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a target time to complete that stage in exactly, there are penalties for being early and late, thus the goal is to be exactly "on time". Some stages are deliberately "tight", others are lax allowing the competitor to recuperate. There are also a variety of special tests, on variety of terrain to further aid classification, these are speed stages where the fastest time is desired. A normal event lasts for 3 to 4 hours, although longer events are not uncommon. Some events, particularly national and world championship events take place over several days and require maintenance work to be carried out within a limited time window or while the race is running. To prevent circumvention of the maintenance restrictions, the motorcycles are kept overnight in secure storage.
1039:, mile, half-mile, short-track and TT races are part of a specific discipline labelled "Dirt track" or sometimes "Flat track" (also called Flat Track). However the AMA Sanction rule books refer to this discipline as Dirt track racing. Whether mile, half-mile, short-track or TT, traction is what defines a dirt track race. The bikes cannot use "knobbies", they must use "Class C" tires which are similar to street tires. On mile, half-mile, short-track course, the track is an oval, all turns to the left only, and only a rear brake is allowed. On the TT courses, there must be at least one right hand turn with a jump being optional, front and rear brakes are allowed, but the same "Class C" tires are required.
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1432:"Super Hooligan" came out of the Harley nights at Costa Mesa Speedway in Southern California. Southern California motorcycle culture developed around this idea of racing large V Twin motorcycles. Super Hooligan races have been side entertainment at a number of events from bike shows like the Handbuilt in Austin, The One Show in Portland to the Superprestigio of the Americas in Las Vegas in 2016, to the flat track races held in conjunction with MotoGP at Circuit of the Americas. In 2017 Super Hooligan became an official racing series with 10 races on the calendar for that year from February through October.
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1423:(USCRA) one of the oldest vintage racing clubs in the US. In the UK the Main organisations are The British Historic Racing Club (BHRC), an arm of the Vintage motorcycle club, and the Classic Motorcycle Racing Club (CRMRC). The CRMC was formed about thirty years ago when the BHRC was slow to include new machines in the 25 years rule and to deal with the first Japanese machines reaching that age. Nowadays the BHRC caters for machines from Europe and America made up to the mid eighties while the CRMC allows the same era and some but not all Japanese machines.
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605:: It is the current term for the highest class of GP racing. The class was contested with prototype machines with varying displacement and engine type over the years. Originally contested by large displacement four stroke machines in the early years it eventually switched to 500 cc two strokes. In 2002 990 cc four-stroke bikes were allowed to compete alongside the 500 cc two strokes and then completely replaced them in 2003. 2007 saw a reduction to 800 cc four stroke engines due to high speeds and
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Advances in motorcycle technology, especially suspension, have led to the predominance of circuits with added "jumps" on which bikes can get airborne. Motocross has another noticeable difference from road racing, in that starts are done en masse, with the riders alongside each other. Up to 40 riders race into the first corner, and sometimes there is a separate award for the first rider through (see
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especially popular. Equipment is limited to that available for the production period, although modern safety equipment and tires are permitted. Most vintage production periods are from the 1970s and before, but now 1980s and 1990s motorcycles are being allowed into some events. Generally a motorcycle must be at least 25 years old to be considered vintage.
573:: Introduced in 2012, motorcycles in this class are 250cc with single-cylinder four-stroke engines Previously it featured 125 cc two-stroke motorcycles. This class is also restricted by rider age, with an upper limit of 25 for newly signed riders and wild card entries and an absolute upper limit of 28 for all riders.
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decomposed granite, sand, calcium (to allow the surface to retain water moisture) and other materials. An optimum "groove" track will have enough moisture to be "tacky", without being slick, and will develop what is called a "blue groove" as the motorcycle tires lay down a thin layer of tire rubber on the racing line.
