Nikki Giovanni - Knowledge

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poetic circles. After the birth of her son in 1969, Giovanni recorded several of her poems with a musical backdrop of jazz and gospel. She began to travel all around the world and speak and read to a wider audience. Even though Giovanni's earlier works were known to carry a militant, revolutionary tone, Giovanni communicated "a global sense of solidarity amongst oppressed peoples in the world" in her travels. It is in this sense of human unity in which Giovanni aligns herself with the beliefs of Martin Luther King Jr. Like King, Giovanni believes a unified, collective government must be made up of the everyday, ordinary citizen, regardless of race, ethnicity, or gender. In the 1970s and '80s her popularity as a speaker increased even more. In 1972 Giovanni interviewed Muhammad Ali on

652:, the two authors speak openly and frankly about the status of the black male in the household. Baldwin challenges Giovanni's opinion on the representation of black women as the "breadwinners" in the household. Baldwin states: "A man is not a woman. And whether he's wrong or right... Look, if we're living in the same house and you're my wife or my woman, I have to be responsible for that house." Conversely, Giovanni recognizes the black man's strength, whether or not he is "responsible" for the home or economically advantaged. The interview makes it clear that regardless of who is "responsible" for the home, the black woman and the black man should be dependent on one another. In a 1972 33: 785:. This collection includes poems that pay homage to the greatest influences on her life who have passed away, including close friend Maya Angelou who died in 2014. Giovanni often reads from her books. In one reading she shares her poem "I Married My Mother". In 2017, Giovanni presented at a TEDx event. Here she read the poem "My Sister and Me". She called herself and her sister "two little chocolate girls". After reading the poems she states, "Sometimes you write a poem because damnit, you want to." 723:(2013), Giovanni describes falling off of a bike and her mother saying, "Come here, Nikki and I will pick you up." She has explained that it was comforting to hear her mother say this, and that "it took me the longest to realize – no, she made me get up myself." Chasing Utopia continues as a hybrid (poetry and prose) work about food as a metaphor and as a connection to the memory of her mother, sister, and grandmother. The theme of the work is love relationships. 611:. She has since written more than two dozen books, including volumes of poetry, illustrated children's books, and three collections of essays. Her work is said to speak to all ages, and she strives to make her work easily accessible and understood by both adults and children. Her writing, heavily inspired by African-American activists and artists, also reflects the influences of issues of race, gender, sexuality, and the African-American family. Her book 3374: 555: 427: 600:(1970), Giovanni discusses gender and objectification. She writes, "Woman doing what a woman/Does when she's natural/I would have a revolution" (lines 14–16). Another example of a poem that encourages sexual equality is "Woman Poem" (1968). In "Woman Poem", Giovanni shows that the Black Arts Movement and racial pride were not as liberating for women as they were for men (Virginia Fowler, Introduction to the 716:. Both works touch on the deaths of her mother, her sister, and those massacred on the Virginia Tech campus. "Tragedy and trauma are the wheels" of the bicycle. The first poem ("Blacksburg Under Siege: 21 August 2006") and the last poem ("We Are Virginia Tech") reflect this. Giovanni chose the title of the collection as a metaphor for love itself, "because love requires trust and balance." 3388: 154:(born June 7, 1943) is an American poet, writer, commentator, activist, and educator. One of the world's most well-known African-American poets, her work includes poetry anthologies, poetry recordings, and nonfiction essays, and covers topics ranging from race and social issues to children's literature. She has won numerous awards, including the 660:. In the excerpt from that essay, Giovanni intones, "we are born men and women...we need some happiness in our lives, some hope, some love...I really like to think a black, beautiful loving world is possible." Such themes appeared throughout her early poetry which focused on race and gender dynamics in the black community. 3559: 640:

of the black family as a tragedy and that "Nikki-Rosa" demonstrates the experiences that she witnessed in her communities. For example, Giovanni writes about her happy childhood as: "Black love is Black wealth and they'll/probably talk about my hard childhood/and never understand that/all the while I

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Giovanni's poetry reaches more readership through her active engagement with live audiences. She gave her first public reading at the New York City jazz spot, Birdland. Her public expression of "oppression, anger, and solidarity" as well as her political activism allow her to reach more than just the

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speech at the April 17 memorial service for the shooting victims (she was asked by Steger at 5:00 pm on the day of the shootings, giving her less than 24 hours to prepare the speech). She expressed that she usually feels very comfortable delivering speeches, but worried that her emotion would get the

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After the birth of her son, Giovanni was accused of setting a bad example because there were not many single moms at that time. Giovanni noted that the birth of her son helped her to realize that children have different interests and require different content than adults. This realization lead her to

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Not only did Giovanni write about racial equality, but she also advocated for gender equality, as well. In fact, Odon states that "Giovanni's realignment of female identity with sexuality is crucial to the burgeoning feminist movement within the black community." In the poem, "Revolutionary Dreams"

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We know we did nothing to deserve it. But neither does a child in Africa dying of AIDS. Neither do the invisible children walking the night awake to avoid being captured by a rogue army. Neither does the baby elephant watching his community being devastated for ivory. Neither does the Mexican child

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She thought that ending with a thrice-repeated "We will prevail" would be anticlimactic, and she wanted to connect back with the beginning, for balance. So, shortly before going onstage, she added a closing: "We are Virginia Tech." Her performance produced a sense of unity and received a 54-second

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on April 16, 2007, was a student in one of Giovanni's poetry classes. Describing him as "mean" and "menacing", she approached the department chair to have Cho taken out of her class, and said she was willing to resign rather than continue teaching him. Cho was removed from her class in 2005. After

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Giovanni is often interviewed regarding themes pertaining to her poetry such as gender and race. In an interview entitled "I am Black, Female, Polite", Peter Bailey questions her regarding the role of gender and race in the poetry she writes. Bailey specifically addresses the critically acclaimed

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cites Giovanni as a woman poet who became a significant part of the Civil Rights and Black Power Movement. Giovanni is commonly praised as one of the best African-American poets emerging from the 1960s Black Power and Black Arts Movements. Her early poems that were collected in the late 1960s and

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Her speech also sought to express the idea that really terrible things happen to good people: "I would call it, in terms of writing, in terms of poetry, it's a laundry list. Because all you're doing is: This is who we are, and this is what we think, and this is what we feel, and this is why - you

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describes Giovanni as "epitomizing the defiant, unapologetically political, unabashedly Afrocentric, BAM ethos". Her work is described as conveying "urgency in expressing the need for Black awareness, unity, solidarity." Likewise, Giovanni's early work has been considered to be "polemic" and

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of the period, her early work provides a strong, militant African-American perspective, leading one writer to dub her the "Poet of the Black Revolution". During the 1970s, she began writing children's literature, and co-founded a publishing company, NikTom Ltd, to provide an outlet for other

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drug store and helped care for her nephew, Christopher. In 1964, Giovanni spoke with the new Dean of Women at Fisk University, Blanche McConnell Cowan, who urged her to return to Fisk that fall. While at Fisk, Giovanni edited a student literary journal (titled

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African-American women writers. Over subsequent decades, her works discussed social issues, human relationships, and hip hop. Poems such as "Knoxville, Tennessee" and "Nikki-Rosa" have been frequently re-published in anthologies and other collections.

