156:) studies initiated in 2014 to explore concepts for air superiority systems of the 2030s for the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Navy. DARPA had completed its Air Dominance Initiative study in March 2014 and based on the results, the Department of Defense acquisition chief Frank Kendall launched the Aerospace Innovation Initiative (AII) in 2015 to develop
140:'s Air Dominance Initiative study in 2014, and is expected to field the new fighter aircraft in the 2030s. While originally pitched as a joint Air Force-Navy program, the two services eventually established separate offices and programs. Despite sharing the same name, the Air Force's NGAD effort is distinct from the Navy's, which has the
250:
In FY2023 budget request, the Air Force allocated a total of $ 1.66 billion for the NGAD program. Further financial commitments are projected, with an estimated additional expenditure of $ 11.7 billion earmarked for the years spanning from FY2024 to FY2027. The cost of each plane was not disclosed by
264:
SMG Consulting shared an infographic on the program, showing dimensions, cost, and combat radius, based on the
Lockheed Martin 6th generation fighter artist impressions. On 30 July 2024, the Secretary of the Air Force temporarily placed the NGAD design effort on hold to further study design choices
233:
As reported by
Breaking Defense, In July 2024, Secretary of the Airforce Frank Kendall announced that the Airforce was "taking a pause" on the crewed component of the NGAD program. “With the platform itself, we’re taking a pause. With the rest of the elements of the air dominance family of systems,
229:
On 27 July 2023, Kathy Warden, CEO and
President of Northrop Grumman, confirmed that the company notified the U.S. Air Force that it would not bid as a prime contractor for the program, leaving Boeing and Lockheed Martin as the probable two remaining contenders for the main manned fighter component
189:
theater of operations, where current USAF fighters lack sufficient range and payload. USAF commanders have noted that there may be two variants of NGAD: one with long range and payload for the Indo-Pacific and one more oriented to the relatively short ranges between possible battle areas in Europe.
237:
Airforce veterans and industry experts have expressed concern with the idea that the B-21 Raider would be able to penetrate a hostile IADS without support from a crewed 6th-gen NGAD fighter. In 'Episode 196 – What’s Up With NGAD?' on The
Aerospace Advantage podcast by the Mitchell Institute, John
225:
In June 2022, the USAF determined that critical technologies were ready to support the program for
Engineering and Manufacturing Development (EMD). According to Roper, the first full-scale technology demonstrator prototype of the NGAD crewed fighter aircraft from the AII X-plane program had been
221:
stated that the NGAD will start replacing the F-22 once it is operational in sufficient quantity, with the fielding goal in the 2030s. The F-22 has also been used to test NGAD technology and some advances are expected to be applied to the F-22 as well. The complexity and sophistication of modern
241:
On
September 4th, 2024, Air Force Vice Chief of Staff Gen. James Slife reiterated the Airforce's decision to pause the PCA component of the NGAD program, stating that they were "starting at the beginning" with regards to the requirements, according to reporting by The Warzone. "I know what the
160:
prototypes to demonstrate technology for future fighter aircraft. In 2016, the USAF followed up the DARPA studies with the Air
Superiority 2030 (AS 2030) flight plan, but while the plan stated the need for a family of systems, it was still focused on a specific member of the family called the
180:
While NGAD increased its scope from a single platform to a "family of systems", a crewed fighter aircraft is the centerpiece of the program. It will be supported by a variety of complementing "manned, unmanned, optionally manned, cyber, electronic" systems, which are likely to be uncrewed
164:
The NGAD program's overarching aim is to develop key technologies that would provide the Air Force with air dominance. These technologies revolve around several areas such as propulsion, stealth, advanced weapons, digital design
867:
238:'JV' Venable, Airforce veteran and Senior Resident Fellow at the Mitchell Institute, argued "this idea that you don't need someone going in and sweeping out the threat in front of a B 21 is absolutely catastrophic."
646:
242:
mission that we have to get done is, but I don’t know that we need to build an airplane to do the mission," said Gen. Slife, referencing the NGAD's status as a system of systems rather than a single crewed fighter.
