1488:'s implementation of DV video file, which is wrapped into an AVI container. Two variants of wrapping are available: with Type 1 the multiplexed audio and video is saved into the video section of a single AVI file, with Type 2 video and audio are saved as separate streams in an AVI file (one video stream and one to four audio streams). This container is used primarily on Windows-based computers, though Sony offers two tapeless recorders, the HDD-based HVR-DR60 and the CompactFlash-based HVR-MRC1K, for use with DV/HDV camcorders that can record in DV-AVI format either making a file-based copy of the tape or bypassing tape recording altogether. Panasonic AVCHD camcorders use Type 2 DV-AVI for recording DV video onto Secure Digital memory card.
1331:. Older Sony decks would not play large cassettes with DVCPRO recordings, but newer models can play these and M-size DVCPRO cassettes. These cassettes come in lengths up to 276 minutes of DV or HDV video (or 184 minutes for DVCAM). Unlike the VHS and Digital8 formats that use thinner tape for their longest-length variants, the 276-minute DV cassette employs the same tape as its shorter-length variants. On the DVCPRO side, these cassettes have nearly double the tape capacity of their M-size counterparts, with duration up to 126 minutes for DVCPRO, 63 minutes for DVCPRO50 and DVCPRO HD-LP, and 31.5 minutes for the original DVCPRO HD. A thin-tape 184/92/46-minute version was also released.
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can indicate recording time of Long Play DV. Cassettes labeled as DVCPRO have a yellow tape door and indicate recording time when DVCPRO25 is used; with DVCPRO50 the recording time is half, with DVCPRO HD it is a quarter. Cassettes labeled as DVCPRO50 have a blue tape door and indicate recording time when DVCPRO50 is used. Cassettes labeled as DVCPRO HD have a red tape door and indicate recording time when DVCPRO HD-LP format is used; a second number may be used for DVCPRO HD recording, which will be half as long.
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411:(768 kbit/s per channel, 1.5 Mbit/s stereo), or four nonlinear 12-bit PCM channels at 32 kHz sampling rate (384 kbit/s per channel, 1.5 Mbit/s for four channels). In addition, the DV specification also supports 16-bit audio at 44.1 kHz (706 kbit/s per channel, 1.4 Mbit/s stereo), the same sampling rate used for CD audio. In practice, the 48 kHz stereo mode is used almost exclusively.
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1294:. Panasonic video recorders that accept medium cassette can play back from and record to medium cassette in different flavors of DVCPRO format; they will also play small cassettes containing DV or DVCAM recording via an adapter. These cassettes come in lengths up to 66 minutes for DVCPRO, 33 minutes for DVCPRO50 and DVCPRO HD-LP, and 16.5 minutes for the original DVCPRO HD.
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Sony developed DVCAM based on the DV consumer format. The DV format was designed for use with metal evaporated tape, which offers approximately 5 dB better carrier-to-noise figures than metal particle tape. Customers have requested VTRs that can play additional DV-based 6 mm formats such as
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a result of mixing tape lubricants, and has been unable to recreate the problem. Sony recommends using cleaning cassettes once every 50 hours of recording or playback. For those who are still skeptical, Sony recommends cleaning video heads with a cleaning cassette before trying another brand of tape.
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A research undertaken by Sony claimed that there was no hard evidence of the above statement. The only evidence claimed was that using ME tapes in equipment designed for MP tapes can cause tape damage and hence dropouts. Sony has done a significant amount of internal testing to simulate head clogs as
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Most DV players, editors and encoders only support the basic DV format, but not its professional versions. The exception to this being that most (not all) consumer Sony miniDV equipment will play mini-DVCAM tapes. DV Audio/Video data can be stored as raw DV data stream file (data is written to a file
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Technically, any DV cassette can record any variant of DV video. Nevertheless, manufacturers often label cassettes with DV, DVCAM, DVCPRO, DVCPRO50 or DVCPRO HD and indicate recording time with regards to the label posted. Cassettes labeled as DV indicate recording time of baseline DV; another number
1213:, which wraps the tape around a tilted, rotating head drum with video heads mounted to it. As the drum rotates, the heads read the tape diagonally. DV, DVCAM and DVCPRO use a 21.7 mm diameter head drum at 9000 rpm. The diagonal video tracks read by the heads are 10 microns wide in DV tapes.
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port for computer connection. This port is usually used for transferring still images, but not for video transfer. Camcorders that offer video transfer over USB usually do not deliver full DV quality; usually it is 320x240 video, except for the Sony DCR-PC1000 camcorder and some
Panasonic camcorders
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cassettes and have been designed for use in
Panasonic equipment and are sometimes called DVCPRO XL. These cassettes are not widespread, only a few models of Panasonic tape recorders can accept them. Each XL-size cassette holds nearly double the amount of tape as the full-length L-size cassettes
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When recorded to tape, DVCAM uses 15 μm track pitch, which is 50% wider compared to baseline. Accordingly, tape is transported 50% faster, which reduces recording time by one third compared to regular DV. Because of the wider track and track pitch, DVCAM has the ability to do a frame-accurate insert
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It was realized early on that the VTR transport needed to be optimized to play various tape formulations and thicknesses. In addition, there is no need to dub DV LP or DVCPRO footage to another format for use as source material. This new VTR is the DSR 2000 DVCAM Studio recorder, and it is expected
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When recorded to tape, DVCPRO uses wider track pitch - 18 μm vs. 10 μm of baseline DV, which reduces the chance of dropout errors during recording. Two extra longitudinal tracks provide support for audio cue and for timecode control. Tape is transported 80% faster compared to baseline DV, resulting
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The high quality of DV images, especially when compared to Video8 and Hi8 which were vulnerable to an unacceptable number of video dropouts and "hits", prompted the acceptance by mainstream broadcasters of material shot on DV. The low costs of DV equipment and their ease of use put such cameras in
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When video is captured onto a computer it is stored in a container file, which can be either raw DV stream, AVI, WMV or QuickTime. Whichever container is used, the video itself is not re-encoded and represents a complete digital copy of what has been recorded onto tape. If needed, the video can be
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camcorders. Early Hi8 ME tapes were plagued with excessive dropouts, which forced many shooters to switch to more expensive MP tapes. After the technology improved, the dropout rate was greatly reduced, nevertheless
Panasonic deemed ME formulation not robust enough for professional use. Tape-based
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There was considerable controversy solely based on hearsay over whether or not using tapes from different manufacturers could lead to dropouts. Initially this was suggested around the conception of mostly MiniDV tapes in the mid to late 90s as the only two manufacturers of MiniDV tapes (Sony, who
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format that can be thought of as four DV codecs that work in parallel. Video data rate depends on frame rate and can be as low as 40 Mbit/s for 24 frame/s mode and as high as 100 Mbit/s for 50/60 frame/s modes. Like DVCPRO50, DVCPRO HD employs 4:2:2 color sampling. It was introduced in
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protocol. Full-quality DV can also be captured via USB or
Thunderbolt by using separate hardware that receives DV data from the camcorder over a FireWire cable and forwards it without any transcoding to the computer via a USB cable or a Firewire to Thunderbolt adapter - this can be particularly
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scanning with the luminance sampling frequency of 13.5 MHz. This results in 480 scanlines per complete frame for the 60 Hz system, and 576 scanlines per complete frame for the 50 Hz system. In both systems the active area contains 720 pixels per scanline, with 704 pixels used for
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natively support SxS memory cards, has no slots for them and requires an optional add-on recorder (or 'adapter' as JVC call it) to achieve this - basically this camera is an 'XDCAM EX' High definition unit and the add-on SxS recorder was only made available to achieve better compatibility in
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436:(MXF). One video frame is formed from either 10 or 12 such sequences, depending on scanning rate, which results in a data rate of about 25 Mbit/s for video, and an additional 1.5 Mbit/s for audio. When written to tape, each sequence corresponds to one complete track.
