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was formed in the mid-60s characterized by the rock bands formula of two guitars, one bass, drum-conga-cowbell, some use an alto sax or a full horn section, others use a keyboard, accordion or lead guitar. However, all these small jazz or bands had their guitars with sophisticated styles. The 1970s
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It is organized in a certain way, the first entry of the singer ( lavwa ) and choir ( lavwa Deye or "answer"). Then the "Bwatè" (player ti bwa) sets the pace, followed by bélé drum. Finally, the dancers take the stage. A dialogue is created between the dancers and the "tanbouyè" (drummer). The
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also perform. Honoring the guitar, Carrefour
Mondial de Guitare celebrates a wide range of guitar genres, including flamenco, blues, jazz, rock, and pop. Both festivals last approximately a week, with concerts in various locations throughout Martinique. Recently,
329:
music in the later 20th century. Zouk's popularity was particularly intense in France, where the genre became an important symbol of identity for
Martinique and Guadeloupe. Zouk's origins are in the folk music of Martinique and Guadeloupe, especially Martinican
680:
Though
Martinique and Guadeloupe are most frequently known only for the internationally renowned zouk style, the islands have also produced popular musicians in various updated styles of traditional biguine, chouval bwa and gwo ka. The world-famous zouk band
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tongue of
Martinique and Guadeloupe is an important element, and are a distinctive part of the music. Generally, zouk is based around star singers, with little attention given to instrumentalists, and is based almost entirely around studio recordings.
403:
rhythm, combining other carnival elements. It participatory music, with the bandleader singing a verse and the audience responding. Modern instrumentation includes a variety of improvised drums made from containers of all kinds, plastic plumbing,
387:). After the decline of Vaval in World War II, the tradition began anew in the 1980s, when large marching bands of fifty or more people became common, including a number of horn players, percussionists and dancers. These large bands, known as
1151:
from Cape Verde are also derivative of this French
Antillean compas style, which sounds basically the same, although there are notable differences once you become more familiar with these genre. A main exponent of this subgenre is
3026:
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3188:
849:, a sophisticated form of music that quickly swept the island and helped unite all the former French colonies of the Caribbean by combining their cultural influences. These Haitians drew upon previous success from
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3079:
2747:
474:"answer" play opposite the singer, the audience can also participate. As a family, together singers, dancers, musicians and audiences are lured by its mesmerizing rhythms. The bélé song-dances include,
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3287:, physiographically not part of the Lucayan Archipelago, Antilles, Caribbean Sea nor North American continental nor South American continental islands. It is grouped with the
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672:) and syak, a bamboo rasp one metre long, grooved on both top and bottom, held with one end on the belly and the other on a door or wall and scraped with both hands.
2496:
1209:, and a quick-paced electronic drum pattern. More recently, deejays with raggamuffin-style vocals have moved to the fore, updating the sound for the New Generation.
368:
is a very important festival, known as Vaval on
Martinique. Music plays a vital role, with Martinican big bands marching across the island. Vaval declined following
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from the
English speaking caribbean. It was pushed in the 1970s by groups from Dominica, and was the first style of Dominican music to find international acclaim.
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755:, nasal vocals and improvised instrumental solos; has its roots in West African ritual dances, though ceremonial components do not survive in Haitian biguine.
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1114:) folk traditions. Ethnomusicologist Jocelyn Guilbault, however, describes zouk as a synthesis of Caribbean popular styles, especially
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1086:, tambour, ti bwa and biguine vidé are prominent in zouk. Though there are many diverse styles of zouk, some commonalities exist. The
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became popular. Its popularity abroad died relatively quickly, but it lasted as a major force in popular music on
Martinique until
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1126:. Zouk arose in the late 1970s and early 1980s, using elements of previous styles of Antillean music, as well as imported genres.
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In the early 20th century on
Martinique, Creole bands travelled on trucks or small carts during Vaval, playing a music known as
372:, bouncing back with new band formats and new traditions only in the 1980s. Like Guadeloupe, Martinique features participatory,
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alternate years. The country's best jazz musicians are featured during Jazz Ă la
Martinique, but major worldwide players like
920:, became the most popular ensemble of Haiti. From Haiti the mini-jazz formula replicated in the French Antilles in the 1970s.
557:. The music originated among rural Martinicans, as a form of celebratory holiday music played to accompany a dance called the
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invented zouk and popularized it with hit songs like "Zouk-La-Se Sel Medikaman Nou Ni". Kassav' formed from Paris in 1978.
