20:
336:
on 8 July 1395, he was the only cardinal who refused to demand
Benedict XIII's resignation. Howard Kaminsky notes that while Martín's "independence may have been reinforced by the fact that most of his benefices ... lay in Navarre, it was actually a personal trait," plainly in view in his
328:. He was ceremonially robed as a cardinal in the cathedral of Pamplona on 25 September. He was popularly known as the Cardinal of Pamplona. In 1393, he returned to Avignon, where he would thereafter reside permanently. When Clement VII was succeeded by
179:, he remained in Avignon and governed his diocese through two vicars general, Ferrando Ibáñez de Huarte and García Martínez de Larraga, both with legal training. He was one of the papal delegates to the peace conference held in
245:
On 1 October 1379, Martín returned to
Navarre. He was met at the border by the king and other notables. He argued the cause of Clement VII, but did not convince Charles II away from a position of neutrality. He attended the
247:
294:
341:
207:
353:
24:
340:
In 1396, Martín was succeeded as chancellor of
Navarre by Francisco de Villaespesa. In 1398, he was briefly imprisoned when the inhabitants of Avignon
298:
111:
593:
Hanly, Michael (2009). "Witness to the Schism: The
Writings of Honorat Bovet". In Joëlle Rollo-Koster; Thomas M. Izbicki (eds.).
73:
629:
304:
In 1390, Martín secured the recognition of
Clement VII by Charles III. On 10 July, there was a partial collapse in the
613:
19:
687:
222:
266:
authority. From 1387 to 1393, he resided in
Pamplona, where he held a diocesan synod, set up a court of
99:, where he obtained his doctorate in laws in 1365. He had knowledge of several languages. According to
692:
263:
212:
358:
305:
184:
329:
282:
202:
Martín's reputation for learning and sanctity is well attested in accounts of the start of the
88:
651:
638:
577:
677:
325:
290:
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intending to freely confirm the election of Urban VI. They sent Martín to mediate, but Count
160:
96:
92:
84:
682:
286:
267:
234:
145:
8:
309:
137:
53:
45:
603:
501:
255:
233:, but only succeeded in wounding and robbing him. Martín returned to Avignon under the
49:
41:
171:
On 16 December 1377, Martín was appointed bishop of
Pamplona. Having been appointed a
110:
in 1363 and came to hold various canonries throughout Spain. During the episcopate of
624:
609:
251:
333:
196:
100:
320:
On 23 July 1390, Clement VII rewarded Martín's successful diplomacy by naming him
321:
226:
206:
in 1378. There are conflicting accounts of his role the early days. According to
176:
141:
116:
578:"Los obispos de Pamplona del siglo XIV: El cardenal Martín de Zalba (1377–1403)"
332:
later that year, Martín remained loyal to the
Avignon line. In a meeting in the
230:
203:
153:
129:
57:
271:
229:, Martín denounced Urban to his face and the pope tried to have him killed at
671:
289:
to negotiate the restoration of lands confiscated from
Charles II during the
188:
643:
The Great
Western Schism, 1378–1417: Performing Legitimacy, Performing Unity
133:
275:
349:
172:
259:
199:, among the bishops present, only Martín spoke out in their defence.
163:
appointed him chancellor, a largely honorific position by that time.
23:
Possible representation of Martín de Zalba among the mourners on the
566:
78:
69:
250:
in 1380–1381 and served Charles II on diplomatic missions to King
477:
436:
180:
107:
426:
424:
568:
Documentos de Benedicto XIII referentes a la Corona de Castilla
455:
453:
451:
308:
cathedral. Martín cooperated with the king to repair it in the
258:. In 1384–1387, he was back in Avignon. In 1385, he received a
218:
149:
285:
and in April 1388 Martín led an embassy on his behalf to King
489:
465:
421:
345:
448:
352:
in southern France on 27 October 1403 and was buried in the
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541:
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373:
25:
tomb of Charles III of Navarre and Eleanor of Castile
144:. In 1375, he was placed in charge of the parish of
52:
from 1377 until his death. From 1390, he was also a
595:
A Companion to the Great Western Schism (1378–1417)
564:
507:
225:convinced Urban to refuse. According to Cardinal
669:
575:
495:
483:
471:
442:
430:
637:
622:
535:
415:
132:, which covered the Navarrese territory of
63:
649:
565:Álvarez Palenzuela, Vicente Ángel (2021).
523:
384:
293:. Other members of the delegation include
83:. His primary schooling took place in the
652:"El cardenal de Pamplona Martín de Zalba"
128:), he served as the vicar general of the
601:
547:
18:
72:into a merchant family originally from
44:cleric and statesman who served as the
16:Chancellor of Navarre from 1376 to 1396
670:
217:, the dissident cardinals gathered at
187:. On 19 April 1378, the newly crowned
605:Simon de Cramaud and the Great Schism
592:
459:
270:and defended his diocese's rights in
262:confirming Pamplona's exemption from
344:. He afterwards moved into exile in
342:besieged the cardinals in the palace
337:interactions with Urban VI in 1378.
240:
191:accused the bishops resident at the
166:
13:
103:, he taught canon law at Avignon.
