746:
197:
369:(Taungoo), to attack Yamethin, which is midway between Ava and Toungoo, from the south, while he marched from the north. But Yamethin's heavily fortified defenses prevailed. Sithu Kyawhtin died in battle, and Minkhaung called off the attack after a two-month-long siege. He appointed Sithu Kyawhtin's son
376:
His inability to regain control of the
Kyaukse granary meant Ava was never strong enough to pacify other regions. In 1482, Mingyi Swa of Prome died, and his brother Thado Minsaw of Tharrawaddy took over Prome, and declared himself independent. His nephew the king sent a force to attack Prome. But the
412:
In 1485, Mingyi Nyo assassinated his uncle Min Sithu, whom
Minkhaung appointed as governor of Toungoo only five years earlier. But Nyo quickly sent tributes to Ava. Minkhaung was not in a position to punish Nyo and accepted Nyo's submission. He formally granted Nyo Toungoo. Nyo remained a loyal ally
337:
King
Thihathura died in 1480, and Minkhaung II ascended the throne with the regnal name of Thirithuddhamma Yaza. As had become customary with the accession of each Ava king, Minkhaung needed to secure the loyalty of the rulers of each region in the kingdom. The new king's uncles in Prome and
424:
Ava and
Yamethin were locked in a series of wars until the end. Minye Kyawswa of Yamethin died in August/September 1500 (Tawthalin 862 ME). His brother Minkhaung died shortly after on 7 April 1501 (5th waning of Tagu 862 ME).
377:
Avan army could not take Prome, and retreated. Prome became an independent kingdom with territories up to
Tharrawaddy and Myede. (It would stay independent until 1533, and semi-independent under Ava's rule until 1542.)
433:
At his accession to the throne, Minkhaung made his seven-year-old eldest son the heir-apparent. In 1485, Minkhaung II made the 12-year-old prince was made joint-king with the title of Maha
Thihathura. The co-regent
438:
lived in the same palace with his father, and displayed a white umbrella as a symbol of sovereignty. He co-ruled with his father for 15 years but died in March 1501, a month before his father.
373:(or Sithunge) as the new governor of Toungoo. Ava continuously tried to subdue Yamethin in subsequent years but the rebellious province managed to stay independent for the rest of his reign.
417:
in the south. In 1492, after the death of King
Dhammazedi of Hanthawaddy, Nyo without Minkhaung's permission, sent a probing raid into Hanthawaddy territory. New Hanthawaddy king
354:
293:
joint-king and co-ruled the kingdom for 15 years. But
Thihathura II died a month before his father. Minkhaung II died in April 1501 and was succeeded by his younger son
388:
in the north also revolted. Minkhaung, still focused on
Yamethin, could not do much with the other revolts. By the 1490s, the Shan states previously loyal to Ava--
250:, a region to the east of Ava, revolted upon Minkhaung's accession to the Ava throne and stayed independent throughout Minkhaung's reign. The southern regions of
734:
687:
530:
400:(Thibaw) remained a steadfast ally of Ava. Mohyin in particular resumed its historic role in raiding Upper Burma towns, especially
1770:
597:
531:"Min-gyi-nyo, the Shan Invasions of Ava (1524β27), and the Beginnings of Expansionary Warfare in Toungoo Burma: 1486β1539"
214:
210:
655:
40:
421:
sent a retaliatory raid in 1495. By the end of his reign, Toungoo was equally powerful as its nominal overlord Ava.
278:(Kalay) had also broken away, and begun raiding northern Ava territories. Minkhaung increasingly came to rely on
727:
175:
127:
286:, for military assistance. By the end of his reign, Toungoo was equally powerful as its nominal overlord Ava.
1727:
1619:
17:
720:
362:
283:
246:
from 1480 to 1501. His 20-year reign was the beginning of the decline of Ava's hold on Upper Burma.
