698:
155:
829:
210:, from the 13th century. They are also mentioned in several later Russian chronicles from the period before the 16th century, and even later, in one of the letters by
1055:
1041:
339:
206:
820:
487:
392:
416:
214:
written in the second half of the 16th century, where he claimed the language spoken in the
Meshchera region to be Mordvinic.
1211:
17:
480:
540:
145:
1221:
866:
442:
272:
1216:
1050:
473:
368:
1162:
945:
940:
634:
505:
982:
950:
651:
1075:
1070:
968:
534:
1157:
728:
1188:
1152:
1147:
1142:
894:
340:"The Linguistic Background of the Ancient Meshchera Tribe and Principal Areas of Settlement"
861:
389:
313:
8:
999:
889:
807:
194:
178:
91:
420:
927:
917:
856:
522:
1125:
1082:
697:
679:
663:
646:
641:
528:
351:
706:
1065:
935:
876:
629:
622:
607:
602:
513:
496:
298:
190:
182:
170:
95:
86:
788:
778:
555:
1093:
1087:
957:
909:
899:
838:
685:
585:
396:
231:
78:
1182:
1111:
1036:
1029:
1020:
1013:
1007:
962:
815:
673:
656:
572:
560:
545:
443:"The South-Eastern Contact Area of Finnic Languages in the Light of Onomastics"
248:
211:
747:
734:
722:
1205:
975:
884:
848:
668:
612:
592:
578:
565:
355:
198:
138:
752:
825:
550:
193:
or closely related language. Rahkonen's speculation has been criticized by
783:
773:
741:
617:
253:
174:
51:
793:
757:
390:
Mişerler, Başkurtlar ve dilleri / Mishers, Bashkirs and their languages
119:
61:
465:
227:
154:
276:
243:
223:
186:
41:
204:
The first
Russian written source which mentions them is the
222:
Some words have been reconstructed from
Meshchera based on
197:. Some Meshchera speaking people possibly assimilated into
450:
HELDA - Digital
Repository of the University of Helsinki
234:
uno 'big', ič́i 'little', vi̮l 'upper' and ulo 'lower'.
185:
language. Pauli
Rahkonen has suggested on the basis of
230:
stems un-, ič-, vil- and ul, which can be compared to
173:. It was spoken around the left bank of the Middle
1203:
299:"An essay on Saami ethnolinguistic prehistory"
481:
369:"Вопросы Владимиру Напольских-2. Uralistica"
417:"Коми народ / Финно-угры / Народы / Мещера"
488:
474:
153:
440:
337:
926:
275:. MultiTree. 2009-06-22. Archived from
14:
1204:
306:Mémoires de la Société Finno-Ougrienne
469:
296:
495:
333:
331:
201:. However this theory is disputed.
24:
1187:Languages between parentheses are
25:
1233:
328:
217:
696:
1191:of the language on their left.
434:
409:
401:Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi
382:
361:
290:
265:
13:
1:
344:Finnisch-Ugrische Forschungen
259:
226:data, for example: Meshchera
419:. 2014-06-20. Archived from
7:
1212:Extinct languages of Europe
237:
10:
1238:
1173:
1135:
1103:
998:
908:
875:
847:
806:
766:
714:
705:
694:
512:
503:
177:. Meshchera was either a
152:
136:
117:
112:
75:
67:
57:
47:
37:
32:
635:Siberian Ingrian Finnish
506:List of Uralic languages
441:Rahkonen, Pauli (2013).
338:Rahkonen, Pauli (2009),
189:evidence that it was a
27:Extinct Uralic language
312:. Helsinki, Finland:
541:Northeastern coastal
314:Finno-Ugrian Society
297:Aikio, Ante (2012).
