3772:
226:
2616:
present perfect meanings, respectively. In this case, the opposition is present formally: imperfective verbs take imperfective suffixes and the perfective ones have the perfective suffixes (Helimski, 1998). Imperfective verbs can also express future meanings. These forms are not considered tense in the strict sense. The proper tense forms of past and future include past, past perfect, future, future-in-the past (Katzschmann, 2008).
214:
376:). A part of the vocabulary can be traced to elements of unknown substrate origin, which are roughly twice as common in Nganasan than in other Samoyedic languages like Nenets or Enets, and bear no apparent resemblance to the neighboring Tungusic and Yukaghir languages. The source of this substrate remains a mystery so far.
2990:
cases the attribute gets genitive form. There are no prepositions in
Nganasan, postpositions are composite parts of words and also require the attributes in genitive cases. Possession is expressed with genitive construction or by a possessive suffix attached to the possessed (Helimski, 1998; Katzschmann, 2008).
2615:
Most corresponding imperfective and perfective stems have the same root, but in rare cases the roots can be different. The aspectual opposition between imperfective and perfective verbs remains semantic in most verbal forms. However, in the indicative mood it is used to express present continuous and
2985:
The dominating word order in
Nganasan is SOV, similar to other Samoyedic languages. However, Nganasan is considered to exhibit more freedom in word order than other languages of its group. According to Tereščenko (1979), other types of word orders are used for shifting the sentence focus, especially
2606:
Nganasan has a broad mood paradigm with nine forms: indicative, imperative, interrogative, inferential, renarrative, irrealis, optative, admissive-cohortive, debitive, abessive and prohibitive. Mood forms are mostly built with the help of affixation but special particles are also sometimes used. All
2989:
On the phrase level, the attributes within the noun phrase usually precede the noun and become focused when placed after it. Numerals and adjectives agree with the heads in case, and adjectives also agree with the head in number. The case agreement is only complete in grammatical cases; in locative
3087:
Coordination is most often achieved by means of intonation. Sometimes pronominal and adverbial derivatives can be used as conjunctions. For example, adverb ŋonə 'also' can be used as conjunction. The category of conjunctions may be undergoing formation under the influence of
Russian (Tereščenko,
2389:
The subjective conjugation is used when there is no object or the object is focused. The objective conjugation is used with transitive words. The reflexive conjugation is used for some intransitive verbs. Each conjugation type has its own personal endings. There are three subtypes of objective
401:
On Taimyr only Dolgan and Nenets have language programs. All families have a tv set. Raido Taimyr, station in dudinka have their broadcasts daily, but they are short, being 10-15 min. 24 per cent of
Nganasan do view the radio program, though some want to but don't have a radio set. Since 1993,
384:
Compulsory education did not exist in the land
Nganasan lived until the 1930s. Untill there, most Nganasans were illiterate with no exceptions. Not many Nganasans spoke Russian. Any spoken Russian would not be in normal Russian, it would be in a pidgin called Taimyr Pidgin Russian or Govorka.
3078:
Subordination is typically formed by constructions with non-finite verbal forms. Such constructions are usually placed before the constituents they modify. The relative construction is always placed immediately before the modified constituent, whereas other types of constructions allow other
388:
First school was founded in
Dudinka in 1920. After it, other villages started to have schools. From the start was the education in Russian - not only due to the administration wantings to pursue russification, but also due to the fact Nganasan was only spoken as a language until the 1980s.
3013:"I do not go". All inflectional markers are taken by the negation auxiliary (Gusev, 2015). Objects in the form of personal, negative or demonstrative pronouns can be inserted between the negative auxiliary and the main verb (Wagner-Nagy, 2011). There are a few negative verbs other than
2088:
Nganasan has personal, demonstrative, interrogative, negative and determinative pronouns. Personal pronouns are not inflected: their grammatical case forms coincide and their local case forms are expressed by the corresponding possessed forms of the postposition
2986:
in emphatic speech. The focused constituent usually immediately precedes the verb. Wagner-Nagy (2010) suggests that
Nganasan is similar to Hungarian in its behavior, in that its word order is determined by pragmatic factors rather than being fixed.
392:
In schools, there are some leaning materials for some age groups. Volochanka pupils only learn their heritage language 2 times a week, the Ust'ye Avam pupils don't learn, their school closed after it burned down in 2012.
1946:(non-possessive versus possessive forms). Nganasan lacks determiners; however, the possessive forms of second person singular and third person singular can be used to express definiteness (Katzschmann, 2008).
3070:
can only be used in present indicative as it behaves like a noun: it takes nominal predicative endings. D'anguj- (a composite of d'aŋku and ij- "be") is used for all other tense/mood combinations.
2381:
Verbs agree with their subjects in person and number, and have three conjugation types. Like other
Samoyedic languages, Nganasan has the opposition of perfective and imperfective verbs.
3903:
3097:
Gusev, V. (2015) Negation in
Nganasan. In Miestamo, M., Tamm, A., Wagner-Nagy, B. (ed.) Negation in Uralic Languages, 103–312. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
2607:
mood forms, except the imperative, have the same personal suffixes. Tenses are distinguished in the indicative, imperative and interrogative moods (Tereščenko, 1979).
4129:
3158:
Wagner-Nagy, B. (2010) Existential and possessive predicate phrases in
Nganasan. In Gusev, V. and Widmer, A., Finnisch-Ugrische Mitteilungen, 32/33. Hamburg: Buske.
4115:
3894:
236:
2993:
Nganasan is a pro-drop language: pronominal subjects are often omitted when the verb conjugation type is subjective (Tereščenko, 1979).
3561:
1801:
138:
402:
newspaper Sovietski Taimyr, has been editing short Nganasan language news stories and other, but they are published irregularly.
133:
4290:
3514:
3466:
3424:
3379:
1748:
1179:
259:
3079:
constituents to interfere. The word order in such construction is the same as in simple sentences (Tereščenko, 1973).
