267:
211:
342:
278:
255:
506:
300:
In contrast with their handwritten use, early printed manicules appeared in the main text, pointing outward toward corresponding printed margin notes. Later, beginning in the sixteenth century, the manicule came to be used as a decorative element on the title pages of books, alongside other so-called
332:
Its popularity declined toward the end of the nineteenth century, perhaps due to its oversaturation in advertising. By the 1890s, it was rarely used unless for ironic effect. Sherman (2005) argues that as the symbols became standardized, they were no longer reflective of individuality in comparison
234:
in Spain, and became common in the 14th and 15th centuries in Italy with some very elaborate with shading and artful cuffs. Some were playful and elaborate, but others were as simple as "two squiggly strokes suggesting the barest sketch of a pointing hand" and thus quick to draw.
434:, often credited with having first coined the aphorism, "When you point one finger, there are three fingers pointing back to you," is also reported to have used this symbol to convey this sentiment in shorthand, seen first in his telegrams as early as the 1920s.
316:
The manicule attained a great degree of popularity in the nineteenth century, particularly in advertisements. At this time, they also became more visually diverse, with larger and more complex fists being created. They were also widely used in signage, with some
361:". It is used this way both by annotators and printers. Even in the first few centuries of use, it can be seen used to draw attention to specific text, such as a title (in some cases in the form of a row of manicules), inserted text, noteworthy passage, or
1401:
he printed with
Johannes Schabeler. As with other typographic conventions this was taken from scribal practice, carefully drawn hands pointing to a new paragraph being found in early 12th century (Spanish) manuscripts. It is also known as a fist, hand, or
110:, it later came to be used in printed works to draw the reader's attention to important text. Though once widespread, it is rarely used today, except as an occasional archaic novelty or on informal directional signs.
218:
The symbol originates in scribal tradition of the medieval and
Renaissance period, appearing in the margin of manuscripts to mark corrections or notes. The earliest book known to include manicules is the 1086
486:
2.0 allows the "cursor" property to be set to "hand" or "pointer" to intentionally change the mouse cursor to this symbol when hovering over an object; "move" may produce a closed fisted hand. Many
1395:
This type ornament has a long history, the printed outline of a hand being used as a paragraph mark by, among other early printers, Huss at Lyons in 1484 in the edition of Paulus
Florentinus's
118:
For most of its history, the mark has been inconsistently referred to by a variety of names. William H. Sherman, in the first dedicated study of the mark, uses the term
285:
Early printers using a type representing the manicule included
Mathias Huss and Johannes Schabeler in Lyons in their 1484 edition of Paulus Florentinus's
2673:
392:. It occasionally sees use in magazines and comic books to indicate to the reader that a story on the right-hand page continues onto the next.
1527:
291:. Writer John Boardley identifies the first appearance of a manicule in a printed book as an earlier 1479 edition of the same work,
424:
1988:
628:
357:-like symbol to direct the reader's attention to important text, having roughly the same meaning as the word "attention" or "
523:
40:
1447:
Roman numerals, typographic leaves and pointing hands : some notes on their origin, history, and contemporary use
1431:
1320:
2404:
1520:
692:
Unicode 7.0 (2014) added several more indices to the
Miscellaneous Symbols and Pictographs block, sourced from the
1216:
2749:
399:(1894) treats it as the seventh in the standard sequence of footnote markers, following the paragraph sign (
2696:
884:
322:
1471:(Technical report). Rutgers University Center for Cognitive Science and Computer Science Department. 2002.
2419:
1513:
1370:
459:
266:
410:
tableaux to identify the optimal output in a candidate of generated possibilities from a given input.