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Giovanni was part of the 2016 Writer's Symposium by the Sea at Loma Nazarene University. The University of California Television (UCTV) published the readings of Giovanni at the symposium. In October 2017 Giovanni published her newest collection,

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She immediately clashed with the then-Dean of Women and was expelled after neglecting to obtain the required permission from the Dean to leave campus and travel home for Thanksgiving break. Giovanni moved back to Knoxville, where she worked at a

701:. The work is a celebration of love and recollection directed at friends and loved ones, and it recalls memories of nature, theater, and the glories of children. However, Giovanni's fiery persona still remains a constant undercurrent in 380:. (In addition to being a "regular" on the show, Giovanni for several years helped design and produce episodes.) She published multiple poetry anthologies, children's books, and released spoken word albums from 1973 to 1987. 596:"incendiary". Examples of poems in which she vehemently advocated for change include "The True Import of Present Dialogue Black vs. Negro" (1968), "Poem for Black Boys" (1968) and "A Litany for Peppe" (1970). 457:, along with being the first person to receive the Rosa L. Parks Women of Courage Award. She was awarded the Presidential Medal of Honor from Dillard University in 2010. In 2015, Giovanni was named one of the 641:

was quite happy" (lines 30–33). Specifically, the poem deals with black folk culture and touches on such gender, race, and social issues as alcoholism and domestic violence and not having an indoor bathroom.

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know?... I just wanted to admit, you know, that we didn't deserve this, and nobody does. And so I wanted to link our tragedy, in every sense, you know - we're no different from anything else that has ...."

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poem "Nikki-Rosa," and questions whether it is reflective of the poet's own childhood and her experiences in her community. In the interview, Giovanni stresses that she did not like constantly reading the

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Giovanni has received numerous awards and holds 27 honorary degrees from various colleges and universities. She has also been given the key to over two dozen cities. Giovanni has been honored with the

604:). In "Woman Poem", Giovanni describes how pretty women become sex objects "and no love/or love and no sex if you're fat/get back fat black woman be a mother/grandmother strong thing but not woman." 705:, as some of the most serious verse links her own life struggles (being a black woman and a cancer survivor) to the wider frame of African-American history and the continual fight for equality. 3989: 773:. The poem, entitled "Roll Call: A Song of Celebration", ends with the following enthusiastic, optimistic three lines: "Yes We Can/Yes We Can/Yes We Can". Giovanni read poetry at the 299:

Soon after graduation, she suffered the loss of her grandmother, Louvenia Watson, and turned to writing to cope with the death. These poems would later be included in her collection

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best of her. On April 17, 2007, at the Virginia Tech Convocation commemorating the April 16 massacre, Giovanni closed the ceremony with a chant poem, intoning:

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early 1970s are seen as radical as and more militant than her later work. Her poetry is described as being "politically, spiritually, and socially aware".

4035: 2187: 1886: 1856: 738:. This was a collection of poems that she read against the backdrop of gospel music.(29) She also featured on the track "Ego Trip by Nikki Giovanni" on 32: 4829: 3831: 675:: "What's the difference between dragging a black man behind a truck in Jasper, Texas, and beating a white boy to death in Wyoming because he's gay?" 607:

Giovanni herself takes great pride in being a "Black American, a daughter, mother, and a Professor of English". Giovanni is also known for her use of

331:. She was an active member of the Black Arts Movement beginning in the late 1960s. In 1969, she gave birth to Thomas Watson Giovanni, her only child. 4785: 4780: 1993: 4583: 3598: 4527: 1852: 1707: 644:

Giovanni's poetry in the late 1960s and early 1970s addressed black womanhood and black manhood among other themes. In a book she co-wrote with

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From 1987 to 2022, she taught writing and literature at Virginia Tech, where she was a University Distinguished Professor. She has received the

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interview with Mohammed Ali, Giovanni uses her popularity as a speaker to a broader audience to read some of her essay "Gemini" from her book

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American Book Award honoring outstanding literary achievement from the diverse spectrum of the American literary community (2008)

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Marching to the Mountaintop: How Poverty, Labor Fights, and Civil Rights Set the Stage for Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Final Hours

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Dear Miss Breed: True Stories of the Japanese-American Incarceration During World War II and a Librarian Who Made a Difference

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National Literary Hall of Fame for Writers of African Descent, the Gwendolyn Brooks Center of Chicago State University (1998)

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the massacre, Giovanni stated that, upon hearing of the shooting, she immediately suspected that Cho might be the shooter.

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Award for Distinguished Contributions to Arts and Letters. She also holds the key to several different cities, including

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The chant of the women of Magdalena and the Magdalena poems, with author's preface, Tradition and poetic memory

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Mountain Chef: How One Man Lost His Groceries, Changed His Plans, and Helped Cook Up the National Park Service

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Gemini : an extended autobiographical statement on my first twenty-five years of being a Black poet

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on gender questions in the Movement. In 1967, she graduated with honors with a B.A. degree in history.

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Contributor's Arts Award, The Gwendolyn Brooks Center for Black Literature and Creative Writing (1996)

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Baldwin, James and Nikki Giovanni. "Excerpt from a Dialogue". Nikki Giovanni and Virginia C. Fowler,

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Keys to more than two dozen American cities, including New York, Miami, Los Angeles, and New Orleans

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Black and White: The Confrontation between Reverend Fred L. Shuttlesworth and Eugene "Bull" Connors

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The Girl from the Tar Paper School: Barbara Rose Johns and the Advent of the Civil Rights Movement

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Gemini: An Extended Autobiographical Statement on My First Twenty-five Years of Being a Black Poet

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Grand mothers : poems, reminiscences, and short stories about the keepers of our traditions

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Giovanni tours nationwide and frequently speaks out against hate-motivated violence. At a 1999

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standing ovation from the over-capacity audience in Cassell Coliseum, including then-President

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National Association of Radio and Television Announcers Award for Best Spoken Word Album, for

253:, to Yolande Cornelia Sr. and Jones "Gus" Giovanni. Soon after her birth, the family moved to 4379: 4318: 4226: 3999: 3928: 3739: 2699: 2074: 765: 563: 308: 230: 186: 155: 2188:"Utopian Movements: Nikki Giovanni and the Convocation Following the Virginia Tech Massacre" 493: 5757: 5645: 5313: 4879:

Make a Joyful Noise Unto the Lord: The Life of Mahalia Jackson, Queen of the Gospel Singers

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Grand Mothers: Poems, Reminiscences, and Short Stories about the Keepers of Our Traditions

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American Influences Wikispaces.com. Welcome to Crestwood's Honors English 9 Wiki Project!

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Black Writers of PA: In Pursuit of Social Justice, Recognizing Pennsylvania Black Artists

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Shimmy Shimmy Shimmy Like My Sister Kate: Looking at the Harlem Renaissance through Poems

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Red Bird Sings: The Story of Zitkala-Ša, Native American Author, Musician, and Activist

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several times, received 20 honorary doctorates and various other awards, including the

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The Youngest Marcher—The Story of Audrey Faye Hendricks, a Young Civil Rights Activist

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The Voice that Challenged a Nation: Marian Anderson and the Struggle for Equal Rights

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The "Mississippi Burning" Civil Rights Murder Conspiracy Trial: a Headline Court Case

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Giovanni gained initial fame in the late 1960s as one of the foremost authors of the

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Don't Throw Away Your Stick Till You Cross the River: The Journey of an Ordinary Man

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Bailey, Peter. "I am Black, Female, Polite". Nikki Giovanni and Virginia C. Fowler,

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Renegade Poetics: Black Aesthetics and Formal Innovation in African- American Poetry

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Black Ink: Literary Legends on the Peril, Power, and Pleasure of Reading and Writing

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The Langston Hughes Award for Distinguished Contributions to Arts and Letters (1996)

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as a part of the bi-centennial celebration of Lincoln's birth on February 12, 2009.

