94:
32:
174:
for firing when a target was observed within their effective range. The mines could be fired individually or as a group. The
Distribution Box Boats were specially equipped to maintain the distribution boxes that joined the individual mines within a mine group to the main cable connecting the group to the mine casemate.
173:
such as the M4 Ground Mine with a 3,000 pound TNT charge. The contact mines were placed in areas vessels were not to enter, and the controlled mines were placed in designated ship channels. Those mines were planted in planned groups at predetermined locations, connected to shore by electrical cables
133:
Ship's crews were originally civilian mariners, operating the ship under a Coast
Artillery officer, who also commanded the embarked enlisted mine specialists. Friction had developed, in particular over civilian ship's officers and crews leaving to take other employment during operations. In 1916 the
243:
on
January 17, 1920. The insignia were repealed when the Mine Planter Service was abolished on June 30, 1947. The ranks themselves were still on the books until abolished in 1954. Each Mine Planter had to have a complement of three Deck Officers (one Master, one First Mate, and one Second Mate) and
105:
Prior to the formal establishment of the Mine
Planter Service, the Coast Artillery Corps had operated ships designated as Mine Planters, as well as an assortment of smaller vessels to establish and maintain the coastal defense mine fields. The ships, originating with vessels drafted into the work,
207:
World War II quickly demonstrated the obsolete nature of the static coastal defenses of which the mine fields were considered part of the principal armament. By the end of the war the forts were standing down and the Navy had been given responsibility for all mine operations. Many of the 1942 and
150:
was established to provide officers as masters, mates, chief engineers, and assistant engineers for the larger mine planting vessels, the Army Mine
Planter (AMP). Mine Planter Service ship's officers wore distinctive sleeve insignia stripes similar to maritime and naval ships' officers, with deck
181:
vessels with that capability were used and eventually taken into service for that function. Studies of those capabilities led to an increased cable capability in a ship constructed in 1917 and the later ships constructed in 1919. At least one of those vessels went on to further cable work after
208:
1943 construction vessels were transferred to the Navy to be converted to
Auxiliary Minelayers (ACM), where they were armed and modified for mine operations more in the nature of the naval mine warfare model. The ships' mine planting capability was similar to
151:
officers indicated by an anchor and engineering officers by a propeller. With the formal establishment of the AMPS and the
Warrant Officer grades to provide officers for the ships the service became an entirely military operation.
193:
On 16 May 1921 SGT Benjamin Lee
Woodhouse (1893-1921) died of wounds received in an explosion on Junior Mine Planter 46 in the New York Harbor area. He was married two days prior to the explosion. He was a cousin of
110:
of 1917, and a group of nine constructed in 1919 to bring the fleet up to twenty planters in 1920. A massive Army reduction reduced that fleet to seven planters and one cable ship, named
186:. At the entry of the United States into World War II sixteen new Army Mine Planter vessels were either under construction or planned. All had dual capability and several, including the
315:
42:, Army M 1 Mine Planter Hull No. 480. Records (#742), Special Collections Department, J. Y. Joyner Library, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA.
344:
130:
ship in the service. No further vessels would be planned until the block of ships in progress when the U.S. entered World War II; these were delivered 1942–1943.
93:
909:
309:
166:
of the United States. The smaller vessels included slightly smaller Junior Mine
Planters, Distribution Box Boats, mine yawls and assorted other small craft.
231:
as she works in the San
Francisco harbor entrance". The Army Mine Planter Service was officially terminated by the 1954 Warrant Officer Personnel Act.
320:
classes. A number of the Army mine planters also became U.S. Coast Guard vessels. Six of the early mine planters became Coast Guard ships through the
929:
914:
17:
885:
416:
385:
66:
621:
380:
158:, were supported by a variety of smaller craft comprising a submarine mine flotilla to plant and maintain the mine fields associated with Army
244:
three Engineering Officers (one Chief Engineer, one Assistant Engineer, and one Second Assistant Engineer) onboard serving in 8-hour shifts.
219:
The Mine Planter Service faced major change during and at the end of the war, with its ships and role in mining transferred to the Navy. The
924:
177:
Early mine planters of the AMPS were capable of planting the mines, but did not have specific cable-laying or maintenance capability. Two
531:
870:
595:
143:
78:
62:
37:
799:
169:
The mine fields were composed of both contact mines, similar to conventional naval mines exploded by contact with a vessel, and
566:
390:
163:
70:
134:
Chief of Coast Artillery recommended legislation militarizing these vessels. Two years later Congress granted the request.
