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1003:"The Windows Suite" is a permanent installation consisting of 32 varied sequences of images, which are presented on 65" plasma screens in 7 of the windows of the façade of the Toronto Pantages Hotel and Spa and related condo buildings facing Victoria Street in central Toronto. Some of these sequences one might possibly glimpse in the windows of a sophisticated hotel, condo, spa and parking garage building, but many sequences are "impossible," e.g. in one sequence fish swim from window to window. This installation was opened as an official event of the Toronto International Film Festival September 2006.
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338:, where they remained for nearly a decade. For Snow this move resulted in a proliferation of creative ideas and connections and his work increasingly gained recognition. He returned to Canada in the early 1970s "an established figure, multiply defined as a visual artist, a filmmaker, and a musician."
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and elsewhere, with thousands of words of pseudo-scholarly supplementary notes, but was, in fact, a series of multi-tracked recordings of Snow himself, who gave the joke away only in a single column of text in the disc's gatefold jacket, printed backwards and readable in a mirror. One track,
360:, whom he married in 1956. The couple moved to New York City in 1963, but they moved back to Toronto about a decade later and divorced in 1976. In 1990, he married curator and writer Peggy Gale, and they had one son. He was the uncle of filmmaker and video artist
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and was promoted to
Companion in 2007 "for his contributions to international visual arts as one of Canada’s greatest multidisciplinary contemporary artists". In 2000 he was one of the seven first winners of the Governor General’s Award in Visual and Media Arts.
691:, Téléfilm Canada and Montreal’s Époxy. It is an encyclopedia of Snow's works across media, browsed in a manner inimitably and artfully created by Snow. Its 4,685 entries include film clips, sculpture, photographs, audio and musical clips, and interviews.
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describes this work as employing a single form that offered an infinite number of creative possibilities, the figure itself perceived variably as "a positive (a presence to be looked at) and a negative (an absence to be looked through)." His 1962 work
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Langford identifies duality as a guiding principle in Snow’s work. By combining materials and methods Snow creates hybrid objects that often defy classification. A work which exemplifies Snow's testing of stylistic boundaries is his 1979 installation
388:, and his films in general, speaks of the impact of Snow's films, placing viewers in a "position to more fully understand the particular impact of Snow's filmic work from 1967 on, to discern the reasons for the large consensus given" to
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and The Power Plant. Concurrently his works were the subjects of four books published by Alfred A. Knopf Canada. Snow has shown internationally in both galleries and cinemas, including a retrospective of his work at the
408:, as a celebration of the 'apparatus' and a confirmation of the status of the subject, and it is in those terms that we may begin to comprehend the profound effect it had upon the broadest spectrum of viewers...."
518:. As a pianist, he has performed solo and with other musicians in North America, Europe and Japan. Snow performed regularly in Canada and internationally, often with the improvisational music ensemble
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affirmed the artist's right to the integrity of their work. The operator of the
Toronto Eaton Centre was found liable for violating Michael Snow's moral rights by putting Christmas bows on the work.
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in
Toronto) is a collection of larger than life depictions of fans located above the northeast and northwest entrances. Painted gold, the sculptures show fans in various acts of celebration.
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stadium in
Toronto. This photo only shows half of the art installation. The other set is located above the north east corner of the building, and is of similar size and configuration.
294:(December 10, 1928 – January 5, 2023) was a Canadian artist who worked in a range of media including film, installation, sculpture, photography, and music. His best-known films are
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consisted of a grid of photographs of the
Walking Woman placed in Toronto streets and subway stations, inviting the viewer to consider how public space transforms the sculpture.
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in
Toronto throughout the 1960s, becoming even more involved with the gallery upon his return to Toronto in 1971. In the early 1960s Snow moved to New York with his wife, artist
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internationally. Film scholar Scott MacDonald says of Snow that "ew filmmakers have had as large an impact on the recent avant-garde film scene as
Canadian Michael Snow, whose
754:. In 2006, Lima's Museum of Art (MALI) held a selective retrospective exhibition as well as a screening of his films in Peru, as part of the Vide/Art/Electronic Festival.
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Jim
Shedden, ed. Presence and Absence: The Films of Michael Snow 1956–1991, The Michael Snow Project. Toronto: Art Gallery of Ontario, Alfred A. Knopf Canada, 1995.
