435:
565:
556:
431:. His code introduced the concept that crime is an offense against the state rather than against the individual and thus narrowed the possibilities of personal vengeance. It increased the formal power of the king, making the throne the source of justice. The municipal law gave the cities increased freedom from rural control. A specific section fixed the law of succession to the throne, in accordance with the arrangements laid down by King HĂĄkon HĂĄkonsson in 1260.
372:
579:
In the spring of 1280, Magnus fell ill in Bergen. He planned to have his son Eric crowned at midsummer as co-ruler, but died on 9 May. Eric succeeded him at the age of 12. Real power fell to a circle of advisors, prominent among them Magnus' widow, Ingeborg. Magnus was remembered as a good ruler, who
462:
Although Magnus was by all accounts a personally very pious king, his work with the law-codes brought him into conflict with the archbishop, who resisted temporal authority over the church, and sought to preserve the church's influence over the kingdom. The Tønsberg
Concord
588:, considered Magnus a weak king for giving up the Hebrides and acquiescing to the demands of the Church. Mostly considered a rather wise king, sparing the kingdom of unnecessary and unfruitful wars, while preserving stability at home and finally bringing the
446:
The royal succession was an important and prickly matter, the last of the civil wars, fought for decades over disputed successions to the throne, having finally ended only in 1240. In 1273 Magnus gave his eldest son, five-year-old
475:, confirmed certain privileges of the clergy, the freedom of episcopal elections and similar matters. The church preserved considerable independence in judicial matters, but gave up its old claim that the Norwegian kingdom was a
294:, after she was practically abducted by King HĂĄkon's men from the monastery she was living in. The struggle to claim Ingeborg's inheritance from her murdered father later involved Norway in intermittent conflicts with
40:
363:
to try to bring about a settlement between the two brothers, but without success, Magnus of Sweden would not give in to pressure and the Magnus of Norway retreated without engaging in hostile actions.
707:
The
Norwegian Invasion of Scotland in 1263: A Translation from Det Norske Folks Historie, by P. A. Munch ; Communicated to the Archaeological Society of Glasgow by Hugh Tennent
250:) from 1263 to 1280 (junior king from 1257). One of his greatest achievements was the modernisation and nationalisation of the Norwegian law-code, after which he is known as
355:
was officially defined for the first time. When
Valdemar was deposed by his two brothers and fled to Norway in 1275, this stirred Magnus into gathering a
482:
In cultural terms Magnus continued his father's policy of introducing
European courtly culture to Norway. In 1277 he replaced the old Norse titles
413:. This replaced the different regional laws which had existed before. It was supplemented by a new municipal law (a law for the cities) in 1276,
1584:
487:
286:
died, leaving Magnus the heir-apparent to the kingdom. His father gave him the title of king the same year. On 11 September 1261, he married
959:
323:
Magnus' rule brought about a change from the somewhat aggressive foreign policy of his father. In 1266 he gave up the
Hebrides and the
1839:
1824:
1166:
423:. A unified code of laws for a whole country was at this time something quite new, which had until then only been introduced in
736:
287:
152:
720:
1577:
842:
979:
952:
676:
115:
1834:
1436:
383:
In internal politics, Magnus carried out a great effort to modernise the law-code, which gave him his epithet
1570:
401:
298:
for decades to come. Magnus and
Ingeborg were crowned directly after their marriage, and Magnus was given
945:
585:
531:
283:
968:
359:-fleet for the first and only time in his reign. With a large fleet, he met with the new Swedish King
1829:
1769:
1754:
1593:
1423:
17:
1088:
415:
1844:
1759:
1725:
1700:
1685:
1551:
1545:
1403:
1385:
1360:
1345:
1125:
523:
1764:
1749:
1730:
1715:
1710:
1695:
1690:
1675:
1539:
1390:
1375:
1370:
1355:
1350:
1307:
1849:
1793:
1774:
1720:
1705:
1680:
1665:
1655:
1380:
1365:
1340:
1297:
1285:
1052:
589:
820:. Vol. 88.4. Translated by G.W. Dasent. London: Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores.
