2398:
227:, a catastrophic, bloody civil war and eventual migration of many different tribes in the area, initially (ca. 1802) caused by famine but ultimately as a result of escaping from the Zulus. The Ngoni groups caused their own havoc by using Zulu tactics in war. They established stronger political units in other countries and thus posed a threat to European colonisation, for example during the
29:
206:
before news of the defeat, and approached the camp singing
Ndwandwe victory songs to gain entry. Zwide himself escaped with a handful of followers, and most of the Ndwandwe abandoned their lands and migrated north establishing Zulu-like (named Ngoni after the ethno-linguistic name "Nguni") kingdoms
197:
in 1819. By this time the
Ndwandwe had adopted Zulu battle tactics and weapons so Shaka wore the invaders down with guerrilla tactics before launching his major attack when the Ndwandwe army was divided during the crossing of the
177:
helped Shaka become recognized as head of the Zulus after
Senzangakhona died in 1816. The two chieftains were close friends, and their warriors fought together against common enemies, such as the Ndwandwe headed by King
160:
The Zulus were originally a tiny tribe that had migrated to the eastern plateau of present-day South Africa; they became a strong tribal nation largely due to the efforts of an ambitious chieftain named
182:. After Dingiswayo was captured and executed by Zwide, the Mthethwa people placed themselves under Shaka and took the Zulu name. Shaka revolutionized traditional ways of fighting by introducing the
2422:
2207:
355:
985:
1774:
1232:
936:
2377:
2311:
2384:
1879:
1152:
943:
348:
650:
2193:
2172:
2033:
950:
1795:
1145:
71:, Soshangana founds Gaza Kingdom in Mozambique, Zwangendaba founds Ngoni Kingdom in Zambia and Mzilikazi founds Khumalo Kingdom in Zimbabwe.
1711:
1627:
1082:
1061:
2165:
1031:
992:
2402:
1844:
1200:
821:
341:
165:(c. 1787–1828, reigned 1816–1828). A rebellious young man, Shaka was estranged from his father, who was a Zulu chief named
2228:
2089:
2012:
1302:
2370:
2158:
1893:
1225:
2427:
2151:
1998:
1956:
1704:
1585:
1168:
703:
641:
2249:
2214:
1732:
929:
2123:
1690:
784:
190:, as a weapon and by organizing warriors into disciplined units that fought in close formation behind large cowhide shields.
2339:
2130:
2040:
1662:
2487:
2462:
2276:
2221:
2137:
1984:
1648:
1211:
878:
848:
2482:
2235:
2200:
2144:
1669:
1634:
1323:
772:
761:
2452:
2019:
1886:
1865:
1823:
1365:
1038:
1949:
1788:
957:
871:
814:
263:
2179:
1942:
1858:
1739:
1725:
1697:
964:
908:
1117:
1928:
1837:
1592:
1351:
2082:
2068:
1991:
1872:
1830:
1809:
1683:
1246:
892:
614:
321:
1124:
2346:
2290:
2116:
2005:
1977:
1914:
1606:
1464:
1131:
2283:
2186:
2061:
1970:
1816:
1175:
2447:
2442:
2437:
1753:
1274:
1182:
1138:
915:
793:
692:
2297:
1935:
1767:
1760:
1718:
1432:
1379:
1267:
1218:
999:
657:
2109:
1372:
1024:
268:
194:
2477:
2472:
2467:
1746:
1641:
1508:
1358:
1239:
971:
754:
664:
258:
1316:
1281:
483:
2432:
1851:
1781:
1676:
1571:
1425:
1075:
855:
768:
563:
383:
290:
253:
1599:
1485:
1253:
1189:
922:
685:
678:
630:
413:
170:
8:
2054:
2026:
1900:
1418:
1411:
1344:
1309:
1260:
740:
547:
228:
747:
235:(1905–1907). Shaka was the ultimate victor, and his people still live today throughout
232:
2457:
2332:
2318:
1655:
1471:
1295:
885:
475:
405:
333:
2492:
2256:
1620:
1330:
1110:
800:
555:
523:
459:
1578:
1492:
1386:
1054:
978:
899:
623:
507:
499:
491:
467:
2325:
2047:
1921:
1564:
1478:
1161:
1103:
1096:
1089:
807:
733:
579:
539:
248:
199:
2416:
2242:
1963:
1068:
1047:
1017:
1010:
719:
179:
166:
107:
1907:
1516:
1337:
1288:
451:
365:
239:, with customs and a way of life that can be easily traced to Shaka's day.