87:. He attended the universities of
14:
704:
195:of being perjurers. According to
48:from 1376 until 1396 and as the
633:. Real Academia de la Historia.
557:
123:
68:Martín was born around 1337 in
630:Diccionario Biográfico Español
576:Goñi Gaztambide, José (1962).
1:
645:. Cambridge University Press.
34:
623:Pavón Benito, Julia (2018).
608:. Rutgers University Press.
281:Charles II was succeeded by
7:
315:
248:assembly of Medina de Campo
10:
709:
597:. Brill. pp. 159–196.
106:Martín received his first
650:Zunzunegui, José (1941).
602:Kaminsky, Howard (1983).
183:in March 1378 to end the
136:. In 1373, he became the
46:chancellor of the kingdom
40:– 27 October 1403) was a
366:
295:Francisco de Villaespesa
64:Early life and education
508:Álvarez Palenzuela 2021
462:, p. 179 and note.
334:papal palace in Avignon
185:War of the Eight Saints
152:while residing at the
27:
326:San Lorenzo in Lucina
161:Charles II of Navarre
85:cathedral of Pamplona
22:
639:Rollo-Koster, Joëlle
496:Goñi Gaztambide 1962
484:Goñi Gaztambide 1962
472:Goñi Gaztambide 1962
443:Goñi Gaztambide 1962
431:Goñi Gaztambide 1962
354:Chartreuse de Bonpas
287:Charles VI of France
235:Antipope Clement VII
688:Bishops of Pamplona
486:, pp. 314–316.
445:, pp. 311–312.
625:"Zalba, Martín de"
291:Hundred Years' War
256:Gaston III of Foix
208:Martín de Alpartil
50:bishop of Pamplona
28:
656:Príncipe de Viana
582:Príncipe de Viana
536:Rollo-Koster 2022
416:Pavón Benito 2018
252:John I of Castile
241:Return to Navarre
167:Bishop and schism
148:with the rank of
146:San Martín de Unx
58:Avignon obedience
700:
693:Cardinal-priests
663:
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634:
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299:Pedro de Laxague
216:
197:Dietrich of Niem
159:. In 1376, King
127:
126: 1363–1375
125:
120:
101:Dietrich of Niem
82:
39:
36:
708:
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524:Zunzunegui 1941
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385:Zunzunegui 1941
383:
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369:
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322:cardinal priest
318:
243:
227:Bertrand Lagier
210:
177:Pope Gregory XI
169:
122:
114:
76:
66:
37:
31:Martín de Zalba
17:
12:
11:
5:
706:
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665:
664:
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599:
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588:(88): 309–400.
573:
561:
559:
556:
553:
552:
550:, p. 142.
540:
538:, p. 166.
528:
516:
500:
498:, p. 319.
488:
476:
474:, p. 314.
464:
447:
435:
433:, p. 312.
420:
389:
371:
370:
368:
365:
317:
314:
242:
239:
168:
165:
130:diocese of Dax
65:
62:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
705:
694:
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615:9780813509495
611:
607:
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583:
579:
574:
570:
569:
563:
562:
549:
548:Kaminsky 1983
544:
537:
532:
526:, p. 98.
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485:
480:
473:
468:
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400:
398:
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387:, p. 94.
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381:
379:
377:
372:
364:
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355:
351:
348:. He died at
347:
343:
338:
335:
331:
330:Benedict XIII
327:
323:
313:
311:
307:
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296:
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238:
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232:
228:
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223:Nicola Orsini
220:
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189:Pope Urban VI
186:
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47:
43:
32:
26:
21:
678:1330s births
659:
655:
642:
628:
604:
594:
585:
581:
567:
558:Bibliography
543:
531:
519:
511:
503:
491:
479:
467:
438:
339:
319:
310:Gothic style
303:
280:
264:metropolitan
244:
204:Great Schism
201:
192:
170:
155:
134:Ultrapuertos
112:Jean de Saie
105:
67:
30:
29:
683:1403 deaths
662:(2): 86–94.
571:. Dykinson.
357: [
283:Charles III
272:Montearagón
268:Inquisition
211: [
173:referendary
154:Avignonese
115: [
77: [
38: 1337
672:Categories
460:Hanly 2009
306:Romanesque
260:papal bull
254:and Count
276:Guipúzcoa
42:Navarrese
641:(2022).
316:Cardinal
89:Toulouse
70:Pamplona
54:cardinal
231:Subiaco
181:Sarzana
108:canonry
97:Avignon
93:Bologna
56:of the
612:
512:passim
219:Anagni
150:deacon
142:Tudela
367:Notes
361:]
350:Salon
346:Arles
215:]
193:curia
156:curia
119:]
81:]
74:Zalba
610:ISBN
297:and
274:and
138:dean
95:and
324:of
175:by
140:of
674::
658:.
654:.
627:.
586:23
584:.
580:.
510:,
450:^
423:^
392:^
375:^
363:.
359:fr
312:.
301:.
278:.
237:.
213:es
124:r.
117:fr
91:,
79:es
60:.
35:c.
660:2
618:.
514:.
418:.
121:(
33:(
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