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Senegalese state during the years of decolonization and remained one of the main figures in the construction of modern
Senegal. He even acquired the role of national treasure, as he continued to write diatribes in the local press well into his 90s regularly. He was noted especially for his attacks on the neo-liberal economic policies of the current president, Abdoulaye Wade, who had been one of the lawyers who defended Dia in 1963. When he died aged 98 in Dakar on 25 January 2009, there was a massive outpouring of sentiment in national newspapers due to admiration for his obdurate attachment to his principles.
434:
and development with a spirit of tolerance and pluralism to define their project. The two figures were both fundamentally convinced of both the necessity of a secular state and that religious fervor is an essential cultural energy for achieving modernization. As such, they charged themselves and their public, the nation’s institutions, the party, and especially those involved in political discourse altogether with the mission of realizing the ideal of a nation uplifted by the spirit, committed to secularism and thus, ultimately, prosperous.
445:“Islam must remind the Muslim world that if it is required to act, it is so that one may fulfill oneself, that one may achieve even richer being. For industrial development to be a boon and not the ruin of mankind, it is crucial that it retain a human dimension, that it not give rise to a new kind of slavery under the pretense of promoting productivity or efficacy, that it not create progress that is in reality perversion, desire of well-being and not of better-being ”
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assembly building before the parliament could vote on the motion. Senghor declared that Dia attempted a coup and mobilized the army, whom allied themselves with
Senghor overall. Dia and several of his ministers were arrested and tried for treason. Eventually, he was forced to resign and received a sentence of life imprisonment subsequently. Initially sentenced to imprisonment in the eastern town of
22:
433:
When LĂ©opold
Senghor (Catholic) and Mamadou Dia (Muslim) led Senegal to independence, they had very clear ideas of what ideological and philosophical values would form the basis of the new State. African socialism, spirituality, and secularism were the concepts to guide the country towards modernity
392:
After slightly more than two years of participation in the legislature, Mamadou Dia was accused of plotting a coup against
President Senghor. However, the accusers did not produce definitive evidence of their claim. It was taken at the time as a classic example of the difficulties of power sharing
421:
introduced multiparty democracy, but the small, Dia-led People
Democratic Movement found little support. Thus, he never returned to a position of power; however, he remained an iconic figure in Senegalese politics, retaining an intellectual and moral influence on the country. He accompanied the
456:
Unfortunately for the two leaders, the reality differed from their hopes for the newly independent
Senegal when they undertook their work. Senghor and Dia had to renounce to their ideas somewhat and accept a compromise with the Marabouts to guarantee their political support, especially during
404:
As result of the grave power struggle between the two former political allies, a group of dissident parliamentarians whom
Senghor supported tabled a motion of no confidence against the government—thus against Dia. He responded by invoking his executive powers and ordering the army to lock the
293:) he stated his belief that he was born (according to some papers belonging to his father he had found) in July 1911, not 1910. A teacher altered official documents to allow him to pass the competition for the William Ponty school, as he would have been too young to compete otherwise.
452:
This interpretation of secularization put
Senegal out of the heir of France (where takes the form of a permanent hostility to any manifestation of religion) and more in Anglo-Saxon model of relation between church and State: aim to guarantee the autonomy of religious communities.
396:
The pair's different views concerning the economy contributed greatly to their split: there was a serious liberal and pro-French versus conservative and patriotic policy divide. In fact, Dia began to implement some of the ideas he had articulated in his book
352:(1 st April) and abstained on the draft electoral reform restoring the district election (15 November). He was also an active member of parliament, being a frequent speaker and devoting himself to the concerns of the overseas territories.
383:
country, valued having a widely connected and able Muslim as his deputy. However, Dia’s time as Prime
Minister was often controversial and his radical socialist views often clashed with those of the more moderate Senghor.
457:
elections (which thus became an integral part of
Senegalese political life). Eventually, the boundaries between religion and politics in the public sphere blurred more than they hoped would happen initially.
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from 1956 to 1958, sitting with the parliamentary group of Overseas Independent (IOM). With Senghor, Dia formed the African Convention Party (PCA) in January 1957 from the BDS. When French President
321:
proposed a referendum on the French community in 1958, Dia and Senghor held opposite views of the proposal: Dia favored breaking with France, whereas Senghor hoped to keep Senegal in the community.
91:
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A former pupil of the Blanchot elementary school in Saint-Louis, Dia began his more formal education in a Quranic school and transitioned into receiving a Western education at the
393:
in newly-formed states: Dia embodied the summit of the State in a two-headed parliamentary system (economic and internal policy for him, foreign policy for the President).
371:(later Mali) until its collapse. Once Senegalese independence became official on August 20, 1960, he became Prime Minister, in tandem with Senghor as President of the
659:
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401:(1960). In so doing, he caused concern among the Marabouts, powerful religious leaders who controlled the groundnut business and ran counter to French interests.
