573:
89:
80:
69:
149:
111:
199:
100:
677:); reorganized roads, telephone lines, offices and residences; and installed modern water pipelines, electricity, clinics, postal services, cinema hall and resort/sport centers. They also expanded Edaga Senbet by introducing corrugated iron shops. This also attracted foreign entrepreneurs (Greeks, Arabs and Armenians). Mekelle, then divided into two zones; Italian and Native, grew about twice its former size. In 1938, there were shops, two Italian-style restaurants and Hotel Amba Aradam with four rooms. There were post, telephone, and telegraph offices, and a hospital. An important market was held on Mondays.
866:
774:
1708:
120:
915:
166:
646:
1459:
2680:
232:
1546:
831:; few reported to work. On 20 December 2020, witnesses from Mekelle stated that artillery shelling had taken place before 28 November. The shelling destroyed houses in residential areas and killed civilians. In one case, a whole family was killed, leaving only a little boy alive. A doctor said that he personally saw 22 bodies. It was hard to take proper care of those wounded by the artillery due to a critical shortage of medical supplies. Four planned
305:
1675:
1688:
1328:
623:; from here the Italians extended their occupation south, up to Ambalage. The Italian army established their fort near the Enda Eyesus church above Mekelle in October 1895. After the re-occupation of Ambalage in late 1895, the fort was besieged by Ethiopian troops, who cut the Italians' water supply. When the Italians surrendered in January 1896, Menelik allowed them to retreat to their stronghold
239:
206:
173:
923:
759:
946:
municipal taxes, which would usually be levied by the city. The "three central sub-cities" of
Mekelle â Kedamay Weyane, Ayder and Hawelti â are the business core of the city, with a daytime population more than seven times higher than their nighttime population. Semien is unique occupied by many major factories. It is often called the "economic center" of the Tigray.
942:. The subcities of Mekelle comprise the area formerly incorporated as Mekelle City. While falling under the jurisdiction of Mekele Special Zone Government, each subcity is also a borough with its own administrator, like other cities of Ethiopia. These officials oversee socio-economic development and run health, education, and utilities.
1446:, 51.75% of the population were considered literate, which is more than the Zone average of 15.71%; 91.11% of children aged 7â12 were in primary school; 17.73% of the children aged 13â14 were in junior secondary school; and 52.13% of the inhabitants aged 15â18 were in senior secondary school. Concerning
1489:
There has been a boom in hotel services for tourism and conferences due to predominant place
Mekelle holds in northern Ethiopia. The development of healthcare services has greatly aided in improving the quality of life of Mekelle's inhabitants. A $ 3.5 million modern referral public health laboratory
693:
Yohannes
Elementary (in 1952) and Secondary School (in 1960) were established. The master plan was issued in 1962. Small-scale enterprises such as oil refineries, soap mills, leather and caning bags, costumes and flour mills were established until 1974. Most of the industrial establishments, however,
585:
salt market and the subsequent establishment of local and foreign trading and occupational communities, and
Mekelle's strategic position as a transit center for commodities of the long-distance trade routes of northeastern Ethiopia, attached to the Red Sea ports, and to northern and central Ethiopia.
945:
The sub-cities differ from other cities in having a unique administrative relationship with the regional government. Certain municipal functions, such as waterworks, sewerage, and fire-fighting, are handled by the
Mekelle Government. To pay for the added administrative costs, the prefecture collects
728:
and other places along the Dessie-Mekelle road. By June 1988, TPLF controlled all of Tigray except the city of
Mekelle and the territory a radius of 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) around the city. In response, the Derg had a number of villages around Mekelle burned on June 4 and 5, which included Addi
789:
worshippers, over an
Adventist prayer service being conducted in a stadium. Some Ethiopian Orthodox believers, upset by the display of public Adventist preaching, reportedly sparked the clashes by first throwing stones at Adventists gathered in the stadium, then by looting Adventist offices in the
661:
Abreha Araya Demtsu, governor of
Eastern Tigray with Mekelle as his capital. Abreha imitated his cousin Yohannes by establishing his own splendid palace (now the Hotel called Abreha Castle) on a hill facing the grand palace, a new Saturday Market (Edaga Senbet), and a new church, Selassie, all of
856:
Mekelle lies at an elevation of 2,254 metres (7,395 ft) above sea level (at the airport), close to the edge of the northern portion of the
Ethiopian Rift Valley, on a Jurassic limestone plateau, in a semi-arid area with a mean annual rainfall of 714 millimetres (28.1 in). Except for a
817:
report stated that
Eritrean soldiers were in Mekelle, according to a resident and two diplomats receiving information from the ground. They stated that some soldiers were wearing Eritrean uniforms, whilst others wore Ethiopian uniforms but "spoke Tigrinya with an Eritrean accent and drove trucks
559:
could have been another factor. Three institutions still important for modern Mekelle were founded by Yohannes. The grand palace built in 1882â84 by the Tigrayan engineer Engedashet Kassa Sehul (takes as an example the construction technique of other buildings present in the
596:
of Shewa signaled a trading reorientation from northern to southern Ethiopia (centered in Shewa). The new capital Addis Ababa quickly outstripped Mekelle, which, however, retained its political importance as the district and regional administration center of Enderta and
688:
The third phase in Mekelle's urban development took place mainly during 1942â74. Modern urban sectors were diversified, and new administrative offices were established. The Mekelle municipality (founded 1942), telecommunications and post office, Commercial Bank and the
479:, the second-largest regional center. The majority of the population of Mekelle depends on government employment, commerce, and small-scale enterprises. In 2007, Mekelle had new engineering, cement, and textile factories, producing for the local and foreign markets.
