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for raising their son, Pavel Vlasov, to her, but unexpectedly dies. Pavel noticeably begins to emulate his father in his drunkenness and stammer, but suddenly becomes involved in revolutionary activities. Abandoning drinking, Pavel starts to bring books and friends to his home. Being illiterate and having no political interest, Nilovna is at first cautious about Pavel's new activities. However, she wants to help him. Pavel is shown as the main revolutionary character; the other revolutionary characters of the novel are Vlasov's friends, the anarchist peasant agitator Rybin and the
Ukrainian Andrey Nakhodka, who expresses the idea of Socialist internationalism. Nevertheless Nilovna, moved by her maternal feelings and, though uneducated, overcoming her political ignorance to become involved in revolution, is considered the true protagonist of the novel.
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convey ideas about truth-searching. 'They’ve deceived us with God too!' says one of the characters before leaving the factory to go around villages, determined to open people’s eyes to the way they are being exploited: by the priests, the authorities, the 'gentlefolk'. 'People won't believe the naked word — suffering's needed, the word has to be washed in blood,' he warns, his words sounding especially ominous now, after a century of revolutions. The book's central theme is the mother's awakening from a life of fear and ignorance...
29:
262:, Ilya Serman, Marylin Minto and many others. As Minto notes, Nilovna's portrayal is very successful, but the other characters are one-dimensional. Freeborn notes that the other characters are little more than "eloquent mouthpieces" of their points of view, although Gorky fixes the flaw by projecting them through Nilovna's apprehension of them.
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is the only big novel of Gorky on the
Russian revolutionary movement; however, of all his novels, it is possibly the least successful. Nevertheless, it remains the best known work of Gorky among the author's other novels. Modern critics consider it Gorky's most important pre-revolutionary novel as it
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In his novel, Gorky portrays the life of a woman who works in a
Russian factory doing hard manual labour and combating poverty and hunger, among other hardships. Pelageya Nilovna Vlasova is the real protagonist; her husband, a heavy drunkard, physically assaults her and leaves all the responsibility
173:
Gorky was personally connected to the novel as it is based on real life events, revolving around Anna
Zalomova and her son Pyotr Zalomov. Gorky, being a distant relative of Anna Zalomova who visited Gorky's family when he was a child, had a deeper connection to the story. The event took place during
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The
Bolsheviks praised the novel as a paean to socialist ideals, but its message encompasses more than mere class struggle. It is full of Biblical allusions: the revolutionaries are portrayed as saints, ready for martyrdom; Pavel speaks with 'the ardour of a disciple'; the Gospels are quoted to
170:, Gorky tried to raise the spirit of the proletarian movement by conveying the political agenda among the readers through his work. He was trying to raise spirit among the revolutionaries to battle the defeatist mood.
247:, saying that it was "an unsuccessful thing, not only in its external appearance, because it is long, boring and carelessly written, but chiefly because it is insufficiently democratic."
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on this novel. Modern critics consider it possibly the least successful of Gorky's novels, however, they call it Gorky's most important novel written before 1917.
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Although Gorky was highly critical of the novel, the work was translated into many languages, and was made into a number of films. The German playwright
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in the US and later by Ivan
Ladyzhnikov Publishers in Germany. In Russia, it was published legally only after the
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during the proletarian revolution. More to it, while Gorky's other works are more or less autobiographical, in
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Gorky wrote the novel on a trip to the United States in 1906. The political agenda behind the novel was clear.
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and Gorky's other novels, written before 1910 have been widely described in reviews and critical essays by
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is his only long work devoted to the
Russian revolutionary movement and because of the vivid image of his "
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Representation and the
Twentieth-century Novel: Studies in Gorky, Joyce and Pynchon
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314:. In the later years, the novel was adapted in two other films of the same name.
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Russian and Soviet Film
Adaptations of Literature, 1900–2001: Screening the Word
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writes, it is important, as it is his only work, written specifically about the
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Being considered one of the most influential novels of the century worldwide,
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Reference Guide to
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in 1902. The shipbuilding town of Sormovo was near Gorky's native town,
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Sollars, Michael David; Jennings, Arbolina Llamas, eds. (2015).
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419:. Vol. VII. New York. July–December 1906. pp. 721ff.
239:, the novel was declared by authorities as "the first work of
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443:. Companion to literature. Infobase Learning. p. 1409.
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The Theatre of Bertolt Brecht: A Study from Eight Aspects
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factory workers. It was first published, in English, in
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Gorky "moved nearly towards pure fictional invention."
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The Russian Revolutionary Novel: Turgenev to Pasternak
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In 1905, after the defeat of Russia's first revolution
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Hutchings, Stephen; Vernitskaia, Anat, eds. (2004).
