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and farmstead, and killed all the cattle and wildlife on the farm. Malaria then spread into the region and killed 11 workers, as well as
Campbell's pregnant daughter-in-law. Hundreds of Campbell's workers lost their jobs. Campbell's farm manager and other workers were arrested and tortured by the police after they attempted to defend the farm. Campbell and his wife and son-in-law were also violently assaulted when they returned to their estate while their trial with the SADC was in process.
209:'s predominantly white government against communist-backed nationalist guerrillas. He moved to Mount Carmel farm in 1974. He added a neighbouring plot of land in 1980, following the end of the war and the country's reconstitution as black-ruled Zimbabwe. As well as farming, Campbell set up an extensive nature reserve on the property, replete with giraffes,
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The 3,000 acres (1,200 ha) farm near
Chegutu (named Hartley until 1982), located 80 miles (130 km) south-west of Harare, employed around 500 people and was a centre of agriculture, wildlife and tourism. Campbell was an early conservationist, concerned with maintaining the African wildlife.
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gathered pace, between 20 and 30 black men entered the estate, and refused to leave. Anxious that they might cut down trees on the estate to build homes, Campbell gave them a shed to sleep in. Over the following decade, invaders gradually took over
Campbell's farm; they burned down the safari lodge
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on 8 April 2011. He is survived by his wife Angela, his children Bruce, Cathy and Laura, and 6 grandchildren. Campbell's family stated that he died from complications of the 2008 assault.
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In 1999, 19 years after
Zimbabwe's independence, the government declared that it had "no interest" in the Mount Carmel estate, and granted Campbell full ownership of the land.
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Campbell's family have been farmers in Africa since 1713, when an ancestor of his, a German-born sea captain, started farming in the present-day
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and other indigenous animals. He also created the Biri River Safari Lodge, which became a popular tourist attraction.
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446:"Mike Campbell dies at 78; white Zimbabwean challenged seizure of lands"
342:"Zimbabwe: white farmer Mike Campbell mounts last stand over land grab"
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394:"Mike Campbell, Zimbabwean Farmer Who Fought Land Seizure, Dies at 78"
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171:. His struggle was the subject of an award-winning documentary,
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157:, he rose to international prominence for suing the regime of
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Mike
Campbell (Pvt) Ltd and Others v Republic of Zimbabwe
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Mike
Campbell (Pvt) Ltd and Others v Republic of Zimbabwe
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Foreign volunteers in the
Rhodesian Security Forces
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189:. Campbell considered himself to be an African.
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368:"It's an everyday story of country folk. Alas"
419:"Mugabe and the White African: Film Update"
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506:Zimbabwean people of South African descent
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141:(12 October 1932 – 8 April 2011) was a
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561:Zimbabwean people of Austrian descent
546:People from Mashonaland West Province
511:Zimbabwean people of Scottish descent
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486:Zimbabwean people of British descent
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197:During the early 1970s, Campbell, a
566:Rhodesian people of British descent
556:Zimbabwean people of German descent
531:South African emigrants to Rhodesia
458:from the original on 12 April 2011.
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496:Zimbabwean human rights activists
340:Lamb, Christina (23 March 2008).
220:The following year, however, as
153:). Together with his son-in-law
392:Dugger, Celia (10 April 2011).
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526:South African anti-communists
444:Dixon, Robyn (8 April 2011).
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201:captain, was involved in the
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161:of violating rule of law and
366:Raath, Jan (20 April 2009).
174:Mugabe and the White African
145:farmer from the district of
110:Mugabe and the White African
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501:Zimbabwean torture victims
315:"Obituary – Mike Campbell"
541:Rhodesian anti-communists
295:Mike Campbell Obituary –
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163:human rights in Zimbabwe
139:William Michael Campbell
551:People from Klerksdorp
521:White Rhodesian people
149:in Zimbabwe (formerly
226:land reform programme
50:Union of South Africa
425:. PBS. 25 July 2011
491:Zimbabwean farmers
398:The New York Times
203:Rhodesian Bush War
516:Rhodesian farmers
451:Los Angeles Times
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276:. 20 April 2011
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264:"Mike Campbell"
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321:. 8 April 2011
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128:Bruce Campbell
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95:Known for
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22:Mike Campbell
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427:. Retrieved
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401:. Retrieved
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323:. Retrieved
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278:. Retrieved
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205:that pitted
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193:Mount Carmel
187:Western Cape
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130:Laura Freeth
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99:Human rights
62:(2011-04-08)
60:8 April 2011
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481:2011 deaths
476:1932 births
79:Nationality
470:Categories
280:25 January
272:. London:
245:References
181:Background
155:Ben Freeth
101:activist;
87:Occupation
82:Zimbabwean
42:Klerksdorp
34:1932-10-12
429:8 October
372:The Times
46:Transvaal
456:Archived
207:Rhodesia
151:Rhodesia
125:Children
72:Zimbabwe
403:29 June
377:29 June
351:29 June
325:29 June
147:Chegutu
239:Harare
211:impala
117:Spouse
90:Farmer
68:Harare
233:Death
132:Cathy
431:2012
405:2011
379:2011
353:2011
327:2011
282:2012
199:SADF
57:Died
28:Born
423:POV
224:'s
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