967:, previously travelling from Western Europe (often Paris) to Dakar in Senegal, via the Sahara desert, taking almost two weeks. From 2009 to 2019 the Dakar Rally had been held in South America traveling through Argentina, Peru and Chile. Starting in 2020 the event now runs in the deserts of Saudi Arabia. The
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Enduro is a form of off-road motorcycle sport that primarily focuses on the endurance of the competitor. In the most traditional sense ("Time Card
Enduros"), competitors complete a 10+ mile lap, of predominately off-road going, often through forestry. The lap is made up of different stages, each with
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In
Landspeed motorcycle racing, the racer is trying to beat the fastest speed ever achieved by that style of motorcycle and type of engine for a timed mile. The pre-eminent event for motorcycle LSR is the International Motorcycle Speed Trials by BUB, held on the Bonneville Salt Flats annually (near
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A "cushion" track consists of similar materials to the groove track, but mixed in a way that allows the surface to maintain a more sandy, loose composition. While power-sliding is common on both groove and cushion tracks, a cushion track allows more power-sliding, into, through and out of the turns.
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with a signaled starting line. Upon the starting signal, the riders accelerate down a straight, quarter-mile long paved track where their elapsed time and terminal speed are recorded. The rider to reach the finish line first is the winner. This can occur upon purpose built venues (e.g., Santa Pod),
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Board track racing was a type of track racing popular in the United States between the second and third decades of the 20th century, where competition was conducted on oval race courses with surfaces composed of wooden planks. By the early 1930s, board track racing had fallen out of favor, and into
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Although not mandated, most flat track racers wear a steel "shoe" on the left boot which is actually a fitted steel sole that straps onto the left boot. This steel shoe lets the rider slide more easily and safely on their left foot when needed as they lean the bike to the left while sliding through
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Hare scramble is the name given to a particular form of off-road motorcycle racing. Traditionally a hare scramble can vary in length and time with the contestants completing multiple laps around a marked course through wooded or other rugged natural terrain. The overall winner is the contestant who
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Another variant of Enduro is
Vintage Enduro which combines the elements of off-road racing and long-distance touring, making it a popular choice among enthusiasts who enjoy the challenges and nostalgia associated with vintage motorcycles. Vintage Enduro events often attract a dedicated community of
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Supermoto is a racing category that is a crossover between road-racing and motocross. The motorcycles are mainly motocross types with road-racing tyres. The racetrack is a mixture of road and dirt courses (in different proportions) and can take place either on closed circuits or in temporary venues
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Supercross (or SX) is simply indoor motocross. Supercross is more technical and rhythmic for riders. Typically situated in a variety of stadiums and open or closed arenas, it is notable for its numerous jumps. In North
America, this has been turned into an extremely popular spectator sport, filling
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Motocross (or MX) is the direct equivalent of road racing, but off-road, a number of bikes racing on a closed circuit. Motocross circuits are constructed on a variety of non-tarmac surfaces such as dirt, sand, mud, grass, etc., and tend to incorporate elevation changes either natural or artificial.
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motorcycle racing. Older sidecar road racers generally resembled solo motorcycles with a platform attached; modern racing sidecars are purpose built low and long vehicles. Sidecarcross resembles MX motorcycles with a high platform attached. In sidecar racing a rider and a passenger work together to
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Endurance racing is a category of motorcycle road racing which is meant to test the durability of equipment and endurance of the riders. Teams of multiple riders attempt to cover a large distance in a single event. Teams are given the ability to change riders during the race. Endurance races can be
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Hooligan racing has been around since the 1970s when fans attending flat track races began racing their own personal motorcycles during intermissions of events. Often these motorcycles were simply the bikes that fans rode to the event also known as "run what you brung" races. What's now known as
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The riding style on the tarmac section is noticeably different from other forms of tarmac-based racing, with a different line into corners, sliding of the back wheel around the corner, and using the leg straight out to corner (as opposed to the noticeable touching of the bent knee to the tarmac of
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In vintage racing riders race classic motorcycles that are no longer competitive with the latest production motorcycles. Classes are organized by production period and engine displacement. There are vintage events for almost every type of racing listed above, vintage motocross and road racing are
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In hill climbing, a single rider climbs or tries to climb a road going up a hill in the fastest time or the furthest up the hill before ceasing forward motion. Tarmac events are typically on closed public roads and private roads. The same concept is also used off-tarmac, usually on steeper hills.
