508:
380:
335:
348:
household, and the wife is required to commit to caring for her husband and children. During social gatherings, if an outsider attends, they are sometimes encouraged to marry a Bede woman, who, once married, is often absorbed into the Bede community. In cases where an outsider marries a Bede woman through deceit, they must pay compensation. Some Bede tribes follow unique marriage customs. In one such tradition, before marriage, the groom must climb to the top of a tall tree and remain there. The bride, standing below, pleads with him to come down, offering various promises. She vows to take care of the household, serve his parents, and raise their children. Despite these assurances, the groom remains seated in the tree. The bride then promises never to complain and to obey him unconditionally, yet the groom still does not descend. Finally, when the bride declares that she will support him financially for life and that he won't have to provide for her, the groom agrees to come down, and the marriage takes place. In another custom among some tribes, the bride must offer a dowry, with the amount depending on her financial capacity. This dowry is entrusted to the head woman of the tribe.
276:
typically build temporary platforms or live on boats near rivers and lowlands, with the boat being a highly valued asset. They travel across rural
Bangladesh for trade, especially during the harvest season, a practice known as "gawal" in their language. Women predominantly participate in these travels, carrying baskets for snakes or medicinal items. The Bedes set out for gawal in the late Agrayan and mid-Ashar months, returning to their permanent residence after completing their trade journey by mid-Chaitra and mid-Ashwin. During these journeys, they either walk or travel by boat, staying in local boats, tents, or school verandas as they travel from village to village. The Bede community in Bangladesh is divided into nine distinct branches or sub-groups. These are: Lauyo, Chapailya, Bajikar, Bej, Gayin, Mellach, Bandaira, Mal and Shapuria (snake charmer).
280:
291:
divides the group into smaller units, with a director in charge of each unit. The Sardar determines the trade routes and areas for the teams, ensuring they can stay in contact with him if needed. The Sardar is responsible for maintaining order within the "Bahor" and adjudicating disputes. If any team fails to return to their permanent settlement by a set deadline, the Sardar can demand an explanation and impose penalties. The Sardar also receives fees during marriages and gifts on special occasions.
423:, and Nawabganj. They perform eye surgeries using broken glass. The Chapailya Bedes, or Shajdar, focus on selling garlands made from fish bones, tiger's paws, and bird bones, which are believed to relieve muscle pain and other bodily ailments. Additionally, they offer opium, pearl ornaments, bangles, crescent-shaped necklaces, and cockles. They are also skilled in crafting and marketing Sanas (weaving sticks) for weavers. Expert divers among the Bedes come from
1497:
1071:
1233:
520:
conditions in permanent housing with modern amenities over the transient and impoverished lifestyle associated with traditional boat-based living. Reports suggest that many Bedes have already left their traditional way of life for more stable circumstances and are showing growing interest in education and better career opportunities.
396:
relief for ailments like rheumatism and toothache, often using herbal ointments. Bedes' other occupations are in the entertainment services (e.g. monkey shows, magic shows) and petty trading. Many villagers believe in the magical powers of the gypsies. They can make evil spirits leave someone's body according to magical powers.
805:
447:, the tea gardens of Mirzapur, and Amirabad in Comilla. The Bajikar and Mellach Bedes sell fox bones and hornbill oil. The Shialya Bedes do not engage in trade with other Bede groups and consume a wide range of animals, including cows, boars, and snakes, and worship Hindu deities. They are primarily located in
163:(meaning healer or physician). Historically, the Bedes have been involved in various forms of traditional medicine, including herbal remedies and spiritual healing practices. The Bedes are descendants of the Mon-tong tribe from the Arakan kingdom, and they often prefer to identify themselves as Mon-tong.