662:
which were situated to the south of Mekelle proper. Likewise, he attracted various occupational groups including Muslim traders, women service vendors, and army retainers. Consequently, in the 1920s and early 1930s, Mekelle witnessed a remarkable growth in trade.
1504:
Mekelle is surrounded by agrarian villages that sell their crops to the urban population in the markets. Traditionally there is a market on Saturday and Monday where a wide variety of produce and livestock is available for sale, in addition to salt from Afar.
839:
to Mekelle were cancelled on 20 December. On 21 December 2020, Federal Police Crime Prevention Sector Head, Deputy Commissioner General Melaku Fanta, told local media in Mekelle that arrest warrants have been issued against anyone who collaborated with the
568:
and the buildings of the peasants and sacred churches of the Tigrai) and forms the historic center of Mekelle. The large market Edaga Senuy ("Monday Market"). The church, at Debre Gennet Medhane Alem, built after the return from Raya Azebo campaign in
672:
The second phase occurred during the Italian occupation (1935â41). The Italians, who occupied the town in November 1935, contributed considerably to its modernization. They built a military airport and a fort at Enda Eyesus (now the main compound of
470:
Mekelle has grown rapidly since 1991 with a population of 61,000 in 1984, 97,000 inhabitants in 1994 (96.5% being Tigrinya-speakers), and 170,000 in 2006 (i.e. 4% of the population of Tigray). Mekelle is the second-largest city in Ethiopia after
729:
Gera, Bahri, Goba Zena, Grarot, Issala, and Rabea. It was not until 25 February 1989 that Mekelle was also occupied by the TPLF, after the government position in Tigray had collapsed. Near the end of the civil war, Mekelle was bombed by the
580:
In the 1880s, Mekelle became Ethiopia's capital city. Among the factors that further accelerated Mekele's growth and urbanization were the establishment of residential quarters by the "nobility" and court servants, the prominence of the
467:, with an elevation of 2,254 metres (7,395 ft) above sea level. Administratively, Mekelle is considered a Special Zone, which is divided into seven sub-cities. It is the economic, cultural, and political hub of northern Ethiopia.
826:
in Mekelle and transporting the loot to Addis Ababa. On the same day, police and TPLF absence led to lawlessness in Mekelle. Youth were especially targeted by ENDF soldiers. Civil servants in Mekelle were ordered back to work by the
705:, Mekelle was notorious for the seven "hunger camps" around the city. These housed 75,000 refugees with 20,000 more waiting to enter. During March 1985, 50 to 60 people died in these seven camps every day. In February 1986, the
2416:
877:
regime in 1991. The monument is 51 metres (167 ft) tall and is located in Adi-Haki sub-city. The monument has many sculptures depicting the struggle of the peasants and fighters against the Derg soldiers.
794:
intervened to break up the riots, which resulted in five dead and three seriously injured. The police reported that 10 people were detained, but independent sources reported that the number was much larger.
684:
against the then weak restored Haile Selassie government. British air bombardment of the town of SeptemberâOctober caused heavy damage. In October Mekelle was recaptured by the Ethiopian government forces.
2530:
1474:
Local industry includes Mesfin Industrial Engineering, a steel fabrication and manufacturing factory, which also has car assembly line and Messebo Cement Factory, northern Ethiopia's principal
906:
Other notable landmarks include the churches Enda Gabir, Enda Yesus Mekelle Bete Mengist, Mekelle Iyesus, Mekelle Maryam, Mekelle Selassie, Enda Mariam Bugsa and Mekelle Tekle Haymanot.
857:
moderately dense eucalyptus cover on the hills in eastern edges of Mekelle and some exotic species of trees and shrubs lining the streets, the surrounding landscape is almost treeless.
1796:
2410:
586:
By establishing a market in Mekelle, Yohannes could draw on the northern trade routes as well as the salt caravan routes to the town, capitalizing on his political leverage.
1391:
of Ethiopia (CSA), this town has a total population of 215,914 people (104,925 men and 110,989 women). The two largest ethnic groups reported in Semien Mi'irabawi were the
903:. The castle complex now serves as a museum where the Emperor's throne, royal bed, ceremonial dress, rifles, and many other valuable historical collections can be seen.
