756:"The presence, within or on the margins of a cycling competition, of a bicycle that does not comply with the provisions of article 1.3.010. The use by a rider, within or on the margins of a cycling competition, of a bicycle that does not comply with the provisions of article 1.3.010. All teams must ensure that all their bicycles are in compliance with the provisions of article 1.3.010. Any presence of a bicycle that does not comply with the provisions of article 1.3.010, within or on the margins of a cycling competition, constitutes a technological fraud by the team and the rider. All riders must ensure that any bicycle that they use is in compliance with the provisions of article 1.3.010. Any use by a rider of a bicycle that does not comply with the provisions of article 1.3.010, within or on the margins of a cycling competition, constitutes a technological fraud by the team and the rider.
588:
25:
843:
790:
78:
83:
2192:
723:
in 2024, revealing that they had experienced death threats, closed down their business and were forced to flee
Belgium for their safety. The documentary also highlighted several other alleged cases of mechanical fraud and the UCI's inconsistent and irregular testing systems. The notorious inventor of
903:
French and
Italian television have produced documentaries into mechanical fraud, including Stade 2's Thierry Vildary in 2017. CBS, the American broadcaster, aired 60 Minutes Investigation in the same year, alleging that an unnamed Tour de France team bought motors from a Hungarian developer in 1998
1501:
The UCI maintains that its use of a tablet device producing magnetic resistance scans is more effective than "flawed" heat-seeking tests, which it says are only effective if bikes are filmed up close by motorcycles on the road. Rumours of riders using motors have circulated for several years, and
894:
As of 2024 the magnetic tablet screening process that detected Femke Van den
Driessche's hidden motor has also found increasing numbers of amateur riders using concealed motors. However, the UCI president conceded that the screening process is not consistent, and beatable.
727:
Some sources claim that motorized doping has occurred before in professional cycling, but that it has gone undetected or unproven. It is seen as part of a larger effort by athletes in many sports to gain mechanical advantage in competition. In May 2010 former rider
669:: Hesjedal crashed on stage seven of the race, and video footage of the crash showed his bicycle's rear wheel continuing to spin after it had fallen onto the road, leading to a number of media outlets including the website of French sports newspaper
736:, claiming that similar bikes had been used by some professional cyclists since 2004. The discovery of a motor resulted in a substantial uptick in the level of scrutiny focused on bikes. The UCI has indicated it intends to expend
481:
740:
40,000 to 50,000 to purchase scanning equipment. The UCI has used a tablet with an app that detects disruptions in magnetic fields that are caused by a motor or battery hidden in a bike frame.
859:
486:
704:
In
January 2016 – almost six years after initial allegations of a pro cyclist doping mechanically – the first confirmed use of "mechanical doping" in the sport was discovered at the
872:
The UCI says that it has a new device which will reveal the existence of electrical circuitry, armatures, batteries, etc., which are where they are not supposed to be. For the
776:"The bicycle shall be propelled solely, through a chainset, by the legs (inferior muscular chain) moving in a circular movement, without electric or other assistance."
471:
876:, thermal cameras were used to detect hidden motors. The UCI carried out a total of 10,000 bicycle checks for hidden motors and magnets in 2016, whilst at the
661:
whilst unusually seated, leading to allegations that there was an electric motor hidden in
Cancellara's bike. Four years later the issue was raised again when
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1330:"Race: Omloop Het Nieuwsblad Elite Mechanical doping checks carried out at Omloop Het Nieuwsblad: LottoNL-Jumbo among those subject to UCI checks"
975:
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concealed motors
Stefano Varjas was also visited in Budapest. The podcast was recognised as one of the top five podcasts in 2024 by Vulture
376:
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was found to have a secret motor inside. One blogger described it as the worst scandal in cycling since the doping scandal that engulfed
681:
that the bicycle's movement could have simply been due to it sliding on a downward gradient. Public pressure on the UCI led to the race
514:
2172:
705:
312:
1329:
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1170:"'Mechanical doping,' the biggest scandal to rock pro cycling since Lance Armstrong, is very real — here's what we know so far"
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Team: disqualification, suspension of a minimum of six months and a fine of between CHF 100,000 and CHF 1,000,000."