3153:
3130:
3102:
1291:
3139:
Tereščenko, N.M. (1986) Алфавит нганасанского языка, in Skorik P.A. (ed.), Палеоазиатские языки, Leningrad: Nauka.
1864:
1857:
3161:
Wagner-Nagy, B. (2011) On the typology of negation in Ob-Ugric and Samoyedic languages (MSFOu 262). Helsinki: SUS
1893:
1836:
1648:
479:
249:
3203:[Results of the All-Russian population census 2020. Table 6. population according to native language.].
3554:
3524:
3114:
Helimski, Eugene. (1998) Nganasan. In Abondolo, Daniel (ed.), The Uralic Languages, 480–515. London: Routledge.
3519:
3614:
1879:
1699:
458:
4285:
1850:
1808:
1776:
1672:
1101:
493:
200:
1911:
1906:
1870:
1782:
1228:
1222:
1217:
1216:
has the allophone before other consonants, though this can also be analyzed as an "unusual" allophone of
1213:
1208:
1204:
1200:
892:
888:
884:
880:
866:
862:
856:
852:
846:
842:
833:
829:
825:
821:
814:
810:
803:
799:
790:
783:
778:
773:
767:
760:
753:
746:
740:
731:
726:
718:
712:
699:
694:
688:
681:
675:
669:
663:
657:
640:
635:
630:
624:
617:
612:
607:
601:
594:
589:
584:
578:
571:
566:
561:
555:
518:
506:
3226:"Best practices for spatial language data harmonization, sharing and map creation—A case study of Uralic"
3117:
Katzschmann, M. (2008) Chrestomathia Nganasanica: Texte – Übersetzung – Glossar – Grammatik, Norderstedt.
1795:
1720:
1083:
444:
3534:
3148:
Wagner-Nagy, B. (2002) Chrestomathia Nganasanica. (Studia Uralo-Altaica : Supplementum 10) Szeged.
3940:
1886:
1815:
1788:
1727:
1658:
1186:
1157:
1108:
993:
986:
512:
4124:
3547:
1843:
1829:
1706:
1000:
451:
4236:
4019:
4014:
3708:
3579:
1943:
1822:
465:
3107:
Helimski, Еugene. (1994). Очерк морфонологии и словоизменительной морфологии нганасанского языка.
4056:
4024:
3725:
1741:
1713:
1686:
1665:
1072:
1035:
1028:
1007:
366:
67:
4149:
4144:
4042:
3608:
1042:
4231:
3802:
3224:
Rantanen, Timo; Tolvanen, Harri; Roose, Meeli; Ylikoski, Jussi; Vesakoski, Outi (2022-06-08).
4262:
4226:
4221:
4216:
3968:
1762:
1755:
1142:
1128:
951:
944:
3935:
3237:
1679:
1049:
958:
8:
4073:
3963:
3881:
3302:
3201:"Итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2020 года. Таблица 6. Население по родному языку"
1942:(nominative, genitive, accusative, lative, locative, elative, prolative, comitative) and
1059:
873:
333:
317:
314:
111:
3509:
3241:
4192:
4001:
3991:
3930:
3596:
3260:
3225:
1935:
1769:
965:
916:
906:
218:
Geographic distribution of Nganasan at the beginning of the 20th century and currently.
192:
4199:
3771:
3753:
3737:
3720:
3715:
3602:
3462:
3420:
3375:
3265:
3149:
3126:
3098:
1900:
1170:
975:
931:
921:
486:
3780:
3325:
3314:
255:
4139:
4009:
3950:
3703:
3696:
3681:
3676:
3587:
3570:
3452:
3412:
3367:
3255:
3245:
1939:
1519:
1380:
1120:
911:
357:
337:
106:
3862:
3852:
3629:
4167:
4161:
4031:
3983:
3973:
3912:
3759:
3659:
3457:
3298:
3282:
Rantanen, Timo, Vesakoski, Outi, Ylikoski, Jussi, & Tolvanen, Harri. (2021).
3250:
1400:
1241:
938:
926:
321:
156:
98:
3186:
205:
4256:
4185:
4110:
4103:
4094:
4087:
4081:
4036:
3889:
3747:
3730:
3646:
3634:
3619:
149:
3821:
3808:
3796:
3529:
3416:
3359:
4279:
4049:
3958:
3922:
3742:
3686:
3666:
3652:
3639:
3520:
Comparative Nenets–Nganasan dictionary (with Russian and English equivalents)
3371:
1484:
1464:
1342:
1319:
1279:
426:
3826:
3510:
Endangered Languages of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia: The Nganasan Language
3482:
3899:
3624:
3269:
1734:
1310:
1014:
3857:
3847:
3815:
3691:
3052:
Existential sentences are negated with the negative existential predicate
176:
3287:
438:
421:
3867:
3831:
3447:
Fejes, László (2021-07-13). "Reconsidering the Nganasan vowel system".
1986:
1970:
501:
431:
855:
does not occur after palatal consonants, having been neutralized into
849:, although the first of these only happens in word-initial syllables.
3406:
3145:
Tereščenko, N.M. (1973) Синтакс самодийских языков, Leningrad: Nauka.
2066:
473:
185:
169:
78:
3007:) followed by the main verb in connegative form marked with ʔ, e.g.
225:
3539:
3200:
2050:
2034:
2002:
1091:
877:
301:
267:
46:
820:
Vowels can be divided two pairs of groups based on harmony: Front
3303:Самодийская лингвистическая реконструкция и праистория самодийцев
341:
263:
3515:
The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire: The Nganasans
3451:. Vol. 54. Szeged: University of Szeged. pp. 229–253.
3043:— "of course", but their functionality is restricted, with only
2018:
1963:
845:
do not occur after palatal consonants, as they have fronted to
233:
57:
3223:
3142:
Tereščenko, N.M. (1979) Нганасанский язык, Leningrad: Nauka.
2093:. Other pronouns are inflected like nouns (Helimski, 1998).
865:
does not occur after labial consonants, having unrounded to
839:
Front vowels do not occur after initial dental consonants.