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for 63 or 90min minutes of DV or HDV video. When recording in DVCAM, these cassettes hold up to 41 minutes of video. There are some 83-minute versions but these use thinner tape than the 63-minute ones and
Panasonic advised against playing these cassettes in DVCPRO decks.
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usually had the DV-in capability disabled in the firmware by the manufacturer because the camcorder would be classified by the EU as a video recorder and would therefore attract higher duty; a model which only had DV-out could be sold at a lower price in the EU.
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The format offered six modes for recording and playback: 16:9 progressive (50 Mbit/s), 4:3 progressive (50 Mbit/s), 16:9 interlaced (50 Mbit/s), 4:3 interlaced (50 Mbit/s), 16:9 interlaced (25 Mbit/s), 4:3 interlaced (25 Mbit/s).
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from either a computer or another camcorder (DV-in). The DV-in capability makes it possible to copy edited DV video from a computer back onto tape, or make a lossless copy between two mutually connected DV camcorders. However, models made for sale in the
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cassettes and are accepted by most standalone DV tape recorders and are used in many shoulder-mount camcorders. The L-size cassette can be used in both Sony and
Panasonic equipment; nevertheless, they are often called
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The DVCPRO50 doubles the coded video data rate to 50 Mbit/s. This has the effect of cutting total record time of any given storage medium in half. Chroma resolution is improved by using 4:2:2 chroma subsampling.
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When recorded to tape in standard-play mode, DVCPRO HD uses the same 18 μm track pitch as other DVCPRO flavors. A long play variant, DVCPRO HD-LP, doubles the recording density by using 9 μm track pitch.
226:; these cassettes measured just 6.35 mm/¼ inch, making it ideal for video cameras and rendering older analog formats obsolete. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, DV was strongly associated with the transition from
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produce their tapes solely under the Sony brand; and
Panasonic, who produce their own tapes under their Panasonic brand and outsources for TDK, Canon, etc.) used two different lubrication types for their cameras.
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The audio, video, and metadata are packaged into 80-byte
Digital Interface Format (DIF) blocks which are multiplexed into a 150-block sequence. DIF blocks are the basic units of DV streams and can be stored as
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DVCPRO Progressive was introduced by
Panasonic alongside DVCPRO50. It offered 480 or 576 lines of progressive scan recording with 4:2:0 chroma subsampling and four 16-bit 48 kHz PCM audio channels. Like
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S.B. Luitjens, S.E. Stupp, J.C. Lodder, Metal evaporated tape: state of the art and prospects, Journal of
Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Volume 155, Issues 1–3, 1996, Pages 261–265, ISSN 0304-8853,
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DVCPRO HD uses smaller raster size than broadcast high definition television: 960x720 pixels for 720p, 1280x1080 for 1080/59.94i and 1440x1080 for 1080/50i. Similar horizontal downsampling (using
443:. This means that the sound may be +/- ⅓ frame out of sync with the video. However, this is the maximum drift of the audio/video synchronization; it is not compounded throughout the recording.
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While technically DVCPRO HD is a direct descendant of DV, it is used almost exclusively by professionals. Tape-based DVCPRO HD cameras exist only in shoulder mount variant.
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Sony and Panasonic created their proprietary versions of DV aimed toward professional & broadcast users, which use the same compression scheme, but improve on robustness,
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cassettes, had been intended for amateur use, but have become accepted in professional productions as well. MiniDV cassettes are used for recording baseline DV, DVCAM, and
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DVCPRO HD is codified as SMPTE 370M; the DVCPRO HD tape format is SMPTE 371M, and the MXF Op-Atom format used for DVCPRO HD on P2 cards is SMPTE 390M.
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DV was developed by the HD Digital VCR Association: in April 1994, 55 companies worldwide took part, which developed the standards and specifications of the format.
1749:). The DV meta-information is preserved in both file types being Sub-timecode and Start/Stop date times which can be muxed to Quicktime SMPTE standard timecode.
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the consumer DV LP and DVCPRO. Sony will be offering new VTRs that can play back both of these additional formats without headclog and tape path issues.
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content and 16 pixels on the sides left for digital blanking. The same frame size is used for 4:3 and 16:9 frame aspect ratios, resulting in different
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useful for capturing on modern laptop computers which usually do not have a FireWire port or expansion slot but always have USB or Thunderbolt ports.
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in the 50 Hz variant. Low chroma resolution of DV (compared to higher-end digital video formats) is a reason this format is sometimes avoided in
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1224:(MP)—as an inherent part of its DVCPRO family of formats. Regular DV tape uses Metal Evaporate (ME) formulation (which, as the name suggests, uses
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Like DVCPRO, DVCAM uses locked audio, which prevents audio synchronization drift that may happen on DV if several generations of copies are made.
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All DV variants except for DVCPRO Progressive are recorded to tape within interlaced video stream. Film-like frame rates are possible by using
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576:
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DVCPRO, also known as DVCPRO25 and D-7, is a variation of DV developed by Panasonic and introduced in 1995, originally intended for use in
304:, recording modulation method, magnetization, and basic system data in part 1. Part 2 describes the specifics of video systems supporting
2015:
195:, DVCPro, DVCPro50 and DVCProHD. DV has been used primarily for video recording with camcorders in the amateur and professional sectors.
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JVC GY-HM750 can be set to standard definition mode and in this case will record '.AVI or .MOV SD legacy format' video onto SDHC cards.
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wraps DV video into MXF container, which is presently used on P2-based camcorders (Panasonic) and on XDCAM/XDCAM EX camcorders (Sony).
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professional Panasonic DVCPRO camcorders and decks only record onto DVCPRO-branded cassettes, effectively preventing use of ME tape.
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applications, though advances in chroma keying techniques and software have made producing quality keys from DV material possible.
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253:; HDV cameras could typically switch between DV and HDV recording modes. In the 2010s, DV rapidly grew obsolete as cameras using
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513:, meaning the audio sample clock runs in sync with the video sample clock. Audio is available in 16-bit/48 kHz precision.
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1974:"Recording – Helical-Scan Digital Videocassette Recording System Using 6,35 mm Magnetic Tape for Consumer Use"
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Following the introduction of the AJ-SDX900 camcorder in 2003, DVCPRO50 was used in many productions where
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DVCPRO50 was introduced by Panasonic in 1997 and is often described as two DV codecs working in parallel.