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Historically, "road racing" meant a course on closed public roads. This was once commonplace but currently only a few such circuits have survived, mostly in Europe. Races take place on public roads which have been temporarily closed to the public by legal orders from the local legislature. Two
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Hard-packed tracks are generally referred to as "groove" tracks, loosely packed tracks are called "cushions". The composition of the track surface is usually decided by the race promoter and track preparation team, the latter using various methods and materials including combinations of clay,
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Indoor races consist of either: a polished concrete floor with coke syrup, or other media sprayed or mopped onto the concrete for traction for the tyres of the motorcycles, or on dirt that has been moistened and hard packed, or left loose (often called a cushion). Similar to the size of the
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Ice racing includes a motorcycle class which is the equivalent of
Speedway on ice. Bikes race anti-clockwise around oval tracks between 260 and 425 metres in length. Metal tire spikes or screws are often allowed to improve traction. The race structure and scoring are similar to Speedway.
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In the U.S., flat-track events are held on outdoor dirt ovals, ranging in length from one mile to half-mile, short-tracks and TTs. All are usually held outdoors, though a few short-track events have been held in indoor stadiums. A Short Track event is one involving a track of less than
876:(formerly the International Six Days Trial), where countries enter teams of riders (i.e. Enduro's "World Cup"), as well as club teams – the event combines amateur sport with the professional level sport, it also takes place in a much more geographically dispersed range of locations.
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Where a time was one-way only, any record could be regarded as strip-only, as for official recognition of world and national records two qualifying runs had to be completed in opposite-directions within one-hour, to negate the effect of wind, with an average time resulting.
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maintains the highest speed throughout the event. In
Florida, Hare scrambles start the race with a staggered starting sequence. Once on the course, the object of the competitor is to complete the circuit as fast as possible. The race consists of wooded areas or open fields.
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A variant of Enduro called Hard Enduro also exists which take Enduro racing to extremes with even larger, longer and tougher courses than Enduro, it is designed to bring together all disciplines of Enduro – Hard Enduro, Classic Enduro, Cross-Country and Beach Racing. The
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Motocross has a plethora of classes based upon machine displacement (ranging from 50cc 2-stroke youth machines up to 250cc two-stroke and 450cc four-stroke), age of competitor, ability of competitor, sidecars, quads/ATVs, and machine age (classic for pre-1965/67,
583:, the commercial rights holder of the competition, in 2010 as a 600 cc four-stroke class. Prior to that season, the intermediate class was 250 cc with two-stroke engines. Moto2 races in the 2010 season allowed both engine types; from 2011 on, only Honda
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Though the "Class C" tires allowed by the rules are the same for both cushion and groove tracks, riders are allowed to modify the tires by cutting some rubber off the tire grooves for improved traction, but are not allowed to add materials to the tires.
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Labor Day). Motorcycles are classified based on body style, i.e. how much streamlining is incorporated. They are further classified based on engine size in cubic centimeters (cc's) and based on fuel type (gasoline versus any modified fuels).
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Though basically similar, sprinting and drag racing have essential differences. Sprinting is a race against the clock, even if other competitors are taking part at the same time. Drag racing is more of a contest, often between a couple of
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Superbike racing is the category of motorcycle road racing that employs modified production motorcycles, as with touring cars. Superbike racing motorcycles must have four stroke engines of between 800 cc and 1200 cc for
963:) are much bigger than enduros. Typically using larger bikes than other off-road sports, these events take place over many days, travelling hundreds of miles across primarily open off-road terrain. The most famous example is the
690:, and must satisfy the FIM homologation requirements. Supersport regulations are much tighter than Superbikes. Supersport machines must remain largely as standard, while engine tuning is possible but tightly regulated.
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at world level), often on grass (although other surfaces exist) and even feature elevation changes. Machinery is very similar to a speedway bike (still no brakes, but normally two gears, rear suspension, etc.).
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run either to cover a set distance in laps as quickly as possible, or to cover as much distance as possible over a preset amount of time. Reliability of the motorcycles used for endurance racing is paramount.
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the corners, though riders can often perform what is known as a "feet-up slide", using throttle control, body lean and steering alone to power-slide through the turns, without sliding on their steel shoe.
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In addition to traditional Time Card
Enduros held over a long lap, a variety of other forms of sport have been taken up; notably "Short Course Enduros", a shorter (in lap length) form of Time Card Enduros
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Some of the regulations include, air-cooled two-Stroke engines, drum brakes and kick starters. These features add to the nostalgic charm and require riders to adapt their riding techniques accordingly.