1025:
206:
798:
161:
Penetrating
Counter-Air (PCA). In 2018, AS 2030 evolved into the NGAD and expanded its focus from a single addition towards a suite of capabilities and was envisioned to be a "family of systems".
741:
2289:
859:
539:
909:
1168:
932:
844:
710:
638:
623:
1085:
600:
561:
955:
978:
821:
1018:
448:
173:
by the separation of design, production, and support functions in the development process with a $ 9 billion budget through 2025. More frequent industry competitions and
1191:
1116:
2294:
226:
flown in 2020, and by 2023, three separate prototypes had flown. The formal solicitation was announced in May 2023, with the goal of source selection in 2024.
470:
222:
aircraft design, however, eventually caused the "Digital
Century Series" to be abandoned in favor of a more traditional development and procurement approach.
790:
516:
1205:
234:
we’re moving forward as fast as we can.” Kendall also expressed confidence that the
Airforce was "still going to do a sixth-generation crewed aircraft."
1138:
733:
775:
901:
185:(CCA) to carry extra munitions and perform other missions. In particular, NGAD aims to develop a system that addresses the operation needs of the
1051:
615:
1077:
531:
214:
261:
In 2023, the Air Force projected approximately 200 manned NGAD fighters, although this is a notional figure for rough planning assumptions.
213:, fighter designs would be continually iterated to enable the rapid insertion of new technology and procured in small batches. In May 2021,
924:
836:
702:
592:
553:
1236:
947:
970:
674:
993:
19:
For the US Navy's own distinct sixth-generation air superiority fighter program, also called Next Generation Air Dominance, see
440:
201:
The crewed fighter component of the NGAD was briefly envisioned to follow the rapid development and procurement cycles of the "
1183:
1108:
813:
195:
1285:
1160:
77:
508:
1373:
1335:
688:
2196:
1452:
1280:
1229:
1498:
1432:
334:
To verbally distinguish between the two programs and their spoken acronyms, the Air Force NGAD is pronounced
182:
126:
1493:
1414:
882:
198:(AETP) and Next Generation Adaptive Propulsion (NGAP) program, with flight ready engines expected by 2025.
1898:
1869:
1804:
1368:
286:
107:
1330:
252:
2299:
1483:
1447:
1222:
413:
767:
2097:
2026:
1979:
1503:
1391:
274:
103:
860:"The US Air Force has built and flown a mysterious full-scale prototype of its future fighter jet"
2188:
2107:
2036:
1989:
1942:
1851:
1814:
1781:
1737:
1604:
1534:
1457:
1424:
111:
99:
54:
44:
106:
air superiority initiative with a goal of fielding a "family of systems" that is to succeed the
1750:
1704:
1542:
1513:
1467:
1345:
2075:
1843:
1773:
1653:
1462:
1437:
1320:
1272:
191:
639:"How two F-16s from the US Air Force's 'boneyard' will find a second life as digital models"
574:
Albon, Courtney. "Air Force Extends AOA for NGAD, Moves Away from Single Fighter Platform."
1671:
1325:
218:
170:
169:-based engineering), and thermal management of the aircraft signature. The program changes
1019:"The Aerospace Advantage Podcast – Ep. 196 – What's Up with NGAD? The Stakes – Transcript"
8:
1822:
1786:
1409:
1340:
1290:
666:
1442:
1310:
1255:
1214:
177:
in the design and manufacturing process are characteristic of the development program.
2304:
2230:
1052:"Air Force "Starting At The Beginning" With NGAD 6th Gen Fighter Requirements Review"
490:
255:
2251:
2222:
2170:
2141:
2089:
2018:
1971:
1919:
1890:
1861:
1796:
1681:
1563:
1360:
1246:
366:
337:
157:
2149:
2049:
1997:
1932:
1709:
1661:
1617:
1383:
616:"Digital Design Revolution Key To All Domain Ops: Air & Space Officials Say"
2259:
2120:
2115:
2081:
2054:
2044:
1727:
1694:
1576:
1488:
1350:
1315:
1109:"Kendall Reveals New Details on Air Force Plans: 1,000 CCAs, 200 NGAD Fighters"
298:
202:
141:
81:
20:
205:" fighter aircraft of the 1950s and 1960s; dubbed "Digital Century Series" by
2283:
1622:
948:"NGAD Deadline: Air Force's next-generation fighter will be selected in 2024"
144:
as its crewed fighter component and would have a similar fielding timeframe.