2494:
1521:
The city council is Mekelle's legislative body and the city is administered by a mayor and seven local administrators. One of Mekelle's mayors was Daniel Assega (or
2657:
873:
The martyrs' memorial monument pays respects to the over 60,000 TPLF fighters who died and over 100,000 fighters who were injured in the overthrow of the Marxist
2520:
502:
Mekelle is believed to have evolved from a 13th-century hamlet called Enda Meseqel (later Enda Medhane Alem), becoming a town by the early 19th century, when
1418:
The 1994 national census reported the population of Mekelle as 96,938 people (45,729 men and 51,209 women). The two largest ethnic groups reported were the
543:
who made Mekelle political capital of his expanding state. He must have chosen the place for its strategic proximity both to rich agricultural areas (of
1613:
Mekelle has several universities, junior colleges, and vocational schools. Many of Ethiopia's most prestigious universities are in Mekelle, including
2223:
1813:
1490:
was constructed by the US CDC to serve as a training site as well as providing quality assurance for Tigray's hospitals and medical laboratories.
1881:
3348:
2635:
1932:
799:
2629:
2554:
1770:
1644:
teams from the city; both have been competing in the Ethiopian Premier League. A local market has been held every Monday since at least 1890.
267:
1793:
823:
3042:
2650:
2056:
802:(UNMEE) headquarters was established in Mekelle in 2000 following the end of the EritreanâEthiopian War and continued until 30 July 2008.
2199:
2175:
2002:
517:
his seat of power, and the region of Mekelle (40 kilometres (25 mi) to the north) his recreational center. In the tax records of
2451:
2211:
198:
1450:, about 88% of the urban houses had access to safe drinking water at the time of the census, and about 51% had toilet facilities.
2643:
2484:
1447:
1384:
There were about 5,000 inhabitants in 1935; by 1938, the town counted approximately 12,000 inhabitants (including 100 Italians).
483:
developed out of the pre-1991 Arid Agricultural College, and about a dozen other governmental and private colleges were created.
1610:
in Mekelle are run by the Tigray Education Bureau. Mekelle also has many private schools from kindergarten through high school.
2690:
148:
17:
3353:
2395:
2068:
Gebrelibanos, Tsegay (2009). "The Ethiopian Salt Trading System in the 20th Century: A View from MÀqÀla, Northern Ethiopia".
1388:
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1971:
1478:
production facility. Both companies are owned and managed by the Endowment Fund for the Rehabilitation of Tigray (EFFORT).
950:
2274:
1731:
1586:(under construction), connecting Mekelle with Addis Ababa and Djibouti. The line does not touch Mekelle itself, but ends
1481:
The $ 100 million Mekelle Industrial park hosts many foreign textiles companies and employs approximately 20,000 people.
706:
640:
892:
709:(TPLF) released 1,800 political prisoners from the Mekelle prison in a daring military action. The operation was named
627:, probably hoping to prevent an escalation of the conflict, and he appointed his own governor over Enderta at Mekelle,
3343:
2358:
1534:
828:
3035:
2134:
ETHIOPIA - "Mengistu has Decided to Burn Us like Wood" - Bombing of Civilians and Civilian Targets by the Air Force
819:
572:
165:
1407:
by 3.18%; the remaining 1.27% spoke all other primary languages reported. 92.68% of the population said they were
970:
930:
Mekelle is divided into seven local administrations: Hawelti, Adi-Haki, Kedamay Weyane, Hadnet, Ayder, Semien and
408:
1618:
1435:
1408:
2665:
2435:
2374:
2412:
1994 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia: Results for Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples' Region
1955:
702:
2706:
413:
88:
2849:
2726:
1653:
1576:
982:
720:
In a series of offensives launched on 25 February 1988, TPLF fighters bypassed Mekelle but took control of
231:
657:
Three historical epochs sustained Mekelle's urbanization in the 20th century. The first was the advent of
3028:
2806:
2489:
1583:
791:
2057:
http://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/es/201961468257059831/pdf/E18440V120AFR00Box385213B00PUBLIC0.pdf
1760:
2945:
2836:
2521:"The Interview: 'There was no prior evaluation to have me discharged': former interim mayor of Mekelle"
604:
During the Italian War of 1895â96, Mekelle became an important site in the conflict. After the fall of
68:
79:
2811:
2666:
1434:; the remaining 0.76% spoke all other primary languages reported. 91.31% of the population practiced
437:
329:
54:
2551:
1863:
1426:(1.59%), foreigners from Eritrea (0.99%); all other ethnic groups made up 0.98% of the population.
398:
110:
961:
The climate in this area is characterized by moderately warm temperatures year-round and distinct
99:
1633:
884:
2516:
1564:
1549:
1530:
974:
813:
by joint Ethiopian and Eritrean forces, including aerial bombardments. On 19 December 2020, an
741:
2133:
1513:
The Abergelle Slaughterhouse, funded by the Dejenna Endowment, began operations in late 2008.
865:
713:
after one of the founding fighters of the TPLF, who had been killed in the second year of the
2869:
1443:
990:
845:
612:
2917:
2778:
2698:
1641:
773:
666:
601:
respectively through the 20th century, and its economic role in the Ethiopian salt trade.
