Mieczysław Weinberg

1834:

almost to the very end; their mutual amity evident in that Weinberg's name is the one that appeared the most in Shostakovich's diary. In 1976, Weinberg composed his Symphony No. 12 in Shostakovich's memory and asked Kondrashin to conduct its premiere. The conductor had previously balked at Weinberg's vocal symphonies. When he was offered the Symphony No. 12, he accused the composer of having become "arid, variable in quality, and expressionless" since his Symphony No. 8. He stipulated furthermore that he would only conduct the Symphony No. 12 contingent on extensive cuts to the score to be approved by him. Exasperated by Kondrashin's behavior, Weinberg terminated his friendship with him. Another friendship that ended was with Rostropovich, for whom the 24 Preludes for solo cello had been intended. By the time of its composition in 1968, his relationship with Weinberg worsened to the point that he never performed the work, despite having edited it for publication. Weinberg said near the end of his life that Rostropovich had become "too busy" to play his music. Rostropovich, on the other hand, said little other than calling Weinberg "a coward". Other performers who regularly played Weinberg's music, like Barshai, had emigrated. Still, he acquired a few new advocates, including

2103:. She said that her father avoided discussions about his past. The trauma Weinberg experienced, his daughter said, left enduring traits and habits. He was paranoid of continued anti-Semitic persecution, extremely fearful of being unpunctual, and greatly worried that his connections with people outside of the Soviet Union would draw official scrutiny. When Weinberg's former classmate, Małcużyński, requested to visit with him during a tour of the Soviet Union, the composer sought repeated reassurances from authorities that it was acceptable to meet with the pianist and invite him home. In general, Viktoria described Weinberg as being an unworldly person with a childish sense of helplessness at dealing with the world beyond music and that he constantly depended on the aid of family and friends. She also said that he was not an optimist by nature. "Given all the tragic twists in his destiny", she continued, "it was difficult for him to keep optimism and, maybe, even faith in God". 2539:

expressionless" since his Symphony No. 8. He stipulated that he would only conduct the new symphony contingent on extensive cuts to the score to be approved by him. Exasperated by Kondrashin's behavior, Weinberg terminated his friendship with him. Another friendship that ended was with Rostropovich, for whom the 24 Preludes for solo cello had been intended. By the time of its composition in 1968, his relationship with Weinberg worsened to the point that he never performed the work, despite having edited it for publication. Weinberg said near the end of his life that Rostropovich had become "too busy" to play his music. Rostropovich, on the other hand, said little other than calling Weinberg "a coward". Other performers who regularly played Weinberg's music, like Barshai, had emigrated.

1227: 1739: 2353: 1721:, who befriended Weinberg on this trip, "was that the city he knew no longer existed". Despite much searching, he found virtually nobody who had known him before the war, aside from his former classmate Turski. He also finally learned about his family's death. Weinberg's feelings of unease on this trip were reinforced by the snubbing he received from most Polish composers; an outcome that was based on their perceptions of him as a stylistic reactionary and a member of the Soviet establishment, as well as their general suspicion of Russian culture. This did not preclude his enjoyment of their works such as 2535:. Weinberg was later personally confronted about the symphony by Kabalevsky, who related to him that he was "immensely despondent and aghast at extraordinary failure". When pressed about why the symphony was "hopeless, sad, and even demoralizing", Weinberg responded that his symphony was nothing of the kind. "The whole point of the symphony", he told Kabalevsky, "was about the struggle against the most terrible evil of all—war—and that the Soviet people, who had suffered from fascism the most, would never permit war and, therefore, could sleep in peace". 533: 2210:, in addition to various incidental scores for feature films, cartoons, theatre, and the circus. His works include twenty-two symphonies, seventeen string quartets, nineteen instrumental sonatas, seven operas, four cantatas, four chamber symphonies, and more than one-hundred songs. Critical discourse about his music is mostly centered on his symphonies. Of all his works, the string quartets cover the widest span of his career, from 1937 to 1986. The composer used the genre to test ideas and stylistic motifs that he later developed in other compositions. 652: 1872:. His career, nevertheless, declined significantly in his last years. His friendship with Boris Tchaikovsky worsened, despite living in the same apartment building, and finally ruptured over what Olga described as "pseudo-ideological reasons". Poor health prevented Weinberg from socializing and attending concerts; he became increasingly reclusive as a result. Changes in leadership at the Union of Composers also affected Weinberg professionally. He described his life and outlook during this period in a letter to Sviridov dated March 29, 1981: 1386:, and his wife. At 2:00 a.m., the police arrived with an arrest warrant for Weinberg. He got dressed, stated to his friends that he was innocent, and surrendered himself into police custody. His office was sealed and his apartment was searched until the morning. Fear of torture impelled him to admit culpability to whatever charges he was accused of, irrespective of their plausibility. These included accusations of digging a tunnel to England under his home in order to flee the country. His wife inquired regularly with officials at the 1411: 2129:

than socializing. Music was the common bond between him and his closest friends. In letters to Olga, Weinberg declared that the act of composition was something he did not approach lightly. " is an eternal conversation", he told her, "an eternal search for harmony between mankind and nature". He went on to declare his disdain for the ostentatious personal affectations cultivated by other artists. A true artist, according to him, must radiate their intrinsic quality and distinctiveness in everyday fellowship with his audience.

1798:. Weinberg divorced his wife Natalya in 1970 after dithering on the matter for a long period; she and their daughter emigrated to Israel in 1972. That same year, he married Rakhalskaya, who had given birth to their daughter Anna in 1971. Many of his peers and friends, who respected Natalya's family and its legacy, shunned the composer after his divorce. Shostakovich was one of his few friends who remained supportive. There is no evidence that Weinberg's career suffered as a direct result of his divorce and new marriage. 2034:

Weinberg had "never engaged in pursuit of God and was not religious at all". Olga denied that Weinberg had been coerced into conversion. She replied that involuntary baptism is sinful and of no value, and that Weinberg had been considering his conversion for about a year before he asked to be baptized. In his monograph on Weinberg, the British musicologist Daniel Elphick said that Weinberg's conversion must be considered in context of the fact that there is no evidence that he ever practiced the Jewish faith:

766: 2149:"Poland is my homeland", Weinberg said after his visit to the country in 1966, "but my second homeland remains Russia". Nevertheless, the Polish language became for him a symbol of what was lost in his birthplace; he maintained his command of it and regularly read in the language. Meyer observed that Weinberg's Polish was perfect, formal, and bourgeois. Similarly, Mielcarek recalled Weinberg's reaction when asked whether he preferred to speak Polish before he received his honor in 1994: 6322: 840: 6486: 1630: 1121:. Soon after this meeting, Weinberg was accepted into the Union of Soviet Composers. The benefits he received as a member permitted him to focus on composing full-time, as well as allowed him access to food and products unobtainable to ordinary Soviet citizens. Weinberg's newfound comfort, which contrasted sharply with his financial and professional standing in prewar Poland, also coincided with a gradual return to normalcy in everyday Soviet life. 33: 806:. The broadcast set off a panic in Warsaw. The next morning, Weinberg left with his sister and headed eastwards towards the Soviet Union. In mid-journey, his sister decided to return home because her shoes were badly hurting her feet. Weinberg never saw her and his parents again. It was not until 1966, during his only subsequent trip to Poland, that he learned from surviving former neighbors that his family had been murdered at the 2426:, and Myaskovsky. Nikitina noted that Weinberg adopted from Mahler a desire to express through music a perception of reality that was profound and tragic. She said that the composer's programmatic attitudes to composition and what she described as the pantheistic outlook of works such as the Sixth and Eight symphonies best exemplified the connection between the two composers. Weinberg's chamber music also evinces the influence of 1563:, who subsequently conducted the symphony's premiere, and then for a session in April of the Leningrad branch of the RSFSR Union of Composers. At the latter performance, the symphony provoked intense debate, to which Weinberg replied in its defense. That same year, Weinberg and Shostakovich made a recording, which the former later described as a "treasure, a kind of talisman". They also made a private recording of Shostakovich's 642:. From an early age, Weinberg was surrounded by music; he later said that "life was first music teacher". At the age of six, he began to accompany his father to musical performances. He taught himself to play the piano at an early age and eventually developed sufficient skill to substitute for his father as conductor at the Jewish Theatre. Weinberg also began to compose, although he did not accord these early works importance: 1316: 2005:

performed in Poland. I officially informed him about awarding him the Polish medal and asked if I might decorate him. He agreed. It was an unconventional ceremony, but at the same time very emotional. When I was pinning the decoration on him, I saw that he did not hide the fact that he was very moved. ... "I have to complain to you about the Creator", said . "As you can see, his idea of old age was not a success".

1680:

wherein he drew from personal experience, treated the act of creation as a "mirror of his individual perception", and produced music of social significance. The non-vocal symphonies that followed, Nos. 7 and 10, were by their chamber orchestra scoring comparatively restrained in its use of resources. The latter was enthusiastically praised by Shostakovich, while the former shows traces of being influenced by the

939:, particularly their use of folk music idioms. In turn, Weinberg absorbed these influences and began turning to Jewish folklore and music for inspiration. Pleased at the young man's abilities, Zolotarev described Weinberg as "a charming and handsome young man, very (extraordinarily) talented". Concern for Weinberg's health and finances led Zolotarev to solicit help for him from the 1363:, Mikhoels' successor at GOSET, was arrested in February 1950. He was interrogated by authorities about Weinberg, but told them he knew little except that he knew he was a composer, one of Shostakovich's friends, and that Khrennikov considered him a "formalist". Zuskin's arrest led Weinberg and his wife to believe that their arrest would soon follow. One of his wife's relatives, 1327:. This was followed on February 14 by a ruling that listed composers and works banned from performance. Although Weinberg was not one of the six composers who were the campaign's most prominent targets, his music for children was censured. He was also further compromised professionally by his association with Shostakovich, who had been among the six denounced composers. 1079:, a former Shostakovich pupil, also befriended Weinberg in Tashkent. It was to him that Weinberg consigned a copy of his Symphony No. 1 to give to Shostakovich. Weinberg may have also been assisted by Mikhoels, who had a friendly relationship with the composer. A few weeks later, Weinberg received an official invitation from the Committee on the Arts to come to Moscow. 1830:, Shostakovich, Khrennikov, and Sviridov—who as union chairman praised the opera as being "written with the heart's blood"—plans for a premiere at the Bolshoi Theatre were rejected by the Ministry of Culture. Later research has neither been able to determine a cause for this decision, nor other later rejections of proposed performances elsewhere in the Soviet Union. 433:, that quickly developed into a romantic relationship; they married in 1972. Starting in this period, his personal life stabilized and was dominated mostly by work. His concert music was played with less frequency as many of its former exponents had left the Soviet Union, severed their friendships with Weinberg, or died. He acquired a few new advocates, including 1117:. Weinberg played for them a piano reduction of his Symphony No. 1, to which Shostakovich replied with a few appreciative comments. The meeting established a friendship between the composers that endured until Shostakovich's death. Weinberg thereafter was entrusted as a partner in many of the first hearings of Shostakovich's orchestral music in reductions for 2187:

composers, including Shostakovich, had been severe, and denied facts relating to these. "Evidently he had invested too much in his search for freedom to give up on it", wrote Fanning. Olga said in an essay published in 2023 that Weinberg's patriotism for the Soviet Union and Russia should not be misunderstood as an "imaginary love of Soviet officialdom".

2316:

chronic health problems and the collapse of the Soviet Union. Weinberg completed a few works in the 1990s, including the sketch score of his Symphony No. 22, his last. Worsening health prevented him from orchestrating it and from continuing any further composition after 1994. Elphick said that Weinberg's late music was both a product and reflection of

1821:, which in turn she had adapted from her original radio play. The novel was translated into Russian and published in the Soviet Union in 1963. One of its admirers was Shostakovich, who discerned the novel's potential as a basis for an opera. He shared a copy with the writer Alexander Medvedev who, in turn, gave it to Weinberg. Its plot, about a former 972:. Along with his diploma, Weinberg gathered his manuscripts and family photographs, then fled Minsk with his friend Klumov. Although Weinberg was initially refused permission to leave by the authorities, he obtained forged documents from Klumov that certified him as a music teacher. With these he was able to travel as far as his finances permitted—to 1062:, significantly improved the composer's social and financial standing. He intensely admired and respected his father-in-law, to whom he dedicated his Violin Sonata No. 1 composed in 1943. In turn, Mikhoels strove to find any information for Weinberg about the fate of his family, but was unsuccessful. It was only through a meeting with the trumpeter 2332:. His later music was motivated by his need to memorialize the violence of war, death of his family, and loss of Poland as homeland. Seven of Weinberg's compositions are dedicated to his family, of which four alone bear dedications to his mother; he commemorated the war in nine works, including the late symphonic trilogy, 1189:. From October 2 to 8, a smaller campaign took place within the Union of Soviet Composers. Under the guises of encouraging composers to seek "more creative guidance" and to develop "closer ties between Soviet composers and Soviet reality", the campaign was designed to subjugate Soviet music to the purposes of propaganda. 2308:, while its successor, the String Quartet No. 8 from 1959, gained recognition in the West; for many years, it was the only one of the composer's quartets played in the West. Works which had long remained unperformed, such as the Symphony No. 2, were premiered and played in the Soviet Union and elsewhere within the 6269: 5025:[Moisei was a great patriot of the Soviet Union and Russia. Whenever we criticized the Soviet way of life, he disagreed, told us that we had no idea how things were when they were really scary, and that it was here that he was saved. Not once did he ever besmirch our country, which indeed saved him.] 2336:. However, Weinberg adhered to the Soviet perception of World War II as a multinational tragedy to which no single group of peoples could claim having been exceptionally victimized. Therefore, his music neither explicitly commemorates the consequences that Jewish people experienced in the war nor the 2213:

Weinberg's compositions from his youth in Poland consisted of a pair of mazurkas, the Three Pieces for violin and piano, and his String Quartet No. 1; the latter was dedicated to Turczyński. It was not until after he became a pupil of Zolotarev that Weinberg began to seriously pursue composition as a

2033:

Fanning believed that Weinberg converted under pressure from his wife, who was a Sunday school teacher of Jewish ancestry. Weinberg's first daughter, Viktoria, said in a 2016 interview that because of Weinberg's chronic illnesses, she doubted that his conversion had been voluntary. In her experience,

1969:

Of more immediate concern was the loss of state healthcare. The Russian medical system had deteriorated to such a degree that he could not receive treatment after breaking his hip at his apartment in late 1992. Henceforth, he was homebound; in the last two years of his life he was bedridden. His wife

1806:

He worked every single minute, day and night. If he wasn't sleeping, he was working. Even in his sleep. When he was dozing off he would often drum his fingers without realizing it, as though they were grasping the piano keys. That's why there are no memorable data in his biography: the only important

1716:

on tour in Poland led to the composer's first and only visit to the country of his birth since the war. Accompanied by his friend Tchaikovsky, Weinberg walked through the streets of Warsaw. Although he found his family home still standing, he was appalled as much by how the city had transformed as it

2488:

The "stellar years" of the 1960s generated most of the Russian publications about Weinberg during his lifetime. The reception of his instrumental music proceeded largely without negative commentary. Mixed reactions and hostility from colleagues met his vocal music, however, such as his Symphony No.

1679:

on March 23, 1960. With the Symphony No. 5 of 1962, Weinberg reached his maturity as a symphonic composer. According to the musicologist Lyudmila Nikitina, who had first met the composer in the early 1960s, the symphony crystallized procedures that Weinberg would continue to use throughout his life;

1004:

In spite of these challenges, when Weinberg and Klumov disembarked in Taskent in July 1941, they were determined to secure employment and ration cards for themselves. With his skills as a piano soloist and ensemble player, as well as composer, Weinberg was in an advantageous position. He was quickly

2569:

Weinberg's 75th birthday in 1994 elicited no response from the Russian government and various musical organizations. The 80th anniversary of his birth in 1999, however, was commemorated with six concerts that programmed twenty-four of his chamber works; this was followed by a symposium. Interest in

2538:

In 1976, Weinberg composed his Symphony No. 12 in Shostakovich's memory and asked Kondrashin to conduct its premiere. The conductor had previously balked at Weinberg's vocal symphonies. When he was offered the Symphony No. 12, he accused the composer of having become "arid, variable in quality, and

2390:

And so this was the first time I found out any music by ... I understood that being just any composer was for more or less talented craftsmen, but a real composer was a reasoning and comprehending personality. I remember how, sitting and playing in the orchestra, I was amazed by every phrase, every

2158:

Afterwards, Weinberg talked about his frustration at having the realization of his musical ideas impeded by the decay of his body. When Mielcarek asked him how he coped, the composer replied: "Sir, fortunately there is still wonderful Polish music. Every day, I play Chopin's pieces in my mind and I

2128:

At home, family life was arranged entirely around Weinberg's work schedule, which began early in the morning daily. When compositions were completed, he would play them for his family and friends, often late into the night. According to Viktoria, Weinberg preferred to spend his time at home, rather

2115:

who is irresponsible for his own actions because he understood nothing outside of music reflects little of Weinberg's personality. A man who had financially supported his family since the age of 13, who beat out a living at the piano; a man who—while imprisoned was tortured by lack of sleep and the

2038:

Weinberg made extremely few statements about religion, but he evidently believed in God. His decision to convert was, according to , "made entirely in his right mind". Although his first daughter has attempted to question this, all signs point to the conclusion that Weinberg made this very personal

1434:

Following the composition of the Overture for orchestra soon after his release from prison, Weinberg temporarily shifted his creative efforts away from concert works. Those that he did compose tended to be chamber music, which by their relative economy of resources were more likely to be performed.

