36:
856:
589:
874:
the tariff policy had been to maximize tax revenue". Pedro Cezar Dutra
Fonseca argued that, despite being "doubtful that the tariff resulted in a protectionist effect, since the 30% tax rate applied to most goods was considered low by Alves Branco himself", it is undeniable that the debate regarding the tax policy was fueled by nationalism, with Alves Branco stating that the General Assembly wanted "not only to fill the state's deficit, but also protect national capital already employed within the country in some manufacturing industry, and encourage others to seek the same fate".
765:, when Lúcio Soares Teixeira de Gouveia, then minister of justice, presented his draft in May 1829. Together with Antônio José da Veiga and José Antônio da Silva Maia, Alves Branco was elected to the commission that would present a new code based on Gouveia's project, being its main drafter. The new criminal procedure code, only lightly discussed in the assembly, was approved on 29 November 1832. Together, the Criminal Procedure Code and the Criminal Code, the latter approved in 1830, revoked Book V of the Philippine Ordinances, which had been in force in Brazil since the
800:. Years earlier, with the arrival of the Portuguese royal family in Brazil, prince regent John had signed a decree on 28 January 1808 that opened Brazil's ports to foreign trade. While initially not discriminating the origin of products in relation to the application of tariffs, a new decree was issued on 11 June 1808 that established a preferential tax of 16% to Portuguese goods, which led the United Kingdom to protest. Thus, the British government, taking advantage of its influence over Portugal, signed the
1998:
746:, Alves Branco presented a bill on 28 July 1831 to reformulate the country's electoral system. The bill, inspired on a French one that had been discussed earlier that year, included the right of women to vote in primary elections, provided they were the householder, that is, widowed or separate from their husbands, but it was not voted nor discussed, due to the political crisis that took hold of the country following the beginning of the
2008:
852:, food processing, brickworks, small foundries and the homemade cloth industry". The subsequent academic debate about the tariff centered on its "true intention": on one side were those who considered its introduction only as a way of alleviating the precarious situation of revenue for the public treasury and on the other those who saw it as intended to protect the country's industry.
678:, was also behind the country's first legal initiative towards women's suffrage. As minister of finance, he introduced a new customs tariff in 1844 with the primary aim of increasing Brazil's revenue and reducing the fiscal deficit in the country's trade balance. The tariff, which became known as Alves Branco Tariff, led to a relative surge in industrialization in Brazil. He died in
915:, exercised by the emperor of Brazil: that of freely appointing and removing the ministers of state. After the decree, it was up to the prime minister, once appointed by the emperor, to nomitate the ministers with the monarch's consent. Thus, Manuel Alves Branco became the first de jure prime minister of Brazil on 22 May 1847.
898:. According to Luiz Carlos Soares, the adoption of the Alves Branco Tariff was one of the factors that stimulated Brazilian industry in the 1840s, when "a surge of industrial growth began in the city of Rio de Janeiro and in other locations across the country, in addition to the expansion of markets brought about by the
877:
While the tariff's main goal was to solve the fiscal deficit, Villela concluded that "'fiscal' and 'protectionist' objectives are not mutually exclusive" and that, considering the heavier tariffs imposed on imported goods that had a local equivalent, namely textiles and ironworks, the policymakers at
819:
As the end of the treaty approached, the debate between defenders of the agricultural sector and industrialists resurfaced, as the latter saw the opportunity to use the customs duties as a mechanism to promote industrialization. The end of the treaty, initially expected to 1842 and later postponed to
873:
André Villela stated that the motives behind the introduction of the Alves Branco Tariff were, above all, the result of pragmatism, since, given the "chronic deficit situation of the imperial treasury" at the time and the country's incipient industry, it was "inevitable that the primary function of
1436:
Organisações e programmas ministeriaes desde 1822 a 1889 : notas explicativas sobre moções de confiança, com alguns dos mais importantes
Decretos e Leis, resumo historico sobre a discussão do Acto Addicional, Lei de Interpretação, Codigo Criminal, do Processo e Commercial, lei de terras, etc.,
943:
Article 3 of the bill provided that "Mothers of families who are widows, or separated from their husbands, who meet the necessary conditions to exercise the right to vote in the primary
Assemblies, may cast their vote through one of their children, sons-in-law, grandchildren, or any relative if the
836:
Since the first objective of the tariff is to fill the deficit, in which the country has been working for years, it was my duty to ensure that the new rate of duties, which comprised the largest sum of values, was such that it would probably fill it; and because the income by the 20 percent which
831:
In this context, the so-called Alves Branco Tariff was introduced with Decree No. 376 of 12 August 1844, which established a 30% tariff on a total of 2,243 imported goods, while the remaining ones would be subject to tariffs ranging from 2 to 60%. In his statement of reasons regarding the tariff,
807:
As part of the treaty, British products would be subject to a 15% customs tariff, while
Portuguese ones would pay 16% and the rest of the world 24%. The preferential tariff to British goods was met with strong opposition in Brazil including local merchants and the elite. In need of international
847:
In André Villela's evaluation, the introduction of the tariff was "the first clearest manifestation of an official desire to grant some protection to domestic manufacturing activity , at that time still restricted to
910:
The office of prime minister of Brazil, officially called "president of the council of ministers", was created by Decree No. 523 of 20 July 1847. The creation of the office changed one of the prerrogatives of the
1544:
664:
780:, which were elected. The code, which also expanded civil and political rights, as well as legal guarantees, was deemed an extremely liberal document, being later reformed in 1841 and 1871.
828:. With the end of the regency period, plagued by rebellions and political instability, Brazil could turn its attention to its foreign policy and seek to break free from British influence.
812:, and despite internal opposition, Brazil renewed the treaty for 15 years in 1827 as compensation for British support in the country's recognition by Portugal, which came with the 1825
843:, it was obvious that, to achieve that aim, it would be necessary to increase it by another 10 percent; and this is the reason why foreign imports are generally taxed at 30 percent.
1446:
772:
The new
Criminal Procedure Code rationalized criminal justice in Brazil by introducing new formulas and institutions. It abolished the old colonial justice offices, such as the
1617:""Factos, principios d'economia e regras de administração pública": considerações sobre o Tribunal do Comércio e a industrialização brasileira na primeira metade do século XIX"
703:
in 1815, where he graduated in Law and
Natural Sciences in 1823, having also attended the Mathematics course for three years. Alves Branco returned to Brazil in 1824, going to
2072:
757:
As deputy, Alves Branco was tasked by the
Chamber of Deputies with creating Brazil's first Criminal Procedure Code in July 1831. The creation of such code, as mandated by the
1747:
1410:
95:
1898:
895:
804:
with the
Portuguese on 19 February 1810, which granted a series of privileges to British subjects residing in Brazil and also to British goods imported into the country.
1862:
588:
1777:
140:
796:
signed the treaties of
Alliance and Friendship and Commerce and Navigation with the United Kingdom as compensation for the British support and protection in the
2077:
1802:
268:
152:
35:
1808:
1713:
855:
663:
During his political career, Alves Branco was responsible for the introduction of several important measures. He was the main drafter of Brazil's first
699:, Bahia, where he had his first studies, learning French, Latin, logic and rhetoric. Due to his early performance, his family sent him to study at the
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1856:
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1922:
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in 1815, where he received a degree in Law and
Natural Sciences in 1823. After returning to Brazil in 1824, he served as judge in Salvador,
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1844:
1826:
1796:
1759:
1487:
1633:
669:
217:
175:
1868:
707:, from where he was sent to Salvador to serve as a criminal judge that same year. Three years later, he was appointed to serve as
2067:
1706:
2042:
878:
the time also valued protectionism. The adoption of the tariff thus led to industrial growth in these areas, which expanded in
743:
675:
117:
2082:
1533:
2092:
2062:
1965:
1934:
194:
912:
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2001:
1699:
1560:
2011:
1520:
1373:
821:
747:
1850:
1832:
1820:
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1753:
1647:
813:
2047:
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820:
1844, coincided with Brazil's internal process of strengthening of the central power following the end of the
695:
The son of João Alves Branco and Ana Joaquina de S. Silvestre, Manuel Alves Branco was born on 7 June 1797 in
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1838:
617:(7 June 1797 – 13 July 1855) was a Brazilian politician, economist, and magistrate during the
1722:
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50:
1503:
1616:
899:
887:
734:
in the Court, where he began his political career after being elected deputy for Bahia to the
709:
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641:
559:
652:. He began his political career in 1830 after being elected general deputy for Bahia to the
2037:
2032:
839:
837:
were generally paid for foreign goods brought to the country amounted to 12 to 13 thousand
777:
8:
793:
751:
609:
1545:"Prestação de contas, verdade dos orçamentos e divisão de poderes no Império do Brasil"
714:
645:
71:
1659:
1529:
1461:
1421:
801:
1991:
1730:
1597:"O Juiz de Paz Imperial: uma experiência de magistratura leiga e eletiva no Brasil"
1434:
618:
537:
766:
696:
637:
517:
513:
1959:
704:
649:
1672:
2026:
1663:
1465:
1425:
730:
After serving as a magistrate in Bahia, Manuel Alves Branco was appointed as
1691:
1648:"As origens dos debates sobre o controle de contas no Brasil do século XIX"
879:
1971:
776:, and centered the new judicial structure around new offices such as the
1411:"As Tarifas Alves Branco: entre o protecionismo e a preocupação fiscal"
569:
554:
23:
924:
679:
533:
984:
982:
1673:"Política tarifária no II Reinado: evolução e impactos, 1850-1889"
890:, the latter of which saw the construction of steamships with the
849:
979:
902:
and the sudden population growth in the middle of the century".
1447:"A regulamentação do voto feminino no Código Eleitoral de 1932"
883:
381:
1577:"Código de Processo Criminal de Primeira Instância de 1832"
1033:
1454:
Revista Eletrônica de Direito Eleitoral e Sistema Político
1232:
1184:
1160:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1437:
etc., com varios esclarecimentos e quadros estatisticos
1119:
999:
997:
1504:"Gênese e precursores do desenvolvimentismo no Brasil"
1244:
750:
in 1831. Nonetheless, it was the first initiative for
621:(1822–1889). He held the positions of general deputy,
2073:
Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Empire of Brazil)
1371:
1328:
1304:
1292:
1280:
1268:
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1440:(in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro: Imprensa Nacioanal.
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1107:
1097:
1095:
1057:
1009:
994:
967:
1316:
1045:
1069:
640:in 1797, Alves Branco left Brazil to study at the
1646:Vellozo, Julio Cesar; Jorge, André Lemos (2018).
1528:(in Portuguese). Brasília: Câmara dos Deputados.
1092:
2024:
1561:"A relação do Rio de Janeiro no Brasil Imperial"
1394:"O Conselho de Ministros do Império no Brasil"
40:Portrait by José Correia de Lima, unknown date
2078:Members of the Senate of the Empire of Brazil
1721:
1707:
1641:(in Portuguese). Vol. 1. Senado Federal.
1495:XI Congresso Brasileiro de História Econômica
725:
1645:
656:'s 2nd legislature (1830–1833), joining the
1568:ANPUH – XXIII Simpósio Nacional de História
1519:Marques, Teresa Cristina de Novaes (2019).
905:
301:Antônio Francisco Cavalcanti de Albuquerque
258:Antônio Francisco Cavalcanti de Albuquerque
2007:
1714:
1700:
798:transfer of the Portuguese court to Brazil
792:during the Napoleonic Wars, prince regent
207:16 January 1835 – 5 February 1836
165:16 January 1835 – 14 October 1835
34:
16:Prime Minister of Brazil from 1847 to 1848
1372:Arquivo Nacional Mapa (30 October 2018).
1352:Almeida, Felipe Pessanha (25 July 2014).
629:, senator and was also the first de jure
1575:Pessoa, Gláucia Tomaz de Aquino (2016).
1409:Barbosa, Pedro Henrique Batista (2014).