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magazine, received the following response from a Sony representative regarding tape stock compatibility:
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is applied to the source video in order to reduce the amount of data to be compressed. Baseline DV uses
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Robert Ott, Vice President for storage products and marketing, Sony Electronics, Park Ridge, New Jersey
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778:. Digital8 equipment records in DV format only, but usually can playback Video8 and Hi8 tapes as well.
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is DV video wrapped into QuickTime container. This container is used primarily on Apple computers.
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with a capacity of 252 minutes of DVCPRO video or 126 minutes of DVCPRO50 or DVCPRO HD-LP video.
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that were impractical for mechanical tape formats. Additionally, as manufacturers switched from
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2545:"Anthony Dod Mantle, DFF injects the apocalyptic 28 Days Later with a strain of digital video"
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was not required. For example, BBC used DVCPRO50 to record high-budget TV series, such as
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Panasonic DVCPRO HD and AVC-Intra camcorders can record DV (as well as DVCPRO) onto
300: 61834 family of standards. These standards define common features such as physical
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that had previously been maintained across multiple generations of DV and HDV equipment.
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A MiniDV tape (centre) size comparison against a Video8 tape (left) and VHS tape (right)
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edit, while regular DV may vary by a few frames on each edit compared to the preview.
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Mini-DV tape mechanism inside an early 2000s Panasonic Palmcorder. Quarter for scale.
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of four different sizes: small, medium, large and extra-large. All DV cassettes use
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recorded back to tape to create a full and lossless copy of the original footage.
718:(D-9 HD), was offered by JVC and used videocassettes with the same form-factor as
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1582:, but some older or consumer computer applications fail to take advantage of it.
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Comparable high quality standard definition digital tape formats include Sony's
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Digital8 is a combination of the tape transport originally designed for analog
729:, offered by Sony. It uses a similar compression scheme but at higher bitrate.
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formats, DV features a higher video resolution (on par with professional-grade
69:
2182:"Caporale Studios Shoots Feature Films with Panasonic 480p DVCPRO50 Camcorder"
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Video is stored either as native DIF bitstream or wrapped into an audio/video
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In 1996, Sony responded with its own professional version of DV called DVCAM.
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DV was designed to be a standard for home video using digital data instead of
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is the raw form of DV video. The files usually have extensions *.dv or *.dif.
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cassettes, are used in professional Panasonic equipment and are often called
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2486:"Why Is the DV Input Disabled on Most Digital Camcorders Sold in Europe?"
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1994:
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2413:"Appendix B: Data Rates and Storage Needs for Various Digital Formats".
1898:"The Consumer Electronics Hall of Fame: Sony DCR-VX1000 - IEEE Spectrum"
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that provide transfer of a full-quality DV stream via USB by using the
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1045: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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cassettes (97.5 × 64.5 × 14.6 mm), which are about the size of
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scheme is used to compress video on a frame-by-frame basis with the
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2416:
The Filmmaker's Handbook: A Comprehensive Guide for the Digital Age
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Panasonic stipulated use of a particular magnetic-tape formulation—
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The table below show the physical DV cassette formats at a glance:
761:
587:, offered by JVC, uses videocassettes with the same form-factor as
358:
262:
235:
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187:. It includes the recording or cassette formats DV, MiniDV, DVCAM,
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320:. The IEC standards are available as publications sold by IEC and
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cassettes (125.1 x 78 x 14.6 mm) are close in size to small
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249:, which used the same tapes but with an updated video codec with
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to deposit metal onto the tape), which was pioneered for use in
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video software only supports DV in AVI containers, as they use
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camcorders (AG-HMC80, AG-AC130, AG-AC160) record DV video onto
767:
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682:) is used in many other magnetic tape-based HD formats such as
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For clarity - and contrary to what has previously been written
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Sony Toshiba IBM Center of Competence for the Cell Processor
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Variable framerates (from 4 to 60 frame/s) are available on
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in shorter recording time. Long Play mode is not available.
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as the data is received over FireWire, file extensions are
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IEEE Spectrum: Technology, Engineering, and Science News
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DVCPRO HD was the preferred high definition standard of
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Small cassettes (66 x 48 x 12.2 mm), also known as
3448:
1760:'s avifile.dll, which only supports reading avi files.
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Notable films that were shot on the DV format include:
1209:
inch (6.4 mm) wide tape. DV on magnetic tape uses
690:, DVCPRO100 equipment upsamples video during playback.
1516:
Panasonic AJ-D455 VCR for professional video use with
1269:. These cassettes come in lengths up to about 14~20.8
663:
Panasonic AJ-HDX900 DVCPRO camcorder pictured in 2018
2526:"How to Capture DV Video via Thunderbolt on Windows"
1764:
video software support both AVI and MOV containers.
245:
In 2003, DV was joined by a successor format called
222:. The most popular tape format using a DV codec was
781:
400:Audio can be stored in either of two forms: 16-bit
4191:Sony Institute of Higher Education Shohoku College
2429:on 16 December 2014 – via WestCityFilms.com.
2244:A Broadcast Engineering Tutorial for Non-Engineers
2149:
2147:
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670:DVCPRO HD, also known as DVCPRO100 and D-12, is a
218:) and also records audio digitally at 16-bit like
2102:"DV-DIF (Digital Video Digital Interface Format)"
1767:
1566:may have additional professional outputs such as
4224:
2010:
2008:
1343:(172 x 102 x 14.6 mm) are close in size to
2352:Newnes Guide to Television and Video Technology
2142:
1873:"Camcorder formats MiniDV DVD HDD HDV D8 VHS-C"
1723:
455:capabilities, color rendition and raster size.
424:in raw form or wrapped in such file formats as
1995:"DV Q&A Our Expert Answers Your Questions"
1191:DV was originally designed for recording onto
815:Sony, Panasonic, JVC, Canon, Sharp and others
4028:
3464:
2633:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2388:
2005:
1376:video recording, DV video can be recorded on
1306:DVCAM cassettes in both miniDV and large size
630:The format was superseded by DVCPRO HD.
2241:Pizzi, Skip; Jones, Graham (24 April 2014).
1780:In 1999, Steve Epstein, technical editor of
1400:family of cameras can record DV onto either
577:Ancient Rome: The Rise and Fall of an Empire
234:production, and also with several enduring "
2469:"Panasonic AG-HMC80 operating instructions"
414:
3471:
3457:
2640:
2626:
2385:
2240:
1314:A 126-minute L-size Maxell DVCPRO cassette
47:
38:
2647:
2068:
2058:"fxguide - vfx knowledge - Art of Keying"
1719:(Luigi Campi & Giacomo Belletti—2016)
1061:Learn how and when to remove this message
2542:
2074:
1890:
1601:
1589:
1524:Nearly all DV camcorders and decks have
1511:
1445:camcorders can feed live DV stream over
1358:
1350:
1309:
1301:
1248:
1240:
736:
609:
292:The original DV specification, known as
2348:
2154:Tozer, E.P.J., ed. (12 November 2012).