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2074:
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1144:, characterized by a slow, soft and sexual rhythm. The lyrics of the songs often speak of love and sentimental problems.
458:" (two wooden sticks) played on a length of bamboo mounted on a stand to the tambour bélé, and is often accompanied by a
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2426:
2100:
1756:
1716:
1685:
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637:. kwadril dances are in sets consisting of proper quadrilles, plus creolized versions of 19th-century couple dances:
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are not part of the volcanic Windward Islands arc, although sometimes grouped with them culturally and politically.
575:, which refers to the wooden horses seen on merry-go-rounds). Chouval bwa percussion is played by a drummer on the
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2064:
1965:
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rhythm plays a basic pattern and the drum comes to mark the highlights and introduce percussion improvisations.
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Music in Latin America and the Caribbean: Volume 2 Performing the Caribbean Experience - An Encyclopedic History
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Later in the decade and into the 1980s, the French Antilles became home to a style of cadence music called
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innovated this style, as well as turned the mini-jazz combos into guitar-dominated big bands with a full-
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Evolving out of string band music, biguine spread to mainland France in the 1920s. Early stars like
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became popular in the late 1960s. In the later part of the 20th century, biguine musicians like
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remains easily the most famous performers from the island. Chouval bwa has been popularized by
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drum that players ride as though it was a horse. It is characterized, in its rhythm, by the "
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2015:
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Two large, international music festivals have further bolstered Martinique's music scene.
8:
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1955:
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1156:. Other Zouk Love artists come from the French West Indies, the Netherlands, and Africa.
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of Caribbean and African musical patterns fusing the traditional with the contemporary".
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who achieved significant chart success worldwide, most notably with their single "Cuba".
229:
204:
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1658:, 2nd edition. Ed. Stanley Sadie. London: Macmillan (2001). Article available online at
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The most influential figure in the promotion of Cadence-lypso was the Dominican group
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drums. Aside from the biguine vidé bands, Vaval includes song and costume contests,
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Broughton, Simon and Mark Ellingham with James McConnachie and Orla Duane (2000).
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Dominica cadence music has evolved under the influence of Dominican and Caribbean/
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The bélé is the origin of several important Martiniquan popular styles, including
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1674:
Ledesma, Charles de and Gene Scaramuzzo (2000). "Dance Funk Creole Style". In
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are parts of transregional sovereign states or non-sovereign dependencies.
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The inspiration for Zouk's style of rhythmic music comes from the Haitian
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1608:(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993), cited in Manuel, pg. 142
1604:
Guilbault, Jocelyn, Gage Averill, Édouard Benoit and Gregory Rabess,
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region, but occasionally also with the Caribbean region culturally.
3272:
1727:"Musical Tradition in Martinique: Between the Local and the Global"
1707:
Awakening Spaces: French Caribbean Popular Songs, Music and Culture
1115:
1102:
trace zouk's development to the Guadeloupean gwo ka and Martinican
1016:
and Milestone, while the most famous singers included Bill Thomas,
805:
726:
722:
3277:
1741:. (Translated from French by Sharon Berman and Catherine Potter).
741:
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Chouval bwa is a kind of Martinican traditional music, featuring
504:
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451:
409:
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361:
A band from Martinique during the 2014 Tropical Carnival of Paris
82:
52:
664:, or calabash without a handle, held in both hands), malakach (
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were dominated by mini-jazz, which still used a variant of the
825:
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660:, tanbou dibas, chacha (either a single metal cylinder as in
554:
542:
455:
443:
413:
896:, among others. Drawing on these influences, the supergroup
631:
is a Creole term referring to a folk dance derived from the
317:
has a heritage which is intertwined with that of its sister
1284:
1061:
834:, mostly musicians, to Dominica and the French Antilles (
1748:
Caribbean Currents: Caribbean Music From Rumba to Reggae
969:
music from the United States. By the end of the 1970s,
888:, paving the way for the success of large groups like
747:
dances and characterized by the use of bélè drums and
648:
Instrumentation consists of variable combinations of
729:
music which can be divided into two distinct types:
1254:hip hop is most popular in the French Antilles and
1159:Popular artists include French West Indian artists
3243:constituents but subsumed with the country of the
1704:
1702:
1617:
1539:
1505:
1471:
1193:. Bouyon was developed in the 1980s by bands like
1654:Gerstin, Julian (2000). "French West Indies". In
3300:
1795:
980:Aside from Exile One, other bands included the
1220:, "Jump up" refers generally to bouyon music.