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In 1993, The
Michael Snow Project, lasting several months, was a multivenue retrospective of Snow’s works in Toronto exhibited at several public venues and at the
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mall, which looks like a sculptural representation of sixty geese, but is in fact an intricate combination of fibreglass forms and photographs of a single goose.
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His work has appeared at exhibitions across Europe, North
America and South America. Snow's works were included in the shows marking the reopening of both the
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describes Michael Snow as "one of the most significant artists in contemporary art and cinema of the past 50 years." This 2002 DVD was initiated by Paris’
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Visiting Artist/Professor at MAPS (Master of Art in Public Sphere), Ecole Cantonale d’Art du Valais, Sierre, Switzerland (February 2005, January 2006)
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Before Snow moved to New York in 1963, he began a long-term project that for six years would be his trademark: the Walking Woman. Martha Langford in
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Michael Snow, ed. 1948–1993: Music/Sound, The Michael Snow Project. Toronto: Art Gallery of Ontario, The Power Plant, Alfred A. Knopf Canada, 1993.
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Originally a professional jazz musician, Snow has a long-standing interest in improvised music, as indicated by the soundtrack to his film
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in flight hanging over the main section of the mall. In 1982, the installation was the subject of a leading Canadian court decision on
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P. Adams Sitney. "Michael Snow’s Cinema," in Michael Snow /A Survey: 79–84. Toronto: Art Gallery of Ontario in collaboration with the
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673:(2004) was published in Brussels by La Lettre vole. It consists of images of the public appearances of his globally famous icon.
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735:). The project, titled 'Yes Snow Show', took place in 2009 and was co-curated by Elisabetta Fabrizi and Chris Meigh-Andrew.
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In 1982, Snow sued the corporate owner of the Toronto Eaton Centre for violating his moral rights by altering
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writes that Snow's films are "igorously predicated on irreducible cinematic facts Snow's structuralist epics—
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Visiting Artist/Professor at L’école Nationale Supérieure d’Art de Bourges, France. (December 2004, May 2005)
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Snow's films have premiered in film festivals worldwide and five of his films have premiered at the
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In the background you can see multiple stadium sculptures on the eastern side of Skydome
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and has released more than a half dozen albums since the mid-1970s. In 1987, Snow issued
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Annette Michelson. "Toward Snow: Part 1." Artforum, Vol. 9, no. 19 (June 1971): 30–37.
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purported to be a document of a coming-of-age ritual from Niger, is a pastiche of
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heralds the advent of the next. Whatever it is, it cannot be too highly praised."
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Visiting Artist/Professor, École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts, Paris, 2001
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Interior of the Eaton Centre showing one of Michael Snow's best known sculptures
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when it was honoured with the Grand Prize at the 1967 Experimental Film Festival
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for Independent/Experimental Film and Video Award for "*Corpus Callosum", 2002
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Michael Snow, A to Z, 1956 officially posted by Art Canada Institute on Vimeo
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Visiting Professor, l'Ecole Nationale de la Photographie, Arles France, 1996
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Grand Pix of the Knokke Experimental Film Festival for "Wavelength", 1967
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Snow died from pneumonia in Toronto on January 5, 2023, at the age of 94.
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for Independent/Experimental Film and Video Award for "So Is This", 1983
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CCMC artists in residence, La Chartreuse, Avignon Festival, France, 1981
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1328:"Michael Snow, Prolific and Playful Artistic Polymath, Is Dead at 94"
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Snow's works have been in Canadian pavilion at world fairs since his
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486:— the imminent passing of the film era. Rich with new possibilities,
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of all time. Annette Michelson, in writing about Snow, his 1967 film
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1897:"Governor General Announces New Appointments to the Order of Canada"
1144:"Rameau's Nephew" by Diderot (Thanx to Dennis Young) by Wilma Schoen
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and was produced with the support of la foundation Daniel Langlois,
330:. He had his first solo exhibition in 1957. Snow exhibited with the
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in 1970; this was the first solo exhibition held at the Biennale's
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in New York in 2005. In March 2006, his works were included in the
1694:"An afternoon with Michael Snow and Jesse Stewart @ Record Centre"
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awarded him an honorary doctorate. The last artist so awarded was
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BIOGRAPHIE of the Walking Woman / de la femme qui marche 1961-1967
2122:"Canadian contemporary artist Michael Snow is still going strong"
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502:'s Douglas Edwards Experimental/Independent Film/Video Award for
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Visiting Artist/Professor, le Fresnoy, Tourcoing France, 1997-8
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1994:
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is probably the most frequently discussed 'structural' film."
