Megawati Sukarnoputri

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called a press conference, stating that because she enjoyed the support of a majority of PDI members, she was now the de facto chair. Despite her relative lack of political experience, she was popular in part for her status as Sukarno's daughter and because she was seen as free of corruption with admirable personal qualities. Under her leadership, PDI gained a large following among the urban poor and both urban and rural middle classes.

5282: 5130: 1564:. General Sutarto also imposed martial law in Aceh for a period of six months and the Indonesian government subsequently deployed 1,500 soldiers and 12,000 police to the province. During the military operation, government forces would conduct numerous human rights abuses including torture, rape, forced disappearances, and murder. An estimated 1,159 rebels died with 147 civilians were killed and 155 wounded during the operation. 1932: 2250: 1315:

Sukarnoputri defended him and lashed out against critics. In 2001, Megawati Sukarnoputri began to distance herself from Abdurrahman Wahid as a Special Session of the MPR approached and her prospects of becoming president improved. Although she refused to make any specific comments, she showed signs of preparing herself, holding a meeting with party leaders a day before the Special Session was to start.

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be contested between Megawati Sukarnoputri and B. J. Habibie, but by late June Amien Rais had drawn the Islamic parties into a coalition called the Central Axis. The presidential election became a three-way race when Amien Rais floated the idea of nominating Wahid for president; but Abdurrahman Wahid did not provide a clear response to the proposal.

1004:(DPR) seat. The PDI accepted Megawati Sukarnoputri to boost their own image. Megawati Sukarnoputri quickly became popular, her status as Sukarno's daughter offsetting her lack of oratorical skills. Although PDI came last in the elections, Megawati Sukarnoputri was elected to the DPR. Like all members of the DPR she also became a member of the 1863:, touching on the stigma of the role of volunteers in winning the presidential election and emphasizing that only parties have the authority to nominate president and vice president. At the end of her speech, Megawati Sukarnoputri said that she was confident that the presidential and vice presidential candidates from her party coalition, 1057:. Suryadi's supporters (reportedly with the government's backing) attacked PDI Headquarters and faced resistance from Megawati Sukarnoputri supporters stationed there. In the ensuing fight, Megawati's supporters held on to the headquarters. A riot ensued, followed by a government crackdown. The government later blamed the riots on the 1255:, although she was not successful. By the time the MPR Annual Session assembled in August 2000, many considered Abdurrahman Wahid to be ineffective as president or as an administrator. Abdurrahman Wahid responded to this by issuing a presidential decree, giving Megawati Sukarnoputri day-to-day control of the government. 1677:

Simultaneously, other development sectors and political-economic policies support these prime mover sectors. Meanwhile, the basis of Maritime and Fisheries development is Sustainable Development, namely harmonizing efforts to increase economic growth, equal distribution of welfare and environmental preservation.

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B. J. Habibie made a poorly received speech on political accountability that led him to withdraw. The presidential election held on 20 October 1999 came down to Megawati Sukarnoputri and Abdurrahman Wahid. Megawati Sukarnoputri took an early lead, but was overtaken and lost with 313 votes compared to

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held a press conference at his house during which Megawati Sukarnoputri, Abdurrahman Wahid and Amien Rais were to announce that they would work together. At the last minute, Megawati Sukarnoputri chose not to attend, because she decided that she could not trust Amien. In June, the elections were held

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She passed Law No. 3 2002 on National Defense which outlines huge changes to the military. The policy stated in the law then became the forerunner of the definitions, goals, roles, targets and implementation of Indonesia's defenses. Apart from making Indonesia a safe country for its people and build

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With the victory, Megawati's presidential prospects solidified. She was opposed by PPP who did not want a female president. In preparation for the 1999 MPR General Session, PDI-P formed a loose coalition with PKB. As the MPR General Session approached, it seemed as if the presidential election would

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In 2003, Megawati launched a reforestation program in the form of the National Movement for Forest and Terrain Rehabilitation (GERHAN). This program aimed to address the need for rehabilitation of degraded areas which are increasing in size and the destruction of forests and land that has occurred.

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The rise of an icon of opposition against the Suharto regime to the presidency was initially widely welcomed, however it soon became apparent that her presidency was marked with indecisiveness, lack of clear ideological direction, and "a reputation for inaction on important policy issues". The good

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When the congress assembled, the government stalled and delayed attempts to hold the election. The congress faced a deadline when their permit to assemble would run out. As the hours ticked down to the end of the congress, troops began gathering. With only two hours remaining, Megawati Sukarnoputri

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One of the roles of the TNI in the democratic political system carried out by President Megawati was also specifically deciding to transfer the authority to carry out security operations in Maluku from the hands of the Police to the hands of the TNI which proved effective in restoring stability in

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which affects with the disbursement of an IMF loan of around SDR 400 million to strengthen the position of foreign exchange reserves for each LOI received. The partnership itself ends in 2003 due to her criticisms on IMF and World Bank's "confusing" suggestions in recovering Indonesia's economy.

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The TNI has pledged its commitment to continue carrying out its internal reforms by way of taking concrete measures to position itself professionally and functionally as the instrument of state defense and to uphold the enforcement of democracy as well as to abide by the law and to respect human

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launched the National Movement for Maritime and Fisheries Development (GERBANG MINA BAHARI). In essence, the movement establishes the Maritime and Fisheries sector, Maritime Tourism, Maritime Industry and Services, and Maritime Transportation as the prime mover of national economic development.

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Megawati Sukarnoputri had an ambivalent relationship with Abdurrahman Wahid. During the cabinet reshuffle of August 2000 for example, Megawati was not present for the announcement of the new line-up. At another occasion, when the political tide began to turn against Abdurrahman Wahid, Megawati

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Megawati's PDI-P and PKB coalition faced its first test when the MPR assembled to choose its chair. Megawati Sukarnoputri threw her support behind Matori Abdul Djalil, the Chair of PKB. He was overwhelmingly defeated by Amien Rais, who in addition to enjoying Central Axis support was backed by

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is carried out fairly to give authority to regions to manage their own regions while maintaining national unity and integrity. In guiding such autonomy and to preserve national unity, her government implements regional autonomy policies that are proportional and consistent, implementing fair

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was assassinated. Megawati’s government also postponed the implementing regulations for the establishment of the Papuan People’s Assembly (Majelis Rakyat Papua), and favored the issuance of a presidential decree to implement Law No. 45/1999 to divide Papua into three distinct provinces.

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Under Megawati, Indonesia reaffirmed its presence in Papua and positioned itself as the central government and ensured that the doctrine of independence and the ideas of freedom and self-determination did not emerge. Under the Megawati’s administration, West Papuan independence activist

804:. She also set up a general election system for the first time, in which the Indonesian people can directly elect the president and vice president, in addition to electing candidates for the legislature. As a result, she was given the title "Mother of Upholding the Constitution". 1217:

The next day, the MPR assembled to elect the vice president. PDI-P had considered nominating Megawati Sukarnoputri, but were concerned that the Central Axis and Golkar coalition would again thwart her. Instead, PKB nominated Megawati Sukarnoputri. She faced stiff competition from

2210: 1641:(SOE). According to Megawati, the privatization of SOEs is done to defend SOEs from public intervention and debt payments, to increase efficiency and competitiveness of the SOEs and to speed up economic growth from the private sector. Numerous state enterprises such as 1197:'s election as Head of DPR. At this stage, people became wary that Megawati Sukarnoputri, who best represented reform, was going to be obstructed by the political process and that the status quo was going to be preserved. PDI-P supporters began to gather in Jakarta. 1024:, had become critical of the government. The second was Budi Harjono a government-friendly figure whom the government backed. The third was Megawati Sukarnoputri. Her candidacy received such overwhelming support that her election at the Congress became a formality. 1891:

So far, Megawati Sukarnoputri is the only former president which somehow retained her influence within the government and even appointed to strategic positions with advisory capabilities. On 22 March 2018, she was appointed as Head of Steering Committee of

1441:(KPK). The establishment of the KPK was based on Megawati seeing that many institutions at that time were too dirty, so the KPK was formed. Long before that, the initial idea for forming the Corruption Eradication Committee emerged in the era of President 1592:

meetings in an attempt to renegotiate Indonesia's outstanding debts which result in Megawati able to delay the payments of US$ 5.8 billion of debts in a Paris Club meeting in 12 April 2002 and prepared a debt payment of Rp.116.3 billion on 2003.

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On 10 January 2024, during the 51st anniversary of PDI-P, Megawati Sukarnoputri made a speech about several strategic issues, such as neutrality of the authorities, democracy, elections and volunteers. She then gave a satirical speech for

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financial balance, increasing the distribution of easily accessible public services, correcting gaps in economic development and regional income, and respecting regional cultural values based on the mandate given by the Constitution.