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575:"Revolution now and then | the Spectator"
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1042:The I.V. Stalin White Sea – Baltic Sea Canal
152:and his collaborators based their 1932 play
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594:. Königshausen & Neumann. p. 85.
296:was made in 1926 into a silent film under
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33:First edition in United States (1907)
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683:The Routledge Encyclopedia of Films
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195:because of the Tsarist censorship.
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520:П. Басинский. Евангелие от Максима
145:in 1906, then in Russian in 1907.
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1237:Russian novels adapted into films
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185:The novel was first published by
1079:Maxim Gorky Literature Institute
714:. April 24, 2010. Archived from
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1267:D. Appleton & Company books
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440:Encyclopedia of the World Novel
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208:Popular and critical reception
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1242:Novels about revolutionaries
896:Creatures That Once Were Men
235:After Gorky's return to the
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324:which released in 1955 and
250:Numerous artistic flaws of
174:a May Day demonstration in
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10:
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1262:Russian Revolution of 1905
1074:Gorky Park (Rostov-on-Don)
686:. Routledge. p. 185.
540:Cambridge University Press
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903:Twenty-six Men and a Girl
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832:The Life of a Useless Man
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708:"CM to launch 'Ilaignan'"
621:. Routledge. p. 25.
464:Margaret Wettlin (2008).
366:D. Appleton & Company
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96:Published in English
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81:D. Appleton & Company
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16:1906 novel by Maxim Gorky
1247:Russian political novels
131:) is a novel written by
856:The Life of Klim Samgin
588:Paul D. Morris (2005).
500:Encyclopædia Britannica
371:1947: Isidore Schneider
355:is based on the novel.
198:
848:The Artamonov Business
285:
1232:Novels by Maxim Gorky
269:
359:English translations
64:Sigmund de Ivanowsky
1227:1906 Russian novels
1069:Gorky Park (Moscow)
1064:Maxim Gorki Theatre
945:Children of the Sun
577:. January 21, 2016.
416:Appleton's Magazine
193:February Revolution
188:Appleton's Magazine
142:Appleton's Magazine
49:Original title
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300:'s direction with
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1252:Socrealist novels
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718:on April 26, 2010
364:1906: anonymous,
298:Vsevolod Pudovkin
241:Socialist realism
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87:Publication place
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840:A Confession
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720:. Retrieved
716:the original
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351:directed by
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1131:Maxim Gorky
1038:(1913–1923)
1029:Non-fiction
1001:The Old Man
996:(1910/1935)
882:Old Izergil
859:(1925–1936)
784:Maxim Gorky
349:action film
288:Adaptations
226:proletariat
218:God-Builder
133:Maxim Gorky
61:Illustrator
43:Maxim Gorky
1221:Categories
1204:The Mother
1169:Die Mutter
953:Barbarians
937:Summerfolk
712:IndiaGlitz
655:. p.
651:. London:
549:0521317371
506:October 2,
393:References
386:Alma Books
382:Hugh Aplin
344:-language
311:Die Mutter
162:Background
155:The Mother
977:Reception
722:March 16,
122:romanized
77:Publisher
1185:Ilaignan
905:" (1899)
898:" (1897)
891:" (1895)
889:Chelkash
884:" (1895)
877:" (1892)
645:(1959).
542:. 1985.
337:Ilaignan
334:(1990).
275:—
69:Language
961:Enemies
653:Methuen
176:Sormovo
124::
113:Russian
72:Russian
22:Mother
1207:(play)
1188:(2011)
1180:(1990)
1177:Mother
1172:(1958)
1164:(1955)
1161:Mother
1156:(1926)
1153:Mother
1139:(1906)
1136:Mother
1089:Znanie
1021:(1901)
1012:Poetry
1004:(1915)
988:(1910)
980:(1910)
972:(1908)
964:(1906)
956:(1905)
948:(1905)
940:(1904)
932:(1902)
924:(1901)
851:(1925)
843:(1908)
835:(1908)
827:(1906)
824:Mother
819:(1901)
811:(1899)
800:Novels
743:Mother
690:
663:
625:
598:
546:
477:
469:Mother
447:
409:Mother
380:2016:
374:1949:
346:period
331:Mother
321:Mother
294:Mother
282:, 2016
266:Themes
252:Mother
245:Mother
230:Mother
213:Mother
108:Mother
39:Author
1196:Stage
1145:Films
1084:Sreda
913:Plays
342:Tamil
724:2016
688:ISBN
661:ISBN
623:ISBN
596:ISBN
544:ISBN
508:2021
475:ISBN
445:ISBN
199:Plot
128:Mat'
117:Мать
100:1906
54:Мать
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