1163:
750:
413:
of Ava for the remainder of
Minkhaung's reign. In the 1490s, Toungoo fought against Yamethin and
1678:
1053:
338:
Tharrawaddy scarcely acknowledged him. But closer to Ava, his younger brothers, the rulers of
1609:
1502:
986:
318:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1631:
1300:
1072:
966:
704:
574:
435:
370:
290:
139:
8:
1385:
1350:
1280:
1111:
929:
414:
314:
545:
1517:
1375:
1233:
1043:
991:
924:
795:
588:
326:
255:
185:
606:(in Burmese). Vol. 1β3 (2003 ed.). Yangon: Ministry of Information, Myanmar.
569:(in Burmese). Vol. 1β3 (2006, 4th printing ed.). Yangon: Ya-Pyei Publishing.
1512:
1420:
1173:
1063:
1058:
976:
939:
880:
850:
790:
680:
648:
396:
along with Mohnyin and Momeik had also escaped Ava's control. Only the Shan state of
306:
165:
134:
61:
1646:
1410:
1355:
934:
914:
870:
238:
230:
218:
204:
92:
1693:
1604:
1527:
1470:
1380:
1370:
1360:
1340:
1077:
1033:
949:
775:
665:
602:
294:
143:
71:
1594:
1475:
1405:
1101:
1096:
1038:
1023:
1001:
981:
919:
860:
339:
745:
1749:
1559:
1490:
1480:
1465:
1425:
1365:
1208:
1048:
884:
865:
840:
758:
418:
155:
313:
region in fief. His younger brothers also ruled various regions. His uncles
1544:
1455:
1435:
1415:
1335:
1325:
1270:
1218:
1193:
1178:
1153:
1013:
971:
900:
835:
780:
712:
565:
1668:
1663:
1636:
1579:
1569:
1564:
1554:
1330:
1315:
1255:
1245:
1188:
1183:
1028:
825:
619:
259:
243:
1708:
1703:
1658:
1549:
1539:
1507:
1445:
1430:
1400:
1395:
1320:
1310:
1275:
1265:
1260:
1203:
1198:
1018:
896:
845:
820:
592:(1960 ed.). Historical Research Directorate of the Union of Burma.
279:
88:
309:
who made him crown prince during his reign (1468β1480), and was given
1698:
1683:
1673:
1599:
1390:
1345:
1290:
1250:
1223:
1213:
1168:
1091:
1086:
810:
258:
revolted in 1482, and also stayed independent. By the mid-1490s, the
114:
596:
586:
Royal Historians of Burma (c. 1680). U Hla Tin (Hla Thamein) (ed.).
1688:
1589:
1450:
1285:
1158:
1143:
1138:
1128:
909:
904:
785:
361:
granary, was the greatest threat to Ava's power. Minkhaung ordered
343:
247:
1584:
1440:
1305:
1295:
961:
830:
805:
770:
693:
393:
381:
366:
358:
310:
267:
263:
150:
1574:
1123:
1082:
855:
815:
397:
385:
271:
1460:
1148:
1133:
800:
401:
389:
322:
275:
251:
585:
357:, which held the five irrigation districts of all important
96:
407:
1736:
Vassal of the Confederation of Shan States (1532β42)
1747:
728:
242:; 9 October 1446 β 7 April 1501) was king of
31:
742:
735:
721:
428:
528:
305:Minkhaung II was the eldest son of King
300:
510:
456:
215:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
1748:
573:
465:
447:
16:For other people named Minkhaung, see
716:
581:(1967 ed.). London: Susil Gupta.
483:
481:
479:
477:
342:and Se in the west, and the ruler of
237:
598:Royal Historical Commission of Burma
562:
503:
501:
499:
497:
495:
493:
365:, the former general and viceroy of
408:Alliance with Mingyi Nyo of Toungoo
13:
474:
380:Still in 1482, the Shan states of
346:in the southeast openly revolted.
14:
1782:
490:
289:Minkhaung II made his eldest son
744:
195:
538:SOAS Bulletin of Burma Research
522:
699:25 July 1468 β c. August 1480
575:Phayre, Lt. Gen. Sir Arthur P.
529:Fernquest, Jon (Autumn 2005).