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large baseball, soccer, and football stadiums, leading to
Motocross being now termed the "outdoors". However, in Europe it is a less popular sport, as the predominant focus there is on Motocross.
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Track racing is a form of motorcycle racing where teams or individuals race opponents around an oval track. There are differing variants, with each variant racing on a different surface type.
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machines. The motorcycles must maintain the same profile as their roadgoing counterparts. The overall appearance, seen from the front, rear and sides, must correspond to that of the bike
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Supersport racing is another category of motorcycle road racing that employs modified production motorcycles. To be eligible for
Supersport racing, a motorcycle must have a
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on long circuits. Ireland has many road racing circuits still in use. Other countries with road races are the
Netherlands, Finland, Spain, Belgium, Germany, Great Britain (
528:. The latter accounts for the majority of road races that take place each season, with an award for the highest placed rider. Prominent road races include the
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make the machine perform optimally; the way in which a passenger shifts body weight across the sidecar is crucial to its performance around corners.
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Arenacross Arenas or sometimes smaller, these tight indoor race tracks require the riders to have accurate throttle control to negotiate them.
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872:(WEC) that has events across Europe, with a few excursions to North America. The most significant event in the Enduro calendar is the
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mile in length, while a TT event can be of any length, but it must have at least one right turn and at least one jump to qualify.
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Grand Prix motorcycle racing refers to the premier category of motorcycle road racing. It is divided into three distinct classes:
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and WERA Motorcycle Roadracing, which has several vintage classes along with modern racers. Of historical importance is the
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was the first permanent drag-strip established in UK and Europe in 1966. Writing in his 1970 book, Peter Carrick stated:
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replaced Honda as the controlled-engine supplier for Moto2. The new engines are based on the 2017 Triumph Street Triple
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Auto Race is a Japanese version of track racing held on an asphalt oval course and seen as a gambling sport.
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classifies motorcycle racing in the following four main categories. Each category has several subcategories.
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also exists encompassing many events across the world, typically in desert nations. Such events include the
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Grasstrack is outdoor speedway. The track are longer (400 m+, hence it is often also referred to as
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riders, collectors, and fans who appreciate the history and craftsmanship of these classic machines.
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championships exist, the first is the International Road Racing Championship , the other is the
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for use on public roads even though the mechanical elements of the machine have been modified.
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race. This form of road racing differs from others as it takes the form of an individual
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1770:"Super Hooligans Racing - Motorcycle Parts and Riding Gear - Roland Sands Design - RSD"
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Grand Prix motorcycles are prototype machines not based on any production motorcycle.
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1885:– Sanctioning Body for Sportsman Level motorcycle road racing in the United States
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This is drag racing, a young sport in England, but growing faster than any other
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Sprinting occurred on disused and re-purposed airstrips, and on a few sea-front
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Drag racing or sprints is a racing venue where two participants line up at a
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Speedway racing takes place on a flat oval track usually consisting of
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Before they were finalized on 1000 cc four strokes in 2012.
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1879:– "governing body of motor cycle sport on the island of Ireland
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motorcycles using Nitromethane also compete in this category.
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1411:. The main organizations that sponsor vintage racing are the
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983:. These events often run alongside "car" rallies (under the
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Annual '75, 1974, p. 20, a Patrick Stephens publication,
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1746:"Super Hooligan Racing Is Now A National Racing Series"
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The sanctioning body for most US vintage racing is the
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four-stroke Moto2 machines were allowed. Beginning in
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1248:competition licence. Brown's machines included the
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163:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
743:Sidecar racing has many sub-categories including:
481:. The races can be held either on a purpose-built
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1413:American Historic Racing Motorcycle Association
640:, and between 750 cc and 1000 cc for
686:machines, and between 600 and 750 cc for
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1236:until his death in 1967, succeeded by former
969:FIM Cross-Country Rallies World Championship
1583:"Home - Vintage Enduro Riders incorporated"
901:is the main championship in this category.
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792:for bikes with two shock absorbers, etc.).