18:Meshcherian language
195:Vladimir Napolskikh
1222:Medieval languages
523:Bjarmian languages
395:2014-04-08 at the
371:. Forum.molgen.org
1199:
1198:
1183:extinct languages
994:
993:
867:Northwestern Mari
802:
801:
164:
163:
71:13th-16th century
16:(Redirected from
1229:
1217:Uralic languages
1059:
1045:
924:
923:
833:
712:
711:
700:
623:Siberian Finnish
569:
497:Uralic languages
490:
483:
476:
467:
466:
461:
460:
458:
456:
447:
438:
432:
431:
429:
428:
413:
407:
406:
386:
380:
379:
377:
376:
365:
359:
358:
335:
326:
325:
323:
321:
303:
294:
288:
287:
285:
284:
279:on July 12, 2012
269:
207:Tolkovaya Paleya
157:
148:
131:
122:
81:
30:
29:
21:
1237:
1236:
1232:
1231:
1230:
1228:
1227:
1226:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1194:
1169:
1163:Proto-Samoyedic
1131:
1099:
1053:
1039:
990:
946:Southern Khanty
941:Northern Khanty
922:
904:
871:
843:
823:
821:Shoksha dialect
798:
762:
701:
692:
647:Karelian proper
563:
508:
499:
494:
464:
454:
452:
445:
439:
435:
426:
424:
415:
414:
410:
404:
397:Wayback Machine
387:
383:
374:
372:
367:
366:
362:
336:
329:
319:
317:
301:
295:
291:
282:
280:
271:
270:
266:
262:
249:Meryan language
240:
220:
171:Uralic language
160:
144:
141:
129:
118:
108:
82:
79:Language family
77:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1235:
1225:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1197:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1185:
1175:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1139:
1137:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1129:
1122:
1115:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1100:
1098:
1097:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1063:
1062:
1061:
1047:
1026:
1025:
1024:
1010:
1004:
1002:
996:
995:
992:
991:
989:
988:
987:
986:
983:Southern Mansi
979:
972:
965:
963:Northern Mansi
955:
954:
953:
951:Eastern Khanty
948:
943:
932:
930:
921:
920:
914:
912:
906:
905:
903:
902:
897:
892:
887:
881:
879:
873:
872:
870:
869:
864:
859:
853:
851:
845:
844:
842:
841:
836:
835:
834:
812:
810:
804:
803:
800:
799:
797:
796:
791:
786:
781:
776:
770:
768:
764:
763:
761:
760:
755:
750:
745:
738:
731:
726:
718:
716:
709:
703:
702:
695:
693:
691:
690:
689:
688:
683:
671:
666:
661:
660:
659:
654:
649:
639:
638:
637:
627:
626:
625:
620:
615:
610:
600:
599:
598:
597:
596:
589:
582:
575:
570:
558:
553:
546:South Estonian
543:
538:
526:
518:
516:
510:
509:
504:
501:
500:
493:
492:
485:
478:
470:
463:
462:
433:
408:
388:M. Z. Zekiyev
381:
360:
327:
289:
263:
261:
258:
257:
256:
251:
246:
239:
236:
219:
218:Reconstruction
216:
212:Andrey Kurbsky
169:is an extinct
162:
161:
158:
150:
149:
142:
137:
134:
133:
123:
115:
114:
113:Language codes
110:
109:
107:
106:
105:
104:
85:
83:
76:
73:
72:
69:
65:
64:
59:
55:
54:
49:
45:
44:
39:
38:Native to
35:
34:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1234:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1207:
1190:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1138:
1136:Reconstructed
1134:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1077:
1076:Tundra Nenets
1074:
1072:
1071:Forest Nenets
1069:
1068:
1067:
1064:
1060:
1057:
1052:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1038:
1034:
1033:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1015:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1003:
1001:
997:
985:
984:
980:
978:
977:
976:Eastern Mansi
973:
971:
970:
969:Western Mansi
966:
964:
961:
960:
959:
956:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
938:
937:
934:
933:
931:
929:
925:
919:
916:
915:
913:
911:
907:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
882:
880:
878:
874:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
854:
852:
850:
846:
840:
837:
831:
827:
822:
819:
818:
817:
814:
813:
811:
809:
805:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
771:
769:
765:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
743:
739:
737:
736:
732:
730:
727:
725:
724:
720:
719:
717:
713:
710:
708:
704:
699:
687:
684:
682:
681:
677:
676:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
644:
643:
640:
636:
633:
632:
631:
628:
624:
621:
619:
616:
614:
611:
609:
606:
605:
604:
601:
595:
594:
590:
588:
587:
583:
581:
580:
576:
574:
571:
567:
562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
549:
548:
547:
544:
542:
539:
537:
536:
535:Laiuse Romani
532:
531:
530:
527:
525:
524:
520:
519:
517:
515:
511:
507:
502:
498:
491:
486:
484:
479:
477:
472:
471:
468:
451:
444:
437:
423:on 2014-06-20
422:
418:
412:
402:
398:
394:
391:
385:
370:
364:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
334:
332:
315:
311:
307:
300:
293:
278:
274:
273:"Meshcherian"
268:
264:
255:
252:
250:
247:
245:
242:
241:
235:
233:
229:
225:
215:
213:
209:
208:
202:
200:
199:Mishar Tatars
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
156:
151:
147:
143:
140:
139:Linguist List
135:
127:
124:
121:
116:
111:
103:
100:
99:
97:
93:
90:
89:
88:
84:
80:
74:
70:
66:
63:
60:
56:
53:
50:
46:
43:
40:
36:
31:
19:
1178:
1153:Proto-Finnic
1143:Proto-Uralic
1124:
1118:
1117:
1110:
1092:
1049:
1035:
1028:
1019:
1012:
981:
974:
967:
895:Komi-Permyak
767:Western Sámi
740:
733:
721:
715:Eastern Sámi
678:
591:
584:
577:
533:
521:
453:. Retrieved
449:
436:
425:. Retrieved
421:the original
411:
405:(in Turkish)
400:
384:
373:. Retrieved
363:
347:
343:
318:. Retrieved
309:
305:
292:
281:. Retrieved
277:the original
267:
221:
205:
203:
166:
165:
125:
101:
1119:Meshcherian
1054: [
1040: [
862:Meadow Mari
824: [
564: [
254:Volga Finns
1206:Categories
1158:Proto-Sámi
890:Komi-Yazva
427:2024-03-24
375:2012-07-13
283:2012-07-13
260:References
228:hydronymic
1189:varieties
1181:indicate
1000:Samoyedic
918:Hungarian
857:Hill Mari
808:Mordvinic
680:Krevinian
618:Meänkieli
608:Fingelska
356:0355-1253
224:toponymic
187:toponymic
179:Mordvinic
167:Meshchera
120:ISO 639-3
102:Meshchera
92:Mordvinic
62:Meshchera
58:Ethnicity
33:Meshchera
1148:homeland
1126:Muromian
1083:Nganasan
928:Ob-Ugric
789:Southern
779:Northern
664:Livonian
642:Karelian
529:Estonian
393:Archived
316:: 63–117
238:See also
1179:Italics
1051:Karagas
686:Kukkuzi
630:Ingrian
603:Finnish
586:Kraasna
455:27 June
244:Meryans
1104:Others
1094:Yurats
1088:Selkup
1066:Nenets
1021:Koibal
936:Khanty
900:Udmurt
877:Permic
839:Moksha
748:Kildin
735:Kainuu
723:Akkala
514:Finnic
403:73–86
354:
320:5 July
232:Udmurt
191:Permic
183:Permic
96:Permic
87:Uralic
48:Region
42:Russia
1112:Merya
1058:]
1044:]
1037:Taygi
1030:Mator
1014:Kamas
1008:Enets
958:Mansi
910:Ugric
832:]
816:Erzya
753:Skolt
729:Inari
674:Votic
657:Ludic
652:Livvi
593:Leivu
579:Ludza
573:Tartu
568:]
561:Mulgi
446:(PDF)
399:. In
302:(PDF)
181:or a
885:Komi
849:Mari
784:Pite
774:Lule
742:Kemi
707:Sámi
669:Veps
613:Kven
556:Võro
551:Seto
457:2022
352:ISSN
322:2017
126:None
794:Ume
758:Ter
310:266
175:Oka
159:Map
146:0tx
130:mis
68:Era
52:Oka
1208::
1056:ru
1042:ru
830:ru
828:;
826:de
566:et
448:.
350:,
348:60
346:,
342:,
330:^
308:.
304:.
94:?/
489:e
482:t
475:v
459:.
430:.
378:.
324:.
286:.
132:)
128:(
98:?
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.