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The government was outraged at its failure to prevent Megawati's rise. They never acknowledged Megawati Sukarnoputri although her self-appointment was ratified in 1994. In 1996, the government convened a special national congress in

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during her tenure as president. Megawati later criticize Jokowi's decision, quipping him for not carrying out the party line of struggle, which result in a controversy. Budi Gunawan was eventually appointed as the Director of the

4779: 1121:). The restrictions on Megawati Sukarnoputri were removed and she began to consolidate her political position. In October 1998, her supporters held a National Congress whereby Megawati's PDI faction would now be known as the 1457:

has undergone changes in order to suit their new roles in the democratic administration to be a military force that is more dynamic, ever-ready and flexible to changes. This is specified by Megawati on the following quote:

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Gerlach, Ricarda (2013): 'Mega' Expectations: Indonesia's Democratic Transition and First Female President. In: Derichs, Claudia/Mark R. Thompson (eds.): Dynasties and Female Political Leaders in Asia. Berlin et al.: LIT,

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943:. She danced for her father's guests and developed a gardening hobby. Megawati Sukarnoputri was 19 when her father relinquished power in 1966 and was succeeded by a government which eventually came to be led by President 1718:

Incumbent President Megawati Sukarnoputri was the PDI-P's top nominee, seeking to become the first woman elected in her own right as president of a Muslim-majority country. She was joined by vice-presidential candidate

2001:. Megawati also tends to cook dishes for her guests when she was Vice President and even memorize the guest's favorite food. She then stated that female officials in the government must know how to cook their meals. 5465: 5318: 1357: 766: 1490:

to assist the military in non-military threats. In 2002, she prepared a budget of IDR 7,5 billion for TNI/POLRI's welfare programs which includes housing for personnels of each branch and facility improvements.

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suggesting that Yudhoyono's supporters were trying to manipulate the vote. Megawati Sukarnoputri and Prabowo Subianto lost the election to Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, coming in second with 26.79% of the vote.

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were privatized. In her own journal, Megawati's privatization drive has successfully increased economic growth by 4.1% and suppressed inflation by 5.06%. However, her privatization on SOEs especially on

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Rokhmin Dahuri, Megawati has long loved plants. Rokhmin said that her personal hobby has also made Megawati to be more aware and concerned about policies related to environmental conservation.

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at a PDI-P gathering. Soetardjo Soerjoguritno confirmed her willingness to be nominated as her party's presidential candidate. Her nomination for president was announced on 15 May 2009, with

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peace with, the defense policy also includes Indonesia's geographical aspects as an archipelagic country as a consideration to make preparations on national defense. In this policy, the

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side of slow progress of reforms and avoiding confrontations was that she stabilized the overall democratization process and relationship between legislative, executive, and military.

6344: 6339: 762: 1226:. Well aware of the riots, Akbar Tandjung and Wiranto withdrew. Hamzah Haz stayed in the race, but Megawati defeated him 396 to 284. In her inauguration speech, she called for calm. 5570: 5451: 5304: 3150: 6259: 4176: 1280:

Megawati Sukarnoputri consolidated her position within PDI-P by taking harsh measures to remove potential rivals. During the election for the chair, two other candidates emerged;

1144:(PAN), became the leading reform forces. Despite their popularity, Megawati Sukarnoputri, Abdurrahman Wahid and Amien Rais adopted a moderate stance, preferring to wait until the 2213: 3387: 1871:, would win in just one round in the 2024 presidential election. She added that Ganjar Pranowo and Mahfud MD were energetic, intelligent and cared about the little people. 6274: 4745: 4693: 1981:

and she has her own speciality in this dish. Her fried rice is often used as her political tool when dealing with other politicians. According to PDI-P Secretary General

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As vice president, Megawati Sukarnoputri had considerable authority by virtue of her commanding many seats in the DPR. Abdurrahman Wahid delegated to her the problems in

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opposition parties held their congresses, the government actively interfered. As the Congress approached, three individuals contended for the PDI chair. The incumbent,

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Fujikawa, K. (2017). Drifting between Accommodation and Repression: Explaining Indonesia’s Policies towards its Separatists. The Pacific Review, 30(5), 655-673. DOI:

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that reelected Suryadi as chair. Megawati Sukarnoputri and her camp refused to acknowledge the results and the PDI divided into pro-Megawati and anti-Megawati camps.

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in a hotly contested election. Later, the relationship between Megawati Sukarnoputri and Joko Widodo became strained as she pushed for Police Commissary General

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with the third amendment being held on 10 November 2001 and the fourth amendment held on 1–11 August 2002. These amendments contributed to the formation of the

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and Dimyati Hartono. They ran because they did not want Megawati Sukarnoputri to serve concurrently as both chair and vice president. Eros' nomination from the

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in the second round, by 61 percent to 39 percent, on 20 September 2004. She did not attend the new president's inauguration, and never had congratulated him.

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Since her inauguration, Megawati's administration strive to provide conditions that conducive to rebuilding the economy that has been in ruins ever since the

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As the elections approached, Megawati Sukarnoputri, Abdurrahman Wahid and Amien Rais considered forming a political coalition against President Habibie and

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Parti Politik Indonesia 1999–2019: Konsentrasi dan Dekonsentrasi Kuasa (Indonesian Political Parties 1999–2019: Concentration and Deconcentration of Power)

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Megawati Sukarnoputri was not reelected, but continued as a PDI member. In December 1993, the PDI held a national congress. As was always the case when

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In 1986, Suharto gave the status of Proclamation Hero to Sukarno in a ceremony attended by Megawati Sukarnoputri. Suharto's acknowledgment enabled the

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Despite what seemed to be a political defeat, Megawati Sukarnoputri scored a moral victory and her popularity grew. When the time came for the

3452: 2545: 2474: 2344: 4616: 4456: 1300:(DPR) member, but left the party to become a university lecturer. In April 2002, Dimyati formed the Our Homeland of Indonesia Party (PITA). 1288:

branch was voided by membership problems. Eros was not allowed to participate in the Congress. Disillusioned with what he perceived to be a

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One of her national development focus and leading sector is Indonesia's marine and fisheries economy. On 7 June 2003, Megawati on board

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between 1998 to 2001. During the early periods of her administration, Indonesia has US$ 105.8 billion in debt which was inherited from

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aristocracy, one of his nine wives. Megawati Sukarnoputri was Sukarno's second child and second daughter. She grew up in her father's

2900: 2861: 2625: 3836: 2923:"Megawati Beri Pengarahan Peserta Rakermas PDIP (Megawati Gives Guidance to Participants at the PDIP National Coordinating Meeting)" 717: 5578: 4309: 2295: 2054: 1701: 1058: 3589: 1445:

who issued Law Number 28 of 1999 concerning State Administration that was clean and free from corruption, collusion and nepotism.

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Power and Political Culture in Suharto's Indonesia: The Indonesian Democratic Party (PDI) and Decline of the New Order (1986–98)

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Power and Political Culture in Suharto's Indonesia: The Indonesian Democratic Party (PDI) and Decline of the New Order (1986–98)

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Power and Political Culture in Suharto's Indonesia: The Indonesian Democratic Party (PDI) and Decline of the New Order (1986–98)

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McGibbon, R. (2004) Secessionist Challenges in Aceh and Papua: is Special Autonomy the Solution? Washington: East-West Centre

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At the 4th PDI-P National Congress on 20 September 2014, Megawati Sukarnoputri was reappointed Chair of PDI-P for 2015-2020.

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hinted at a possible reconciliation in the 2014 general election between the families of Megawati Sukarnoputri and President

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on 25 March 1973. He died on 8 June 2013. She has three children, Mohammad Rizki Pratama, Muhammad Prananda Prabowo, and

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On 24 February 2012, Megawati Sukarnoputri distanced herself from polls that placed her as a top contender for the

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is placed as the main defense component, supported by reserves and supporting components. Megawati also involved

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to begin major changes. In November 1998, Megawati Sukarnoputri, together with Abdurrahman Wahid, Amien Rais and

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Jakarta Governor Joko Widodo has been declared the winner of Indonesia's hotly contested presidential election.

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meaning 'cloud goddess'. In a speech to the students of the Sri Sathya Sai Primary School, she mentioned that

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Robinson, Richard; Rosser, Andrew (2 December 1998). "Contesting reform: Indonesia's new order and the IMF".

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https://web.archive.org/web/20081028190213/http://www.kairoscanada.org/e/countries/indonesia/background.asp

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and reduced combat readiness of all Indonesian military units down to 50%. As a result, Megawati turned to

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wanted to entertain a number of demonstrators. Well known recipients of her fried rice includes President

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diplomat. The marriage was annulled by the Religious Court less than 3 months later. She then married

1125:(PDI-P). Megawati Sukarnoputri was elected chair and was nominated as PDI-P's presidential candidate. 5871: 4753: 4701: 3645: 2236: 1608: 1409: 1361: 773:. She is also the first Indonesian president and as of 2023 the only vice president to be born after 675: 1335: 6294: 6254: 5678: 5662: 5652: 5605: 5489: 5431: 5342: 5089: 4867: 4115: 1812: 1732: 1405: 1239: 1133: 1074: 786: 681: 124: 3332: 1834:

for the post of the Indonesian Police Chief, despite him being investigated for corruption by the

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and was seated in the 4th Commission that deals with agriculture, forestry, and transmigration.

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appeared to have been registered in her name. On 27 December 2012, the daily edition of the

899:, with his children Megawati Sukarnoputri and Guntur, while receiving Indian Prime Minister 6239: 5749: 5739: 5719: 5202: 1949: 1622: 1519: 1277:, in April 2000, at which Megawati Sukarnoputri was re-elected as chair for a second term. 1102: 1021: 307: 3698: 3693: 2897:"Fighting in the Malukus heightens tensions across Indonesia and within the Wahid cabinet" 2896: 2868: 2629: 2023: 1900:

Steering Committee since 5 May 2021, and she was formally appointed on 13 September 2021.

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and subsequently swore in Megawati Sukarnoputri as the new president. She thus became the

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Wahid's 373. Megawati's loss provoked her supporters to revolt. Riots raged in Java and

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Contesting Megawati: The Mediation of Islam and Nation in Times of Political Transition

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Megawati Sukarnoputri with Joko Widodo and Jusuf Kalla (2nd and 3rd from left) in 2016.

