198:
identify someone as being a "ned": consideration of clothing and social activities was also needed. Both the "neds" and the "sports" had an attitude of enjoying engaging in physical violence while the "schoolies" avoided violence, but antisocial behaviour was often only carried out by a small minority of adolescents. The "neds" were just as concerned about violence and crime as the other groups, but, unlike them, socialised in the street rather than being engaged in the school culture.
197:
Many pupils in the study distanced themselves from the stereotypes. Each group had a characteristic way of speaking and used this to create social identity. Those in the "ned" category, for example, lowered tones in words such as "cat" and extended the vowels. This in itself was insufficient to
128:
with weapons such as hatchets or hammers concealed in the lining. According to
Christie, the "Teds" who followed them also had a reputation for wild behaviour, but were too concerned about their clothes to engage in aggression.
116:
had resulted in one "Ned" getting severe burns. He describes them as slouching along with their elbows projecting aggressively, wearing a white silk scarf tucked into their tightly buttoned jacket, and carrying a
569:
819:
54:
noted use of the word by gangs and police in the 1930s. Leader columns of newspapers in the 1960s featured the term in relation to teenage gang violence. In a 1962 book, the crime writer and broadcaster
738:
59:
referred to stolen cars turning up after having been taken "by a bunch of neds who want transport for some house-breaking job". He publicised the term more widely in his 1970s police report series
919:
823:
231:
has expressed contempt for what he feels is the glorification of ned culture in the
Scottish media. He has also opined that ned culture is closely correlated with
728:
1036:
911:
149:
condemning use of the word ned which she said was degrading and insulting to young people as it stood for non-educated delinquent. This is a widespread
75:
had been rehoused elsewhere in the city, "taking their violence with them to the new areas". A 1982 analysis of crime fiction notes Knox's 1977 novel
697:
217:
has been introduced by popular culture. In all other parts of
Scotland and in parts of northeast England (particularly Newcastle upon Tyne),
1041:
83:
as being unconcerned about "neds" getting hurt in a fight as long as no one else is affected and translates the term as "Glasgow slang for
469:
970:
172:
found working-class adolescent males in a high school in the south side of
Glasgow deploying a number of distinct social identities:
1031:
949:
803:
50:
dates the term to the early 19th century. Examples are plentiful through the 20th century. Former Chief
Constable of Glasgow Sir
674:
446:
424:
840:
104:
of 1955 as a hangover from the poverty of the 1930s. These "Neds" had long hair parted in the middle and smoothed down with
490:
1026:
1046:
986:
894:
650:
625:
71:, Knox described "neds" as Glasgow's "tag for small-time hoodlums", saying that "neds" and their families from the
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974:
1021:
1016:
774:
540:
105:
92:
775:"'Neds' have their own style of pronunciation to distinguish themselves, study says - Scotsman.com News"
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799:
705:
318:
310:
820:"University of Glasgow :: Postgraduate Research :: Robert Lawson - University of Arizona"
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373:
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in its breast pocket. Over this, on outings for a fight or a dance, they allegedly wore an old
766:
617:
610:
873:
563:
733:
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368:
8:
941:
322:
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with ned often seen as the synonymous
Scottish term. Other local terms are "schemies" in
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210:
80:
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621:
348:
118:
64:
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274:
202:
180:
97:
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494:
326:
243:
150:
51:
35:
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Stirling
Observer counties edition, "Stop the Rise of the teen-ager" July 1960
1010:
860:
263:
193:"schoolies" who generally did not play sports but played musical instruments.
190:"sports" who enjoyed football and rugby and wore trainers and sports clothing
122:
157:
arising long after the term came into use. The
English made alcoholic drink
855:
779:
306:
228:
225:
113:
987:
The Young Team by Graeme
Armstrong review – a swaggering, incendiary debut
262:
Neds became a staple of
Scottish comedy and neddish characters feature in
84:
301:
232:
169:
165:
31:
20:
616:. Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green University Popular Press. pp.