130:
1745:
1699:
1689:
1666:
1612:
1571:
186:
734:"Air Force 'Digital Century Series' Acquisition Concept Nearing Milestone"
2264:
2178:
1950:
1300:
1295:
925:"Kendall Dispenses With Roper's Quick NGAD Rhythm; System is Too Complex"
579:
2201:
1627:
554:"Introduction to the Air Force's Next Generation Air Dominance Program"
310:
210:
174:
123:
1161:"New Next Generation Air Dominance 'Fighter' Renderings From Lockheed"
902:"The Air Force's next-gen fighter has moved into a critical new phase"
837:"F-22 Being Used To Test Next Generation Air Dominance 'Fighter' Tech"
1594:
1927:
1078:"Future NGAD fighter jets could cost 'hundreds of millions' apiece"
532:"The Nearly Decade-long Story That Led To NGAD Flight Demonstrator"
471:
Department of the Air Force Acquisition Biennial Report 2019 + 2020
152:
The NGAD originated from Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (
114:
is the centerpiece program of NGAD and has been referred to as the
593:"Air Force Next Generation Air Dominance Program: An Introduction"
814:"New Force Design: NGAD Needed Soon, F-22 Sunset Begins in 2030"
578:, vol. 29, no. 38, Inside Washington Publishers, 2018, pp. 3–4,
491:
Air Force Next-Generation Air Dominance Program: An Introduction
258:, but is expected to be in the "multiple hundreds of millions."
1719:
1586:
1401:
883:"Kendall Reveals Secret X-Plane Program Paved the Way for NGAD"
994:"Air Force 'taking a pause' on NGAD next-gen fighter: Kendall"
1632:
153:
137:
791:"Budget Shows Flightworthy Sixth-Generation Fighter Engines"
689:"The Air Force Digital Century Series: Beyond the Buzzwords"
2290:
Military aircraft procurement programs of the United States
1305:
372:
343:
496:(Report). Congressional Research Service. 2020. p. 1.
378:
441:"The Air Force Is Planning For a Future Without the F-22"
381:
352:
349:
166:
1244:
1184:"Northrop not competing for NGAD sixth-gen fighter: CEO"
463:
375:
346:
133:
platforms, through manned-unmanned teaming (MUM-T).
971:"Northrop Grumman Powers On B-21; Won't Bid On NGAD"
384:
355:
1159:Newdick, Thomas; Rogoway, Tyler (26 October 2022).
369:
340:
303:
291:
279:
665:Gertler, Jeremiah; Hoehn, John R. (23 June 2022).
1206:(30 Jul 2024) "USAF puts 6th-gen fighter on hold"
703:"Air Force's NGAD Program 'Progressing Per Plan'"
667:"Air Force Next-Generation Air Dominance Program"
2281:
2295:Proposed military aircraft of the United States
1182:Mehta, Aaron; Marrow, Michael (27 July 2023).
1158:
439:Copp, Tara; Weisgerber, Marcus (12 May 2021).
438:
1230:
761:
759:
664:
16:American sixth-generation fighter initiative
1181:
476:(Report). U.S. Air Force. 2021. p. 55.
1237:
1223:
1049:
509:"Kendall Unveils 6th Gen Fighter Strategy"
968:
768:"Brown: NGAD Will be a Multirole Fighter"
756:
414:"CSAF: F-22 Not in USAF's Long-Term Plan"
1198:
731:
613:
2250:
2221:
2140:
1889:
1050:Trevithick, Joseph (4 September 2024).
870:from the original on 15 September 2020.
857:
834:
788:
778:from the original on 28 September 2023.