306:

advanced on Warsaw, Weinberg left his parents behind and fled with his sister towards the Soviet border. Discomfort forced his sister to turn back in mid-journey—he never saw her or the rest of his family again. During his only subsequent visit to Poland in 1966, he learned that his family had been

2136:

Even on his deathbed, he managed to utter words that were crucial to me. In the very hushed voice of a dying man, he said: "Thank you, Vladimir Ivanovich". That was how he expressed his thanks to me for the fact that I always conducted many of his works. He was very courteous, always even-tempered

2004:

The composer was weak, bedridden, and evidently exhausted by illness, but calm. ... During my two-hour visit, he was clearly animated and interested in our conversation. He asked me about Polish composers, regretted that he could not return to Poland, and stressed his hope that his pieces could be

1763:

became an instant favorite with Soviet audiences; it has since been recognized as the best known of all his cartoon scores. Weinberg's music continued to be renowned in Russia long after the cartoon's release, with the verses sung by its titular character entering the popular lexicon. The composer

1209:

reacted by defending Weinberg. Instead, they urged, he needed the assistance of his colleagues to bring his musical style into alignment with the expectations of Soviet officialdom. Khachaturian expanded on this point by saying that critics who had praised Weinberg had done him a disservice by not

1074:

was evacuated to Tashkent. Israel Finkelstein, a former teaching assistant to Shostakovich, met Weinberg and was greatly impressed by his music. Afterwards, Finkelstein conveyed his opinions on Weinberg to Shostakovich. His enthusiasm provoked Shostakovich's curiosity, who requested to see some of

2315:

Weinberg continued to be prolifically creative through the 1980s. Among the works he composed during this period were five symphonies, four solo sonatas, three song cycles, two chamber symphonies, two operas, two string quartets, an operetta, and a concerto. His output dropped as a consequence of

2256:

Following Weinberg's move to Moscow in 1943, he no longer dealt with privation and successfully integrated into the city's musical culture. In the immediate postwar years, he added to his work catalog twenty-one compositions during these years—a total of approximately seven hours' worth of music.

2043:

Gwizdalanka said that although Weinberg may not have been aware that anti-Semitism in the Orthodox Church exceeded that in Western Christianity, the message of death as freedom and the promise of eternity in Brodsky's poem had been decisive in his conversion. " was not just baptized, but he was a

497:

The order came to let the refugees in. Some kind of squad was put together to examine the documents, but quite carelessly, because there were a lot of people. When they came up to me, I was asked: "Last name?"—"Weinberg"—"First?"—"Mieczysław"—"'Mieczysław', what is that? You Jewish?"—"Jewish"—"So

380:

led to Weinberg's release on April 25. For the next few years, he focused his efforts on music for film and stage. By the end of the 1950s, he turned his attention again to concert music. He experienced his greatest professional success in the 1960s, when his music was played by musicians such as

2029:

the composer found moving. Weinberg was baptized in February 1996. A letter from Weinberg to Sviridov contains annotations from the latter that suggest the two composers may have discussed matters pertaining to the Orthodox Church in person or over the telephone in late 1988. In the same letter,

1833:

Exponents of Weinberg's music began to diminish or lose influence in the 1970s. His friend Sviridov's term as chairman of the RSFSR Union of Composers ended in 1973; he was not reelected. A more serious loss was the death of Shostakovich on August 9, 1975. The two composers were in close contact

1335:

Shining evidence of the fruitfulness of the path to realism is to be found in the Sinfonietta by Weinberg, a composer who used to be under the powerful influence of modernistic art which distorted his unquestionable talent in an ugly way. Turning to the sources of Jewish folk music, Weinberg has

1490:

for the first time: in the Soviet Union, behind the Iron Curtain, without television, virtually no radio, without any commercials, and in totalitarian-filtered austerity; everything is Soviet, nothing is foreign, imported, capitalist, unfamiliar, in this rarefied space—a movie theatre. It was a

951:

I remember how astonished I was , this first impression stayed with me my whole life. I was twenty years old back then and he was in his fifties, I think. He seemed a little old man to me. As I made to leave, he suddenly picked up my coat and helped me. I was completely dumbfounded and my hands

453:

had immediate adverse consequences for him and his output. The loss of state patronage and healthcare prevented him from receiving treatment for his broken hip in late 1992, which left him homebound, and eventually bedridden. Belated recognition of his music outside of Russia began in the 1990s

2279:

During the period immediately following his release from jail, Weinberg established a career that accommodated his personal goals with those of the state. By the end of the 1950s he began to reorient his energies back into concert music; a turn signaled in 1957 by the composition of the String

2186:

called him a "great patriot of the Soviet Union and Russia". Weinberg admonished detractors, whom he said did not understand wartime terrors and how his adopted homeland had saved his life. Throughout his life, Weinberg rejected suggestions that the official persecution endured by him or other

518:

Re-transliteration of the composer's surname from Cyrillic back into the Latin alphabet produces a variety of spellings. "Vainberg" became the most common in the 1990s because of a series of compact disc releases on the Olympia label. Per Skans, the author of their liner notes, had erroneously

1801:

The rupture of Weinberg's first marriage notwithstanding, his personal life stabilized in his later years, dominated mostly by work and increasingly illness. He continued to enjoy steady income from film work, which permitted him to continue composing full-time, although he complained that it

1330:

In spite of these developments, Weinberg appeared to have no cause for concern about his personal welfare. One of his works, the Sinfonietta No. 1, was received warmly by the press. It was also praised by Khrennikov after it was performed at the December 1948 plenum of the Union of Composers:

1825:

guard who believes she sees a long-dead inmate while traveling on an ocean liner, may have reminded Weinberg of a similar incident that had occurred to him while he met with Małcużyński, when the composer became agitated upon seeing one of the jailers from his 1953 arrest sitting nearby at a

1000:

were difficult. The first wave of refugees who arrived in the city found plenteous food and places to live. This gave rise to a popular saying at the time, "Tashkent has bread in abundance". As the war progressed, however, nationwide supply shortages and a growing population of evacuees from

2445:

According to Nikitina, the decisive event in Weinberg's career was his move to the Soviet Union, where he matured as a composer. As a result, she said, his work was "inextricably bound with Soviet artistic and quotidian life" and is stylistically interlinked with the music of his compatriot

2116:

lights of nightsticks beamed into his eyes—never signed a single denunciation, must have known about personal responsibility. Closer to the essence of who he was are the words spoken about him in an article by his friend, the composer Lev Solin: "A mighty spirit in a fragile body".

818:

Two or three Jews were walking along the road; their clothing revealed that they were Jews. In that moment, a motorcycle came along. A German got off and, from the gesticulation, we understood that he was asking for the way somewhere. They showed him precisely... He probably said

2181: 1217:

for orchestra, the music he composed immediately after these remarks, instead, continued to pursue and refine stylistic traits that he had established during the war. Other works that may have reflected his acceptance of Khachaturian's advice are now partially or entirely lost.

2013:, presented Weinberg with a recording that had been made there of his Piano Trio. Although he noted that Weinberg's speech was impeded by severe breathing problems and that he looked "very thin, very faint, like a shadow", Altskan said his face retained a youthful countenance. 2770:

Why Weinberg? Why not Vainberg? Why not Wainberg? Or Vajnberg? Or Wajnberg? Weinberg is correct, all other spellings are wrong! ... I confess having a certain guilt myself, since I once accepted—without checking them—certain rumors that Weinberg himself preferred the spelling

5023:Моисей был большим патриотом Советского Союза и России. Когда мы ругали советский строй, то он никогда этого не поддерживал и говорил, что мы не знаем, что такое, когда страшно, и что именно здесь его спасли. Он никогда не чернил нашу страну, которая его действительно спасла. 1672:, and numerous other works. Increased royalties from performances of his concert music in combination with steady film work, which was the most profitable available to Soviet composers, provided Weinberg with the freedom to earn a comfortable living from composition alone. 5061: 646:

What does writing music mean to a child? I simply took down one of my father's music sheets and scribbled down something or other... But in this way, I studied music right from my birth, as it were. And when I wrote these "operettas" I probably imagined myself to be a

1066:, a fellow Polish immigrant who was touring Tashkent and had also played at the Café Adria before the war, that he learned his family had been deported from Warsaw by train to an unknown destination. This would be all Weinberg knew about his family's fate until 1966. 1880:

In another letter to Sviridov dated January 5, 1988, Weinberg expressed his dismay at how quickly loneliness became entrenched into his life, especially after the activity he experienced in the 1960s. "I do not lament it and accept it as a fact of life", he added.

694:. The latter's Piano Concerto was included on the concert program; Weinberg was the soloist. A reviewer praised him as the best performer at the concert and described his playing as "truly manly". That same year, Weinberg also composed music for an early film by 2566:. "Weinberg somehow not exist for Soviet music", Tchaikovsky said. Many of Weinberg's friends and colleagues had also died or left the Soviet Union. Because Weinberg never taught, he was unable to benefit from the help of a network of colleagues and students. 2098: 1527:. A contemporary Soviet film encyclopedia praised Weinberg for the skill and precision with which he used his music, which it described as being guided by "dreams, love, and hope". The score, which includes a sequence for piano and orchestra in the style of 1298:

surreptitiously conveyed to Weinberg's family his condolences, but urged them not to inquire any further about the actor's death. Weinberg was placed under constant MVD surveillance, regularly harassed by the police, and had his travel privileges curtailed.

1140:

victory in Europe was broadcast over all radio stations in the Soviet Union on the night of May 9, 1945. Weinberg and his family were at the Mikhoels home when they heard the news. Weinberg's wife said that she ran downstairs to tell her father. He replied:

1069:

Weinberg composed his Symphony No. 1 in late 1942; he dedicated it to the Red Army. Despite being unperformed in public until 1967, the work was of decisive importance in Weinberg's life. Around the time of the symphony's composition, the faculty of the

1485:

It chills down my spine, needles pricking me in the chest and knees, a spasm in my throat, tears in my eyes, hope, grim delight, and joy. We could not know the word "catharsis". I do not think you can comprehend what it meant to a nine-year-old to see

1960:

in 1991, his creative energies diminished. The change from a communist to capitalist system had an immediate and adverse effect on Weinberg. Dependent on state support his whole life, he was immediately left without any sources of income after the new

1306:, who was appointed general secretary of the union, led the proceedings, but refused to engage in anti-Semitic tactics. This resulted in a number of anonymous letters accusing him of having sold out the interests of Soviet culture. On February 10, the 919: 2596:

According to Weinberg's own reckoning, he was born on December 8, 1919. His birth certificate withal states the date as January 12, 1919. The Polish musicologist and Weinberg biographer, Danuta Gwizdalanka, believes his birth occurred on December 8,

1932: 868:; he composed his Piano Sonata No. 1 in the latter town, which he nicknamed the work after. Weinberg and other recent Polish immigrants were granted Soviet citizenship by local authorities in Minsk. This permitted him the privilege to enroll at the 2523: 2280:

Quartet No. 7, his first essay in the genre in eleven years. As his prosperity and visibility increased in the 1960s, so did his connections with the top Soviet musicians of the era. Along with longstanding friends like Kogan, who premiered the

787:

Despite the outbreak of war, Weinberg maintained his daily routine and believed the assurances of Polish propaganda that Poland would emerge victorious against Germany's invasion. Late night on September 6, 1939, Weinberg returned home from the

851:

Weinberg arrived in the Soviet Union with few personal belongings aside from some of his musical manuscripts and family photographs. His poor health excluded him from consideration for military service. It is believed that before he settled in

1145:"It is not enough to win the war. Now the world will need to be won and that is much more difficult". With those words, he cooled our elation; and we would have the chance to see how much truth there was in his words for the rest of our lives. 928:. Klumov gave lessons in the Russian language to Weinberg, who quickly became fluent. After school, Weinberg worked as a pianist. He sometimes partnered in duet with Tyrmand, with whom he played medleys of themes from popular American films. 1620:

As Weinberg's reputation and income improved during the late 1950s, he indulged in his delight in shopping for clothes and second-hand books. His daughter Viktoria described him in these years as cutting the figure of a "real Polish dandy".

1898: 1598: 2401:, Weinberg had little previous familiarity with Shostakovich's music, a fact he expressed regret for later in life. "Even today I feel aggrieved because I was deprived of his music in the strongest, freshest years of my youth", he said. 1356:, were only first played years later. Much of Weinberg's energies in these years were devoted to music for films and the circus; the latter was considered by the Soviet government to be second only to the film industry in importance. 2267: 5077: 1274: 347: 2442:. His music also contains elements of traditional Polish, Russian, and Jewish music. Deliberate choice and circumstances beyond Weinberg's control led him to be influenced by the Polish and Soviet avant-garde in his late music. 2459:

Weinberg's music was generally received positively in his early years in the Soviet Union, but it faced insinuations about its perceived derivativeness and dependence on wartime imagery. Postwar music critics, particularly

1311: 1751:

Throughout the 1960s, Weinberg continued to compose music for films and cartoons. While the feature films he scored in those years did not attain a similar level of fame to those he scored in the 1950s, his music for the

6655: 823:", sat down again, started the engine, and as the Jews resumed walking, to send them on their way he threw a hand grenade, which tore them to shreds. I could have easily died the same way. On the whole, dying was easy. 666:

in October 1931, where she felt his talent would be more suitably developed. The identities of Weinberg's teachers during his first two years at the conservatory are no longer known, but in 1933 he became a student of

1789: 1472: 1461: 428: 2484:

for a Stalin Prize, but it lost. Weinberg was one of the few major Soviet composers of the 1940s and early 1950s who neither won a Stalin Prize nor whose nominations ever progressed beyond the first round of voting.

1091:. Myaskovsky was among those who heard the work; he described it as "talented, technically fine, but without warmth". Weinberg and his family arrived in Moscow in October. They briefly settled into an apartment on 2106:

Olga, Weinberg's second wife, dismissed Viktoria's recollections, which she criticized as making the composer seem like a "mental defective, who sometimes appeared to be more like a psychopath or schizophrenic":

1654:, as well as access to the union's circuit of creative resorts across the Soviet Union. Weinberg composed a number of important works, including his Symphony No. 10 and String Quartet No. 12, at the resort in 908: 886: 2245:, whom he had met in Tashkent. Two pieces for string quartet, the "Aria" and "Capriccio", were also composed, but these remained unperformed during the composer's lifetime. In addition, he also composed his 2153:

It was as if he was waiting for that opportunity, as if he needed it. His Polish was beautiful, flawless, and typical of the prewar Polish intelligentsia. He spoke fluently with an extraordinary richness of

813:

Weinberg's trek to the Soviet Union took him seventeen days. He escaped wartime dangers along the way, but witnessed other refugees who did not and died. One incident occurred near the Soviet–Polish border:

2528:

attacked the symphony for being what he called a "ballad of dead children". Their opposition resulted in the cancellation of an article about the symphony that had been scheduled for a forthcoming issue of

2070: 93: 2137:

with colleagues, but, unfortunately, they did not respond in kind, somehow did not notice it. I would even say—they crushed him. It is difficult for me to judge the reasons for such coldness. Envy perhaps?

519:

believed that this was the composer's favored choice. Starting in the 21st century, "Weinberg" became the most widespread spelling. However, there is no evidence that the composer preferred that spelling.

753:, for which he promised to obtain an American visa. Ultimately, Weinberg decided to pursue a career as a composer rather than pianist. In the event, he was unable to accept Hofmann's offer because of the 1289: 1164:

Beyond these personal successes, major shifts in Soviet cultural policy were taking place. Increased repression and marginalization of minority groups was signaled in 1946 when Jewish candidates for the

1965:

halted funding for the renamed Union of Russian Composers. Fedoseyev, Raskatov, and Shostakovich's widow, Irina, were among those who thereafter provided Weinberg and his family with financial support.

342: 419:

was an immediate success; the verses sung by its titular character entered the Russian popular lexicon. Weinberg later said that its music had contributed the most to the preservation of his legacy.

2542:

According to Alexander Tchaikovsky, Weinberg's rapid marginalization from the mainstream of Soviet music in the 1980s was the by-product of increased interest in avant-gardists of the time such as

682:'s Piano Trio. His next appearance was in mid-1937, as one of the musicians that performed at the conservatory's annual graduation concert. The students who received diplomas at the event included 264:

in Poland, his early years were surrounded by music. He taught himself to play the piano at a young age and eventually became skilled enough to substitute for his father as a conductor at Warsaw's

1855: 1497: 1973:

Belated recognition outside of Russia finally came at the very end of Weinberg's life, facilitated by Tommy Persson, a Swedish judge who learned about the composer from reading Boris Schwartz's

1649: 1704:

mentioned that he was a highly regarded composer in the Soviet Union whose name was often mentioned in connection with Shostakovich. In 1963, Weinberg's String Quartet No. 8 was played by the

6142: 1491:

revelation, a shock, a bitter tragedy with an exalted conclusion that was ripped from destiny. It was a song we all sang. Soon a record came out and I bought it. Music by Weinberg, lyrics by

2378:, an experience he later described as being like "the discovery of a continent". This occurred during a performance by the State Symphony Orchestra of the Byelorussian SSR of Shostakovich's 1508: 5932: 1735:, which he heard at that year's installment of the Warsaw Autumn. All the same, the visit left him disillusioned: he came to the conclusion that there was no country for him to return to. 1445:

in the title role, became successful enough that he extracted an orchestral suite for concert performances. The resulting suite became one of his most often performed works, with only the

678:

Weinberg made his professional debut in a chamber concert organized by the Polish Society for Contemporary Music on December 10, 1936, wherein he was the pianist for the world premiere of

1956:, his last Soviet honor. Despite discomfort from health problems, including a fever, Weinberg attended the ceremony at the Kremlin, which was broadcast on television. By the time of the 1001:

elsewhere in the Soviet Union strained the city's resources. Housing and food became scarce; crime rates soared. The sight of people dead in the street from starvation was not uncommon.