1505:
1485:
321:
having relief-printed or even fully three-dimensional physical manifestations of pointing hands. The
463:
519:
373:
were used for similar purposes. Less commonly, in earlier centuries the pointing hand acted as a
36:
30:
1463:
395:
In modern printing, it was used as a standard typographical symbol marking notes. The
American
944:
423:. The literary effect of this was to create separation between each paragraph, reinforcing the
419:
1478:
1310:
943:, including one of those in Unicode 1.0 and all four introduced in Unicode 6.0. All five have
2744:
2691:
1805:
535:
227:. The age of the annotations is not known, and they may date to later than the 11th century.
948:
2718:
2701:
2587:
2162:
505:
442:
366:
306:
242:
starting in the 1450s, the handwritten version continued in handwritten form as a means to
1356:
8:
2708:
2434:
2332:
2222:
2177:
1745:
1590:
1560:
354:
1424:
Shady
Characters: The Secret Life of Punctuation, Symbols, and Other Typographical Marks
210:
2723:
2713:
259:
417:
used the symbol as a form of margin on the first line of every paragraph in his novel
341:
2060:
2003:
1427:
1316:
1078:
407:
346:
126:, meaning "little hand"), but also identifies 14 further names which have been used:
2449:
2370:
2294:
1954:
474:) to indicate an object that can be manipulated. The first is believed to be the
246:
printed documents, eventually falling out of popularity by the nineteenth century.
1445:
2680:
2622:
2237:
385:
374:
478:. Many web browsers use an upward pointing hand cursor to indicate a clickable
2484:
1662:
1441:
491:
437:
326:
239:
2738:
2572:
2192:
2120:
1939:
1916:
467:
447:
414:
224:
223:, where they are used for marginal annotations alongside other marks such as
220:
107:
277:
2657:
2317:
2075:
1874:
1410:
431:
99:
2389:
2135:
1500:
2105:
2041:
2026:
1969:
1537:
693:
513:
2545:
2347:
2275:
1639:
1541:
487:
475:
362:
318:
231:
230:
Manicules are first known to appear in the 12th century in handwritten
95:
1535:
534:(version 1.0, 1991) introduced six "pointing index" characters in the
381:
as paragraph divider; or more rarely as the paragraph divider itself.
2685:
2503:
2090:
1760:
1700:
1677:
1605:
479:
471:
370:
358:
271:
254:
1416:
The standard sequence of reference marks was *, โ , โก, ยง, โ, ยถ, and โ
1342:
1790:
1775:
243:
103:
333:
to other writing, and this explains their diminished popularity.
2641:
2530:
1715:
531:
400:
378:
302:
189:
64:
17:
325:
has also used a pointing hand as a graphical indicator for its "
297:, printed in Milan by Leonhard Pachel and Ulrich Scinzenzeller.
1851:
1620:
1465:
Optimality Theory: Constraint
Interaction in Generative Grammar
1457:
Optimality Theory: Constraint
Interaction in Generative Grammar
1072:
1067:
2252:
2207:
1730:
1575:
1290:
1098:
Sherman mentions finding "15 other names", but lists only 14.
940:
883:
Unicode 13.0 (2020) added a three-part index (๐ฏ๐ฏ๐ฏ) in the
281:
Signpost with pointing hand in a caricature published in 1773
1897:
450:, rather than an index finger, pointing at a line of text.
1174:
1172:
1157:
483:
1266:
1254:
1244:
1242:
627:
Unicode 6.0 (2010) included four more pointing hands in
1227:
1169:
1145:
1239:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1115:
1196:
1184:
258:Pointing hands used in the signage outside the bar
1278:
1133:
1112:
490:made in the 1980s and '90s, primarily text-based
2736:
1501:Collection of photographs of manicules on Flickr
1454:
1296:
262:in Boston, part of a Victorian decorative theme
1389:Glaister, Geoffrey Ashall (2001). "digit 2.".
179:The last three Sherman labels erroneous, with
1521:
458:An upward pointing hand is often used in the
353:The typical use of the pointing hand is as a
440:parodies this punctuation mark in his novel
98:mark with the appearance of a hand with its
1408:Hasler, Charles (1953). "A Show of Hands".