515:
Among minority groups in
Bangladesh, the Bedes are among the most disadvantaged and marginalized. They lack essential rights and basic needs, including food, shelter, sanitation, health services, information, and education. Many Bedes struggle to adapt to the rapidly changing, globalized world due to
395:
and herbal medicines, which they claim have magical properties. They utilize wild plants, herbs, and roots as herbal treatments and heavily incorporate rituals such as incantations and charms in their healing practices. The Bede are known for their expertise in treating children, as well as providing
294:
In addition to the Sardar of the "Bahor," there are also sub-clan and clan
Sardars. At a predetermined time and location, all Bahor Sardars convene to elect these higher-level Sardars. Historically, these meetings occurred during the Kartik Baruni fair at the confluence of the Ganges and Brahmaputra
519:
The younger generation of Bede is increasingly disinterested in their ancestral professions, perceiving them as offering limited prospects and social respect. Many young Bedes are now seeking to integrate into mainstream society and achieve a more recognized social status. They prefer stable living
347:
The Bedes often organize various celebrations and festivals where marriage takes place with mutual consent between the bride and groom, along with approval from their guardians. Young men and women enjoy complete freedom in choosing their partners. After marriage, the husband moves into the wifeâs
507:
290:
Each Bede family typically possesses its own boat, and several families and boats together form a group. Multiple groups then make up a "Bahor" (Clan) and several "Bahors" collectively constitute a sub-clan. The leader of a "Bahor" is known as the Sardar. Each "Bahor" is overseen by a Sardar, who
503:
The advancement of modern technology, infrastructure development, and progress in medical science has reduced the demand for traditional practices of the Bede community, such as spiritual healing, snake charming, and monkey dancing. As entertainment increasingly shifts to smartphones and digital
275:
The Bedes live in a communal society, adhering to traditional customs and staying together as a group. Although their society is patriarchal, women play a crucial role within the community. The Bede men are often seen as idle, while the women are responsible for most of the hard labor. The Bedes
554:
community members in the coming fiscal year. Additionally, allowances for the Bede community will continue, with plans to include 9,832 individuals from other disadvantaged groups under the allowance program. Abul Hassan
Mahmood Ali also stated that educational stipend programs for marginalized
245:
race, as indicated by their broad head and medium height, which align with
Mongoloid traits. However, their brown and coarse hair is not curly, distinguishing them from the typical Mongoloid features. In contrast, curly and reddish or dark brown hair, along with dark skin, are characteristics
578:
mythological creature) and becomes entangled in a power struggle against the Shir Bede, the leader of the Bede community. The novel explores the history and experiences of the Bede people in Bengal, focusing particularly on the rituals involved in a woman's transformation into a Nagini.
240:
Bede community is characterized by dark skin, a broad head, abundant, curly and coarse hair, a broad nose, average height, and thick or heavy lips. Their physique is robust and distinctive. Ethnographic studies suggest that the Bede people may represent a sub-group of the
516:
a lack of skills and knowledge. Prior to 2008, the Bedes were denied voting rights due to their lack of land ownership and were unable to access bank loans or microcredit. Since 2008, however, the Bede community has been granted the right to vote.
536:
In 2022, the project provided homes to 59 Bede familiesâ31 from
Badedihi village and 28 from Kashipur village within Kaliganj municipality. These homes were part of the Ashrayan Projectâs largest Bede housing site, located near Majdia Baor in
588:, released in 1989, tells the love story between a common Bede woman and a Prince against the disapproval of the king. It was the highest-grossing Bangladeshi film until 2023, earning approximately ā§ŗ25 crore, a record surpassed by
210:
In 2008, Bede community were granted the voting rights for the first time in
Bangladesh. Prior to 2008, the Bedes were denied voting rights due to their lack of land ownership and were unable to access bank loans or microcredit.
147:. They travel in groups and never stay in one place for more than a couple of months. The Bedes are a marginalized group. Historically the Bedes were unable to vote as they did not own land, nor could they apply for banks loan or
219:
Thet or Ther is the distinct language of Bede. They use this language when conversing among themselves but speak
Bengali when interacting with Bengali speakers. The language has significant similarities with the language of the
379:
334:
467:. The Mal Bedes are known for their work in healing snake poison, extracting tooth worms, selling arthritis medicines, and blowing horns. They capture and sell snakes but do not perform snake shows. They live in
451:
and the bordering areas of India. The
Bandaira Bedes, mainly residing in Lalmonirhat, sell parts of monkey bodies for medicinal purposes and earn income through monkey shows. They sing praises of
351:
In Bede society, there is no practice of polygamy or joint families. Widows are free to remarry without any social barriers. Although the Bedes identify as
Muslims, the women do not practice
171:
Determining the origins and spread of the Bedey community is a challenging and contentious issue. It is said that in 1638, a group arrived in Dhaka alongside the exiled King Ballal of
331:(loose shirt without collar) worn on the upper body. However, many Bede men and women have increasingly adopted attire similar to that of the general Bengali people in recent times.