213:
2810:"(if ~ when) to kill', kotubɪ̈nə 'if ~ when I kill", etc.
410:
Nganasan has 10 vowel phonemes and 21 consonant phonemes.
266:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
2390:
conjugation endings that correspond to object number.
3001:
Standard negation is expressed by negative auxiliary (
33:
1934:
Nouns in Nganasan have the grammatical categories of
526:
Several disyllabic sequences of vowels are possible:
371:
351:
232:
Nganasan is classified as Severely Endangered by the
806:/ also occur, but only across morpheme boundaries.
3326:https://brill.com/display/title/38179?language=en
3315:https://brill.com/display/title/38179?language=en
2705:"which does not kill ~ which is not been killed"
4277:
836:. Backness harmony only applies to high vowels.
3483:"Nganasan language, alphabet and pronunciation"
3187:"Nganasan language, alphabet and pronunciation"
332:Nganasan is the most divergent language of the
27:
3555:
3284:Geographical database of the Uralic languages
3120:
2691:"which was to kill ~ which was to be killed"
345:
304:
291:
281:
3123:Wörterverzeichnis der Nganasanischen Sprache
2719:"which did not kill ~ which was not killed"
3404:
3357:
3562:
3548:
1244:-based alphabet was devised in the 1990s:
1225:has the allophone when not before a vowel
224:
212:
3456:
3259:
3249:
2677:"which will kill ~ which will be killed"
3449:Proceedings of the 5th Mikola Conference
2619:
872:One of the main features of Nganasan is
379:
237:Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
4000:
3366:, London: Routledge, pp. 753–792,
3121:Kortt, I. R.; Simčenko, Ju. B. (1985).
2097:Personal pronouns and pronominal forms
260:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
4278:
3288:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4784188
3109:Таймырский этнолингвистический сборник
2787:Verbal adverb of immediate precedence
45:
3543:
3446:
3442:
3440:
3438:
3436:
3353:
531:
3569:
3400:
3398:
3396:
3351:
3349:
3347:
3345:
3343:
3341:
3339:
3337:
3335:
3333:
340:(Janhunen 1998). There are two main
2801:Conditional-temporal verbal adverb
2610:
13:
4261:Languages between parentheses are
3433:
2663:"which killed ~ which was killed"
14:
4302:
3503:
3405:Wagner-Nagy, Beáta (2018-10-08).
3393:
3358:Wagner-Nagy, Beáta (2023-02-20),
3330:
2833:Future conditional verbal adverb
2815:Preterite temporal verbal adverb
1899:
1892:
1885:
1878:
1863:
1856:
1849:
1842:
1835:
1828:
1821:
1814:
1807:
1800:
1794:
1787:
1775:
1768:
1761:
1754:
1747:
1740:
1733:
1726:
1719:
1712:
1705:
1698:
1685:
1678:
1671:
1664:
1657:
1185:
1178:
1156:
1127:
1107:
1100:
1082:
1071:
1048:
1041:
1034:
1027:
1013:
1006:
999:
992:
985:
964:
957:
950:
943:
817:only occur in initial syllables.
511:
492:
485:
478:
464:
457:
450:
443:
327:
3770:
3073:
2968:"in order that he killed", etc.
2649:"which kills ~ which is killed"
3475:
3082:
1231:is lenited to intervocalically
876:, which concerns the consonant
4265:of the language on their left.
3525:Nganasan multimedia dictionary
3319:
3308:
3292:
3276:
3217:
3193:
3179:
2898:"so that I do not kill", etc.
2713:S1-MəTUMA̩ʔA̩̥-Dʲəə(-NCx)(-Px)
2710:Preterite abessive participle
2682:Future-in-the-past participle
2384:
1235:
1:
3091:
2980:
2738:Preterite passive participle
1924:
887:and their nasal combinations
16:Endangered Samoyedic language
4291:Northern Samoyedic languages
3458:10.14232/sua.2021.54.229-253
3251:10.1371/journal.pone.0269648
2130:Personal pronouns + clitics
1167:
1140:
1118:
1089:
1020:
973:
936:
549:
533:
405:
34:
7:
3125:. Berlin: Systemata Mundi.
2996:
2135:Personal emphatic pronouns
2083:
372:
352:
10:
4307:
1950:Case suffixes in Nganasan
1938:(singular, dual, plural),
1919:
1647:
1399:
28:
4247:
4209:
4177:
4072:
3982:
3949:
3921:
3880:
3840:
3788:
3779:
3768:
3586:
3577:
3417:10.1163/9789004382763_003
2975:
2864:Imperfective verbal noun
2403:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2101:
1442:
1141:
1119:
1058:
974:
937:
903:
505:
477:
420:
361:
346:
305:
292:
282:
246:
223:
211:
199:
183:
167:
162:
146:
127:
95:
85:
73:
63:
53:
41:
26:
21:
3709:Siberian Ingrian Finnish
3580:List of Uralic languages
3530:German–Nganasan glossary
3372:10.4324/9781315625096-17
3172:
3164:Wagner-Nagy, B. (2018).
3049:having a full paradigm.
2907:(S3/S1')-ʔMUə(-Cx)(-Px)
2685:S1'-ʔSUTə-Dʲəə(-NCx)(-Px
2376:
1929:
396:
3058:or its derivative stem
2920:"where I killed", etc.
2904:Perfective verbal noun
2889:"I was afraid to kill"
2601:
68:Taymyr Autonomous Okrug
2926:Preterite verbal noun
2828:"when I killed", etc.