636:
529:
2282:
1119:from the original on 20 September 2023
1106:
991:
958:from the original on 28 December 2023.
945:
922:
880:
858:Insinna, Valerie (15 September 2020).
847:from the original on 19 November 2023.
824:from the original on 26 February 2023.
811:
801:from the original on 16 December 2022.
765:
700:
677:from the original on 22 December 2023.
451:from the original on 25 September 2023
1218:
1075:
1031:from the original on 4 September 2024
912:from the original on 6 December 2022.
899:
660:
658:
656:
542:from the original on 31 October 2020.
506:
691:. CSIS.org. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
626:from the original on 4 January 2024.
603:from the original on 9 October 2020.
585:
564:from the original on 9 October 2020.
530:Trimble, Steve (21 September 2020).
519:from the original on 4 January 2024.
485:
483:
207:Assistant Secretary of the Air Force
190:The fighter is expected to leverage
31:Next Generation Air Dominance (NGAD)
1533:
1171:from the original on 27 April 2023.
935:from the original on 28 April 2023.
78:Next Generation Adaptive Propulsion
13:
1194:from the original on 27 July 2023.
1088:from the original on 29 April 2022
981:from the original on 28 July 2023.
653:
649:from the original on 11 July 2021.
287:Global Combat Air Programme (GCAP)
196:Adaptive Engine Transition Program
124:and is to be supported by uncrewed
14:
2316:
1374:Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II
1336:McDonnell Douglas A-12 Avenger II
881:Tirpak, John (14 November 2023).
701:Harper, Jon (21 September 2021).
687:Morgan Dwyer. (8 November 2019).
614:Hitchens, Theresa (9 July 2021).
480:
171:traditional Air Force acquisition
1107:Tirpak, John A. (7 March 2023).
1076:Losey, Stephen (28 April 2022).
992:Marrow, Michael (30 July 2024).
923:Tirpak, John A. (24 June 2022).
835:Rogoway, Tyler (25 April 2022).
789:Trimble, Steven (31 July 2020).
766:Tirpak, John A. (16 June 2021).
744:from the original on 31 May 2023
732:Mayfield, Mandy (14 July 2020).
713:from the original on 30 May 2023
637:Insinna, Valerie (9 July 2021).
507:Mehta, Aaron (1 February 2015).
392:(the "G" pronounced like a "j").
365:
363:, while Navy NGAD is pronounced
336:
1453:Lockheed Martin RQ-170 Sentinel
1286:Boeing–Sikorsky RAH-66 Comanche
1175:
1152:
1139:"Next Generation Air Dominance"
1131:
1100:
1069:
1043:
1011:
985:
969:Biesecker, Cal (27 July 2023).
962:
946:Marrow, Michael (18 May 2023).
939:
916:
893:
887:Air & Space Forces Magazine
874:
851:
828:
812:Tirpak, John A. (13 May 2021).
805:
782:
725:
694:
681:
630:
607:
275:Future Combat Air System (FCAS)
1281:Boeing Model 853-21 Quiet Bird
900:Losey, Stephen (1 June 2022).
671:Congressional Research Service
568:
546:
523:
500:
432:
406:
328:
245:
1:
1509:Next Generation Air Dominance
1499:Light Helicopter Experimental
1433:General Atomics MQ-20 Avenger
1113:Air and Space Forces Magazine
316:
183:collaborative combat aircraft
127:collaborative combat aircraft
92:Next Generation Air Dominance
1415:Northrop Grumman B-21 Raider
399:
292:Italy, Japan, United Kingdom
7:
1899:Global Combat Air Programme
1870:Global Combat Air Programme
1805:Global Combat Air Programme
1369:Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor
268:
265:ahead of source selection.
108:Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor
10:
2321:
1331:Lockheed Martin X-44 MANTA
253:Secretary of the Air Force
215:chief of staff of the USAF
194:being developed under the
147:
18:
2243:
2214:
2187:
2169:
2162:
2133:
2106:
2088:
2074:
2067:
2035:
2017:
2010:
1988:
1970:
1963:
1941:
1918:
1911:
1882:
1860:
1842:
1835:
1813:
1795:
1772:
1763:
1736:
1718:
1680:
1652:
1645:
1603:
1585:
1562:
1555:
1526:
1484:Advanced Tactical Fighter
1476:
1448:Lockheed Martin Sea Ghost
1423:
1400:
1382:
1359:
1271:
1262:
1253:
738:National Defense Magazine
707:National Defense Magazine
136:The NGAD originates from
73:
65:
60:
50:
40:
35:
30:
2098:Future Combat Air System
2027:Future Combat Air System
1980:Future Combat Air System
1504:Long Range Strike Bomber
1392:Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk
582:Retrieved 10 March 2022.
321:
1852:Mitsubishi X-2 Shinshin
1782:British Aerospace P.125
1458:Northrop Grumman RQ-180
116:Penetrating Counter-Air
100:United States Air Force
55:United States Air Force
45:Air superiority fighter
1751:Sukhoi S-70 Okhotnik-B
1705:Sukhoi Su-75 Checkmate
1543:Boeing MQ-28 Ghost Bat
1514:Next-Generation Bomber
1468:General Atomics XQ-67A
1346:Northrop Grumman X-47B
280:Spain, Germany, France
192:adaptive cycle engines
1463:Kratos XQ-58 Valkyrie
1438:Boeing MQ-25 Stingray
1321:Lockheed Martin FB-22
1672:Mikoyan Project 1.44
1494:Joint Strike Fighter
1326:Lockheed Martin X-35
1245:Countries producing
597:U.S. Naval Institute
576:Inside the Air Force
558:U.S. Naval Institute
2197:Bayraktar Kızılelma
1823:BAE Systems Taranis
1787:BAE Systems Replica
1410:Northrop B-2 Spirit
1341:Northrop Tacit Blue
1291:Boeing Bird of Prey
36:General information
1623:CAIG Wing Loong-10
1443:Boeing Phantom Ray
1311:Lockheed Have Blue
1256:Stealth technology
929:Air Force Magazine
818:Air Force Magazine
772:Air Force Magazine
599:. 5 October 2020.
560:. 6 October 2020.
418:Air Force Magazine
2277:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2239:
2238:
2231:KAI KF-21 Boramae
2210:
2209:
2158:
2157:
2129:
2128:
2063:
2062:
2006:
2005:
1959:
1958:
1907:
1906:
1878:
1877:
1831:
1830:
1759:
1758:
1641:
1640:
1551:
1550:
1522:
1521:
88:
87:
2312:
2300:Stealth aircraft
2248:
2247:
2219:
2218:
2167:
2166:
2138:
2137:
2072:
2071:
2015:
2014:
1968:
1967:
1916:
1915:
1887:
1886:
1840:
1839:
1770:
1769:
1650:
1649:
1560:
1559:
1531:
1530:
1269:
1268:
1247:stealth aircraft
1239:
1232:
1225:
1216:
1215:
1209:
1204:Decker, Audrey.
1202:
1196:
1195:
1188:Breaking Defense
1179:
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1150:
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1143:
1135:
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1128:
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1008:
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1004:
998:Breaking Defense
989:
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952:Breaking Defense
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643:Breaking Defense
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230:of the program.