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1911:
1897:
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682:engine of between 250 and 600 cc for
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1835:Fédération Internationale de Motocyclismo
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1823:Motorcycle Racing News on Motorsport.com
1807:) is being considered for deletion. See
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248:This article includes a list of general
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1467:Outline of motorcycles and motorcycling
1306:, part of added attractions during the
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1597:"VINDURO NZ - JOHN NICK'S ADVENTURES"
819:A Supermoto rider on a tarmac section
1867:(MSA) – South African governing body
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489:utilizing temporarily closed public
473:Road racing is a form of motorcycle
439:and off-road racing, both either on
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161:adding citations to reliable sources
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1288:-mile distance, although some used
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1340:contributor Jim Reynolds stated: "
1240:employee and sprint-record holder
1128:Ice Racing using full-rubber tyres
1037:A.M.A. Grand National Championship
899:FIM Hard Enduro World Championship
254:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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1859:American Motorcyclist Association
1811:to help reach a consensus. ›
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1625:"Tests and features - VINDURO NZ"
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1409:American Motorcyclist Association
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327:2021 German motorcycle Grand Prix
45:This article has multiple issues.
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1978:
1005:Indoor short track and TT Racing
932:Hare Scramble racer at Hyden, Ky
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747:Sidecarcross (sidecar motocross)
735:Sidecar racing is a category of
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1298:-mile, as still happens at the
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670:British Supersport Championship
148:needs additional citations for
53:or discuss these issues on the
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27:Racing sport using motorcycles
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1873:(FFM) – French governing body
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1611:"VERi motorcycle eligibility"
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874:International Six Days Enduro
851:Former World Enduro Champion
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708:Endurance racing (motorsport)
674:Supersport World Championship
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1877:Motor Cycle Union of Ireland
1871:Federation Francaise de moto
1853:Supercross Motorcycle Racing
1837:(FIM) – World governing body
1369:Motorcycle land speed record
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562:Grand Prix motorcycle racing
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2456:Radio-controlled car racing
1843:- Australian Governing Body
1841:Motorcycling Australia (MA)
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830:(such as urban locations).
666:AMA Supersport Championship
101:the claims made and adding
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2111:Mountain bike orienteering
1918:
1539:"MotoGP™ Basics - Engines"
1452:List of auto racing tracks
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607:2008–2009 financial crisis
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1719:Nine mind-bending seconds
1442:Motorcycle chariot racing
870:World Enduro Championship
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769:Start of a Motocross race
526:Duke Road Racing Rankings
413:(All invitational sports)
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2430:Inshore powerboat racing
1809:templates for discussion
1707:Brown's Record Swan Song
1013:Track racing motorcycles
838:Enduro and cross-country
2583:List of forms of racing
1950:Middle-distance running
1883:Championship Cup Series
1709:. Accessed 8 April 2017
1641:. speedwaychampions.com
1162:eventual obsolescence.
497:Traditional road racing
269:more precise citations.
2425:Jet sprint boat racing
1865:Motosport South Africa
1639:"Grasstrack Champions"
1569:"Vintage - Fim Europe"
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437:motorcycle road racing
2028:Cross country running
1955:Long-distance running
1735:Accessed 2 April 2017
1515:. FIM. Archived from
1513:"Sport - Road Racing"
1489:. FIM. Archived from
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959:, alternate spelling
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548:Motorcycle Grand Prix
504:
443:or open courses, and