355:(veiling). Bede women are highly independent, and in the event of a divorce, property and even custody of children are typically divided, with the wife receiving the larger share.
323:, while women dress in two pieces of a ten-cubit long fabric. One piece is wrapped around the waist in a double twist, and the other is draped over the shoulder like a scarf, with
611:
was released in Bangladesh. The film centers on a mute nomadic woman, identified as a "Bede," who is rescued by fishermen from a boat stranded at sea. On September 2,
504:
devices, these traditional professions have become less profitable. Consequently, many Bede women have been driven to beg in urban areas like Dhaka out of necessity.
254:
race, particularly the Aboriginal Australians. These groups share physical traits and genetic markers with Proto-Australoids, including a high percentage of the
143:. The Bede traditionally live, travel, and earn their living on the river, which has given them the name of "Water Gypsy" or "River Gypsy". Bedes are similar to
1121:
363:
Most of them are Muslim but also practice Hinduism, Shamanism and Animism along with Islam. They are related to other South Asian nomadic groups, such as the
1099:
628:
1534:
991:
399:
The Lauyo Bedeys are known for selling fish and garlands made from fish bones. This group originates from several areas, including Biania in
570:, published in 1952, is set within the religious customs and beliefs of the Bede community. The story follows a young woman who becomes a
1016:
723:
671:
195:, with the term "Bede" deriving from "Bedouin." According to Bede folklore, they once established a kingdom in Pandua, located in the
623:, marking the first time a Bangladeshi film has ranked in the top 30 of the U.S. box office. The Bangladesh Oscar Committee selected
1173:
1215:
1147:
1573:
1553:
1265:
1527:
47:
1578:
1055:
544:
1107:
966:
96:
1520:
1563:
151:
for the same reason. This situation persisted until 2008, when they were finally granted the right to vote.
1295:
1237:
607:
17:
250:
features. Further analysis points to possible connections between the Bedeys and certain subgroups of the
1568:
246:
associated with the Negroid race. The Bedey's thick lips and facial structure also bear similarities to
1558:
159:
The Bedes are also known by names such as Badiya, Baidya, or Boiddani, which originate from the term
191:
in India. Some theories suggest that the Bedes originated from ancient Egypt and are related to the
1290:
1258:
563:
533:
555:
communities, including Hijra and Bede, will continue to enhance their educational opportunities.
547:
595:
415:. The Bej Bedes, also known as Michchigiri, specialize in treating eye diseases and reside in
528:
Many Bedes have been allocated permanent housing and a two-decimal plot of land through the
479:. The Shapurias, or snake charmers, sell amulets and talismans, capture snakes, and perform
411:. In contrast, the Gain Bedeys specialize in selling aromatic spices and are primarily from
1476:
734:
682:
8:
1251:
910:
296:
259:
251:
279:
551:
538:
199:
of West Bengal, India. Another popular belief is that the Bedes are descendants of the
136:
112:
1508:
1466:
1211:
1051:
653:
476:
200:
941:
543:
In the proposed budget for the fiscal year 2025, presented to Parliament on June 6,
779:
584:
529:
229:
204:
196:
59:
1471:
1461:
1444:
1430:
833:
72:
1504:
632:
480:
388:
300:
221:
1148:"'Hawa' first Bangladeshi film in top 30 US box office hits, says distributor"
1547:
1395:
1372:
616:
602:
was ranked fifth among the top 10 Bangladeshi films based on audience polls.
144:
108:
183:, they eventually spread to remote areas of Bangladesh and even to parts of
1440:
1410:
1357:
1332:
884:
255:
1435:
1420:
1342:
879:
448:
432:
428:
404:
368:
184:
148:
104:
1352:
1337:
1310:
1274:
1207:
992:"Ashrayan-2: 59 Bede families dream of a new life with permanent homes"
400:
364:
308:
284:
262:' indigenous Australoid populations and Australia's Aboriginal people.