681:(1983) acknowledged black figures. Giovanni collected her essays in the 1988 volume 5357: 5341: 5260: 5183: 4904: 4609: 4532: 4247: 4050: 4045: 4025: 3948: 3785: 3724: 3698: 3393: 2253:"The Poetry of Three Revolutionists: Don L. Lee, Sonia Sanchez, and Nikki Giovanni" 1883:"End of a poetic era: Nikki Giovanni retires as English professor at Virginia Tech" 1435: 774: 757: 254: 201:

seven times. One of her more unique honors was having a South America bat species,

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Artist-in-Residence. The Philadelphia Clef Club of Jazz and Performing Arts (1996)

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A poetic equation : conversations between Nikki Giovanni and Margaret Walker

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about the need for African Americans to pursue space travel, and later published

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Separate Is Never Equal: Sylvia Mendez and Her Family's Fight for Desegregation

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Cesar Chavez: The Struggle for Justice / Cesar Chavez: La lucha por la justicia

5225: 5212: 5093: 4936: 4665: 4614: 4410: 4364: 4298: 4293: 4221: 4152: 4086: 4040: 3734: 3678: 3668: 3653: 3574:"Interview: 'At 80, I still have a lot of anger': American poet Nikki Giovanni" 3506: 2944: 1005: 995:

The Rosa Parks Women of Courage Award, first recipient (2001 and again in 2002)

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Passenger on the Pearl: The True Story of Emily Edmonson's Flight from Slavery

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Denied, Detained, Deported: Stories From the Dark Side of American Immigration

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Heav'nly Tidings From the Afric Muse: The Grace and Genius of Phillis Wheatley

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Inducted into The Literary Hall of Fame for Writers of African Descent (1999)

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radio interview, March 19, 1981, at American Archive of Public Broadcasting.

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Martin Luther King Jr. Award for Dedication and Commitment to Service (2009)

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in 2007, she delivered a chant-poem at a memorial for the shooting victims.

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A Poetic Equation: Conversations between Nikki Giovanni and Margaret Walker

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State Historical markers in Knoxville, Tennessee, and Lincoln Heights, Ohio

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America Border Culture Dreamer: The Young Immigrant Experience From A to Z

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The Legacy Award, National Alumni Council United Negro College Fund (2007)

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The Cecil H. and Ida Green Honors Chair, Texas Christian University (1991)

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where her parents worked at Glenview School. In 1948, the family moved to

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Coming Home: A Story of Josh Gibson, Baseball's Greatest Home Run Hitter

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American Library Association's Black Caucus Award for Non-fiction (2003)

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Life Membership & Scroll, The National Council of Negro Women (1973)

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In 1970, she began making regular appearances on the television program

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Distinguished Visiting Professor, Johnson & Wales University (1998)

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and the naming was given "in recognition of her poetry and writings".

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The Port Chicago 50: Disaster, Mutiny, and the Fight for Civil Rights

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Stolen into Slavery the True Story of Solomon Northup, Free Black Man

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Native American Testimony: An Anthology of Indian and White Relations

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Night Comes Softly: An Anthology of Black Female Voices, Medic Press

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looking for fresh water....We are Virginia Tech.... We will prevail.

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Poet-In-Residence, Walt Whitman Birthplace Association Award (2005)

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roots and works to change the way the world views Appalachians and

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Infinite Hope: A Black Artist's Journey from World War II to Peace

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Infinite Hope: A Black Artist's Journey from World War II to Peace

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An Unspeakable Crime: The Prosecution and Persecution of Leo Frank

2609:"Nikki Giovanni reflects on 'Chasing Utopia,' and other struggles" 574:(1968), which sold over ten thousand copies in its first year; in 265:. In 1960, she began her studies at her grandfather's alma mater, 5299: 3401: 2896:(BPRW) 2017 AAMBC AWARDS WILL HONOR ACCLAIMED POET NIKKI GIOVANNI 1951: 1907:"Virginia Tech's Nikki Giovanni Nominated for Spoken Word GRAMMY" 1827: 1129: 1519:

Adele Sebastian: Intro to Fine (poems), Woman in the Moon (1985)

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Library of Virginia's Literary Lifetime Achievement Award (2016)

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Hip Hop Speaks to Children: A Celebration of Poetry with a Beat

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A Fence Away from Freedom: Japanese Americans and World War II

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Poetry Speaks to Children: A Celebration of Poetry with a Beat

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in the early 1990s and underwent numerous surgeries. Her book

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Hey Charleston!: The True Story of the Jenkins Orphanage Band

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The Last Princess: The Story of Princess Ka’iulani of Hawai’i

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Ego-Tripping and Other Poems for Young People Revised Edition

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The National Council of Negro Women Appreciation Award (2007)

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Podcast where she gave an assessment of her life and legacy.

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John Lewis in the Lead: A Story of the Civil Rights Movement

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Lifting as We Climb: Black Women's Battle for the Ballot Box

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No Easy Answers: Bayard Rustin and the Civil Rights Movement

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Native American Doctor: The Story of Susan LaFlesche Picotte

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Sorrow's Kitchen: The Life and Folklore of Zora Neal Hurston

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was named in her honor in 2007. The bat is found in western

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The Vast Wonder of the World: Biologist Ernest Everett Just

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The 100 best African American poems : (*but I cheated)

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The Hill Visiting Professor, University of Minnesota (1993)

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Emancipation Proclamation: Lincoln and the Dawn of Liberty

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Coming to North America from Mexico, Cuba and Puerto Rico

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Excellence in Leadership Award from Dominion Power (2008)

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She has also been honored for her life and career by the

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Freedom Walkers: The Story of the Montgomery Bus Boycott

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Remembering Manzanar: Life in a Japanese Relocation Camp

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War Cry on a Prayer Feather: Prose and Poetry of the Ute

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Drama of African-American History: The Rise of Jim Crow

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Princess Ka'iulani: Hope of a Nation, Heart of a People

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National Museum of African American History and Culture

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United States Senate Certificate of Commendation (2000)

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The Tennessee Governor's Award in the Humanities (1996)

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The Children's Reading Roundtable of Chicago Award for

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by Adam Hill, was premiered as part of the Soundscapes

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and then moved to New York City. She briefly attended

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Quilting the Black-Eyed Pea: Poems and Not Quite Poems

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Presidential Medal of Honor, Dillard University (2010)

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Child Magazine Best Children's Book of the Year (2005)

584:"After Mecca": Women Poets and the Black Arts Movement 464:

Giovanni gave an extended interview to Bryan Knight's

448:

Quilting the Black-Eyed Pea: Poems and Not Quite Poems

5310:

Let it Shine: Stories of Black Women Freedom Fighters

3539:"Poet Nikki Giovanni Says W.Va. Should Be Celebrated" 936:

Tennessee Writer's Award, The Nashville Banner (1994)

