:Loess
199:(PDF)
192:(PDF)
169:. FAO
73:Kenya
827:Peat
662:Loam
657:Clay
652:Silt
647:Sand
262:ISBN
248:ISBN
175:2014
123:and
107:and
95:and
87:and
79:and
54:and
37:clay
33:soil
812:Mud
117:FAO
113:U.S
913::
257:).
222:.
91:,
75:,
71:,
50:,
313:e
306:t
299:v
254:(
232:.
208:.
177:.
63:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
