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The word "massif" originates from French (in which the word also means "massive"), where it is used to refer to a large mountain mass or compact group of connected mountains forming an independent portion of a range. The
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1623:"Mesoproterozoic Geology of the Blue Ridge Province in North-Central Virginia: Petrologic and Structural Perspectives on Grenvillian Orogenesis and Paleozoic Tectonic Processes"
1597:"Mesoproterozoic Geology of the Blue Ridge Province in North-Central Virginia: Petrologic and Structural Perspectives on Grenvillian Orogenesis and Paleozoic Tectonic Processes"
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Blackman, Donna (2002). "Geology of the
Atlantis Massif (Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 30°N): Implications for the evolution of an ultramafic oceanic core complex".
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of the crust, a massif tends to retain its internal structure while being displaced as a whole. A massif is a smaller structural unit than a
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2008, Time scales of tectonic landscapes and their sediment routing systems, Geol. Soc. Lon. Sp. Pub., v. 296, p. 7–28.
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is an example of an extraterrestrial massif. Massifs may also form underwater, as with the
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literature, a massif is frequently used to denote the main mass of an individual mountain.
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1515:"Mars Face Makeover: Controversial Formation Observed from New Angles"
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This article is about a geological formation. For other uses, see
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and is considered the fourth-largest driving force in
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74:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1582:"The Sydney Morning Herald, November 6, 2009"
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821:massif seen from an airplane. Part of the
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927:– Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg and France
134:Learn how and when to remove this message
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212:mass, such as a compact portion of a
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72:adding citations to reliable sources
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1560:10.1023/b:mari.0000018232.14085.75
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1621:Tollo, Richard (June 16, 2023).
1595:Tollo, Richard (June 16, 2023).
1513:Britt, Robert Roy (2006-09-21).
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16:The principal mass of a mountain
231:As a purely scientific term in
59:needs additional citations for
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1480:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
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1456:— the largest volcano on Earth
1073:Massif du Mercantour-Argentera
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1:
1540:Marine Geophysical Researches
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7:
847:– France–Belgium–Luxembourg
10:
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921:– Italy–France–Switzerland
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18:
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216:, containing one or more
1163:Speikboden (South Tyrol)
1108:
941:Massif – Bulgaria–Greece
650:
590:Logar ultrabasite massif
361:Central African Republic
37:Not to be confused with
26:Not to be confused with
1422:North Patagonian Massif
1226:Le Massif de Charlevoix
825:, it is located in the
718:Takht-e Suleyman Massif
677:
495:
274:
21:Massif (disambiguation)
834:
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239:that is demarcated by
151:
1145:Massiccio del Pollino
811:
799:Pirin Mountain massif
796:
780:
149:
1280:Grandfather Mountain
1134:Massiccio del Matese
511:Bromo-Tengger-Semeru
296:adding missing items
68:improve this article
1552:2002MarGR..23..443B
1253:Mount Meager massif
1118:Gran Sasso d'Italia
1068:Massif de l'Esterel
887:– Iberian Peninsula
816:Gran Sasso d'Italia
694:Kheru-Naru (Chekel)
432:Waterberg Biosphere
150:A massif in Ukraine
1445:Mid-Atlantic Ridge
1366:Dominican Republic
1362:Valle Nuevo Massif
1353:Massif de la Hotte
1078:Monte Cinto massif
994:Beaufortain Massif
897:Mangerton Mountain
835:
823:Apennine Mountains
806:
791:
610:massif (including
375:Kilimanjaro Massif
294:; you can help by
152:
1483:. Merriam-Webster
1337:Ahipara Gumfields
1270:Adirondack Massif
1219:Laurentian Massif
1035:Massif des Écrins
1030:Dévoluy Mountains
1025:Chartreuse Massif
963:Massif – Bulgaria
953:– Germany–Austria
919:Mont Blanc massif
783:Mont Blanc massif
572:Kugitangtau Ridge
321:Adrar des Ifoghas
312:
311:
208:) is a principal
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1413:Colombian Massif
1305:Mount Timpanogos
1229:
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1181:Cornubian Massif
1148:
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1120:
1103:Vosges Mountains
1083:Taillefer Massif
1064:
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1010:Calanques Massif
984:Armorican Massif
962:
961:
936:
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914:
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885:Hesperian Massif
869:– Czech Republic
862:
861:
819:
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746:Kokshetau Massif
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631:Mount Tomuraushi
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1441:Atlantis Massif
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1378:Brasilia Massif
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1098:Vercors Plateau
1045:Lauzière massif
1020:Chablais Massif
970:
891:Jungfrau Massif
879:Gotthard Massif
867:Bohemian Massif
845:Ardennes Massif
781:Aerial view of
775:
731:
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653:
554:Knuckles Massif
520:Chu Pong Massif
498:
480:Cumpston Massif
475:Craddock Massif
466:
444:
397:Marojejy Massif
339:Ambohiby Massif
317:
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269:Atlantis Massif
220:(e.g. France's
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1546:(5): 443–469.