8:
2973:
2670:
881:
763:
730:
714:
695:
492:
317:
129:
From top, left to right: Central Mekelle; Hawzen Square; Tekele Haymanot Church; Emperor
619:
Menelik II. Mekelle was occupied by the Italians without a shot and integrated into the
2958:
2743:
2624:
2571:
2308:
2286:
2039:
1926:
1614:
1603:
832:
782:
674:
480:
914:
3197:
3122:
2844:
2354:
2043:
1996:
1951:
1875:
1726:
1599:
1560:
Mekelle is linked by all-weather roads to Addis Ababa and Aksum, and has an airport,
1439:
1427:
1412:
1400:
1268:
810:
425:
645:
119:
3338:
3292:
2882:
2821:
2029:
1721:
1431:
1404:
818:
without license plates." On 19 December 2020, there were multiple reports that the
681:
650:
565:
510:
463:. It is located around 780 kilometres (480 mi) north of the Ethiopian capital
453:
390:
3147:
2854:
2558:
2439:
2420:
2187:
1800:
1499:
900:
598:
460:
2596:
1978:
3182:
3082:
2978:
2953:
2816:
2791:
2763:
2758:
2525:
2423:, Tables 2.1, 2.12, 2.19, 3.5, 3.7, 6.3, 6.11, 6.13 (accessed 30 December 2008)
1765:
1622:
506:
2561:." Nejashi Ethio-Turkish International Schools. Retrieved on October 19, 2015.
2452:"U.S. Government Inaugurates New Regional Public Health Laboratory in Mekelle"
2224:
Ethiopia: Tigray rebels enter regional capital of Mekelle, ceasefire requested
1458:
1004:
Climate data for Mekelle, elevation 2,070 m (6,790 ft), (1971â2000)
3332:
3277:
2983:
2859:
2796:
2711:
2674:
1713:
1423:
1396:
1359:
1194:
561:
445:
322:
282:
269:
2102:
3157:
3152:
3127:
2963:
2925:
2731:
2514:
1637:
441:
50:
2508:
2236:
733:
on 27 and 29 October 1989, resulting in the deaths of at least 31 people.
3272:
3252:
3162:
3117:
3067:
2753:
2397:
1994 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia: Results for Amhara Region
2034:
2018:"Deterioration of Heritage by Informal Urbanization in Mekelle, Ethiopia"
2017:
1948:
Tax Records of and Inventories of Emperor Tewodros of Ethiopia, 1855-1868
1665:
1607:
1466:
Mekelle is one of Ethiopia's principal economic and educational centers.
836:
548:
540:
521:
472:
464:
130:
3297:
3087:
2907:
2887:
2768:
2748:
2401:, Tables 2.1, 2.7, 2.10, 2.13, 2.17, Annex II.2 (Retrieved 29 May 2022)
1736:
1606:(7 through 9) are operated by local wards or municipal offices. Public
1545:
1526:
966:
962:
895:
churches in the city. The castle was constructed by Ethiopian engineer
806:
767:
753:
680:
Starting from May 1943, Mekelle was in the hands of the leaders of the
593:
556:
544:
133:
Palace Museum; Meskel cross at Chomâa hill; Martyrs' Memorial Monument
3257:
3192:
3172:
3167:
3112:
3020:
2801:
2736:
2432:
2070:
Proceedings of the 16th International Conference of Ethiopian Studies
1419:
1392:
1349:
786:
381:
2188:
Ethiopia's Tigray crisis: 'How we survived when Mekelle was shelled'
1537:
from mid-December 2020 through to his resignation on 30 March 2021.
615:
retreated from his father's capital Mekelle following the advice of
3132:
2988:
2295:
2277:(pdf) The Nordic Africa Institute website (accessed 6 January 2008)
631:
Tedla Abaguben, in order to check the rebellious Tigrayan princes.
449:
310:
2249:
1399:(2.26%); all other ethnic groups made up 1.54% of the population.
3312:
3282:
3237:
3232:
3072:
2993:
2968:
2935:
2930:
2897:
2786:
2485:"Mekele City getting back to normal: Mayor Ataklti Haileselassie"
1900:
Salt, Trade and Urbanization: the Story of MÀqÀlÀ Town, 1872-1935
1687:
1369:
737:
721:
624:
476:
475:, with a population of around 545,000. It is 4 times larger than
456:
2145:
1327:
536:
The credit for Mekelle's growth into a regional capital goes to
524:, Mekelle appears as a tributary district within Enderta with a
3302:
3287:
3267:
3242:
3222:
3217:
3202:
3177:
3142:
3137:
3097:
1692:
1674:
1475:
1332:
514:
386:
3317:
3247:
3227:
3187:
3102:
3092:
3062:
2892:
2877:
2826:
1847:
Aberra, Yohannes (2007). "MÀqÀlÀ". In Uhlig, Siegbert (ed.).
1679:
1587:
931:
888:
725:
552:
2100:
1754:
1752:
1335:
holiday is located on the mountains in the east of the city.
3307:
3212:
3207:
3107:
3077:
2902:
2721:
2716:
2471:
Investment Opportunities in Mekelle, Tigray State, Ethiopia
1572:
1568:
874:
841:
814:
605:
1590:, one of the sub-cities in the special region of Mekelle.