2380:
2101:
1904:
1781:
1744:
294:
1140:Zouk Love is the French Antilles cadence or
520:is a popular bélé musician from Martinique.
1238:originating from the French departments of
399:Biguine vidé is an up-tempo version of the
391:, are each identified with a neighborhood.
376:style songs during its Vaval celebrations.
2746:
2394:
2387:
2373:
2115:
2108:
2094:
1918:
1911:
1897:
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1451:. The Universe of Music Inc. p. 253.
1234:The French Antilles hip hop is a style of
1223:
815:
765:in the 18th century, highly influenced by
301:
287:
2513:
847:(another word named for the genre compas)
700:Martinique is also the birthplace of the
442:The bel air (or bélé) is a legacy of the
1246:in the Caribbean. Usually in French and
356:
338:. There's also notable influence of the
3231:that with the ABC islands comprise the
1733:(Transcultural Music Review), 2 (1996)
1444:
1317:
1315:
1163:and Nichols, or like Netherlands based
3301:
1189:Bouyon (Boo-Yon) is a form of popular
2368:
2089:
1892:
1769:
1621:Zouk: world music in the West Indies
1606:Zouk: World Music in the West Indies
1543:Zouk: world music in the West Indies
1509:Zouk: world music in the West Indies
1475:Zouk: world music in the West Indies
1321:Ledesma and Scaramuzzo, pgs. 289–303
1312:
916:style. One of the mini-jazz groups,
2070:
1197:, combining elements of kadans (or
1178:
508:, and also exerted an influence on
13:
1818:Aruba and the Netherlands Antilles
1696:
1678:Rough Guide to World Music, Vol. 2
1283:presented "Bélé-Jazz", a style of
1261:
1074:- Dominica cadence popularized by
14:
3320:
1618:Jocelyne Guilbault (1993-11-15).
1540:Jocelyne Guilbault (1993-11-24).
1506:Jocelyne Guilbault (1993-11-24).
1472:Jocelyne Guilbault (1993-11-24).
102:Nationalistic and patriotic songs
2827:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
2229:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
2069:
2060:
2059:
1868:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
923:
812:helped revolutionize the genre.
675:
2807:Carriacou and Petite Martinique
1731:Revista Transcultural de MĂşsica
1711:. University of Chicago Press.
1611:
1598:
1567:
1533:
394:
1499:
1465:
1438:
1425:> "YouTube:Martinican bèlè"
1408:
1377:
1355:
1333:
1324:
523:
1:
1656:New Grove Dictionary of Music
1648:
769:though vocals are usually in
352:
2650:Collectivity of Saint Martin
2354:United States Virgin Islands
1797:Music of the Lesser Antilles
1272:Carrefour Mondial de Guitare
1129:
973:defined Cadence-lypso as "a
903:
606:
145:Aruba and the Dutch Antilles
7:
1751:. Temple University Press.
1725:Desroches, Monique (1996).
1703:Berrian, Brenda F. (2000).
1294:
942:) that featured mostly the
792:took over in the 1950s and
621:culture, especially of the
10:
3325:
2911:San Andrés and Providencia
1227:
1182:
1133:
1070:, as well as music called
1059:
927:
819:
751:rhythm sticks, along with
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527:
435:
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2329:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
2247:
2121:
2055:
1926:
1803:
1205:drumming, the folk style
863:Les Vikings de Guadeloupe
802:Les Vikings de Guadeloupe
255:St Vincent and Grenadines
2879:Turks and Caicos Islands
2349:Turks and Caicos Islands
1306:
938:(based on the island of
842:) brought with them the
830:In the 1970s, a wave of
721:is a Martinican form of
599:, a bass version of the
2116:Music of North America
1224:French Antilles hip hop
1118:cadence-lypso, Haitian
1055:
816:Cadence (Kadans)/Compas
571:is a Creole version of
431:
408:, tanbou débonda, bélé
2677:British Virgin Islands
2439:West Indies Federation
2396:Music of the Caribbean
2279:British Virgin Islands
1920:Music of Latin America
1745:Manuel, Peter (1995).
1363:"bélé dance and music"
1291:rhythms as its basis.