910:

Duncanson Artist in Residence, The Taft Museum (1986)

5522:

What I Had Was Singing: The Story of Marian Anderson

5068:

Till Victory is Won: Black Soldiers in the Civil War

4991:

Black Music in America: A History Through Its People

3369: 2210: 1853:"Nikki Giovanni, University Distinguished Professor" 1763: 1761: 1759: 1757: 1014:

The East Tennessee Writers Hall of Fame Award (2004)

1008:, Delta of Tennessee chapter, Fisk University (2003) 5658:

Fifty Cents and a Dream: Young Booker T. Washington

3524:"Nikki Giovanni on Poetry, Grief and Her New Book, 2727:"A Good Cry: What We Learn From Tears and Laughter" 2075:"Killer's manifesto: 'You forced me into a corner'" 1887:

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

1857:

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

1828:"Ohio Reading Road Trip | Nikki Giovanni Biography" 1797: 1795: 5620:Louis Sockalexis: Native American Baseball Pioneer 5528:Songs from the Loom: A Navajo Girl Learns to Weave 5516:Starting Home: The Story of Horace Pippin, Painter 4965:To Live in Two Worlds: American Indian Youth Today 2508:, Jackson: University of Mississippi, 1992. 31–38. 2430:, Jackson: University of Mississippi, 1992. 70–79. 1538:The Abandoned Baobob: The Autobiography of a Woman 989:2000 Council of Ideas, The Gihon Foundation (2000) 570:inspired her early poetry, which was collected in 482:She is the subject of a documentary film entitled 249:Yolande Cornelia "Nikki" Giovanni Jr. was born in 233:, and was a University Distinguished Professor at 5684:Poet: The Remarkable Story of George Moses Horton 5642:Sit In: How Four Friends Stood Up By Sitting Down 5468:Elementary level winners (grades K–6, since 1989) 5014:Secondary level winners (grades 7–12, since 1989) 3469:The Collected Poetry of Nikki Giovanni: 1968-1998 3063:Blues : for all the changes : new poems 1754: 1672:; updated March 7, 2018. Retrieved March 3, 2024. 1288:A Good Cry: What We Learn From Tears and Laughter 1246:The Collected Poetry of Nikki Giovanni: 1968-1998 1093:Art Sanctuary's Lifetime Achievement Award (2010) 1063:National Parenting Publications Gold Award (2008) 977:The Tennessee Governor's Award in the Arts (1998) 851:National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship (1968) 783:A Good Cry: What We Learn from Tears and Laughter 5749: 2845:"Carter G. Woodson Book Award and Honor Winners" 2241:. Iowa City, IA: University of Iowa Press, 2011. 2207:, New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2005. 1792: 1454:Nikki Giovanni and the New York Community Choir* 1033:John Henry "Pop" Lloyd Humanitarian Award (2005) 763:She was commissioned by National Public Radio's 305:University of Pennsylvania School of Social Work 5654:adapted by Gina Capaldi and Q. L. Pearce (2012) 5376:and Kathleen Benson with Virginia Schomp (2009) 4858: 3271:Appalachian elders : a Warm Hearth sampler 2422: 2420: 2418: 1588:(Academic Journal of southwest Virginia) (2017) 998:The SHero Award for Lifetime Achievement (2002) 748:. In November 2008, a song cycle of her poems, 5334:by Kimberly Komatsu and Kaleigh Komatsu (2004) 5256:A Few Red Drops: The Chicago Race Riot of 1919 5160:by Vincent Collin Beach with Anni Beach (2008) 3418:Nikki Giovanni: Profile and Poems at Poets.org 2171: 1638:Encyclopedia of African American Women Writers 1632:Jane M. Barstow, Yolanda Williams Page (eds), 1349:The Girls in the Circle (Just for You!) (2004) 519:Giovanni was asked by Virginia Tech president 511:, a mass murderer who killed 32 people in the 16:American poet, writer and activist (born 1943) 5423:Fighting for Justice—Fred Korematsu Speaks Up 5300:Middle level winners (grades 5–8, since 2001) 5112:Tatan'ka Iyota'ke: Sitting Bull and His World 4830: 3613: 3599: 3041:(1st ed.). William Morrow and Co. 1996. 1845: 1803:"Nikki Giovanni facts, information, pictures" 1670:Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture 1373:Lincoln and Douglass: An American Friendship 1317:Ego-Tripping and Other Poems For Young People 992:Virginia Governor's Award for the Arts (2000) 697:is her first published volume since her 2003 5626:Lincoln and Douglass: An American Friendship 4975:Dark Harvest: Migrant Farmworkers in America 2908: 2706:. UCTV, University of California Television- 2415: 2044: 5788:21st-century African-American women writers 5768:20th-century African-American women writers 2383:"Poet, Tupac capture beauty beneath pain", 1924:"Virginia Women in History: Nikki Giovanni" 1640:(Greenwood Publishing Group, 2007), p. 213. 303:. In 1968, Giovanni attended a semester at 5486:by Aylette Jenness and Alice Rivers (1990) 5364:Black and White Airmen: Their True History 4837: 4823: 3606: 3592: 2994: 2750: 2446: 2398:"Barnes and Noble, Meet the Authors audio" 2370:"Nikki Giovanni - Spotlight - Interview", 1947:"The Power of Words (with Nikki Giovanni)" 1664:Binnicker, Margaret D. (October 8, 2017), 1650:"The Wintergreen Women Writers Collective" 769:to create an inaugural poem for President 750:Sounds That Shatter the Staleness in Lives 31: 5550:Story Painter: The Life of Jacob Lawrence 5202:by Judith Fradin and Dennis Fradin (2013) 3065:. HarperCollins e-books. April 21, 1999. 2990: 2988: 2986: 2984: 2982: 2980: 2978: 2649:. National Public Radio. January 16, 2009 2500: 2498: 2101: 2099: 2097: 2095: 1628: 1626: 1624: 1622: 1531:Appalachian Elders: A Warm Hearth Sampler 1389:The Grasshopper's Song: An Aesop's Fable 1166:Black Feeling, Black Talk/Black Judgement 901:Woman of the Year, Cincinnati YWCA (1983) 788: 503: 485:Going to Mars: The Nikki Giovanni Project 4945:by Susan Carver and Paula McGuire (1982) 3318: 3293: 3225:. Woman in the Moon Publications. 