1430:
was spoken as a first language by 96.26%, and 2.98% spoke
922:
744:
killing twelve. A monument pays respects to this tragedy.
669:
renovated the Palace in the center to use it as his seat.
1749:
758:
2625:
Ethiopian Treasures - The castle of Emperor Yohannes IV
2120:
The Dying Lion: Feudalism and Modernization in Ethiopia
1579:, and its city bus service is provided by Amora buses.
777:
Abreha Castle, now Abreha Castle Hotel, in January 2018
2022:
Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering
2377:. Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations
2477:
1814:"Population Size by Sex, Zone and Wereda, July 2022"
1703:
918:
Intersection near a shop in southern Mekelle in 2018
740:
Air Force bombed Ayder School in Mekelle during the
1861:
2239:, britannica.com, USA, accessed on January 5, 2020
1621:. Nejashi Ethio-Turkish International Schools and
2336:Popular Participation in Decentralized Governance
2146:"UN Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea is withdrawn"
1946:Asfaw, Girmaselassie; Pankhurst, Richard (1979).
949:Mekelle special zone has been represented in the
551:salt country. Mekelle's position on the route to
30:Capital city and special zone in Tigray, Ethiopia
3330:
2122:. London: St. Martin's Press. pp. 180, 188.
1582:Mekelle is the terminal station of the electric
844:. On 28 June 2021 Mekelle was recaptured by the
2632:by John Graham (Addis Tribune, 12 October 2001)
2212:Situation Report EEPA HORN No. 33 - 22 December
2200:Situation Report EEPA HORN No. 32 - 21 December
2176:Situation Report EEPA HORN No. 31 - 20 December
1575:MQX). Intercity bus service is provided by the
2351:Democracy and Economic Development in Ethiopia
1945:
1761:"Breaking: Mekelle city interim mayor resigns"
800:United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea
781:On 29 December 2002, a riot broke out between
3036:
2651:
1659:
1403:is spoken as a first language by 95.55%, and
934:. Within each local administration there are
694:have declined, degraded or closed during the
2067:
1758:
43:á°áááá” áźáŸá„ Mak'allĂš, Mekele, mĂ€qĂ€lle, mekâelÄ
2085:Gl'Italiani in Africa: l'assedio di MacallĂš
1880:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
3043:
3029:
2658:
2644:
2338:. Mekelle: Mekelle University. p. 29.
2082:
1931:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1789:
1787:
1647:
1516:
1387:Based on the 2007 Census conducted by the
555:, the power base of Yohannes's main rival
2473:. New York: Millennium Cities Initiative.
2250:"Martyrs Memorial Munument [sic]"
2171:
2169:
2167:
2033:
766:airstrike launched at Mekelle during the
2254:Tigray Martyrsâ Memorial Monument Center
2096:
2094:
1897:
1544:
1457:
1326:
921:
913:
864:
772:
757:
644:
571:
2268:
2015:
1912:
1784:
14:
3331:
3050:
2691:List of districts in the Tigray Region
2468:
2348:
2205:
2193:
2164:
2117:
2001:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1902:. Addis Ababa: Addis Ababa University.
1846:
822:(ENDF) were looting property from the
452:. Mekelle was formerly the capital of
347:(vacant as of 30 March 2021)
3349:Populated places in the Tigray Region
3024:
2639:
2333:
2214:Europe External Programme with Africa
2202:Europe External Programme with Africa
2178:Europe External Programme with Africa
2091:
1759:Ekubamichael, Medihane (2021-03-30).
2572:"Sign: Ramla â Twin cities to Ramla"
2309:"Photographs of the city of Mekelle"
2104:Guida dell'Africa orientale Italiana
1919:Foundation and Growth of MÀqÀlÀ Town
1893:
1891:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1565:Alula Aba Nega International Airport
1331:A holy cross for celebration of the
2367:
24:
2132:Human Rights Watch, 24 July 1991:
2101:Consociazione turistica Italiana.
218:Location within the Horn of Africa
27:Capital of Tigray Region, Ethiopia
25:
3365:
2618:
2087:. Firenze: Successori Le Monnier.
1888:
1851:. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag.
1835:
1794:Census 2007 Tables: Tigray Region
1625:are private schools in the city.
1540:
1535:Transitional Government of Tigray
1342:Ethnic groups of Mekelle in 1994
953:by Addis Alem Balema since 2005.
951:House of Peoples' Representatives
829:Transitional Government of Tigray
2678:
1950:. London: University of London.
1732:Tigray People's Liberation Front
1706:
1686:
1673:
1469:
981:); however it borders on both a
899:Ingidashet and Italian engineer
820:Ethiopian National Defence Force
707:Tigray People's Liberation Front
641:Tigray People's Liberation Front
303:
237:
230:
204:
197:
171:
164:
147:
118:
109:
98:
87:
78:
67:
2589:
2564:
2544:
2533:from the original on 2021-04-02
2497:from the original on 2020-12-26
2462:
2444:
2426:
2404:
2389:
2342:
2327:
2301:
2280:
2242:
2229:
2217:
2181:
2138:
2126:
2111:
2076:
2061:
2050:
2009:
1773:from the original on 2021-03-30
1619:Mekelle Institute of Technology
1533:was mayor of Mekelle under the
1436:Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity
1322:
926:Dejen Street in Mekelle in 2021
747:
634:
531:
238:
205:
172:
1964:
1939:
1906:
1855:
1806:
1493:
13:
1:
1742:
909:
576:Fort of Enda Eyesus (c. 1890)
3354:Cities and towns in Ethiopia
2315:. independent-travellers.com
1803:, Tables 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.4.