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for military cooperation, resulting in the acquisition of military equipment such as

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attack helicopters in order to effectively defend Indonesia from external threats.

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She also enjoyed gardening. This hobby was stemmed to her when she was a member of

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Women of power – half a century of female presidents and prime ministers worldwide

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Women of power – half a century of female presidents and prime ministers worldwide

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Megawati Sukarnoputri as a member of the People's Representative Council in 1987.

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30th Anniversary of the Independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan Jubilee Medal

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For the 2014 general election, the PDI-P and their coalition partners nominated

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Golkar. The Golkar and Central Axis coalition struck again when they secured

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to study agriculture but dropped out in 1967 to be with her father following

904: 871: 602: 564: 163: 4142:"Presiden ingin posisi Kepala BIN dijabat Budi Gunawan, bekas tersangka KPK" 2420:"Speech by Indian President R K Narayanan in honor of Megawati Sukarnoputri" 750:; born 23 January 1947) is an Indonesian politician who served as the fifth 6026: 5733: 5642: 5473: 5427: 5326: 5212: 4022: 2956:"Kisah Para Penantang Yang Terpental (The Story of the Ousted Challengers)" 1916: 1831: 1807: 1527: 1515: 1499: 1418: 1274: 1061:(PRD), and continued to recognize Suryadi's faction as the official party. 875: 770: 233: 5022: 1773: 1753:

On 11 September 2007 Megawati Sukarnoputri announced her candidacy in the

1073:, Megawati Sukarnoputri and her supporters threw their support behind the 6152: 6007: 5638: 5528: 5346: 5242: 5232: 5094: 2347:[Are You Curious, How Tall Are All the Presidents of Indonesia]. 2228: 2080: 1978: 1860: 1823: 1802: 1768:

Megawati's 2009 race was overshadowed by her calls to change Indonesia's

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developing around Megawati, Eros left PDI-P. In July 2002, he formed the

1281: 1165: 924: 852: 836: 3333:"Kepemimpinan Presiden Megawati Pada Era Krisis Multidimensi, 2001-2004" 1883:

Megawati Sukarnoputri at the inauguration of the South Korean president

1494:

Internationally, the military was hit by an arms embargo imposed by the

1360:

to lead a Muslim-majority country. On 10 August 2001, she announced her

5887: 5877: 5817: 5787: 5423: 5409: 5227: 5207: 5197: 4894: 3205:(Un) Civil Society and Political Change in Indonesia: A Contested Arena 2445: 2201: 1798: 1630: 1585: 1507: 1340: 1219: 1137: 967:. In 1970, the year her father died, Megawati Sukarnoputri went to the 912: 832: 703: 698: 655: 459: 100: 38: 34: 4617:"Soekarno, Megawati, dan penghargaan "Order of Friendship" dari Rusia" 2263: 1152:

reiterated their commitment to reform through the Ciganjur Statement.

6015: 5581: 4652: 4457:"Megawati Kunjungi Kebun Raya Kuningan: Saya Sebetulnya Hobi Tanaman" 3016: 1868: 1531: 1206: 928: 621: 396: 353: 250: 212: 4204:"Poin-poin Pidato Megawati di HUT PDIP, Kritik Keras untuk Penguasa" 3564:"Perjalanan Politik Megawati, 3 Warisannya yang Dipuji dan Di-bully" 1826:

as their candidate for president. Joko Widodo defeated his opponent

1343:

congratulates Megawati Sukarnoputri on her appointment as president.

5615: 5493: 5237: 4054: 3995: 3273:"Amandemen UUD 1945: Sejarah & Isi Perubahan Ketiga Tahun 2001" 3115:

Muslims in Global Politics: Identities, Interests, and Human Rights

2705:"KOMPAS-11: PARTAI DEMOKRASI INDONESIA PERJUANGAN (PDI PERJUANGAN)" 2345:"Penasaran Tidak, Berapa Sih Tinggi Badan Semua Presiden Indonesia" 1954:, whom she married on 1 June 1968. He perished in a plane crash in 1908:

On 4 October 2023, Megawati Sukarnoputri had a meeting with former

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especially in local governments, political parties, and elections.

1270: 867: 4560:"Megawati Terima Penghargaan Medali Yobel dari Presiden Kazakstan" 1931: 6213: 5957: 5532: 5395: 5069: 5064: 4996: 4534:"Jubilee Medal presented to Ex-President of Indonesia in Jakarta" 1986: 1797:. As Chair of PDI-P, she appealed to her party at a gathering in 1659: 1654: 1223: 1050: 960: 944: 916: 896: 828: 812: 615: 26: 3834: 2373:

Fight Like a Girl, Second Edition: How to Be a Fearless Feminist

2318:"Megawati Gets Honorary Doctorate from Fujian Normal University" 5713: 5632: 5536: 5403: 4814: 4784: 4409:"Kisah Soekarno Minta Megawati Masak Nasi Goreng untuk Pendemo" 3803: 3744: 3373:. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama (published 11 February 2019). 2255: 1723:, general chairman of Indonesia's largest Islamic organisation 1523: 1161: 242:

Chairperson of the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle

4351:"Akhir Kerja 'Sunyi' Prananda Prabowo, Putra Mahkota Megawati" 4086:"Indonesia Police Chief Furor Hurts Widodo's Anti-Graft Image" 1097:

and showed severe economic distress. By late January 1998 the

5625: 5004: 4578: 1963: 1049:

Suryadi began threatening to take back PDI's Headquarters in

1038: 3835:

Hutapea, Febriamy; Sihaloho, Markus Junianto (16 May 2009).

3440:"Melawan Lupa, 19 Mei 2003, Megawati Berlakukan DOM di Aceh" 3371:

The Brave Lady: Megawati dalam Catatan Kabinet Gotong Royong

3141:"With Politics and Market in Mind, Megawati Picks a Cabinet" 2209: 761:

Megawati Sukarnoputri is Indonesia's first and to date only

6185: 5775: 4648:

Profiles of People in Power: the World's Government Leaders

4349:

Kusumadewi, Anggi; Pratama, Aulia Bintang (12 April 2015).

1955: 1556:, Megawati gave the 12th Indonesian Military Chief General 1202: 5926: 3415:"Kisah Embargo AS dan Sukhoi Rusia di Balik Jet Tempur RI" 2862:"Indonesia in Transition: The 1999 Presidential Elections" 1352:

On 23 July 2001, the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR)

1325:

Post-Suharto era § Presidency of Megawati (2001–2004)

6345:

Women members of the House of Representatives (Indonesia)

6340:

Members of the House of Representatives (Indonesia), 1987

4116:"Sindiran Megawati ke Jokowi, kritik atau campur tangan?" 1637:

Her administration is widely known for privatizations of

1552:

refusal of the Tokyo peace deal which planned to end the

4780:""Most Powerful Women 2004 No. 8 Megawati Sukarnoputri"" 3272: 3081:

Abdurrahman Wahid: Muslim Democrat, Indonesian President

3050:

Abdurrahman Wahid: Muslim Democrat, Indonesian President

2798:

Abdurrahman Wahid: Muslim Democrat, Indonesian President

2733:

Abdurrahman Wahid: Muslim Democrat, Indonesian President

1731:

for its ballot. However, she was decisively defeated by

1371:

President Megawati Sukarnoputri during her visit to the

6260:

Candidates in the 2009 Indonesian presidential election

3562:

Nailufar, Nibras Nada; Margianto, Heru (26 July 2019).

1109:

and the assumption of the presidency by Vice President

796:

Megawati Sukarnoputri was instrumental in creating the

1176: 3837:"With Mega and Prabowo In, A Three-Horse Race Begins" 3799:""Indonesia's Megawati in presidential comeback bid"" 3181:. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 146. 2767:. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. p. 971:

to study psychology but dropped out after two years.

4835:

Biography of Megawati Sukarnoputri at SekolahVirtual

4712: 4230:"2 Jabatan Dewan Pengarah Megawati Pemberian Jokowi" 3962:"Dihembuskan 'Angin Surga' Megawati Tak Mau Terlena" 3613: 2288:"PM meets with former Indonesian President Megawati" 1011: 6275:

Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle politicians

4500:"Award – President of Indonesia Collection Website" 4261:"Diketuai Megawati, Ini Daftar Dewan Pengarah BRIN" 4169:"Megawati Didukung karena Sanggup Persatukan PDI-P" 3867:"Megawati cries foul in Indonesian election battle" 3287:"Latar Belakang Pembentukan Mahkamah Konstitusi RI" 1801:to focus on its current priorities. Nonetheless, a 1662:generated criticisms and Megawati was accused as a 1433:In combating rampant corruption inherited from the 1093:In mid-1997, Indonesia began to be affected by the 285:

Chairperson of the Indonesian Democratic Party

4494: 4492: 4490: 4488: 4486: 4484: 4482: 4480: 4478: 4050:"Joko Widodo wins Indonesia presidential election" 3507:"Perjalanan Reformasi Ekonomi Indonesia 1997-2016" 3413:Kusumadewi, Anggi; Armenia, Resty (2 March 2016). 4348: 3561: 3520:. Center for Strategic and International Studies. 3412: 3270: 3118:. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 206. 3010:Deannova, Alfito; Indradi, Donni (7 April 2002). 2891: 2889: 2856: 2854: 2852: 2850: 2790: 2788: 2540: 2538: 2536: 1985:, her fried rice recipe was made when her father 1596:Megawati restored cooperative relations with the 1187: 6231: 5174: 4806:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( 3504: 2658:(4th ed.). London: MacMillan. p. 519. 2578:(4th ed.). London: MacMillan. p. 517. 2469: 2467: 1243:Megawati's official vice-presidential portrait, 4750:Westminster Papers in Communication and Culture 4698:Westminster Papers in Communication and Culture 4475: 3009: 2833:(4th ed.). London: MacMillan. p. 38. 1874: 1815:and their political parties, her PDI-P and his 1258: 4788:. Archived from the original on 13 August 2010 4645:East, Roger; Thomas, Richard (5 August 2003). 4316:. Archived from the original on 19 August 2002 3477: 3201: 3107: 3105: 2980: 2886: 2847: 2785: 2533: 2048:Star of the Republic of Indonesia, 2nd Class ( 1943:Megawati's first husband was First Lieutenant 1562:military operations against the GAM separatist 1229: 1212: 37:, and the person should be referred to by the 5942: 5564: 5459: 5312: 5160: 5038: 4259:Erwanti, Marlinda Oktavia (13 October 2021). 3740:"5 Pasang Capres-Cawapres Peroleh Nomor Urut" 3634:https://doi.org/10.1080/09512748.2017.1293713 3178:The Indonesian Parliament and Democratization 3170: 3168: 2498: 2496: 2464: 1707: 775:Indonesia proclaimed its independence in 1945 6360:Recipients of the Order of the National Flag 5693:Parties represented in regional legislatures 3828: 3748:(in Indonesian). 24 May 2004. Archived from 3330: 1169:and PDI-P came first with 33% of the votes. 1088: 1077:(PPP), the other approved opposition party. 1064: 1053:. This threat was carried on the morning of 731:Diah Permata Megawati Setiawati Sukarnoputri 444:Diah Permata Megawati Setiawati Sukarnoputri 5052: 4823:The Princess Who Settled for the Presidency 3587: 3368: 3111: 3102: 881: 807:She is the first and current leader of the 388:Chairperson of BPIP Steering Committee 345:Chairperson of BRIN Steering Committee 225:1 October 1987 – 30 September 1997 5949: 5935: 5571: 5557: 5466: 5452: 5319: 5305: 5281: 5167: 5153: 5129: 5045: 5031: 4644: 4376:Mappapa, Pasti Liberti (24 January 2017). 3897: 3614:Sarwanto, Agus; Mar'iyah, Chusnul (2004). 3174: 3165: 2953: 2831:A History of Modern Indonesia Since c.1300 2656:A History of Modern Indonesia Since c.1300 2576:A History of Modern Indonesia Since c.1300 2502: 2493: 1606:Coordinating Minister for Economic Affairs 1474:2002. President Megawati also revived the 843:often do not have family names, similarly 58: 6285:20th-century Indonesian women politicians 6250:21st-century Indonesian women politicians 4504:Indonesian Presidential Library Materials 4428: 3992:"PERJUANGAN ADALAH PELAKSANAAN KATA KATA" 3774:Political Islam and Violence in Indonesia 3684: 3348: 3266: 3264: 2683:. Denmark: NIAS Press. pp. 280–281. 1318: 1303: 194:1 October 1999 – 21 October 1999 4166: 4083: 3369:Dahuri, Rokhmin; Samah, Kristin (2019). 2825: 2650: 2570: 1930: 1878: 1853: 1784: 1780: 1748: 1702:Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries 1366: 1334: 1238: 1044: 983: 890: 886: 16:President of Indonesia from 2001 to 2004 5586:Leaders of Indonesian political parties 4375: 4258: 3530: 3388:"Presiden Megawati dan Pembentukan KPK" 3240: 3112:Monshipouri, Mahmood (1 January 2011). 2519:. Denmark: NIAS Press. pp. 93–96. 2342: 1898:National Research and Innovation Agency 1727:(NU). The pair was assigned the number 1476:Iskandar Muda Regional Military Command 1421:outlined her administration's focus on 1265:Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle 1209:, PDI-P masses attacked Amien's house. 1155: 1123:Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle 979: 809:Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle 524: 297:22 January 1993 – 27 July 1996 145:21 October 1999 – 23 July 2001 88:23 July 2001 – 20 October 2004 6232: 6203:(now Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)) 4429:Andryanto, S. Dian (24 January 2023). 4407:Ihsan, Danang Nur (13 February 2021). 4307: 4018:"Megawati, SBY hint at reconciliation" 3732: 3505:Aswicahyono, Haryo; Christian, David. 3326: 3324: 3322: 3320: 3261: 3175:Ziegenhain, Patrick (1 January 2008). 3138: 3077: 3046: 3012:"Dimyati Hartono Mendeklarasikan PITA" 2794: 2760: 2729: 2294:. The Korea Herald. 14 November 2017. 2174:Star of Swa Bhuwana Paksa, 1st Class ( 2138:Star of Kartika Eka Paksi, 1st Class ( 1896:. She also gained position as Head of 1743: 1544:2003–2004 Indonesian offensive in Aceh 1537: 5930: 5552: 5476:2009 Indonesian presidential election 5447: 5329:2004 Indonesian presidential election 5300: 5148: 5026: 4614: 4424: 4422: 4406: 4198: 4196: 4194: 4167:Akuntono, Indra (20 September 2014). 3770: 3557: 3555: 3553: 3382: 3380: 3364: 3362: 3360: 3331:Sukarnoputri, Megawati (April 2021). 3318: 3316: 3314: 3312: 3310: 3308: 3306: 3304: 3302: 3300: 3279: 3271:Iswara N. Raditya (14 October 2019). 2954:Firmansyah, Arif (11 February 2005). 2678: 2598: 2514: 2369: 2055:Bintang Republik Indonesia Adipradana 1997:. The recipe was revealed during the 1894:Pancasila Ideology Development Agency 1714:2004 Indonesian presidential election 1331:Inauguration of Megawati Sukarnoputri 1269:The First PDI-P Congress was held in 1183:1999 Indonesian presidential election 1031: 858:. She is often referred to as simply 793:, losing to Yudhoyono a second time. 777:. After serving as vice president to 754:(2001–2004) and the country's eighth 737: 580: 5990:Raden Soekemi Sosrodihardjo (father) 4271:from the original on 14 October 2021 4240:from the original on 13 October 2021 3898:Pasandaran, Camelia (23 July 2009). 3771:Abuza, Zachary (25 September 2006). 3714:"Megawati, Tanaman, dan Pembangunan" 3673:Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional 3247:. Federation Press. pp. 17–19. 2903:from the original on 27 October 2012 2603:. Denmark: NIAS Press. p. 271. 1600:(IMF) which has been delayed during 549: 182:People's Representative Council 6290:20th-century Indonesian politicians 6265:Children of presidents of Indonesia 6245:21st-century Indonesian politicians 5848:Other parties participating in the 4763:Skard, Torild (2014) "Megawati" in 4673:Skard, Torild (2014) "Megawati" in 4084:Brummitt, Chris (21 January 2015). 3932:"Indonesian Survey Institute (LSI)" 3711: 3234: 2037:Bintang Republik Indonesia Adipurna 2016: 1935:Megawati Sukarnoputri with husband 1903: 1838:(KPK). Budi Gunawan was Megawati's 1177:1999 indirect presidential election 974: 584: 520: 13: 6201:Technische Hoogeschool te Bandoeng 4638: 4454: 4419: 4388:from the original on 28 March 2022 4357:from the original on 17 April 2022 4236:(in Indonesian). 13 October 2021. 4191: 4179:from the original on 23 April 2022 4096:from the original on 25 March 2023 4026:. 27 December 2012. Archived from 3968:. 24 February 2012. Archived from 3938:. 