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It is the philosophy of a modern Islam actively participating in a process of transformation of itself and of the world in conformity with demands of justice.
1122:
898:
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the principal training ground of the elite in French Africa in the 1920s and 30s. Eventually, he pursued graduate studies in economics at the
269:
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de 1' 23, retraçant la tentative de coup d'État de Mamadou Dia, diffusé à l'origine par les Actualités françaises le 26 décembre 1962)
231:
from 1957 until 1962, when he was forced to resign and was subsequently imprisoned amidst allegations that he was planning to stage a
584:
Souleymane Bachir Diagne, Religion and the Public Sphere in Senegal: The Evolution of a Project of Modernity in Miguel Vatter, ed.,
891:
441:) are useful to understand the degree of faith he had in this spiritual socialism as a motivating force of development in Senegal.
1005:
328:(July 28, 1949), the Marie law favorable to private education (September 12), and the ratification of the Treaty establishing the
1107:
1097:
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de 7' 20, proposant un bilan après le coup d'État avorté de Mamadou Dia, diffusé à l'origine au cours du Journal télévisé de l'
822:
1077:
663:
653:
714:
581:
Pamela Cox and Richard Kessler. Après Senghor a Socialist Senegal? African Affairs. Volume 79, Number 316. pp. 327–342
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of Senegal, on 18 July 1910. His father, a veteran turned into a policeman, played a key role in transmitting the faith of
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His lost political power did not break his spirit. Dia attempted to restart his career in the early 1980s when
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Africa's management in the 1990s and beyond : reconciling indigenous and transplanted institutions
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Independence Day, 4 April 1962, official car with Prime Minister Mamadou Dia wearing sunglasses.
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227:(18 July 1910 – 25 January 2009) was a Senegalese politician who served as the first
8:
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278:. Before entering politics in the early 1940s (becoming motivated to so only after the
183:
409:, he was pardoned by President Senghor on March 27, 1974 and granted amnesty in 1976.
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Dia embarked on his political career in 1947 as a leader in the Grand Council of the
975:
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During his two terms as a senator, Mamadou Dia voted for the ratification of the
639:, Horizons Maghrébins - Le droit à la mémoire, Année 2005, pp. 40–53.
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The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of
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425:"Dia ne s’est jamais défait de son idéalisme pour devenir un homme d’État"
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Dia was one of the main figures (namely, the Vice Premier) of the abortive
279:
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Crediting God: Sovereignty and Religion in the Age of Global Capitalism
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332:(1st April 1952). On March 26, 1955, he opposed plans relating to the
1020:
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For example, Dia’s reflections on Islam (like those contained in his
282:
collapsed) , he worked as a journalist, teacher and school director.
1113:
Deputies of the 3rd National Assembly of the French Fourth Republic
533:
A governance approach to civil service reform in Sub-Saharan Africa
253:
90:
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Deputies of the 1st National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic
916:
911:
372:
349:
337:
179:
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Visages publics au Sénégal. 10 personnalités politiques parlent
527:
Mémoires d'un militant du Tiers monde : si mémoire ne ment
467:
Contribution à l'étude du mouvement coopératif en Afrique noire
790:"Mamadou Dia et les relations franco-sénégalaises (1957-1962)"
264:
to his son and was an important example of rectitude for Dia.
380:
201:
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Mamadou Dia et les relations franco-sénégalaises (1957-1962)
667:
341:
557:Échec de l'alternance au Sénégal et crise du monde libéral
387:
840:
page on the Republic of Senegal Interior Minister website
825:– Institute for Security Studies, South Africa (archived)
479:
L'économie africaine : études et problèmes nouveaux
728:"Political Integration in Africa: The Mali Federation"
591:
Kaye Whiteman, Mamadou Dia, the Guardian, 2 Feb 2009.
429:
Church and state relations during the Dia Premiership
588:, Fordham University Press, 2011, pp. 102 – 114
616:
Présidents et ministres de la République du Sénégal
348:It approved the draft law on state of emergency in
630:Mamadou Dia parle, histoire d’une archive inédite,
491:Islam, sociétés africaines et culture industrielle
1054:
628:(in French) Valérie Nivelon and Maxime Grember,
439:Islam, African Societies and Industrial Culture
650:« La crise éclair qu'a vécue Dakar »
892:
571:, Éditions Paix et développement, Dakar, 1995
563:Sénégal, radioscopie d'une alternance avortée
1123:Members of Parliament for French West Africa
473:RĂ©flexions sur l'Ă©conomie de l'Afrique noire
399:Réflexions sur l'Économie de l'Afrique Noire
794:Horizons Maghrébins - le droit à la mémoire
247:
899:
885:
485:Nations africaines et solidarité mondiale
252:Of rural origin, Mamadou Dia was born in
62:Learn how and when to remove this message
662:(en ligne, un document audiovisuel de l'
652:(en ligne, un document audiovisuel de l'
487:, Presses universitaires de France, 1960
481:, Presses universitaires de France, 1957
354:
836:on the French National Assembly website
660:« Le Sénégal après la crise »
521:Islam et civilisations négro-africaines
388:Departure from Senghor and imprisonment
313:from 1948 to 1956 and as deputy in the
119:18 May 1957 – 18 December 1962
1103:French senators of the Fourth Republic
1083:Senegalese Democratic Bloc politicians
1055:
787:
305:(AOF) and as Secretary General of the
880:
732:The Journal of Modern African Studies
725:
523:, Nouvelles Ă©ditions africaines, 1980
513:, Nouvelles Ă©ditions africaines, 1979
503:, Nouvelles Ă©ditions africaines, 1977
493:, Nouvelles Ă©ditions africaines, 1975
551:Afrique : le prix de la liberté
15:
296:
13:
309:(BDS) from 1948. He served in the
14:
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829:page on the French senate website
816:
601:, L'Harmattan, 1991, 260 p.