1654:Millennium Cities Initiative
1598:Publicly run kindergartens,
1593:
1577:Selam Bus Line Share Company
1555:
1508:
983:subtropical highland climate
869:Martyrs' memorial and museum
860:
851:
355:2,254 m (7,395 ft)
141:The Northern Star(á°áááá” áźáŸá„)
7:
2630:Cities of Ethiopia: Mekelle
2490:Fana Broadcasting Corporate
2375:"CLIMWAT climatic database"
2275:"Local History in Ethiopia"
1821:Ethiopian Statistics Agency
1699:
1652:Mekelle is a member of the
1484:
1123:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
1053:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
893:Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo
887:in the 19th century became
811:were carried out on Mekelle
653:in Mekelle in November 1935
373: âą Estimate
10:
3370:
2419:November 19, 2008, at the
2353:. Trenton: Red Sea Press.
1898:Taddesse, Madhane (1995).
1799:November 14, 2010, at the
1660:Twin towns â sister cities
1497:
1453:
1389:Central Statistical Agency
1314:
1003:
956:
751:
703:1983â85 famine in Ethiopia
638:
497:
490:
486:
221:Show map of Horn of Africa
3058:
3002:
2944:
2916:
2868:
2835:
2777:
2697:
2688:
2083:Montegazza, Vico (1896).
1913:Sakkwar, Taddese (2000).
1864:"World Population Review"
1862:Mekelle Population 2021.
1628:
1602:(years 1 through 6), and
1266:
1192:
1122:
1052:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1011:
1008:
973:type for this climate is
429:
407:
397:
380:
372:
364:
359:
351:
343:
338:
328:
316:
298:
263:
158:
146:
138:
61:
48:
35:
3344:Former national capitals
2118:Gilkes, Patrick (1975).
1849:Encyclopaedia Aethiopica
1727:Mekelle offensive (2020)
185:Location within Ethiopia
39:
2597:"StÀdtepartnerschaften"
2515:Medihane Ekubamichael;
2469:Cannon, Bryant (2009).
1868:World Population review
1648:International relations
1634:Mekelle 70 Enderta F.C.
1584:WeldiyaâMekelle Railway
1517:Governance and politics
1462:Marketplace in Mekelle.
891:and built a castle and
2517:Ataklti Haile Selassie
2456:US Embassy in Ethiopia
2349:Balema, Addis (2014).
2334:Habtu, Adonay (2011).
2313:Independent Travellers
2293:by Carlo Zaghi in the
2107:. Milano. p. 302.
2016:Okazaki, Rumi (2011).
1552:
1550:Alula Aba Nega Airport
1531:Ataklti Haile Selassie
1463:
1336:
975:cool semi-arid climate
927:
919:
870:
778:
770:
742:EritreanâEthiopian War
654:
577:
251:Location within Africa
18:Mekelle, Tigray Region
2296:Enciclopedia Treccani
2190:BBC, 20 December 2020
1548:
1461:
1330:
991:hot semi-arid climate
925:
917:
868:
846:Tigray Defense Forces
776:
761:
752:Further information:
648:
639:Further information:
575:
283:13.49694°N 39.47694°E
2035:10.3130/jaabe.10.343
736:On 5 June 1998, the
667:Haile Selassie Gugsa
334:Mekelle Special Zone
188:Show map of Ethiopia
153:Mekelle special zone
2974:Shire Inda Selassie
2603:(in German). Witten
1604:junior high schools
1448:sanitary conditions
1409:Orthodox Christians
1378: Other (0.92%)
764:Ethiopian Air Force
731:Ethiopian Air Force
715:Ethiopian Civil War
696:Ethiopian Civil War
564:at the time of the
493:Timeline of Mekelle
279: /
3052:Cities of Ethiopia
2946:North Western Zone
2837:South Eastern Zone
2557:2016-03-14 at the
2438:2011-06-14 at the
1615:Mekelle University
1600:elementary schools
1553:
1464:
1337:
928:
920:
871:
833:Ethiopian Airlines
783:Ethiopian Orthodox
779:
771:
675:Mekelle University
655:
589:The succession of
578:
481:Mekelle University
365: âą Total
344: âą Mayor
288:13.49694; 39.47694
254:Show map of Africa
3326:
3325:
3018:
3017:
2576:streetsigns.co.il
1915:ášááá ášáá°á«ášá”á á„á”áá”
1438:, and 7.66% were
1411:, and 6.03% were
1319:
1318:
1269:relative humidity
613:Mengasha Yohannes
419:
418:
16:(Redirected from
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2822:Saesi Tsaedaemba
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2414:, Vol. 1, part 1
2408:
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2399:, Vol. 1, part 1
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2059:
2054:
2048:
2047:
2037:
2013:
2007:
2006:
2000:
1992:
1990:
1989:
1983:
1977:. Archived from
1976:
1968:
1962:
1961:
1943:
1937:
1936:
1930:
1922:
1910:
1904:
1903:
1895:
1886:
1885:
1879:
1871:
1859:
1853:
1852:
1844:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1818:
1810:
1804:
1791:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1778:
1756:
1722:Kingdom of Aksum
1716:
1711:
1710:
1709:
1691:
1690:
1678:
1677:
1377:
1367:
1357:
1347:
1001:
1000:
682:Woyane rebellion
651:Benito Mussolini