329:, focuses on the 'ned culture' of the region in the early 21st century.
729:"Study shows 'neds display identity through their clothes and accents'"
726:
491:"Oxford English Dictionary, definition of "ned", retrieved 1 June 2011"
295:
291:
286:
280:
142:
583:
559:
251:
247:
154:
109:
101:
56:
912:"BBC Scotland finally takes the wraps off its new show, River City"
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is very popular in Scotland and often associated with ned culture.
125:
184:
72:
363:
343:
796:"PME School Of English : Neds - it's all in the voice"
727:
Andrew Denholm, Education Correspondent (21 January 2011).
338:
239:
392:
858:. "21st Century Television's Faltering Moral Compass".
689:
467:
Middle class kids 'attracted to ned and chav culture'
176:
those identified as "neds" by themselves and others
695:
609:
587:
541:"The chavs and chav-nots in a bitter war of words"
112:tucked behind their ear as a fire hazard which in
601:
1008:
971:Book review: The Young Team, by Graeme Armstrong
640:
187:") who enjoyed rock music and wore black clothes
607:
515:
480:. 10 September 2012. Retrieved 10 August 2013.
321:a few miles east of Glasgow and narrated by a
242:from the South of England was used across the
100:described the Glasgow "Neds" as preceding the
19:"Neds" redirects here. For the 2010 film, see
884:
772:
594:. Published for the Crime Club by Doubleday.
568:. Published for the Crime Club by Doubleday.
1037:Working-class culture in the United Kingdom
444:BBC News - Neds make it into the dictionary
582:
558:
817:
439:
437:
299:has featured neds such as Shellsuit Bob.
989:, Jude Cook, The Guardian, 13 March 2020
659:
634:
533:
909:
889:. New York: Routledge. pp. 53–54.
524:
509:
453:, 9 June 2005, reporting definition in
221:remains current with its Roma meaning.
213:) has been used historically; however,
1009:
942:"Peter Mullan's Neds wins film awards"
645:. Oil & Gas USSR. pp. 87–88.
572:from the original on 28 February 2017.
434:
422:BBC News - Ned arrives - it's official
720:
257:
922:from the original on 19 January 2018
878:
677:from the original on 7 December 2008
576:
431:, 12 July 2001, retrieved 8 May 2006
41:
1042:Youth culture in the United Kingdom
741:from the original on 8 October 2012
403:from the original on 27 August 2011
16:Derogatory term for petty criminals
13:
910:Traynor, Frances (7 August 2002).
806:from the original on 14 March 2012
667:"Holyrood urged to protect 'neds'"
385:
179:"alternatives" (sometimes called "
14:
1058:
995:
952:from the original on 29 June 2011
773:Fiona MacLeod (21 January 2011).
1032:Stereotypes of the working class
397:Dictionary of the Scots Language
980:
964:
934:
903:
887:Language and Region (Intertext)
867:
849:
643:My Granny Made Me an Anarchist
483:
460:
415:
132:
1:
874:OED online, retrieved 21/3/11
379:
977:, The Scotsman, 5 March 2020
7:
1002:Chewin the Fat - Neducation
696:Dr Alistair Fraser (2011).
332:
305:is a 2010 film by director
93:Granny Made Me an Anarchist
10:
1063:
1027:Scottish words and phrases
800:Birmingham City University
455:Collins English Dictionary
319:Airdrie, North Lanarkshire
90:In his 2002 autobiography
48:Oxford Living Dictionaries
18:
1047:Socioeconomic stereotypes
843:24 September 2012 at the
641:Christie, Stuart (2002).
145:tabled a question to the
608:Dove, George N. (1982).
516:Sillitoe, Percy (1955).
472:12 November 2018 at the
139:Scottish Socialist Party
96:, the Glaswegian writer
63:, made and broadcast by
885:Beal, Joan C. (2006).
