37:
54:
296:. On the one hand, some argue that it is prohibited to re-establish a marriage with a previous spouse who has subsequently remarried. On the other hand, other commentators explain that David had not divorced Michal at this point in time, but rather Saul acted to break their marriage by marrying her off to another without David's consent. On that view, they were not technically divorced as David had not issued a
686:
316:, which mention "the five sons of Michal the daughter of Saul." The justification for the NIV's textual rendering (see also ESV, NASB, and NRSV) is surely found in the completion of the clause, which states "...whom she had borne to Adriel son of Barzillai the Meholathite." That it was Merab who married Adriel is attested without ambiguity (
328:). According to Gill, these five sons were not born to Michal but were brought up or educated by her after Merab perhaps had died; i.e., Merab brought them forth, and Michal brought them up. However, the Hebrew word, ילדה, which Gill understands to mean "brought up," everywhere else means "gave birth to."
323:
Gill attempted to resolve the conundrum presented by many Hebrew manuscripts' use of Michal, rather than Merab, by translating 2 Samuel 21:8 as "the five sons of Michal the daughter of Saul, whom she brought up for Adriel the son of
Barzillai the Meholathite". Now, Merab, Michal's older sister, was
592:
Though the Book of
Deuteronomy attributes itself to the period of the Hebrews' Exodus from Egypt, many historians regard it as having been actually written during the late monarchy. David's appearing to be oblivious to the prohibition laid down in it seems additional evidence in support of such
261:
observes that by stressing that he had paid the requested bride price, David makes a legal argument as a political calculation to reinforce his legitimacy as a member of the royal house. Alter notes the contrast between David's measured negotiations and Palti's public grief.
225:
In the biblical narrative, Michal chooses the welfare of David over the wishes of her father. When Saul's messengers search for David in order to kill him, Michal sends them away while pretending he was ill and laid up in bed. She lets David down through a window and hides
463:, David is "pleased ... to become the king’s son-in-law" but we are not told whether he was pleased to have married Michal. See Cohen, M., "The Transparency of Saul",
230:
in his bed as a ruse. J. Cheryl Exum points out that although she risked her life in helping him, after he leaves the court, he makes no attempt to contact her.
368:
222:
of 100 Philistines. David took part in a further battle, killed 200 Philistines, and brought their foreskins to Saul as a double bride price.
273:
in a religious procession. For this she is punished, according to Samuel, with not having children till the day she dies. Unlike
Abigail and
467:, volume 39, no. 1, 2006, for a comparison of the transparent presentation of Saul and the opaqueness of David's character in 1 Samuel.
446:
214:, Saul invited David to marry Michal. David replied, "I am a poor and lightly esteemed man", meaning that he was unable to provide a
624:
360:
draws a parallel between the speaker and Michal: "Like you I am sad, O Michal ... and like you doomed to love a man whom I despise."
199:
that Michal loved David. The narrative does not indicate whether this is reciprocated. After David's success in battle against the
721:
716:
257:, David demanded her return to him in return for peace between them. Ish-bosheth complied, despite the public protests of Palti.
666:
59:
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169:
149:
533:
325:
317:
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277:, Michal is not described as being beautiful, though Rabbinic tradition holds that she was of "entrancing beauty."
320:); it is extraordinarily difficult to argue that Michal might have borne five sons to her sister's husband.
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After Michal was returned to David, she criticised him for dancing in an undignified manner, as he brought the
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These events have raised moral issues within
Judaism, especially in the context of the prohibition in
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76:. In 1 Samuel 19, Michal helps David escape from Saul by letting him down through a window (
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Some have argued that it is unclear whether Michal died barren and childless, as stated in
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429:", which is also a local form of "Michael". In Spanish the spelling is Mijal.
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Although possessing an identical or almost identical spelling when using the
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661:(in German, English, and French). Biel: Jewish Museum of Switzerland. 2022.
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218:. Saul then advised him that no bride price was required except for the
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and younger daughter as Michal. Michal's story is recorded in the first
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While David was hiding for his life, Saul gave Michal as a wife to
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604:"Bible Gateway passage: 2 Samuel 21 - New International Version"
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387:"Michal" is a very common female first name in contemporary
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Die unglückselige
Princessin Michal und der verfolgte David
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102:
312:, or had children, as described in most manuscripts of
417:" (popular male given names) are the local forms of "
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421:" rather than of "Michal". This can be compared to
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394:"Micol" is an Italian variant of the given name.
331:
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363:Michal is a featured character in the novel
522:"Characterization and the Art of Reticence"
444:Ellen White, "Michal the Misinterpreted,"
207:, Merab was given in marriage to Adriel.
253:(Michal's brother, and Saul's son) was
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475:
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519:
131:
570:
528:. London: George Allen & Unwin.
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280:Michal is also briefly mentioned in
183:identifies Saul's elder daughter as
659:What's in a Name? 25 Jewish Stories
622:John Gill commentary on 2 Samuel 21
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164:), who later became king, first of
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352:In her poem "Michal", in her book
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717:11th-century BCE Hebrew people
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144:) was, according to the first
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526:The Art of Biblical Narrative
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300:according to biblical law.
156:, she was the first wife of
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582:– via philologos.org.
288:Legality of second marriage
245:. Later, when David became
68:The narrative of Michal in
10:
768:
641:"The Secret Book of Kings"
152:; the younger daughter of
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645:The Secret Book of Kings
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365:The Secret Book of Kings
150:United Kingdom of Israel
580:The Legends of the Jews
21:Michal (disambiguation)
16:Old Testament character
520:Alter, Robert (1981).
485:Jewish Women's Archive
269:to the newly captured
212:Adriel the Meholathite
191:, where it is said in
712:10th-century BC women
707:11th-century BC women
576:"The Family of David"
339:Georg Christian Lehms
693:at Wikimedia Commons
324:the wife of Adriel (
148:, a princess of the
19:For other uses, see
356:, the Israeli poet
298:writ of divorcement
267:Ark of the Covenant
239:several other wives
235:Palti, son of Laish
752:Daughters of kings
737:Ancient princesses
627:2011-08-07 at the
354:Flowers of Perhaps
294:Deuteronomy 24:1–4
282:1 Chronicles 15:29
60:Francesco Salviati
689:Media related to
668:978-3-907262-34-4
498:1 Samuel 25:43–44
409:"Michal" and the
237:, and David took
162:1 Samuel 18:20–27
29:Two window scenes
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43:Gustave Doré
372: [
251:Ish-bosheth
216:bride price
701:Categories
425:spelling "
345:the novel
201:Philistine
593:theories.
337:In 1707,
304:Offspring
275:Bathsheba
271:Jerusalem
220:foreskins
154:King Saul
62:(c. 1553)
625:Archived
228:teraphim
419:Michael
343:Hanover
243:Abigail
205:Goliath
691:Michal
665:
532:
427:Michel
423:French
415:Michał
401:, the
389:Israel
203:giant
170:Israel
130:
124:Hebrew
91:Michal
82:bottom
70:Samuel
45:(1865)
433:Notes
403:Czech
376:]
367:, by
197:18:28
185:Merab
166:Judah
158:David
142:Μιχάλ
138:Greek
663:ISBN
620:See
530:ISBN
447:JSOT
405:and
249:and
195:and
128:מיכל
459:In
78:top
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