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302:'s death, the American army liberated all the sub-camps of Mauthausen, including Ebensee, where Moshe Ha-Elion was a prisoner. Three American tanks entered Ebensee. Some prisoners were touching them to be sure that they were real. Some inmates were crying, some were shouting. Moshe Ha-Elion recalls that the Polish inmates were singing the Polish hymn, the Greek inmates were singing the Greek hymn and the French inmates were singing
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Moshe's father died on 15 April 1941, just a few days after the Nazis invaded
Thessaloniki (9 April 1941). Moshe's mother and sister were gassed in Auschwitz upon arrival (13 April 1943). On 2 February 1947, Moshe married Haná Waldman in Palestine, whom he had met in Italy. They had a daughter called
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After the liberation, Moshe Ha-Elion decided not to come back to
Thessaloniki, and illegally emigrated to Palestine on board the Wedgewood boat in June 1946, after being in the south of Italy for one year. The boat was taken by the British army. Moshe was imprisoned for one month in a British camp in
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On 21 January 1945, Moshe was forced, together with thousands of prisoners, to march. He describes the death march in his poem "En marcha de la muerte". Every now and then, Moshe could hear the guns killing the victims who could no longer walk. On the second day they arrived at a train station. The
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for 21 months, until 1945. "Auschwitz was hell (...) It was a place where you never knew if you were going to be alive the next minute. A place where children could not live... they were condemned to die, as well as their mothers. Only the ones that could work could live for some time. The rest, to
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On 4 April 1943, Moshe and his family (his mother and sister, both of Moshe's maternal grandparents, his uncle with his wife and their one year old child) were ordered to the Baron Hirsch ghetto believing that from there they will be transported and resettled in Poland. They packed their bags which
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In the summer of 1942, the persecution of the Jews of
Thessaloniki started. On 11 July 1942, all Jewish men between the ages of 18 and 45 were ordered to concentrate in the Independence Square of Thessaloniki for "registration". In the square, the Jews suffered their first humiliations: the Germans
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In 1936 there were some anti-Semitic attacks in
Thessaloniki. Moshe was then 11 years old. Although his family was Zionist, they never thought of leaving Thessaloniki. When the Germans invaded Thessaloniki (9 April 1941), everything changed: "When the Germans entered, we a big fear ... because we
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family. Moshe's grandfather was a rabbi. Moshe's father, Eliau, worked as a bookkeeper in a shop. His mother, Rachel, was a housewife. His sister (a year and a half younger than him) was Ester (Nina). The family spoke Ladino at home. Outside the house, they spoke Greek. Moshe also learned Hebrew.
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Moshe Ha-Elion was the president of the "Asosiasión de los
Reskapados de los Kampos de Eksterminasión, Orijinarios de Grecha en Israel" (Association of the Holocaust Survivors from Greece in Israel) from 2001 until 2015. Before that, and for 25 years, he was a member of the Association and vice
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On 15 March 1943, the
Germans began deporting Jews from Thessaloniki. Every three days, freight cars crammed with an average of 2,000 Thessaloniki Jews headed toward Auschwitz-Birkenau. By the summer of 1943, the Germans had deported 46,091 Jews. Most of the deportees were gassed on arrival in
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Moshe was forced to work at
Mauthausen concentration camp and then he was transferred to Melk, where he worked as a forced labourer in a munitions factory, inside the mountains, in tunnels. When the Allies were approaching the camps, the Germans took the prisoners through the
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forced them to do gymnastics in the hot weather and did not allow them to drink water. Moshe and the rest of the Jewish community of
Thessaloniki were informed by German Nazi officials that they would all be relocated to Poland. Then, Jews were ordered to wear the
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In the morning of 7 April 1943 Moshe and his family were transported in freight wagons packed with people. They travelled for six days and nights. He describes the deportation in his poem "La djovenika al lager". On the night of 13 April they arrived to
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Moshe studied at the
Primary School "Talmud Torá" of the Jewish Community of Thessaloniki. The principal of the school was Moshe's uncle (Moshe's father's brother). Afterwards, he continued his studies at a public Greek gymnasium in Thessaloniki.
