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During the night, these jellyfish stay lower in the water column and migrate each day, rising to the waters surface, and following the sun east to west, to allow their zooxanthellae access to the light they need to photosynthesize.
420:
The zooxathellae provide the jellyfish with nutrients, and in return the zooxanthellae get a safe place to live. This symbiotic relationship is not unique to the spotted jellyfish, and can also be observed in species such as the
463:
which capture the jellyfish in their tentacles. While the jellyfish is captured by the anemone, an enterprising gastropod or fish may scavenge upon the captured jellyfish before the anemone is finished consuming it.
388:
The spotted jelly has distinctive spots atop its bell, and vary in colouration, from greenish blue to olive green, which can be attributed to the zooxanthellae which reside within their tissues.
440:
Some populations of spotted jellies in Palau have been found to occur in huge groups (called "smacks"), which have become tourist attractions. The most famous spot to admire them is the
372:
645:"Photosynthetic capacity of the endosymbiotic dinoflagellate Cladocopium sp. is preserved during digestion of its jellyfish host Mastigias papua by the anemone Entacmaea medusivora"
413:
These jellies feed on zooplankton and other tiny organisms using their stinging cells, called cnidocytes. The spotted jelly has several small mouths used to grab animal plankton.
912:
526:
416:
Spotted jellies also acquire much of their nutrition via an endosymbiotic relationship with photosynthetic zooxathellae, such as those of the genus
1056:
1082:
391:
They have 8 frilled oral arms, which end in a clublike appendage. The upper surfaces of these arms are covered in stinging cells called
437:
Spotted jellies range throughout the Indo-Pacific, from the Fijian
Islands to the western Indian Ocean, and from Japan to Australia.
757:"Redescription of Mastigias papua (Scyphozoa, Rhizostomeae) with designation of a neotype and recognition of two additional species"
1172:
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1177:
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17:
501:
812:"First confirmed reports of the rhizostome jellyfish Mastigias (Cnidaria: Rhizostomeae) in the Atlantic basin"
569:
395:. Unlike many other jellies, spotted jellyfish have numerous mouths along the bottom of their oral arms.
996:
991:
978:
69:
1139:
485:
811:
643:
Vega de Luna, Félix; Dang, Kieu-Van; Cardol, Mila; Roberty, Stéphane; Cardol, Pierre (2019-10-01).
331:
1126:
846:"A jellyfish-eating sea anemone (Cnidaria, Actiniaria) from Palau: Entacmaea medusivora sp. nov"
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441:
402:, which act as the sensory organs of the jellyfish, on the margin of the bell.
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They average 10cm (4 in) in diameter, but can grow as large as 30 cm (12 in).
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Five subspecies have been described, inhabiting separate marine lakes in the
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30:
For the
Australian spotted jellyfish or white-spotted jellyfish, see
927:
732:"Jellyfish Lake: Why is the Ongeim'l Tketau lake full of jellyfish?"
950:
276:
101:
538:
Journal of the Marine
Biological Association of the United Kingdom
1022:
1100:
480:
Collins, A.G.; Morandini, A.C. (2023). World List of
Scyphozoa.
891:
273:
91:
642:
445:
304:
265:
527:"Five new subspecies of Mastigias (Scyphozoa: Rhizostomeae:
292:
755:
Souza, Mariana Rocha De; Dawson, Michael N (2018-08-10).
809:
456:
Spotted jellies are predated upon by the sea anemone
810:M. Bayha and M. Graham, Keith and William (2011).
1154:
283:is one of the numerous marine animals living in
754:
618:Smithsonian Environmental Research Center.
272:, and other sea jellies, it belongs to the
843:
518:
496:
494:
47:
676:
844:Fautin, D. G.; Fitt, W. K. (June 1991).
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531:) from marine lakes, Palau, Micronesia"
491:
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613:
611:
609:
607:
24:
25:
1189:
884:
730:Team, How It Works (2016-06-14).
718:
702:"Mastigias papua (Golden medusa)"
699:
604:
588:"Mastigias papua (Golden medusa)"
585:
484:(Lesson, 1830). Accessed through
890:
448:, also known as Jellyfish Lake.
68:
1173:Cnidarians of the Pacific Ocean
837:
803:
1178:Cnidarians of the Indian Ocean
748:
693:
636:
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474:
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13:
1:
467:
451:
7:
298:
10:
1194:
525:Dawson, Michael N (2005).
432:
408:
227:Agassiz & Mayer, 1899
29:
1168:Animals described in 1830
940:
773:10.11646/zootaxa.4457.4.2
649:FEMS Microbiology Ecology
558:10.1017/S0025315405011604
360:(in Uet era Ngermeuangel)
192:
185:
170:
163:
65:Scientific classification
63:
55:
46:
41:
917:at Monterey Bay Aquarium
852:. 216–217 (1): 453–461.