884:and the newly arrived
362:
345:tradition and Haitian
3227:These three form the
3027:South Caribbean Coast
3020:North Caribbean Coast
2624:Saint Kitts and Nevis
2422:Caribbean Netherlands
2219:Saint Kitts and Nevis
1858:Saint Kitts and Nevis
1171:, the African artist
561:(which translates as
446:music tradition. The
360:
3269:Disputed territories
3261:Disputed territories
3059:Venezuelan Caribbean
2728:Federal Dependencies
2427:Netherlands Antilles
1680:. Rough Guides Ltd.
1268:Jazz Ă la Martinique
1020:, Gordon Henderson,
759:orchestrated biguine
645:and valses Créoles.
3309:Music of Martinique
3255:continental islands
3052:Colombian Caribbean
2846:Trinidad and Tobago
2684:U.S. Virgin Islands
2568:Antigua and Barbuda
2407:British West Indies
2234:Trinidad and Tobago
2129:Antigua and Barbuda
1873:Trinidad and Tobago
1813:Antigua and Barbuda
1692:, pp. 289–303.
334:, and Guadeloupan
315:music of Martinique
265:Trinidad and Tobago
140:Antigua and Barbuda
22:Music of Martinique
3177:Venezuelan Guayana
2521:Dominican Republic
2434:French West Indies
2412:Danish West Indies
2169:Dominican Republic
1966:Dominican Republic
1096:Charles De Ledesma
1014:Midnighte Groovers
668:), triangle, bwa (
363:
245:St Kitts and Nevis
190:Dominican Republic
3296:
3295:
3289:Northern American
3251:Physiographically
3212:
3211:
3120:Yucatán Peninsula
3068:
3067:
2887:
2886:
2858:
2857:
2854:
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2835:
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2780:
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2721:Insular Venezuela
2693:
2692:
2534:
2533:
2362:
2361:
2251:other territories
2083:
2082:
2028:
1886:
1885:
1584:"Martinican bèlè"
1458:978-0-292-70951-5
1341:"Martinique bélé"
1276:Branford Marsalis
1191:music of Dominica
779:Alexandre Stellio
753:call and response
450:itself is a huge
374:call-and-response
311:
310:
122:
121:
97:
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3271:administered by
3263:administered by
3189:Guayana Esequiba
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2249:Dependencies and
2122:Sovereign states
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1319:
1248:Antillean creole
1179:Bouyon (Jump up)
971:Gordon Henderson
874:Gordon Henderson
761:– originates in
740:– originates in
619:French Caribbean
303:
296:
289:
270:Turks and Caicos
108:
107:
96:
34:Related articles
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3221:Territories in
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1697:Further reading
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1100:Gene Scaramuzzo
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697:, and Pakatak.
695:Dédé Saint-Prix
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111:National anthem
12:
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1281:Franck Nicolas
1263:
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1230:French hip hop
1228:Main article:
1225:
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1183:Main article:
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1177:
1134:Main article:
1131:
1128:
1094:Music authors
1082:. Elements of
1060:Main article:
1057:
1054:
1046:Anthony Gussie
928:Main article:
925:
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28:General topics
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2021:United States
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2014:
2012:
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1720:
1718:0-226-04456-4
1714:
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1683:
1679:
1673:
1666:September 27,
1662:
1657:
1653:
1652:
1633:
1631:9780226310411
1627:
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1607:
1601:
1590:September 10,
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1553:9780226310428
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1487:
1485:9780226310428
1481:
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1449:
1445:Malena Kuss.