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for more than 10 years. He was also a member of the board of the Lión
Recanati CASA and Honorary President of the "Chentro de Erensia de las komunidades de Saloniki i de Grecha" (Center of Heritage of the Saloniki and Greece Communities).
439:, a poetic and autobiographical text written in Ladino and formed of three very large poems: "La djovenika al lager" (dedicated to his sister); "Komo komian el pan"; and "En marcha de la muerte" (poem that describes his death march).
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In 2015, Moshe said: "Two years ago I was in Auschwitz, with my daughter and my granddaughter, and my granddaughter was pregnant. We were there, four generations, at the place where they tried to kill me. That's my victory".
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Shay Le-Navon - La Odisea Trezladada en Ladino i Ebreo del Grego Antiguo: Prezentada kon Estima i Afeksion a Yitshak Navon, Sinken Prezidente de Israel i Prezidente de la Autoridad Nasionala del Ladino al Kumplir Noventa
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Moshe's mother and sister were gassed upon arrival. Moshe's maternal grandparents, his uncle's wife and his one-year-old son were also gassed upon arrival. Moshe's uncle was murdered in Auschwitz some months later.
282:. The hunger was atrocious. Moshe had to eat carbon to survive. In his poem "Komo komian el pan", Moshe writes that during his years as a prisoner in the Nazi concentration camps his stomach was always crying.
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based on his experience in the concentration camps and the death march: "La djovenika al lager", "Komo komian el pan", and "En marcha de la muerte", published in Ladino and Hebrew under the title
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Rahel and a son called Elí. Moshe had six grandchildren and five great-grandchildren. Haná Waldman died on 1 September 2010. Ha-Elion died on 1 November 2022, at the age of 97.
467:. Originally written in Ladino. Hebrew translation by Avner Perez. Bilingual edition in Ladino & Hebrew. Published by Instituto Maale Adumim, Maale Adumim, Israel, 2000.
343:. In 1970 he retired from his military career as a lieutenant colonel and finally in 1976, while serving in the reserved forces, he was named colonel. Moshe worked in the
871:"La djovenika al lager". Jewish Community Choir of Thessaloniki. Kostis Papazoglou, conductor. Music & poem by Moshe Ha Elion. Recited in Ladino by Moshe Ha Elion.
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The message of Moshe Ha-Elion was: "The world must not forget (...) The Jewish people we are always going to remember, but the whole world has to know what happened".
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225:. Of those, 1,950 survived. Fewer than 5,000 of the 80,000 Jews living in Greece survived. The majority, after being rescued from the camps, emigrated to Israel.
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483:(Ladino translation of מיצרי שאול). Language: Ladino. Published by Sentro Moshe David Gaon de Kultura Djudeo-Espanyola / Universidad Ben-Gurion del Negev, 2007
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included warm clothing they bought especially for settling in Poland, left their keys with their non-Jewish neighbors and moved to the Baron Hirsch ghetto.
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Las Angustias del Enferno: Las pasadias de un Djidio de Saloniki en los kampos de eksterminasion almanes Auschwitz, Mauthausen, Melk i Ebensee
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90:(26 February 1925 – 1 November 2022), also written Moshe Haelion, Moshe 'Ha-Elion, Moshé Ha-Elion, Moshé 'Ha-Elion, Moshé Haelyon, was a
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Moshe Ha-Elion returned to Auschwitz several times in order to commemorate the victims of the Holocaust. In March 1987 he visited the
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and forced into two ghettos, one in the east of Thessaloniki and one in the western, called Baron Hirsch, adjacent to the rail lines.
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The Straits of Hell: The Chronicle of a Salonikan Jew in the Nazi Extermination Camps Auschwitz, Mauthausen, Melk, Ebensee (Peleus)
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The first transport of Jews from Thessaloniki to Poland left on 15 March 1943. All transports left from the Baron Hirsch ghetto.