2328:

Childhood experiences and the trauma of World War II are recurring programmatic themes in Weinberg's music. His outlook as a composer was defined by personal humanism and opposition to

2088:

Weinberg's first wife, Natalya, mentioned him only twice in her memoirs. Viktoria, his first daughter, spoke at length about her father's character in a 2016 interview with the pianist

1390:

to determine Weinberg's state and to ensure that he was alive. She was soon contacted by Shostakovich, who informed her that he vouched for Weinberg's innocence in a personal letter to

707: 2489:

6. A work that the musicologist Lyudmila Nikitina said is structured "akin to a dramatic monologue", it is the first of his six vocal symphonies, and consists of settings of texts by

2141:

The neglect of his music in later years personally disappointed Weinberg, but he made no effort to promote his own music and often lost interest in his works after he completed them.

1210:

balancing their views with diagnoses of his shortcomings. He also implored Weinberg to explore his "national melos", which the Armenian composer remarked was used "extremely rarely".

1201:

A slackening of bonds between formal mastery and richness of ideas... This is a dangerous tendency. Our youth has to learn from the elder generation about the importance of ideology.

2030:

Weinberg wrote of his concern over the "inevitability of losing one's physical shell" and of his music's "contact with spiritual, eternal values, without which a man is not a man".

1849:, and was written about widely in the musical press. He found contentment in life with his second wife and daughter, with whom he often spent time with in excursions to the town of 1712:. Audiences and critics considered the work old-fashioned and mostly ignored it. In 1966, an ultimately aborted attempt by Kondrashin to conduct Weinberg's Symphony No. 8 with the 2391:

musical idea, as if a thousand electrical charges were piercing me. Probably this is the feeling felt by everyone who at one time or another has felt the urge to exclaim "Eureka!"

2230:

was meant to be a distraction from wartime stresses. He dedicated to an unnamed woman in whom he may been romantically interested. The Symphonic Poem had initially been named the

1269: 943:. This led to Weinberg being sent to Moscow as one of the participating delegates for the Festival of Byelorussian Art in June 1940. Through Klumov, Weinberg was introduced to 2241:

In Tashkent, Weinberg developed his skills and composed prolifically. Aside from the Violin Sonata No. 1, he composed the Piano Sonata No. 2, which was premiered in Moscow by

2476:, a common string technique that he was unfamiliar with. His rebuke of the work was also interpreted as a proxy attack against Shostakovich. In the event, Weinberg's friend, 1876:

As always, I work. I live quieter than a mouse, keeping a low profile. ... I now get sick often. People upset me more and more. I do not hope for anything and expect nothing.

1352:. Weinberg also composed a number of other populist works during the late 1940s, but suppressed them from being performed. Other works, like the Violin Sonatina composed for 1359:

Around Weinberg, official persecution of Jews intensified. In November 1948, the government dissolved the Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee and arrested several of its members.

1344:

The work soon established itself as a part of the Soviet orchestral repertoire and was one of Weinberg's most played works through the mid-1950s. Another work, the cantata

6021: 1977:. In the 1990s, Persson was the foremost promoter of the composer's music outside of Russia. On December 8, 1994, Weinberg received at his apartment a delegation from the 1794:, that quickly developed into a romantic relationship. The couple had been introduced to each other to by Weinberg's daughter Viktoria, who was Rakhalskaya's classmate at 615: 1340:

and devoted to the joyous, free working life of Jewish people in the Land of Socialism. In this work Weinberg has revealed outstanding skill and richness of imagination.

1884:

His interest in new musical developments continued and he sought out personal acquaintance with some of the composers of the Soviet and Polish avant-garde, including

2374:

Little is known about the influences and musical activities Weinberg experienced as a composer in Poland. While resident in Minsk, Weinberg first heard the music of

2320:. His final works, according to the British musicologist, "marked him out as something of a survivor, in terms of his main influences and his own musical language". 1850: 2056:. His last words were a request for "some water", after which he sipped, then died. After a small funeral service presided by Alexander Medvedev, the librettist of 718:, in which he made a brief appearance as a pianist. The film also included songs by his father, who may have conducted the ensemble used for the film's soundtrack. 695: 445:

in 1980, shifts in musical tastes and chronic health problems led to the neglect of Weinberg's music. He continued to compose prolifically through the 1980s, but

2176: 1548:. Some of Weinberg's notable concert works of the period include his Piano Sonata No. 4, Partita, and Violin Sonata No. 5, the latter dedicated to Shostakovich. 1149:

Weinberg's professional reputation continued to increase in the immediate postwar period. He was in demand as both composer and performer. He was also chosen by

2344:, while taking the Holocaust as its main subject, depicts prisoners from a wide range of nationalities and makes little specific mention of Jewish suffering. 1717:

had remained the same. Of its restored prewar buildings, Weinberg likened them to empty shells bereft of souls. "His great disappointment", said the composer

2631: 2276:. Some of the most notable works Weinberg composed in this period include his Piano Quintet, Piano Trio, Symphony No. 2, and his String Quartets Nos. 3 – 6. 2065: 1986: 1643:

Success and intense productivity marked Weinberg's life in the 1960s. He received renewed support from the RSFSR Union of Composers, through the auspices of

1108: 1103: 88: 6640: 2021:

In late November 1995, Weinberg discussed with his wife his interest in converting to Orthodox Christianity. His decision had been influenced from reading

1307: 1243: 6525: 2518: 2089: 1593: 1492: 1058:, which they shared with Mikhoels and his wife. Weinberg's marriage into the family of Mikhoels, who was then at the peak of his career as leader of the 632: 610: 536: 6095:

Weinberg, Mieczysław (1976). "Величие музыки Дмитрия Шостаковича" [The Greatness of Dmitri Shostakovich's Music]. In Schneerson, Grigory (ed.).

1666:, near Moscow. During visits there between 1953 and 1983, Weinberg composed four symphonies, three string quartets, six instrumental sonatas, the opera 562: 205: 1467: 1398:

over the Weinbergs' affairs and the responsibility of raising their daughter in the event that Natalya was also arrested. Matters changed course after

1284: 892: 6690: 2262: 1927: 1893: 1784: 1456: 557: 423: 200: 6150: 2404:

Fanning and Elphick wrote that Shostakovich, in turn, was also influenced by Weinberg, particularly in his early string quartets. When the composer

1908: 1775:

From the vantage point of an interview in 1994, Weinberg looked back on the 1960s with fondness. He referred to the decade as his "stellar years".

903: 881: 6352: 1592:, became Weinberg's major work of the era. The work had originated from music Weinberg had composed for a "vaudeville for children" by the writer 1102:

According to Weinberg's later reminiscences, he first met Shostakovich in person in October. He was received at the latter's apartment located on

6685: 1693: 914: 6489: 6109: 2044:

profoundly devout, Orthodox man", according to Fedoseyev. "Nobody forced him to do anything, he did everything with conviction and knowingly".

1503: 493:). The name was the result of legal expediency and his personal indifference when he sought to cross the border into the Soviet Union in 1939: 6595: 1575: 980:. Most of the State Symphony Orchestra of the Byelorussian SSR musicians who had not been able to leave Minsk were killed in the subsequent 876:'s composition students. Weinberg also studied counterpoint, music history, harmony, orchestration, and conducting. His classmates included 2304:—incorporated his music into their repertoire. The "Allegretto" from Weinberg's String Quartet No. 7 became a favorite encore piece of the 458:. After consultations with his wife in late 1995, he converted to Orthodox Christianity a few weeks before his death on February 26, 1996. 260:(December 8, 1919 – February 26, 1996) was a Polish, Soviet, and Russian composer and pianist. Born in Warsaw to parents who worked in the 6272:(Petersburg Opera: "The Idiot" at the Mariinsky Theatre). Музыкальная академия. 2016, No. 4. С. 20–23. (in Russian, registration required) 5894: 6610: 6370: 2317: 2196: 1280: 365: 123: 6635: 6530: 1691:

Weinberg's music was occasionally heard and his career reported on in his native Poland. A 1964 issue of the bi-monthly music magazine

1042:

On August 4, 1941, while work proceeded on the opera, Weinberg attended a party hosted by Flora Syrkina, the second wife of the artist

6605: 2480:, ultimately won the first class prize in the chamber music category with his Piano Trio. In 1952, Shostakovich nominated Weinberg's 478:; a typical convention of the time for Polish musicians who aspired to produce recordings for export. Weinberg adopted the given name 6540: 6520: 1644: 1294:; both were killed in what was officially ruled a traffic accident. Mikhoels' body was returned to Moscow and given a state funeral. 662:

At the age of 12, Weinberg began formal music lessons at a school in Warsaw. His teacher noted his precocity and enrolled him at the

2912: 6575: 6555: 1399: 827:

On October 3, Weinberg arrived at the border. He recalled the gratitude that he and other refugees felt and that they "blessed the

6585: 1772:

as being so simple that they could have been created by a child; another held them up as a "salient example of early Soviet rap".

1555:

in 1954. Weinberg first played it with the composer in an arrangement for piano four-hands for selected staff and students at the

1039:"). The opera, whose plot combined Uzbek national myths that were modified to support the Soviet war effort, has since been lost. 341:

Changes in Soviet cultural policy in the postwar led to increased repression against minority groups, including Jews. This led to

5861: 4196: 2010: 960:. All men were ordered to report to local military offices for duty. Weinberg was again exempted from military service, with his 952:

trembled: "What are you doing, what are you doing?" And he uttered a famous phrase to me: "That is how we do things around here".

268:. During this period, he began to compose. At the age of 12, he started formal music lessons and soon thereafter enrolled at the 6009: 1099:. On October 3, the couple's only child, Viktoria, was born; her name was symbolic of their hope for Soviet victory in the war. 470:. Throughout his adult life, he signed his letters in Polish using the Polish spelling of his surname. During his career in the 6063: 4227: 1551:

As a pianist, Weinberg was involved as one of the principal figures in the dissemination and early reception of Shostakovich's

233: 6700: 6600: 6252: 6226: 6207: 6188: 5998: 5945: 5806: 5761: 5720: 5666: 1564: 1842:; the latter became a close friend and was entrusted with a series of premieres in the last decades of the composer's life. 792:, where he worked as a pianist. As he ate the meal that his mother had prepared for him, he heard a radio announcement from 6705: 6695: 6590: 6570: 1663: 1634: 1161:, among others, to perform in premieres of their new works. As a composer he was supported by Shostakovich and Myaskovsky. 1055: 314:

Weinberg took refuge in the Soviet Union, where he officially adopted a Russified version of his name. He settled first in

6345: 712: 609:. One of the composer's cousins, Isay Abramovich Mishne, was the secretary of the Military Revolutionary Committee of the 6710: 6630: 6615: 6565: 6550: 6535: 1802:

occupied too much of his time. Olga described Weinberg as thinking nothing else but of musical work during these years:

6650: 6625: 6620: 6038: 4544: 2514: 1513:. The harps (!) began to strum, the basses entered, and a piano solo rattled the nerves at the heights of its passages. 1166: 940: 725:, who held the post of honorary professor at the conservatory and who was then touring Poland. Weinberg played for him 335: 227: 5817: 4191:[What are the stories behind the soundtracks for the animated series "Hey, Hold Up!" and "Winnie-the-Pooh"?]. 6675: 6560: 5956: 5750: 5092: 4983: 1302:

Meanwhile, the ongoing anti-formalist campaign in music necessitated a convocation of the Union of Soviet Composers.

913:, Weinberg was considered the best student. He settled into a room at the conservatory's dormitory. His roommate was 6725: 5688: 981: 2643: 2408:

pointed out this mutual influence to Weinberg, the latter dismissed it. "What are you, crazy?", Weinberg replied.

1675:

The decade augured a streak of symphonic triumphs that began with the premiere of the Symphony No. 3 conducted by

985: 482:

professionally at the beginning of his musical career because he believed it sounded more Polish and prestigious.

6580: 2501:; all of whom were considered to be politically suspect by authorities. After its premiere on November 12, 1963, 2052:

Weinberg died on February 26, 1996, in Moscow. Minutes before his death, Weinberg asked Olga to read to him from

1982: 1869: 637: 541: 455: 442: 245: 6338: 6715: 6545: 1552: 1125: 1537:, became so popular in the Soviet Union that there was great demand for arrangements of it in various styles. 587:, in the course of which Weinberg's grandparents and great-grandparents were killed. Weinberg's mother, Sara ( 6720: 6312: 2570:

Weinberg's music within Russia has increased in the 21st century, but not to the same degree as in the West.

2379: 1913: 1713: 1059: 2757: 2132:"He was quite strict as a professional", Fedoseyev recalled, but warm and humble to friends and colleagues: 1783:

In the mid-1960s, Weinberg began an extramarital affair with Olga Rakhalskaya, daughter of the psychiatrist

422:

In the mid-1960s, Weinberg began an extramarital affair with Olga Rakhalskaya, daughter of the psychiatrist

6680: 5704: 5010: 2214:

vocation. While resident in Minsk, Weinberg composed several works. These included his Piano Sonata No. 2;

1957: 1731: 1579: 1213:

In spite of this suggestion, Weinberg showed little interest in exploring folk music idioms. Excepting his

757:

in 1939; Weinberg referred to this as having marked the end of "the best and happiest period" of his life.

502:

In the 1980s, he successfully petitioned to have his legal first name changed back to Mieczysław (Russian:

450: 6275:Мечислав Вайнберг (1919—1996). Страницы биографии. Письма (Материалы международного форума). Москва, 2017. 338:

to come to Moscow. Upon arriving in the capital, Weinberg successfully established himself as a composer.

6665: 6393: 6012:[Olga Rakhalskaya's Reply and Rebuttal to Viktoria Weinberg's Interview with Elizaveta Blumina]. 2234:. It was premiered on June 21, 1941 by the State Symphony Orchestra of the Byelorussian SSR conducted by 1846: 1753: 1744: 1738: 1588: 807: 415: 308: 1382:. After the concert, Weinberg went back to his home for a late night meal accompanied by Nikolai Peiko, 1226: 6670: 6470: 6317: 5822: 5658: 4975: 2607: 2281: 1036: 1826:

restaurant. Despite the enthusiastic approval of the board of the RSFSR Union of Composers, including

1095:, where his father-in-law Mikhoels had lived prior to the war, before they moved into another home on 672: 277: 6660: 6401: 6302: 5961: 3934: 2639: 2352: 1978: 1942: 1811:

Much of Weinberg's time during these years was spent in his unsuccessful attempts to stage his opera

1402:, an event which Weinberg did not learn of until weeks later. He was released from jail on April 25. 1088: 1019:, Weinberg was engaged to work jointly with Klumov and four other Uzbek composers on the creation of 969: 746: 361: 285: 6278:Мечислав Вайнберг (1919—1996). Возвращение. Международный форум. Москва, Большой театр России, 2017. 6200:"Juden, die ins Lied sich retten" - der Komponist Mieczyslaw Weinberg (1919-1996) in der Sowjetunion 6125: 1892:, and Penderecki; he developed a cordial rapport with the latter two. In a 1988 interview, he named 700: 6730: 2893: 2606:

Weinberg stated that his mother's maiden surname was Kotlicka. However, documents preserved at the

2439: 1668: 1265: 5937: 5897:[Almost Every Living Moment... Work: Pages from the Biography and Works of M. Weinberg]. 2435: 1795: 1032: 964:

cited as the reason. On July 23, he received his diploma from the conservatory; it was signed by

932: 1768:

contributed the most to the preservation of his legacy. One commentator described the cartoon's

1435:

Instead, he concentrated on composing music for films and cartoons. His score for the 1954 film

326:. It was in that city that Weinberg met and married Natalya Mikhoels, the daughter of the actor 6409: 5910: 4219: 2397: 2235: 1991: 1137: 1071: 576: 568: 265: 61: 2160: 6385: 5742: 5730: 4967: 2610:, as well as notations in surviving family photographs record her name as Sura Dwojra Sztern. 2301: 1813: 1685: 1523: 1416: 726: 668: 454:

through the advocacy of Tommy Persson, a Swedish judge. In 1994, Poland awarded Weinberg the

406: 273: 2920: 683: 6645: 6515: 6510: 6425: 5005: 2257:

Many of them were quickly premiered after their completion. They were performed by Gilels,

2094: 1726: 1252: 957: 5927: 1567:

in an arrangement for four-hands, but recording nor arrangement are both considered lost.

593:

Sura Dwojra Sztern or Sara Deborah Stern), was Szmuel's second wife. She had been born in

8: 6307: 2921: 2531: 2431: 2375: 2357: 2293: 2289: 1556: 1367:, was arrested in late January 1953 and accused of being one of the conspirators in the " 1016: 997: 897: 663: 656: 598: 394: 390: 331: 269: 5895:"Почти любой миг жизни — работа...: Страницы биографии и творчества Мечислава Вайнберга" 4535:

Digonskaja, Olga (2010). "Notes on Shostakovich's diary". In Fairclough, Pauline (ed.).