854:
738:'s 2nd legislature in 1830, joining the
343:16 May 1837 – 19 September 1837
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312:1 September 1839 – 18 May 1840
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130:2 February 1844 – 23 May 1844
1695:
1559:Neto, Nilton Soares de Souza (2005).
1485:
1354:"Presidente do Conselho de Ministros"
1286:
608:
281:2 February 1844 – 2 May 1846
1615:Santos, Sylvana Andrade dos (2018).
1558:
1488:"A economia do Brasil no século XIX"
1101:
1502:Fonseca, Pedro Cezar Dutra (2004).
826:declaration of majority of Pedro II
720:
353:Manuel do Nascimento Castro e Silva
248:22 May 1847 – 8 March 1848
63:22 May 1847 – 8 March 1848
13:
2088:Liberal Party (Brazil) politicians
1552:XI Congresso de História Econômica
14:
2104:
1445:Camargo, Elvis Aparecido (2020).
2006:
1997:
1996:
1635:Galeria dos brasileiros ilustres
1473:Coelho, J. M. Vaz Pinto (1861).
587:
1344:
788:In 1810, in the context of the
2068:Ministers of justice of Brazil
1595:Rodycz, Wilson Carlos (2003).
1486:Croce, Marcus Antônio (2015).
1392:Barbosa, Silvana Mota (2007).
937:
610:[manuˈɛwˈawvizˈbɾɐ̃ku]
363:Miguel Calmon du Pin e Almeida
1:
2043:19th-century Brazilian judges
1481:(in Portuguese). No. 10.
1433:Câmara dos Deputados (1889).
955:
864:
832:Alves Branco explained that:
690:
2083:University of Coimbra alumni
960:
923:Manuel Alves Branco died in
685:
230:José Inácio Borges (interim)
7:
2093:People from Salvador, Bahia
2063:Finance ministers of Brazil
1554:(in Portuguese). São Paulo.
790:French invasion of Portugal
322:Cândido Batista de Oliveira
195:Minister of Foreign Affairs
10:
2109:
1570:(in Portuguese). Londrina.
1398:Locus: Revista de História
989:Arquivo Nacional Mapa 2018
808:recognition following its
726:General deputy (1830–1833)
332:José Antônio da Silva Maia
2058:Prime ministers of Brazil
1981:
1948:
1729:
1723:Prime ministers of Brazil
1543:Martins, Adelino (2020).
1522:O voto feminino no Brasil
615:2nd Viscount of Caravelas
595:
583:
575:
565:
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523:
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467:General Deputy for Bahia
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28:The Viscount of Caravelas
21:
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906:Prime Minister of Brazil
814:Treaty of Rio de Janeiro
631:prime-minister of Brazil
141:Honório Hermeto Carneiro
51:Prime Minister of Brazil
1671:Villela, André (2005).
742:. Together with deputy
665:Criminal Procedure Code
291:Joaquim Francisco Viana
1632:Sisson, S. A. (1999).
1604:Justiça & História
870:
859:The Meuron Factory in
845:
153:Antonio Limpo de Abreu
2048:Brazilian monarchists
1475:"Manoel Alves Branco"
1420:(24). Brasília: UnB.
1418:Em tempo de Histórias
1374:"Manuel Alves Branco"
1042:, pp. 30–31, 35.
944:former are missing",
858:
834:
778:justices of the peace
759:Imperial Constitution
701:University of Coimbra
642:University of Coimbra
560:University of Coimbra
188:Manuel Antônio Galvão
107:Further offices held
1881:Cansanção de Sinimbu
1686:(1). Belo Horizonte.
1929:Correia de Oliveira
810:war of independence
784:Alves Branco Tariff
761:, had begun in the
674:and, together with
627:minister of finance
623:minister of justice
602:Manuel Alves Branco
236:Minister of Finance
118:Minister of Justice
2053:Brazilian nobility
1923:Maurício Vanderlei
1851:Góis e Vasconcelos
1833:Góis e Vasconcelos
1821:Góis e Vasconcelos
1621:Revista Cantareira
1610:(5). Porto Alegre.
1404:(1). Juiz de Fora.