140:
100:
1204:
The âBedesâ of Bengal: Establishing an Ethnic Group through Portrayals
1122:"'Priyotoma' sells tickets worth Tk 25 crore by the end of third week"
1367:
590:
488:
468:
456:
444:
412:
392:
391:(training), snake catching, snake selling, etc. They also sell lucky
304:
242:
180:
1405:
1327:
1315:
1076:
1017:"12,629 individuals will get allowances from Bede, Hijra community"
810:
472:
420:
92:
76:
1415:
867:] (in Bengali). Khulna: Sonadanga Bishop's House. p. 43.
487:, the goddess of snakes, and are found in Munshiganj, Dhaka, and
464:
440:
416:
408:
387:
The majority of the Bedes live on snake related trading, such as
311:, where they hold elections and resolve any unresolved disputes.
247:
225:
192:
80:
571:
1425:
1347:
1232:
620:
492:
484:
460:
352:
172:
1496:
1400:
1377:
1320:
1243:
731:
What Works for the Poorest: Knowledge, Policies and Practices
679:
What Works for the Poorest: Knowledge, Policies and Practices
575:
436:
424:
188:
176:
724:"The Nomadic Bede Community and Their Mobile School Program"
672:"The Nomadic Bede Community and Their Mobile School Program"
224:. Many of the words used in Thet are derived from the early
1305:
452:
654:"Identity in flux: a comparative study of Manta and Beday"
1362:
1050:] (in Bengali). Indic Publication (published 2015).
550:
announced plans to expand this support to cover 12,629
942:"Dissecting The Nomadic Lifestyle Of 'Bede' Community"
483:, but do not sell the snakes themselves. They worship
722:Maksud, A. K. M.; Imtiaj, R. (3â5 December 2006).
670:Maksud, A. K. M.; Imtiaj, R. (3â5 December 2006).
383:Bede man showcasing a snake charming performance.
1545:
1503:This article about an ethnic group in Asia is a
1072:"āĻĸāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻāĻĄā§āĻ° āĻāĻ¤āĻŋāĻšāĻžāĻ¸ā§ āĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻĒāĻ° 'āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ° āĻŽā§āĻ¯āĻŧā§ āĻā§ā§āĻ¸āĻ¨āĻž'"
834:"Mandra, Bede voters hope for a better tomorrow"
665:
663:
299:. Nowadays, the Bedes gather annually between
1528:
1259:
1041:
715:
721:
669:
660:
258:in their blood, which is also prevalent in
1535:
1521:
1266:
1252:
880:"āĻŦā§āĻĻā§ āĻāĻ¨āĻā§āĻˇā§āĻ ā§āĻ° āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻž-āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻāĻ¯āĻŧ"
605:On July 29, 2022, the mystery-drama film
511:A Bede family living in a polythene tent.
629:Best International Feature Film category
506:
378:
333:
278:
651:
14:
1546:
1201:
877:
858:
706:
652:Shejuty, Nosin Nahian (11 July 2018).
594:in 2023. In a survey conducted by the
498:
265:
1247:
939:
935:
933:
931:
905:
903:
803:
558:
1491:
773:
771:
769:
767:
765:
763:
761:
759:
757:
755:
615:premiered in 73 theaters across the
459:and depict the ferocity of Rama and
967:"Bede families get permanent homes"
24:
1042:Bandyopadhyay, Tarasankar (1952).
928:
900:
25:
1590:
1225:
878:Biswas, Ranjana (30 April 2022).
865:Christianity at Rarh and Samatata
804:Aklam, Munzir (12 October 2018).
752:
27:Ethnic group of Indo-Aryan origin
1495:
1231:
940:Islam, Sariful (29 March 2018).
915:āĻĻā§āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ āĻāĻ¨āĻāĻŖā§āĻ || Daily Janakantha
859:Mondal, Fr. Rana Joseph (2011).