2522:Cross-country skiing
2496:Slalom skateboarding
2179:Mountain bike racing
1663:. grasstrackgb.co.uk
1487:"History of the FIM"
157:improve this article
2330:Pickup truck racing
2265:Paralympic swimming
2255:Open water swimming
2164:Road bicycle racing
1849:– UK governing body
1774:www.rolandsands.com
1493:on 24 February 2009
1384:historic motorsport
1197:Drag racing/sprints
1069:Motorcycle speedway
941:Cross-country rally
593:Triumph Motorcycles
335:governing body
317:
172:"Motorcycle racing"
2546:Multi-sport racing
2345:Touring car racing
2131:Canoe orienteering
2126:Radio orienteering
2121:Trail orienteering
1829:Sanctioning bodies
1689:Motor Cycle Racing
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1254:normally-aspirated
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2335:Sports car racing
2260:Marathon swimming
2141:Mountain marathon
2106:Foot orienteering
2092:
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1814:Motorcycle racing
1447:Automobile racing
1334:Writing in 1974,
1316:Santa Pod Raceway
1252:Vincent-engined,
1178:Auto Race Circuit
1174:A race starts in
753:F1/F2 road racing
660:Supersport racing
652:Supersport racing
585:controlled-engine
538:Ulster Grand Prix
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316:Motorcycle racing
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2222:Greyhound racing
2146:Car orienteering
2116:Ski orienteering
2079:Snowshoe running
2074:Backward running
2033:Mountain running
2021:Off-road running
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694:Endurance racing
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625:Superbike racing
617:Superbike racing
579:: Introduced by
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421:motorcycle sport
409:; Indoor trials
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2491:Sandboarding
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2377:Beach racing
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2350:Truck racing
2293:Motor racing
2227:Horse racing
2217:Camel racing
2098:Orienteering
2038:Fell running
1989:Road running
1970:Steeplechase
1828:
1827:
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1777:. Retrieved
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346:First played
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155:Please help
150:verification
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2501:Street luge
2320:Kart racing
2310:Drag racing
2302:Auto racing
2169:Cyclo-cross
2069:Racewalking
1797:‹ The
1750:Cycle World
1702:Motor Cycle
1457:Racing game
1205:Drag Racing
1143:Board track
1087:broadsiding
965:Dakar Rally
953:Rallye Raid
892:Hard Enduro
868:There is a
680:four-stroke
646:homologated
469:Road racing
463:Road racing
435:) includes
429:moto racing
397:Motocross:
393:World Games
267:introducing
2451:Air racing
2392:Rally raid
2194:BMX racing
2048:Skyrunning
1960:Relay race
1779:2018-06-15
1755:2018-06-15
1733:0850591821
1553:18 January
1543:motogp.com
1523:18 January
1497:18 January
1473:References
1417:BikeBandit
1348:Hill climb
1276:promenades
1268:Super Nero
1261:, and the
1134:Ice Racing
1113:Long Track
1107:Grasstrack
1093:Grasstrack
955:or simply
947:Rally raid
802:Supercross
796:Supercross
664:See also:
514:Time Trial
451:Categories
250:references
213:March 2016
183:newspapers
111:April 2015
95:improve it
50:improve it
2568:Aquathlon
2558:Triathlon
2382:Motocross
2136:Rogaining
1945:Sprinting
1415:(AHRMA),
1217:dragstrip
1176:Kawaguchi
1166:Auto Race
825:Supermoto
811:Supermoto
790:Twinshock
775:Motocross
761:Motocross
510:Senior TT
360:Mixed-sex
99:verifying
56:talk page
2598:Category
2563:Duathlon
2537:Sledding
2275:Climbing
2247:Swimming
2002:Marathon
1965:Hurdling
1799:template
1667:20 March
1645:20 March
1436:See also
1314:events.
1265:version
1222:top fuel
1063:Speedway
1055:Speedway
782:holeshot
485:or on a
441:circuits
377:Presence
333:Highest
2084:Parkour
1928:Running
1801:below (
1613:. VERi.
1585:. VERi.
1392:A 1972
1378:Vintage
1293:⁄
1283:⁄
1238:Vincent
1035:In the
1027:⁄
737:sidecar
383:Olympic
372:Outdoor
263:improve
197:scholar
93:Please
2188:Keirin
2012:Ekiden
1920:Racing
1818:Curlie
1804:Curlie
1731:
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1324:racers
1300:Ramsey
1250:V twin
979:, and
957:Rallye
860:Enduro
843:Enduro
672:, and
603:MotoGP
597:RS 765
536:, and
475:racing
425:racing
252:, but
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2057:Other
1394:Honda
1079:shale
961:Rally
884:and "
688:twins
638:twins
577:Moto2
571:Moto3
491:roads
204:JSTOR
190:books
1729:ISBN
1669:2017
1647:2017
1555:2016
1525:2016
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1310:and
1258:Nero
1075:dirt
589:2019
507:2010
455:The
431:and
419:The
411:2005
407:2017
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399:1985
369:Type
176:news
1816:at
1344:".
1246:ACU
1085:or
987:).
985:FIA
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457:FIM
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364:Yes
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