697:camcorders. DVCPRO HD equipment offers
340:while audio is stored uncompressed. An
53:DV cassettes: DVCAM-L, DVCPRO-M, MiniDV
14:
4225:
3234:CBHD (China Blue High-definition Disc)
2308:"Sony Announces Digital8 Video Format"
1841:
1236:
175:, launched in 1995 by a consortium of
3452:
2621:
2605:"Broadcast Engineering: Tape Trouble"
2153:
1717:My First Kiss and the People Involved
725:The main competitor to DVCPRO HD was
614:DVCPRO Progressive compatibility mark
605:
261:became the norm, recording at higher
27:Digital video codecs and tape formats
3191:HVD (High-Definition Versatile Disc)
1867:
1865:
1737:) or the DV data can be packed into
1043:adding citations to reliable sources
1014:
381:Prior to the DCT compression stage,
2218:"AJ-PD900WP Operating instructions"
2157:Broadcast Engineer's Reference Book
1671:The Gleaners and I: Two Years Later
1449:to an external file-based recorder.
1367:
1334:
1177:
1159:
1152:
1145:
1127:
1109:
1099:
495:Diagram of DVCPRO tape track layout
24:
1606:A Panasonic DV videorecorder (VCR)
1005:
277:recording methods, they broke the
25:
4259:
2543:Bankston, Douglas (1 July 2003).
2508:"How to Capture DV Video via USB"
2455:"HVR-MRC1K Memory Recording Unit"
2441:"HVR-DR60 HDV Hard Disk Recorder"
1862:
1438:facilities which were Sony based.
821:Panasonic; also Philips, Ikegami
686:. To maintain compatibility with
327:
3228:HVD (Holographic Versatile Disc)
2588:"The Truth about Tape Lubricant"
2349:Trundle, Eugene (18 June 2001).
1850:. Hearst Magazines. p. 57.
1842:Mannes, George (December 1995).
1796:to be available later this year.
1178:
1160:
1153:
1146:
1128:
1110:
1100:
1019:
1010:
782:Comparison of DV implementations
656:
642:
543:
529:
509:Unlike baseline DV, DVCPRO uses
488:
474:
2597:
2580:
2562:
2536:
2518:
2500:
2478:
2461:
2447:
2433:
2406:
2369:
2342:
2321:
2300:
2290:"BBC Training: DV Tape Formats"
2282:
2261:
2234:
2210:
2192:
2174:
2112:
2094:
2060:. 24 March 2006. Archived from
2050:
2040:"Digital Video and Field Order"
1549:Some camcorders also feature a
1507:
1030:needs additional citations for
3592:Sony Music Entertainment Japan
3580:Sony Interactive Entertainment
3304:
2422:(4th ed.). Archived from
2400:"Media Recognition: DV part 1"
2075:Puhovski, Nenad (April 2000).
2032:
1987:
1966:
1941:
1916:
1835:
1768:Tape formulation compatibility
1355:A disassembled MiniDV cassette
1277:
701:with older DV/DVCPRO formats.
550:Panasonic AJ-D950 DVCPRO50 VCR
389:in its 60 Hz variant and
296:, was standardized within the
284:
13:
1:
3298:
3218:
3122:
1828:
1297:
238:" camera designs such as the
4161:(umbrella company in the US)
3529:Sony Semiconductor Solutions
2381:10.1016/0304-8853(95)00727-X
1924:"HV10 - Canon Camera Museum"
1724:Application software support
1611:the hands of a new breed of
1184:
1174:
1134:
1124:
649:DVCPRO HD compatibility mark
633:
7:
4159:Sony Corporation of America
4125:Sony Professional Solutions
4120:Sony Network Communications
3286:
2001:. Videomaker. October 1999.
1804:
1532:to a computer (DV-out), or
1179:
1161:
1154:
1147:
1129:
1111:
1101:
755:
536:DVCPRO50 compatibility mark
520:
446:
361:standard, DV video employs
142:; 29 years ago
10:
4264:
4083:Sony Entertainment Network
3766:Sony Entertainment Network
3437:Electronic Video Recording
3292:
2329:"DV Technology Comparison"
2160:. CRC Press. p. 473.
1811:Common Intermediate Format
919:32, 48 (44.1 nonpro mode)
759:
598:, introduced in 1993, and
4199:
4183:
4151:
4107:
3969:
3947:
3829:
3607:
3516:
3495:
3486:
3417:
3382:
3314:
3273:
3266:
3253:UHD-BD (Ultra HD Blu-ray)
3243:
3171:
3150:PVD (Personal Video Disc)
3093:
3028:
3019:
2948:
2869:
2664:
2655:
2365:– via Google Books.
2257:– via Google Books.
2200:"480p production systems"
2170:– via Google Books.
1858:– via Google Books.
1578:. All DV variants have a
1339:Extra-large cassettes or
1226:physical vapor deposition
1107:Only made MiniDV adapters
989:
976:525: 67.640, 625: 67.708
952:
935:
932:
921:
907:
901:
893:
887:
876:
870:
859:
856:
848:
837:
834:
820:
504:electronic news gathering
481:DVCPRO compatibility mark
465:
349:discrete cosine transform
202:. Compared to the analog
171:formats used for storing
136:
122:
104:
92:
78:
68:
58:
46:
37:
4015:Great American Pure Flix
3478:
2686:Ampex 2 inch helical VTR
1625:
1585:
1195:. Tape is enclosed into
741:DVCAM compatibility mark
732:
434:Material Exchange Format
415:Digital Interface Format
4184:Nonprofit organizations
3185:Professional Disc (PFD)
2692:Sony 2 inch helical VTR
2106:digitalpreservation.gov
2016:"DVCAM Format Overview"
4238:Television terminology
3955:Sony Creative Software
3431:Electronicam kinescope
3418:Video recorded to film
2077:"DV – A Success Story"
1877:ColumbiaIsa.50Webs.com
1802:
1607:
1599:
1594:A consumer-grade Sony
1521:
1520:port and DV capability
1372:With proliferation of
1364:
1356:
1315:
1307:
1254:
1246:
913:Audio frequency (KHz)
742:
699:backward compatibility
615:
602:, introduced in 2000.
426:Audio Video Interleave
354:Closely following the
63:Magnetic cassette tape
4248:Videocassette formats
4233:Television technology
4053:Anime Digital Network
3245:Ultra-High Definition
2649:Video storage formats
2028:on 28 September 2011.
1786:
1782:Broadcast Engineering
1605:
1593:
1562:High end cameras and
1515:
1362:
1354:
1313:
1305:
1252:
1244:
953:18 (plays 10 and 15)
740:
672:high-definition video
613:
566:high definition video
251:high-definition video
179:manufacturers led by
4170:List of acquisitions
4019:Great American Media
4017:(joint venture with
3563:Sony Financial Group
2206:on 21 November 2010.
1039:improve this article
774:formats with the DV
439:Baseline DV employs
4130:Sony Honda Mobility
3983:PlayStation Network
3971:Online distribution
3830:Historical products
3801:Video8/Hi8/Digital8
2610:. 1999. p. 66.
2269:"Sony DVCam Family"
2188:. 7 September 2023.
2108:. 26 December 2011.