806:"āĻ
āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻ¸āĻāĻāĻā§ āĻŦā§āĻĻā§ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĻāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ"
777:
711:. New Delhi: Cosmo Publications.
1166:
1140:
1114:
1092:
1064:
1035:
1009:
984:
959:
911:"āĻŦā§āĻĻā§-āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻž"
709:Tribal History of Eastern India
97:Indigenous people of Bangladesh
1273:
871:
852:
826:
797:
700:
645:
13:
1:
1195:
1174:"'Hawa' to compete at Oscars"
638:
374:
1507:. You can help Knowledge by
1296:Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians
1080:(in Bengali). 4 January 2018
319:Bede men traditionally wear
270:
154:
7:
1574:Ethnic groups in South Asia
1554:Ethnic groups in Bangladesh
463:as well as the exploits of
358:
342:
314:
235:
214:
175:. Later, they converted to
10:
1595:
1490:
1373:Rom / Rrom / Roma / Romani
1100:"Top 10 Bangladeshi Films"
523:
166:
1454:
1388:
1283:
627:for consideration in the
564:Tarasankar Bandopadhyay's
91:
86:
70:
65:
57:
52:
45:
40:
1579:Asian ethnic group stubs
179:. Initially settling in
139:nomadic ethnic group of
1202:Brandt, Carmen (2018).
861:āĻ°āĻžāĻĸāĻŧ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¤āĻā§ āĻā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ āĻ§āĻ°ā§āĻŽ
707:Dalton, Edward (1978).
548:Abul Hassan Mahmood Ali
307:15th in Munshiganj and
1104:British Film Institute
633:Academy Awards (Oscar)
596:British Film Institute
568:'Nagini Kanyar Kahini'
534:Bangladesh Government.
512:
384:
339:
287:
1178:The Financial Express
1152:The Business Standard
1110:on 10 September 2011.
1021:The Business Standard
780:"Bedey - Banglapedia"
778:Khan, Jainal Abedin.
510:
471:, Munshiganj, Dhaka,
382:
338:A group of Bede Women
337:
283:A Bede settlement in
282:
87:Related ethnic groups
1564:Romani in Bangladesh
1477:Seb Seliyer language
1240:at Wikimedia Commons
1048:Nagini Kanyar Kahini
1044:āĻ¨āĻžāĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§ āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ¨ā§
260:Indian Subcontinents
203:of Bishnupur in the
740:on 18 November 2017
688:on 18 November 2017
539:Jhenaidah district.
499:Contemporary issues
266:Society and Culture
37:
1569:Indo-Aryan peoples
1154:. 7 September 2022
971:businesspostbd.com
840:. 30 December 2008
784:en.banglapedia.org
656:. BRAC University.
559:In Popular Culture
513:
403:, Charar Ghope in
385:
340:
288:
35:
1559:Dom in Bangladesh
1516:
1515:
1485:
1484:
1467:Lomavren language
1236:Media related to
1217:978-3-643-90670-0
532:initiated by the
256:Agglutinogens 'A'
118:
117:
46:Arounnd 17,00,000
16:(Redirected from
1586:
1537:
1530:
1523:
1499:
1492:
1472:Romani languages
1277:
1268:
1261:
1254:
1245:
1244:
1235:
1221:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1184:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1144:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1106:. Archived from
1096:
1090:
1089:
1087:
1085:
1068:
1062:
1061:
1039:
1033:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1013:
1007:
1006:
1004:
1002:
988:
982:
981:
979:
977:
963:
957:
956:
954:
952:
937:
926:
925:
923:
921:
907:
898:
897:
895:
893:
875:
869:
868:
856:
850:
849:
847:
845:
830:
824:
823:
821:
819:
801:
795:
794:
792:
790:
775:
750:
749:
747:
745:
739:
733:. Archived from
728:
719:
713:
712:
704:
698:
697:
695:
693:
687:
681:. Archived from
676:
667:
658:
657:
649:
600:Beder Meye Josna
585:Beder Meye Josna
545:Finance Minister
530:Ashrayan Project
230:Bengali language
207:of West Bengal.