434:
1670:
1645:
1302:
1275:
705:
472:
271:
231:
1819:
1814:
1187:
1160:
581:
348:
344:
502:), at the same time giving them certain extra privileges and the right to be addressed as
39:
8:
1135:
1130:
1105:
519:
515:
267:
221:
85:
45:
1784:
1640:
1320:
1241:
1177:
1115:
1110:
631:
623:
452:
428:
291:
781:
692:
Museoteket ved
Arkeologisk museum i Stavanger: Rogalandsfunn fra istid til middelalder
1650:
1620:
1466:
1280:
1221:
1193:
1145:
1064:
1034:
922:
911:
448:
177:
172:
95:
752:
360:
1461:
1210:
1182:
1058:
1028:
1022:
850:
766:
600:
510:). Magnus is probably also the first Norwegian king to have named himself using an
388:
139:
1199:
1630:
1231:
1155:
1120:
1100:
1095:
1076:
1046:
1040:
1017:
1007:
564:
555:
539:
530:, or biography. In 1278, he commissioned the same man to write his own saga. The
527:
328:
327:
to
Scotland, in return for a large sum of silver and a yearly payment, under the
211:
302:
for his personal upkeep. On 16 December 1263 King HĂĄkon died while fighting the
1082:
893:
511:
438:
Magnus giving his national law to a lawman, illumination from the 14th century
336:
279:
243:
54:
580:
ruled by law rather than by the sword. The nationalist-conservative historian
1808:
1660:
1291:
1012:
406:
255:
1456:
1255:
1140:
522:(IV)). Immediately after his father's death, he commissioned the Icelander
324:
275:
111:
1509:
1471:
596:
405:, a unified code of laws to apply for the whole country, including the
69:
1562:
818:
The Saga of Hakon and a
Fragment of the Saga of Magnus with Appendices
1635:
1610:
1236:
1216:
1204:
1172:
1150:
937:
902:
879:
468:
347:. Magnus also seems to have had good relations with the Swedish King
331:, by which the Scots at the same time recognised Norwegian rule over
1625:
1519:
1476:
1226:
483:
410:
332:
307:
303:
181:
1740:
584:, who headed the Institute of Medieval Texts, founded during the
420:
356:
299:
295:
278:
and was baptised in May 1238. He spent most of his upbringing in
206:
542:; unfortunately only a short fragment of it has been preserved.
1601:
1514:
1489:
971:
737:
721:
Full original text of the treaty, from Diplomatarium Norvegicum
599:
monastery in Bergen, which has since the 16th century been the
499:
424:
371:
352:
127:
75:
740:
724:
491:
459:, thus making it unequivocally clear who would be his heir.
1070:
476:
456:
254:. He was the first Norwegian monarch known to have used an
399:). In 1274 he promulgated the new national law, known as
419:, and a slightly modified version was also drawn up for
479:
under the ultimate authority of the Catholic Church.
573:
Seal of Magnus, obverse (left) and reverse (right).
514:- he called himself "Magnus IV" (he did not count
538:) thus became the last of the medieval Norwegian
1806:
815:
780:
258:, although originally counting himself as "IV".
343:cemented good relations with the English king
1578:
953:
451:, the title of king, and his younger brother
703:
467:) signed in 1277 between King Magnus and
1585:
1571:
960:
946:
824:
38:
1503:
829:. Universitetsforlaget. pp. 134–146.
310:, and Magnus became the ruler of Norway.
1450:
1417:
1334:
1269:
433:
370:
44:Contemporary bust of Magnus VI from the
1592:
1000:
678:Magnus 6 Håkonsson Lagabøte – utdypning
595:Magnus was buried in the church of the
14:
1807:
967:
545:
1566:
941:
672:
670:
788:. Universitetsforlaget. p. 332.
366:
351:, and in the 1260s, the border with
242:(1 or 3 May 1238 – 9 May 1280) was
24:
690:Lillehammer, Grete, et al. (1995)
667:
25:
1861:
586:occupation of Norway by the Nazis
318:
1840:Burials at Christ Church, Bergen
809:
563:
554:
266:He was the youngest son of King
1825:13th-century Norwegian monarchs
792:
774:
161:
760:
746:
730:
714:
710:. Bell & Bain. p. 66.
697:
684:
640:
617:
13:
1:
827:Norge blir en stat, 1130–1319
660:
261:
64:16 December 1263 – 9 May 1280
532:Saga of Magnus the lawmender
387:. These were adopted at the
375:Page from the national law (
282:. In 1257 his older brother
7:
798:e.g. Oscar Albert Johnsen,
786:Norges mynthistorie: Bind 1
10:
1866:
816:Sturla Þórðarson (1964) .