608:in spring 1895,
431:
309:
307:
306:
294:
293:
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189:
175:
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122:
113:
102:
91:
82:
71:
33:
32:
21:
3369:
3368:
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3362:
3360:
3359:
3358:
3329:
3328:
3327:
3322:
3054:
3049:
3019:
3014:
2998:
2959:La'ilay Adiyabo
2940:
2912:
2864:
2855:Hintalo Wajirat
2831:
2773:
2744:La'ilay Maychew
2693:
2684:
2679:
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2559:Wayback Machine
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2222:
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2206:
2198:
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2174:
2165:
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2144:
2143:
2139:
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2127:
2116:
2112:
2099:
2092:
2081:
2077:
2066:
2062:
2055:
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2014:
2010:
1994:
1993:
1987:
1985:
1981:
1974:
1972:"Archived copy"
1970:
1969:
1965:
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1944:
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1924:
1923:
1921:]. Mekelle.
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1500:Soil in Inderta
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959:
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901:Giacomo Naretti
863:
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756:
750:
643:
637:
621:Colonia Eritrea
566:Axumite kingdom
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2979:Tahtay Adiyabo
2976:
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2954:Asgede Tsimbla
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2817:Kilte Awulaelo
2814:
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2792:Atsbi Wenberta
2789:
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2764:Tanqua Millash
2761:
2759:Tahtay Maychew
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2619:External links
2617:
2614:
2613:
2588:
2578:. Street Signs
2563:
2552:Mekelle Branch
2543:
2526:Addis Standard
2519:(2021-04-02).
2507:
2493:. 2020-12-17.
2476:
2461:
2458:. 25 May 2017.
2443:
2433:EFFORT website
2425:
2403:
2388:
2366:
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2341:
2326:
2300:
2287:Narétti, James
2279:
2267:
2241:
2228:
2226:, 28 June 2021
2216:
2204:
2192:
2180:
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2152:. 30 July 2008
2137:
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2110:
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2060:
2049:
2028:(2): 343â350.
2008:
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1766:Addis Standard
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1630:
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1623:Closys College
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1541:Infrastructure
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2870:Southern Zone
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2860:Saharti Samre
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3158:Debre Marqos
3153:Debre Berhan
3128:Bale Hawassa
3009:
2964:Medebay Zana
2926:Kafta Humera
2918:Western Zone
2779:Eastern Zone
2732:Kola Tembien
2699:Central Zone
2605:. Retrieved
2600:
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2312:
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2011:
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1979:the original
1966:
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1820:
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1638:Dedebit F.C.
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1323:Demographics
1315:Source: FAO
1197:mm (inches)
994:
986:
978:
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528:of its own.
525:
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438:special zone
433:
421:
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55:special zone
51:Capital city
3273:Negele Arsi
3253:Kebri Dahar
3163:Debre Tabor
3068:Addis Ababa
2754:Naeder Adet
1664:Mekelle is
1571:code HAMK,
1494:Agriculture
967:dry seasons
885:Yohannes IV
837:Addis Ababa
824:Sur Company
805:During the
701:During the
541:Yohannes IV
522:Tewodros II
473:Addis Ababa
465:Addis Ababa
286: /
131:Yohannes IV
3333:Categories
3298:Shashamane
3088:Arba Minch
2908:Raya Azebo
2888:Endamekoni
2769:Werie Lehe
2749:Mereb Lehe
2607:2020-12-09
2582:2020-12-09
2537:2021-04-02
2501:2020-12-26
2072:: 185â201.