205:Bankura district
197:Hooghly district
145:European gypsies
131:, also known as
41:Total population
38:
34:
21:
1594:
1593:
1589:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1584:
1583:
1544:
1543:
1542:
1541:
1488:
1486:
1481:
1462:Domari language
1450:
1384:
1279:
1275:
1272:
1228:
1218:
1198:
1193:
1192:
1182:
1180:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1157:
1155:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1131:
1129:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1098:
1097:
1093:
1083:
1081:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1058:
1040:
1036:
1026:
1024:
1015:
1014:
1010:
1000:
998:
990:
989:
985:
975:
973:
965:
964:
960:
950:
948:
938:
929:
919:
917:
909:
908:
901:
891:
889:
876:
872:
857:
853:
843:
841:
832:
831:
827:
817:
815:
802:
798:
788:
786:
776:
753:
743:
741:
737:
726:
720:
716:
705:
701:
691:
689:
685:
674:
668:
661:
650:
646:
641:
561:
526:
501:
475:, Comilla, and
377:
361:
345:
317:
273:
268:
238:
217:
169:
157:
33:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1592:
1582:
1581:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1540:
1539:
1532:
1525:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1500:
1483:
1482:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1458:
1456:
1452:
1451:
1449:
1448:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1392:
1390:
1386:
1385:
1383:
1382:
1381:
1380:
1370:
1365:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1324:
1323:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1280:
1271:
1270:
1263:
1256:
1248:
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32:Ethnic group
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18:Manta people
1284:Dom peoples
1238:Bede people
481:snake shows
449:Lalmonirhat
405:Narayanganj
201:Malla Kings
185:West Bengal
149:microcredit
113:Indo-Aryans
1548:Categories
1353:Narikurava
1276:Dom people
1208:LIT Verlag
1206:. ZÃŧrich:
1196:Literature
996:unb.com.bd
639:References
619:and 13 in
401:Munshiganj
375:Occupation
309:Chattogram
297:Munshiganj
285:Munshiganj
252:Australoid
141:Bangladesh
137:Indo-Aryan
111:and other
1368:Patharkat
1183:25 August
1158:25 August
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946:Daily Sun
920:25 August
892:25 August
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591:Priyotoma
582:The film
489:Sunamganj
469:Madaripur
445:Manikganj
413:Netrokona
407:, and in
305:Ograhayan
271:Community
243:Mongoloid
181:Bikrampur
155:Etymology
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53:Languages
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1406:Gandhila
1328:Kalbelia
1316:Ghorbati
1077:Jugantor
811:Jugantor
744:11 March
692:11 March
477:Noakhali
473:Rajshahi
457:Lakshman
421:Pirojpur
393:heathers
371:people.
359:Religion
343:Marriage
315:Clothing
303:5th and
236:Genetics
215:Language
135:, is an
133:Mon-tong
93:Bengalis
77:Hinduism
66:Religion
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1333:Kawliya
631:at the
576:serpent
524:Welfare
465:Hanuman
441:Saturia
417:Barisal
409:Comilla
248:Negroid
226:Prakrit
167:History
81:Animism
60:Bengali
1445:Muslim
1441:Sapera
1426:Madari
1389:Castes
1348:Mirasi
1291:Abdals
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621:Canada
574:(Half-
572:Nagini
566:novel
493:Sylhet
485:Manasa
461:Ravana
431:, and
353:purdah
325:fatuya
321:lungis
301:Kartik
173:Arakan
161:Baidya
125:Bedeni
73:Muslim
58:Thar,
1436:Perna
1401:Domba
1396:Abdal
1378:Sinti
1358:Nawar
1321:Lyuli
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437:Dhaka
433:Badda
429:Demra
425:Tongi
189:Assam
177:Islam
129:Bedey
127:) or
105:Bunos
1505:stub
1411:Heri
1343:Lori
1306:Deha
1301:Bede
1212:ISBN
1185:2024
1160:2024
1134:2024
1086:2024
1052:ISBN
1029:2024
1003:2024
978:2024
953:2024
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894:2024
846:2024
820:2024
791:2024
746:2011
694:2011
625:Hawa
613:Hawa
608:Hawa
455:and
453:Rama
369:Buno
367:and
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187:and
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101:Doms
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