909:at Animal Diversity Web
831:10.3391/ai.2011.6.3.13
385:
224:Pseudorhiza thocambaui
924:on Sealife Collection
661:10.1093/femsec/fiz141
506:Monterey Bay Aquarium
423:upside-down jellyfish
379:
58:Monterey Bay Aquarium
901:at Wikimedia Commons
706:Animal Diversity Web
592:Animal Diversity Web
459:Entacmaea medusivora
442:Ongeim’l Tketau Lake
340:(in Ongeim’l Tketau)
216:Mastigias physophora
32:Phyllorhiza punctata
27:Species of jellyfish
833:– via REABIC.
550:2005JMBUK..85..679D
318:(in Uet era Ongael)
291:, a photosynthetic
858:10.1007/BF00026499
386:
256:, is a species of
1150:
1149:
1109:Open Tree of Life
934:Taxon identifiers
895:Media related to
819:Aquatic Invasions
620:"Mastigias sp. 1"
377:
234:
233:
228:
220:
219:Kishinouye, 1895
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56:Specimens at the
16:(Redirected from
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624:invasions.si.edu
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568:. Archived from
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398:There are eight
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254:Papuan jellyfish
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586:Chang, Yachun.
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502:"Spotted jelly"
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482:Mastigias papua
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382:Mastigias papua
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350:(in Clear Lake)
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281:Mastigias papua
242:Mastigias papua
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18:Mastigias papua
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825:(3): 361–366.
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767:(4): 520–536.
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575:on 2006-09-05.
544:(3): 679–694.
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264:oceans. Like
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250:golden medusa
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199:Lesson, 1830
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165:Binomial name
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156:M. papua
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739:. Retrieved
736:How It Works
735:
709:. Retrieved
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652:
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627:. Retrieved
623:
595:. Retrieved
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581:
570:the original
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509:. Retrieved
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418:Cladocopium.
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358:p. remeliiki
357:
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326:p. nakamurai
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270:sea anemones
262:Indo-Pacific
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246:lagoon jelly
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196:Cephea papua
195:
180:Lesson, 1830
173:
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155:
154:
142:
122:Rhizostomeae
36:
1163:Mastigiidae
1122:SeaLifeBase
1044:iNaturalist
529:Mastigiidae
365:Description
337:p. etpisoni
211:Maas, 1903
132:Mastigiidae
1157:Categories
920:Photos of
741:2024-02-29
711:2024-02-29
629:2024-02-29
597:2024-02-29
511:2018-02-25
393:cnidocytes
866:0018-8158
781:1175-5334
669:0168-6496
468:Footnotes
452:Predators
380:Video of
348:p. saliii
285:symbiosis
260:from the
258:jellyfish
150:Species:
143:Mastigias
112:Scyphozoa
88:Kingdom:
82:Eukaryota
1062:10358124
1023:46554227
951:Wikidata
874:21758147
797:52976771
789:30314144
687:31504450
566:13572718
400:rhopalia
299:Taxonomy
277:Cnidaria
187:Synonyms
128:Family:
102:Cnidaria
98:Phylum:
92:Animalia
78:Domain:
1036:2264545
957:Q140409
761:Zootaxa
678:6757112
546:Bibcode
433:Habitat
409:Feeding
307:group.
208:Sibogae
138:Genus:
118:Order:
108:Class:
1140:220485
1114:168840
1101:220485
1088:596313
997:798730
872:
864:
795:
787:
779:
685:
675:
667:
655:(10).
564:
274:phylum
266:corals
1135:WoRMS
1127:44765
1075:51813
1057:IRMNG
1049:69830
1010:3YCV5
870:S2CID
815:(PDF)
793:S2CID
573:(PDF)
562:S2CID
534:(PDF)
486:WoRMS
446:Palau
305:Palau
287:with
252:, or
1096:OBIS
1083:NCBI
1070:ITIS
1031:GBIF
992:BOLD
862:ISSN
785:PMID
777:ISSN
765:4457
683:PMID
665:ISSN
356:cf.
346:cf.
335:cf.
324:cf.
314:cf.
293:alga
236:The
206:var.
1018:EoL
1005:CoL
979:AFD
966:ADW
854:doi
827:doi
769:doi
673:PMC
657:doi
554:doi
444:in
425:.
244:),
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1111::
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860:.
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734:.
720:^
704:.
681:.
671:.
663:.
653:95
651:.
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622:.
606:^
590:.
560:.
552:.
542:85
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536:.
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493:^
354:M.
344:M.
333:M.
322:M.
312:M.
295:.
279:.
268:,
248:,
876:.
856::
829::
823:6
799:.
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632:.
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556::
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461:,
240:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