1999:Videomaker magazine
1817:Source Input Format
1447:IEEE 1394 interface
1237:Small size (MiniDV)
868:625/50 subsampling
854:525/60 subsampling
849:luma: 8, chroma: 8
368:pixel aspect ratios
34:
4165:Other subsidiaries
4000:Sony Pictures Core
3534:Sony Entertainment
3517:Primary businesses
1949:"民生用デジタル VCR 規格概要"
1844:"Double Your Bits"
1648:The Gleaners and I
1608:
1600:
1522:
1374:tapeless camcorder
1365:
1357:
1316:
1308:
1255:
1247:
964:Tape speed (mm/s)
947:10 (SP), 6.7 (LP)
899:625/50 frame size
885:525/60 frame size
743:
714:A similar format,
680:rectangular pixels
616:
606:DVCPRO Progressive
585:D-9 (or Digital-S)
583:A similar format,
383:chroma subsampling
259:solid-state drives
32:
4220:
4219:
4175:List of libraries
4103:
4102:
4043:PlayStation Video
3993:PlayStation Store
3446:
3445:
3413:
3412:
3262:
3261:
3209:BD (Blu-ray Disc)
3179:MUSE Hi-Vision LD
3015:
3014:
2130:on 7 January 2010
2064:on 24 March 2006.
1848:Popular Mechanics
1706:Iraq in Fragments
1402:Professional Disc
1392:. In particular:
1189:
1188:
1079:Cassette formats
1071:
1070:
1063:
1003:
1002:
993:525: 20, 625: 24
990:525: 10, 625: 12
987:Tracks per frame
944:Track pitch (μm)
804:DIGITAL‑S
506:(ENG) equipment.
391:4:2:0 subsampling
387:4:1:1 subsampling
345:video compression
334:lossy compression
163:) is a family of
154:
153:
16:(Redirected from
4255:
4108:Other businesses
4026:
4025:
3539:Sony Music Group
3524:Sony Corporation
3473:
3466:
3459:
3450:
3449:
3271:
3270:
3223:
3220:
3127:
3124:
3026:
3025:
2662:
2661:
2642:
2635:
2628:
2619:
2618:
2612:
2611:
2609:
2601:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2584:
2578:
2577:
2566:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2555:
2540:
2534:
2533:
2522:
2516:
2515:
2504:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2482:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2465:
2459:
2458:
2451:
2445:
2444:
2437:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2421:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2402:. 26 March 2012.
2396:
2383:
2373:
2367:
2366:
2346:
2340:
2339:
2337:
2335:
2325:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2304:
2298:
2297:
2296:on 11 June 2011.
2292:. Archived from
2286:
2280:
2279:
2273:
2265:
2259:
2258:
2238:
2232:
2231:
2230:on 20 July 2011.
2229:
2223:. Archived from
2222:
2214:
2208:
2207:
2202:. Archived from
2196:
2190:
2189:
2178:
2172:
2171:
2151:
2140:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2126:. Archived from
2116:
2110:
2109:
2098:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2087:
2072:
2066:
2065:
2054:
2048:
2047:
2036:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2021:. Archived from
2020:
2012:
2003:
2002:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1978:
1970:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1945:
1939:
1938:
1936:
1934:
1920:
1914:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1904:. 3 January 2019
1894:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1869:
1860:
1859:
1839:
1613:videojournalists
1598:MiniDV camcorder
1386:hard disk drives
1368:File-based media
1335:Extra-large size
1288:eight-millimeter
1208:
1207:
1203:
1182:
1181:
1164:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1150:
1149:
1132:
1131:
1114:
1113:
1104:
1103:
1076:
1075:
1066:
1059:
1055:
1052:
1046:
1023:
1015:
939:Locked/unlocked
933:Locked/unlocked
832:Bit rate (Mbps)
786:
785:
660:
646:
547:
533:
492:
478:
279:interoperability
150:
148:
143:
108:
96:
82:
51:
42:
35:
31:
21:
4263:
4262:
4258:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4253:
4252:
4223:
4222:
4221:
4216:
4195:
4179:
4147:
4099:
4058:Anime on Demand
4048:PlayStation Vue
4024:
3988:PlayStation Now
3973:
3965:
3960:FeliCa Networks
3943:
3825:
3759:8 channel films
3610:
3603:
3512:
3491:
3482:
3477:
3447:
3442:
3409:
3378:
3310:
3258:
3239:
3221:
3172:High Definition
3167:
3125:
3089:
3011:
2950:High Definition
2944:
2903:Digital Betacam
2865:
2651:
2646:
2616:
2615:
2607:
2603:
2602:
2598:
2590:
2586:
2585:
2581:
2568:
2567:
2563:
2553:
2551:
2541:
2537:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2506:
2505:
2501:
2491:
2489:
2484:
2483:
2479:
2471:
2467:
2466:
2462:
2453:
2452:
2448:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2426:
2419:
2412:
2411:
2407:
2398:
2397:
2386:
2374:
2370:
2363:
2347:
2343:
2333:
2331:
2327:
2326:
2322:
2312:
2310:
2306:
2305:
2301:
2288:
2287:
2283:
2271:
2267:
2266:
2262:
2255:
2239:
2235:
2227:
2220:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2198:
2197:
2193:
2180:
2179:
2175:
2168:
2152:
2143:
2133:
2131:
2118:
2117:
2113:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2085:
2083:
2073:
2069:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2038:
2037:
2033:
2025:
2018:
2014:
2013:
2006:
1993:
1992:
1988:
1981:webstore.iec.ch
1976:
1972:
1971:
1967:
1957:
1955:
1947:
1946:
1942:
1932:
1930:
1922:
1921:
1917:
1907:
1905:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1881:
1879:
1871:
1870:
1863:
1840:
1836:
1831:
1807:
1770:
1741:(ex: Microsoft
1739:container files
1726:
1628:
1588:
1576:component video
1510:
1418:Some Panasonic
1370:
1337:
1300:
1280:
1239:
1205:
1201:
1200:
1067:
1056:
1050:
1047:
1036:
1024:
1013:
1008:
1006:Recording media
784:
764:
758:
735:
668:
667:
666:
665:
664:
661:
652:
651:
650:
647:
636:
608:
596:Digital Betacam
555:
554:
553:
552:
551:
548:
539:
538:
537:
534:
523:
500:
499:
498:
497:
496:
493:
484:
483:
482:
479:
468:
449:
417:
407:at 48 kHz
330:
287:
216:Digital Betacam
146:
144:
141:
115:
106:
94:
80:
54:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4261:
4251:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4218:
4217:
4215:
4214:
4209:
4203:
4201:
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4187:
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4172:
4167:
4162:
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4149:
4148:
4146:
4145:
4139:
4133:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4111:
4109:
4105:
4104:
4101:
4100:
4098:
4097:
4096:
4095:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4034:
4032:
4030:Former/Defunct