698:"Programme Note: NEDS"
457:; retrieved 8 May 2006
153:, but appears to be a
948:. 26 September 2010.
612:The police procedural
565:Little drops of blood
1022:Criminal subcultures
734:The Herald (Glasgow)
702:Glasgow Film Theatre
518:Cloak without dagger
369:Skeet (Newfoundland)
168:as a methodology of
67:. In his 1975 novel
1017:Class-related slurs
802:. 20 January 2011.
449:19 May 2006 at the
427:7 June 2004 at the
170:linguistic research
164:A 2011 study using
147:Scottish Parliament
765:has generic name (
258:In popular culture
250:and "scallies" in
238:By 2006, the term
108:, commonly with a
81:Strathclyde Police
42:Early use of term
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822:. Archived from
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547:. 29 August 2007
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493:. Archived from
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349:Football casuals
311:Graeme Armstrong
119:cut-throat razor
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864:. 8 April 2009.
854:
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845:Wayback Machine
829:
827:
826:on 22 July 2009
818:Robert Lawson.
816:
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708:on 26 July 2011
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673:. 5 June 2003.
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497:on 20 July 2011
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451:Wayback Machine
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429:Wayback Machine
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269:Chewin' the Fat
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201:In Dundee, the
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106:liquid paraffin
98:Stuart Christie
44:
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996:External links
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315:The Young Team
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211:a non-Roma man
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151:folk etymology
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52:Percy Sillitoe
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38:in Scotland.
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975:Stuart Kelly
966:
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924:. Retrieved
916:Daily Record
915:
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880:
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851:
828:. Retrieved
824:the original
808:. Retrieved
785:. Retrieved
780:The Scotsman
778:
743:. Retrieved
732:
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710:. Retrieved
706:the original
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679:. Retrieved
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549:. Retrieved
545:Scotsman.com
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499:. Retrieved
495:the original
485:
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417:
405:. Retrieved
396:
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314:
307:Peter Mullan
300:
294:
285:
279:
275:Limmy's Show
273:
267:
261:
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229:Adrian Raine
226:psychologist
223:
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114:urban legend
91:
89:
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47:
45:
27:
25:
838:Full Report
783:. Edinburgh
323:gang member
290:. Scottish
233:psychopathy
166:ethnography
133:Ned culture
79:describing
77:Pilot Error
34:, lout or
21:Neds (film)
1011:Categories
926:19 January
830:6 February
810:6 February
787:6 February
745:6 February
712:5 February
681:6 February
584:Knox, Bill
560:Knox, Bill
551:3 February
380:References
296:River City
292:soap opera
287:Still Game
281:Burnistoun
143:Rosie Kane
102:Teddy Boys
755:cite news
407:25 August
374:Suedehead
317:, set in
309:. A 2020
252:Liverpool
248:Edinburgh
155:backronym
61:Crimedesk
57:Bill Knox
956:15 March
950:Archived
946:BBC News
920:Archived
841:Archived
804:Archived
739:Archived
675:Archived
671:BBC News
586:(1975).
570:Archived
562:(1962).
478:BBC News
470:Archived
447:Archived
425:Archived
401:Archived
333:See also
224:British
159:Buckfast
126:overcoat
32:hooligan
325:in the
313:novel,
185:Moshers
73:Gorbals
893:
649:
624:
501:1 June
364:Gopnik
344:Flaite
278:, and
264:sketch
219:gadgie
207:gadgie
183:" or "
110:"dowp"
618:79–80
596:neds.
393:"ned"
205:word
181:Goths
123:tweed
85:hoods
30:is a
958:2012
928:2018
891:ISBN
836:and
832:2011
812:2011
789:2011
767:help
747:2011
714:2011
683:2011
647:ISBN
622:ISBN
553:2011
503:2011
409:2011
354:Dres
339:Chav
302:Neds
240:chav
203:Roma
141:MSP
46:The
215:ned
87:".
65:STV
28:ned
1013::
973:,
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918:.
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798:.
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209:(
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