880:
662:
351:. The more recent vessels were taken into Coast Guard service after their naval service. One of the 1942 mine planters,
178:
321:
919:
308:
The mine planters turned over to the U.S. Navy were the core of the Auxiliary Minelayer (ACM / MMA) group of the
147:
890:
807:. Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: Combat Studies Institute Press. pp. 1187, 1192, 1195, 1196–1198, 1201, 1217.
127:
182:
disposal by Army. Full mine and cable capability was integrated in the single new ship built in 1937, the
142:
The Army Mine Planter Service was formally established by act of Congress on 7 July 1918 as a part of the
711:
424:
352:
333:
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were replaced by special construction in 1904 and 1909. Another block began with one ship,
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8:
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was serving as a "floating laboratory" with "as many Navy hands as soldiers aboard the
303:
562:
329:
195:
842:
249:
213:
170:
119:
876:
The California State Military Museum - Submarine Mine Defense of San Francisco Bay
881:
Army Ships -- The Ghost Fleet - Coast Artillery Corps - Army Mine Planter Service
772:
508:
299:
An embroidered 1-inch three-vaned propeller over 2 Bands of 1/2-inch brown braid.
290:
An embroidered 1-inch three-vaned propeller over 3 Bands of 1/2-inch brown braid.
281:
An embroidered 1-inch three-vaned propeller over 4 Bands of 1/2-inch brown braid.
200:
239:
The following Warrant Officer insignia were described (but not authorized) by
903:
678:
875:
747:
469:
Jones, Henry L. (September–October 1939). "History of Army Mine Planters".
447:
74:
477:(5). Washington, D.C.: United States Coast Artillery Association: 456–458.
272:
An embroidered 1-inch fouled anchor over 2 Bands of 1/2-inch brown braid.
267:
263:
An embroidered 1-inch fouled anchor over 3 Bands of 1/2-inch brown braid.
254:
An embroidered 1-inch fouled anchor over 4 Bands of 1/2-inch brown braid.
209:
82:
367:(WARC-333), and then returned to the Navy as the cable repair ship USS
341:
258:
363:(ACM-9), then transferred to the Coast Guard and was renamed as USCGC
506:
304:
ex-Mine Planters in U.S. Naval service and U.S. Coast Guard service
561:(Third ed.). McLean, Virginia: CDSG Press. pp. 343–352.
223:
for March–April 1948 noted joint training with Navy and how USAMP
57:
ships dating back to 1904. It was established on July 22, 1918 by
212:
capability, and that was included in the naval mission and later
445:
122:
vessels. No new ships were built until 1937 when one ship, the
101:, built in 1904. (National Archives and Records Administration)
190:, went on to operate as small cable ships after Army service.
31:
381:
List of ships of the United States Army § Mine Planters
840:
817:
886:
Shipbuilding History - U.S. Army Mine Craft - MP, L and M
643:
575:
61:
and placed the Mine Planter Service under the U.S. Army
622:"Map of minefields in Manila Bay at "The Sinking of SS
693:
901:
871:Ft. Miles - Principle(sic) Armament - Mine Field
53:(AMPS) was an outgrowth of civilian crewed Army
386:Submarine mines in United States harbor defense
910:Mine warfare vessels of the United States Army
114:. Many of those ships were transferred to the
65:. Its purview was to install and maintain the
727:"The Seacoast Branch, The Artillery School".
559:American Seacoast Defenses, A Reference Guide
448:"Submarine Mine Defense of San Francisco Bay"
69:that were part of the principal armament of
73:, including those at the approaches to the
891:U. S. Army Warrant Officers Association -
801:US Army Order of Battle 1919–1941, vol. 2
593:
529:
507:U.S. Army Warrant Officer Career Center.
930:United States Army Coast Artillery Corps
596:"Army Mine Planters, organization table"
532:"Army Mine Planters, organization table"
92:
915:Mine planters of the United States Army
773:"Auxiliary Minelayer (ACM / MMA) Index"
14:
902:
649:
556:
450:. The California State Military Museum
446:The California State Military Museum.
468:
414:
391:Seacoast defense in the United States
797:
752:The California State Military Museum
745:
699:
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146:. By the same act the grade of Army
925:Fortifications in the United States
24:
895:(W.O. print showing mine flotilla)
25:
941:
864:
488:"The Army Mine Planter Service".