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team the following morning: no motors were found. The following spring, checks for bike motors were carried out at
560:
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1734:
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Rider: disqualification, suspension of a minimum of six months and a fine of between CHF 20,000 and CHF 200,000.
388:
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1116:"A cyclist has been barred from the world championships after a hidden motor was found attached to her bike"
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753:"Technological fraud is an infringement to article 1.3.010. Technological fraud is materialised by:
1940:
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719:
Van den
Driessche and her accomplice broke an eight year silence to speak with the podcast series
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1540:"132 motorised doping checks at Tour Down Under, FDJ celebrate 20th anniversary - News Shorts"
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1436:"The UCI announces Disciplinary Commission decision in the case of Femke Van den Driessche"
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podcast was released in 2024 with seven episodes, then turned into a live investigation.
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221:
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
2111:
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1245:"The technical side of doping: How technology helps athletes gain an unfair advantage"
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1617:(17'video with subtitles in English). Stade 2. 3 September 2017 – via YouTube.
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1060:"Cyclist Femke Van den Driessche caught with hidden motor inside bike during race"
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1032:"UCI checks bikes of Contador, Hesjedal and Gilbert for motors at Giro d'Italia"
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In March 2018, the UCI announced that X-ray cameras would be used in future on
729:
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173:
1612:
1568:"Mechanical doping: UCI to announce use of X-ray cameras on Grand Tour stages"
2210:
2040:
2020:
1962:
1910:
1842:
976:"Fresh 'motorised doping' claims as Ryder Hesjedal's bike 'moves on its own'"
675:
questioning whether the bike contained a motor, although it was suggested by
360:
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1410:"Femke van den Driessche: Belgian cyclist gets six-year ban for using motor"
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251:
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128:
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1515:"Tour de France: Thermal cameras to be used against 'mechanical doping'"
1381:"Clarification Guide of the UCI Technical Regulation 23.04.2014 version"
1304:"Bengian Federation to Buy Expensive Scanner to Deter Mechanical Doping"
789:
2121:
2075:
1952:
1925:
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1817:
1595:"UCI to pay whistleblowers for motor doping tip-offs at Tour de France"
654:
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were fueled by a French broadcaster last month using thermal imagery.
1483:
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231:
168:
153:
138:
82:
1774:
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1004:"Ryder Hesjedal's clockwork Cervelo: UCI checks Garmin-Sharp bikes"
748:
The federation's technological fraud article 12.1.013 fully states:
732:
demonstrated a motorised bicycle on the
Italian public broadcaster
645:
One of the first allegations of mechanical doping goes back to the
143:
133:
1915:
1719:
1677:
1277:"Cassani helps in sporting fraud investigation of motorised bike"
842:
1088:"Everything you need to know about the motorised doping scandal"
1457:
665:
was the subject of allegations of mechanical doping during the
1614:
Moteurs cachés dans les vélos: ça ne tourne toujours pas rond
610:
772:
In pertinent part, the technical regulation plainly states:
905:
737:
594:, the first cyclist to be sanctioned for mechanical doping.
1646:
1885:
1451:"UCI: New testing device will find out mechanical doping"
733:
760:
Any technological fraud shall be sanctioned as follows:
1629:"60 Minutes investigates hidden motors and pro cycling"
1479:"Nibali headlines Giro amid mechanical doping concerns"
609:
terminology, is a method of cheating by using a hidden
2153:List of bicycle brands and manufacturing companies
2208:
2031:Bicycle transportation planning and engineering
637:, the international governing body of cycling.
462:Doping at the World Championships in Athletics
1662:
568:
1356:"UCI statement on technological fraud tests"
630:
1242:
1669:
1655:
1448:
575:
561:
515:List of national anti-doping organizations
472:Stripped European Athletics C'ships medals
708:when one of the bikes of Belgian cyclist
2173:List of films about bicycles and cycling
1192:
1190:
1113:
706:2016 UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships
586:
1592:
1243:Consenstein, Isaac (29 February 2016).
1167:
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1029:
520:Australian Sports Anti-Doping Authority
2209:
1085:
1057:
891:, to detect the use of hidden motors.
780:
1650:
1274:
1187:
1144:"Cycling: What is mechanical doping?"
1079:
1058:Vinton, Nathaniel (1 February 2016).