1990. 3148: 3094: 3092: 3090: 3088: 3086: 3084: 3082: 2995:Foundation, Poetry (February 24, 2021). 2976: 2974: 2972: 2970: 2968: 2966: 2964: 2962: 2960: 2958: 2471: 2469: 2342: 2045:Dove-Viebahn, Aviva (February 6, 2023). 1965: 1017:Finalist, Best Spoken Word Grammy (2004) 726:In 2004, Giovanni was nominated for the 667:event, she recalled the 1998 murders of 553: 425: 170:. Additionally, she was named as one of 5584:by Richard Griswold del Castillo (2003) 5122:Multiethnic Teens and Cultural Identity 3347:. WILDER PUBLICATIONS. April 16, 2017. 2849:National Council for the Social Studies 2447:Foundation, Poetry (January 30, 2019). 2442: 2440: 2438: 2436: 2021:"The Loneliness of Black Genius - Seen" 1991: 974:Cincinnati Bi-Centennial Honoree (1998) 728:Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album 712:(2009) is a companion work to her 1997 5750: 5380:Claudette Colvin: Twice Toward Justice 3294:Giovanni, Nikki (September 15, 1996). 2759:from the original on December 15, 2021 2606: 2572:"Giovanni tells students to 'sail on'" 2495: 2345:The Collected Poetry of Nikki Giovanni 2250: 2092: 2069: 2067: 1944: 1660: 1658: 1619: 1476:The Gospel According To Nikki Giovanni 1442:Legacies: The Poetry of Nikki Giovanni 1403:(2022) Illustrated by Erin K. Robinson 971:The Appalachian Medallion Award (1998) 476:The Gospel According to Nikki Giovanni 323:. In 1969, Giovanni began teaching at 313:Columbia University School of the Arts 5793:21st-century African-American writers 5773:20th-century African-American writers 5728:William Still and His Freedom Stories 5636:Shining Star: The Anna May Wong Story 5484:In Two Worlds: A Yup’ik Eskimo Family 5466: 5389:Music Was It: Young Leonard Bernstein 5348:César Chávez: A Voice for Farmworkers 5298: 5012: 4857: 4818: 4706: 4173: 3625: 3587: 3079: 2955: 2643:"Yes We Can, Yes We Can, Yes We Can!" 2548:"Poetry, Fiction, and Drama - Poetry" 2542: 2540: 2466: 2366: 2364: 1141: 1087:Moonbeam Children's Book Award (2009) 1036:ALC Lifetime Achievement Award (2005) 907:Outstanding Woman of Tennessee (1985) 440:Blues: For All the Changes: New Poems 413:Prince Hall Order of the Eastern Star 5848:Carter G. Woodson Book Award winners 5425:by Laura Atkins and Stan Yogi (2018) 5245:Twelve Days in May—Freedom Ride 1961 3837:Annabelle Ravenscroft Gibson Jenkins 3433:"Interview with poet Nikki Giovanni" 3100:"Nikki Giovanni | Album Discography" 3039:The selected poems of Nikki Giovanni 2517: 2433: 2296: 1767: 1470:The Nikki Giovanni Poetry Collection 1216:The Selected Poems of Nikki Giovanni 904:The Ohio Women's Hall of Fame (1985) 736:The Nikki Giovanni Poetry Collection 689:, a collection of 80 new poems, and 286:), reinstated the campus chapter of 168:The Nikki Giovanni Poetry Collection 5803:21st-century American women writers 5783:20th-century American women writers 5320:Prince Estabrook: Slave and Soldier 4031:Mary Alice Franklin Hatwood Futrell 3990:Mary Tyler Freeman Cheek McClenahan 3412:Profile and poems of Nikki Giovanni 2667: 2148: 2064: 1966:Marovich, +Bob (February 3, 2022). 1666:"Yolande Cornelia 'Nikki' Giovanni" 1655: 1304: 1048:Carl Sandburg Literary Award (2007) 891:National Book Award Nomination for 609:African-American Vernacular English 450:, which dealt with similar themes. 237:until September 1, 2022. After the 13: 2607:Kugler, Sara (December 16, 2013). 2537: 2361: 2105: 1240:The Prosaic Soul of Nikki Giovanni 1060:Women of Power Legacy Award (2008) 319:in poetry and privately published 14: 5909: 5878:Writers from Knoxville, Tennessee 5692:The Amazing Age of John Roy Lynch 5100:Edmonia Lewis: Wildfire in Marble 4355:Elizabeth Ambler Brent Carrington 3553:West Virginia Public Broadcasting 3543:West Virginia Public Broadcasting 3365: 3249:(1st ed.). W. Morrow. 1988. 2724: 2700:"Writer's Symposium By The Sea -" 2506:Conversations with Nikki Giovanni 2428:Conversations with Nikki Giovanni 2172:Nikki Giovanni (April 17, 2007). 1992:Galuppo, Mia (January 19, 2023). 1581:by Richard Kigel (2017)(Foreword) 1572:Continuum: New and Selected Poems 1524:Sacred Cows ... and Other Edibles 1323:Vacation Time: Poems for Children 1111:Lifetime Achievement Award (2017) 1057:Legends and Legacies Award (2007) 1045:Caldecott Honor Book Award (2006) 1042:sorority (Honorary Member) (2006) 965:Festival of Columbus, Ohio (1998) 602:Collected Works of Nikki Giovanni 5142:edited by Robert H. Mayer (2005) 4735:Elizabeth Dabney Langhorne Lewis 4477:Elizabeth Bray Allen Smith Stith 4278:Elizabeth Henry Campbell Russell 3478:"Pin His Ear to the Wisdom Post" 3386: 3372: 2912:The eponym dictionary of mammals 2813:Howard University Library System 1072:Literary Excellence Award (2008) 685:. Her more recent works include 683:Sacred Cows... and Other Edibles 615:(1997) was written in memory of 348:hosted important guests such as 244: 162:. She has been nominated for a 3337: 3312: 3287: 3263: 3247:Sacred cows-- and other edibles 3239: 3215: 3191: 3167: 3142: 3117: 3055: 3031: 3007: 2937: 2902: 2884: 2862: 2837: 2819: 2801: 2771: 2744: 2718: 2692: 2661: 2635: 2619: 2600: 2588: 2565: 2511: 2390: 2377: 2336: 2290: 2244: 2231: 2197: 2180: 2165: 2130: 2038: 2013: 1985: 1959: 1938: 1916: 1900: 1820: 1565:100 Best African American Poems 1268:100 Best African American Poems 838:100 Best African American Poems 473:Giovanni released a new album, 419:, and is an Honorary Member of 417:National Council of Negro Women 5700:by Annette Bay Pimentel (2017) 5054:by Mildred Pitts Walter (1993) 4919:edited by Peter Nabokov (1979) 4911:The Biography of Daniel Inouye 4077:Providencia Velazquez Gonzalez 2870:"Oprah Winfrey's Legends Ball" 1945:Knight, Bryan (May 26, 2020). 