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Moshe Ha-Elion talks about the deportation of the Jews of Thessaloniki to the extermination Nazi camps. In Ladino. Yad Vashem.
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Moshe Ha-Elion. La testimonianza di uno dei sopravvissuti alla Shoah. Papa Francesco in Terra Santa. In Italian & English
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The Straits of Hell. The chronicle of a Salonikan Jew in the Nazi extermination camps Auschwitz, Mauthausen, Melk, Ebensee
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The Straits of Hell. The chronicle of a Salonikan Jew in the Nazi extermination camps Auschwitz, Mauthausen, Melk, Ebensee
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The Straits of Hell: The chronicle of a Salonikan Jew in the Nazi extermination camps Auschwitz, Mauthausen, Melk, Ebensee
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and was first an assistant and then head of an operational unit. He then worked for the administration until he retired.
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Photo of the Nazi extermination camp at Auschwitz-Birkenau, taken by a United States Army Air Force plane, 25 August 1944
121:. He is the author of a memoir, מיצרי שאול (Meizarey Sheol), originally written in Hebrew and translated into English as
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En los Kampos de la Muerte. A show created by Rubato Appassionato and Gary Shochat based on the work by Moshe 'Ha-Elion.
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Ha-Elion said that he has been in Auschwitz 15 times, but, he remarked ironically, the first one was against his will.
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has been adapted to a theater-music-poetic show by the baroque ensemble Rubato Appassionato and actor Gary Shochat.
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together with his daughter, a group of other survivors and a radio crew of the Israeli radio station "Galei Zahal".
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Moshe Ha-Elion was tattooed in Auschwitz with the number 114923 on his left arm. He worked in forced labour in
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https://www.ushmm.org/information/exhibitions/online-features/special-focus/holocaust-in-greece/thessaloniki
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Registration of the Jews of Thessaloniki, July 1942, Eleftherias Square. Bundesarchiv Bild 101I-168-0894-21A
166:, the persecutions." Moshe's father died on 15 April 1941, six days after the Germans invaded Thessaloniki.
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into Ladino. He lived in Israel. He had two children, six grandchildren, and nine great-grandchildren.
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prisoners were put inside freight wagons without water or food. After three days, they arrived at
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that states a Knowledge editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.
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715:"En marcha de la muerte". En los Kampos de la Muerte, pp. 42-87. Maale Adumim, Israel, 2000.
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461:מיצרי שאול. Written and published in Hebrew. Magav Mada Vetechnologia Ltd. Tel-Aviv, 1992.
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http://www.elmundo.es/la-aventura-de-la-historia/2016/01/27/56a7b0ea46163f06028b45e4.html
473:. (English translation of מיצרי שאול). Mannheim: Bibliopolis and Cincinnati: BCAP, 2005.
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Moshe Ha-Elion talks about the transfer and arrival to Auschwitz. In Ladino. Yad Vashem.
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800:"La djovenika al lager". En los Kampos de la Muerte, p. 20. Maale Adumim, Israel, 2000.
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https://www.yahoo.com/news/jews-greece-mark-wwii-nazi-deportation-223745848.html?ref=gs
676:"La djovenika al lager". En los Kampos de la Muerte, p. 15. Maale Adumim, Israel, 2000.
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Moshe got his Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) and master's degree (M.A.) in Humanitas from the
232:"Arbeit macht frei" sign, main gate of the Auschwitz I concentration camp, Poland, 2005
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president. After 2015 he received the title of Honorary President of the Association.
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750:"Komo komian el pan". En los Kampos de la Muerte, p. 39. Maale Adumim, Israel, 2000.
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Moshe Ha-Elion talks about the arrival at Auschwitz and the selection. In Hebrew.
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489:. (English translation of מיצרי שאול). Published by Otto Harrassowitz, 2009.