236:
154:
146:
85:
56:
52:
1500:
443:
2075:
1613:
726:
671:
531:
515:
216:
174:
1534:
1525:
1456:
862:
839:
828:
2304:
1802:
1447:
571:
428:
220:
150:
90:
712:
224:
203:
202:. Zulu warriors arrived at Zwide's headquarters near present-day
68:
1439:
595:
374:
212:
208:
587:
187:
183:
162:
102:
28:
145:
of 1817–1819 was a war fought between the expanding
2423:
Civil wars involving the states and peoples of Africa
363:
2414:
193:The Ndwandwe and the Zulus met in combat at the
1153:Storming of the Kempton Park World Trade Centre
349:
356:
342:
27:
173:people. The Mthethwa paramount chieftain
1226:Reconstruction and Development Programme
822:1946 African Mine Workers' Union strike
2415:
1303:2012 Western Cape farm workers' strike
318:Tanganyika under German rule 1905-1912
337:
1233:Truth and Reconciliation Commission
879:Coloured-vote constitutional crisis
13:
223:. This was the final phase of the
14:
2504:
2385:Pan Africanist Congress of Azania
2020:South African Party (Cape Colony)
2397:
2396:
264:Military history of South Africa
169:, and became a warrior with the
2034:South African Party (1977–1980)
2027:South African Party (1911–1934)
1943:Progressive Party (Cape Colony)
1740:Genootskap van Regte Afrikaners
2428:Civil wars of the 19th century
1352:2019 service delivery protests
1338:#FeesMustFall student protests
1083:1983 constitutional referendum
310:
297:
281:
1:
1810:Johannesburg Reform Committee
1039:Israel–South Africa Agreement
432:
417:
394:
387:
322:East African Publishing House
274:
16:1817–1819 war in South Africa
1465:Black Consciousness Movement
1219:Government of National Unity
7:
1176:Saint James Church massacre
1062:Weapons of mass destruction
242:
67:Zulu victory, the start of
10:
2509:
2488:Monarchies of South Africa
2463:Battles involving the Zulu
916:1957 Alexandra bus boycott
794:South West Africa campaign
693:Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814
658:French Huguenot settlement
2483:1810s in the Zulu Kingdom
2394:
2371:African National Congress
2360:
2266:
2099:
1831:Liberal Party (1953–1968)
1554:
1545:
1403:
1199:
1169:1992 apartheid referendum
838:
783:
702:
640:
613:
606:
372:
126:
113:
96:
79:
35:
26:
21:
2453:History of KwaZulu-Natal
1824:Labour Party (1969–1994)
1817:Labour Party (1910–1958)
1373:2020 Phala Phala Robbery
1331:#RhodesMustFall protests
930:1960 republic referendum
269:Battle of Mhlatuze River
195:Battle of Mhlatuze River
2269:terrorist organisations
1359:2019 Johannesburg riots
972:Constructive engagement
937:International isolation
755:Witwatersrand Gold Rush
294:,, Jonathan Cape, 1965.