112:fighter aircraft
104:sixth-generation
28:
27:
2320:
2319:
2315:
2314:
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2311:
2310:
2309:
2280:
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2183:
2154:
2150:Flygsystem 2020
2125:
2102:
2084:
2059:
2050:Dassault nEUROn
2031:
2002:
1998:Dassault nEUROn
1984:
1955:
1937:
1933:Sukhoi/HAL FGFA
1903:
1874:
1856:
1827:
1809:
1791:
1765:
1755:
1732:
1714:
1710:Sukhoi/HAL FGFA
1676:
1662:Yakovlev Yak-43
1637:
1618:AVIC Dark Sword
1599:
1581:
1547:
1518:
1472:
1419:
1396:
1378:
1355:
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5:
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2260:IAIO Qaher-313
2256:
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1695:Mikoyan PAK DP
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299:Mikoyan PAK DP
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203:Century Series
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84:(Navy program)
82:F/A-XX program
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795:Aviation Week
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536:Aviation Week
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420:. 12 May 2021
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256:Frank Kendall
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131:loyal wingman
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29:
26:
22:
2265:HESA Shafaq
2076:Experimental
1844:Experimental
1774:Experimental
1746:Mikoyan Skat
1700:Sukhoi Su-57
1690:Mikoyan LMFS
1667:Sukhoi Su-47
1654:Experimental
1613:Hongdu GJ-11
1572:Chengdu J-20
1508:
1273:Experimental
1200:
1187:
1177:
1164:
1154:
1145:
1133:
1121:. Retrieved
1112:
1102:
1090:. Retrieved
1082:Defense News
1081:
1071:
1059:. Retrieved
1056:The War Zone
1055:
1045:
1033:. Retrieved
1013:
1001:. Retrieved
997:
987:
974:
964:
951:
941:
928:
918:
906:Defense News
905:
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864:Defense News
863:
853:
840:
830:
817:
807:
794:
784:
771:
746:. Retrieved
737:
727:
715:. Retrieved
706:
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619:
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513:Defense News
512:
502:
465:
453:. Retrieved
444:
434:
422:. Retrieved
417:
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263:
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224:
200:
187:Indo-Pacific
179:
163:
151:
135:
119:
115:
95:
91:
89:
25:
2215:South Korea
2179:TAI TF Kaan
1951:DRDO Ghatak
1301:Boeing X-45
1296:Boeing X-32
1061:5 September
1035:4 September
1003:4 September
445:Defense One
246:Development
175:simulations
122:) platform
110:. A crewed
41:Project for
2284:Categories
2202:TAI Anka-3
1092:12 January
317:References
311:Mothership
211:Will Roper
129:(CCA), or
1595:Xian H-20
1527:Australia
1165:The Drive
841:The Drive
400:Citations
302:– (
290:– (
278:– (
209:(SAF/AQ)
66:Initiated
51:Issued by
2305:Twinjets
2252:Fighters
2223:Fighters
2171:Fighters
2142:Fighters
2090:Fighters
2019:Fighters
1972:Fighters
1928:HAL AMCA
1920:Fighters
1891:Fighters
1862:Fighters
1797:Fighters
1682:Fighters
1564:Fighters
1477:Programs
1361:Fighters
1192:Archived
1169:Archived
1117:Archived
1086:Archived
1026:Archived
979:Archived
956:Archived
933:Archived
910:Archived
868:Archived
845:Archived
822:Archived
799:Archived
776:Archived
748:10 March
742:Archived
717:10 March
711:Archived
675:Archived
647:Archived
624:Archived
601:Archived
562:Archived
540:Archived
517:Archived
449:Archived
269:See also
217:General
80:(NGAP),
2068:Germany
1766:Kingdom
1720:Bombers
1587:Bombers
1402:Bombers
1148:. 2023.
1123:7 March
158:X-plane
148:History
102:(USAF)
98:) is a
74:Related
61:History
2163:Turkey
2134:Sweden
1964:France
1764:United
1646:Russia
1489:F/A-XX
1384:Attack
1265:States
1263:United
455:26 May
424:26 May
304:Russia
142:F/A-XX
2011:Spain
1912:India
1883:Italy
1836:Japan
1633:FL-71
1556:China
1142:(PDF)
1029:(PDF)
1022:(PDF)
494:(PDF)
474:(PDF)
322:Notes
219:Brown
154:DARPA
138:DARPA
2244:Iran
2189:UAVs
2108:UAVs
2037:UAVs
1990:UAVs
1943:UAVs
1815:UAVs
1738:UAVs
1605:UAVs
1535:UAVs
1425:UAVs
1306:F-19
1125:2023
1094:2023
1063:2024
1037:2024
1005:2024
750:2022
719:2022
457:2021
426:2021
96:NGAD
90:The
69:2014
167:CAD
120:PCA
2286::
1190:.
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