4023:
4022:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3996:
3995:
3990:
3979:
3977:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3963:
3957:
3951:
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3941:
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3899:
3894:
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3869:
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3859:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3833:
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3827:
3826:
3824:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3762:
3761:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3689:HDCAM/HDCAM-SR
3686:
3681:
3676:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3615:
3613:
3605:
3604:
3602:
3601:
3600:
3599:
3589:
3588:
3587:
3577:
3576:
3575:
3570:
3560:
3559:
3558:
3553:
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3551:
3546:
3531:
3526:
3520:
3518:
3514:
3513:
3511:
3510:
3505:
3499:
3497:
3493:
3492:
3487:
3484:
3483:
3476:
3475:
3468:
3461:
3453:
3444:
3443:
3441:
3440:
3434:
3428:
3421:
3419:
3415:
3414:
3411:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3401:
3395:
3388:
3386:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3376:
3370:
3364:
3358:
3352:
3346:
3340:
3334:
3328:
3318:
3316:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3302:
3296:
3290:
3284:
3277:
3275:
3274:Media agnostic
3268:
3264:
3263:
3260:
3259:
3257:
3256:
3249:
3247:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3231:
3225:
3212:
3206:
3200:
3194:
3188:
3182:
3175:
3173:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3165:
3159:
3153:
3147:
3141:
3135:
3129:
3116:
3110:
3104:
3097:
3095:
3091:
3090:
3088:
3087:
3081:
3075:
3069:
3063:
3057:
3051:
3045:
3039:
3032:
3030:
3023:
3017:
3016:
3013:
3012:
3010:
3009:
3003:
2997:
2991:
2985:
2979:
2973:
2967:
2961:
2954:
2952:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2942:
2936:
2930:
2924:
2918:
2915:Digital-S (D9)
2912:
2906:
2900:
2894:
2888:
2882:
2875:
2873:
2867:
2866:
2864:
2863:
2857:
2851:
2845:
2839:
2833:
2827:
2821:
2815:
2809:
2803:
2797:
2791:
2785:
2779:
2773:
2767:
2761:
2755:
2749:
2743:
2737:
2731:
2725:
2719:
2713:
2707:
2701:
2695:
2689:
2683:
2677:
2670:
2668:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2645:
2644:
2637:
2630:
2622:
2614:
2613:
2596:
2579:
2561:
2535:
2517:
2499:
2488:. 5 April 2001
2477:
2460:
2446:
2432:
2405:
2384:
2368:
2361:
2341:
2320:
2299:
2281:
2260:
2253:
2233:
2209:
2191:
2173:
2166:
2141:
2111:
2093:
2067:
2049:
2031:
2004:
1986:
1965:
1940:
1915:
1889:
1861:
1833:
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1820:
1814:
1806:
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1769:
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1725:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1714:
1702:
1690:
1678:
1668:
1660:Chuck and Buck
1656:
1644:
1641:Bennett Miller
1627:
1624:
1587:
1584:
1539:European Union
1509:
1506:
1505:
1504:
1498:
1489:
1477:
1451:
1450:
1439:
1427:
1424:Secure Digital
1416:
1409:
1390:computer files
1380:, solid state
1369:
1366:
1336:
1333:
1299:
1296:
1279:
1276:
1238:
1235:
1222:metal particle
1187:
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829:
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827:Sony, Hitachi
825:
822:
819:
818:Sony, Ikegami
816:
813:
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760:Main article:
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494:
487:
486:
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480:
473:
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470:
469:
467:
464:
453:linear editing
448:
445:
441:unlocked audio
422:computer files
416:
413:
329:
328:DV compression
326:
302:videocassettes
286:
283:
152:
151:
138:
134:
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124:
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52:
44:
43:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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4243:Video storage
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3919:1 inch Type C
3917:
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3667:
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3664:Dream Machine
3662:
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3647:
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3564:
3561:
3557:
3556:Sony Pictures
3554:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3544:Entertainment
3542:
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3535:
3532:
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2631:
2629:
2624:
2623:
2620:
2606:
2600:
2589:
2583:
2575:
2571:
2570:"DV Tape FAQ"
2565:
2550:
2546:
2539:
2531:
2527:
2521:
2513:
2509:
2503:
2487:
2481:
2470:
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2362:9780750648103
2358:
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2330:
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2309:
2303:
2295:
2291:
2285:
2277:
2270:
2264:
2256:
2254:9781317906834
2250:
2247:. CRC Press.
2246:
2245:
2237:
2226:
2219:
2213:
2205:
2201:
2195:
2187:
2183:
2177:
2169:
2167:9781136024184
2163:
2159:
2158:
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2107:
2103:
2097:
2082:
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2071:
2063:
2059:
2053:
2045:
2041:
2035:
2024:
2017:
2011:
2009:
2000:
1996:
1990:
1982:
1975:
1969:
1954:
1950:
1944:
1929:
1925:
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1759:
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1744:
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1732:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1711:James Longley
1708:
1707:
1703:
1700:
1696:
1695:
1694:Inland Empire
1691:
1688:
1684:
1683:
1682:28 Days Later
1679:
1676:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1665:Miguel Arteta
1662:
1661:
1657:
1654:
1650:
1649:
1645:
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1475:
1472:
1471:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1433:, the camera
1432:
1428:
1426:memory cards.
1425:
1421:
1417:
1414:
1410:
1408:memory cards.