871:
863:, Rio de Janeiro,
579:Order of the Cross
536:, Rio de Janeiro,
368:Parliament offices
269:Viscount of Abaeté
218:Aureliano Coutinho
176:Aureliano Coutinho
2020:
2019:
1966:Brochado da Rocha
1905:Rodrigues Pereira
1654:(in Portuguese).
1606:(in Portuguese).
1535:978-85-402-0683-0
1508:Pesquisa e Debate
1241:, pp. 46–47.
1193:, pp. 38–39.
1169:, pp. 61–62.
1128:, pp. 15–16.
927:on 13 July 1855.
802:Strangford Treaty
599:
598:
471:
470:
455:Senator for Bahia
443:Senator for Bahia
431:Senator for Bahia
419:Senator for Bahia
407:Senator for Bahia
395:Senator for Bahia
96:Viscount of Macaé
2100:
2010:
2009:
2000:
1999:
1935:Assis Figueiredo
1857:Rodrigues Torres
1772:Rodrigues Torres
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1709:
1702:
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752:women's suffrage
736:General Assembly
721:Political career
673:
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619:Empire of Brazil
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2016:
1987:Died in office
1977:
1952:
1944:
1943:
1917:Antônio Saraiva
1899:Cunha Paranaguá
1893:Martinho Campos
1887:Antônio Saraiva
1733:
1725:
1720:
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1675:
1652:Direito Público
1638:
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1583:
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1514:(2). São Paulo.
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544:Political party
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1960:Tancredo Neves
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1763:
1757:
1751:
1748:Almeida Torres
1745:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1727:
1726:
1719:
1718:
1711:
1704:
1696:
1689:
1688:
1668:
1643:
1629:
1612:
1592:
1572:
1556:
1540:
1534:
1516:
1499:
1483:
1470:
1442:
1430:
1406:
1389:
1369:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1339:
1327:
1315:
1303:
1301:, p. 173.
1291:
1279:
1267:
1255:
1253:, p. 230.
1243:
1231:
1219:
1207:
1195:
1183:
1171:
1159:
1147:
1130:
1118:
1106:
1091:
1068:
1066:, p. 324.
1056:
1044:
1032:
1030:, p. 130.
1020:
1008:
1006:, p. 180.
993:
978:
976:, p. 179.
965:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
951:
950:
935:
934:
932:
929:
920:
917:
907:
904:
888:Rio de Janeiro
822:regency period
785:
782:
774:juízes de fora
744:José Bonifácio
727:
724:
722:
719:
705:Rio de Janeiro
692:
689:
687:
684:
676:José Bonifácio
650:Rio de Janeiro
597:
596:
593:
592:
585:
581:
580:
577:
573:
572:
567:
563:
562:
557:
551:
550:
545:
541:
540:
531:(aged 58)
525:
521:
520:
502:
498:
497:
493:
492:
489:
488:
485:
484:
481:
480:
477:
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457:
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397:
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84:Office created
81:
75:
74:
69:
65:
64:
54:
53:
47:
46:
43:
42:
39:
31:
30:
27:
24:His Excellency
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2105:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
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2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2013:
2005:
2003:
1995:
1994:
1993:
1990:
1986:
1983:End of term:
1980:
1973:
1970:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1940:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1909:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1879:
1876:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1863:Pimenta Bueno
1861:
1858:
1855:
1852:
1849:
1846:
1843:
1840:
1837:
1834:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1801:
1798:
1795:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1778:Carneiro Leão
1776:
1773:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1761:
1758:
1755:
1752:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1717:
1712:
1710:
1705:
1703:
1698:
1697:
1694:
1685:
1681:
1680:Nova Economia
1674:
1669:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1644:
1637:
1636:
1630:
1626:
1622:
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1598:
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1513:
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1471:
1467:
1463:
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1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1390:
1379:
1375:
1370:
1359:
1355:
1350:
1349:
1337:, p. 55.
1336:
1331:
1324:
1319:
1313:, p. 53.
1312:
1307:
1300:
1295:
1288:
1283:
1277:, p. 60.
1276:
1271:
1265:, p. 47.
1264:
1259:
1252:
1247:
1240:
1235:
1229:, p. 46.