1001:
617:. The term is an analogy to chemical
1507:
1168:McMahon, Daniel (12 February 2016).
973:
950:"Mechanical doping: A brief history"
784:
18:
1141:
1114:Farquhar, Peter (1 February 2016).
860:U23 Cyclo-cross World Championships
308:U of South Carolina steroid scandal
13:
1135:
1086:Clarke, Stuart (1 February 2016).
743:
685:examining the bikes of Hesjedal's
487:MLB players in the Mitchell Report
303:Clemson University steroid scandal
14:
2248:
2158:List of BMX bicycle manufacturers
1755:History of cycling infrastructure
1002:Pryde, Kenny (4 September 2014).
2191:
2190:
1593:Whittle, Jeremy (27 June 2024).
1030:Farrand, Stephen (29 May 2015).
974:Wynn, Nigel (4 September 2014).
898:
841:
788:
545:United States Anti-Doping Agency
482:MLB players suspended for doping
81:
76:
23:
2178:List of doping cases in cycling
2163:List of bicycle-sharing systems
1621:
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1532:
1471:
1442:
1428:
1402:
1373:
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1322:
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925:List of doping cases in cycling
1275:Brown, Gregor (15 June 2010).
1149:. Singapore: Channel News Asia
1107:
1051:
1023:
995:
967:
942:
867:
477:Drugs banned from the Olympics
1:
1388:Union Cycliste Internationale
1142:Mah, Ewan (7 February 2016).
935:
904:for a period of 10 years for
633:Union Cycliste Internationale
880:132 tests were carried out.
510:International Testing Agency
7:
1676:
1218:"The best podcasts of 2024"
1206:(Podcast). 15 January 2024.
918:
623:performance-enhancing drugs
530:National Anti-Doping Agency
457:Doping at the Olympic Games
401:Doping in American football
237:Performance-enhancing drugs
10:
2253:
1872:Sports-related cycling and
1121:Business Insider Australia
640:
535:Russian Anti-Doping Agency
2186:
2140:
2104:
2016:Bicycle poverty reduction
1986:
1871:
1783:
1712:
1684:
1449:AFP Videos (3 May 2016).
525:French Anti-Doping Agency
32:This article needs to be
2051:Bike Week (Bicycle Week)
505:World Anti-Doping Agency
411:Barry Bonds perjury case
159:Beta2-adrenergic agonist
848:Femke Van den Driessche
710:Femke Van den Driessche
592:Femke Van den Driessche
467:Stripped Olympic medals
406:Steroid use in baseball
2086:Protected intersection
2066:Cycling infrastructure
1808:Bicycle-sharing system
1750:History of the bicycle
778:
770:
631:
629:" it is banned by the
595:
377:History of allegations
2148:List of bicycle types
2132:Sustainable transport
1891:Cross-country cycling
1874:fast-paced recreation
1713:General and technical
1255:University of Toronto
774:
751:
647:2010 Tour of Flanders
590:
2232:Sports controversies
1199:Ghost in the Machine
913:Ghost in the Machine
878:2017 Tour Down Under
721:Ghost in the Machine
667:2014 Vuelta a España
621:, cheating by using
435:Doping-related lists
318:Association Football
199:Tetrahydrogestrinone
179:Human growth hormone
93:Substances and types
1958:Road bicycle racing
1828:Cold-weather biking
1803:Bicycle rental/hire
1740:Bicycle performance
1065:New York Daily News
889:classic cycle races
874:2016 Tour de France
781:Sanctioned athletes
657:on a steep part of
627:technological fraud
607:competitive cycling
222:Biological passport
16:Cheating in cycling
2227:History of cycling
2222:Cheating in sports
2112:Bicycle collecting
1987:Health, safety and
1639:. 29 January 2017.