1396:
292:
286:
158:
1528:
1514:
193:properly referring to the paragraph mark,
1440:
1349:
1233:
1163:
384:Some encyclopedias use it in articles to
106:gesture. Originally used for handwritten
2674:Version of this table as a sortable list
1484:. Centre for Editing Lives and Letters,
1388:
1214:
1178:
526: instead of the intended characters.
340:
276:
265:
253:
209:
205:
1476:
1421:
1308:
1272:
1260:
1248:
1208:
1202:
1190:
1151:
1139:
1127:
915:MIDDLE THIRD WHITE RIGHT POINTING INDEX
524:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
41:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
2737:
1455:Prince, Alan; Smolensky, Paul (2004).
1407:
1284:
929:RIGHT THIRD WHITE RIGHT POINTING INDEX
430:American essayist and cultural critic
406:In linguistics, the symbol is used in
187:being mishearings or conflations, and
1509:
1335:
939:Five Unicode manicule characters are
901:LEFT THIRD WHITE RIGHT POINTING INDEX
629:Miscellaneous Symbols and Pictographs
397:Dictionary of Printing and Bookmaking
2526: ⟨ ⟩
1371:"UTS #51 Emoji Variation Sequences"
794:BLACK RIGHT POINTING BACKHAND INDEX
766:SIDEWAYS BLACK RIGHT POINTING INDEX
738:SIDEWAYS WHITE RIGHT POINTING INDEX
710:WHITE DOWN POINTING LEFT HAND INDEX
687:WHITE RIGHT POINTING BACKHAND INDEX
214:Manicule from the fifteenth century
13:
1479:"Toward a History of the Manicule"
1215:Boardley, John (27 January 2020).
878:BLACK DOWN POINTING BACKHAND INDEX
850:SIDEWAYS BLACK DOWN POINTING INDEX
822:SIDEWAYS WHITE DOWN POINTING INDEX
780:BLACK LEFT POINTING BACKHAND INDEX
752:SIDEWAYS BLACK LEFT POINTING INDEX
724:SIDEWAYS WHITE LEFT POINTING INDEX
673:WHITE LEFT POINTING BACKHAND INDEX
659:WHITE DOWN POINTING BACKHAND INDEX
453:
23:Symbol depicting a pointing finger
14:
2761:
1494:
1359:. Unicode Consortium. 2023-02-01.
1345:. Unicode Consortium. 2023-09-05.
336:
864:BLACK UP POINTING BACKHAND INDEX
836:SIDEWAYS BLACK UP POINTING INDEX
808:SIDEWAYS WHITE UP POINTING INDEX
645:WHITE UP POINTING BACKHAND INDEX
504:
413:American science fiction writer
238:After the popularization of the
1398:Breviarum totius juris canonici
1363:
1302:
294:Breviarum totius juris canonici
288:Breviarum totius juris canonici
1426:. W. W. Norton & Company.
1092:
113:
1:
1393:(2nd ed.). p. 141.
1357:"UCD: Emoji Data for UTR #51"
1297:Prince & Smolensky (2004)
1105:
885:Symbols for Legacy Computing
323:United States Postal Service
7:
1081: โ Egyptian hieroglyph
1061:
949:text and emoji presentation
514:Unicode emoticons or emojis
494:, also used these cursors.
349:using index-fist character.
249:
10:
2766:
1989:inverted ! and ?
1381:
955:Emoji variation sequences
608:WHITE RIGHT POINTING INDEX
566:BLACK RIGHT POINTING INDEX
497:
200:
15:
2669:
2557:
2461:
2405:sound recording copyright
2359:
2264:
2147:
2015:
1928:
1863:
1689:
1549:
1486:University College London
1477:Sherman, William (2005).
1373:. The Unicode Consortium.