1228:
1223:
1217:, p. 39.
1216:
1211:
1205:, p. 38.
1204:
1199:
1192:
1187:
1181:, p. 68.
1180:
1175:
1168:
1163:
1157:, p. 37.
1156:
1151:
1145:, p. 61.
1144:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1127:
1122:
1116:, p. 15.
1115:
1110:
1103:
1098:
1096:
1088:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1065:
1060:
1053:
1048:
1041:
1036:
1029:
1024:
1018:, p. 30.
1017:
1012:
1005:
1000:
998:
990:
985:
983:
975:
970:
966:
947:
940:
936:
928:
926:
916:
914:
903:
901:
897:
893:
892:Baron of Mauá
889:
885:
881:
875:
862:
857:
853:
851:
844:
842:
841:
833:
829:
827:
823:
817:
815:
811:
805:
803:
799:
795:
791:
781:
779:
775:
770:
768:
764:
760:
755:
753:
749:
745:
741:
740:Liberal Party
737:
733:
718:
716:
712:
711:
706:
702:
698:
683:
681:
677:
671:
666:
661:
659:
658:Liberal Party
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
634:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
611:
603:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
571:
568:
564:
561:
558:
556:
552:
549:
546:
542:
539:
535:
526:
522:
519:
515:
503:
499:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
474:
466:
458:
454:
446:
442:
434:
430:
422:
418:
410:
406:
398:
394:
386:
383:
379:
371:
366:
362:
356:
352:
346:
340:
335:
331:
325:
321:
315:
309:
304:
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294:
290:
284:
278:
273:
270:
267:
261:
257:
251:
245:
240:
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233:
229:
223:
219:
216:
210:
204:
199:
196:
192:
189:
186:
180:
177:
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168:
162:
157:
154:
151:
145:
142:
139:
133:
127:
122:
119:
115:
111:
104:
100:
97:
94:
88:
85:
82:
76:
73:
70:
66:
60:
55:
52:
48:
44:
37:
32:
25:
20:
1988:
1984:
1938:
1911:Sousa Dantas
1875:Lima e Silva
1839:José Furtado
1815:Lima e Silva
1809:Silva Ferraz
1791:Lima e Silva
1785:
1754:Sousa e Melo
1742:Alves Branco
1741:
1683:
1679:
1655:
1651:
1634:
1624:
1620:
1607:
1603:
1584:. Retrieved
1580:
1567:
1551:
1521:
1511:
1507:
1494:
1478:
1457:
1453:
1435:
1417:
1401:
1397:
1381:. Retrieved
1377:
1361:. Retrieved
1357:
1345:Bibliography
1335:Barbosa 2007
1330:
1323:Almeida 2014
1318:
1311:Barbosa 2007
1306:
1294:
1282:
1275:Villela 2005
1270:
1263:Villela 2005
1258:
1251:Fonseca 2004
1246:
1239:Villela 2005
1234:
1227:Villela 2005
1222:
1215:Villela 2005
1210:
1203:Villela 2005
1198:
1191:Villela 2005
1186:
1179:Barbosa 2014
1174:
1167:Barbosa 2014
1162:
1155:Villela 2005
1150:
1143:Barbosa 2014
1121:
1109:
1104:, p. 1.
1059:
1054:, p. 8.