1745:"Nikki Giovanni-The Real Deal" 1738: 1700: 1675: 1643: 1607: 1407: 1204:Those Who Ride The Night Winds 923:The Ohioana Library Award for 854:Harlem Cultural Council (1969) 679:Those Who Ride the Night Winds 1: 5449:Black Heroes of the Wild West 5391:by Susan Goldman Rubin (2012) 5148:by Calvin Craig Miller (2006) 4987:by Arlene Hirschfelder (1987) 4707: 4635:Temperance Flowerdew Yeardley 4503:Mary Elizabeth Nottingham Day 4396:Mary Berkeley Minor Blackford 4174: 3626: 1600: 1505:A Dialogue with James Baldwin 913:The Post-Corbett Award (1986) 50:Yolande Cornelia Giovanni Jr. 5823:African-American women poets 5606:by Margot Theis Raven (2006) 5536:by Suhaib Hamid Ghazi (1997) 5492:by Catherine Scheader (1991) 5140:The Civil Rights Act of 1964 5102:by Rinna Evelyn Wolfe (1999) 4959:Mexico and the United States 4846:Carter G. Woodson Book Award 4630:Mary Aydelotte Rice Marshall 3975:John-Geline MacDonald Bowman 2751:TEDx Talks (June 13, 2017). 2251:Palmer, R. Roderick (1971). 1082:Carter G. Woodson Book Award 1066:Sankofa Freedom Award (2008) 1011:Named a History Maker (2003) 434:Giovanni was diagnosed with 335:write six children's books. 7: 5843:Black Arts Movement writers 5828:American Book Award winners 5798:21st-century American poets 5778:20th-century American poets 5590:by Liselotte Erdrich (2004) 5478:Walking the Road to Freedom 5328:by Michael L. Cooper (2003) 5221:by Winifred Conkling (2016) 4859:General winners (1974–1988) 4765:Maggie Lena Mitchell Walker 4513:Edwilda Gustava Allen Isaac 4462:Dorothy Shoemaker McDiarmid 4304:Christiana Burdett Campbell 4026:Laura Lu Scherer Copenhaver 3467:interview with Giovanni on 3017:. W. Morrow. January 1979. 2945:"Black Feeling, Black Talk" 2809:"Awards, Honors, Citations" 2581:, University of Michigan's 1972:The Journal of Gospel Music 1529:(Editor, with C. Dennison) 1478:(Solid Jackson, 2022) with 1448:Cotton Candy on a Rainy Day 1432:The Reason I Like Chocolate 1192:Cotton Candy on a Rainy Day 1024:'s 25 Living Legends (2005) 820:Quilting the Black-Eyed Pea 498:2023 Sundance Film Festival 207:, named after her in 2007. 10: 5914: 5898:LGBT people from Tennessee 5868:Rutgers University faculty 5706:by Cynthia Levinson (2018) 5616:and Kathleen Benson (2007) 5451:by James Otis Smith (2021) 5154:by Joanne Oppenheim (2007) 3273:. Pocahontas Press. 1991. 2595:Interview with Bill Moyers 2385:Milwaukee Journal Sentinel 2303:The Langston Hughes Review 2297:Odon, Rochelle A. (2008). 2228:. Poetry Foundation. 2010. 1228:Blues: For All the Changes 832:Hip Hop Speaks to Children 814:Blues: For All the Changes 804:Seven NAACP Image Awards: 549: 301:Black Feelings, Black Talk 108:University of Pennsylvania 5858:Delta Sigma Theta members 5578:by Nanette Mellage (2002) 5570:Carole Boston Weatherford 5566:The Sound that Jazz Makes 5473: 5462: 5366:by John Fleischman (2008) 5305: 5294: 5130:by Harvey Fireside (2003) 5124:by Barbara C. Cruz (2002) 5019: 5008: 4864: 4853: 4791:Lillie Louise Boone Lucas 4773: 4717: 4713: 4702: 4643: 4592: 4541: 4490: 4439: 4388: 4337: 4286: 4235: 4184: 4180: 4169: 4110: 4067:Frances Culpeper Berkeley 4059: 4008: 3957: 3911: 3860: 3842:Frances Benjamin Johnston 3809: 3796:Mary-Cooke Branch Munford 3758: 3707: 3636: 3632: 3621: 3615:Virginia Women in History 3414:at the Poetry Foundation. 2632:, PBS, November 18, 2013. 2577:November 1, 2007, at the 2347:. HarperCollins e-books. 2186:Bernstein, Robin (2012), 1517:(Author of introduction) 1170:Black Feeling, Black Talk 1148:Black Feeling, Black Talk 1126:Micronycteris giovanniae, 1116: 732:46th Annual Grammy Awards 572:Black Feeling, Black Talk 496:, which premiered at the 411:. She is a member of the 321:Black Feeling, Black Talk 210:Giovanni is proud of her 130: 125: 117: 94: 71: 46: 30: 23: 5893:American lesbian writers 5833:American women academics 5594:Jim Thorpe's Bright Path 5413:by Teri Kanefield (2015) 5036:by Rebecca Larsen (1990) 4467:Rebekah Dulaney Peterkin 4416:Christine Herter Kendall 4268:Bessie Niemeyer Marshall 3893:Sarah Garland Boyd Jones 3526:Chasing Utopia: A Hybrid 3319:Giovanni, Nikki (2010). 3149:Giovanni, Nikki (1976). 2343:Giovanni, Nikki (2003). 1735:Nikki Giovanni Biography 1733:Poetry Foundation Center 1485: 1416:(Right-On Records, 1971) 1278:Chasing Utopia: A Hybrid 1135: 1122:Giovanni's Big-Eared Bat 721:Chasing Utopia: A Hybrid 204:Micronycteris giovanniae 5712:by Mélina Mangal (2019) 5670:by Anne Rockwell (2014) 5552:by John Duggleby (1999) 5530:by Monty Roessel (1996) 5518:by Mary E. Lyons (1994) 5382:by Phillip Hoose (2010) 5136:by James Tackach (2004) 5108:by Sharon Linnea (2000) 5058:The March on Washington 5042:by Mary E. Lyons (1991) 4949:Morning Star, Black Sun 4745:Josephine Mathes Norcom 4671:Georgeanna Seegar Jones 4314:Elizabeth Peet McIntosh 3980:Benita Fitzgerald-Brown 3919:Clara Leach Adams-Ender 3852:Annie Bannister Spencer 2626:"Writer Nikki Giovanni" 2192:African American Review 1510:(With Margaret Walker) 1420:Like a Ripple on a Pond 1078:Ann Fralin Award (2009) 479:, on February 8, 2022. 