321:ruled the southern regions of
176:Ameitta Thiri Maha Dhamma Dewi
1:
1771:15th-century Burmese monarchs
441:
349:
50:
1728:Confederation of Shan States
1620:Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom
471:Maha Yazawin Vol. 2 2006: 95
7:
239:[dαΉ΅tαΈjaΜ°mΙͺΜΙ°ΜΙ‘Γ ΚΙ°Μ]
10:
1787:
688:Heir to the Burmese Throne
53:August 1480 β 7 April 1501
18:Minkhaung (disambiguation)
15:
1717:
1645:
1618:
1526:
1489:
1232:
1110:
1000:
948:
879:
757:
701:
685:
677:
672:
662:
653:
645:
640:
613:
355:Minye Kyawswa of Yamethin
234:
181:
171:
161:
149:
133:
123:
103:
81:
77:
67:
57:
46:
39:
32:
28:
516:Hmannan Vol. 2 2003: 115
462:Hmannan Vol. 2 2003: 119
332:
1733:Brief revival (1550β52)
429:Joint rule with his son
128:Atula Thiri Dhamma Dewi
203:This article contains
87:Sunday, 4th waning of
1610:Mahadhammaraza Dipadi
301:Years as Crown Prince
1724:Mongol vassal (1297)
1632:Smim Htaw Buddhaketi
1116:1287β1539, 1550β1552
660:1480 β 7 April 1501
436:Thihathura II of Ava
1721:Regent or Co-Regent
1112:Hanthawaddy Kingdom
544:(2). Archived from
487:Phayre 1967: 86β87
415:Hanthawaddy Kingdom
1376:Muni Thudhammaraza
1044:Kale Kye-Taung Nyo
992:Minbyauk Thihapate
796:Kunhsaw Kyaunghpyu
589:Zatadawbon Yazawin
284:Viceroy of Toungoo
186:Theravada Buddhism
1743:
1742:
1421:Sanda Thuriya III
1174:Binnya Dhammaraza
851:Naratheinga Uzana
791:Nyaung-u Sawrahan
711:
710:
702:Succeeded by
663:Succeeded by
307:Thihathura of Ava
211:rendering support
191:
190:
1778:
1652:
1647:Konbaung dynasty
1625:
1533:
1496:
1411:Sanda Thuriya II
1239:
1117:
1007:
955:
890:
764:
751:Burmese monarchs
749:
748:
737:
730:
723:
714:
713:
678:Preceded by
646:Preceded by
636:
629:
611:
610:
607:
593:
582:
579:History of Burma
570:
563:Kala, U (1720).
559:
557:
556:
550:
535:
517:
514:
508:
505:
488:
485:
472:
469:
463:
460:
454:
451:
329:, respectively.
241:
236:
217: instead of
199:
198:
110:
52:
35:
34:
26:
25:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1776:
1775:
1746:
1745:
1744:
1739:
1713:
1650:
1649:
1641:
1623:
1622:
1614:
1605:Taninganway Min
1531:
1530:
1528:Toungoo dynasty
1522:
1494:
1493:
1485:
1471:Sanda Wimala II
1381:Sanda Thuriya I
1371:Wara Dhammaraza
1361:Sanda Thudhamma
1341:Thiri Thudhamma
1237:
1236:
1234:Mrauk U Kingdom
1228:
1115:
1114:
1106:
1054:Minye Kyawswa I
1005:
1004:
996:
953:
952:
950:Sagaing Kingdom
944:
888:
887:
875:
762:
761:
753:
743:
741:
707:
698:
690:
683:
668:
659:
651:
630:
624:
623:
616:
603:Hmannan Yazawin
554:
552:
548:
533:
525:
520:
515:
511:
506:
491:
486:
475:
470:
466:
461:
457:
452:
448:
444:
431:
410:
352:
335:
303:
297:(Narapati II).