1336:. 27 February 2016
1310:. 21 February 2016
800:. You can help by
596:
499:Anti-doping bodies
421:Biogenesis scandal
395:Operation Aderlass
2204:
2203:
2096:Vehicular cycling
1863:Vehicular cycling
1798:Bicycle messenger
1793:Bicycle commuting
1633:60 Minutes Sports
1548:. 27 January 2017
930:Technology doping
865:
864:
852:6 year ban &
818:
817:
651:Fabian Cancellara
613:to help propel a
603:mechanical doping
585:
584:
368:L.A. Confidentiel
348:Floyd Landis case
124:Technology doping
119:Mechanical doping
99:Anabolic steroids
53:
52:
2244:
2194:
2193:
2168:List of cyclists
2061:Cycling advocacy
2046:Bike-to-Work Day
2001:Bicycle-friendly
1881:Artistic cycling
1823:Challenge riding
1784:Utility and slow
1745:Electric bicycle
1735:Bicycle geometry
1730:Bicycle dynamics
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1438:. 26 April 2016.
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625:. As a form of "
577:
570:
563:
440:Doping cases in
389:OperaciĂłn Puerto
373:Lance Armstrong
247:Stem cell doping
184:Methylhexanamine
149:Stem cell doping
114:Stem cell doping
85:
80:
57:
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27:
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2011:Bicycle parking
1996:Active mobility
1988:
1982:
1978:Unicycle trials
1973:Unicycle hockey
1936:Mountain biking
1873:
1867:
1858:Utility cycling
1853:Utility bicycle
1813:Bicycle touring
1785:
1779:
1725:Bicycle culture
1708:
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1574:. 21 March 2018
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1545:cyclingnews.com
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1416:. 26 April 2016
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1224:. 30 April 2024
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744:UCI regulations
714:Lance Armstrong
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619:doping in sport
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416:Mitchell Report
354:Game of Shadows
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217:Abortion doping
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70:Doping in sport
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2081:Lane splitting
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2026:Bicycle safety
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1989:infrastructure
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730:Davide Cassani
695:Milan–San Remo
678:Cycling Weekly
663:Ryder Hesjedal
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615:racing bicycle
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343:Festina affair
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305:
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295:
290:
275:Tour de France
272:
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227:Blood-spinning
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31:
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22:
15:
9:
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3:
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2217:Bicycle parts
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2044:
2042:
2041:Bike registry
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2021:Bicycle rodeo
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1991:
1985:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1963:Track cycling
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1947:
1944:
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1939:
1938:
1937:
1934:
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1929:
1927:
1924:
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1911:Cyclosportive
1909:
1907:
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1899:
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1844:
1843:Randonneuring
1841:
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1836:
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899:Documentaries
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836:
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799:
796:This section
794:
791:
787:
786:
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773:
766:
763:
762:
761:
758:
754:
750:
741:
739:
735:
731:
725:
722:
717:
715:
711:
707:
702:
700:
699:Giro d'Italia
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
679:
674:
673:
668:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
638:
635:
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628:
624:
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616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
593:
589:
578:
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571:
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559:
558:
556:
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541:
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387:
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365:
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358:
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355:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
338:United States
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
316:
314:
313:Dubin Inquiry
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
298:BALCO scandal
296:
294:
291:
288:
284:
280:
276:
273:
271:
268:
267:
261:
260:
253:
250:
248:
245:
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218:
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208:
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197:
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177:
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172:
170:
167:
165:
162:
160:
157:
155:
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150:
147:
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142:
140:
137:
135:
132:
130:
127:
125:
122:
120:
117:
115:
112:
110:
107:
105:
102:
100:
97:
96:
90:
89:
84:
79:
75:
74:
71:
68:
67:
63:
59:
58:
55:
47:
35:
30:
21:
20:
2071:Hand signals
1848:Road cycling
1760:Balance bike
1632:
1623:
1613:
1607:
1599:The Guardian
1598:
1588:
1576:. Retrieved
1571:
1562:
1550:. Retrieved
1543:
1534:
1522:. Retrieved
1518:
1509:
1500:
1493:. Retrieved
1491:. 4 May 2016
1482:
1473:
1461:. Retrieved
1444:
1430:
1418:. Retrieved
1413:
1404:
1392:. Retrieved
1375:
1363:. Retrieved
1359:
1350:
1338:. Retrieved
1334:Cycling News
1333:
1324:
1312:. Retrieved
1308:Cycling News
1307:
1298:
1286:. Retrieved
1280:
1270:
1258:. Retrieved
1248:
1238:
1226:. Retrieved
1221:
1212:
1203:
1198:
1177:. Retrieved
1173:
1163:
1151:. Retrieved
1137:
1125:. Retrieved
1119:
1109:
1097:. Retrieved
1091:
1081:
1069:. Retrieved
1063:
1053:
1041:. Retrieved
1035:
1025:
1013:. Retrieved
1007:
997:
985:. Retrieved
979:
969:
957:. Retrieved
953:
944:
912:
910:
902:
893:
882:
871:
837:January 2016
809:October 2022
806:
802:adding to it
797:
775:
771:
759:
755:
752:
747:
726:
720:
718:
703:
687:Garmin–Sharp
683:commissaires
676:
670:
644:
602:
599:Motor doping
598:
597:
393:
366:
359:
352:
328:East Germany
129:Cannabinoids
118:
104:Blood doping
54:
44:October 2022
41:
33:
2127:Quadracycle
2117:Cycling kit
2056:Cyclability
2006:Bicycle law
1906:Cyclo-cross
1901:Cycle sport
1394:29 February
1390:. p. 7
1340:29 February
1314:29 February
1260:29 February
1250:The Varsity
1127:29 February
1099:29 February
1071:29 February
887:stages and
868:Inspections
856:20,000 fine
382:Doping case
293:Auto racing
252:Whizzinator
232:Doping test
211:Terminology
164:Clenbuterol
139:Painkillers
109:Gene doping
2237:Sports law
2211:Categories
2122:Pentacycle
2076:Idaho stop
1953:Pump track
1926:Goldsprint
1838:Rail trail
1818:Cargo bike
1786:recreation
1552:28 January
1365:2 November
936:References
885:Grand Tour
697:, and the
691:Paris–Nice
655:Tom Boonen
194:Stanozolol
154:Stimulants
2036:Bike rage
1968:Triathlon
1916:Fatbiking
1693:Outlines
1572:BBC Sport
1519:BBC Sport
1484:USA Today
1414:BBC Sport
716:in 2012.
659:Kapelmuur
653:attacked
447:Athletics
242:Repoxygen
169:Ephedrine
144:Sedatives
134:Diuretics
2196:Category
1941:Downhill
1921:Freeride
1775:Unicycle
1770:Tricycle
1697:Bicycles
1689:Glossary
1637:CBS News
1578:21 March
1228:30 April
959:29 April
919:See also
672:L'Equipe
270:Olympics
62:a series
60:Part of
1720:Bicycle
1702:Cycling
1678:Cycling
1524:27 June
1454:(Video)
1222:Vulture
1179:1 March
1153:1 March
1147:(Video)
829:Penalty
826:Cyclist
641:History
452:Cycling
264:History
34:updated
1946:Trials
1458:Yahoo!
1420:18 May
1288:14 May
1043:14 May
1015:14 May
987:14 May
832:Event
361:Juiced
333:Russia
2141:Lists
2105:Other
1495:4 May
1463:3 May
1384:(PDF)
911:The
649:when
611:motor
605:, in
601:, or
442:Sport
323:China
189:SARMs
1580:2018
1554:2017
1526:2016
1497:2016
1465:2016
1422:2016
1396:2016
1367:2023
1342:2016
1316:2016
1290:2016
1262:2016
1230:2024
1204:Stak
1181:2016
1155:2016
1129:2016
1101:2016
1073:2016
1045:2016
1017:2016
989:2016
961:2016
908:2m.
906:US$
823:Date
287:2007
283:1999
279:1998
1886:BMX
1360:UCI
854:CHF
804:.
734:RAI
174:EPO
2213::
1635:.
1631:.
1597:.
1570:.
1542:.
1517:.
1499:.
1487:.
1481:.
1456:.
1412:.
1386:.
1358:.
1332:.
1306:.
1279:.
1253:.
1247:.
1220:.
1202:.
1189:^
1172:.
1118:.
1090:.
1062:.
1034:.
1006:.
978:.
952:.
701:.
693:,
285:,
281:,
64:on
1670:e
1663:t
1656:v
1601:.
1582:.
1556:.
1528:.
1467:.
1424:.
1398:.
1369:.
1344:.
1318:.
1292:.
1264:.
1232:.
1183:.
1157:.
1131:.
1103:.
1075:.
1047:.
1019:.
991:.
963:.
811:)
807:(
738:€
576:e
569:t
562:v
289:)
277:(
46:)
42:(
36:.
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