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Digital Snow DVD-Rom: Now on the Web (fondation-langlois.org)
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Fabrizi, Elisabetta 'The BFI Gallery Book', BFI, London 2011.
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Michael Snow's sculpture 'Red, Orange and Green' (1992) at
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critics' list of the 100 Best Films of the 20th Century .
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Honorary Doctorate, Université de Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne
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Chevalier de l'ordre des arts et des lettres, France, 1995
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Governor General's Award in Visual and Media Arts winners
2012:
Photography in Canada, 1839–1989: An Illustrated History.
1643:"Recto/Verso: Michael Snow on the page and on the record"
1555:"28th Annual Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards"
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sculpture adorning the facade on the northwest corner of
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has been designated and preserved as a masterwork by the
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Photography in Canada, 1839–1989: An Illustrated History
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WVLNT ("Wavelength For Those Who Don't Have the Time")
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in Montréal. He was chosen to represent Canada at the
451:, to make a series of short films collectively titled
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Honorary Doctorate, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi
443:(TIFF). In 2000, TIFF commissioned Snow, along with
306:(1971), with the former regarded as a milestone in
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1923:Governor General's Awards in Visual and Media Arts
1464:"Michael Snow, Canadian artist artist dies at 95"
1446:Jay Stone, "Director brings her vision to town".
1396:. Art Canada Institute. p. 6. Archived from
904:Governor General’s Award in Visual and Media Arts
875:Professor of Advanced Film, Yale University, 1970
762:Université de Paris I, Panthéon-Sorbonne (2004),
260:Governor General's Award in Visual and Media Arts
254:Chevalier d'ordre des Arts et des Lettres, France
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1972:. Royal Canadian Academy of Arts. Archived from
1668:"Michael Snow – a Retrospective – The Ontarion"
1359:
380:Snow is considered one of the most influential
2359:Emily Carr University of Art and Design alumni
872:Visiting Professor, Princeton University, 1988
2369:Members of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts
2160:
1180:To Lavoisier, Who Died in the Reign of Terror
694:
455:, for the 25th Anniversary of the festival.
970:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
824:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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1298:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
913:Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award
895:Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award
2314:Canadian expatriates in the United States
990:Learn how and when to remove this message
844:Learn how and when to remove this message
428:Audio-Visual Preservation Trust of Canada
2140:Michael Snow, Canadian artist dies at 95
2065:Michael Snow, Union List of Artist Names
1944:"Michael Snow wins $ 40K Iskowitz Prize"
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1360:Bassnett, Sarah; Parsons, Sarah (2023).
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748:Université de Paris I, Panthéon-Sorbonne
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2047:. Toronto: Art Canada Institute, 2014.
1962:
1746:"Steve Reich interview- Pendulum Music"
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738:In 1981, he was made an Officer of the
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1266:Martha, Langford (December 31, 2023).
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2088:Article at thecanadianencyclopedia.ca
2015:Toronto: Art Canada Institute, 2023.
1124:Side Seat Paintings Slides Sound Film
768:Nova Scotia College of Art and Design
318:Michael James Aleck Snow was born in
2120:Kelly, Deirdre (September 9, 2019).
1559:Los Angeles Film Critics Association
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968:adding citations to reliable sources
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822:adding citations to reliable sources
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500:Los Angeles Film Critics Association
356:Snow's first wife was fellow artist
322:on December 10, 1928. He studied at
2108:Film Studies For Free: Michael Snow
1588:
1268:Michael Snow : life & work
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441:Toronto International Film Festival
13:
2269:21st-century Canadian male artists
2254:20th-century Canadian male artists
2116:, Daniel Langlois Foundation, 2021
1508:Vol. 39, No. 1 (Autumn, 1985): 34.
1462:Arinola, Lawal (January 6, 2023).
900:Queen’s Golden Jubilee Medal, 2002
14:
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2349:Companions of the Order of Canada
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2009:Bassnett, Sarah; Parsons, Sarah.
1743:
1366:. Toronto: Art Canada Institute.