23 February 2012. Archived from 3550: 3377: 3357: 3297: 3222:from the original on 24 March 2023 3153:from the original on 17 April 2022 3028:from the original on 17 April 2022 2626:"Kronologi Peristiwa 27 Juli 1996" 2623: 2404:. 28 November 2022. Archived from 2298:from the original on 20 March 2018 2188: 1738: 1680: 1101:fell to nearly 15,000 against the 911:Megawati Sukarnoputri was born in 802:combatting corruption in Indonesia 14: 6371: 4708: 4148:(in Indonesian). 3 September 2016 4062:from the original on 27 July 2014 3531:Hidayat, Bagja (16 August 2004). 3337:Jurnal Pertahanan Dan Bela Negara 3291:Constitutional Court of Indonesia 3084:. Singapore: UNSW Press. p. 3053:. Singapore: UNSW Press. p. 2801:. Singapore: UNSW Press. p. 2736:. Singapore: UNSW Press. p. 2707:. Seasite.niu.edu. Archived from 2120:Star of Yudha Dharma, 1st Class ( 2028:Star of the Republic of Indonesia 1999:2019 Indonesian general elections 1836:Corruption Eradication Commission 1439:Corruption Eradication Commission 1012:Indonesian Democratic Party chair 921:declared Indonesia's independence 798:Corruption Eradication Commission 493:158 cm (5 ft 2 in) 6184: 5580: 5280: 5271: 5270: 5257: 5128: 5119: 5118: 5105: 4729: 4715: 4353:(in Indonesian). CNN Indonesia. 3692: 2935:from the original on 18 May 2022 2262: 2248: 2235: 2221: 2208: 2194: 2169: 2151: 2133: 2115: 2097: 2079: 2061: 2043: 2022: 1926: 1502:accused Indonesia of conducting 1484:Indonesian National Armed Forces 1455:Indonesian National Armed Forces 1310:Impeachment of Abdurrahman Wahid 1080: 878:named her at Sukarno's request. 716: 553: 4889:21 October 1999 – 23 July 2001 4862:23 July 2001 – 20 October 2004 4608: 4566:(in Indonesian). 13 August 2022 4552: 4526: 4448: 4400: 4369: 4342: 4308:Guerin, Bill (17 August 2002). 4301: 4283: 4252: 4222: 4160: 4134: 4108: 4077: 4042: 4010: 3984: 3954: 3924: 3891: 3859: 3791: 3764: 3705: 3661: 3652: 3638: 3626: 3607: 3581: 3524: 3498: 3471: 3457: 3446: 3432: 3406: 3202:Beittinger-Lee, Verena (2009). 3195: 3139:Mydans, Seth (10 August 2001). 3132: 3071: 3040: 3003: 2974: 2947: 2931:(in Indonesian). 29 July 2003. 2915: 2819: 2754: 2723: 2697: 2672: 2644: 2617: 2592: 2564: 2508: 2181:Bintang Swa Bhuwana Paksa Utama 2145:Bintang Kartika Eka Paksi Utama 2102:Star of Culture Parama Dharma ( 2066:Star of Mahaputera, 1st Class ( 1576:and the political crisis since 1554:decades long insurgency in Aceh 1548:On 19 May 2003, in response of 1375:. Beside her is U.S. president 1298:People's Representative Council 1002:People's Representative Council 955:Megawati Sukarnoputri attended 576: 545: 516: 6350:First women presidents in Asia 5911:Political parties in Indonesia 4615:Hakim, Syaiful (2 June 2021). 4122:(in Indonesian). 13 April 2015 3712:Lee, Antony (27 August 2019). 3597:Jurnak Analisis Sosial Politik 2438: 2412: 2390: 2370:Seely, Megan (6 August 2019). 2363: 2336: 2310: 2280: 1694: 1488:non-governmental organizations 1425:, where the implementation of 1222:, Akbar Tandjung, and General 1188:Election of Wahid as president 1006:People's Consultative Assembly 851:society often do not carry on 847:living outside of traditional 739:[meɡawatisukarnɔputri] 1: 6355:21st-century women presidents 6335:Women vice presidents in Asia 4914:Chairperson of the Indonesian 4508:National Library of Indonesia 3875:. 6 July 2009. Archived from 3492:10.1016/S0305-750X(98)00056-4 2899:. Wsws.org. 10 January 2000. 2274: 2156:Star of Jalasena, 1st Class ( 1584:. As president, she attended 422:Herself (as Head of UKP-PIP) 6325:Vice presidents of Indonesia 5176:Vice presidents of Indonesia 4916:Democratic Party of Struggle 3514:CSIS Economics Working Paper 2343:Romi J. (20 November 2020). 2109:Bintang Budaya Parama Dharma 1875:Post-presidency appointments 1259:2000 PDI-P National Congress 950: 7: 6305:Politicians from Yogyakarta 5993:Ida Ayu Nyoman Rai (mother) 5956: 4885:Vice President of Indonesia 3646:"KEPPRES No. 45 Tahun 1999" 2243:, 1st Class (28 March 2002) 2073:Bintang Mahaputera Adipurna 1598:International Monetary Fund 1574:1997 Asian financial crisis 1448: 1404:and the dissolution of the 1387: 1347: 1294:Freedom Bull National Party 1230:Vice presidency (1999–2001) 1213:Selection as vice president 994:Indonesian Democratic Party 133:Vice President of Indonesia 10: 6376: 6270:Female heads of government 3777:. Routledge. p. 110. 3244:Indonesia: Law and Society 2985:(in Indonesian). Jakarta: 2624:B., Edy (10 August 1996). 2376:. NYU Press. p. 121. 2241:Order of the National Flag 2127:Bintang Yudha Dharma Utama 2084:Star of Merit, 1st Class ( 2011: 1977:Megawati is known to love 1795:2014 presidential election 1755:2009 presidential election 1711: 1708:2004 presidential election 1653:and most controversially, 1620:Governor of Bank Indonesia 1567: 1541: 1328: 1322: 1307: 1262: 1180: 1113:in May 1998, starting the 998:1987 legislative elections 927:2 years prior in 1945 and 791:2009 presidential election 783:2004 presidential election 20: 6210: 6193: 6182: 6127: 6044: 6000: 5983: 5976: 5964: 5901: 5847: 5773: 5692: 5591: 5507: 5482: 5388: 5360: 5335: 5266: 5255: 5182: 5114: 5103: 5060: 5011: 5001: 4993: 4988: 4981: 4970: 4957: 4950: 4939: 4934: 4929: 4922: 4911: 4906: 4901: 4891: 4882: 4874: 4864: 4855: 4847: 4842: 4767:. Bristol: Policy Press, 4754:University of Westminster 4702:University of Westminster 4677:. Bristol: Policy Press, 4455:Antony, Noval Dhwinuari. 4378:"Tiga Laki-laki Megawati" 4334:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 3686:10.7454/global.v24i2.1253 3588:Ma'arif, Syamsul (2019). 3241:Lindsey, Timothy (2008). 3208:. Routledge. p. 78. 2761:Friend, Theodore (2003). 1845:State Intelligence Agency 1609:Dorodjatun Kuntjoro-Jakti 1604:'s presidency by tasking 1560:, permission to commence 1410:Constitution of Indonesia 1398:constitutional amendments 1362:Mutual Assistance Cabinet 1354:removed Wahid from office 1234: 1146:1999 legislative election 1089:1999 legislative election 1071:1997 legislative election 1065:1997 legislative election 1059:People's Democratic Party 724: 712: 691: 676:Mokpo National University 654: 631: 608: 597: 535:Hassan Gamal Ahmad Hassan 497: 489: 476: 466: 439: 434: 430: 416: 404: 393: 385: 373: 361: 350: 342: 338: 334: 327: 323: 313: 301: 290: 282: 270: 258: 247: 239: 229: 218: 208: 198: 187: 179: 169: 157: 149: 138: 130: 118: 106: 92: 81: 73: 69: 57: 50: 6330:Women presidents in Asia 6105:Levana (daughter-in-law) 6099:Sabina (daughter-in-law) 5679:Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono 5490:Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono 5343:Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono 5090:Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono 4902:Party political offices 4868:Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono 3936:Lembaga Survei Indonesia 3350:10.33172/jpbh.v11i1.1211 2324:. Temco. 5 November 2018 2006:House of Representatives 1910:Malaysian Prime Minister 1813:Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono 1733:Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono 1416:Minister of Home Affairs 1406:Supreme Advisory Council 1134:National Awakening Party 1075:United Development Party 903:along with his daughter 882:Early life and education 800:, an agency tasked with 787:Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono 682:Fujian Normal University 125:Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono 6310:Presidents of Indonesia 6164:Paundrakarna (grandson) 6054:Henny (daughter-in-law) 5054:Presidents of Indonesia 4690:University of Amsterdam 4310:"Indonesia's First Man" 3679:(2). 