39:Major General Wallace F. Randolph
322:United States Lighthouse Service
30:
18:Mine Planter Service (U.S. Army)
834:
811:
791:
765:
748:"The Army Mine Planter Service"
739:
720:
705:
655:
614:
598:. FortMiles.org. Archived from
534:. FortMiles.org. Archived from
154:The larger vessels, designated
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550:
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481:
462:
439:
408:
156:U.S. Army Mine Planter (USAMP)
13:
1:
841:U.S.C.G. Historian's Office.
818:U.S.C.G. Historian's Office.
557:Berhow, Mark A., ed. (2015).
401:
712:"Soldier's Injuries Fatal",
371:(ARC-5) serving until 1965.
7:
374:
355:Major General Arthur Murray
234:
126:was delivered as the first
71:U.S. coastal fortifications
10:
946:
509:"Origin and Early History"
241:War Department Circular 15
204:and numerous other works.
137:
59:War Department Bulletin 43
295:Second Assistant Engineer
88:
51:Army Mine Planter Service
29:
798:Clay, Steven E. (2010).
777:NavSource Photo Archives
359:, became the Navy's USS
184:Lt. Col. Ellery W. Niles
124:Lt. Col. Ellery W. Niles
735:: 69. March–April 1948.
729:Coast Artillery Journal
626:" at MaritimeReview.ph"
490:Coast Artillery Journal
471:Coast Artillery Journal
340:became the Coast Guard
338:General Samuel M. Mills
336:in 1921–1927. The 1909
221:Coast Artillery Journal
116:U.S. Lighthouse Service
920:Coastal fortifications
417:"U.S. Army Mine Craft"
396:Harbor Defense Command
164:coastal fortifications
162:and their subordinate
160:coast defense commands
108:Gen. William M. Graham
102:
79:defenses of Manila Bay
584:, pp. 1175–1176.
496:: 469–472. June 1929.
144:Coast Artillery Corps
99:Major Samuel Ringgold
96:
67:underwater minefields
63:Coast Artillery Corps
421:Shipbuilding History
675:Miscellaneous Ships
652:, pp. 343–352.
602:on 27 February 2012
538:on 27 February 2012
848:. U.S. Coast Guard
822:. U.S. Coast Guard
746:Chappell, Gordon.
714:The New York Times
681:on 3 February 2002
330:lighthouse tenders
286:Assistant Engineer
103:
820:"Speedwell, 1923"
568:978-0-9748167-3-9
196:Carol Ryrie Brink
118:, later becoming
47:
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16:(Redirected from
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628:. Archived from
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214:U.S. Coast Guard
171:controlled mines
120:U.S. Coast Guard
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427:on 23 June 2013
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201:Caddie Woodlawn
148:Warrant Officer
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128:diesel-electric
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865:External links
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843:"Pequot, 1922"
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716:, May 16, 1921
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425:the original
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334:buoy tenders
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179:Signal Corps
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112:Joseph Henry
111:
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98:
75:Panama Canal
58:
55:mine planter
50:
48:
38:
779:. NavSource
650:Berhow 2015
511:. U.S. Army
415:T. Colton.
345:USCGC
268:Second Mate
210:buoy tender
83:Philippines
36:USAMP MP-7
904:Categories
665:F. V. Hunt
636:2019-03-09
624:Corregidor
402:References
342:cable ship
259:First Mate
700:Clay 2010
582:Clay 2010
326:Speedwell
216:service.
49:The U.S.
757:18 April
375:See also
369:Yamacraw
365:Yamacraw
317:Camanche
235:Insignia
77:and the
893:LET GO!
852:9 March
826:9 March
783:9 March
685:9 March
606:9 March
542:9 March
515:9 March
454:9 March
431:9 March
361:Trapper
324:as the
229:Spurgin
225:Spurgin
138:History
81:in the
733:LXXXXI
565:
475:LXXXII
357:(MP-9)
353:USAMP
347:Pequot
328:class
250:Master
97:USAMP
89:Origin
846:(PDF)
805:(PDF)
669:Niles
663:"R/V
311:Chimo
188:Niles
854:2012
828:2012
785:2012
759:2013
687:2012
667:(ex
608:2012
563:ISBN
544:2012
517:2012
456:2012
433:2012
332:and
314:and
906::
775:.
750:.
731:.
673:.
671:)"
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