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412:has been the subject of numerous
2354:Deaths from pneumonia in Ontario
2309:Canadian experimental filmmakers
1537:"100 Best Films - Village Voice"
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578:Whitney Museum of American Art
430:and was named #85 in the 2001
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2299:Canadian contemporary artists
2044:Michael Snow: Life & Work
1854:Michael Snow: Life & Work
1827:Michael Snow: Life & Work
1800:Michael Snow: Life & Work
1773:Michael Snow: Life & Work
1618:Michael Snow: Life & Work
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1026:Snow v. The Eaton Centre Ltd.
648:Ontario High Court of Justice
606:Michael Snow: Life & Work
1070:New York Eye and Ear Control
516:New York Eye and Ear Control
7:
2374:Upper Canada College alumni
2329:Canadian multimedia artists
2294:Canadian conceptual artists
1491:Vol. 8 (Spring, 1979): 118.
1390:Michael Snow: Life and Work
1150:Breakfast (Table Top Dolly)
1015:a collection of life sized
918:Guggenheim Fellowship, 1972
657:sculpture was exhibited at
464:review of Snow's 2002 film
18:Canadian artist (1928–2023)
10:
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2003:
1901:Governor General of Canada
695:Retrospectives and honours
248:Companion, Order of Canada
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1851:Martha, Langford (2014).
1824:Langford, Martha (2014).
1797:Langford, Martha (2014).
1770:Langford, Martha (2014).
1647:mag.magentafoundation.org
1615:Martha, Langford (2014).
1595:The Canadian Encyclopedia
1387:Langford, Martha (2014).
345:in Paris in 2000 and the
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2289:Canadian collage artists
2099:The Michael Snow Dossier
1919:"GGArts Winner Archives"
1877:(1982), 70 CPR (2d) 105.
1857:. Art Canada Institute.
1830:. Art Canada Institute.
1803:. Art Canada Institute.
1776:. Art Canada Institute.
1621:. Art Canada Institute.
1487:Michelson, "About Snow"
1138:Two Sides to Every Story
717:Rogers Building (Canada)
677:Anarchive2: Digital Snow
538:, India, China, Brazil,
509:
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283:Michael James Aleck Snow
242:Officer, Order of Canada
94:Toronto, Ontario, Canada
58:Michael James Aleck Snow
2324:Canadian male sculptors
1579:"for his body of work".
1222:(2004), with Carl Brown
687:, Heritage Canada, the
644:Snow v Eaton Centre Ltd
642:. In the landmark case
576:on May 27, 1969 at the
382:experimental filmmakers
370:
313:
2344:Canadian video artists
2334:Canadian photographers
2319:Canadian male painters
2279:21st-century sculptors
2264:20th-century sculptors
1561:. 2002. Archived from
1525:on September 27, 2007.
1096:One Second in Montreal
1059:
1034:(1989) - SkyDome (now
889:Gershon Iskowitz Prize
776:University of Victoria
729:British Film Institute
724:Art Gallery of Ontario
719:
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328:Ontario College of Art
275:2016
269:2004
263:2000
257:1995
251:1997
245:1981
104:Ontario College of Art
1519:"Academia Vita Trust"
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786:Academic appointments
772:University of Toronto
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702:
591:
2284:Artists from Toronto
1970:"Members since 1880"
1403:on December 27, 2015
1013:Toronto Eaton Centre
964:improve this section
818:improve this section
764:Emily Carr Institute
494:was screened at the
324:Upper Canada College
197: 1956;
116:, filmmaker, painter
2095:at Northernstars.ca
1907:on January 1, 2008.
1700:. November 30, 2017
1672:www.theontarion.com
1325:(January 6, 2023).
932:Major installations
766:, Vancouver (2004)
685:Université de Paris
114:Installation artist
2339:Canadian sculptors
2205:La RĂ©gion Centrale
2175:Films directed by
1543:on March 31, 2014.
1500:Scott MacDonald, "
1334:The New York Times
1238:Puccini Conservato
1131:La RĂ©gion Centrale
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770:, Halifax (1990),
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631:work in Toronto's
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483:La RĂ©gion Centrale
308:avant-garde cinema
303:La RĂ©gion Centrale
142:La RĂ©gion Centrale
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2053:978-1-4871-0002-5
2041:Martha Langford.