1441:
1430:September 10,
1426:
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1282:
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1241:
1237:
1236:hip hop music
1231:
1221:
1219:
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1210:
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1199:cadence-lypso
1196:
1192:
1186:
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1157:
1155:
1154:Ophelia Marie
1150:
1145:
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1127:
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1105:
1101:
1097:
1092:
1089:
1088:French Creole
1085:
1081:
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1072:cadence-lypso
1069:
1063:
1053:
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1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
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999:
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990:Black Machine
987:
983:
978:
976:
972:
968:
964:
960:
959:rock and roll
957:, as well as
956:
955:Latin rhythms
951:
949:
948:calypso music
946:of Haiti and
945:
944:cadence rampa
941:
937:
931:
930:Cadence-lypso
924:Cadence-lypso
921:
919:
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879:
875:
871:
870:cadence-lypso
866:
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855:Les Gentlemen
853:artists like
852:
848:
845:
841:
837:
833:
827:
823:
822:Cadence rampa
813:
811:
810:Michel Godzom
807:
803:
799:
798:Les Gentlemen
796:artists like
795:
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783:Sam Castandet
780:
772:
768:
764:
760:
757:
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724:
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676:Popular music
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195:French Guiana
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3134:
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3087:
3080:may include:
3057:
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3018:
3013:Corn Islands
3011:
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2956:
2951:Quintana Roo
2949:
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2657:Sint Maarten
2655:
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2641:Saint Martin
2628:
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2344:Sint Maarten
2324:Saint Martin
2303:
1847:
1747:
1730:
1706:
1677:
1664:. Retrieved
1655:
1635:. Retrieved
1620:
1613:
1605:
1600:
1588:. Retrieved
1575:Ghostarchive
1573:Archived at
1569:
1557:. Retrieved
1542:
1535:
1523:. Retrieved
1508:
1501:
1489:. Retrieved
1474:
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1447:
1440:
1428:. Retrieved
1416:Ghostarchive
1414:Archived at
1410:
1398:. Retrieved
1385:Ghostarchive
1383:Archived at
1379:
1367:. Retrieved
1357:
1345:. Retrieved
1335:
1326:
1265:
1233:
1211:
1188:
1185:Bouyon music
1158:
1146:
1139:
1123:
1111:
1107:
1093:
1065:
1034:Tony Valmond
1030:Sinky Rabess
1022:Linford John
998:Belles Combo
979:
952:
933:
907:
894:Experience 7
886:synthesizers
882:horn section
867:
859:Les Leopards
846:
829:
776:
767:French music
763:Saint-Pierre
758:
738:drum biguine
737:
733:
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487:
484:biguine bélé
483:
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467:
459:
447:
441:
422:masquerading
398:
395:Biguine vidé
388:
384:
381:biguine vidé
380:
378:
370:World War II
364:
314:
312:
21:
15:
3245:Netherlands
3237:BES islands
3229:SSS islands
3154:The Guianas
3100:El Salvador
2990:Bay Islands
2940:continental
2904:Aves Island
2866:Archipelago
2822:Saint Lucia
2748:ABC islands
2588:Les Saintes
2581:La DĂ©sirade
2504:Puerto Rico
2314:Puerto Rico
2224:Saint Lucia
2174:El Salvador
2075:WikiProject
2016:Puerto Rico
1976:El Salvador
1863:Saint Lucia
1203:lapo kabwit
1161:Edith Lefel
1042:Mike Moreau
1038:Jeff Joseph
1026:Janet Azouz
1018:Chubby Marc
986:Black Roots
918:Tabou Combo
734:bidgin bélè
625:, the term
573:cheval bois
569:chouval bwa
530:Chouval bwa
524:Chouval bwa
499:chouval bwa
332:chouval bwa
240:Puerto Rico
58:Chouval bwa
3196:Tigri Area
3095:Costa Rica
2816:Martinique
2604:Montserrat
2574:Guadeloupe
2514:Hispaniola
2309:Montserrat
2304:Martinique
2299:Guadeloupe
2154:Costa Rica
1956:Costa Rica
1853:Montserrat
1848:Martinique
1843:Guadeloupe
1649:References
1637:August 10,
1525:August 10,
1287:using the
1244:Martinique
1240:Guadeloupe
1218:Martinique
1214:Guadeloupe
1169:Gil Semedo
1147:The music
1006:Liquid Ice
1000:, Mantra,
994:Naked Feet
940:Guadeloupe
840:Martinique
836:Guadeloupe
662:Martinique
595:) and the
585:accordions
536:percussion
488:bélé belya
480:bélé pitjè
353:Folk music
323:Guadeloupe
230:Montserrat
205:Guadeloupe
3110:Nicaragua
3105:Guatemala
3076:groupings
2938:Caribbean
2893:Caribbean
2701:Caribbean
2294:Greenland
2209:Nicaragua
2184:Guatemala
2037:Venezuela
1996:Nicaragua
1981:Guatemala
1931:Argentina
1739:1697-0101
1586:. YouTube
1559:April 10,
1491:April 10,
1396:. YouTube
1365:. YouTube
1343:. YouTube
1301:Canboulay
1207:jing-ping
1149:cabo-love
1136:zouk-love
1130:Zouk-love
1080:Exile One
1076:Grammacks
982:Grammacks
975:synthesis
936:Exile One
909:Mini-jazz
904:Mini-jazz
890:Grammacks
878:Exile One
851:mini-jazz
808:virtuoso
794:mini-jazz
650:accordion
634:quadrille
607:Quadrille
547:accordion
492:gran bélé
476:bélé dous
428:parties.