30 November 2022. 2981:Litbang Kompas (2016). 2958:. Tempo. Archived from 2628:. Tempo. Archived from 2451:20 October 2014 at the 1639:state owned enterprises 1392:Reforms conducted from 969:University of Indonesia 818: 789:. She ran again in the 771:Muslim-majority country 670:University of Indonesia 64:Official portrait, 2001 6221:President of Indonesia 6155:(granddaughter-in-law) 5970:President of Indonesia 5804:Muhibbussabri A. Wahab 4858:President of Indonesia 4831:. Friday 27 July 2001. 4295:www.thejakartapost.com 2679:Eklöf, Stefan (2003). 2599:Eklöf, Stefan (2003). 2515:Eklöf, Stefan (2003). 2503:East & Thomas 2003 2446:Obituary: Biju Patnaik 2179: 2163:Bintang Jalasena Utama 2161: 2143: 2125: 2107: 2089: 2071: 2053: 2035: 1940: 1888: 1790: 1504:human rights violation 1471: 1380: 1344: 1319:Presidency (2001–2004) 1304:Rise to the presidency 1248: 1142:National Mandate Party 1095:Asian Financial Crisis 989: 957:Padjadjaran University 908: 827:(meaning "daughter of 785:, but was defeated by 752:president of Indonesia 664:Padjadjaran University 76:President of Indonesia 6167:Menur (granddaughter) 6158:Marhaendra (grandson) 6063:Surindro (son-in-law) 5916:Politics of Indonesia 5824:Tu Bulqaini Tanjongan 5622:Megawati Sukarnoputri 5515:Megawati Sukarnoputri 5371:Megawati Sukarnoputri 5223:Megawati Sukarnoputri 5085:Megawati Sukarnoputri 4688:Wichelen, Sonja van ( 3620:Universitas Indonesia 3533:"Presiden Kritik IMF" 3078:Barton, Greg (2002). 3047:Barton, Greg (2002). 2795:Barton, Greg (2002). 2730:Barton, Greg (2002). 1934: 1887:in Seoul, 10 May 2022 1882: 1854:2024 general election 1788: 1781:2014 general election 1765:as her running mate. 1749:2009 general election 1647:Bank Negara Indonesia 1468:Megawati Sukarnoputri 1460: 1370: 1338: 1308:Further information: 1242: 1128:PDI-P, together with 1107:Suharto's resignation 1045:27 July 1996 incident 987: 894: 887:Early life and family 52:Megawati Sukarnoputri 6134:Puti (granddaughter) 5774:Regional parties in 5750:Yusril Ihza Mahendra 5740:Angela Tanoesoedibjo 5720:Muchdi Purwopranjono 5594:national legislature 5203:Umar Wirahadikusumah 4655:. pp. 232–234. 3825:, 11 September 2007. 2874:on 25 September 2012 2764:Indonesian Destinies 2632:on 27 September 2007 2402:edukasi.okezone.com/ 1623:Burhanuddin Abdullah 1520:Indonesian Air Force 1512:F-16 Fighting Falcon 1402:Constitutional Court 1156:Result and aftermath 980:Member of parliament 583:; died 523:; died 380:Position established 6140:Prananda (grandson) 5414:Siswono Yudo Husodo 4973:Chairperson of BPIP 4942:Chairperson of BRIN 4930:Government offices 4908:New political party 4030:on 30 December 2012 3942:on 27 February 2012 3392:Museum Kepresidenan 2268:Order of Friendship 2076:) (3 February 2001) 2058:) (3 February 2001) 1939:and three children. 1744:Leader of the PDI-P 1613:Minister of Finance 1558:Endriartono Sutarto 1538:2003 Aceh Offensive 1290:cult of personality 1247:2nd Class featured. 277:New political party 6280:Indonesian Muslims 6117:Frits (son-in-law) 6114:Kartika (daughter) 6078:Dicky (son-in-law) 5730:Ahmad Ridha Sabana 5710:Oesman Sapta Odang 5474:Candidates in the 5327:Candidates in the 4975:Steering Committee 4965:as Head of UKP-PIP 4944:Steering Committee 4843:Political offices 4146:BBC News Indonesia 4120:BBC News Indonesia 3998:on 7 December 2021 3146:The New York Times 2962:on 17 October 2009 2711:on 4 February 2020 2091:Bintang Jasa Utama 1941: 1889: 1791: 1770:voter registration 1478:in February 2002. 1381: 1345: 1249: 1032:Split in the party 990: 909: 329:Government offices 6315:Family of Sukarno 6227: 6226: 6180: 6179: 6149:Hendra (grandson) 5924: 5923: 5814:Muslim Syamsuddin 5602:Muhaimin Iskandar 5546: 5545: 5441: 5440: 5294: 5293: 5193:Hamengkubuwono IX 5142: 5141: 5080:Abdurrahman Wahid 5021: 5020: 5015:Khamtai Siphandon 5012:Succeeded by 4989:Diplomatic posts 4968: 4892:Succeeded by 4865:Succeeded by 4851:Abdurrahman Wahid 4773:978-1-44731-578-0 4683:978-1-44731-578-0 4384:(in Indonesian). 4314:Asia Times Online 4297:. 4 October 2023. 4267:(in Indonesian). 3872:Channel News Asia 3480:World Development 3467:. 18 August 2004. 3293:. 13 August 2015. 3289:(in Indonesian). 3020:(in Indonesian). 2996:978-602-412-005-4 2840:978-0-230-54685-1 2665:978-0-230-54685-1 2585:978-0-230-54685-1 2552:on 12 August 2007 2481:on 12 August 2007 2408:on 23 April 2023. 2383:978-1-4798-7731-7 2184:) (8 August 2001) 2166:) (8 August 2001) 2148:) (8 August 2001) 2130:) (8 August 2001) 2112:) (8 August 2001) 2094:) (8 August 2001) 2040:) (8 August 2001) 1991:Abdurrahman Wahid 1983:Hasto Kristiyanto 1945:Surindro Supjarso 1629:from the IMF and 1627:letters of intent 1498:and US President 1437:, she formed the 1427:regional autonomy 1394:Abdurrahman Wahid 1205:. In the city of 1130:Abdurrahman Wahid 779:Abdurrahman Wahid 728: 727: 506:Surindro Supjarso 426: 425: 153:Abdurrahman Wahid 113:Abdurrahman Wahid 6367: 6188: 6173:Kiran (grandson) 6170:Putra (grandson) 6137:Rizki (grandson) 5981: 5980: 5951: 5944: 5937: 5928: 5927: 5868:Anas Urbaningrum 5700:Kaesang Pangarep 5659:Muhamad Mardiono 5612:Prabowo Subianto 5585: 5584: 5573: 5566: 5559: 5550: 5549: 5519:Prabowo Subianto 5508:Other candidates 5468: 5461: 5454: 5445: 5444: 5400:Salahuddin Wahid 5389:Other candidates 5321: 5314: 5307: 5298: 5297: 5284: 5283: 5274: 5273: 5261: 5169: 5162: 5155: 5146: 5145: 5132: 5131: 5122: 5121: 5109: 5047: 5040: 5033: 5024: 5023: 4994:Preceded by 4962: 4958:Preceded by 4875:Preceded by 4848:Preceded by 4840: 4839: 4811: 4805: 4797: 4795: 4793: 4760:p. 247–290. 4739: 4737:Biography portal 4734: 4733: 4732: 4725: 4723:Indonesia portal 4720: 4719: 4718: 4670:p. 247–290. 4666: 4633: 4632: 4630: 4628: 4612: 4606: 4605: 4603: 4601: 4592:. 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6223: 6206: 6189: 6176: 6161:Didi (grandson) 6146:(granddaughter) 6123: 6040: 6023:Kartini Manoppo 6012:Inggit Garnasih 5996: 5972: 5960: 5955: 5925: 5920: 5906:Portal:Politics 5897: 5843: 5769: 5760:Yusuf Solichien 5688: 5592:Parties in the 5587: 5579: 5577: 5547: 5542: 5503: 5478: 5472: 5442: 5437: 5384: 5356: 5331: 5325: 5295: 5290: 5262: 5253: 5252: 5178: 5173: 5143: 5138: 5110: 5101: 5056: 5051: 5017: 5008: 5003:Chairperson of 4999: 4978: 4974: 4961: 4947: 4943: 4919: 4915: 4897: 4888: 4880: 4870: 4861: 4853: 4799: 4798: 4791: 4789: 4778: 4735: 4730: 4728: 4721: 4716: 4714: 4711: 4663: 4641: 4639:Further reading 4636: 4626: 4624: 4623:(in Indonesian) 4613: 4609: 4599: 4597: 4596:on 2 March 2012 4584: 4583: 4579: 4569: 4567: 4558: 4557: 4553: 4543: 4541: 4532: 4531: 4527: 4517: 4515: 4514:on 19 July 2021 4498: 4497: 4476: 4466: 4464: 4463:(in Indonesian) 4453: 4449: 4439: 4437: 4427: 4420: 4405: 4401: 4391: 4389: 4374: 4370: 4360: 4358: 4347: 4343: 4327: 4326: 4319: 4317: 4306: 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1739:Post-presidency 1725:Nahdlatul Ulama 1716: 1710: 1697: 1683: 1681:Domestic Issues 1673:Tanjung Dalpele 1570: 1546: 1540: 1470: 1467: 1451: 1390: 1350: 1333: 1327: 1321: 1312: 1306: 1267: 1261: 1237: 1232: 1215: 1190: 1185: 1179: 1158: 1115:Reformation era 1091: 1086: 1067: 1047: 1034: 1014: 982: 977: 953: 935:descended from 889: 884: 866:, derived from 821: 743: 742: 734: 708: 687: 650: 639:Rukmini Sukarno 627: 593: 590: 574: 570: 567: 559: 556: 1972) 543: 539: 536: 530: 514: 510: 507: 478: 477:Other political 467:Political party 458: 455: 454:23 January 1947 449: 447: 446: 445: 417: 411: 405: 400: 374: 368: 362: 357: 330: 314: 302: 296: 291: 271: 265: 259: 254: 224: 219: 199: 193: 188: 170: 158: 144: 139: 119: 107: 93: 87: 82: 65: 53: 46: 23:Indonesian name 17: 12: 11: 5: 6373: 6363: 6362: 6357: 6352: 6347: 6342: 6337: 6332: 6327: 6322: 6317: 6312: 6307: 6302: 6297: 6292: 6287: 6282: 6277: 6272: 6267: 6262: 6257: 6252: 6247: 6242: 6225: 6224: 6211: 6208: 6207: 6205: 6204: 6197: 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" 4819: 4776: 4761: 4757: 4741: 4740: 4726: 4710: 4709:External links 4707: 4706: 4705: 4686: 4671: 4667: 4661: 4640: 4637: 4635: 4634: 4621:antaranews.com 4607: 4577: 4551: 4525: 4474: 4447: 4418: 4399: 4368: 4341: 4300: 4282: 4251: 4221: 4190: 4159: 4133: 4107: 4076: 4041: 4009: 3983: 3953: 3923: 3890: 3879:on 7 July 2009 3858: 3847:on 19 May 2009 3827: 3811:on 4 June 2011 3790: 3783: 3763: 3731: 3704: 3660: 3651: 3637: 3625: 3606: 3580: 3549: 3523: 3497: 3470: 3456: 3445: 3431: 3405: 3394:. 