2021:978-1-4871-0309-5
1864:978-1-4871-0004-9
1837:978-1-4871-0004-9
1810:978-1-4871-0004-9
1783:978-1-4871-0004-9
1628:978-1-4871-0004-9
1565:on August 4, 2012
1504:by Michael Snow"
1452:, March 24, 2000.
1373:978-1-4871-0309-5
1277:978-1-4871-0004-9
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681:Centre Pompidou
669:. His bookwork
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596:, which depict
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549:How Will I Know
545:Whitney Houston
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1991:
1980:September 11,
1975:
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1965:
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1174:See You Later
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1088:
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949:This section
947:
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803:This section
801:
797:
792:
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783:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
755:
753:
752:Pablo Picasso
749:
746:In 2004, the
744:
741:
736:
734:
730:
725:
718:
713:
706:
705:Rogers Centre
701:
692:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
655:Walking Women
651:
649:
645:
641:
636:
634:
630:
629:site-specific
626:
623:(also titled
622:
621:
614:
612:
607:
599:
595:
590:
581:
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575:
574:
569:
565:
561:
557:
556:Richard Serra
552:
550:
546:
541:
537:
533:
529:
528:Art Metropole
525:
521:
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501:
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489:
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479:
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469:
468:
463:
462:
461:Village Voice
456:
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433:Village Voice
429:
425:
421:
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358:Joyce Wieland
354:
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336:Joyce Wieland
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183:Joyce Wieland
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2195:
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2177:Michael Snow
2176:
2129:. Retrieved
2125:
2102:
2093:Michael Snow
2079:Michael Snow
2070:Michael Snow
2042:
2010:
1990:
1978:. Retrieved
1974:the original
1964:
1952:. Retrieved
1947:
1938:
1926:. Retrieved
1922:
1913:
1905:the original
1900:
1891:
1882:
1873:
1853:
1846:
1826:
1819:
1799:
1792:
1772:
1765:
1753:. Retrieved
1749:
1739:
1727:. Retrieved
1724:www.moma.org
1723:
1714:
1702:. Retrieved
1698:Bytown Sound
1697:
1688:
1676:. Retrieved
1671:
1662:
1650:. Retrieved
1646:
1637:
1617:
1610:
1598:. Retrieved
1594:
1584:
1567:. Retrieved
1563:the original
1549:
1541:the original
1531:
1523:the original
1513:
1505:
1501:
1496:
1488:
1483:
1471:. Retrieved
1467:
1457:
1447:
1442:
1430:. Retrieved
1426:
1417:
1405:. Retrieved
1398:the original
1389:
1382:
1362:
1338:. Retrieved
1332:
1323:Hoberman, J.
1267:
1261:
1243:
1237:
1231:
1225:
1219:
1213:
1205:
1200:Solar Breath
1199:
1193:
1185:
1179:
1173:
1167:
1161:
1155:
1149:
1143:
1137:
1129:
1123:
1117:
1113:<---->
1111:
1101:
1095:
1089:
1081:
1075:
1069:
1063:
1052:The Audience
1051:
1032:The Audience
1031:
1024:
1021:moral rights
1017:Canada geese
1006:
986:
980:January 2023
977:
962:Please help
950:
883:Other awards
840:
834:January 2023
831:
816:Please help
804:
761:
745:
737:
721:
676:
675:
670:
654:
652:
639:
637:
633:Eaton Centre
624:
618:
615:
611:Four to Five
610:
605:
603:
598:Canada geese
593:
571:
566:, performed
564:Bruce Nauman
560:James Tenney
553:
523:
515:
513:
503:
491:
487:
481:
475:
465:
459:
457:
452:
438:
431:
423:
422:
417:
409:
405:
404:, and that "
393:
389:
385:
379:
366:
355:
340:
317:
301:
295:
282:
281:
154:
147:
140:
135:<---->
133:
126:
122:Notable work
89:(2023-01-05)
48:Snow in 2007
25:Michael Snow
15:
2249:2023 deaths
2244:1928 births
2131:October 19,
1928:January 11,
1569:January 24,
1407:October 27,
1232:Reverberlin
1076:Short Shave
1043:Filmography
1008:Flight Stop
733:BFI Gallery
640:Flight Stop
620:Flight Stop
594:Flight Stop
584:Other media
568:Steve Reich
554:Snow, with
524:The Last LP
472:J. Hoberman
445:Atom Egoyan
300:(1967) and
149:Flight Stop
2238:Categories
2189:Wavelength
1720:"MoMA.org"
1575:Tied with
1502:So Is This
1473:January 6,
1468:SNBC13.com
1432:January 6,
1340:January 6,
1253:References
1226:SSHTOORRTY
1162:So Is This
1083:Wavelength
625:Flightstop
600:in flight.