330:European Coal and Steel Community
915:
545:Kaso : le migrant perpétuel
89:
20:
773:"Ex-Premier of Senegal Freed".
614:Babacar Ndiaye et Waly Ndiaye,
575:
460:
336:, the end of the occupation in
1108:Senators of French West Africa
823:Senegal – History and Politics
781:
777:. 28 March 1974. p. I-21.
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511:Socio-anthropologie de l'Islam
287:“Africa, the Price of Freedom”
1:
1098:Interior ministers of Senegal
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623:Mamadou Dia, l’homme du refus
621:(in French) Laurent Correau,
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303:Afrique occidentale française
74:1st Prime Minister of Senegal
1078:People of French West Africa
242:
7:
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597:F. Diaye, M. Printz, Tine,
475:, Éditions africaines, 1954
10:
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1093:Prime ministers of Senegal
635:(in French) Maâti Monjib,
625:, RFI.fr, 26 janvier 2009.
469:, Présence africaine, 1951
307:Senegalese Democratic Bloc
213:Senegalese Democratic Bloc
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861:Prime Minister of Senegal
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229:Prime Minister of Senegal
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107:Prime Minister of Senegal
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632:RFI.fr, 25 janvier 2019.
569:Corbeille pour l'an 2000
315:French National Assembly
248:Early life and education
806:10.3406/horma.2005.2299
726:Kurtz, Donn M. (1970).
547:, Esprit frappeur, 1999
235:to overthrow President
788:Monjib, Maâti (2005).
715:Profile of Mamadou Dia
360:
1088:Senegalese socialists
358:
237:LĂ©opold SĂ©dar Senghor
128:LĂ©opold SĂ©dar Senghor
670:le 27 décembre 1962)
681:Politics of Senegal
559:, L'Harmattan, 2005
553:, L'Harmattan, 2001
373:Republic of Senegal
276:University of Paris
270:École William Ponty
1016:abolished, 2019–22
956:abolished, 1983–91
935:abolished, 1962–70
848:Political offices
686:History of Senegal
541:, World Bank, 1996
535:, World Bank, 1993
517:Essais sur l'Islam
507:Essais sur l'Islam
501:Islam et humanisme
497:Essais sur l'Islam
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184:French West Africa
1050:
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868:Succeeded by
775:Los Angeles Times
369:Sudanese Republic
340:, its entry into
319:Charles de Gaulle
289:(2001, edited by
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375:. Senghor, as a
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346:Saar Agreement.
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258:Thies Region
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197:(2009-01-25)
177:18 July 1910
147:Succeeded by
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30:
1068:2009 deaths
1063:1910 births
834:Mamadou Dia
644:Filmography
612:(in French)
595:(in French)
419:Abdou Diouf
291:L'Harmattan
225:Mamadou Dia
152:Abdou Diouf
135:Preceded by
95:Dia in 1962
83:Mamadou Dia
1057:Categories
865:1960–1962
702:References
565:(articles)
519:, vol. 3,
509:, vol. 2,
499:, vol. 1,
413:Later life
344:, and the
262:Sufi Islam
173:1910-07-18
44:footnoting
855:(–)
760:154671339
256:, in the
243:Biography
204:, Senegal
124:President
115:In office
1043:* acting
675:See also
407:KĂ©dougou
377:Catholic
254:Khombole
40:citation
991:Soumaré
912:Senegal
381:Islamic
350:Algeria
338:Germany
180:Kombolé
1011:Dionne
996:Ndiaye
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950:Niasse
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748:JSTOR
202:Dakar
1026:Kaba
986:Sall
981:Seck
976:Boye
966:Loum
668:ORTF
603:ISBN
342:NATO
192:Died
167:Born
140:None
105:1st
42:and
930:Dia
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802:doi
740:doi
664:INA
654:INA
334:WEU
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1021:Ba
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