221:Giovanni has taught at 5888:Writers from Tennessee 5863:Fisk University alumni 5818:African-American poets 5694:by Chris Barton (2016) 5350:by Bárbara Cruz (2006) 5322:by Alice Hinkel (2002) 5080:The Harlem Renaissance 5076:by Ellen Levine (1996) 4961:by E.B. Fincher (1984) 4913:by Jan Goodsell (1978) 4750:Mary Elizabeth Pidgeon 4615:Marii Kyogoku Hasegawa 4574:Louise Harrison McCraw 4554:Corazon Sandoval Foley 4523:Ana Ines Barragan King 4447:Nancy Melvina Caldwell 4406:Elizabeth Ashburn Duke 3827:Anna Whitehead Bodeker 3298:(1st ed.). Holt. 2174:"We Are Virginia Tech" 2156:"We Are Virginia Tech" 2142:www.remembrance.vt.edu 1999:The Hollywood Reporter 1460:Every Tone A Testimony 1311:Spin a Soft Black Song 789:Awards and recognition 708:Giovanni's collection 665:Martin Luther King Day 559: 535: 513:Virginia Tech shooting 504:Virginia Tech shooting 431: 239:Virginia Tech shooting 166:for her poetry album, 5873:Virginia Tech faculty 5524:by Jeri Ferris (1995) 5498:by Fay Stanley (1992) 5480:by Jeri Ferris (1989) 5134:Early Black Reformers 5070:by Zak Mettger (1995) 5052:Mississippi Challenge 5048:by Jeri Ferris (1992) 4933:The Chinese Americans 4901:The Trouble They Seen 4380:Eva Mae Fleming Scott 4319:Orelena Hawks Puckett 4273:Felicia Warburg Rogan 4227:Marian Van Landingham 4000:Mary Virginia Terhune 3929:Bessie Blount Griffin 3791:Lillian Ward McDaniel 3740:Sally Louisa Tompkins 3015:The women and the men 2909:Beolens, Bo. (2009). 2725:Noble, Barnes &. 2647:All Things Considered 2583:The University Record 2118:on September 15, 2015 1926:. Library of Virginia 1536:(Author of foreword) 1186:The Women and The Men 961:Living Legacy Award, 946:Parents' Choice Award 766:All Things Considered 568:Black Power movements 564:Civil Rights Movement 557: 530: 459:Library of Virginia's 429: 187:Civil Rights Movement 156:Langston Hughes Medal 37:Giovanni speaking at 5838:American women poets 5813:Affrilachian writers 5646:Andrea Davis Pinkney 5397:by Ann Bausum (2013) 5314:Andrea Davis Pinkney 5176:by Ann Bausum (2010) 4760:Lila Meade Valentine 4686:Kate Peters Sturgill 4600:Gaye Todd Adegbalola 4564:Cynthia Eppes Hudson 4401:Naomi Silverman Cohn 4329:Alice Jackson Stuart 4309:Betty Sams Christian 4217:Jean Miller Skipwith 4123:Caroline Bradby Cook 4041:Sheila Crump Johnson 3939:Barbara Johns Powell 3771:Janie Porter Barrett 3694:Lila Meade Valentine 3580:, February 24, 2024. 3534:, December 16, 2013. 3520:, December 16, 2013. 3441:, December 12, 1975. 3435:for the WGBH series 3427:Smithsonian Folkways 3423:Giovanni Discography 3125:"Night Comes Softly" 2767:– via YouTube. 2613:Melissa Harris-Perry 2597:, February 13, 2009. 1863:on December 16, 2013 1574:by Mari Evans (2012) 1464:Smithsonian Folkways 1456:(Collectibles, 1993) 1335:The Genie in The Jar 1258:Bicycles: Love Poems 1210:Knoxville, Tennessee 878:Ladies' Home Journal 710:Bicycles: Love Poems 271:Nashville, Tennessee 251:Knoxville, Tennessee 191:Black Power Movement 185:. Influenced by the 65:Knoxville, Tennessee 5638:by Paula Yoo (2010) 5622:by Bill Wise (2008) 5544:Leon Walter Tillage 5332:In America's Shadow 4681:Lucy Randolph Mason 4661:Claudia Lane Dodson 4569:Mary Virginia Jones 4498:Flora D. Crittenden 4253:Emily White Fleming 4192:Mollie Holmes Adams 3965:Kate Waller Barrett 3883:Anne Makemie Holden 3555:, October 11, 2019. 3551:, radio interview, 3545:, October 16, 2015. 3472:, February 8, 2004. 3177:. M. Joseph. 1975. 2880:on October 7, 2007. 2585:, January 25, 1999. 2194:45, no. 3: 341–353. 2112:The Virginian-Pilot 1683:"Awards and Honors" 1414:Truth Is On Its Way 1343:The Sun Is So Quiet 950:The Sun Is So Quiet 886:Truth Is on Its Way 875:Woman of the Year, 866:Woman of the Year, 857:Woman of the Year, 183:Black Arts Movement 112:Columbia University 5808:Affrilachian Poets 5510:Fredrick McKissack 5249:Larry Dane Brimner 5194:Larry Dane Brimner 4985:Happily May I Walk 4796:Evelyn Reid Syphax 4740:Sophie G. Meredith 4625:Barbara Kingsolver 4579:Undine Smith Moore 4212:Kate Mason Rowland 4202:Edythe C. Harrison 4138:Joann Hess Grayson 4097:Isabel Wood Rogers 3995:G. Anne Richardson 3970:Marie Majella Berg 3888:Mary Draper Ingles 3847:Anne Dobie Peebles 3720:Elizabeth Campbell 3649:Mary Julia Baldwin 3510:, October 2, 2012. 3402:Giovanni's website 3129:nikki-giovanni.com 2731:Barnes & Noble 2402:barnesandnoble.com 1913:, January 9, 2003. 1911:Virginia Tech News 1687:nikki-giovanni.com 1584:(Featured Artist) 1142:Poetry collections 560: 494:Michèle Stephenson 432: 329:Rutgers University 325:Livingston College 263:Austin High School 5883:Writers from Ohio 5745: 5744: 5741: 5740: 5502:Madam C.J. Walker 5458: 5457: 5290: 5289: 5168:Francisco Jiménez 5028:Charles Patterson 5004: 5003: 4979:Brent Ashabranner 4969:Brent Ashabranner 4953:Brent Ashabranner 4873:Eloise Greenfield 4812: 4811: 4808: 4807: 4804: 4803: 4730:Fannie Bayly King 4698: 4697: 4694: 4693: 4651:Sharifa Alkhateeb 4549:Doris Crouse-Mays 4518:Katherine Johnson 4457:Ruth Coles Harris 4345:Mary C. Alexander 4165: 4164: 4161: 4160: 4148:Virginia Randolph 4133:Drew Gilpin Faust 4082:Elizabeth B. Lacy 4072:Lucy Goode Brooks 4036:Mary Jeffery Galt 4016:Mary Willing Byrd 3903:Martha Washington 3801:Jessie M. Rattley 3781:Hannah Lee Corbin 3745:Elizabeth Van Lew 3730:Elizabeth Keckley 3715:Rosa Dixon Bowser 3644:Ella Graham Agnew 3558:Claire McIntosh, 3153:. Penguin Books. 3001:Poetry Foundation 2922:978-0-8018-9533-3 2524:Poetry Foundation 2518:Giovanni, Nikki. 2453:Poetry Foundation 2354:978-0-06-178979-3 2162:, April 17, 2007. 1768:Giovanni, Nikki. 1040:Delta Sigma Theta 691:On My Journey Now 421:Delta Sigma Theta 385:NAACP Image Award 199:NAACP Image Award 160:NAACP Image Award 141: 140: 5905: 5853:Children's poets 5464: 5463: 5358:Russell Freedman 5342:Russell Freedman 5296: 5295: 5261:Claire Hartfield 5184:Elaine M. Alphin 5010: 5009: 4905:Dorothy Sterling 4855: 4854: 4839: 4832: 4825: 4816: 4815: 4755:Ora Brown Stokes 4715: 4714: 4704: 4703: 4610:Isabella Gibbons 4533:Meyera Oberndorf 4248:Eleanor Bontecou 4182: 4181: 4171: 4170: 4051:Camilla Williams 4046:Opossunoquonuske 3949:Mary Belvin Wade 3832:Mary Ann Elliott 3786:Christine Darden 3725:Thomasina Jordan 3699:Maggie L. Walker 3634: 3633: 3623: 3622: 3608: 3601: 3594: 3585: 3584: 3566:, April 6, 2020. 