477:Wavelength
424:Wavelength
418:Wavelength
410:Wavelength
406:Wavelength
394:EXPRMNTL 4
390:Wavelength
386:Wavelength
297:Wavelength
209:Peggy Gale
128:Wavelength
64:1928-12-10
2221:Cityscape
2103:Offscreen
1294:cite book
1286:870916868
1245:Cityscape
951:does not
805:does not
547:'s song "
362:Su Rynard
100:Education
1948:CBC News
1755:July 10,
1729:July 10,
1704:July 10,
1678:July 10,
1652:July 10,
1600:July 10,
1156:Presents
924:Member,
782:(1975).
778:(1997),
774:(1999),
453:Preludes
326:and the
230:Children
164:Movement
78:, Canada
2083:Discogs
2029:, 1970.
2004:Sources
1954:June 6,
1489:October
1187:Prelude
1108:, 1969)
972:removed
957:sources
826:removed
811:sources
659:Expo 67
540:Finland
496:Toronto
458:In his
402:Belgium
320:Toronto
221:
213:
203:
191:
187:
174:Spouses
76:Ontario
72:Toronto
2224:(2019)
2216:(2002)
2208:(1971)
2200:(1969)
2192:(1967)
2110:, 2009
2051:
2019:
1861:
1834:
1807:
1780:
1625:
1370:
1284:
1274:
1248:(2019)
1240:(2008)
1234:(2006)
1228:(2005)
1220:Triage
1216:(2003)
1210:(2002)
1202:(2002)
1196:(2000)
1190:(2000)
1182:(1991)
1176:(1990)
1170:(1988)
1164:(1982)
1158:(1981)
1152:(1976)
1146:(1974)
1134:(1971)
1126:(1970)
1120:(1969)
1104:(with
1098:(1969)
1092:(1967)
1086:(1967)
1078:(1965)
1072:(1964)
1066:(1956)
1064:A to Z
906:, 2000
891:, 2011
646:, the
398:Knokke
238:Awards
159:(2002)
152:(1979)
145:(1971)
138:(1969)
131:(1967)
1401:(PDF)
1394:(PDF)
627:), a
536:Syria
532:Tibet
510:Music
376:Films
289:
215:(
211:
193:(
189:
32:
2133:2019
2126:Nuvo
2074:IMDb
2049:ISBN
2017:ISBN
1982:2013
1956:2011
1930:2024
1859:ISBN
1832:ISBN
1805:ISBN
1778:ISBN
1757:2018
1731:2018
1706:2018
1680:2018
1654:2018
1623:ISBN
1602:2018
1571:2018
1475:2023
1434:2023
1409:2015
1368:ISBN
1342:2023
1300:link
1282:OCLC
1272:ISBN
955:any
953:cite
809:any
807:cite
562:and
520:CCMC
480:and
447:and
371:Work
347:MoMA
314:Life
199:div.
84:Died
54:Born
2101:at
2072:at
1116:or
966:by
820:by
570:'s
551:."
396:in
291:RCA
34:RCA
2240::
2124:.
1946:.
1921:.
1899:.
1748:.
1722:.
1696:.
1670:.
1645:.
1593:.
1557:.
1466:.
1425:.
1350:^
1331:.
1308:^
1296:}}
1292:{{
1280:.
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1011:-
580:.
558:,
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287:CC
217:m.
195:m.
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30:CC
2168:e
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2154:v
2135:.
1984:.
1958:.
1932:.
1867:.
1840:.
1813:.
1786:.
1759:.
1733:.
1708:.
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1656:.
1631:.
1604:.
1573:.
1477:.
1436:.
1411:.
1376:.
1344:.
1302:)
1288:.
993:)
987:(
982:)
978:(
974:.
960:.
847:)
841:(
836:)
832:(
828:.
814:.
707:.
526:(
233:1
66:)
62:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.