2741:S1-Məə-Dʲəə(-NCx)(-Px)
2699:S1-MəTUMA̩ʔ(-NCx)(-Px)
2657:S1-SUə-Dʲəə(-NCx)(-Px)
1203:is labialized before
338:Uralic language family
248:This article contains
91:416 (2020 census)
3408:A Grammar of Nganasan
3166:A grammar of Nganasan
2796:"having just killed"
2654:Preterite participle
2620:Non-finite verb forms
649:Non-High First Vowel
380:Education in Nganasan
300:in Russian; from the
3615:Northeastern coastal
3364:The Uralic Languages
2911:koðaʔmuə ~ koðuʔmuə
2782:"having not killed"
2696:Abessive participle
2671:S1'-ʔSUTə(-NCx)(-Px)
1401:Cyrillic orthography
899:Nganasan consonants
298:tavgiysko-samoyedsky
293:тавгийско-самоедский
4286:Languages of Russia
3242:2022PLoSO..1769648R
2850:
2818:S1-HÜʔ-ə(-Cx))-Px)
2755:
2747:"which was killed"
2724:Passive participle
2643:S1'-NTUə(-NCx)(-Px)
2640:Present participle
2626:
2098:
1951:
900:
874:consonant gradation
650:
415:
3597:Bjarmian languages
2929:S1'-NTU(-Cx)(-Px)
2887:niimsiəm kotomundə
2848:
2753:
2668:Future participle
2624:
2096:
1949:
898:
869:in this position.
648:
413:
318:Samoyedic language
4273:
4272:
4257:extinct languages
4068:
4067:
3941:Northwestern Mari
3876:
3875:
3468:978-963-306-803-8
3426:978-90-04-38275-6
3381:978-1-315-62509-6
3286:(v1.0) . Zenodo.
2973:
2972:
2867:S1-MUN(-Cx)(-Px)
2846:
2845:
2842:"if I will kill"
2778:'having killed',
2751:
2750:
2727:S1-Məə(-NCx)(-Px)
2599:
2598:
2374:
2373:
2081:
2080:
2061:-KI-TƏ, ~KI-TI-"
1917:
1916:
1395:
1394:
1197:
1196:
1173:
1149:
1094:
1066:
1024:
982:
883:alternating with
796:
795:
646:
645:
524:
523:
370:
280:(formerly called
278:Nganasan language
274:
273:
256:rendering support
252:phonetic symbols.
4298:
4133:
4119:
3998:
3997:
3907:
3786:
3785:
3774:
3697:Siberian Finnish
3643:
3571:Uralic languages
3564:
3557:
3550:
3541:
3540:
3497:
3496:
3494:
3493:
3479:
3473:
3472:
3460:
3444:
3431:
3430:
3402:
3391:
3390:
3389:
3388:
3355:
3328:
3323:
3317:
3312:
3306:
3296:
3290:
3280:
3274:
3273:
3263:
3253:
3221:
3215:
3214:
3212:
3211:
3197:
3191:
3190:
3183:
3168:(Vol. 6). Brill.
3136:
2948:"when I killed"
2880:"worth killing"
2851:
2847:
2756:
2752:
2627:
2623:
2611:Aspect and tense
2409:singular object
2393:
2392:
2099:
2095:
1952:
1948:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1896:
1889:
1882:
1872:
1867:
1860:
1853:
1846:
1839:
1832:
1825:
1818:
1811:
1804:
1798:
1791:
1784:
1779:
1772:
1765:
1758:
1751:
1744:
1737:
1730:
1723:
1716:
1709:
1702:
1689:
1682:
1675:
1668:
1661:
1397:
1396:
1247:
1246:
1230:
1224:
1219:
1215:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1189:
1182:
1169:
1160:
1147:
1131:
1111:
1104:
1092:
1086:
1075:
1064:
1052:
1045:
1038:
1031:
1022:
1017:
1010:
1003:
996:
989:
980:
968:
961:
954:
947:
901:
897:
894:
890:
886:
882:
868:
864:
858:
854:
848:
844:
835:
831:
828:, and Unrounded
827:
823:
816:
812:
805:
801:
792:
785:
780:
775:
769:
762:
755:
748:
742:
733:
728:
720:
714:
701:
696:
690:
683:
677:
671:
665:
659:
651:
647:
642:
637:
632:
626:
619:
614:
609:
603:
596:
591:
586:
580:
573:
568:
563:
557:
551:High First Vowel
529:
528:
520:
515:
508:
496:
489:
482:
468:
461:
454:
447:
416:
414:Nganasan vowels
412:
375:
373:vadeyevsky govor
365:
363:
362:вадеевский говор
355:
349:
348:
334:Samoyedic branch
308:
307:
295:
294:
285:
284:
240:
228:
216:
195:
179:
172:
152:
101:
49:
37:
31:
30:
19:
18:
4306:
4305:
4301:
4300:
4299:
4297:
4296:
4295:
4276:
4275:
4274:
4269:
4268:
4243:
4237:Proto-Samoyedic
4205:
4173:
4127:
4113:
4064:
4020:Southern Khanty
4015:Northern Khanty
3996:
3978:
3945:
3917:
3897:
3895:Shoksha dialect
3872:
3836:
3775:
3766:
3721:Karelian proper
3637:
3582:
3573:
3568:
3506:
3501:
3500:
3491:
3489:
3481:
3480:
3476:
3469:
3445:
3434:
3427:
3403:
3394:
3386:
3384:
3382:
3356:
3331:
3324:
3320:
3313:
3309:
3299:Eugene Helimski
3297:
3293:
3281:
3277:
3236:(6): e0269648.
3222:
3218:
3209:
3207:
3199:
3198:
3194:
3185:
3184:
3180:
3175:
3133:
3111:, (1), 190-221.