3501: 3407:Profile at Lavin 3396: 3394:Biography portal 3391: 3390: 3389: 3382: 3377: 3376: 3375: 3359: 3358: 3341: 3335: 3334: 3316: 3310: 3309: 3291: 3285: 3284: 3267: 3261: 3260: 3243: 3237: 3236: 3219: 3213: 3212: 3195: 3189: 3188: 3171: 3165: 3164: 3146: 3140: 3139: 3137: 3135: 3121: 3115: 3114: 3112: 3110: 3096: 3077: 3076: 3059: 3053: 3052: 3035: 3029: 3028: 3011: 3005: 3004: 2997:"Nikki Giovanni" 2992: 2953: 2952: 2941: 2935: 2934: 2906: 2900: 2899: 2892:"Nikki Giovanni" 2888: 2882: 2881: 2876:. Archived from 2866: 2860: 2859: 2857: 2855: 2841: 2835: 2834: 2827:"Nikki Giovanni" 2823: 2817: 2816: 2805: 2799: 2798: 2796: 2794: 2785:. Archived from 2779:"Nikki Giovanni" 2775: 2769: 2768: 2766: 2764: 2748: 2742: 2741: 2739: 2737: 2722: 2716: 2715: 2713: 2711: 2696: 2690: 2689: 2687: 2685: 2680:on July 24, 2012 2676:. Archived from 2668:Wheeler, Linda. 2665: 2659: 2658: 2656: 2654: 2639: 2633: 2623: 2617: 2616: 2604: 2598: 2592: 2586: 2569: 2563: 2562: 2560: 2558: 2544: 2535: 2534: 2532: 2530: 2515: 2509: 2502: 2493: 2492: 2490: 2488: 2483:. April 11, 2013 2473: 2464: 2463: 2461: 2459: 2449:"Nikki Giovanni" 2444: 2431: 2424: 2413: 2412: 2410: 2408: 2394: 2388: 2387:(April 5, 1997). 2381: 2375: 2374:, December 2003. 2368: 2359: 2358: 2340: 2334: 2333: 2331: 2329: 2294: 2288: 2287: 2285: 2283: 2248: 2242: 2237:Shockley, Evie, 2235: 2229: 2226:"Nikki Giovanni" 2223: 2208: 2203:Clarke, Cheryl, 2201: 2195: 2184: 2178: 2177: 2169: 2163: 2154:Nikki Giovanni, 2152: 2146: 2145: 2134: 2128: 2127: 2125: 2123: 2114:. Archived from 2106:Bowers, Mathew. 2103: 2090: 2089: 2087: 2085: 2071: 2062: 2061: 2059: 2057: 2042: 2036: 2035: 2033: 2031: 2017: 2011: 2010: 2008: 2006: 1989: 1983: 1982: 1980: 1978: 1963: 1957: 1956: 1942: 1936: 1935: 1933: 1931: 1920: 1914: 1904: 1898: 1897: 1895: 1893: 1879: 1873: 1872: 1870: 1868: 1859:. Archived from 1849: 1843: 1842: 1840: 1838: 1824: 1818: 1817: 1815: 1813: 1807:Encyclopedia.com 1799: 1790: 1789: 1787: 1785: 1780:on March 5, 2019 1776:. 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Bush 521:Charles Steger 505: 502: 488:, directed by 366:Sidney Poitier 246: 243: 223:Queens College 176:Living Legends 139: 138: 133:nikki-giovanni 128: 127: 123: 122: 119: 115: 114: 96: 92: 91: 89: 88: 85: 82: 79: 75: 73: 69: 68: 48: 44: 43: 36: 28: 27: 25:Nikki Giovanni 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5910: 5899: 5896: 5894: 5891: 5889: 5886: 5884: 5881: 5879: 5876: 5874: 5871: 5869: 5866: 5864: 5861: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5849: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5834: 5831: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5821: 5819: 5816: 5814: 5811: 5809: 5806: 5804: 5801: 5799: 5796: 5794: 5791: 5789: 5786: 5784: 5781: 5779: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5763:Living people 5761: 5759: 5756: 5755: 5753: 5733: 5729: 5726: 5723: 5719: 5718: 5714: 5711: 5708: 5705: 5702: 5699: 5696: 5693: 5689: 5685: 5682: 5679: 5675: 5672: 5669: 5666: 5663: 5659: 5656: 5653: 5650: 5647: 5643: 5640: 5637: 5634: 5631: 5627: 5624: 5621: 5618: 5615: 5611: 5608: 5605: 5604:Let Them Play 5602: 5599: 5595: 5592: 5589: 5586: 5583: 5580: 5577: 5574: 5571: 5567: 5564: 5561: 5557: 5554: 5551: 5548: 5545: 5541: 5538: 5535: 5532: 5529: 5526: 5523: 5520: 5517: 5514: 5511: 5507: 5503: 5500: 5497: 5494: 5491: 5488: 5485: 5482: 5479: 5476: 5475: 5472: 5465: 5461: 5450: 5447: 5444: 5440: 5437: 5434: 5430: 5427: 5424: 5421: 5418: 5415: 5412: 5409: 5406: 5402: 5399: 5396: 5393: 5390: 5387: 5384: 5381: 5378: 5375: 5374:James Haskins 5371: 5368: 5365: 5362: 5359: 5355: 5352: 5349: 5346: 5343: 5339: 5336: 5333: 5330: 5327: 5324: 5321: 5318: 5315: 5311: 5308: 5307: 5304: 5297: 5293: 5282: 5281:Evette Dionne 5278: 5275: 5272: 5268: 5265: 5262: 5258: 5257: 5253: 5250: 5246: 5243: 5240: 5236: 5232: 5228: 5227: 5223: 5220: 5217: 5214: 5210: 5207: 5204: 5201: 5198: 5195: 5191: 5188: 5185: 5181: 5178: 5175: 5172: 5169: 5165: 5162: 5159: 5156: 5153: 5150: 5147: 5144: 5141: 5138: 5135: 5132: 5129: 5126: 5123: 5120: 5117: 5116:Albert Marrin 5113: 5110: 5107: 5104: 5101: 5098: 5095: 5091: 5088: 5085: 5081: 5078: 5075: 5072: 5069: 5066: 5063: 5062:James Haskins 5059: 5056: 5053: 5050: 5047: 5044: 5041: 5038: 5035: 5032: 5029: 5025: 5022: 5021: 5018: 5011: 5007: 4996: 4995:James Haskins 4992: 4989: 4986: 4983: 4980: 4976: 4973: 4970: 4966: 4963: 4960: 4957: 4954: 4950: 4947: 4944: 4941: 4938: 4934: 4931: 4928: 4924: 4921: 4918: 4915: 4912: 4909: 4906: 4902: 4899: 4896: 4892: 4891: 4887: 4884: 4883:Jesse Jackson 4880: 4877: 4874: 4870: 4867: 4866: 4863: 4856: 4852: 4847: 4840: 4835: 4833: 4828: 4826: 4821: 4820: 4817: 4797: 4794: 4792: 4789: 4787: 4784: 4782: 4779: 4778: 4776: 4772: 4766: 4763: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4751: 4748: 4746: 4743: 4741: 4738: 4736: 4733: 4731: 4728: 4726: 4725:Pauline Adams 4723: 4722: 4720: 4716: 4712: 4705: 4701: 4687: 4684: 4682: 4679: 4677: 4674: 4672: 4669: 4667: 4664: 4662: 4659: 4657: 4654: 4652: 4649: 4648: 4646: 4642: 4636: 4633: 4631: 4628: 4626: 4623: 4621: 4618: 4616: 4613: 4611: 4608: 4606: 4603: 4601: 4598: 4597: 4595: 4591: 4585: 4582: 4580: 4577: 4575: 4572: 4570: 4567: 4565: 4562: 4560: 4557: 4555: 4552: 4550: 4547: 4546: 4544: 4540: 4534: 4531: 4529: 4528:Betty Masters 4526: 4524: 4521: 4519: 4516: 4514: 4511: 4509: 4508:Sarah A. 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