383:(or just
225:Louisiana
83:Quadrille
78:Mini-jazz
3303:Category
3273:Colombia
3253:, these
3204:Suriname
3129:Campeche
2984:Honduras
2841:Barbados
2796:Dominica
2786:Windward
2712:Antilles
2699:Southern
2562:Anguilla
2542:Antilles
2471:Antilles
2460:Antilles
2259:Anguilla
2194:Honduras
2164:Dominica
2139:Barbados
2065:Category
2006:Paraguay
1986:Honduras
1951:Colombia
1833:Dominica
1823:Barbados
1808:Anguilla
1577:and the
1418:and the
1400:March 6,
1387:and the
1369:March 6,
1347:March 6,
1295:See also
1116:Dominica
1010:Wafrikai
914:méringue
806:clarinet
727:trombone
723:clarinet
639:biguines
366:Carnival
260:Suriname
250:St Lucia
185:Dominica
155:Barbados
135:Anguilla
3278:Bermuda
3241:Kingdom
3223:italics
3143:Yucatán
3089:Bermuda
2958:Cozumel
2873:Bahamas
2864:Lucayan
2801:Grenada
2788:Islands
2771:Curaçao
2764:Bonaire
2710:Leeward
2553:Islands
2551:Leeward
2491:Jamaica
2469:Greater
2289:Curaçao
2274:Bonaire
2269:Bermuda
2199:Jamaica
2179:Grenada
2134:Bahamas
2032:Uruguay
1971:Ecuador
1936:Bolivia
1838:Grenada
1828:Curaçao
1330:Gerstin
1124:biguine
1120:cadence
1108:tambour
898:Kassav'
832:Haitian
787:Haitian
719:Biguine
714:Biguine
708:Biguine
683:Kassav'
666:maracas
643:mazouks
628:kwadril
613:Kwadril
601:tanbour
597:bel-air
577:tanbour
505:biguine
466:). The
464:maracas
452:tambour
401:biguine
343:calypso
220:Jamaica
200:Grenada
180:Curaçao
165:Bonaire
160:Bermuda
150:Bahamas
68:Jump up
63:Hip hop
53:Biguine
3265:Guyana
3183:Guyana
3033:Panama
2999:Izabal
2979:Belize
2839:
2540:Lesser
2451:Indies
2214:Panama
2204:Mexico
2149:Canada
2144:Belize
2026:Tejano
2001:Panama
1991:Mexico
1941:Brazil
1755:
1737:
1715:
1684:
1628:
1550:
1516:
1482:
1455:
1256:France
1250:, the
1173:Kaysha
1142:compas
1112:ti bwa
1084:gwo ka
1068:compas
965:, and
861:, and
844:kadans
826:Compas
790:compas
771:creole
691:Tumpak
658:violin
654:guitar
593:rattle
589:chacha
581:ti bwa
559:manege
553:-type
549:, and
540:bamboo
490:, and
460:chacha
410:chacha
336:gwo ka
319:island
235:Panama
210:Guyana
73:Kadans
40:Genres
3219:N.B.:
3163:Amapá
3136:Petén
3074:Wider
3006:LimĂłn
2757:Aruba
2526:Haiti
2264:Aruba
2189:Haiti
2042:Andes
1946:Chile
1307:Notes
749:tibwa
742:slave
670:tibwa
555:kazoo
543:flute
468:tibwa
456:tibwa
444:slave
414:tibwa
406:bells
385:videé
347:kompa
215:Haiti
2942:zone
2611:Saba
2486:Cuba
2449:West
2334:Saba
2159:Cuba
2011:Peru
1961:Cuba
1753:ISBN
1735:ISSN
1713:ISBN
1682:ISBN
1668:2005
1639:2010
1626:ISBN
1592:2005
1561:2012
1548:ISBN
1527:2010
1514:ISBN
1493:2012
1480:ISBN
1453:ISBN
1432:2005
1402:2014
1371:2014
1349:2014
1289:bélé
1285:jazz
1270:and
1242:and
1216:and
1167:and
1110:and
1104:bèlè
1098:and
1078:and
1062:Zouk
1056:Zouk
1048:and
967:funk
963:soul
838:and
824:and
800:and
781:and
745:bèlè
725:and
511:zouk
502:and
448:bélé
438:bélé
432:Bélé
426:zouk
424:and
418:bélé
416:and
327:zouk
313:The
175:Cuba
88:Zouk
48:Bélé
2895:Sea
1212:In
1201:),
1195:WCK
876:'s
736:or
617:In
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