1997: 1722: 1541: 1279:

on the orders of Stalin. The actor had been lured to his death by the critic and covert

532: 6452: 6046: 5676: 2506: 2461: 2061: 1962: 1952:

in the late 1980s, Weinberg's health sharply deteriorated. In 1990, he was awarded the

1949: 1923: 1839: 1835: 1442: 1182: 1096: 1092: 965: 944: 869: 844: 754: 687: 651: 621: 446: 438: 434: 293: 6010:"Отзыв-опровержение Ольги Рахальской на интервью Виктории Вайнберг Елизавете Блюминой" 5877: 4188: 1449:

exceeding it in popularity. Another successful film score was the one he composed for

6433: 6292: 6248: 6222: 6203: 6184: 5994: 5966: 5941: 5802: 5746: 5716: 5662: 4979: 4540: 2547: 2502: 2464:, wrote about Weinberg's music more favorably. His Piano Quintet was nominated for a 2427: 2297: 2273: 1938: 1885: 1560: 1528: 1518: 1424: 1395: 1383: 1303: 1206: 1186: 1114: 1043: 1024: 961: 793: 402: 377: 357: 6079: 2513:. The details of his criticism were relayed to Weinberg. Later, at a meeting of the 2468:

in 1945. The work was denied a prize because one of the jury members, the architect

1607:. The ballet was described by the musicologist Nataliya Gounko as a "grandchild" of 1410: 1260:. For reasons that are unknown, the opera outraged Stalin, who immediately directed 2543: 2510: 2469: 2465: 2415: 2411: 1953: 1889: 1827: 1698: 1517:

His most notable feature film music success was his score to the 1957 war drama by

1368: 1295: 1118: 1047: 925: 873: 731: 679: 356:

in 1948. Although Weinberg's music was praised by critics and colleagues—including

327: 319: 239: 5777: 1194: 5982: 5580: 5561: 4599: 4580: 2498: 2477: 2305: 2026: 1718: 1705: 1608: 1533: 1437: 1387: 1360: 1247: 1231: 1054:. Weinberg married Natalya in 1942. They moved into a dormitory on the campus of 1011: 691: 584: 471: 386: 369: 261: 515:). Among friends in Russia, he would also go by his Polish diminutive "Mietek". 5712: 2551: 2419: 2285: 2258: 2022: 1919: 1760: 1676: 1478: 1391: 1379: 1349: 1261: 1178: 1170: 1028: 936: 857: 765: 736: 410: 382: 373: 292:. Weinberg declined, because he preferred to focus on composition instead; the 6243:

Gwizdalanka, Danuta; (Poznań)., Teatr Wielki im. Stanisława Moniuszki (2013).

5764:[Portraits: "Everything Will be Fine" (On the Works of M. Weinberg)]. 1177:

in the fields of literature and film in 1946; this resulted in the censure of

721:

In May 1938, Weinberg was introduced by Turczyński to his friend, the pianist

6504: 6417: 5584: 4603: 2494: 2423: 1904: 1818: 1709: 1583: 1451: 1257: 1239: 1174: 1158: 1154: 1128:

in 1945, Weinberg's career appeared to be headed in an auspicious direction.

1113:. Waiting with Shostakovich was his friend, the musicologist and arts critic 1006: 802:

had broken through Polish defenses and urged all able-bodied men to join the

722: 281: 32: 789: 770: 6656:

Prisoners and detainees of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic

5852: 5827: 5683:[Vladimir Fedoseyev: "There are occasional intermissions in art"]. 2405: 2309: 2250: 2223: 1659: 1353: 1150: 1076: 1063: 1027:

opera with Uzbek folk music themes. They counted among their collaborators

750: 398: 334:

through an intermediary, which resulted in an official invitation from the

297: 289: 6145:["I never talked about it, but now, I think, the time has come"]. 2206:

Weinberg's work catalog consists of over 150 compositions designated with

1845:

Concurrently, Weinberg received in 1971 the first of his official honors,

606: 4189:"Какова история саундтреков к мультсериалам "Ну, погоди!" и "Винни-Пух"?" 3938: 2562: 2490: 2242: 2207: 1769: 1364: 1190: 877: 803: 605:), and was an actress in several Yiddish theater companies in Warsaw and 589: 583:), which he left shortly before its Jewish community was attacked in the 5680: 6288: 5558:

M. Vainberg (1919–1996): Volume 9—Yosif Feigelson Plays Works for Cello

4577:

M. Vainberg (1919–1996): Volume 9—Yosif Feigelson Plays Works for Cello

2386:, Weinberg, who was the staff pianist, played both parts on the piano: 2219: 1540:

Weinberg also composed incidental music for a theatrical production of

839: 6330: 5928:"Weinberg [Vaynberg], Moisey [Mieczysław] Samuilovich" 1629: 5738: 5655:

Music Behind the Iron Curtain: Weinberg and his Polish Contemporaries

2473: 2337: 2318:

the unraveling of Soviet society that occurred in the 1980s and 1990s

1822: 1613: 1477:; the music secured the film its enduring fame in Russia. The writer 977: 798: 474:

of interwar Warsaw, he was known by the German spelling of his name,

302: 5577:

Weinberg: Complete Music for Solo Cello, 1—24 Preludes, Sonata No. 1

4970:(2006). "The Final Years of Stalinism". In Wilson, Elizabeth (ed.). 4596:

Weinberg: Complete Music for Solo Cello, 1—24 Preludes, Sonata No. 1

4222:[Musical Winnie-the-Pooh: On Weinberg's 100th Anniversary]. 671:, who considered Weinberg to be one of his best students along with 2556: 2120:

Fedoseyev remembered Weinberg's "remarkable kindness" as a friend.

1681: 1414:

This 2003 Russian commemorative envelope and stamp depict the film

1046:. It was there that Weinberg met Natalya Mikhoels, the daughter of 973: 865: 828: 572: 364:—and continued to be played, he was surveilled and harassed by the 323: 5681:"Владимир Федосеев: "В искусстве периодически наступают антракты"" 4558: 4556: 1087:

Weinberg's Symphony No. 1 was performed in September 1943 for the

655:

Weinberg's birth certificate with enrollment application into the

6297: 6143:"'Я никогда не говорила об этом, но сейчас, думаю, пришло время'" 3571: 2749: 2383: 2329: 1655: 741: 602: 580: 5000: 4857: 4700: 4463: 4451: 4400: 2750:"What is in a name?: Per Skans on Mieczysław Weinberg's surname" 1481:, who saw the film in his childhood, recalled it and its music: 5433: 4890: 4888: 4886: 4884: 4724: 4621: 4619: 4617: 4615: 4613: 4553: 2053: 1323: 745:. Impressed, Hofmann invited Weinberg to study with him at the 594: 368:. On February 6, 1953, Weinberg was arrested; he was jailed at 353: 5630: 5539: 5537: 5500: 5498: 5496: 5469: 5457: 5445: 5003:[Genius: Mieczysław Weinberg was Born 100 Years Ago]. 4824: 4822: 4820: 4690: 4688: 4506: 4504: 4502: 4417: 4415: 4259: 4257: 4078: 4076: 4074: 4001: 3999: 5421: 3986: 3984: 2714: 2414:

was another important influence on Weinberg's music, as were

1075:

Weinberg's scores. Another member of the conservatory staff,

1051: 861: 853: 567:, was a well-known conductor, composer, and violinist at the 556:

Weinberg was born in Warsaw on December 8, 1919. His father,

315: 6247:(in Polish). Poznań: Teatr Wielki im. Stanisława Moniuszki. 6141:

Weinberg, Viktoria; Blumina, Elizaveta (February 26, 2016).

4881: 4610: 4047: 3898: 3862: 3840: 3838: 3798: 3796: 3794: 3692: 3690: 3688: 3651: 3649: 3600: 3598: 3498: 3496: 3483: 3481: 3479: 3437: 3427: 3425: 3361: 3359: 3357: 3320: 3318: 3316: 3279: 3277: 3275: 3250: 3248: 3197: 3173: 3161: 3127: 3125: 3095: 3093: 3065: 3063: 2937: 2876: 2874: 2805: 1268:. A few days later, on January 12, Weinberg's father-in-law 330:. From there, Weinberg sent a copy of his Symphony No. 1 to 5985:; Weinberg, Mieczysław (2023). Belonenko, Alexander (ed.). 5534: 5510: 5493: 5214: 5190: 4948: 4936: 4817: 4805: 4793: 4712: 4685: 4643: 4631: 4499: 4487: 4475: 4427: 4412: 4388: 4376: 4306: 4284: 4282: 4280: 4278: 4276: 4274: 4272: 4254: 4168: 4156: 4071: 4059: 3996: 2663: 2661: 2253:; they were the first of his compositions to be published. 2172: 628: 466:

Weinberg's name was registered on his birth certificate as

6323:

Dissertation in Russian by Yevgenia Khazdan on Weinberg's

5762:"Портреты: "Все будет хорошо" (О творчестве М. Вайнберга)" 5596: 5594: 5397: 5142: 4924: 4912: 4847: 4845: 4843: 4841: 4839: 4837: 4783: 4781: 4779: 4777: 4775: 4762: 4760: 4758: 4745: 4743: 4741: 4739: 4675: 4673: 4660: 4658: 4366: 4364: 4362: 4360: 4323: 4321: 4122: 4120: 4095: 4093: 4091: 4035: 3981: 3969: 2849: 2847: 1970:

Olga quit her job in order to devote herself to his care.

1502:

The bass, a soloist with the Kiev Philharmonic Orchestra,

1348:, which set texts that glorified Stalin, was conducted by 300:

in 1939 also made it impossible for him to accept. As the

280:

as one of his best students. In 1938, Weinberg played for

5991:

Mieczysław Weinberg and Georgy Sviridov: Interwoven Fates

5409: 5325: 5279: 5277: 3945: 3850: 3835: 3791: 3767: 3755: 3745: 3743: 3741: 3726: 3702: 3685: 3661: 3646: 3610: 3595: 3493: 3476: 3422: 3354: 3313: 3272: 3245: 3221: 3185: 3137: 3122: 3090: 3060: 3036: 3012: 2966: 2871: 2832: 2822: 2820: 2009:

On March 8, 1995, Vadim Altskan, a representative of the

5987:Мечислав Вайнберг и Георгий Свиридов: переплетение судеб 5132: 5130: 5128: 5126: 4269: 3886: 3825: 3823: 3583: 3559: 3535: 3513: 3511: 3454: 3452: 3388: 3386: 3342: 3112: 3110: 3108: 3080: 3078: 3002: 3000: 2956: 2954: 2952: 2673: 2658: 1015:. Later, through his friendship with the Uzbek composer 6108:

Weinberg, Mieczysław; Zhmodyak, Inna (September 1988).

5864:[At the Composer's Concert of... M. Weinberg]. 5618: 5606: 5591: 5522: 5385: 5373: 5361: 5238: 5226: 5202: 5111: 4900: 4869: 4834: 4772: 4755: 4736: 4670: 4655: 4516: 4439: 4357: 4345: 4333: 4318: 4294: 4242: 4144: 4132: 4117: 4105: 4088: 4023: 4011: 2987: 2985: 2983: 2981: 2844: 2783: 2781: 2779: 2692: 2690: 2688: 1124:

By the time the Soviet Union emerged victorious in the

461: 5349: 5337: 5313: 5301: 5289: 5274: 5262: 5178: 5166: 5154: 5041: 5029: 3957: 3910: 3874: 3738: 3714: 3634: 3410: 3209: 2817: 2731: 2729: 1374:

On February 6, Weinberg attended a performance of his

5481: 5250: 5123: 5099: 4539:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 47. 3820: 3808: 3779: 3673: 3622: 3547: 3523: 3508: 3464: 3449: 3398: 3383: 3371: 3330: 3301: 3289: 3260: 3233: 3149: 3105: 3075: 3048: 3024: 2997: 2949: 2859: 2793: 2702: 2356:

Weinberg described his first hearing of the music of

1378:

in an arrangement for violin and orchestra played by

510: 6242: 2978: 2776: 2685: 2632:"Unknown Facts From Mieczysław Wajnberg's Biography" 1778: 1764:

said that off all his music for films and cartoons,

1430:. Weinberg's score for the film was a great success. 6313:

Biographical entry on the OREL Foundation's website

6112:[Integrity, Truthfulness, Total Devotion]. 5993:] (in Russian). Saint Petersburg: Композитор . 5801:] (in Russian). Saint Petersburg: Композитор . 2726: 6103:] (in Russian). Moscow: Советский композитор . 1975:Music and Musical Life in Soviet Russia: 1917–1970 935:and, through him, inherited the traditions of the 5799:Mieczysław Weinberg: A Composer From Three Worlds 5735:Stalin's Music Prize: Soviet Culture and Politics 2454: 1264:to organize a wider and renewed campaign against 6502: 6270:Петербургская опера: «Идиот» в Мариинском театре 6107: 5981: 5636: 5439: 5001:"Гений: 100 лет назад родился Мечислав Вайнберг" 4863: 4730: 4706: 4469: 4457: 4406: 620:, and was executed in 1918 along with the other 485:In the Soviet Union, he was officially known as 372:. Intercession on his behalf by Shostakovich to 6298:Mieczyslaw Weinberg: The Composer and His Music 6183:(in German). Berlin: BWV, Berliner Wiss.-Verl. 6140: 5675: 4894: 4625: 5729: 5475: 5463: 5451: 5427: 4220:"Музыкальный Винни-Пух: к 100-летию Вайнберга" 3577: 1312:Resolution on the Opera 'The Great Friendship' 834: 627:The Weinberg's family home was located in the 6346: 6303:The International Mieczysław Weinberg Society 2370:as being like "the discovery of a continent". 2226:; and his Symphonic Poem. Weinberg said that 2144: 2016: 4966: 3941:. Olympia Compact Discs. p. 3. OCD 473. 2505:confided his intense dislike of the work to 2039:decision when faced with his imminent death. 2025:'s poem "Nunc Dimittis", whose depiction of 1624: 6641:Communist Party of the Soviet Union members 6216: 6007: 5954: 5820:[Weinberg Mieczysław Samuilovich]. 5792: 5543: 5504: 5196: 5148: 5064:[The World of Mieczysław Weinberg] 5059: 4954: 4942: 4930: 4918: 4828: 4694: 4649: 4637: 4562: 4510: 4493: 4481: 4433: 4421: 4382: 4288: 4263: 4174: 4082: 4065: 4005: 3990: 3975: 3951: 3904: 3868: 3856: 3844: 3802: 3773: 3761: 3732: 3708: 3696: 3667: 3655: 3616: 3604: 3502: 3487: 3443: 3431: 3365: 3324: 3283: 3254: 3227: 3203: 3191: 3179: 3167: 3143: 3131: 3099: 3069: 3042: 3018: 2972: 2943: 2880: 2853: 2838: 2811: 2720: 2679: 2667: 2629: 2197:List of compositions by Mieczyslaw Weinberg 1807:landmarks in his life are what he composed. 1662:. However, his favorite was in the town of 968:, the chairman of the Moscow branch of the 124:List of compositions by Mieczyslaw Weinberg 6526:Converts to Eastern Orthodoxy from Judaism 6353: 6339: 6318:Discography of Mieczysław Weinberg's music 6036: 4534: 3931:Vainberg: Ballet: 'The Golden Key', Op. 55 2826: 2382:. Because the orchestra lacked a harp and 2284:, a new generation of musicians—including 1603:; its success led to the commissioning of 956:On June 22, 1941, the Germans began their 31: 5893:Nikitina, Lyudmila (Autumn–Winter 1994). 5709:Mieczysław Weinberg: In Search of Freedom 5574: 4593: 2910: 2630:Gwizdalanka, Danuta (February 12, 2015). 2064:, Weinberg was buried on 1 March 1996 at 1221: 931:Zolotarev had been taught composition by 37:Pencil portrait of Weinberg, January 1949 6691:Soviet people of Moldovan-Jewish descent 6202:(in German). Münster New York: Waxmann. 6094: 6061: 6041:[Moisei (Mieczysław) Weinberg]. 5925: 5892: 5859: 5842: 5815: 5516: 5403: 5379: 5367: 5355: 5136: 4248: 4041: 4017: 3916: 3416: 3215: 2991: 2708: 2351: 1945:as his favorite young Soviet composers. 1737: 1684:that was characteristic of the emerging 1628: 1409: 1225: 1193:took the stage to admonish Weinberg and 1007:Uzbek SSR State Opera and Ballet Theatre 838: 764: 650: 531: 6360: 6110:"Честность, правдивость, полная отдача" 6101:D. Shostakovich: Articles and Materials 5955:Ovchinnikov, Ilya (February 26, 2003). 5926:Nikitina, Lyudmila (January 20, 2001). 5795:Мечислав Вайнберг—композитор трех миров 5703: 5652: 5624: 5612: 5600: 5528: 5487: 5415: 5391: 5343: 5331: 5319: 5307: 5295: 5283: 5268: 5256: 5244: 5232: 5220: 5208: 5184: 5172: 5160: 5117: 5105: 5047: 5035: 4998: 4906: 4875: 4851: 4811: 4799: 4787: 4766: 4749: 4718: 4679: 4664: 4522: 4445: 4394: 4370: 4351: 4339: 4327: 4312: 4300: 4162: 4150: 4138: 4126: 4111: 4099: 4053: 4029: 3963: 3892: 3880: 3829: 3814: 3785: 3749: 3720: 3679: 3640: 3628: 3589: 3565: 3553: 3541: 3529: 3517: 3470: 3458: 3404: 3392: 3377: 3348: 3336: 3307: 3295: 3266: 3239: 3155: 3116: 3084: 3054: 3030: 3006: 2960: 2865: 2799: 2787: 2735: 2696: 2249:for voice and piano, based on texts by 2011:United States Holocaust Memorial Museum 1817:, based on the 1962 eponymous novel by 1394:. Shostakovich also arranged to assume 783:, where Weinberg worked before the war. 571:in Warsaw. He had originally come from 6686:Soviet people of Polish-Jewish descent 6503: 6221:(in German). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. 6217:Gwizdalanka, Danuta (April 14, 2020). 6178: 6149:(in Russian). Colta.ru. Archived from 6066:[At the Cusp of a New World]. 5759: 5564:. Olympia Records. p. 5. OCD 594. 4583:. Olympia Records. p. 5. OCD 594. 3928: 343:the murder of Weinberg's father-in-law 16:Polish and Soviet composer (1919–1996) 6334: 6062:Weinberg, Mieczysław (October 1960). 6024:from the original on January 10, 2024 5862:"На автором концерте... М. Вайнберга" 5691:from the original on January 10, 2024 5555: 4574: 4230:from the original on January 25, 2024 4218:Bysko, Maxim V. (November 28, 2019). 4217: 4199:from the original on January 25, 2024 4186: 2592: 2590: 2588: 2078: 1136:The announcement that proclaimed the 996:Circumstances in Tashkent during the 760: 6596:Polish emigrants to the Soviet Union 6197: 6037:Tsodikova, Ada (February 6, 2009a). 6008:Rakhalskaya, Olga (March 26, 2016). 5013:from the original on August 26, 2024 2911:Tsodikova, Ada (February 20, 2009). 2760:from the original on January 5, 2023 2166: 1633:Weinberg composed numerous works in 1056:Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR 462:Spelling and transliteration of name 318:, where he studied composition with 5860:Nikitina, Lyudmila (October 1980). 4999:Zamshev, Maxim (December 4, 2019). 4187:Kuriy, Sergei (December 22, 2018). 2334:Having Crossed the Threshold of War 1742:1988 Soviet commemorative stamp of 234:People's Artist of the Russian SFSR 13: 6611:Recipients of the USSR State Prize 6198:Mogl, Verena (November 26, 2019). 6167: 2600: 2585: 1868:In 1980, Weinberg was awarded the 1405: 1167:Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union 1082: 284:, who offered to teach him at the 228:Honored Artist of the Russian SFSR 14: 6742: 6636:Russian male film score composers 6531:Chopin University of Music alumni 6308:Daniel Elphick's blog on Weinberg 6282: 6097:Д. Шостакович: статьи и материалы 2747: 1779:Transitions, setbacks, and honors 1336:created a brilliant work full of 6541:Polish male film score composers 6521:20th-century classical composers 6485: 6484: 5568: 5549: 5053: 4992: 4960: 4587: 4568: 4528: 4211: 4180: 2472:, objected to the work's use of 2083: 154: 6576:Soviet male classical composers 6556:Polish male classical composers 5070:Театр. Живопись. Кино. Музыка. 4972:Shostakovich: A Life Remembered 3922: 2904: 2886: 1983:Meritorious Activist of Culture 1250:for a performance of the opera 831:which could save from death". 456:Meritorious Activist of Culture 246:Meritorious Activist of Culture 174: 150: 5818:"Вайнберг Мечислав Самуилович" 5679:; Yusova, Olga (May 5, 2016). 2894:"Иллюстрации к "Дерево Жизни"" 2741: 2623: 2455:In the Soviet Union and Russia 1863: 1270:Mikhoels was murdered in Minsk 675:. Weinberg graduated in 1939. 409:, among others. His score for 1: 6606:People's Artists of the RSFSR 6262: 5959:[Weinberg's Return]. 5849:The Symphonies of M. Weinberg 5760:Genina, Liana (August 1962). 2573: 2554:that had occurred because of 2362: 2347: 2171:Weinberg was a member of the 2123: 1714:Moscow Philharmonic Orchestra 1582:that was itself adapted from 1060:Jewish Anti-Fascist Committee 856:, he first journeyed through 775: 547: 6701:Russian male opera composers 6601:Honored Artists of the RSFSR 6236: 6172: 6045:(in Russian). Archived from 6039:"Моисей (Мечислав) Вайнберг" 5965:(in Russian). Archived from 5851:] (in Russian). Moscow: 5826:(in Russian). Archived from 5816:Medvedev, Alexander (2004). 5793:Gwizdalanka, Danuta (2022). 5637:Sviridov & Weinberg 2023 5440:Sviridov & Weinberg 2023 4864:Sviridov & Weinberg 2023 4731:Weinberg & Zhmodyak 1988 4707:Sviridov & Weinberg 2023 4470:Sviridov & Weinberg 2023 4458:Sviridov & Weinberg 2023 4407:Sviridov & Weinberg 2023 2919:(in Russian). Archived from 2617: 2482:Rhapsody on Moldavian Themes 2449: 1958:collapse of the Soviet Union 1870:People's Artist of the RSFSR 1725:'s String Quartet No. 7 and 1447:Rhapsody on Moldavian Themes 1376:Rhapsody on Moldavian Themes 1205:Shaporin, Shostakovich, and 1169:were pressured to withdraw. 1050:, the actor and director of 1031:, who in 1947 composed the " 958:invasion of the Soviet Union 522: 451:collapse of the Soviet Union 443:People's Artist of the RSFSR 441:. Despite being awarded the 7: 6706:Polish male opera composers 6696:Soviet male opera composers 6591:20th-century male musicians 6586:People with Crohn's disease 6571:Soviet film score composers 6394:The Madonna and the Soldier 5843:Nikitina, Lyudmila (1972). 4895:Weinberg & Blumina 2016 4626:Fedoseyev & Yusova 2016 2201: 1948:After being diagnosed with 1847:Honored Artist of the RSFSR 1559:. They later played it for 1230:Weinberg was jailed at the 1175:campaigns against formalism 991: 924:, a pianist and alumnus of 835:Refugee in the Soviet Union 808:Trawniki concentration camp 511: 487:Moisei Samuilovich Vainberg 360:, general secretary of the 309:Trawniki concentration camp 213:Sura Dwojra Sztern (mother) 10: 6747: 6711:Polish emigrants to Russia 6631:Russian classical pianists 6616:Yiddish theatre performers 6566:Soviet classical composers 6551:Polish classical composers 6536:Jewish classical composers 5823:Great Russian Encyclopedia 5659:Cambridge University Press 5645: 5060:Rakhalskaya, Olga (2023). 4976:Princeton University Press 2608:Chopin University of Music 2340:in particular. His opera, 2194: 2145:Identification with Poland 2017:Conversion to Christianity 1638:(Partisan Square pictured) 1131: 1037:State Anthem of Uzbekistan 491:Моисей Самуилович Вайнберг 6651:20th-century Russian Jews 6626:Soviet classical pianists 6621:Polish classical pianists 6480: 6463: 6444: 6377: 6368: 5575:Feigelson, Josef (2010). 5062:"Мир Мечислава Вайнберга" 4594:Feigelson, Josef (2010). 3935:Bolshoi Theatre Orchestra 3929:Gounko, Nataliya (1994). 2640:Adam Mickiewicz Institute 2323: 1576:eponymous children's tale 1546:Les Ressources de Quinola 1400:Stalin's death on March 5 1256:by the Georgian composer 1089:Union of Soviet Composers 1035:" (later adapted as the " 970:Union of Soviet Composers 747:Curtis Institute of Music 708:Fredek uszczęśliwia świat 503: 490: 362:Union of Soviet Composers 286:Curtis Institute of Music 276:, who considered him and 220: 193: 185: 129: 117: 109: 101: 84: 68: 42: 30: 23: 6676:String quartet composers 6561:20th-century Polish Jews 6179:Sapper, Manfred (2010). 5653:Elphick, Daniel (2020). 2578: 2440:Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky 2190: 2047: 1979:Polish Embassy in Russia 1197:at one of the meetings: 527: 272:. He studied piano with 6726:Musicians from Tashkent 5957:"Возвращение Вайнберга" 5938:Oxford University Press 2436:Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov 1796:Moscow State University 1033:Anthem of the Uzbek SSR 1021:The Sword of Uzbekistan 933:Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov 113:Polish, Soviet, Russian 6581:Soviet opera composers 6402:The Love of d'Artagnan 6064:"На пороге нового мир" 5731:Frolova-Walker, Marina 5587:. p. 2. 8.572280. 4968:Rostropovich, Mstislav 4606:. p. 2. 8.572280. 4537:Shostakovich Studies 2 2398:Three Fantastic Dances 2393: 2371: 2156: 2139: 2118: 2041: 2007: 1981:, who awarded him the 1878: 1809: 1748: 1640: 1565:24 Preludes and Fugues 1515: 1455:, a drama directed by 1431: 1342: 1235: 1222:Persecution and arrest 1203: 1147: 1072:Leningrad Conservatory 954: 848: 825: 784: 659: 649: 577:Bessarabia Governorate 553: 500: 498:'Moisei' you will be". 6716:Composers from Moscow 6546:Musicians from Warsaw 6147:Академическая музыка 6014:Музыкальное обозрение 5899:Muzykalnaya Akademiya 5845:Симфонии М. Вайнберга 5743:Yale University Press 5076:: 194. Archived from 2388: 2355: 2302:Mstislav Rostropovich 2177:Alexander Tchaikovsky 2151: 2134: 2109: 2036: 2002: 1874: 1804: 1741: 1632: 1524:The Cranes are Flying 1483: 1417:The Cranes are Flying 1413: 1333: 1229: 1199: 1143: 949: 941:Committee on the Arts 842: 816: 768: 727:Johann Sebastian Bach 654: 644: 535: 495: 407:Mstislav Rostropovich 336:Committee on the Arts 6721:Musicians from Minsk 6445:Chorus and orchestra 6371:List of compositions 6120:] (in Russian). 6078:(10). Archived from 6074:] (in Russian). 6049:on December 28, 2023 6020:] (in Russian). 5969:on December 28, 2023 5905:] (in Russian). 5876:(10). Archived from 5872:] (in Russian). 5830:on December 28, 2023 5772:] (in Russian). 5006:Literaturnaya Gazeta 4056:, pp. 111, 113. 2925:on February 27, 2009 1727:Krzysztof Penderecki 1253:The Great Friendship 1238:On January 5, 1948, 153: 1942; 6681:Composers for piano 6362:Mieczysław Weinberg 6289:Mieczysław Weinberg 6245:Mieczysław Wajnberg 6181:Die Macht der Musik 6128:on January 11, 2024 6124:(9). Archived from 6082:on January 12, 2024 5913:on January 12, 2024 5909:(5). Archived from 5880:on January 11, 2024 5780:on January 12, 2024 5776:(8). Archived from 5677:Fedoseyev, Vladimir 5556:Skans, Per (1997). 