19 July 2022 3376: 3356: 3296: 3278: 3260: 3253: 3233: 3214: 3194: 3187: 3164: 3131: 3124: 3101: 3094: 3070: 3063: 3039: 3002: 2995: 2989:. p. 92. 2973: 2946: 2914: 2885: 2846: 2839: 2827:Ricklefs, M.C. 2818: 2811: 2784: 2777: 2753: 2746: 2722: 2696: 2689: 2671: 2664: 2652:Ricklefs, M.C. 2643: 2616: 2609: 2591: 2584: 2572:Ricklefs, M.C. 2563: 2532: 2525: 2507: 2492: 2463: 2437: 2411: 2389: 2382: 2362: 2349:bertuahpos.com 2335: 2309: 2278: 2276: 2273: 2272: 2271: 2245: 2244: 2218: 2217: 2190: 2187: 2186: 2185: 2167: 2149: 2131: 2113: 2095: 2077: 2059: 2041: 2018: 2015: 2013: 2010: 1928: 1925: 1905: 1902: 1876: 1873: 1865:Ganjar Pranowo 1855: 1852: 1819:respectively. 1782: 1779: 1759:Gerindra Party 1750: 1747: 1745: 1742: 1740: 1737: 1709: 1706: 1696: 1693: 1682: 1679: 1625:to fulfill 20 1578:Suharto's fall 1569: 1566: 1539: 1536: 1465: 1450: 1447: 1389: 1386: 1377:George W. Bush 1349: 1346: 1323:Main article: 1320: 1317: 1305: 1302: 1260: 1257: 1236: 1233: 1231: 1228: 1214: 1211: 1195:Akbar Tandjung 1189: 1186: 1178: 1175: 1157: 1154: 1090: 1087: 1085: 1079: 1066: 1063: 1046: 1043: 1033: 1030: 1013: 1010: 981: 978: 976: 973: 952: 949: 941:Merdeka Palace 888: 885: 883: 880: 820: 817: 756:vice president 726: 725: 722: 721: 714: 710: 709: 707: 706: 701: 695: 693: 689: 688: 686: 685: 679: 673: 667: 660: 658: 652: 651: 649: 648: 645:Franklin Kline 642: 635: 633: 629: 628: 626: 625: 619: 612: 610: 606: 605: 599: 595: 594: 592: 591: 572: 568: 563: 562: 560: 541: 537: 534: 533: 531: 512: 508: 505: 504: 501: 499: 495: 494: 491: 487: 486: 480: 474: 473: 468: 464: 463: 443: 441: 437: 436: 432: 431: 428: 427: 424: 423: 420: 414: 413: 407:Assumed office 402: 401: 394: 391: 390: 383: 382: 377: 371: 370: 364:Assumed office 359: 358: 351: 348: 347: 340: 339: 336: 335: 332: 331: 328: 321: 320: 317: 311: 310: 305: 299: 298: 288: 287: 280: 279: 274: 268: 267: 261:Assumed office 256: 255: 248: 245: 244: 237: 236: 231: 227: 226: 216: 215: 210: 206: 205: 204:Dwi Ria Latifa 202: 196: 195: 185: 184: 180:Member of the 177: 176: 173: 167: 166: 161: 155: 154: 151: 147: 146: 136: 135: 128: 127: 122: 116: 115: 110: 104: 103: 98: 95:Vice President 90: 89: 79: 78: 71: 70: 67: 66: 63: 55: 54: 51: 25:, there is no 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6372: 6361: 6358: 6356: 6353: 6351: 6348: 6346: 6343: 6341: 6338: 6336: 6333: 6331: 6328: 6326: 6323: 6321: 6318: 6316: 6313: 6311: 6308: 6306: 6303: 6301: 6300:Living people 6298: 6296: 6293: 6291: 6288: 6286: 6283: 6281: 6278: 6276: 6273: 6271: 6268: 6266: 6263: 6261: 6258: 6256: 6253: 6251: 6248: 6246: 6243: 6241: 6238: 6237: 6235: 6222: 6219: 6215: 6209: 6202: 6199: 6198: 6196: 6192: 6187: 6172: 6169: 6166: 6163: 6160: 6157: 6154: 6151: 6148: 6145: 6142: 6139: 6136: 6133: 6132: 6130: 6126: 6119: 6116: 6113: 6110: 6107: 6104: 6101: 6098: 6095: 6092: 6089: 6086: 6083: 6080: 6077: 6074: 6071: 6068: 6065: 6062: 6059: 6056: 6053: 6050: 6049: 6047: 6043: 6036: 6034:Yurike Sanger 6033: 6030: 6028: 6025: 6022: 6019: 6017: 6014: 6011: 6009: 6006: 6005: 6003: 5999: 5992: 5989: 5988: 5986: 5982: 5979: 5975: 5971: 5968: 5963: 5959: 5952: 5947: 5945: 5940: 5938: 5933: 5932: 5929: 5917: 5914: 5912: 5909: 5907: 5904: 5903: 5900: 5893: 5889: 5886: 5883: 5879: 5876: 5873: 5869: 5866: 5863: 5859: 5858:Ridho Rahmadi 5856: 5855: 5853: 5851: 5850:2024 election 5846: 5839: 5835: 5832: 5829: 5825: 5822: 5819: 5815: 5812: 5809: 5805: 5802: 5799: 5795: 5794:Irwandi Yusuf 5792: 5789: 5785: 5784:Muzakir Manaf 5782: 5781: 5779: 5777: 5772: 5765: 5761: 5758: 5755: 5751: 5748: 5745: 5741: 5738: 5735: 5731: 5728: 5725: 5721: 5718: 5715: 5711: 5708: 5705: 5701: 5698: 5697: 5695: 5691: 5684: 5680: 5677: 5674: 5670: 5667: 5664: 5660: 5657: 5654: 5650: 5649:Ahmad Syaikhu 5647: 5644: 5640: 5637: 5634: 5630: 5627: 5623: 5620: 5617: 5613: 5610: 5607: 5603: 5600: 5599: 5597: 5595: 5590: 5583: 5574: 5569: 5567: 5562: 5560: 5555: 5554: 5551: 5538: 5534: 5530: 5527: 5524: 5520: 5516: 5513: 5512: 5510: 5506: 5499: 5495: 5491: 5488: 5487: 5485: 5481: 5477: 5469: 5464: 5462: 5457: 5455: 5450: 5449: 5446: 5433: 5429: 5425: 5422: 5419: 5415: 5411: 5408: 5405: 5401: 5397: 5394: 5393: 5391: 5387: 5380: 5376: 5375:Hasyim Muzadi 5372: 5369: 5368: 5366: 5364: 5359: 5352: 5348: 5344: 5341: 5340: 5338: 5334: 5330: 5322: 5317: 5315: 5310: 5308: 5303: 5302: 5299: 5287: 5279: 5277: 5269: 5268: 5265: 5260: 5249: 5246: 5244: 5241: 5239: 5236: 5234: 5231: 5229: 5226: 5224: 5221: 5219: 5218:B. J. Habibie 5216: 5214: 5211: 5209: 5206: 5204: 5201: 5199: 5196: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5185: 5181: 5177: 5170: 5165: 5163: 5158: 5156: 5151: 5150: 5147: 5135: 5127: 5125: 5117: 5116: 5113: 5108: 5098: 5096: 5093: 5091: 5088: 5086: 5083: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5075:B. J. Habibie 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5062: 5059: 5055: 5048: 5043: 5041: 5036: 5034: 5029: 5028: 5025: 5016: 5007: 5006: 4998: 4992: 4987: 4984: 4979:2018–present 4977: 4976: 4967: 4966: 4956: 4953: 4948:2021–present 4946: 4945: 4937: 4933: 4928: 4925: 4920:1999–present 4918: 4917: 4909: 4905: 4900: 4896: 4887: 4886: 4879: 4878:B. J. Habibie 4873: 4869: 4860: 4859: 4852: 4846: 4841: 4836: 4833: 4830: 4829: 4828:TIME Magazine 4824: 4820: 4817: 4816: 4809: 4803: 4787: 4786: 4781: 4777: 4774: 4770: 4766: 4762: 4758: 4755: 4751: 4747: 4743: 4742: 4738: 4727: 4724: 4713: 4703: 4699: 4695: 4691: 4687: 4684: 4680: 4676: 4672: 4668: 4664: 4662:1-85743-126-X 4658: 4654: 4650: 4649: 4643: 4642: 4622: 4618: 4611: 4595: 4591: 4587: 4581: 4565: 4561: 4555: 4539: 4535: 4529: 4513: 4509: 4505: 4501: 4495: 4493: 4491: 4489: 4487: 4485: 4483: 4481: 4479: 4462: 4458: 4451: 4436: 4432: 4425: 4423: 4414: 4410: 4403: 4387: 4383: 4379: 4372: 4356: 4352: 4345: 4337: 4331: 4315: 4311: 4304: 4296: 4292: 4286: 4270: 4266: 4262: 4255: 4239: 4235: 4231: 4225: 4209: 4208:CNN Indonesia 4205: 4199: 4197: 4195: 4178: 4174: 4170: 4163: 4147: 4143: 4137: 4121: 4117: 4111: 4095: 4091: 4087: 4080: 4073: 4061: 4057: 4056: 4051: 4045: 4029: 4025: 4024: 4019: 4013: 3997: 3993: 3987: 3971: 3967: 3963: 3957: 3941: 3937: 3933: 3927: 3911: 3907: 3906: 3905:Jakarta Globe 3901: 3894: 3878: 3874: 3873: 3868: 3862: 3846: 3842: 3841:Jakarta Globe 3838: 3831: 3824: 3810: 3806: 3805: 3800: 3794: 3786: 3784:9781134161256 3780: 3776: 3775: 3767: 3751: 3747: 3746: 3741: 3735: 3719: 3715: 3708: 3702: 3700: 3695: 3687: 3682: 3678: 3674: 3670: 3664: 3655: 3647: 3641: 3635: 