1052:Camargo 2020
1047:
1040:Marques 2019
1035:
1028:Marques 2019
1023:
1016:Marques 2019
1011:
969:
948:, p. 31
946:Marques 2019
939:
922:
909:
880:Minas Gerais
876:
872:
868: 1840s
846:
838:
835:
830:
818:
806:
787:
773:
771:
756:
732:juiz de fora
731:
729:
710:juiz de fora
708:
694:
662:
648:and finally
635:
614:
601:
600:
529:(1855-07-13)
527:13 July 1855
380:Senator for
359:Succeeded by
338:
328:Succeeded by
307:
297:Succeeded by
276:
264:Succeeded by
243:
226:Succeeded by
202:
183:Succeeded by
160:
148:Succeeded by
125:
91:Succeeded by
83:
58:
2038:1855 deaths
2033:1797 births
1992:Coup d'état
1974:(1962–1963)
1972:Hermes Lima
1962:(1961–1962)
1953:(1961–1963)
1931:(1888–1889)
1925:(1885–1888)
1913:(1884–1885)
1907:(1883–1884)
1901:(1882–1883)
1889:(1880–1882)
1883:(1878–1880)
1877:(1875–1878)
1871:(1871–1875)
1865:(1870–1871)
1859:(1868–1870)
1853:(1866–1868)
1847:(1865–1866)
1845:Araújo Lima
1841:(1864–1865)
1829:(1862–1864)
1827:Araújo Lima
1817:(1861–1862)
1811:(1859–1861)
1805:(1858–1859)
1799:(1857–1858)
1797:Araújo Lima
1793:(1856–1857)
1774:(1852–1853)
1768:(1849–1852)
1762:(1848–1849)
1760:Araújo Lima
1744:(1847–1848)
1734:(1847–1889)
1383:18 November
1363:19 November
1299:Santos 2018
1126:Rodycz 2003
1114:Rodycz 2003
1087:Pessoa 2016
1064:Coelho 1861
1004:Sisson 1999
974:Sisson 1999
900:coffee boom
850:sugar mills
763:First Reign
754:in Brazil.
715:Santo Amaro
668: [
646:Santo Amaro
606:Portuguese:
511:7 June 1797
349:Preceded by
318:Preceded by
287:Preceded by
254:Preceded by
213:Preceded by
171:Preceded by
136:Preceded by
79:Preceded by
2027:Categories
1497:. Vitória.
1287:Croce 2015
956:References
691:Early life
570:Politician
566:Occupation
555:Alma mater
507:1797-06-07
1782:1853–1856
1664:2236-1766
1466:2594-9519
1426:2316-1191
1102:Neto 2005
961:Citations
824:with the
686:Biography
682:in 1855.
584:Signature
462:1830–1833
450:1837–1837
438:1838–1841
426:1843–1844
414:1845–1847
402:1848–1849
390:1850–1852
375:1853–1855
339:In office
308:In office
277:In office
244:In office
220:(interim)
203:In office
161:In office
126:In office
59:In office
2002:Category
1950:Republic
1586:13 April
896:shipyard
697:Salvador
638:Salvador
636:Born in
72:Pedro II
1937:(1889)
925:Niterói
861:Andaraí
748:regency
680:Niterói
613:), the
548:Liberal
534:Niterói
68:Monarch
1968:(1962)
1919:(1885)
1895:(1882)
1835:(1864)
1823:(1862)
1756:(1848)
1750:(1848)
1731:Empire
1662:
1658:(79).
1532:
1464:
1424:
840:contos
576:Awards
1676:(PDF)
1639:(PDF)
1600:(PDF)
1564:(PDF)
1548:(PDF)
1526:(PDF)
1491:(PDF)
1460:(2).
1450:(PDF)
1414:(PDF)
931:Notes
919:Death
884:Bahia
672:]
382:Bahia
2012:List
1660:ISSN
1588:2024
1581:Mapa
1530:ISBN
1462:ISSN
1422:ISSN
1385:2023
1378:Mapa
1365:2023
1358:Mapa
886:and
524:Died
501:Born
894:'s
769:.
713:in
633:.
2029::
1784:)
1684:15
1682:.
1678:.
1656:14
1650:.
1625:29
1623:.
1619:.
1602:.
1579:.
1566:.
1550:.
1512:15
1510:.
1506:.
1493:.
1477:.
1456:.
1452:.
1416:.
1402:13
1400:.
1396:.
1376:.
1356:.
1133:^
1094:^
1071:^
996:^
981:^
882:,
865:c.
816:.
717:.
670:pt
660:.
625:,
516:,
1989:×
1985:†
1939:×
1786:†
1780:(
1715:e
1708:t
1701:v
1666:.
1627:.
1608:3
1590:.
1538:.
1468:.
1458:4
1428:.
1387:.
1367:.
1325:.
1089:.
991:.
604:(
509:)
505:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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