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Costas Kantouris: Jews in Greece mark WWII Nazi deportation. 17 March 2013:
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Rubato Appassionato. En los Kampos de la Muerte. Poems by Moshe 'Ha-Elion:
503:. Homer / Ha-Elion, Moshe; Perez, Avner Published by Yeriot, 2011 and 2014
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Moshe Ha Elion. מיצרי שאול. Magav Mada Vetechnologia Ltd. Tel-Aviv, 1992.
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Mauthausen, Melk and Ebensee were located in Austria which was a part of
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http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/pressroom/magazine/pdf/yv_magazine80.pdf
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428:) written in Hebrew and translated into English in 2005 with the title
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Survivors of the Ebensee concentration camp, after the liberation, 1945
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In 1992 Moshe Ha-Elion published an autobiography called מיצרי שאול (
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http://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/about/events/pope/francis/meeting.asp
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Work, studies and Remembering the Shoah Organizations after the war
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Moshe Haelion, sobreviviente de Auschwitz. Grabado en la memoria:
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http://www.rubatoappassionato.com/en-los-kampos-de-la-muerte.html
339:. In 1950 he became an officer in the artillery division of the
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Oral history interview with Moshe Haelion. In English. USHMM.
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Moshe Ha-Elion at his home in Bat Yam, Israel. January 2016.
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Moshé Haelion, el verbo del horror nazi llamado Auschwitz:
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personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay
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Testimony of Holocaust survivor Moshe Ha-Elion. In Hebrew.
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https://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005422
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Moshe Ha-Elion also composed music for the first poem of
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Moshe Ha-Elion. Historia de un superviviente. In Ladino.
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knew from the newspapers what happened in Germany: the
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Moshe Ha-Elion. Sopravvissuto alla Shoah. In Italian.
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http://collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn532733
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Yad Vashem. The World Holocaust Remembrance Center.
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Moshe Ha-Elion. Testimony. In Ladino. Shalom / RTVE
221:By August 1943, 46,091 Greek Jews were deported to
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552:Oral history interview with Moshe Haelion. USHMM.
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759:Yad Vashem Magazine. Volume 80. June 2016:
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378:Flowers on the rails of Auschwitz-Birkenau
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308:. After, the Jewish inmates were singing
67:Learn how and when to remove this message
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133:. Moshe Ha-Elion translated Homer's
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956:Judaeo-Spanish-language poets
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335:Moshe Ha-Elion fought in the
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141:Biography: before deportation
258:Mauthausen, Melk and Ebensee
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782:. eSefarad. 1 November 2022
741:(El Mundo, 27 January 2016)
446:: "La djovenika al lager".
345:Israeli Ministry of Defense
145:Moshe Ha-Elion was born in
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465:En los Kampos de la Muerte
450:En los Kampos de la Muerte
444:En los Kampos de la Muerte
437:En los Kampos de la Muerte
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323:Atlit (located in British
131:En los Kampos de la Muerte
125:. He wrote three poems in
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608:18 September 2016 at the
456:Bibliography and Editions
581:(in Spanish), 1 May 2016
370:Coming back to Auschwitz
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508:References
363:Yad Vashem
286:Liberation
252:Mauthausen
104:Mauthausen
526:"Haaretz"
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311:Ha Tikvah
212:Auschwitz
190:Auschwitz
96:Auschwitz
57:July 2018
764:Archived
606:Archived
241:death".
531:31 July
273:Ebensee
135:Odyssey
119:Ebensee
43:Please
493:
300:Hitler
265:Danube
151:Greece
127:Ladino
117:, and
98:, the
501:Anios
115:]
788:2022
587:2024
533:2016
491:ISBN
269:Linz
108:Melk
341:IDF
327:).
902::
720:^
693:^
657:^
635:^
616:^
594:^
560:^
541:^
432:.
354:.
314:.
275:.
254:.
214:.
149:,
113:de
106:,
102:,
790:.
535:.
70:)
64:(
59:)
55:(
51:.
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