3094:
3085:
3076:
3037:— "maybe", and
2999:
2983:
2978:
2957:S1'-NAKə(-Px2)
2918:koðaʔmuəntənunə
2896:kotumu(ng)ətənə
2824:"when killed',
2754:Verbal adverbs
2717:kotumətumaʔdʲəə
2622:
2613:
2604:
2387:
2379:
2086:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1240:The language's
1238:
915:
798:The sequences /
552:
408:
399:
382:
356:) and Vadeyev (
330:
322:Nganasan people
254:Without proper
242:
241:
231:
219:
191:
175:
168:
157:Cyrillic script
153:
148:
123:
102:
99:Language family
97:
88:
87:Native speakers
32:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4304:
4294:
4293:
4288:
4271:
4270:
4267:
4266:
4259:
4249:
4248:
4245:
4244:
4242:
4241:
4240:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4213:
4211:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4203:
4196:
4189:
4181:
4179:
4175:
4174:
4172:
4171:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4153:
4152:
4147:
4137:
4136:
4135:
4121:
4100:
4099:
4098:
4084:
4078:
4076:
4070:
4069:
4066:
4065:
4063:
4062:
4061:
4060:
4057:Southern Mansi
4053:
4046:
4039:
4037:Northern Mansi
4029:
4028:
4027:
4025:Eastern Khanty
4022:
4017:
4006:
4004:
3995:
3994:
3988:
3986:
3980:
3979:
3977:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3955:
3953:
3947:
3946:
3944:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3927:
3925:
3919:
3918:
3916:
3915:
3910:
3909:
3908:
3886:
3884:
3878:
3877:
3874:
3873:
3871:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3844:
3842:
3838:
3837:
3835:
3834:
3829:
3824:
3819:
3812:
3805:
3800:
3792:
3790:
3783:
3777:
3776:
3769:
3767:
3765:
3764:
3763:
3762:
3757:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3734:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3713:
3712:
3711:
3701:
3700:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3674:
3673:
3672:
3671:
3670:
3663:
3656:
3649:
3644:
3632:
3627:
3620:South Estonian
3617:
3612:
3600:
3592:
3590:
3584:
3583:
3578:
3575:
3574:
3567:
3566:
3559:
3552:
3544:
3538:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3505:
3504:External links
3502:
3499:
3498:
3474:
3467:
3432:
3425:
3392:
3380:
3329:
3318:
3307:
3305:" (in Russian)
3291:
3275:
3216:
3205:rosstat.gov.ru
3192:
3177:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3169:
3162:
3159:
3156:
3146:
3143:
3140:
3137:
3131:
3118:
3115:
3112:
3105:
3093:
3090:
3084:
3081:
3075:
3072:
3010:ńi-ndɨ-m konɨʔ
2998:
2995:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2971:
2970:
2958:
2955:
2951:
2950:
2942:"when killed"
2930:
2927:
2923:
2922:
2908:
2905:
2901:
2900:
2878:kotumunə hireə
2868:
2865:
2861:
2860:
2857:
2854:
2844:
2843:
2837:
2836:S1-HÜʔ-NÜ-Px2
2834:
2830:
2829:
2819:
2816:
2812:
2811:
2805:
2802:
2798:
2797:
2791:
2788:
2784:
2783:
2780:nʲisɪ̈ kotudʲa
2773:
2770:
2769:Verbal adverb
2766:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2749:
2748:
2742:
2739:
2735:
2734:
2728:
2725:
2721:
2720:
2714:
2711:
2707:
2706:
2700:
2697:
2693:
2692:
2686:
2683:
2679:
2678:
2672:
2669:
2665:
2664:
2658:
2655:
2651:
2650:
2644:
2641:
2637:
2636:
2633:
2630:
2621:
2618:
2612:
2609:
2603:
2600:
2597:
2596:
2593:
2590:
2587:
2584:
2581:
2577:
2576:
2573:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2561:
2557:
2556:
2553:
2550:
2547:
2544:
2541:
2537:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2527:
2524:
2521:
2517:
2516:
2513:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2497:
2496:
2493:
2490:
2487:
2484:
2481:
2477:
2476:
2473:
2470:
2467:
2464:
2461:
2457:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2447:
2444:
2441:
2437:
2436:
2433:
2430:
2427:
2424:
2421:
2417:
2416:
2415:plural object
2413:
2410:
2406:
2405:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2386:
2383:
2378:
2375:
2372:
2371:
2368:
2365:
2362:
2359:
2356:
2353:
2350:
2346:
2345:
2342:
2339:
2336:
2333:
2330:
2327:
2324:
2320:
2319:
2316:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2304:
2301:
2298:
2294:
2293:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2268:
2267:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2255:
2252:
2249:
2246:
2242:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2223:
2220:
2216:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2194:
2190:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2177:
2174:
2171:
2168:
2164:
2163:
2160:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2142:
2138:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2105:Nom, Gen, Acc
2102:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2047:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2031:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2015:
2014:
2011:
2008:
2005:
1999:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1983:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1897:
1890:
1883:
1876:
1873:
1868:
1861:
1854:
1847:
1840:
1833:
1826:
1819:
1812:
1805:
1792:
1785:
1780:
1773:
1766:
1759:
1752:
1745:
1738:
1731:
1724:
1717:
1710:
1703:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1683:
1676:
1669:
1662:
1654:
1653:
1645:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1620:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1608:
1605:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1584:
1581:
1578:
1575:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1533:
1529:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1496:
1493:
1490:
1487:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1473:
1470:
1467:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1429:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1408:
1404:
1403:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1378:
1375:
1372:
1369:
1365:
1364:
1361:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1332:
1329:
1326:
1323:
1317:
1314:
1308:
1304:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1289:
1286:
1283:
1277:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1232:
1226:
1220:
1211:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1183:
1176:
1174:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1161:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1132:
1125:
1123:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1105:
1098:
1096:
1088:
1087:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1069:
1067:
1062:
1056:
1055:
1053:
1046:
1039:
1032:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1011:
1004:
997:
990:
983:
978:
972:
971:
969:
962:
955:
948:
941:
935:
934:
929:
924:
919:
909:
904:
794:
793:
788:
786:
781:
776:
771:
764:
763:
758:
756:
751:
749:
744:
737:
736:
734:
729:
724:
721:
716:
709:
708:
706:
704:
702:
697:
692:
685:
684:
678:
672:
666:
660:
654:
644:
643:
638:
633:
628:
621:
620:
615:
610:
605:
598:
597:
592:
587:
582:
575:
574:
569:
564:
559:
553:
550:
547:
546:
543:
540:
536:
535:
532:
522:
521:
516:
509:
504:
498:
497:
490:
483:
476:
470:
469:
462:
455:
448:
441:
435:
434:
429:
424:
419:
407:
404:
398:
395:
381:
378:
347:авамский говор
329:
328:Classification
326:
320:spoken by the
272:
271:
258:, you may see
244:
243:
230:
229:
221:
220:
217:
209:
208:
203:
197:
196:
189:
181:
180:
173:
165:
164:
163:Language codes
160:
159:
154:
150:Writing system
147:
144:
143:
142:
141:
136:
129:
125:
124:
122:
121:
120:
119:
105:
103:
96:
93:
92:
89:
86:
83:
82:
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
55:
54:Native to
51:
50:
47:[nʲaʔ]
43:
39:
38:
24:
23:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4303:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4283:
4281:
4264:
4260:
4258:
4254:
4251:
4250:
4246:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4220:
4219:
4218:
4215:
4214:
4212:
4210:Reconstructed
4208:
4202:
4201:
4197:
4195:
4194:
4190:
4188:
4187:
4183:
4182:
4180:
4176:
4170:
4169:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4151:
4150:Tundra Nenets
4148:
4146:
4145:Forest Nenets
4143:
4142:
4141:
4138:
4134:
4131:
4126:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4112:
4108:
4107:
4106:
4105:
4101:
4097:
4096:
4092:
4091:
4090:
4089:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4079:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4059:
4058:
4054:
4052:
4051:
4050:Eastern Mansi
4047:
4045:
4044:
4043:Western Mansi
4040:
4038:
4035:
4034:
4033:
4030:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4012:
4011:
4008:
4007:
4005:
4003:
3999:
3993:
3990:
3989:
3987:
3985:
3981:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3956:
3954:
3952:
3948:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3924:
3920:
3914:
3911:
3905:
3901:
3896:
3893:
3892:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3885:
3883:
3879:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3845:
3843:
3839:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3817:
3813:
3811:
3810:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3798:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3787:
3784:
3782:
3778:
3773:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3755:
3751:
3750:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3718:
3717:
3714:
3710:
3707:
3706:
3705:
3702:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3679:
3678:
3675:
3669:
3668:
3664:
3662:
3661:
3657:
3655:
3654:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3641:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3622:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3610:
3609:Laiuse Romani
3606:
3605:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3598:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3589:
3585:
3581:
3576:
3572:
3565:
3560:
3558:
3553:
3551:
3546:
3545:
3542:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3507:
3488:
3484:
3478:
3470:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3450:
3443:
3441:
3439:
3437:
3428:
3422:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3409:
3401:
3399:
3397:
3383:
3377:
3373:
3369:
3365:
3361:
3354:
3352:
3350:
3348:
3346:
3344:
3342:
3340:
3338:
3336:
3334:
3327:
3322:
3316:
3311:
3304:
3300:
3295:
3289:
3285:
3279:
3271:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3243:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3227:
3220:
3206:
3202:
3196:
3188:
3182:
3178:
3167:
3163:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3154:963-482-588-5
3151:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3134:
3132:3-925500-00-6
3128:
3124:
3119:
3116:
3113:
3110:
3106:
3104:
3103:9789027268648
3100:
3096:
3095:
3089:
3080:
3074:Subordination
3071:
3069:
3068:
3063:
3062:
3057:
3056:
3050:
3048:
3047:
3042:
3041:
3036:
3035:
3030:
3029:
3024:
3023:
3018:
3017:
3012:
3011:
3006:
3005:
2994:
2991:
2987:
2969:
2967:
2962:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2934:
2931:
2928:
2925:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2912:
2909:
2906:
2903:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2863:
2862:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2852:
2849:Verbal nouns
2841:
2838:
2835:
2832:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2820:
2817:
2814:
2813:
2809:
2806:
2804:S1-HÜʔ(-Px4)
2803:
2800:
2799:
2795:
2792:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2774:
2771:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2757:
2746:
2743:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2732:
2729:
2726:
2723:
2722:
2718:
2715:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2704:
2701:
2698:
2695:
2694:
2690:
2689:koðuʔsutədʲəə
2687:
2684:
2681:
2680:
2676:
2673:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2662:
2659:
2656:
2653:
2652:
2648:
2645:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2617:
2608:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2558:
2554:
2551:
2548:
2545:
2542:
2539:
2538:
2534:
2531:
2528:
2525:
2522:
2519:
2518:
2514:
2511:
2508:
2505:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2494:
2491:
2488:
2485:
2482:
2479:
2478:
2474:
2471:
2468:
2465:
2462:
2459:
2458:
2454:
2451:
2448:
2445:
2442:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2431:
2428:
2425:
2422:
2419:
2418:
2414:
2411:
2408:
2407:
2394:
2391:
2382:
2369:
2366:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2354:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2343:
2340:
2337:
2334:
2331:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2314:
2311:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2299:
2296:
2295:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2270:
2269:
2265:
2262:
2259:
2256:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2239:
2236:
2233:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2221:
2218:
2217:
2213:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2184:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2166:
2165:
2161:
2158:
2155:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2100:
2094:
2092:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2060:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2016:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1984:
1980:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1953:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1910:
1905:
1902:
1898:
1895:
1891:
1888:
1884:
1881:
1877:
1874:
1869:
1866:
1862:
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1852:
1848:
1845:
1841:
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1834:
1831:
1827:
1824:
1820:
1817:
1813:
1810:
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1786:
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1778:
1774:
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1725:
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1708:
1704:
1701:
1697:
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1691:
1688:
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1677:
1674:
1670:
1667:
1663:
1660:
1656:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1646:
1642:
1639:
1636:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1567:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1531:
1530:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1457:
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1451:
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1445:
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1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
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1415:
1412:
1409:
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1405:
1402:
1398:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1301:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1274:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1227:
1221:
1212:
1199:
1198:
1193:
1191:
1188:
1184:
1181:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1146:
1144:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1099:
1097:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1081:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1070:
1068:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1047:
1044:
1040:
1037:
1033:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1012:
1009:
1005:
1002:
998:
995:
991:
988:
984:
979:
977:
970:
967:
963:
960:
956:
953:
949:
946:
942:
940:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
913:
910:
908:
905:
902:
896:
893:/mb,nd,ŋg,ɲɟ/
889:/ŋh,nt,ŋk,ns/
879:
875:
870:
860:
850:
840:
837:
818:
807:
789:
787:
782:
777:
772:
766:
765:
759:
757:
752:
750:
745:
739:
738:
735:
730:
725:
722:
717:
711:
710:
707:
705:
703:
698:
693:
687:
686:
679:
673:
667:
661:
655:
653:
652:
639:
634:
629:
623:
622:
616:
611:
606:
600:
599:
593:
588:
583:
577:
576:
570:
565:
560:
554:
548:
544:
541:
538:
537:
534:Second Vowel
530:
527:
517:
514:
510:
503:
500:
499:
495:
491:
488:
484:
481:
475:
472:
471:
467:
463:
460:
456:
453:
449:
446:
442:
440:
437:
436:
433:
430:
428:
425:
423:
418:
417:
411:
403:
394:
390:
386:
377:
374:
368:
359:
354:
353:avamsky govor
343:
339:
335:
325:
323:
319:
316:
312:
303:
299:
289:
279:
269:
265:
261:
257:
253:
251:
245:
238:
235:
227:
222:
215:
210:
207:
204:
202:
198:
194:
190:
188:
187:
182:
178:
174:
171:
166:
161:
158:
155:
151:
145:
140:
137:
135:
132:
131:
130:
126:
118:
115:
114:
113:
110:
109:
108:
104:
100:
94:
90:
84:
81:(2010 census)
80:
76:
72:
69:
66:
62:
59:
56:
52:
48:
44:
42:Pronunciation
40:
36:
25:
20:
4252:
4227:Proto-Finnic
4217:Proto-Uralic
4198:
4191:
4184:
4166:
4156:
4123:
4109:
4102:
4093:
4086:
4055:
4048:
4041:
3969:Komi-Permyak
3841:Western Sámi
3814:
3807:
3795:
3789:Eastern Sámi
3752:
3665:
3658:
3651:
3607:
3595:
3490:. Retrieved
3487:omniglot.com
3486:
3477:
3448:
3407:
3385:, retrieved
3363:
3321:
3310:
3294:
3283:
3278:
3233:
3229:
3219:
3208:. Retrieved
3204:
3195:
3181:
3165:
3122:
3108:
3086:
3083:Coordination
3077:
3066:
3065:
3060:
3059:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3045:
3044:
3039:
3038:
3033:
3032:
3031:— "vainly",
3027:
3026:
3025:— "nearly",
3021:
3020:
3015:
3014:
3009:
3008:
3003:
3002:
3000:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2945:
2944:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2932:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2910:
2895:
2892:
2891:
2886:
2883:
2882:
2877:
2874:
2873:
2870:
2839:
2825:
2821:
2807:
2793:
2779:
2775:
2744:
2730:
2716:
2703:kotumətumaʔa
2702:
2688:
2674:
2661:kotudʲüədʲəə
2660:
2646:
2625:Participles
2614:
2605:
2412:dual object
2388:
2380:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2090:
2087:
1944:possessivity
1933:
1649:
1239:
871:
861:
851:
841:
838:
819:
808:
797:
525:
409:
400:
391:
387:
383:
331:
310:
297:
287:
277:
275:
247:
184:
116:
4193:Meshcherian
4128: [
4114: [
3936:Meadow Mari
3898: [
3638: [
3535:Nganasanica
2946:koðutundənə
2745:kotuməədʲəə
2404:Objectless
2398:Subjective
2385:Conjugation
1236:Orthography
1143:Approximant
832:vs Rounded
809:The vowels
262:instead of
4280:Categories
4232:Proto-Sámi
3964:Komi-Yazva
3492:2022-10-03
3387:2023-09-25
3360:"Nganasan"
3210:2023-01-03
3092:Literature
3019:, such as
2981:Word order
2966:kotunagətu
2856:Formation
2840:kotubününə
2826:kotubüʔəmə
2790:S1-KAJ-SA
2761:Formation
2632:Formation
2589:-kəi-j-tuŋ
2549:-kəi-j-nuʔ
2475:-ʔ or -tə
2401:Objective
2364:namənunduŋ
2361:nagətənduŋ
2338:namənunduʔ
2335:nagətənduʔ
1987:Accusative
1971:Nominative
1925:Morphology
283:тавгийский
4263:varieties
4255:indicate
4074:Samoyedic
3992:Hungarian
3931:Hill Mari
3882:Mordvinic
3754:Krevinian
3692:Meänkieli
3682:Fingelska
3411:. BRILL.