1988:2020-08-09
1957:0728600579
1777:2021-03-30
1743:References
1737:Tigray War
1527:Tigray War
1498:See also:
910:Sub-cities
809:, attacks
807:Tigray War
768:Tigray War
754:Tigray War
594:Menelik II
545:Raya Azebo
360:Population
339:Government
274:39°28âČ37âłE
271:13°29âČ49âłN
3258:Kombolcha
3193:Dire Dawa
3173:Dembidolo
3168:Degehabur
3113:Bahir Dar
2802:Gulomahda
2737:Abiy Addi
2717:Adwa Town
2319:March 15,
2044:109528178
1927:cite book
1695:, Germany
1594:Education
1556:Transport
1509:Livestock
1444:education
1370:Eritreans
861:Cityscape
852:Geography
787:Adventist
664:Dejazmach
659:dejazmach
629:dejazmach
403:(+251) 14
399:Area code
382:Time zone
352:Elevation
3133:Bishoftu
2989:Tselemti
2707:Abergele
2555:Archived
2531:Archived
2495:Archived
2436:Archived
2417:Archived
2260:13 March
1997:cite web
1876:cite web
1797:Archived
1771:Archived
1700:See also
1682:, Israel
1642:football
1485:Services
1428:Tigrinya
1420:Tigrayan
1401:Tigrinya
1350:Tigrayan
1267:Average
1262:(24.43)
1193:Average
989:) and a
738:Eritrean
450:Ethiopia
426:Tigrinya
311:Ethiopia
3339:Mekelle
3313:Weldiya
3283:Nekemte
3263:Mekelle
3238:Irgalem
3233:Hosaena
3198:Gambela
3123:Bedessa
3073:Adigrat
3010:Mekelle
2994:Tsimbla
2969:Sheraro
2936:Welkait
2931:Tsegede
2898:Maychew
2883:Alamata
2850:Enderta
2787:Adigrat
2727:Enticho
2673:of the
2671:Woredas
2381:22 June
1666:twinned
1454:Economy
1432:Amharic
1405:Amharic
1372:(0.99%)
1362:(1.59%)
1352:(96.5%)
1257:(0.04)
1252:(0.24)
1247:(0.12)
1242:(1.50)
1237:(8.86)
1232:(8.23)
1227:(1.50)
1222:(1.22)
1217:(1.57)
1212:(0.83)
1207:(0.24)
1202:(0.08)
1188:(50.7)
1183:(44.6)
1178:(48.2)
1173:(51.3)
1168:(51.6)
1163:(54.1)
1158:(54.1)
1153:(54.1)
1148:(54.1)
1143:(54.1)
1138:(50.7)
1133:(45.7)
1128:(45.3)
1118:(76.5)
1113:(72.7)
1108:(73.9)
1103:(75.9)
1098:(77.2)
1093:(73.8)
1088:(75.0)
1083:(80.8)
1078:(79.2)
1073:(79.2)
1068:(78.8)
1063:(77.0)
1058:(74.7)
957:Climate
940:ketenas
936:kebeles
882:Emperor
722:Maychew
625:Adigrat
557:Menelik
526:negarit
511:Enderta
498:Origins
487:History
477:Adigrat
454:Enderta
444:of the
442:capital
436:, is a
434:Mek'ele
422:Mekelle
409:Climate
376:545,635
368:525,475
299:Country
245:Mekelle
212:Mekelle
179:Mekelle
37:Mekelle
3303:Tebela
3293:Shanto
3288:Sebeta
3268:Moyale
3243:Jijiga
3223:Gununo
3218:Gondar
3203:Gesuba
3178:Dessie
3143:Boditi
3138:Bitena
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2807:Hawzen
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2289:entry
2256:. 2015
2237:Mekele
2042:
1954:
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1693:Witten
1668:with:
1629:Sports
1476:cement
1440:Muslim
1424:Amhara
1413:Muslim
1397:Amhara
1393:Tigray
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1368:
1366:
1360:Amhara
1358:
1356:
1348:
1346:
1333:Meskel
1009:Month
971:Köppen
969:. The
792:Police
790:city.
711:Agazi,
599:Tigray
562:Tigrai
515:Antalo
461:Tigray
457:awraja
432:), or
323:Tigray
318:Region
308:
3318:Wukro
3248:Jimma
3228:Harar
3188:Dimtu
3148:Bombe
3103:Awasa
3093:Areka
3063:Adama
2893:Korem
2878:Alaje
2827:Wukro
2667:Zones
2150:UNMEE
2040:S2CID
1982:(PDF)
1975:(PDF)
1917:[
1827:6 May
1817:(PDF)
1680:Ramla
1588:Qwiha
1235:225.0
1230:209.0
1048:Year
932:Quiha
889:Negus
726:Korem
583:amole
569:1871.
553:Shewa
513:made
387:UTC+3
3308:Sodo
3213:Gode
3208:Goba
3183:Dila
3118:Batu
3108:Axum
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3078:Adwa
2903:Ofla
2812:Irob
2722:Axum
2712:Adwa
2669:and
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2355:ISBN
2321:2018
2262:2018
2158:2018
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1882:link
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1636:and
1617:and
1573:IATA
1569:ICAO
1271:(%)
1240:38.0
1225:38.0
1220:31.0
1215:40.0
1210:21.0
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1166:10.9
1161:12.3
1156:12.3
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1136:10.4
1116:24.7
1111:22.6
1106:23.3
1101:24.4
1096:25.1
1091:23.2
1086:23.9
1081:27.1
1076:26.2
1071:26.2
1066:26.0
1061:25.0
1056:23.7
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1042:Nov
1039:Oct
1036:Sep
1033:Aug
1030:Jul
1027:Jun
1024:May
1021:Apr
1018:Mar
1015:Feb
1012:Jan
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875:Derg
842:TPLF
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798:The
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691:atse
617:atse
606:Adwa
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