3629: 3621: 3617: 3610: 3602: 3598: 3591: 3584: 3569: 3565: 3558: 3556: 3554: 3538: 3534: 3527: 3519: 3515: 3508: 3501: 3493: 3489: 3485: 3481: 3474: 3466: 3460: 3454: 3449: 3441: 3435: 3420: 3419:CNN Indonesia 3416: 3409: 3393: 3389: 3383: 3381: 3372: 3365: 3363: 3361: 3351: 3346: 3342: 3338: 3334: 3327: 3325: 3323: 3321: 3319: 3317: 3315: 3313: 3311: 3309: 3307: 3305: 3303: 3301: 3292: 3288: 3282: 3274: 3267: 3265: 3256: 3254:9781862876606 3250: 3246: 3245: 3237: 3221: 3217: 3215:9780415547413 3211: 3207: 3206: 3198: 3190: 3188:9789812304858 3184: 3180: 3179: 3171: 3169: 3152: 3148: 3147: 3142: 3135: 3127: 3125:9780812202830 3121: 3117: 3116: 3108: 3106: 3097: 3095:0-86840-405-5 3091: 3087: 3083: 3082: 3074: 3066: 3064:0-86840-405-5 3060: 3056: 3052: 3051: 3043: 3027: 3023: 3019: 3018: 3013: 3006: 2998: 2992: 2988: 2984: 2977: 2961: 2957: 2950: 2934: 2930: 2929: 2924: 2918: 2902: 2898: 2892: 2890: 2870: 2863: 2857: 2855: 2853: 2851: 2842: 2836: 2832: 2828: 2822: 2814: 2812:0-86840-405-5 2808: 2804: 2800: 2799: 2791: 2789: 2780: 2778:0-674-01137-6 2774: 2770: 2766: 2765: 2757: 2749: 2747:0-86840-405-5 2743: 2739: 2735: 2734: 2726: 2710: 2706: 2700: 2692: 2690:87-91114-50-0 2686: 2682: 2675: 2667: 2661: 2657: 2653: 2647: 2631: 2627: 2620: 2612: 2610:87-91114-50-0 2606: 2602: 2595: 2587: 2581: 2577: 2573: 2567: 2551: 2547: 2541: 2539: 2537: 2528: 2526:87-91114-50-0 2522: 2518: 2511: 2505:, p. 233 2504: 2499: 2497: 2480: 2476: 2470: 2468: 2460: 2459: 2458:The Economist 2454: 2450: 2447: 2441: 2426:on 5 May 2009 2425: 2421: 2415: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2393: 2385: 2379: 2375: 2374: 2366: 2350: 2346: 2339: 2323: 2319: 2313: 2297: 2293: 2289: 2283: 2279: 2270:(2 June 2021) 2269: 2265: 2261: 2260: 2259: 2257: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2233: 2232: 2230: 2215: 2211: 2207: 2206: 2205: 2203: 2183: 2182: 2177: 2172: 2168: 2165: 2164: 2159: 2154: 2150: 2147: 2146: 2141: 2136: 2132: 2129: 2128: 2123: 2118: 2114: 2111: 2110: 2105: 2100: 2096: 2093: 2092: 2087: 2082: 2078: 2075: 2074: 2069: 2064: 2060: 2057: 2056: 2051: 2046: 2042: 2039: 2038: 2033: 2030:, 1st Class ( 2029: 2025: 2021: 2020: 2009: 2007: 2002: 2000: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1975: 1973: 1972:Puan Maharani 1969: 1968:Taufiq Kiemas 1965: 1961: 1957: 1951: 1946: 1938: 1937:Taufiq Kiemas 1933: 1927:Personal life 1924: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1911: 1901: 1899: 1895: 1886: 1885:Yoon Suk-yeol 1881: 1872: 1870: 1866: 1862: 1851: 1848: 1846: 1841: 1837: 1833: 1829: 1825: 1820: 1818: 1814: 1810: 1809: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1787: 1778: 1775: 1771: 1766: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1736: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1721:Hasyim Muzadi 1715: 1705: 1703: 1700:According to 1692: 1689: 1678: 1675: 1674: 1667: 1665: 1661: 1656: 1652: 1648: 1644: 1640: 1635: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1621: 1617: 1614: 1610: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1594: 1591: 1587: 1583: 1579: 1575: 1565: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1545: 1535: 1533: 1530:fighters and 1529: 1525: 1521: 1518:owned by the 1517: 1513: 1509: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1496:United States 1492: 1489: 1485: 1479: 1477: 1464: 1459: 1456: 1446: 1444: 1440: 1436: 1431: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1417: 1413: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1385: 1378: 1374: 1369: 1365: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1342: 1337: 1332: 1326: 1316: 1311: 1301: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1286:South Jakarta 1283: 1278: 1276: 1272: 1266: 1256: 1254: 1246: 1241: 1227: 1225: 1221: 1210: 1208: 1204: 1198: 1196: 1184: 1174: 1170: 1167: 1163: 1153: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1126: 1124: 1120: 1116: 1112: 1111:B. J. Habibie 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1083: 1078: 1076: 1072: 1062: 1060: 1056: 1052: 1042: 1040: 1029: 1025: 1023: 1019: 1009: 1007: 1003: 999: 995: 986: 972: 970: 966: 962: 958: 948: 946: 942: 938: 934: 930: 926: 922: 918: 914: 906: 905:Indira Gandhi 902: 898: 893: 879: 877: 873: 869: 865: 861: 857: 854: 850: 846: 842: 838: 834: 830: 826: 816: 814: 810: 805: 803: 799: 794: 792: 788: 784: 780: 776: 772: 768: 764: 759: 758:(1999–2001). 757: 753: 746: 740: 732: 723: 719: 715: 711: 705: 702: 700: 697: 696: 694: 690: 683: 680: 677: 674: 671: 668: 665: 662: 661: 659: 657: 653: 646: 643: 641:(half-sister) 640: 637: 636: 634: 630: 623: 620: 617: 614: 613: 611: 607: 604: 603:Puan Maharani 601:3, including 600: 596: 566: 565:Taufiq Kiemas 561: 532: 503: 502: 500: 496: 492: 488: 484: 481: 475: 472: 469: 465: 461: 456:(age 77) 442: 438: 433: 429: 421: 415: 408: 403: 399: 398: 392: 389: 384: 381: 378: 372: 365: 360: 356: 355: 349: 346: 341: 337: 333: 326: 322: 318: 312: 309: 306: 300: 294: 289: 286: 281: 278: 275: 269: 262: 257: 253: 252: 246: 243: 238: 235: 232: 228: 222: 217: 214: 211: 207: 203: 197: 191: 186: 183: 178: 174: 168: 165: 164:B. J. Habibie 162: 156: 152: 148: 142: 137: 134: 129: 126: 123: 117: 114: 111: 105: 102: 99: 96: 91: 85: 80: 77: 72: 68: 61: 56: 49: 44: 40: 36: 32: 28: 24: 19: 6102:Taufan (son) 6090:(son-in-law) 6069:(son-in-law) 6057: 6051:Guntur (son) 6037:Heldy Djafar 5621: 5514: 5428:Agum Gumelar 5370: 5222: 5213:Try Sutrisno 5084: 5002: 4982: 4971: 4964: 4963: 4951: 4940: 4935: 4923: 4912: 4907: 4883: 4856: 4826: 4813: 4790:. Retrieved 4783: 4764: 4749: 4697: 4674: 4647: 4625:. Retrieved 4620: 4610: 4598:. Retrieved 4594:the original 4589: 4580: 4568:. Retrieved 4563: 4554: 4542:. Retrieved 4537: 4528: 4516:. Retrieved 4512:the original 4503: 4465:. Retrieved 4460: 4450: 4438:. Retrieved 4434: 4412: 4402: 4390:. Retrieved 4381: 4371: 4359:. Retrieved 4344: 4318:. Retrieved 4303: 4294: 4285: 4273:. Retrieved 4264: 4254: 4242:. Retrieved 4233: 4224: 4212:. Retrieved 4207: 4181:. Retrieved 4172: 4162: 4150:. Retrieved 4145: 4136: 4124:. Retrieved 4119: 4110: 4098:. Retrieved 4089: 4079: 4071: 4064:. 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Retrieved 2291: 2282: 2246: 2219: 2192: 2003: 1976: 1942: 1917:Kuala Lumpur 1907: 1890: 1857: 1849: 1832:Budi Gunawan 1821: 1808:Jakarta Post 1806: 1792: 1767: 1752: 1728: 1717: 1698: 1684: 1672: 1668: 1643:Semen Gresik 1636: 1595: 1571: 1547: 1528:Sukhoi Su-27 1516:Northrop F-5 1500:Bill Clinton 1493: 1480: 1472: 1461: 1452: 1432: 1419:Hari Sabarno 1414: 1391: 1382: 1351: 1339:MPR speaker 1313: 1279: 1275:Central Java 1268: 1250: 1216: 1199: 1191: 1171: 1159: 1127: 1118: 1092: 1081: 1068: 1055:27 July 1996 1048: 1035: 1026: 1015: 991: 954: 910: 876:Biju Patnaik 863: 859: 825:Sukarnoputri 824: 822: 806: 795: 760: 730: 729: 672:(unfinished) 666:(unfinished) 479:affiliations 406: 395: 379: 363: 352: 315:Succeeded by 292: 276: 260: 249: 234:Central Java 230:Constituency 220: 209:Constituency 200:Succeeded by 189: 171:Succeeded by 140: 120:Succeeded by 83: 42: 31:Sukarnoputri 30: 18: 6240:1947 births 6212:successor: 6111:Totok (son) 6008:Siti Oetari 5639:Surya Paloh 5529:Jusuf Kalla 5347:Jusuf Kalla 5248:Ma'ruf Amin 5243:Jusuf Kalla 5233:Jusuf Kalla 5095:Joko Widodo 4392:13 December 4361:13 December 4183:15 November 4034:27 December 4002:27 February 3976:27 February 3946:27 February 3883:27 February 3603:(1): 45–58. 3275:. 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