2940:koðutundə
2915:sLoc + s1
2893:sEla + s1
2794:kotugasʲa
2733:"killed"
2675:koðuʔsutə
2569:-kəi-j-tu
2529:-kəi-j-ti
2509:-kəi-j-ti
2489:-kəi-j-ni
2469:-kəi-j-tu
2449:-kəi-j-tə
2429:-kəi-j-nə
2370:ŋonəntuŋ
2367:sɨlʲiatɨŋ
2344:ŋonəntuʔ
2341:tɨlʲiatiʔ
2315:mɨlʲianɨʔ
2312:namənunuʔ
2309:nagətənuʔ
2286:namənundi
2283:nagətəndi
2260:namənundi
2257:nagətəndi
2208:namənuntu
2182:namənuntə
2125:Prolative
2077:-"-MƏ-NU
2067:Prolative
1957:Singular
1060:Fricative
981:voiceless
885:/b,d,g,ɟ/
881:/h,t,k,s/
406:Phonology
367:romanized
288:tavgiysky
186:Glottolog
170:ISO 639-3
112:Samoyedic
79:Nganasans
74:Ethnicity
4222:homeland
4200:Muromian
4157:Nganasan
4002:Ob-Ugric
3863:Southern
3853:Northern
3738:Livonian
3716:Karelian
3603:Estonian
3270:35675367
3230:PLOS ONE
3061:d'anguj-
2997:Negation
2961:kotunakə
2859:Example
2822:kotubüʔə
2764:Example
2635:Example
2358:nanuntuŋ
2332:nanuntuʔ
2318:ŋonənuʔ
2292:ŋonənti
2289:sɨlʲiati
2266:ŋonənti
2263:tɨlʲiati
2237:mɨlʲiani
2234:namənuni
2231:nagətəni
2214:ŋonəntu
2211:sɨlʲiatɨ
2205:nagətətu
2188:ŋonəntə
2185:tɨlʲiatə
2179:nagətətə
2159:mɨlʲianə
2156:namənunə
2153:nagətənə
2115:Locative
2084:Pronouns
2051:Ablative
2045:-NTI-NU
2035:Locative
2007:Ø ~ (-Ŋ)
2003:Genitive
1991:Ø ~ (-M)
1242:Cyrillic
1093:sibilant
917:Alveolar
907:Bilabial
878:phonemes
824:vs Back
344:, Avam (
342:dialects
315:moribund
302:ethnonym
268:Help:IPA
206:Nganasan
193:ngan1291
128:Dialects
117:Nganasan
22:Nganasan
4253:Italics
4125:Karagas
3760:Kukkuzi
3704:Ingrian
3677:Finnish
3660:Kraasna
3261:9176854
3238:Bibcode
3088:1973).
2954:Supine
2808:kotubüʔ
2776:kotudʲa
2731:kotuməə
2647:koðutuə
2306:nanunuʔ
2280:nanunti
2254:nanunti
2240:ŋonəni
2202:nanuntu
2176:nanuntə
2162:ŋonənə
2120:Elative
2039:-NTƏ-NU
2029:-NTI-"
1920:Grammar
1171:lateral
1148:central
976:Plosive
932:Glottal
922:Palatal
830:/ⁱaeiɨ/
822:/ⁱaeiy/
802:/ and /
427:Central
369::
358:Russian
336:of the
313:) is a
264:Unicode
139:Vadeyev
4178:Others
4168:Yurats
4162:Selkup
4140:Nenets
4095:Koibal
4010:Khanty
3974:Udmurt
3951:Permic
3913:Moksha
3822:Kildin
3809:Kainuu
3797:Akkala
3588:Finnic
3465:
3423:
3378:
3268:
3258:
3152:
3129:
3101:
3067:D'aŋku
3055:d'aŋku
2976:Syntax
2933:koðutu
2871:kotumu
2772:S1-SA
2595:-ntəʔ
2592:-j-tuŋ
2575:-ntuʔ
2552:-j-nuʔ
2355:nanduŋ
2329:nanduʔ
2228:nanuni
2150:nanunə
2110:Lative
2071:-MƏ-NU
2055:-KƏ-TƏ
2019:Dative
1964:Plural
1936:number
1121:Rhotic
1023:voiced
912:Dental
834:/aoyu/
826:/aoɨu/
239:(2010)
234:UNESCO
107:Uralic
64:Region
58:Russia
4186:Merya
4132:]
4118:]
4111:Taygi
4104:Mator
4088:Kamas
4082:Enets
4032:Mansi
3984:Ugric
3906:]
3890:Erzya
3827:Skolt
3803:Inari
3748:Votic
3731:Ludic
3726:Livvi
3667:Leivu
3653:Ludza
3647:Tartu
3642:]
3635:Mulgi
3173:Notes
3040:ŋuəli
2572:-j-tu
2555:-nuʔ
2535:-nti
2532:-j-ti
2515:-nti
2512:-j-ti
2492:-j-ni
2472:-j-tu
2452:-j-tə
2432:-j-nə
2377:Verbs
2352:sɨtɨŋ
2303:nanuʔ
2277:nandi
2251:nandi
2199:nantu
2173:nantə
1960:Dual
1930:Nouns
1065:plain
939:Nasal
927:Velar
891:with
847:/eiy/
843:/əɨu/
439:Close
422:Front
397:Media
311:tavgi
306:тавги
290:, or
3959:Komi
3923:Mari
3858:Pite
3848:Lule
3816:Kemi
3781:Sámi
3743:Veps
3687:Kven
3630:Võro
3625:Seto
3463:ISBN
3421:ISBN
3376:ISBN
3266:PMID
3150:ISBN
3127:ISBN
3099:ISBN
3028:ləði
3022:kasa
2937:sLat
2884:sLat
2602:Mood
2586:-tuŋ
2580:3Pl
2566:-ruʔ
2563:-ruʔ
2560:2Pl
2546:-muʔ
2543:-muʔ
2540:1Pl
2523:-kəj
2520:3Du
2500:2Du
2495:-ni
2480:1Du
2460:3Sg
2440:2Sg
2435:-nə
2420:1Sg
2349:Pl3
2323:Pl2
2297:Pl1
2274:sɨti
2271:Du3
2245:Du2
2225:nani
2219:Du1
2196:sɨtɨ
2193:Sg3
2170:tənə
2167:Sg2
2147:nanə
2144:mənə
2141:Sg1
2023:-NTƏ
1978:-KƏJ
1940:case
1389:Я я
1386:Ю ю
1377:Э э
1374:Ь ь
1371:Ы ы
1368:Ъ ъ
1363:Щ щ
1360:Ш ш
1357:Ч ч
1354:Ц ц
1351:Х х
1348:Ф ф
1339:У у
1334:Т т
1331:С с
1328:Р р
1325:П п
1316:О о
1307:Н н
1302:М м
1299:Л л
1296:К к
1288:Й й
1285:И и
1276:З з
1271:Ж ж
1268:Ё ё
1265:Е е
1262:Д д
1259:Г г
1256:В в
1253:Б б
1250:А а
1207:and
853:/ⁱa/
813:and
545:Low
539:High
502:Open
432:Back
276:The
134:Avam
77:860
35:njaʔ
3868:Ume
3832:Ter
3453:doi
3413:doi
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