5476:Frolova-Walker 2016 5464:Frolova-Walker 2016 5452:Frolova-Walker 2016 5428:Frolova-Walker 2016 5223:, pp. 243–244. 4814:, pp. 161–162. 4802:, pp. 257–258. 4721:, pp. 226–227. 4575:Skans, Per (1997). 4565:, pp. 138–139. 4397:, pp. 125–126. 4315:, pp. 105–106. 4165:, pp. 122–123. 3580:, pp. 222–223. 3578:Frolova-Walker 2016 2723:, pp. 144–145. 2532:Sovyetskaya Kultura 2517:, the musicologist 2515:Ministry of Culture 2432:Sergei Rachmaninoff 2376:Dmitri Shostakovich 2358:Dmitri Shostakovich 2294:Mikhail Fichtenholz 2290:Timofei Dokschitzer 2066:Domodedovo Cemetery 1987:Eugeniusz Mielcarek 1903:, Vladimir Dovgan, 1860:outside of Moscow. 1754:1969 adaptation of 1557:Moscow Conservatory 1242:and members of the 1126:war against Germany 1104:Myasnitskaya Street 1017:Tokhtasyn Dzhalilov 998:Great Patriotic War 986:capture of the city 872:. He became one of 696:Zbigniew Ziembiński 664:Warsaw Conservatory 657:Warsaw Conservatory 599:Kherson Governorate 395:Mikhail Fichtenholz 391:Timofei Dokschitzer 332:Dmitri Shostakovich 270:Warsaw Conservatory 258:Mieczysław Weinberg 89:Domodedovo Cemetery 25:Mieczysław Weinberg 6666:Russian Christians 6114:Sovyetskaya Muzyka 6068:Sovyetskaya Muzyka 5933:Grove Music Online 5866:Sovyetskaya Muzyka 5766:Sovyetskaya Muzyka 5519:, pp. 99–100. 5083:on August 27, 2024 2754:music-weinberg.net 2646:on January 5, 2024 2507:Karen Khachaturian 2462:Daniel Zhitomirsky 2372: 2232:Chromatic Symphony 2079:Personal character 2062:Valentin Berlinsky 1963:Russian Federation 1924:Alexander Raskatov 1840:Vladimir Fedoseyev 1836:Maxim Shostakovich 1749: 1641: 1443:Lyudmila Kasatkina 1432: 1236: 1183:Mikhail Zoshchenko 1097:Nikitsky Boulevard 1093:Tverskoy Boulevard 966:Vissarion Shebalin 945:Nikolai Myaskovsky 870:Minsk Conservatory 849: 845:Minsk Conservatory 785: 761:Escape from Poland 755:invasion of Poland 688:Stefan Kisielewski 684:Witold Lutosławski 673:Witold Małcużyński 660: 622:26 Baku Commissars 554: 439:Vladimir Fedoseyev 435:Maxim Shostakovich 294:invasion of Poland 278:Witold Małcużyński 6671:Soviet Christians 6498: 6497: 6268:Khazdan, Evgenia 6254:978-83-913521-6-8 6228:978-3-447-11409-7 6209:978-3-8309-3137-9 6190:978-3-8305-1710-8 6000:978-5-7379-1029-7 5947:978-1-56159-263-0 5808:978-5-7379-1013-6 5722:978-3-95593-050-9 5668:978-1-108-49367-3 5418:, pp. 80–81. 5406:, pp. 10–11. 5334:, pp. 70–71. 4044:, pp. 80–81. 3907:, pp. 83–84. 3895:, pp. 91–92. 3871:, pp. 87–89. 3592:, pp. 60–61. 3568:, pp. 51–52. 3544:, pp. 49–50. 3446:, pp. 44–45. 3351:, pp. 59–60. 3206:, pp. 37–38. 3182:, pp. 36–37. 3170:, pp. 35–36. 2946:, pp. 13–14. 2814:, pp. 14–15. 2548:Sofia Gubaidulina 2519:Boris Yarustovsky 2503:Dmitri Kabalevsky 2428:Alexander Borodin 2298:Kirill Kondrashin 2274:Beethoven Quartet 2167:Political beliefs 2090:Elisaveta Blumina 1939:Tatyana Sergeyeva 1886:Sofia Gubaidulina 1594:Vadim Korostolyov 1561:Yevgeny Mravinsky 1529:Richard Addinsell 1519:Mikhail Kalatozov 1425:Mikhail Kalatozov 1423:and its director 1396:power of attorney 1384:Boris Tchaikovsky 1346:In My Native Land 1304:Tikhon Khrennikov 1266:musical formalism 1207:Aram Khachaturian 1187:Sergei Eisenstein 1115:Ivan Sollertinsky 1044:Alexander Tyshler 1025:socialist realist 794:Roman Umiastowski 779: late 1930s 633:Krochmalna Street 611:1918 Baku Commune 537:Krochmalna Street 509: 403:Kirill Kondrashin 358:Tikhon Khrennikov 352:on the orders of 255: 254: 72:February 26, 1996 6738: 6661:Ballet composers 6488: 6487: 6410:Congratulations! 6355: 6348: 6341: 6332: 6331: 6258: 6232: 6213: 6194: 6162: 6160: 6158: 6153:on June 24, 2019 6137: 6135: 6133: 6104: 6091: 6089: 6087: 6058: 6056: 6054: 6033: 6031: 6029: 6004: 5983:Sviridov, Georgy 5978: 5976: 5974: 5951: 5936:(8th ed.). 5922: 5920: 5918: 5889: 5887: 5885: 5856: 5839: 5837: 5835: 5812: 5789: 5787: 5785: 5756: 5726: 5715:: Wolke Verlag. 5713:Hofheim, Germany 5711:(2nd ed.). 5700: 5698: 5696: 5672: 5640: 5634: 5628: 5622: 5616: 5610: 5604: 5598: 5589: 5588: 5572: 5566: 5565: 5553: 5547: 5544:Gwizdalanka 2022 5541: 5532: 5526: 5520: 5514: 5508: 5505:Gwizdalanka 2022 5502: 5491: 5485: 5479: 5473: 5467: 5461: 5455: 5449: 5443: 5437: 5431: 5425: 5419: 5413: 5407: 5401: 5395: 5389: 5383: 5377: 5371: 5365: 5359: 5353: 5347: 5341: 5335: 5329: 5323: 5317: 5311: 5305: 5299: 5293: 5287: 5281: 5272: 5266: 5260: 5254: 5248: 5242: 5236: 5230: 5224: 5218: 5212: 5206: 5200: 5197:Gwizdalanka 2022 5194: 5188: 5182: 5176: 5170: 5164: 5158: 5152: 5149:Gwizdalanka 2022 5146: 5140: 5134: 5121: 5115: 5109: 5103: 5097: 5096: 5090: 5088: 5082: 5067: 5057: 5051: 5045: 5039: 5033: 5027: 5026: 5020: 5018: 4996: 4990: 4989: 4974:(2nd ed.). 4964: 4958: 4955:Gwizdalanka 2022 4952: 4946: 4943:Gwizdalanka 2022 4940: 4934: 4931:Gwizdalanka 2022 4928: 4922: 4919:Gwizdalanka 2022 4916: 4910: 4904: 4898: 4892: 4879: 4873: 4867: 4861: 4855: 4849: 4832: 4829:Gwizdalanka 2022 4826: 4815: 4809: 4803: 4797: 4791: 4785: 4770: 4764: 4753: 4747: 4734: 4728: 4722: 4716: 4710: 4704: 4698: 4695:Gwizdalanka 2022 4692: 4683: 4677: 4668: 4662: 4653: 4650:Gwizdalanka 2022 4647: 4641: 4638:Gwizdalanka 2022 4635: 4629: 4623: 4608: 4607: 4591: 4585: 4584: 4572: 4566: 4563:Gwizdalanka 2022 4560: 4551: 4550: 4532: 4526: 4520: 4514: 4511:Gwizdalanka 2022 4508: 4497: 4494:Gwizdalanka 2022 4491: 4485: 4482:Gwizdalanka 2022 4479: 4473: 4467: 4461: 4455: 4449: 4443: 4437: 4434:Gwizdalanka 2022 4431: 4425: 4422:Gwizdalanka 2022 4419: 4410: 4404: 4398: 4392: 4386: 4383:Gwizdalanka 2022 4380: 4374: 4368: 4355: 4349: 4343: 4337: 4331: 4325: 4316: 4310: 4304: 4298: 4292: 4289:Rakhalskaya 2016 4286: 4267: 4264:Gwizdalanka 2022 4261: 4252: 4246: 4240: 4239: 4237: 4235: 4215: 4209: 4208: 4206: 4204: 4184: 4178: 4175:Gwizdalanka 2022 4172: 4166: 4160: 4154: 4148: 4142: 4136: 4130: 4124: 4115: 4109: 4103: 4097: 4086: 4083:Gwizdalanka 2022 4080: 4069: 4066:Gwizdalanka 2022 4063: 4057: 4051: 4045: 4039: 4033: 4027: 4021: 4015: 4009: 4006:Gwizdalanka 2022 4003: 3994: 3991:Gwizdalanka 2022 3988: 3979: 3976:Gwizdalanka 2022 3973: 3967: 3961: 3955: 3952:Gwizdalanka 2022 3949: 3943: 3942: 3926: 3920: 3914: 3908: 3905:Gwizdalanka 2022 3902: 3896: 3890: 3884: 3878: 3872: 3869:Gwizdalanka 2022 3866: 3860: 3857:Gwizdalanka 2022 3854: 3848: 3845:Gwizdalanka 2022 3842: 3833: 3827: 3818: 3812: 3806: 3803:Gwizdalanka 2022 3800: 3789: 3783: 3777: 3774:Gwizdalanka 2022 3771: 3765: 3762:Gwizdalanka 2022 3759: 3753: 3747: 3736: 3733:Gwizdalanka 2022 3730: 3724: 3718: 3712: 3709:Gwizdalanka 2022 3706: 3700: 3697:Gwizdalanka 2022 3694: 3683: 3677: 3671: 3668:Gwizdalanka 2022 3665: 3659: 3656:Gwizdalanka 2022 3653: 3644: 3638: 3632: 3626: 3620: 3617:Gwizdalanka 2022 3614: 3608: 3605:Gwizdalanka 2022 3602: 3593: 3587: 3581: 3575: 3569: 3563: 3557: 3551: 3545: 3539: 3533: 3527: 3521: 3515: 3506: 3503:Gwizdalanka 2022 3500: 3491: 3488:Gwizdalanka 2022 3485: 3474: 3468: 3462: 3456: 3447: 3444:Gwizdalanka 2022 3441: 3435: 3432:Gwizdalanka 2022 3429: 3420: 3414: 3408: 3402: 3396: 3390: 3381: 3375: 3369: 3366:Gwizdalanka 2022 3363: 3352: 3346: 3340: 3334: 3328: 3325:Gwizdalanka 2022 3322: 3311: 3305: 3299: 3293: 3287: 3284:Gwizdalanka 2022 3281: 3270: 3264: 3258: 3255:Gwizdalanka 2022 3252: 3243: 3237: 3231: 3228:Gwizdalanka 2022 3225: 3219: 3213: 3207: 3204:Gwizdalanka 2022 3201: 3195: 3192:Gwizdalanka 2022 3189: 3183: 3180:Gwizdalanka 2022 3177: 3171: 3168:Gwizdalanka 2022 3165: 3159: 3153: 3147: 3144:Gwizdalanka 2022 3141: 3135: 3132:Gwizdalanka 2022 3129: 3120: 3114: 3103: 3100:Gwizdalanka 2022 3097: 3088: 3082: 3073: 3070:Gwizdalanka 2022 3067: 3058: 3052: 3046: 3043:Gwizdalanka 2022 3040: 3034: 3028: 3022: 3019:Gwizdalanka 2022 3016: 3010: 3004: 2995: 2989: 2976: 2973:Gwizdalanka 2022 2970: 2964: 2958: 2947: 2944:Gwizdalanka 2022 2941: 2935: 2934: 2932: 2930: 2924: 2908: 2902: 2901: 2890: 2884: 2881:Gwizdalanka 2022 2878: 2869: 2863: 2857: 2854:Ovchinnikov 2003 2851: 2842: 2839:Gwizdalanka 2022 2836: 2830: 2824: 2815: 2812:Gwizdalanka 2022 2809: 2803: 2797: 2791: 2785: 2774: 2773: 2767: 2765: 2745: 2739: 2733: 2724: 2721:Gwizdalanka 2022 2718: 2712: 2706: 2700: 2694: 2683: 2680:Gwizdalanka 2022 2677: 2671: 2668:Gwizdalanka 2022 2665: 2656: 2655: 2653: 2651: 2642:. Archived from 2627: 2611: 2604: 2598: 2594: 2544:Alfred Schnittke 2527: 2511:Rodion Shchedrin 2470:Arkady Mordvinov 2446:contemporaries. 2412:Sergei Prokofiev 2367: 2364: 2271: 2247:Children's Songs 2222:, with texts by 2185: 2102: 2074: 1998:cultural attaché 1995: 1954:USSR State Prize 1936: 1917: 1902: 1890:Alfred Schnittke 1859: 1828:Rodion Shchedrin 1793: 1732:St. Luke Passion 1723:Grażyna Bacewicz 1702: 1686:new Polish music 1669:Congratulations! 1653: 1602: 1542:Honoré de Balzac 1512: 1501: 1476: 1468:Teodor Vulfovich 1465: 1320: 1296:Lazar Kaganovich 1293: 1285:Vladimir Golubov 1278: 1215:Festive Pictures 1119:piano four-hands 1112: 1048:Solomon Mikhoels 926:Heinrich Neuhaus 923: 912: 901: 893:Ryszard Sielicki 890: 874:Vasily Zolotarev 780: 777: 732:Italian Concerto 716: 704: 680:Andrzej Panufnik 669:Józef Turczyński 641: 619: 566: 552: 549: 545: 514: 508:romanized: 507: 505: 492: 432: 351: 328:Solomon Mikhoels 320:Vasily Zolotarev 307:murdered at the 274:Józef Turczyński 240:USSR State Prize 209: 178: 176: 167:Olga Rakhalskaya 158: 156: 152: 140:Natalya Mikhoels 120: 102:Other names 97: 75: 57:December 8, 1919 56: 54: 35: 21: 20: 6746: 6745: 6741: 6740: 6739: 6737: 6736: 6735: 6731:Polish refugees 6501: 6500: 6499: 6494: 6476: 6471:Symphony No. 21 6459: 6440: 6373: 6364: 6359: 6285: 6265: 6255: 6239: 6229: 6210: 6191: 6175: 6170: 6168:Further reading 6165: 6156: 6154: 6131: 6129: 6085: 6083: 6052: 6050: 6027: 6025: 6001: 5972: 5970: 5962:Russian Journal 5948: 5916: 5914: 5903:Musical Academy 5883: 5881: 5833: 5831: 5809: 5783: 5781: 5753: 5723: 5694: 5692: 5669: 5648: 5643: 5635: 5631: 5623: 5619: 5611: 5607: 5599: 5592: 5581:Josef Feigelson 5573: 5569: 5562:Yosif Feigelson 5554: 5550: 5542: 5535: 5527: 5523: 5515: 5511: 5503: 5494: 5486: 5482: 5474: 5470: 5462: 5458: 5450: 5446: 5438: 5434: 5426: 5422: 5414: 5410: 5402: 5398: 5390: 5386: 5378: 5374: 5366: 5362: 5354: 5350: 5342: 5338: 5330: 5326: 5318: 5314: 5306: 5302: 5294: 5290: 5282: 5275: 5267: 5263: 5255: 5251: 5243: 5239: 5231: 5227: 5219: 5215: 5207: 5203: 5195: 5191: 5183: 5179: 5171: 5167: 5159: 5155: 5147: 5143: 5135: 5124: 5120:, pp. 7–8. 5116: 5112: 5104: 5100: 5086: 5084: 5080: 5065: 5058: 5054: 5046: 5042: 5034: 5030: 5016: 5014: 4997: 4993: 4986: 4978:. p. 249. 4965: 4961: 4953: 4949: 4941: 4937: 4929: 4925: 4917: 4913: 4905: 4901: 4893: 4882: 4874: 4870: 4862: 4858: 4850: 4835: 4827: 4818: 4810: 4806: 4798: 4794: 4786: 4773: 4765: 4756: 4748: 4737: 4729: 4725: 4717: 4713: 4705: 4701: 4693: 4686: 4678: 4671: 4663: 4656: 4648: 4644: 4636: 4632: 4624: 4611: 4600:Josef Feigelson 4592: 4588: 4581:Yosif Feigelson 4573: 4569: 4561: 4554: 4547: 4533: 4529: 4521: 4517: 4509: 4500: 4492: 4488: 4480: 4476: 4468: 4464: 4456: 4452: 4444: 4440: 4432: 4428: 4420: 4413: 4405: 4401: 4393: 4389: 4381: 4377: 4369: 4358: 4350: 4346: 4338: 4334: 4326: 4319: 4311: 4307: 4299: 4295: 4287: 4270: 4262: 4255: 4247: 4243: 4233: 4231: 4216: 4212: 4202: 4200: 4193:ShkolaZhizni.ru 4185: 4181: 4173: 4169: 4161: 4157: 4149: 4145: 4137: 4133: 4125: 4118: 4110: 4106: 4098: 4089: 4081: 4072: 4064: 4060: 4052: 4048: 4040: 4036: 4028: 4024: 4016: 4012: 4004: 3997: 3989: 3982: 3974: 3970: 3962: 3958: 3950: 3946: 3927: 3923: 3915: 3911: 3903: 3899: 3891: 3887: 3879: 3875: 3867: 3863: 3855: 3851: 3843: 3836: 3828: 3821: 3813: 3809: 3801: 3792: 3784: 3780: 3772: 3768: 3760: 3756: 3748: 3739: 3731: 3727: 3719: 3715: 3707: 3703: 3695: 3686: 3678: 3674: 3666: 3662: 3654: 3647: 3639: 3635: 3627: 3623: 3615: 3611: 3603: 3596: 3588: 3584: 3576: 3572: 3564: 3560: 3552: 3548: 3540: 3536: 3528: 3524: 3516: 3509: 3501: 3494: 3486: 3477: 3469: 3465: 3457: 3450: 3442: 3438: 3430: 3423: 3415: 3411: 3403: 3399: 3391: 3384: 3376: 3372: 3364: 3355: 3347: 3343: 3335: 3331: 3323: 3314: 3306: 3302: 3294: 3290: 3282: 3273: 3265: 3261: 3253: 3246: 3238: 3234: 3226: 3222: 3214: 3210: 3202: 3198: 3190: 3186: 3178: 3174: 3166: 3162: 3154: 3150: 3142: 3138: 3130: 3123: 3115: 3106: 3098: 3091: 3083: 3076: 3068: 3061: 3053: 3049: 3041: 3037: 3029: 3025: 3017: 3013: 3005: 2998: 2990: 2979: 2971: 2967: 2959: 2950: 2942: 2938: 2928: 2926: 2909: 2905: 2892: 2891: 2887: 2879: 2872: 2864: 2860: 2852: 2845: 2837: 2833: 2827:Tsodikova 2009a 2825: 2818: 2810: 2806: 2798: 2794: 2786: 2777: 2763: 2761: 2746: 2742: 2734: 2727: 2719: 2715: 2707: 2703: 2695: 2686: 2678: 2674: 2666: 2659: 2649: 2647: 2628: 2624: 2620: 2615: 2614: 2605: 2601: 2595: 2586: 2581: 2576: 2521: 2499:Mikhail Lukonin 2478:Georgy Sviridov 2457: 2452: 2395:Aside from the 2365: 2350: 2326: 2306:Borodin Quartet 2282:Violin Concerto 2265: 2263:Dmitri Tsyganov 2204: 2199: 2193: 2179: 2169: 2159:also listen to 2147: 2126: 2092: 2086: 2081: 2068: 2050: 2027:Simeon Stylites 2019: 1989: 1950:Crohn's disease 1930: 1928:Vladimir Ryabov 1911: 1896: 1894:Sergei Berinsky 1866: 1853: 1787: 1785:Yuliy Rakhalsky 1781: 1766:Winnie-the-Pooh 1756:Winnie-the-Pooh 1745:Winnie-the-Pooh 1719:Krzysztof Meyer 1708:at that year's 1706:Komitas Quartet 1696: 1647: 1627: 1625:"Stellar years" 1609:Igor Stravinsky 1596: 1574:, based on the 1570:A 1955 ballet, 1553:Symphony No. 10 1534:Warsaw Concerto 1506: 1495: 1470: 1459: 1457:Nikita Kurikhin 1408: 1406:Khrushchev Thaw 1388:Lubyanka Prison 1361:Benjamin Zuskin 1314: 1310:published its " 1287: 1272: 1248:Bolshoi Theatre 1232:Lubyanka Prison 1224: 1134: 1106: 1085: 1083:Wartime success 1009:as a tutor and 994: 917: 906: 902:. According to 895: 884: 837: 778: 763: 710: 698: 692:Zbigniew Turski 635: 613: 601:(today part of 579:(today part of 560: 550: 539: 530: 525: 472:Yiddish theater 468:Mojsze Wajnberg 464: 447:Crohn's disease 426: 424:Yuliy Rakhalsky 416:Winnie-the-Pooh 387:Borodin Quartet 370:Lubyanka Prison 345: 296:that initiated 262:Yiddish theatre 251: 216: 203: 201:Szmuel Weinberg 181: 180: 177: 1972) 172: 168: 160: 157: 1970) 148: 144: 141: 118: 105:Moisei Vainberg 91: 80: 77: 73: 64: 58: 52: 50: 49: 48: 47:Mojsze Wajnberg 38: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6744: 6734: 6733: 6728: 6723: 6718: 6713: 6708: 6703: 6698: 6693: 6688: 6683: 6678: 6673: 6668: 6663: 6658: 6653: 6648: 6643: 6638: 6633: 6628: 6623: 6618: 6613: 6608: 6603: 6598: 6593: 6588: 6583: 6578: 6573: 6568: 6563: 6558: 6553: 6548: 6543: 6538: 6533: 6528: 6523: 6518: 6513: 6496: 6495: 6493: 6492: 6481: 6478: 6477: 6475: 6474: 6467: 6465: 6461: 6460: 6458: 6457: 6448: 6446: 6442: 6441: 6439: 6438: 6430: 6422: 6414: 6406: 6398: 6390: 6381: 6379: 6375: 6374: 6369: 6366: 6365: 6358: 6357: 6350: 6343: 6335: 6329: 6328: 6320: 6315: 6310: 6305: 6300: 6295: 6284: 6283:External links 6281: 6280: 6279: 6276: 6273: 6264: 6261: 6260: 6259: 6253: 6238: 6235: 6234: 6233: 6227: 6214: 6208: 6195: 6189: 6174: 6171: 6169: 6166: 6164: 6163: 6138: 6105: 6092: 6059: 6034: 6018:Musical Review 6005: 5999: 5979: 5952: 5946: 5923: 5890: 5857: 5840: 5813: 5807: 5790: 5757: 5751: 5727: 5721: 5705:Fanning, David 5701: 5687:(in Russian). 