1000:base code point
980:default presentation
622:WHITE DOWN POINTING INDEX
580:WHITE LEFT POINTING INDEX
552:BLACK LEFT POINTING INDEX
464:graphical user interfaces
79:BLACK LEFT POINTING INDEX
62:
55:
50:
1391:Encyclopedia of the Book
1343:"UTR #51: Unicode Emoji"
1309:Pynchon, Thomas (2012).
1085:
934:
16:Not to be confused with
1422:Houston, Keith (2013).
1075:(historic text pointer)
594:WHITE UP POINTING INDEX
425:stream of consciousness
270:Two manicules drawn by
2522: { }
2514: ( )
2499: ยซ ยป
2495: โน โบ
2480: " "
2476: ' '
2472: โ โ
2468: โ โ
1397:
512:This section contains
420:Breakfast of Champions
350:
345:1865 wanted poster of
293:
287:
282:
274:
263:
215:
159:
29:This article contains
2750:Typographical symbols
945:standardized variants
536:Miscellaneous Symbols
344:
280:
269:
257:
213:
206:Handwritten manicules
122:(from the Latin root
2719:Japanese punctuation
2420:registered trademark
2305: |
2163:plus and minus signs
1556:
1217:"Point, don't point"
2709:Chinese punctuation
2435:service mark symbol
2178:multiplication sign
1696: &
956:
427:style of the text.
2724:Korean punctuation
2714:Hebrew punctuation
954:
466:(such as those in
365:. In some cases,
351:
283:
275:
264:
216:
31:special characters
2732:
2731:
2061:ordinal indicator
2004:irony punctuation
1414:(O. S. 8): 4โ11.
1312:Gravity's Rainbow
1275:, pp. 14โ18.
1263:, pp. 20โ21.
1221:I Love Typography
1166:, pp. 47โ48.
1079:Hand (hieroglyph)
1059:
1058:
1040:base+VS16 (emoji)
520:rendering support
443:Gravity's Rainbow
408:optimality theory
347:John Wilkes Booth
84:
83:
37:rendering support
2757:
2681:Currency symbols
2661:
2660:
2654:
2646:
2645:
2644:(paragraph mark)
2638:
2634:
2626:
2625:
2619:
2615:
2607:
2606:
2600:
2592:
2591:
2584:
2576:
2575:
2569:
2565:
2549:
2548:
2542:
2534:
2533:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2507:
2506:
2500:
2496:
2488:
2487:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2453:
2452:
2450:trademark symbol
2446:
2438:
2437:
2431:
2423:
2422:
2416:
2408:
2407:
2401:
2393:
2392:
2386:
2384:
2374:
2373:
2371:copyright symbol
2367:
2351:
2350:
2344:
2336:
2335:
2329:
2321:
2320:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2298:
2297:
2291:
2289:
2279:
2278:
2272:
2256:
2255:
2249:
2241:
2240:
2234:
2226:
2225:
2219:
2211:
2210:
2204:
2196:
2195:
2189:
2181:
2180:
2174:
2166:
2165:
2159:
2155:
2139:
2138:
2132:
2124:
2123:
2117:
2109:
2108:
2102:
2094:
2093:
2087:
2079:
2078:
2072:
2064:
2063:
2057:
2053:
2045:
2044:
2038:
2030:
2029:
2023:
2007:
2006:
2000:
1992:
1991:
1985:
1981:
1973:
1972:
1966:
1958:
1957:
1955:exclamation mark
1951:
1943:
1942:
1936:
1920:
1919:
1913:
1909:
1901:
1900:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1878:
1877:
1871:
1855:
1854:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1840:
1836:
1833:
1829:
1826:
1822:
1819:
1809:
1808:
1802:
1794:
1793:
1787:
1779:
1778:
1772:
1764:
1763:
1757:
1749:
1748:
1742:
1734:
1733:
1727:
1719:
1718:
1712:
1704:
1703:
1697:
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1674:
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1655:
1651:
1643:
1642:
1636:
1632:
1624:
1623:
1617:
1609:
1608:
1602:
1594:
1593:
1587:
1579:
1578:
1572:
1564:
1563:
1557:
1530:
1523:
1516:
1507:
1506:
1489:
1483:
1472:
1470:
1460:
1451:
1437:
1418:
1404:
1400:
1375:
1374:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1353:
1347:
1346:
1339:
1333:
1332:
1330:
1329:
1306:
1300:
1294:
1288:
1282:
1276:
1270:
1264:
1258:
1252:
1246:
1237:
1234:McPharlin (1942)
1231:
1225:
1224:
1212:
1206:
1200:
1194:
1188:
1182:
1176:
1167:
1164:McPharlin (1942)
1161:
1155:
1154:, pp. 9โ10.