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1449:Atlantic Ocean
1443:– part of the
1436:
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1428:Deseado Massif
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1400:Neblina Massif
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1295:Mount Le Conte
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1290:Mount Katahdin
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1258:Mount Septimus
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1243:Level Mountain
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1191:Snowdon Massif
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1169:United Kingdom
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1093:Vanoise Massif
1090:
1088:Queyras Massif
1085:
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1061:Massif Central
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1040:Jura Mountains
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925:Rhenish Massif
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873:Ceahlău Massif
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704:Mount Damavand
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622:Mount Kinabalu
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563:Kondyor Massif
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458:Khachna Massif
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415:Virunga Massif
412:
406:Mulanje Massif
403:
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366:Ennedi Plateau
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253:tectonic plate
226:mountaineering
222:Massif Central
214:mountain range
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32:Mountain range
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1584:. 2009-11-06.
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1447:in the North
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1372:South America
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1300:Mount Shuksan
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1208:North America
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1126:Grappa Massif
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1021:
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1016:
1015:Cerces Massif
1013:
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1008:
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1005:Bornes Massif
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989:Bauges Massif
987:
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901:
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895:
893:– Switzerland
892:
889:
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883:
881:– Switzerland
880:
877:
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871:
868:
865:
860:
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852:
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846:
843:
841:– Switzerland
840:
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832:
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609:
608:Mount Everest
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591:
588:
586:
582:
579:
577:
573:
570:
568:
564:
561:
559:
555:
552:
550:– Nepal–India
549:
548:Kangchenjunga
546:
544:
540:
536:
533:
530:
527:
525:
521:
518:
516:
512:
509:
507:
503:
500:
499:
491:
488:
486:
485:Vinson Massif
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
467:
459:
456:
454:
453:Edough Massif
451:
449:
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293:
290:This list is
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260:
258:
257:geomorphology
254:
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95:
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88:
85: –
84:
80:
79:Find sources:
73:
69:
63:
62:
57:This article
55:
51:
46:
45:
40:
33:
29:
22:
1630:. Retrieved
1626:
1616:
1604:. Retrieved
1600:
1590:
1576:
1543:
1539:
1533:
1522:. Retrieved
1508:
1501:Allen, P. A.
1496:
1485:. Retrieved
1478:
1469:
1332:Heard Island
1312:French Broad
1285:Mount Juneau
1248:Mount Edziza
1238:Mount Cayley
1196:Ben Klibreck
1153:Monte Ermada
1141:
1130:
1114:
979:Aravis Range
812:
797:Panorama of
760:
734:
642:Nanga Parbat
599:Mount Ararat
576:Turkmenistan
490:Otway Massif
448:Collo Massif
436:South Africa
357:Bongo Massif
348:Benna Massif
300:
265:Face on Mars
261:
230:
155:
153:
130:
124:October 2010
121:
111:
104:
97:
90:
78:
66:Please help
61:verification
58:
1454:Tamu Massif
1430:– Argentina
1424:– Argentina
1341:New Zealand
1316:Teton Range
1233:Mount Logan
1158:Sila Massif
657:Bundelkhand
594:Afghanistan
585:North Korea
470:Borg Massif
388:Oban Massif
303:August 2008
1648:Categories
1524:2009-05-04
1487:2023-06-21
1461:References
1309:Shenandoah
1201:Cairngorms
999:Belledonne
951:Untersberg
911:Montserrat
829:region of
764:Semizbughy
729:Kazakhstan
667:Panchchuli
646:– Pakistan
614:) – Nepal–
581:Kumgangsan
535:Gasherbrum
529:Dhaulagiri
464:Antarctica
401:Madagascar
343:Madagascar
330:Aïr Massif
292:incomplete
94:newspapers
1659:Mountains
1654:Landforms
1519:Space.com
1435:Submerged
1404:Venezuela
1386:Argentina
1347:Caribbean
1186:Long Mynd
1175:Ben Nevis
899:– Ireland
875:– Romania
863:– Austria
851:Åreskutan
839:Aarmassif
558:Sri Lanka
515:Indonesia
502:Annapurna
247:. In the
1632:June 15,
1606:June 15,
1568:96459991
1475:"massif"
1417:Colombia
1390:Paraguay
974:Alpilles
947:– Cyprus
903:Montgris
853:– Sweden
803:Bulgaria
751:Mount Ku
723:Zard-Kuh
672:Shillong
626:Malaysia
543:Pakistan
427:DR Congo
383:Tanzania
249:movement
245:flexures
210:mountain
83:"Massif"
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1548:Bibcode
1394:Uruguay
1328:Big Ben
1322:Oceania
1203:massifs
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939:Rhodope
915:– Spain
905:– Spain
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827:Abruzzo
756:Myrzhyk
738:Degelen
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699:Kholeno
689:Hazaran
662:Nun Kun
618:(China)
531:– Nepal
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442:Algeria
392:Nigeria
233:geology
218:summits
108:scholar
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616:Tibet
539:China
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1627:USGS
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