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1378:optical discs
1375:
1361:
1353:
1349:
1346:
1342:
1332:
1330:
1325:
1321:
1312:
1304:
1295:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1275:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1251:
1243:
1234:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1218:
1214:
1212:
1198:
1197:videocassette
1194:
1193:magnetic tape
1172:
1168:
1167:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1122:
1118:
1117:
1106:
1096:
1092:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1074:
1065:
1062:
1054:
1044:
1040:
1034:
1033:
1028:This section
1026:
1022:
1017:
1016:
1011:Magnetic tape
998:
995:
992:
986:
985:
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
966:
963:
962:
958:
955:
949:
946:
943:
942:
938:
929:
928:
925:32, 44.1, 48
924:
918:
916:32, 44.1, 48
915:
912:
911:
904:
898:
897:
890:
884:
883:
879:
873:
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862:
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852:
845:
844:
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831:
830:
826:
823:
817:
814:
811:
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806:
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800:
797:
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791:
788:
787:
779:
777:
773:
769:
763:
753:
749:
746:
739:
730:
728:
723:
721:
717:
712:
709:
706:
702:
700:
696:
691:
689:
685:
681:
676:
673:
659:
645:
631:
628:
624:
622:
612:
603:
601:
600:MPEG IMX
597:
592:
590:
586:
581:
579:
578:
573:
572:
567:
562:
558:
546:
532:
518:
514:
512:
507:
505:
491:
477:
463:
461:
456:
454:
444:
442:
437:
435:
431:
427:
423:
412:
410:
409:sampling rate
406:
403:
398:
396:
395:chroma keying
392:
388:
384:
379:
377:
373:
369:
364:
360:
357:
352:
350:
346:
343:
339:
335:
325:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
290:
282:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
243:
241:
237:
233:
232:desktop video
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
196:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
173:digital video
170:
166:
162:
161:Digital Video
158:
139:
135:
132:
128:
125:
121:
118:
114:
111:
103:
99:
91:
88:
85:
77:
73:
71:
67:
64:
61:
57:
50:
45:
41:
36:
30:
19:
4152:Other assets
4029:
3781:Tunnel diode
3718:
3709:Memory Stick
3704:LocationFree
3609:Technologies
3503:Masaru Ibuka
3280:
2728:Cartrivision
2599:
2582:
2573:
2564:
2552:. Retrieved
2548:
2538:
2529:
2520:
2511:
2502:
2490:. Retrieved
2480:
2463:
2449:
2435:
2424:the original
2415:
2408:
2371:
2351:
2344:
2334:12 September
2332:. Retrieved
2323:
2313:12 September
2311:. Retrieved
2302:
2294:the original
2284:
2275:
2263:
2243:
2236:
2225:the original
2212:
2204:the original
2194:
2186:dvformat.com
2185:
2176:
2156:
2132:. Retrieved
2128:the original
2123:
2114:
2105:
2096:
2084:. Retrieved
2081:Stanford.edu
2080:
2070:
2062:the original
2052:
2043:
2034:
2023:the original
1998:
1989:
1980:
1968:
1956:. Retrieved
1953:interq.or.jp
1952:
1943:
1931:. Retrieved
1928:Global.canon
1927:
1918:
1906:. Retrieved
1901:
1892:
1880:. Retrieved
1876:
1847:
1837:
1799:
1794:
1793:
1788:
1787:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1751:
1734:
1730:
1727:
1716:
1704:
1692:
1680:
1670:
1658:
1646:
1634:
1629:
1617:
1609:
1561:
1548:
1544:
1533:
1529:
1523:
1508:Connectivity
1500:
1491:
1479:
1473:
1452:
1441:Most DV and
1434:
1430:
1388:and used as
1382:flash memory
1371:
1340:
1338:
1328:
1319:
1317:
1292:DVCPRO tapes
1291:
1283:
1281:
1262:
1258:
1256:
1219:
1215:
1211:helical scan
1190:
1170:
1169:Extra Large
1141:
1120:
1094:
1072:
1057:
1048:
1037:Please help
1032:verification
1029:
905:720 × 583.5
891:720 × 487.5
765:
750:
747:
744:
724:
713:
710:
707:
703:
692:
677:
669:
629:
625:
617:
593:
582:
575:
569:
563:
559:
556:
515:
511:locked audio
510:
508:
501:
457:
450:
440:
438:
418:
399:
380:
375:
371:
353:
331:
293:
291:
288:
273:to superior
255:memory cards
244:
240:Sony VX-1000
223:
197:
177:video camera
160:
156:
155:
100:Helical scan
87:Helical scan
29:
4010:Crunchyroll
3948:Electronics
3786:TransferJet
3776:Sony Tablet
3739:PlayStation
3585:PlayStation
3508:Akio Morita
3384:Solid state
3222: 2006
3126: 1996
3036:Phonovision
2994:D6 HDTV VTR
2734:Philips VCR
2120:"DV format"
1958:13 December
1882:13 December
1699:David Lynch
1687:Danny Boyle
1675:Agnès Varda
1653:Agnès Varda
1620:BBC Factual
1329:DVCAM tapes
1278:Medium size
1245:MiniDV mark
1097:/ "MiniDV"
1051:August 2016
930:Audio mode
574:(2005) and
285:Development
275:progressive
267:resolutions
230:to digital
131:Home movies
4227:Categories
4212:Sony timer
4068:Funimation
3654:Cyber-shot
3611:and brands
3549:Publishing
2921:Betacam SX
2830:Betacam SP
2794:Video 2000
2674:Quadruplex
2574:Zenera.com
2549:TheASC.com
2530:dvmp.co.uk
2512:dvmp.co.uk
2492:1 February
2355:. Newnes.
2134:9 November
2124:Debian.org
2044:dvmp.co.uk
1829:References
1636:The Cruise
1574:or analog
1384:cards and
1298:Large size
1282:Medium or
908:720 × 576
902:720 × 576
894:720 × 480
888:720 × 480
846:Bit depth
812:Suppliers
571:Space Race
402:Linear PCM
376:widescreen
372:fullscreen
363:interlaced
342:intraframe
271:interlaced
204:Video8/Hi8
127:Camcorders
59:Media type
4115:Sony DADC
4093:Minisodes
3975:platforms
3912:FD series
3907:Trinitron
3867:Jumbotron
3857:Sony CLIÉ
3619:α (Alpha)
3573:Sony Bank
3568:Sony Life
3425:Kinescope
3355:AVC-Intra
3322:CamCutter
3305:DVCPRO HD
3072:Laserfilm
3054:LaserDisc
3021:Videodisc
2958:Sony HDVS
2657:Videotape
2086:26 August
1856:0032-4558
1758:Microsoft
1580:time code
1526:IEEE 1394
1518:IEEE 1394
1493:QuickTime
1486:Microsoft
1463:QuickTime
1455:container
1318:Large or
807:Digital8
801:DVCPRO50
716:Digital-S
634:DVCPRO HD
432:(QT) and
430:QuickTime
294:Blue Book
185:Panasonic
117:Panasonic
105:Developed
97:mechanism
83:mechanism
4063:AnimeLab
3934:Watchman
3806:Vision-S
3714:MiniDisc
3684:Handycam
3496:Founders
3315:Tapeless
3299:DVCPRO50
3078:CD Video
3042:Ampex-HS
3006:HDCAM SR
2970:BCH 1000
2933:MPEG IMX
2927:Digital8
1823:Video CD
1805:See also
1762:Mac OS X
1745:, Apple
1596:Handycam
1457:such as
1435:does not
789:Feature
762:Digital8
756:Digital8
580:(2006).
521:DVCPRO50
460:pulldown
447:Variants
359:Rec. 601
332:DV uses
263:bitrates
236:prosumer
189:Digital8
137:Released
70:Encoding
4138:(39.4%)
4088:Crackle
4073:Wakanim
4038:PlayNow
4005:SonyLIV
3924:U-matic
3887:Optiarc
3862:Discman
3852:Betamax
3842:CV-2000
3811:Walkman
3734:PlayNow
3724:MicroMV
3634:Blu-ray
3624:Betacam
3597:Aniplex
3489:History
3433:(1950s)
3404:MicroP2
3325:Editcam
3267:Virtual
3119:MiniDVD
3107:MovieCD
3094:Digital
2939:MicroMV
2871:Digital
2848:S-VHS-C
2818:Betacam
2752:Betamax
2722:U-matic
2704:CV-2000
2276:CVP.com
1908:27 June
1754:Windows
1551:USB 2.0
1341:XL-size
1204:⁄
1171:XL-size
1119:Medium
1085:DVCPRO
982:28.666
979:57.737
970:29.193
936:Locked
798:DVCPRO
695:Varicam
428:(AVI),
378:video.
351:(DCT).