1149:
1143:
1137:
1131:
1125:
1099:
1096:
1020:base+VS15 (text)
957:
953:
930:
927:
924:
922:
916:
913:
910:
908:
902:
899:
896:
894:
879:
876:
873:
871:
865:
862:
859:
857:
851:
848:
845:
843:
837:
834:
831:
829:
823:
820:
817:
815:
809:
806:
803:
801:
795:
792:
789:
787:
781:
778:
775:
773:
767:
764:
761:
759:
753:
750:
747:
745:
739:
736:
733:
731:
725:
722:
719:
717:
711:
708:
705:
703:
688:
685:
682:
680:
674:
671:
668:
666:
660:
657:
654:
652:
646:
643:
640:
638:
623:
620:
617:
615:
609:
606:
603:
601:
595:
592:
589:
587:
581:
578:
575:
573:
567:
564:
561:
559:
553:
550:
547:
545:
508:
391:
390:โ other articles
327:Return to Sender
312:
296:
290:
196:
162:
93:
80:
77:
74:
72:
48:
47:
2765:
2764:
2760:
2759:
2758:
2756:
2755:
2754:
2735:
2734:
2733:
2728:
2665:
2656:
2653: ยง
2652:
2650:
2640:
2637: โธฟ
2636:
2633: ยถ
2632:
2630:
2621:
2618: โ
2617:
2614: โ
2613:
2611:
2602:
2599: โ
2598:
2596:
2590:(hedera, aldus)
2586:
2583: โง
2582:
2580:
2571:
2568: โก
2567:
2564: โ
2563:
2561:
2553:
2544:
2541: โ
2540:
2538:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2511:
2502:
2498:
2494:
2492:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2465:
2457:
2448:
2444:
2442:
2433:
2429:
2427:
2418:
2415: ยฎ
2414:
2412:
2403:
2400: โ
2399:
2397:
2388:
2382:
2380:
2378:
2369:
2366: ยฉ
2365:
2363:
2355:
2346:
2343: ยท
2342:
2340:
2331:
2328: โข
2327:
2325:
2316:
2313: โ
2312:
2309: ยฆ
2308:
2304:
2302:
2293:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2274:
2271: _
2270:
2268:
2260:
2251:
2248: ^
2247:
2245:
2238:minus-plus sign
2236:
2233: โ
2232:
2230:
2223:plusโminus sign
2221:
2218: ยฑ
2217:
2215:
2206:
2203: ~
2202:
2200:
2191:
2188: รท
2187:
2185:
2176:
2173: ร
2172:
2170:
2161:
2158: โ
2157:
2154: +
2153:
2151:
2143:
2134:
2131: โ
2130:
2128:
2119:
2116: ยฐ
2115:
2113:
2104:
2101: โฑ
2100:
2098:
2089:
2086: โฐ
2085:
2083:
2074:
2071: %
2070:
2068:
2059:
2056: ยช
2055:
2052: ยบ
2051:
2049:
2040:
2037: โ
2036:
2034:
2025:
2022: #
2021:
2019:
2011:
2002:
1999: โธฎ
1998:
1996:
1987:
1984: ยฟ
1983:
1980: ยก
1979:
1977:
1968:
1965: โฝ
1964:
1962:
1953:
1950: !