259:History of South Africa
1282:Attack on Kennedy Road
893:Congress of the People
484:South African Republic
97:Commanders and leaders
1852:Natal Indian Congress
1572:Afrikaner Broederbond
1426:Afrikaner nationalism
1212:1994 general election
1183:Bophuthatswana crisis
1076:Church Street bombing
856:Apartheid legislation
849:1948 general election
769:South Africa Act 1909
564:Union of South Africa
384:Kingdom of Mapungubwe
364:Political history of
291:Washing of the Spears
254:Battle of Gqokli Hill
127:Casualties and losses
1486:Greater South Africa
1324:2014 platinum strike
1190:Shell House massacre
1118:Transkei coup d'état
923:Sharpeville massacre
686:Battle of Blaauwberg
679:Battle of Muizenberg
631:Battle of Salt River
414:Mthethwa Paramountcy
2378:Democratic Alliance
1555:Civic and political
1419:Afrikaner Calvinism
1412:African nationalism
1261:African Renaissance
951:UNSC Resolution 591
872:Internal resistance
773:National Convention
741:Transvaal Civil War
665:Khoikhoi–Dutch Wars
548:Orange River Colony
229:Maji-Maji Rebellion
186:, a short stabbing
1125:Ciskei coup d'état
944:UN Resolution 1761
909:Women's March 1956
762:South African Wars
748:Mineral Revolution
305:The Zulu Aftermath
303:John Omer-Cooper,
287:Donald R. Morris,
233:German East Africa
2448:Conflicts in 1819
2443:Conflicts in 1818
2438:Conflicts in 1817
2410:
2409:
2363:political parties
2356:
2355:
2333:Orde van die Dood
1950:Progressive Party
1656:Congress Alliance
1472:Cape Independence
1404:Political culture
1399:
1398:
1366:COVID-19 pandemic
1296:Marikana massacre
1132:Venda coup d'état
886:Defiance Campaign
476:Orange Free State
406:Dutch Cape Colony
307:, Longmans, 1966.
143:Ndwandwe–Zulu War
139:
138:
75:
74:
22:Ndwandwe–Zulu War
2500:
2400:
2399:
2387:
2380:
2373:
2349:
2342:
2335:
2328:
2321:
2314:
2307:
2300:
2293:
2286:
2279:
2267:Paramilitary and
2259:
2257:Umkosi Wezintaba
2252:
2245:
2238:
2231:
2224:
2217:
2210:
2203:
2196:
2189:
2182:
2175:
2168:
2161:
2154:
2147:
2140:
2133:
2126:
2119:
2112:
2102:social movements
2100:Trade unions and
2092:
2085:
2078:
2071:
2064:
2057:
2050:
2043:
2036:
2029:
2022:
2015:
2008:
2001:
1994:
1987:
1980:
1973:
1966:
1959:
1952:
1945:
1938:
1931:
1924:
1917:
1910:
1903:
1896:
1889:
1882:
1875:
1868:
1861:
1854:
1847:
1840:
1833:
1826:
1819:
1812:
1805:
1798:
1791:
1784:
1777:
1770:
1763:
1756:
1749:
1742:
1735:
1728:
1721:
1714:
1707:
1700:
1693:
1686:
1679:
1672:
1665:
1658:
1651:
1644:
1637:
1630:
1623:
1621:Boerestaat Party
1616:
1609:
1602:
1595:
1588:
1581:
1574:
1567:
1552:
1551:
1538:
1529:
1520:
1511:
1504:
1495:
1488:
1481:
1474:
1467:
1460:
1451:
1442:
1435:
1428:
1421:
1414:
1392:
1382:
1375:
1368:
1361:
1354:
1347:
1340:
1333:
1326:
1319:
1312:
1305:
1298:
1291:
1284:
1277:
1270:
1263:
1256:
1249:
1242:
1235:
1228:
1221:
1214:
1192:
1185:
1178:
1171:
1164:
1155:
1148:
1141:
1134:
1127:
1120:
1113:
1111:Dakar Conference
1106:
1099:
1092:
1085:
1078:
1071:
1064:
1057:
1050:
1041:
1034:
1032:Israeli alliance
1027:
1020:
1013:
1002:
995:
988:
986:Sporting boycott
981:
974:
967:
960:
958:Academic boycott
953:
946:
939:
932:
925:
918:
911:
902:
895:
888:
881:
874:
865:
858:
851:
831:
824:
817:
815:Great Depression
810:
803:
801:Maritz rebellion
796:
776:
764:
757:
750:
743:
736:
729:
722:
715:
695:
688:
681:
674:
667:
660:
653:
651:Dutch settlement
633:
626:
624:Bantu migrations
611:
610:
599:
591:
583:
575:
567:
559:
556:Transvaal Colony
551:
543:
535:
527:
524:Nieuwe Republiek
519:
511:
503:
495:
487:
479:
471:
463:
460:Natalia Republic
455:
447:
439:
437:
434:
429:Ndwandwe Kingdom
424:
422:
419:
409:
401:
399:
396:
392:
389:
358:
351:
344:
335:
334:
325:
314:
308:
301:
295:
285:
91:Ndwandwe Kingdom
37:
36:
31:
19:
18:
2508:
2507:
2503:
2502:
2501:
2499:
2498:
2497:
2413:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2390:
2383:
2376:
2369:
2362:
2352:
2345:
2338:
2331:
2324:
2317:
2310:
2303:
2296:
2289:
2282:
2275:
2268:
2262:
2255:
2248:
2241:
2234:
2227:
2220:
2213:
2206:
2199:
2192:
2185:
2178:
2171:
2164:
2157:
2150:
2143:
2136:
2129:
2122:
2115:
2108:
2101:
2095:
2088:
2081:
2074:
2067:
2060:
2053:
2046:
2039:
2032:
2025:
2018:
2011:
2004:
1997:
1990:
1983:
1976:
1969:
1962:
1955:
1948:
1941:
1934:
1927:
1920:
1913:
1906:
1899:
1892:
1885:
1878:
1871:
1864:
1857:
1850:
1843:
1836:
1829:
1822:
1815:
1808:
1801:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1773:
1768:HNP (Herstigte)
1766:
1761:HNP (Herenigde)
1759:
1752:
1745:
1738:
1731:
1724:
1717:
1710:
1703:
1696:
1689:
1682:
1675:
1668:
1661:
1654:
1647:
1640:
1633:
1626:
1619:
1612:
1605:
1598:
1591:
1584:
1579:Afrikaner Party
1577:
1570:
1563:
1556:
1547:
1541:
1532:
1523:
1514:
1507:
1498:
1493:Honorary whites
1491:
1484:
1477:
1470:
1463:
1454:
1445:
1438:
1431:
1424:
1417:
1410:
1395:
1385:
1378:
1371:
1364:
1357:
1350:
1343:
1336:
1329:
1322:
1315:
1308:
1301:
1294:
1287:
1280:
1273:
1266:
1259:
1254:Soweto bombings
1252:
1245:
1238:
1231:
1224:
1217:
1210:
1202:
1195:
1188:
1181:
1174:
1167:
1160:
1151:
1144:
1137:
1130:
1123:
1116:
1109:
1102:
1095:
1088:
1081:
1074:
1067:
1060:
1055:Soweto Uprising
1053:
1046:
1037:
1030:
1023:
1016:
1009:
998:
991:
984:
979:Tar Baby Option
977:
970:
963:
956:
949:
942:
935:
928:
921:
914:
907:
900:Freedom Charter
898:
891:
884:
877:
870:
861:
854:
847:
834:
827:
820:
813:
806:
799:
792:
779:
767:
760:
753:
746:
739:
732:
725:
718:
711:
698:
691:
684:
677:
670:
663:
656:
649:
636:
629:
622:
602:
594:
586:
578:
570:
562:
554:
546:
538:
530:
522:
514:
506:
500:Griqualand West
498:
492:Griqualand East
490:
482:
474:
466:
458:
450:
442:
435:
427:
420:
412:
404:
397:
390:
382:
368:
362:
331:
329:
328:
315:
311:
302:
298:
286:
282:
277:
245:
59:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2506:
2496:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2478:1819 in Africa
2475:
2473:1818 in Africa
2470:
2468:1817 in Africa
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2430:
2425:
2408:
2407:
2395:
2392:
2391:
2389:
2388:
2381:
2374:
2366:
2364:
2358:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2350:
2343:
2336:
2329:
2326:Ossewabrandwag
2322:
2315:
2308:
2301:
2294:
2287:
2280:
2272:
2270:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2260:
2253:
2246:
2239:
2232:
2225:
2218:
2211:
2204:
2197:
2190:
2183:
2176:
2169:
2162:
2155:
2148:
2141:
2134:
2127:
2120:
2113:
2105:
2103:
2097:
2096:
2094:
2093:
2086:
2079:
2072:
2069:Unionist Party
2065:
2058:
2051:
2048:Torch Commando
2044:
2037:
2030:
2023:
2016:
2009:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1981:
1974:
1967:
1960:
1953:
1946:
1939:
1932:
1925:
1922:Orde Boerevolk
1918:
1911:
1904:
1897:
1890:
1883:
1876:
1869:
1862:
1855:
1848:
1841:
1834:
1827:
1820:
1813:
1806:
1799:
1792:
1785:
1778:
1771:
1764:
1757:
1750:
1743:
1736:
1729:
1722:
1715:
1708:
1701:
1698:DP (1989–2000)
1694:
1691:DP (1973–1977)
1687:
1684:Dominion Party
1680:
1673:
1666:
1659:
1652:
1645:
1638:
1631:
1624:
1617:
1610:
1603:
1596:
1589:
1582:
1575:
1568:
1565:Afrikaner Bond
1560:
1558:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1539:
1530:
1521:
1512:
1505:
1496:
1489:
1482:
1479:Day of the Vow
1475:
1468:
1461:
1452:
1443:
1436:
1429:
1422:
1415:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1393:
1383:
1376:
1369:
1362:
1355:
1348:
1341:
1334:
1327:
1320:
1313:
1306:
1299:
1292:
1285:
1278:
1271:
1264:
1257:
1250:
1247:Floor crossing
1243:
1236:
1229:
1222:
1215:
1207:
1205:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1193:
1186:
1179:
1172:
1165:
1162:Bisho massacre
1158:
1157:
1156:
1142:
1135:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1107:
1104:Operation Vula
1100:
1097:Rubicon speech
1093:
1090:Langa massacre
1086:
1079:
1072:
1065:
1058:
1051:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1028:
1021:
1014:
1007:
1006:
1005:
1004:
1003:
996:
982:
975:
968:
961:
954:
947:
933:
926:
919:
912:
905:
904:
903:
889:
882:
875:
868:
867:
866:
852:
844:
842:
836:
835:
833:
832:
825:
818:
811:
808:Rand Rebellion
804:
797:
789:
787:
781:
780:
778:
777:
765:
758:
751:
744:
737:
734:Boer Republics
730:
723:
716:
708:
706:
700:
699:
697:
696:
689:
682:
675:
668:
661:
654:
646:
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580:Bophuthatswana
576:
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540:Klein Vrystaat
536:
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249:Anglo-Zulu War
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200:Mhlatuze River
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2243:Die Spoorbund
2240:
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2083:Workers Party
2080:
2077:
2073:
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2017:
2014:
2010:
2007:
2003:
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1996:
1993:
1989:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1975:
1972:
1968:
1965:
1964:Radio Freedom
1961:
1958:
1954:
1951:
1947:
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1915:Oranjewerkers
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1557:organisations
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1548:organisations
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1345:Tshwane riots
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1080:
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1069:Project Coast
1066:
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1059:
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1049:
1048:Mafeje affair
1045:
1040:
1036:
1035:
1033:
1029:
1026:
1022:
1019:
1018:Durban Moment
1015:
1012:
1011:Rivonia Trial
1008:
1001:
997:
994:
990:
989:
987:
983:
980:
976:
973:
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966:
965:Disinvestment
962:
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948:
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763:
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731:
728:
724:
721:
720:1820 Settlers
717:
714:
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694:
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669:
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316:John Iliffe,
313:
306:
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167:Senzangakhona
164:
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63:
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58:
54:
50:
47:
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42:
39:
38:
34:
30:
25:
20:
2433:Zulu history
2401:
2361:Histories of
2062:United Party
1971:Reform Party
1908:Orangia Unie
1533:
1524:
1517:Swart gevaar
1515:
1499:
1455:
1446:
1387:
1289:Blikkiesdorp
615:Pre-colonial
468:Natal Colony
452:Zulu Kingdom
366:South Africa
330:
317:
312:
304:
299:
288:
283:
192:
159:
155:South Africa
147:Zulu Kingdom
142:
140:
86:Zulu Kingdom
80:Belligerents
57:South Africa
1501:Rooi gevaar
1380:2021 unrest
1310:Nkandlagate
1139:Third Force
1000:Rugby union
598:(1981–1994)
590:(1979–1994)
582:(1977–1994)
574:(1976–1994)
566:(1910–1961)
558:(1902–1910)
550:(1902–1910)
542:(1886–1891)
534:(1885–1887)
526:(1884–1888)
518:(1882–1885)
510:(1882–1883)
502:(1870–1873)
494:(1861–1879)
486:(1856–1902)
478:(1854–1902)
470:(1843–1910)
462:(1839–1843)
454:(1816–1897)
446:(1795–1910)
444:Cape Colony
436: 1780
421: 1780
408:(1652–1806)
398: 1220
391: 1075
108:Zwide Langa
2417:Categories
2312:Greyshirts
2076:Volksparty
1614:Black Sash
1275:Xenophobia
1268:Travelgate
1025:Border War
829:Bantustans
727:Great Trek
672:Xhosa Wars
532:Upingtonia
516:Stellaland
275:References
217:Mozambique
175:Dingiswayo
103:Shaka Zulu
1535:Volkstaat
1526:Uitlander
1457:Boerehaat
1433:Anarchism
1240:Arms Deal
1203:apartheid
863:Pass laws
840:Apartheid
785:1910–1948
704:1815–1910
642:1652–1815
153:tribe in
43:1817–1819
2458:Clannism
2403:Category
2305:Boeremag
1803:Jeugkrag
1754:Het Volk
1448:Baasskap
1390:incident
993:Olympics
572:Transkei
375:polities
373:Defunct
243:See also
237:Zululand
221:Tanzania
171:Mthethwa
151:Ndwandwe
149:and the
114:Strength
53:Zululand
48:Location
2493:Mfecane
2208:SAAPAWU
1546:Defunct
1509:Slavery
713:Mfecane
324:, 1969.
225:Mfecane
204:Nongoma
135:Unknown
132:Unknown
69:Mfecane
2159:FOSATU
2013:SAYRCO
1985:SADECO
1901:Occupy
1440:Azania
1388:Lady R
1317:Racism
1146:CODESA
607:Events
596:Ciskei
508:Goshen
438:–1819)
423:–1817)
213:Malawi
209:Zambia
122:25,000
64:Result
2340:PAGAD
2236:SATUC
2229:SARHU
2215:SACTU
2194:NURHS
2152:FNETU
2138:CTSWU
2131:CNETU
2124:BLATU
2006:SAYCO
1894:NUSAS
1775:IDASA
1586:AITUP
1201:Post-
588:Venda
188:spear
184:iklwa
180:Zwide
163:Shaka
119:4,000
2347:SANF
2277:APLA
2222:SAIF
2201:PAWE
2187:NEUM
2180:MUSA
2145:FCWU
2090:WOSA
2041:TNIP
1999:SASO
1992:SAIC
1978:SABP
1929:PAVN
1663:COSG
1642:CTEG
1635:CNIP
289:The
219:and
141:The
40:Date
2298:BBB
2291:AWB
2284:ARM
2250:UDF
2173:IWW
2166:ICU
2117:BCM
2110:APF
2055:UFP
1957:PRP
1936:PFP
1887:NRP
1880:NPP
1866:NNP
1859:NLP
1845:NCP
1796:ISL
1747:GNP
1719:ECC
1712:DSM
1705:DPP
1677:DLF
1649:COD
1628:CDA
1607:BPC
1600:AVF
1593:APO
231:in
207:in
157:.
2419::
2319:MK
1873:NP
1838:NA
1789:IP
1782:ID
1733:FD
1726:FA
1670:CP
433:c.
418:c.
395:c.
388:c.
320:,
215:,
211:,
55:,
775:)
771:(
431:(
416:(
400:)
393:–
386:(
357:e
350:t
343:v
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