145: (
4144:(4.9%)
3892:Qualia
3877:Mavica
3821:Xperia
3749:S/PDIF
3744:Reader
3719:MiniDV
3699:Inzone
3694:HMZ-T1
3679:FeliCa
3639:Bravia
3439:(1967)
3427:(1947)
3406:(2012)
3400:(2007)
3394:(2004)
3375:(2012)
3369:(2009)
3367:iFrame
3363:(2007)
3357:(2006)
3351:(2006)
3345:(2005)
3339:(2004)
3337:GBA-TV
3333:(2003)
3327:(1995)
3307:(2000)
3301:(1997)
3295:(1996)
3289:(1995)
3287:DVCPRO
3283:(1995)
3255:(2016)
3236:(2008)
3230:(2007)
3215:MiniBD
3211:(2006)
3205:(2006)
3203:HD DVD
3199:(2006)
3193:(2004)
3187:(2003)
3181:(1994)
3164:(2005)
3158:(2004)
3152:(2003)
3146:(2003)
3140:(1998)
3134:(1998)
3115:(1996)
3109:(1996)
3103:(1993)
3086:(1990)
3080:(1987)
3074:(1984)
3068:(1983)
3062:(1981)
3056:(1978)
3050:(1975)
3044:(1967)
3038:(1927)
3029:Analog
3008:(2003)
3002:(2003)
2996:(2000)
2990:(1998)
2984:(1997)
2978:(1994)
2972:(1992)
2966:(1984)
2960:(1984)
2941:(2001)
2935:(2000)
2929:(1999)
2923:(1996)
2917:(1995)
2911:(1994)
2905:(1993)
2899:(1992)
2893:(1991)
2887:(1988)
2881:(1986)
2862:(1998)
2856:(1989)
2850:(1987)
2844:(1987)
2838:(1986)
2832:(1986)
2826:(1985)
2824:Video8
2820:(1982)
2814:(1982)
2808:(1982)
2802:(1980)
2796:(1980)
2790:(1979)
2784:(1977)
2778:(1976)
2772:(1976)
2770:Type C
2766:(1976)
2764:Type B
2760:(1975)
2754:(1975)
2748:(1974)
2742:(1974)
2740:V-Cord
2736:(1972)
2730:(1972)
2724:(1971)
2718:(1969)
2716:EIAJ-1
2712:(1967)
2706:(1965)
2700:(1965)
2698:Type A
2694:(1961)
2688:(1961)
2682:(1958)
2676:(1956)
2666:Analog
2359:
2251:
2164:
1933:7 July
1854:
1713:—2006)
1701:—2006)
1689:—2002)
1677:—2002)
1667:—2000)
1655:—2000)
1643:—1998)
1530:output
1501:MXF-DV
1481:DV-AVI
1474:DV-DIF
1415:cards.
1320:L-size
1284:M-size
1263:MiniDV
1259:S-size
1142:L-size
1140:Large
1121:M-size
1095:S-size
1093:Small
1088:DVCAM
959:16.34
880:4:2:0
877:4:2:2
874:4:1:1
871:4:2:0
863:4:1:1
860:4:2:2
857:4:1:1
795:DVCAM
768:Video8
688:HD-SDI
675:2000.
621:HDV-SD
466:DVCPRO
405:stereo
314:625-50
306:525-60
228:analog
224:MiniDV
200:analog
165:codecs
159:(from
107:
95:
81:
18:MiniDV
4200:Other
4132:(50%)
3962:(57%)
3902:TR-55
3897:Rolly
3872:Lissa
3816:XDCAM
3674:Exmor
3629:Bionz
3349:AVCHD
3331:XDCAM
3293:DVCAM
2988:D-VHS
2982:HDCAM
2976:W-VHS
2964:UniHi
2842:S-VHS
2806:VHS-C
2608:(PDF)
2591:(PDF)
2554:1 May
2472:(PDF)
2427:(PDF)
2420:(PDF)
2272:(PDF)
2228:(PDF)
2221:(PDF)
2026:(PDF)
2019:(PDF)
1977:(PDF)
1819:(SIF)
1813:(CIF)
1752:Most
1626:Films
1586:Usage
1534:input
1420:AVCHD
1398:XDCAM
1396:Sony
973:33.8
967:18.8
776:codec
733:DVCAM
727:HDCAM
684:HDCAM
356:ITU-R
338:video
208:VHS-C
123:Usage
93:Write
4142:Vaio
3939:WEGA
3929:Vaio
3882:NEWS
3837:AIBO
3796:Vaio
3771:SXRD
3754:SDDS
3729:mylo
3659:Dash
3649:Cell
3480:Sony
3373:XAVC
3138:SVCD
2860:Ruvi
2710:Akai
2680:VERA
2556:2007
2494:2020
2357:ISBN
2336:2022
2315:2022
2249:ISBN
2162:ISBN
2136:2009
2088:2013
1960:2023
1935:2024
1910:2021
1884:2023
1852:ISSN
1735:.dif
1733:and
1572:SDTI
1564:VTRs
824:JVC
770:and
374:and
370:for
322:ANSI
316:for
312:and
310:NTSC
308:for
265:and
257:and
210:and
183:and
181:Sony
169:tape
167:and
147:1995
140:1995
113:Sony
79:Read
4078:VRV
3847:DAT
3791:UMD
3669:DVD
3398:SxS
3361:TOD
3343:MOD
3197:VMD
3162:FVD
3156:UMD
3144:EVD
3132:CVD
3113:DVD
3101:VCD
3084:VSD
3066:VHD
3060:CED
3048:TeD
3000:HDV
2897:DCT
2854:Hi8
2836:MII
2800:CVC
2788:SVR
2776:VHS
2758:IVC
2377:doi
1747:MOV
1743:AVI
1731:.dv
1568:SDI
1556:UVC
1495:-DV
1484:is
1467:MXF
1465:or
1459:AVI
1443:HDV
1406:SxS
1404:or
1345:VHS
1324:MII
1267:HDV
1261:or
1230:Hi8
1082:DV
1041:by
999:25
956:20
950:15
922:48
841:25
838:50
835:25
792:DV
772:Hi8
720:VHS
589:VHS
336:of
318:PAL
298:IEC
247:HDV
242:.
212:VHS
193:HDV
4229::
4136:M3
3644:CD
3392:P2
3281:DV
3219:c.
3123:c.
2909:D5
2891:D3
2885:D2
2879:D1
2782:VK
2746:VX
2572:.
2547:.
2528:.
2510:.
2387:^
2274:.
2184:.
2144:^
2122:.
2104:.
2079:.
2042:.
2007:^
1997:.
1979:.
1951:.
1926:.
1900:.
1875:.
1864:^
1846:.
1622:.
1615:.
1570:,
1469:.
1461:,
1413:P2
1271:GB
1185:-
1135:-
996:?
722:.
591:.
324:.
220:CD
206:,
191:,
157:DV
129:,
109:by
74:DV
33:DV
4021:)
3472:e
3465:t
3458:v
3224:)
3217:(
3128:)
3121:(
2812:M
2641:e
2634:t
2627:v
2593:.
2576:.
2558:.
2532:.
2514:.
2496:.
2474:.
2457:.
2443:.
2379::
2338:.
2317:.
2278:.
2138:.
2090:.
2046:.
1983:.
1962:.
1937:.
1912:.
1886:.
1709:(
1697:(
1685:(
1673:(
1663:(
1651:(
1639:(
1206:4
1202:1
1175:-
1125:-
1064:)
1058:(
1053:)
1049:(
1035:.
149:)
20:)
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