1949:
1947:
1938:
1935: ?
1934:
1932:
1924:
1915:
1912: โธ
1911:
1908: โน
1907:
1905:
1896:
1893: โ
1892:
1889: โ
1888:
1885: โ
1884:
1882:
1873:
1870: -
1869:
1867:
1859:
1850:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1834:
1831:
1827:
1824:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1804:
1801: โ
1800:
1798:
1789:
1786: *
1785:
1783:
1774:
1771: โฆ
1770:
1768:
1759:
1756: \
1755:
1753:
1744:
1741: /
1740:
1738:
1729:
1726: ^
1725:
1723:
1714:
1711: @
1710:
1708:
1699:
1695:
1693:
1685:
1676:
1673: .
1672:
1670:
1661:
1658: โด
1657:
1654: โณ
1653:
1650: โฒ
1649:
1647:
1638:
1635: '
1634:
1631: โ
1630:
1628:
1619:
1616: โ
1615:
1613:
1604:
1601: ;
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2042:numero sign
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1970:interrobang
1538:punctuation
1315:. Penguin.
1055:๐️
1035:๐︎
694:Wingdings 2
488:video games
319:fingerposts
232:manuscripts
149:mutton fist
114:Terminology
96:typographic
2739:Categories
2702:Whitespace
2686:Diacritics
2546:ditto mark
2348:interpunct
2276:underscore
1640:apostrophe
1540:and other
1328:2012-12-18
1106:References
1052:๐️
1049:๐️
1046:๐️
1032:๐︎
1029:๐︎
1026:๐︎
476:Xerox Star
363:sententiae
2688:(accents)
2504:guillemet
2091:per mille
1761:backslash
1701:ampersand
1678:full stop
1606:semicolon
1043:โ️
1023:โ︎
926:🯃
912:🯂
898:🯁
875:🖣
861:🖢
847:🖡
833:🖠
819:🖟
805:🖞
791:🖝
777:🖜
763:🖛
749:🖚
735:🖙
721:🖘
707:🖗
684:👉
670:👈
656:👇
642:👆
480:hyperlink
472:Photoshop
371:asterisks
329:" stamp.
272:Eric Gill
165:indicator
2604:manicule
2390:copyleft
1806:asterism
1791:asterisk
1776:ellipsis
1444:(1942).
1062:See also
619:☟
605:☞
591:☝
577:☜
563:☛
549:☚
388:, as in
303:dingbats
250:In print
244:annotate
181:indicule
168:indicule
124:manicula
120:manicule
104:pointing
88:manicule
76:☚
63:In
57:Manicule
2642:pilcrow
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2588:fleuron
2531:bracket
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1544:symbols
1536:Common
1382:Sources
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887:block:
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637:U+1F446
538:block:
532:Unicode
498:Unicode
401:pilcrow
379:pilcrow
377:with a
307:fleuron
225:daggers
201:History
190:pilcrow
185:maniple
174:pilcrow
171:maniple
140:pointer
94:, is a
65:Unicode
18:manacle
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546:
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355:bullet
260:Cheers
73:
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2253:caret
2208:tilde
1746:slash
1731:caret
1663:prime
1591:colon
1576:comma
1561:space
1482:(PDF)
1469:(PDF)
1086:Notes
992:emoji
989:emoji
986:emoji
972:1F448
969:1F447
966:1F446
941:emoji
935:Emoji
155:index
143:digit
51:โ โ โ
1898:dash
1428:ISBN
1317:ISBN
983:text
963:261D
947:for
470:and
369:and
359:note
183:and
146:fist
131:hand
86:The
2295:tie
1015:๐
484:CSS
462:in
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2741::
1241:^
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1171:^
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1012:๐
1009:๐
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1003:โ
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311:โฆ
309:(
301:"
195:ยถ
92:โ
43:.
33:.
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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