5673: 5667: 5649: 5647: 5644: 5642: 5641: 5629: 5627:, p. 167. 5617: 5615:, p. 166. 5605: 5603:, p. 144. 5590: 5567: 5548: 5546:, p. 105. 5533: 5531:, p. 108. 5521: 5509: 5507:, p. 104. 5492: 5480: 5478:, p. 124. 5468: 5466:, p. 123. 5456: 5454:, p. 291. 5444: 5432: 5420: 5408: 5396: 5394:, p. 209. 5384: 5372: 5360: 5348: 5336: 5324: 5312: 5300: 5288: 5273: 5261: 5249: 5247:, p. 245. 5237: 5235:, p. 244. 5225: 5213: 5211:, p. 210. 5201: 5199:, p. 107. 5189: 5177: 5165: 5153: 5141: 5122: 5110: 5098: 5072:(in Russian). 5052: 5040: 5028: 5009:(in Russian). 4991: 4984: 4959: 4957:, p. 164. 4947: 4945:, p. 150. 4935: 4923: 4911: 4909:, p. 259. 4899: 4880: 4878:, p. 162. 4868: 4866:, p. 224. 4856: 4854:, p. 258. 4833: 4831:, p. 151. 4816: 4804: 4792: 4790:, p. 257. 4771: 4769:, p. 159. 4754: 4752:, p. 161. 4735: 4723: 4711: 4709:, p. 215. 4699: 4697:, p. 143. 4684: 4682:, p. 143. 4669: 4667:, p. 145. 4654: 4652:, p. 142. 4642: 4640:, p. 135. 4630: 4609: 4586: 4567: 4552: 4546:978-0521111188 4545: 4527: 4525:, p. 126. 4515: 4513:, p. 140. 4498: 4496:, p. 138. 4486: 4484:, p. 127. 4474: 4472:, p. 206. 4462: 4460:, p. 205. 4450: 4448:, p. 117. 4438: 4436:, p. 122. 4426: 4424:, p. 121. 4411: 4409:, p. 204. 4399: 4387: 4385:, p. 120. 4375: 4373:, p. 125. 4356: 4354:, p. 169. 4344: 4342:, p. 106. 4332: 4330:, p. 207. 4317: 4305: 4303:, p. 105. 4293: 4268: 4266:, p. 116. 4253: 4241: 4226:(in Russian). 4210: 4195:(in Russian). 4179: 4177:, p. 137. 4167: 4155: 4153:, p. 193. 4143: 4141:, p. 188. 4131: 4129:, p. 185. 4116: 4114:, p. 195. 4104: 4102:, p. 192. 4087: 4085:, p. 113. 4070: 4068:, p. 111. 4058: 4046: 4034: 4032:, p. 107. 4022: 4010: 4008:, p. 103. 3995: 3993:, p. 101. 3980: 3978:, p. 100. 3968: 3966:, p. 103. 3956: 3944: 3921: 3909: 3897: 3885: 3883:, p. 101. 3873: 3861: 3849: 3834: 3819: 3807: 3790: 3778: 3766: 3754: 3752:, p. 124. 3737: 3725: 3723:, p. 123. 3713: 3701: 3684: 3672: 3660: 3645: 3643:, p. 108. 3633: 3621: 3609: 3594: 3582: 3570: 3558: 3546: 3534: 3522: 3507: 3492: 3475: 3463: 3448: 3436: 3421: 3409: 3397: 3382: 3370: 3353: 3341: 3329: 3312: 3300: 3288: 3271: 3259: 3244: 3232: 3220: 3208: 3196: 3184: 3172: 3160: 3148: 3136: 3121: 3104: 3089: 3074: 3059: 3047: 3035: 3023: 3011: 2996: 2977: 2965: 2948: 2936: 2913:"Дерево Жизни" 2903: 2898:zhurnal.lib.ru 2885: 2870: 2858: 2843: 2831: 2816: 2804: 2792: 2775: 2740: 2725: 2713: 2701: 2684: 2672: 2657: 2621: 2619: 2616: 2613: 2612: 2599: 2583: 2582: 2580: 2577: 2575: 2572: 2552:Edison Denisov 2456: 2453: 2451: 2448: 2420:Paul Hindemith 2380:Symphony No. 5 2349: 2346: 2325: 2322: 2286:Rudolf Barshai 2259:Maria Grinberg 2203: 2200: 2195:Main article: 2192: 2189: 2168: 2165: 2146: 2143: 2125: 2122: 2085: 2082: 2080: 2077: 2049: 2046: 2023:Joseph Brodsky 2018: 2015: 1943:Dmitri Smirnov 1920:Vasily Lobanov 1909:Andrei Golovin 1865: 1862: 1780: 1777: 1761:Fyodor Khitruk 1677:Alexander Gauk 1626: 1623: 1605:The Golden Key 1580:Alexei Tolstoy 1572:The Golden Key 1479:Mikhail Veller 1407: 1404: 1392:Lavrenty Beria 1380:David Oistrakh 1350:Alexander Gauk 1262:Andrei Zhdanov 1223: 1220: 1179:Anna Akhmatova 1171:Andrei Zhdanov 1133: 1130: 1084: 1081: 1029:Mutal Burhonov 993: 990: 982:German bombing 962:Pott's disease 937:Mighty Handful 904:Lev Abeliovich 882:Genrikh Wagner 836: 833: 769:Façade of the 762: 759: 737:Mily Balakirev 585:pogrom of 1903 569:Jewish Theatre 529: 526: 524: 521: 476:Mosze Weinberg 463: 460: 411:Fyodor Khitruk 383:Rudolf Barshai 378:Stalin's death 374:Lavrenty Beria 266:Jewish Theatre 253: 252: 250: 249: 243: 237: 231: 224: 222: 218: 217: 215: 214: 211: 197: 195: 191: 190: 187: 183: 182: 170: 166: 165: 164: 163: 146: 142: 139: 138: 137: 136: 133: 131: 127: 126: 121: 115: 114: 111: 107: 106: 103: 99: 98: 86: 82: 81: 79:Moscow, Russia 78: 76:(aged 76) 70: 66: 65: 59: 46: 44: 40: 39: 36: 28: 27: 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6743: 6732: 6729: 6727: 6724: 6722: 6719: 6717: 6714: 6712: 6709: 6707: 6704: 6702: 6699: 6697: 6694: 6692: 6689: 6687: 6684: 6682: 6679: 6677: 6674: 6672: 6669: 6667: 6664: 6662: 6659: 6657: 6654: 6652: 6649: 6647: 6644: 6642: 6639: 6637: 6634: 6632: 6629: 6627: 6624: 6622: 6619: 6617: 6614: 6612: 6609: 6607: 6604: 6602: 6599: 6597: 6594: 6592: 6589: 6587: 6584: 6582: 6579: 6577: 6574: 6572: 6569: 6567: 6564: 6562: 6559: 6557: 6554: 6552: 6549: 6547: 6544: 6542: 6539: 6537: 6534: 6532: 6529: 6527: 6524: 6522: 6519: 6517: 6514: 6512: 6509: 6508: 6506: 6491: 6483: 6482: 6479: 6472: 6469: 6468: 6466: 6462: 6455: 6454: 6450: 6449: 6447: 6443: 6436: 6435: 6431: 6428: 6427: 6423: 6420: 6419: 6418:Lady Magnesia 6415: 6412: 6411: 6407: 6404: 6403: 6399: 6396: 6395: 6391: 6388: 6387: 6386:The Passenger 6383: 6382: 6380: 6376: 6372: 6367: 6363: 6356: 6351: 6349: 6344: 6342: 6337: 6336: 6333: 6327: 6326: 6321: 6319: 6316: 6314: 6311: 6309: 6306: 6304: 6301: 6299: 6296: 6294: 6290: 6287: 6286: 6277: 6274: 6271: 6267: 6266: 6256: 6250: 6246: 6241: 6240: 6230: 6224: 6220: 6219:Der Passagier 6215: 6211: 6205: 6201: 6196: 6192: 6186: 6182: 6177: 6176: 6152: 6148: 6144: 6139: 6127: 6123: 6119: 6115: 6111: 6106: 6102: 6098: 6093: 6081: 6077: 6073: 6069: 6065: 6060: 6048: 6044: 6040: 6035: 6023: 6019: 6015: 6011: 6006: 6002: 5996: 5992: 5988: 5984: 5980: 5968: 5964: 5963: 5958: 5953: 5949: 5943: 5939: 5935: 5934: 5929: 5924: 5912: 5908: 5904: 5900: 5896: 5891: 5879: 5875: 5871: 5867: 5863: 5858: 5854: 5850: 5846: 5841: 5829: 5825: 5824: 5819: 5814: 5810: 5804: 5800: 5796: 5791: 5779: 5775: 5771: 5767: 5763: 5758: 5754: 5752:9780300208849 5748: 5744: 5740: 5736: 5732: 5728: 5724: 5718: 5714: 5710: 5706: 5702: 5690: 5686: 5682: 5678: 5674: 5670: 5664: 5660: 5656: 5651: 5650: 5638: 5633: 5626: 5621: 5614: 5609: 5602: 5597: 5595: 5586: 5585:Naxos Records 5582: 5578: 5571: 5563: 5559: 5552: 5545: 5540: 5538: 5530: 5525: 5518: 5517:Nikitina 1972 5513: 5506: 5501: 5499: 5497: 5489: 5484: 5477: 5472: 5465: 5460: 5453: 5448: 5442:, p. 39. 5441: 5436: 5430:, p. 98. 5429: 5424: 5417: 5412: 5405: 5404:Nikitina 1972 5400: 5393: 5388: 5382:, p. 17. 5381: 5380:Nikitina 1972 5376: 5370:, p. 10. 5369: 5368:Nikitina 1972 5364: 5357: 5356:Nikitina 1972 5352: 5346:, p. 71. 5345: 5340: 5333: 5328: 5322:, p. 28. 5321: 5316: 5310:, p. 49. 5309: 5304: 5298:, p. 27. 5297: 5292: 5286:, p. 26. 5285: 5280: 5278: 5271:, p. 19. 5270: 5265: 5258: 5253: 5246: 5241: 5234: 5229: 5222: 5217: 5210: 5205: 5198: 5193: 5187:, p. 98. 5186: 5181: 5175:, p. 97. 5174: 5169: 5163:, p. 96. 5162: 5157: 5151:, p. 38. 5150: 5145: 5138: 5137:Nikitina 2001 5133: 5131: 5129: 5127: 5119: 5114: 5107: 5102: 5094: 5079: 5075: 5071: 5063: 5056: 5050:, p. 70. 5049: 5044: 5038:, p. 11. 5037: 5032: 5024: 5012: 5008: 5007: 5002: 4995: 4987: 4985:0-691-12886-3 4981: 4977: 4973: 4969: 4963: 4956: 4951: 4944: 4939: 4933:, p. 93. 4932: 4927: 4921:, p. 91. 4920: 4915: 4908: 4903: 4896: 4891: 4889: 4887: 4885: 4877: 4872: 4865: 4860: 4853: 4848: 4846: 4844: 4842: 4840: 4838: 4830: 4825: 4823: 4821: 4813: 4808: 4801: 4796: 4789: 4784: 4782: 4780: 4778: 4776: 4768: 4763: 4761: 4759: 4751: 4746: 4744: 4742: 4740: 4733:, p. 25. 4732: 4727: 4720: 4715: 4708: 4703: 4696: 4691: 4689: 4681: 4676: 4674: 4666: 4661: 4659: 4651: 4646: 4639: 4634: 4627: 4622: 4620: 4618: 4616: 4614: 4605: 4604:Naxos Records 4601: 4597: 4590: 4582: 4578: 4571: 4564: 4559: 4557: 4548: 4542: 4538: 4531: 4524: 4519: 4512: 4507: 4505: 4503: 4495: 4490: 4483: 4478: 4471: 4466: 4459: 4454: 4447: 4442: 4435: 4430: 4423: 4418: 4416: 4408: 4403: 4396: 4391: 4384: 4379: 4372: 4367: 4365: 4363: 4361: 4353: 4348: 4341: 4336: 4329: 4324: 4322: 4314: 4309: 4302: 4297: 4290: 4285: 4283: 4281: 4279: 4277: 4275: 4273: 4265: 4260: 4258: 4251:, p. 22. 4250: 4249:Nikitina 1994 4245: 4229: 4225: 4221: 4214: 4198: 4194: 4190: 4183: 4176: 4171: 4164: 4159: 4152: 4147: 4140: 4135: 4128: 4123: 4121: 4113: 4108: 4101: 4096: 4094: 4092: 4084: 4079: 4077: 4075: 4067: 4062: 4055: 4050: 4043: 4042:Nikitina 1972 4038: 4031: 4026: 4020:, p. 80. 4019: 4018:Nikitina 1972 4014: 4007: 4002: 4000: 3992: 3987: 3985: 3977: 3972: 3965: 3960: 3954:, p. 90. 3953: 3948: 3940: 3936: 3932: 3925: 3919:, p. 19. 3918: 3917:Nikitina 1994 3913: 3906: 3901: 3894: 3889: 3882: 3877: 3870: 3865: 3859:, p. 87. 3858: 3853: 3847:, p. 86. 3846: 3841: 3839: 3832:, p. 92. 3831: 3826: 3824: 3817:, p. 91. 3816: 3811: 3805:, p. 84. 3804: 3799: 3797: 3795: 3788:, p. 88. 3787: 3782: 3776:, p. 79. 3775: 3770: 3764:, p. 78. 3763: 3758: 3751: 3746: 3744: 3742: 3735:, p. 72. 3734: 3729: 3722: 3717: 3711:, p. 69. 3710: 3705: 3699:, p. 77. 3698: 3693: 3691: 3689: 3682:, p. 68. 3681: 3676: 3670:, p. 68. 3669: 3664: 3658:, p. 64. 3657: 3652: 3650: 3642: 3637: 3631:, p. 64. 3630: 3625: 3619:, p. 67. 3618: 3613: 3607:, p. 65. 3606: 3601: 3599: 3591: 3586: 3579: 3574: 3567: 3562: 3556:, p. 50. 3555: 3550: 3543: 3538: 3532:, p. 98. 3531: 3526: 3520:, p. 49. 3519: 3514: 3512: 3505:, p. 49. 3504: 3499: 3497: 3490:, p. 51. 3489: 3484: 3482: 3480: 3473:, p. 80. 3472: 3467: 3461:, p. 87. 3460: 3455: 3453: 3445: 3440: 3434:, p. 47. 3433: 3428: 3426: 3419:, p. 48. 3418: 3417:Weinberg 1976 3413: 3407:, p. 41. 3406: 3401: 3395:, p. 70. 3394: 3389: 3387: 3380:, p. 69. 3379: 3374: 3368:, p. 43. 3367: 3362: 3360: 3358: 3350: 3345: 3339:, p. 59. 3338: 3333: 3327:, p. 42. 3326: 3321: 3319: 3317: 3310:, p. 58. 3309: 3304: 3298:, p. 33. 3297: 3292: 3286:, p. 41. 3285: 3280: 3278: 3276: 3269:, p. 32. 3268: 3263: 3257:, p. 40. 3256: 3251: 3249: 3242:, p. 57. 3241: 3236: 3230:, p. 39. 3229: 3224: 3218:, p. 21. 3217: 3216:Nikitina 1994 3212: 3205: 3200: 3194:, p. 36. 3193: 3188: 3181: 3176: 3169: 3164: 3158:, p. 41. 3157: 3152: 3146:, p. 37. 3145: 3140: 3134:, p. 35. 3133: 3128: 3126: 3119:, p. 22. 3118: 3113: 3111: 3109: 3102:, p. 33. 3101: 3096: 3094: 3087:, p. 21. 3086: 3081: 3079: 3072:, p. 30. 3071: 3066: 3064: 3057:, p. 18. 3056: 3051: 3045:, p. 27. 3044: 3039: 3033:, p. 37. 3032: 3027: 3021:, p. 29. 3020: 3015: 3009:, p. 35. 3008: 3003: 3001: 2993: 2992:Medvedev 2004 2988: 2986: 2984: 2982: 2975:, p. 22. 2974: 2969: 2963:, p. 17. 2962: 2957: 2955: 2953: 2945: 2940: 2923: 2918: 2914: 2907: 2899: 2895: 2889: 2883:, p. 15. 2882: 2877: 2875: 2868:, p. 15. 2867: 2862: 2855: 2850: 2848: 2841:, p. 18. 2840: 2835: 2828: 2823: 2821: 2813: 2808: 2802:, p. 16. 2801: 2796: 2789: 2784: 2782: 2780: 2772: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2744: 2737: 2732: 2730: 2722: 2717: 2711:, p. 18. 2710: 2709:Nikitina 1994 2705: 2699:, p. 23. 2698: 2693: 2691: 2689: 2682:, p. 24. 2681: 2676: 2670:, p. 25. 