295:Shwenankyawshin
235:αα―ααα αααΊαΈαα±α«ααΊ
224:
223:
222:
209:Without proper
200:
196:
142:
118:
112:
111:(aged 54)
108:
95:
86:
85:9 October 1446
33:αα―ααα αααΊαΈαα±α«ααΊ
30:
24:
21:
12:
11:
5:
1784:
1774:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1737:
1734:
1731:
1725:
1722:
1718:
1715:
1714:
1712:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1655:
1653:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1639:
1634:
1628:
1626:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1595:Minye Kyawhtin
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1536:
1534:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1499:
1497:
1487:
1486:
1484:
1483:
1478:
1476:Sanda Thaditha
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1406:Sanda Wimala I
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1242:
1240:
1230:
1229:
1227:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1120:
1118:
1108:
1107:
1105:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1080:
1075:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1010:
1008:
1002:Kingdom of Ava
998:
997:
995:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
958:
956:
946:
945:
943:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
912:
907:
893:
891:
885:Pinya Kingdoms
877:
876:
874:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
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773:
767:
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755:
754:
740:
739:
732:
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717:
709:
708:
703:
700:
684:
679:
675:
674:
670:
669:
664:
661:
652:
647:
643:
642:
641:Regnal titles
638:
637:
628:9 October 1446
617:
614:
609:
608:
594:
583:
571:
560:
524:
521:
519:
518:
509:
507:Fernquest 2005
489:
473:
464:
455:
445:
443:
440:
430:
427:
409:
406:
363:Sithu Kyawhtin
351:
348:
334:
331:
302:
299:
219:Burmese script
213:, you may see
205:Burmese script
201:
194:
193:
192:
189:
188:
183:
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173:
169:
168:
163:
159:
158:
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147:
146:
137:
131:
130:
125:
121:
120:
113:5th waning of
105:
101:
100:
83:
79:
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75:
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69:
65:
64:
59:
55:
54:
48:
44:
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22:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1735:
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1702:
1700:
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1690:
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1601:
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1543:
1541:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1529:
1525:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1492:
1491:Prome Kingdom
1488:
1482:
1481:Maha Thammada
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1466:Sanda Thumana
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1426:Naradipati II
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1366:Thiri Thuriya
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1241:
1235:
1231:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1209:Binnya Ran II
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
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1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1113:
1109:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1073:Thihathura II
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1049:Mohnyin Thado
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1009:
1003:
999:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
959:
957:
951:
947:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
902:
898:
895:
894:
892:
886:
882:
878:
872:
869:
867:
866:Narathihapate
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
768:
766:
760:
759:Pagan dynasty
756:
752:
747:
738:
733:
731:
726:
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705:Thihathura II
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692:as Prince of
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673:Royal titles
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551:on 2008-10-10
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29:Minkhaung II
27:
19:
1570:Minye Deibba
1545:Tabinshwehti
1503:Thado Minsaw
1456:Sanda Parama
1436:Sanda Wizala
1416:Sanda Wizaya
1219:Smim Sawhtut
1194:Leik Munhtaw
1179:Binnya Ran I
1154:Binnya E Law
1097:Narapati III
1069:Minkhaung II
1068:
1014:Thado Minbya
982:Anawrahta II
901:Yazathingyan
836:Naratheinkha
691:
686:
654:
635:7 April 1501
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566:Maha Yazawin
564:
553:. Retrieved
546:the original
541:
537:
523:Bibliography
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467:
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375:
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336:
319:Thado Minsaw
304:
288:
227:Minkhaung II
226:
225:
202:
109:(1501-04-07)
107:7 April 1501
1766:1446 births
1761:1501 deaths
1756:Ava dynasty
1694:Tharrawaddy
1669:Hsinbyushin
1664:Naungdawgyi
1637:Binnya Dala
1565:Anaukpetlun
1256:Ba Saw Phyu
1189:Binnya Kyan
1184:Binnya Waru
1102:Narapati IV
1078:Narapati II
1029:Minkhaung I
972:Anawrahta I
666:Narapati II
656:King of Ava
620:Ava Kingdom
327:Tharrawaddy
325:(Pyay) and
260:Shan states
256:Tharrawaddy
144:Narapati II
72:Narapati II
58:Predecessor
41:King of Ava
23:King of Ava
1750:Categories
1659:Alaungpaya
1550:Bayinnaung
1540:Mingyi Nyo
1508:Bayin Htwe
1446:Nara Apaya
1431:Narapawara
1401:Naradipati
1396:Kalamandat
1276:Salingathu
1266:Ba Saw Nyo
1204:Dhammazedi
1199:Shin Sawbu
1064:Thihathura
1059:Narapati I
1019:Swa Saw Ke
987:Tarabya II
930:Kyawswa II
897:Athinkhaya
846:Htilominlo
821:Kyansittha
681:Thihathura
649:Thihathura
555:2010-04-24
442:References
350:Rebellions
315:Mingyi Swa
280:Mingyi Nyo
166:Thihathura
89:Thadingyut
62:Thihathura
1730:(1527β55)
1684:Bodawpaya
1651:1752β1885
1624:1740β1757
1600:Sanay Min
1560:Nyaungyan
1532:1510β1752
1518:Minkhaung
1495:1482β1542
1391:Mayuppiya
1301:Minkhaung
1238:1429β1785
1224:Smim Htaw
1214:Takayutpi
1169:Razadarit
1164:Maha Dewi
1092:Hkonmaing
1087:Thohanbwa
1006:1364β1555
967:Tarabya I
954:1315β1364
925:Kyawswa I
889:1297β1364
881:Myinsaing
811:Anawrahta
392:(Kalay),
371:Min Sithu
115:Late Tagu
68:Successor
1689:Bagyidaw
1679:Phaungka
1590:Narawara
1513:Narapati
1451:Thirithu
1386:Nawrahta
1351:Narapati
1336:Khamaung
1326:Phalaung
1286:Gazapati
1271:Ran Aung
1159:Binnya U
1144:Zein Pun
1139:Saw Zein
1129:Hkun Law
1034:Thihathu
940:Uzana II
910:Thihathu
905:Thihathu
841:Sithu II
786:Theinhko
763:849β1297
600:(1832).
577:(1883).
344:Yamethin
248:Yamethin
182:Religion
1580:Pindale
1441:Madarit
1331:Razagyi
1316:Saw Hla
1306:Min Bin
1296:Thazata
1246:Saw Mon
1039:Min Hla
1024:Tarabya
962:Saw Yun
935:Narathu
915:Uzana I
871:Kyawswa
831:Narathu
826:Sithu I
806:Sokkate
771:Pyinbya
694:Dabayin
394:Mogaung
382:Mohnyin
367:Toungoo
359:Kyaukse
311:Dabayin
268:Mogaung
264:Mohnyin
231:Burmese
156:Mohnyin
124:Consort
1709:Thibaw
1704:Mindon
1575:Thalun
1321:Sekkya
1311:Dikkha
1261:Dawlya
1124:Wareru
1083:Sawlon
977:Kyaswa
856:Kyaswa
816:Saw Lu
776:Tannet
631:
398:Hsipaw
386:Momeik
282:, the
272:Momeik
172:Mother
162:Father
117:862 ME
99:(Inwa)
1699:Pagan
1674:Singu
1555:Nanda
1461:Apaya
1356:Thado
1346:Sanay
1291:Saw O
1251:Khayi
1149:Saw E
1134:Saw O
920:Sithu
861:Uzana
801:Kyiso
633:Died:
626:Born:
549:(PDF)
534:(PDF)
402:Myedu
340:Salin
333:Reign
323:Prome
252:Prome
151:House
135:Issue
47:Reign
1281:Raza
1085:and
1071:and
903:and
883:and
781:Sale
390:Kale
384:and
317:and
276:Kale
274:and
254:and
104:Died
91:808
82:Born
1585:Pye
262:of
244:Ava
119:Ava
97:Ava
1752::
899:,
540:.
536:.
492:^
476:^
404:.
270:,
266:,
233::
93:ME
51:c.
736:e
729:t
722:v
558:.
542:3
229:(
221:.
207:.
20:.
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