2669: 2664: 2662: 2645: 2641: 2637: 2633: 2626: 2622: 2609: 2603: 2593: 2591: 2589: 2584: 2571: 2567: 2565: 2564: 2559: 2558: 2553: 2549: 2545: 2540: 2536: 2534: 2533: 2525: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2500: 2496: 2495:Samuil Galkin 2492: 2486: 2483: 2479: 2475: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2447: 2443: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2429: 2425: 2424:Gustav Mahler 2421: 2417: 2413: 2409: 2407: 2402: 2400: 2399: 2392: 2387: 2385: 2381: 2377: 2369: 2359: 2354: 2345: 2343: 2342:The Passenger 2339: 2335: 2331: 2321: 2319: 2313: 2311: 2307: 2303: 2299: 2295: 2291: 2287: 2283: 2277: 2275: 2269: 2264: 2260: 2254: 2252: 2248: 2244: 2239: 2237: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2221: 2217: 2211: 2209: 2198: 2188: 2183: 2178: 2174: 2164: 2162: 2155: 2150: 2142: 2138: 2133: 2130: 2121: 2117: 2114: 2108: 2104: 2100: 2096: 2091: 2084:Recollections 2076: 2072: 2067: 2063: 2059: 2058:The Passenger 2055: 2045: 2040: 2035: 2031: 2028: 2024: 2014: 2012: 2006: 2001: 1999: 1993: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1971: 1967: 1964: 1959: 1955: 1951: 1946: 1944: 1940: 1934: 1929: 1925: 1921: 1915: 1910: 1906: 1905:Elena Firsova 1900: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1882: 1877: 1873: 1871: 1861: 1857: 1852: 1848: 1843: 1841: 1837: 1831: 1829: 1824: 1820: 1819:Zofia Posmysz 1816: 1815: 1814:The Passenger 1808: 1803: 1799: 1797: 1791: 1786: 1776: 1773: 1771: 1767: 1762: 1758: 1757: 1747: 1746: 1740: 1736: 1734: 1733: 1728: 1724: 1720: 1715: 1711: 1710:Warsaw Autumn 1707: 1703: 1700: 1695: 1694:Ruch Muzyczny 1689: 1687: 1683: 1678: 1673: 1671: 1670: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1651: 1646: 1639: 1636: 1631: 1622: 1618: 1616: 1615: 1610: 1606: 1600: 1595: 1591: 1590: 1585: 1584:Carlo Collodi 1581: 1577: 1573: 1568: 1566: 1562: 1558: 1554: 1549: 1547: 1543: 1538: 1536: 1535: 1530: 1526: 1525: 1520: 1514: 1510: 1505: 1499: 1494: 1489: 1488:The Last Inch 1482: 1480: 1474: 1469: 1463: 1458: 1454: 1453: 1452:The Last Inch 1448: 1444: 1440: 1439: 1429: 1428:(upper right) 1426: 1422: 1421:(center left) 1419: 1418: 1412: 1403: 1401: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1372: 1370: 1369:doctors' plot 1366: 1362: 1357: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1341: 1339: 1338:joie de vivre 1332: 1328: 1326: 1325: 1318: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1300: 1297: 1291: 1286: 1282: 1276: 1271: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1258:Vano Muradeli 1255: 1254: 1249: 1246:attended the 1245: 1241: 1240:Joseph Stalin 1234:in early 1953 1233: 1228: 1219: 1216: 1211: 1208: 1202: 1198: 1196: 1195:Jānis Ivanovs 1192: 1188: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1162: 1160: 1159:Yuri Shaporin 1156: 1155:Nikolai Peiko 1152: 1146: 1142: 1139: 1129: 1127: 1122: 1120: 1116: 1110: 1105: 1100: 1098: 1094: 1090: 1080: 1078: 1073: 1067: 1065: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1040: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1018: 1014: 1013: 1008: 1005:hired by the 1002: 999: 989: 987: 983: 979: 975: 971: 967: 963: 959: 953: 948: 946: 942: 938: 934: 929: 927: 921: 916: 915:Alexei Klumov 910: 905: 899: 894: 888: 883: 879: 875: 871: 867: 863: 859: 855: 846: 841: 832: 830: 824: 822: 815: 811: 809: 805: 801: 800: 795: 791: 782: 772: 767: 758: 756: 752: 748: 744: 743: 738: 734: 733: 728: 724: 723:Josef Hofmann 719: 717: 714: 709: 702: 697: 693: 689: 685: 681: 676: 674: 670: 665: 658: 653: 648: 643: 639: 634: 631:district, on 630: 625: 623: 617: 612: 608: 604: 600: 596: 592: 591: 586: 582: 578: 574: 570: 564: 559: 543: 538: 534: 520: 516: 513: 499: 494: 488: 483: 481: 477: 473: 469: 459: 457: 452: 448: 444: 440: 436: 430: 425: 420: 418: 417: 412: 408: 404: 400: 396: 392: 388: 384: 379: 375: 371: 367: 363: 359: 355: 349: 344: 339: 337: 333: 329: 325: 321: 317: 312: 310: 305: 304: 299: 295: 291: 287: 283: 282:Josef Hofmann 279: 275: 271: 267: 263: 259: 247: 244: 241: 238: 235: 232: 229: 226: 225: 223: 219: 212: 207: 202: 199: 198: 196: 192: 188: 184: 162: 161: 135: 134: 132: 128: 125: 122: 116: 112: 108: 104: 100: 95: 90: 87: 85:Resting place 83: 71: 67: 63: 45: 41: 34: 29: 22: 19: 6451: 6432: 6426:The Portrait 6424: 6416: 6408: 6400: 6392: 6384: 6361: 6325:Jewish Songs 6324: 6244: 6218: 6199: 6180: 6155:. Retrieved 6151:the original 6146: 6130:. Retrieved 6126:the original 6121: 6118:Soviet Music 6117: 6113: 6100: 6096: 6084:. Retrieved 6080:the original 6075: 6072:Soviet Music 6071: 6067: 6053:December 27, 6051:. Retrieved 6047:the original 6042: 6026:. Retrieved 6017: 6013: 5990: 5986: 5973:December 27, 5971:. Retrieved 5967:the original 5960: 5931: 5915:. Retrieved 5911:the original 5906: 5902: 5898: 5882:. Retrieved 5878:the original 5873: 5870:Soviet Music 5869: 5865: 5848: 5844: 5834:December 27, 5832:. Retrieved 5828:the original 5821: 5798: 5794: 5782:. Retrieved 5778:the original 5773: 5770:Soviet Music 5769: 5765: 5734: 5708: 5693:. Retrieved 5684: 5654: 5639:, p. 4. 5632: 5625:Fanning 2019 5620: 5613:Fanning 2019 5608: 5601:Fanning 2019 5576: 5570: 5557: 5551: 5529:Fanning 2019 5524: 5512: 5490:, p. 5. 5488:Elphick 2020 5483: 5471: 5459: 5447: 5435: 5423: 5416:Elphick 2020 5411: 5399: 5392:Elphick 2020 5387: 5375: 5363: 5358:, p. 9. 5351: 5344:Elphick 2020 5339: 5332:Elphick 2020 5327: 5320:Fanning 2019 5315: 5308:Elphick 2020 5303: 5296:Fanning 2019 5291: 5284:Fanning 2019 5269:Fanning 2019 5264: 5259:, p. 4. 5257:Elphick 2020 5252: 5245:Elphick 2020 5240: 5233:Elphick 2020 5228: 5221:Elphick 2020 5216: 5209:Elphick 2020 5204: 5192: 5185:Fanning 2019 5180: 5173:Fanning 2019 5168: 5161:Fanning 2019 5156: 5144: 5118:Elphick 2020 5113: 5108:, p. 9. 5106:Elphick 2020 5101: 5091:– via 5085:. Retrieved 5078:the original 5073: 5069: 5055: 5048:Fanning 2019 5043: 5036:Fanning 2019 5031: 5022: 5015:. Retrieved 5004: 4994: 4971: 4962: 4950: 4938: 4926: 4914: 4907:Elphick 2020 4902: 4876:Fanning 2019 4871: 4859: 4852:Elphick 2020 4812:Fanning 2019 4807: 4800:Elphick 2020 4795: 4788:Elphick 2020 4767:Fanning 2019 4750:Fanning 2019 4726: 4719:Elphick 2020 4714: 4702: 4680:Fanning 2019 4665:Fanning 2019 4645: 4633: 4595: 4589: 4576: 4570: 4536: 4530: 4523:Fanning 2019 4518: 4489: 4477: 4465: 4453: 4446:Fanning 2019 4441: 4429: 4402: 4395:Fanning 2019 4390: 4378: 4371:Fanning 2019 4352:Elphick 2020 4347: 4340:Fanning 2019 4335: 4328:Elphick 2020 4313:Fanning 2019 4308: 4301:Fanning 2019 4296: 4244: 4232:. Retrieved 4223: 4213: 4201:. Retrieved 4192: 4182: 4170: 4163:Fanning 2019 4158: 4151:Elphick 2020 4146: 4139:Elphick 2020 4134: 4127:Elphick 2020 4112:Elphick 2020 4107: 4100:Elphick 2020 4061: 4054:Fanning 2019 4049: 4037: 4030:Fanning 2019 4025: 4013: 3971: 3964:Fanning 2019 3959: 3947: 3930: 3924: 3912: 3900: 3893:Fanning 2019 3888: 3881:Fanning 2019 3876: 3864: 3852: 3830:Fanning 2019 3815:Fanning 2019 3810: 3786:Fanning 2019 3781: 3769: 3757: 3750:Elphick 2020 3728: 3721:Elphick 2020 3716: 3704: 3680:Fanning 2019 3675: 3663: 3641:Elphick 2020 3636: 3629:Fanning 2019 3624: 3612: 3590:Fanning 2019 3585: 3573: 3566:Fanning 2019 3561: 3554:Fanning 2019 3549: 3542:Fanning 2019 3537: 3530:Elphick 2020 3525: 3518:Fanning 2019 3471:Elphick 2020 3466: 3459:Elphick 2020 3439: 3412: 3405:Fanning 2019 3400: 3393:Elphick 2020 3378:Elphick 2020 3373: 3349:Elphick 2020 3344: 3337:Elphick 2020 3332: 3308:Elphick 2020 3303: 3296:Fanning 2019 3291: 3267:Fanning 2019 3262: 3240:Elphick 2020 3235: 3223: 3211: 3199: 3187: 3175: 3163: 3156:Elphick 2020 3151: 3139: 3117:Fanning 2019 3085:Fanning 2019 3055:Fanning 2019 3050: 3038: 3031:Elphick 2020 3026: 3014: 3007:Elphick 2020 2968: 2961:Fanning 2019 2939: 2929:December 27, 2927:. Retrieved 2922:the original 2916: 2906: 2897: 2888: 2866:Fanning 2019 2861: 2834: 2807: 2800:Fanning 2019 2795: 2790:, p. 7. 2788:Elphick 2020 2769: 2762:. Retrieved 2753: 2748:Skans, Per. 2743: 2738:, p. 8. 2736:Fanning 2019 2716: 2704: 2697:Fanning 2019 2675: 2648:. Retrieved 2644:the original 2635: 2625: 2602: 2568: 2561: 2555: 2541: 2537: 2530: 2487: 2481: 2466:Stalin Prize 2458: 2444: 2410: 2406:Grigory Frid 2403: 2396: 2394: 2389: 2373: 2360: 2341: 2333: 2327: 2314: 2310:Eastern Bloc 2278: 2255: 2251:I. L. Peretz 2246: 2240: 2231: 2227: 2224:Julian Tuwim 2218:, his first 2215: 2212: 2208:opus numbers 2205: 2170: 2163:'s operas". 2157: 2152: 2148: 2140: 2135: 2131: 2127: 2119: 2113:idiot savant 2112: 2111:image of an 2110: 2105: 2087: 2057: 2051: 2042: 2037: 2032: 2020: 2008: 2003: 2000:, recalled: 1974: 1972: 1968: 1947: 1883: 1879: 1875: 1867: 1851:Valentinovka 1844: 1832: 1812: 1810: 1805: 1800: 1782: 1774: 1770:patter songs 1765: 1759:directed by 1755: 1750: 1743: 1730: 1692: 1690: 1674: 1667: 1660:Armenian SSR 1642: 1637: 1619: 1612: 1604: 1587: 1571: 1569: 1550: 1545: 1539: 1532: 1522: 1516: 1504:Mikhail Ryba 1487: 1484: 1450: 1446: 1436: 1433: 1427: 1420: 1415: 1375: 1373: 1358: 1354:Leonid Kogan 1345: 1343: 1337: 1334: 1329: 1322: 1301: 1251: 1237: 1214: 1212: 1204: 1200: 1163: 1151:Kara Karayev 1148: 1144: 1135: 1123: 1101: 1086: 1077:Yuri Levitin 1068: 1064:Eddie Rosner 1041: 1020: 1010: 1003: 995: 955: 950: 930: 850: 826: 820: 817: 812: 797: 786: 773: 751:Philadelphia 740: 730: 720: 706: 677: 661: 645: 626: 588: 555: 517: 501: 496: 486: 484: 479: 475: 467: 465: 421: 414: 399:Leonid Kogan 340: 313: 301: 298:World War II 290:Philadelphia 257: 256: 119:Notable work 74:(1996-02-26) 18: 6646:Soviet Jews 6516:1996 deaths 6511:1919 births 6132:January 11, 6086:January 12, 6028:January 10, 5917:January 12, 5884:January 11, 5784:January 12, 5695:January 10, 5685:BelCanto.ru 5579:(booklet). 5560:(booklet). 4598:(booklet). 4579:(booklet). 4234:January 25, 4203:January 25, 3939:Mark Ermler 3933:(booklet). 2771:'Vainberg'. 2563:perestroika 2522: [ 2491:Leib Kvitko 2416:Béla Bartók 2366: 1942 2266: [ 2243:Emil Gilels 2180: [ 2154:vocabulary. 2093: [ 2069: [ 1990: [ 1931: [ 1912: [ 1897: [ 1864:Final years 1854: [ 1788: [ 1697: [ 1648: [ 1597: [ 1507: [ 1496: [ 1471: [ 1460: [ 1441:, starring 1365:Miron Vovsi 1315: [ 1288: [ 1283:informant, 1273: [ 1191:Lev Knipper 1107: [ 918: [ 907: [ 896: [ 885: [ 878:Eta Tyrmand 821:Danke schön 804:Polish Army 711: [ 699: [ 636: [ 614: [ 561: [ 551: 1941 540: [ 427: [ 413:'s cartoon 346: [ 204: [ 110:Citizenship 92: [ 6505:Categories 6263:In Russian 6157:August 26, 5087:August 27, 5017:August 26, 4224:Mediamusic 2764:January 5, 2650:January 5, 2638:. Warsaw: 2636:Culture.pl 2574:References 2361:(pictured 2348:Influences 2272:, and the 2236:Ilya Musin 2220:song cycle 2124:Work ethic 2054:The Gospel 1438:Tiger Girl 1012:répétiteur 790:Café Adria 771:Café Adria 489:(Russian: 480:Mieczysław 322:, then in 53:1919-12-08 6434:The Idiot 6237:In Polish 6173:In German 6043:ArtLib.ru 5739:New Haven 2917:ArtLib.ru 2618:Citations 2474:pizzicato 2450:Reception 2338:Holocaust 2161:Moniuszko 1996:, then a 1823:Auschwitz 1614:Petrushka 1589:Pinocchio 1308:Politburo 1244:Politburo 978:Uzbek SSR 799:Wehrmacht 796:that the 647:composer. 523:Biography 512:Mechislav 303:Wehrmacht 6490:Category 6464:Symphony 6022:Archived 5733:(2016). 5707:(2019). 5689:Archived 5011:Archived 4228:Archived 4197:Archived 2758:Archived 2557:glasnost 2202:Overview 1682:sonorism 992:Tashkent 974:Tashkent 866:Luninets 829:Red Army 573:Kishinev 504:Мечислав 449:and the 324:Tashkent 210:(father) 186:Children 60:Warsaw, 6453:Requiem 5646:Sources 2384:celesta 2330:fascism 2228:Acacias 2216:Acacias 1656:Dilijan 1645:Muzfond 1132:Postwar 976:in the 860:, then 847:in 2010 742:Islamey 603:Ukraine 581:Moldova 194:Parents 179: 171: 159: 147: 143: 130:Spouses 6473:(1991) 6456:(1997) 6437:(1985) 6429:(1980) 6421:(1975) 6413:(1975) 6405:(1971) 6397:(1970) 6389:(1968) 6378:Operas 6251: 6225: 6206: 6187: 5997: 5944: 5853:Muzyka 5805: 5749: 5719: 5665: 4982: 4543: 2550:, and 2497:, and 2438:, and 2324:Themes 2300:, and 2060:, and 1941:, and 1324:Pravda 1185:, and 1157:, and 1138:Allied 891:, and 864:, and 690:, and 595:Odessa 558:Szmuel 405:, and 385:, the 354:Stalin 248:(1994) 242:(1990) 236:(1980) 230:(1971) 221:Awards 62:Poland 6116:[ 6099:[ 6070:[ 6016:[ 5989:[ 5901:[ 5868:[ 5847:[ 5797:[ 5768:[ 5093:GITIS 5081:(PDF) 5066:(PDF) 2597:1918. 2579:Notes 2526:] 2270:] 2191:Music 2184:] 2101:] 2073:] 2048:Death 1994:] 1935:] 1916:] 1901:] 1858:] 1792:] 1701:] 1652:] 1601:] 1511:] 1500:] 1493:Sobol 1475:] 1464:] 1321:" in 1319:] 1292:] 1277:] 1111:] 1052:GOSET 922:] 911:] 900:] 889:] 862:Pinsk 858:Brest 854:Minsk 715:] 703:] 640:] 618:] 565:] 544:] 528:Youth 431:] 350:] 316:Minsk 208:] 173:( 169: 149:( 145: 96:] 6293:IMDb 6249:ISBN 6223:ISBN 6204:ISBN 6185:ISBN 6159:2024 6134:2024 6088:2024 6055:2023 6030:2024 5995:ISBN 5975:2023 5942:ISBN 5919:2024 5886:2024 5836:2023 5803:ISBN 5786:2024 5747:ISBN 5717:ISBN 5697:2024 5663:ISBN 5089:2024 5019:2024 4980:ISBN 4541:ISBN 4236:2024 4205:2024 2931:2023 2766:2024 2652:2024 2560:and 2509:and 2173:CPSU 1838:and 1664:Ruza 1635:Ruza 1466:and 1173:led 1023:, a 984:and 843:The 735:and 629:Wola 607:Łódź 437:and 376:and 155:div. 69:Died 43:Born 6291:at 6122:598 6076:275 5907:650 5874:503 5774:285 1729:'s 1611:'s 1586:'s 1578:by 1544:'s 1531:'s 1371:". 1281:MVD 749:in 739:'s 729:'s 590:née 366:MVD 288:in 6507:: 5940:. 5930:. 5745:. 5741:: 5737:. 5661:. 5657:. 5593:^ 5583:. 5536:^ 5495:^ 5276:^ 5125:^ 5068:. 5021:. 4883:^ 4836:^ 4819:^ 4774:^ 4757:^ 4738:^ 4687:^ 4672:^ 4657:^ 4612:^ 4602:. 4555:^ 4501:^ 4414:^ 4359:^ 4320:^ 4271:^ 4256:^ 4119:^ 4090:^ 4073:^ 3998:^ 3983:^ 3937:, 3837:^ 3822:^ 3793:^ 3740:^ 3687:^ 3648:^ 3597:^ 3510:^ 3495:^ 3478:^ 3451:^ 3424:^ 3385:^ 3356:^ 3315:^ 3274:^ 3247:^ 3124:^ 3107:^ 3092:^ 3077:^ 3062:^ 2999:^ 2980:^ 2951:^ 2915:. 2896:. 2873:^ 2846:^ 2819:^ 2778:^ 2768:. 2756:. 2752:. 2728:^ 2687:^ 2660:^ 2634:. 2587:^ 2546:, 2524:ru 2493:, 2434:, 2430:, 2422:, 2418:, 2363:c. 2312:. 2296:, 2292:, 2288:, 2268:ru 2261:, 2238:. 2182:ru 2175:. 2099:ru 2097:; 2095:de 2075:. 2071:ru 1992:pl 1985:. 1937:, 1933:uk 1926:, 1922:, 1918:, 1914:de 1907:, 1899:ru 1888:, 1856:ru 1790:ru 1699:pl 1688:. 1658:, 1650:ru 1617:. 1599:ru 1521:, 1509:ru 1498:ru 1473:ru 1462:ru 1317:ru 1290:ru 1275:ru 1181:, 1153:, 1109:ru 988:. 947:: 920:ru 909:be 898:pl 887:be 880:, 810:. 776:c. 713:pl 705:, 701:pl 686:, 638:pl 624:. 616:ru 597:, 575:, 563:ru 548:c. 546:, 542:pl 506:, 429:ru 401:, 397:, 393:, 389:, 348:ru 311:. 206:ru 175:m. 151:m. 94:ru 6354:e 6347:t 6340:v 6257:. 6231:. 6212:. 6193:. 6161:. 6136:. 6090:. 6057:. 6032:. 6003:. 5977:. 5950:. 5921:. 5888:. 5855:. 5838:. 5811:. 5788:. 5755:. 5725:. 5699:. 5671:. 5139:. 5095:. 5074:1 4988:. 4897:. 4628:. 4549:. 4291:. 4238:. 4207:. 2994:. 2933:. 2900:. 2856:. 2829:. 2654:. 2368:) 819:" 781:) 774:( 189:2 55:) 51:(

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Knowledge

Mieczysław Weinberg

Index