592:under Norwegian control.
1783:
1739:
1600:
1531:
1488:
1435:
1402:
1319:
1254:
978:
919:
891:
876:
871:
836:
754:Magnus Lagabøtes landslov
490:with the European titles
465:Sættargjerden in Tønsberg
402:Magnus Lagabøtes landslov
227:
217:
205:
196:
191:
187:
171:
146:
134:
121:
105:
101:
91:
81:
68:
60:
53:
37:
32:
1794:Kristján X (Christian X)
1217:Magnus VI the Law-mender
768:Sættargjerden i Tunsberg
610:
313:
1490:III. Independent Norway
1173:Haakon II Broadshoulder
800:Noregsveldets undergang
770:(Store norske leksikon)
756:(Store norske leksikon)
680:(Store norske leksikon)
647:
627:
290:, the daughter of King
1404:II. Independent Norway
651:
635:
590:Icelandic Commonwealth
536:Magnúss saga lagabœtis
526:to write his father's
443:
416:Magnus Lagabøtes bylov
380:
1741:Possession of Denmark
1188:Haakon III Sverresson
1161:Eystein II Haraldsson
1136:Sigurd I the Crusader
985:Foreign and non-royal
980:I. Independent Norway
838:Magnus the Lawmender
704:Hugh Tennent (1862).
473:Archbishop of Nidaros
440:Codex Hardenbergianus
437:
374:
272:Margaret Skulesdatter
232:Margrete Skulesdatter
48:, dated c. 1270s–80s.
1835:People from Tønsberg
1602:Possession of Norway
1205:Haakon IV Haakonsson
1106:Magnus II Haraldsson
993:monarchs in brackets
848:Cadet branch of the
650:, Modern Norwegian:
582:Oscar Albert Johnsen
341:Treaty of Winchester
252:Magnus the Lawmender
125:9 May 1280 (aged 42)
33:Magnus the Lawmender
1594:Monarchs of Iceland
1424:Christian Frederick
1237:Haakon VI Magnusson
1232:Magnus VII Ericsson
1178:Magnus V Erlingsson
1146:Magnus IV the Blind
1131:Eystein I Magnusson
1121:Magnus III Barefoot
1101:Harald III Hardrada
1023:Harald II Greycloak
825:Knut Helle (1974).
546:Death and aftermath
391:in the years 1274 (
349:Valdemar Birgersson
222:Haakon IV of Norway
153:Ingeborg of Denmark
74:14 September 1261,
46:Stavanger Cathedral
1785:Kingdom of Iceland
1242:Olaf IV Haakonsson
1227:Haakon V Magnusson
1194:Guttorm Sigurdsson
1116:Haakon Toresfostre
802:(Kristiania, 1924)
444:
381:
292:Eric IV of Denmark
1802:
1801:
1560:
1559:
1527:
1526:
1484:
1483:
1437:Union with Sweden
1431:
1430:
1398:
1397:
1315:
1314:
1250:
1249:
1222:Eric II Magnusson
1183:Sverre Sigurdsson
1167:Magnus Haraldsson
1156:Inge I Haraldsson
1096:Magnus I the Good
1065:Olaf II the Saint
1053:EirĂkr Hákonarson
1041:Olaf I Tryggvason
1035:Haakon Sigurdsson
1018:Haakon I the Good
1008:Harald I Fairhair
994:
936:
935:
932:
920:Succeeded by
889:
628:Magnús Hákonarson
520:Magnus Sigurdsson
516:Magnus Haraldsson
367:Internal policies
274:. He was born in
240:Magnus Haakonsson
237:
236:
201:
200:
197:Magnús Hákonarson
16:(Redirected from
1857:
1830:Fairhair dynasty
1587:
1580:
1573:
1564:
1563:
1501:
1500:
1462:Charles III John
1448:
1447:
1415:
1414:
1332:
1331:
1267:
1266:
1211:Haakon the Young
1200:Inge II BĂĄrdsson
1059:Sweyn Haakonsson
1029:Harald Bluetooth
998:
997:
984:
962:
955:
948:
939:
938:
926:
883:
877:Preceded by
867:
860:
851:Fairhair dynasty
834:
833:
830:
821:
803:
796:
790:
789:
782:Skaare, Kolbjørn
778:
772:
764:
758:
750:
744:
734:
728:
718:
712:
711:
701:
695:
688:
682:
674:
654:
648:Magnús lagabœtir
644:
638:
636:Magnus HĂĄkonsson
632:Modern Norwegian
621:
601:Bergen Cathedral
567:
558:
524:Sturla Þórðarson
189:
188:
165:
163:
140:Bergen Cathedral
42:
30:
29:
21:
1865:
1864:
1860:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1855:
1854:
1845:House of Sverre
1805:
1804:
1803:
1798:
1779:
1735:
1596:
1591:
1561:
1556:
1552:Swedish monarch
1546:English monarch
1523:
1499:
1480:
1446:
1427:
1413:
1394:
1330:
1311:
1265:
1246:
1141:Harald IV Gille
1077:Haakon Ericsson
1047:Sweyn Forkbeard
1013:Eric I Bloodaxe
992:
986:
983:
982:
974:
966:
925:
909:
899:
897:
882:
861:
855:
854:
846:
843:House of Sverre
839:
812:
807:
806:
797:
793:
779:
775:
765:
761:
751:
747:
735:
731:
719:
715:
702:
698:
689:
685:
675:
668:
663:
658:
657:
652:Magnus Lagabøte
645:
641:
622:
618:
613:
605:Bergen Domkirke
577:
576:
575:
574:
570:
569:
568:
560:
559:
548:
369:
329:Treaty of Perth
321:
316:
268:HĂĄkon HĂĄkonsson
264:
180:
167:
164: 1261)
159:
155:
142:
126:
110:
49:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1863:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1800:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1790:
1788:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1777:
1772:
1770:Frederick VIII
1767:
1762:
1757:
1755:Christian VIII
1752:
1746:
1744:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1607:
1605:
1598:
1597:
1590:
1589:
1582:
1575:
1567:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1548:
1542:
1540:Danish monarch
1536:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1505:
1498:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1486:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1452:
1445:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1433:
1432:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1421:
1419:
1412:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1336:
1329:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1321:Denmark–Norway
1317:
1316:
1313:
1312:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1271:
1264:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1252:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1151:Sigurd II Munn
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1126:Olav Magnusson
1123:
1118:
1113:
1111:Olaf III Kyrre
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1083:Sweyn Knutsson
1067:
1062:
1043:
1038:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1004:
1002:
995:
976:
975:
965:
964:
957:
950:
942:
934:
933:
921:
918:
894:King of Norway
890:
878:
874:
873:
872:Regnal titles
869:
868:
847:
840:
837:
832:
831:
822:
811:
808:
805:
804:
791:
773:
759:
745:
729:
713:
696:
683:
665:
664:
662:
659:
656:
655:
639:
615:
614:
612:
609:
572:
571:
562:
561:
553:
552:
551:
550:
549:
547:
544:
512:ordinal number
368:
365:
361:Magnus LadulĂĄs
345:Henry III
339:. In 1269 the
337:Orkney Islands
320:
319:Foreign policy
317:
315:
312:
306:king over the
263:
260:
256:ordinal number
244:King of Norway
235:
234:
229:
225:
224:
219:
215:
214:
209:
203:
202:
199:
198:
194:
193:
185:
184:
175:
169:
168:
157:
151:
150:
148:
144:
143:
138:
136:
132:
131:
123:
119:
118:
107:
103:
102:
99:
98:
93:
89:
88:
83:
79:
78:
72:
66:
65:
62:
58:
57:
55:King of Norway
51:
50:
43:
35:
34:
27:King of Norway
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1862:
1851:
1850:Sons of kings
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1795:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1782:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1760:Frederick VII
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1738:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1726:Christian VII
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1701:Frederick III
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1686:Christian III
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1656:Christopher I
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1588:
1583:
1581:
1576:
1574:
1569:
1568:
1565:
1553:
1549:
1547:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1530:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1502:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1487:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1434:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1386:Christian VII
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1361:Frederick III
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1346:Christian III
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1333:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1268:
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810:Other sources
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36:
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19:
1765:Christian IX
1750:Frederick VI
1731:Frederick VI
1716:Christian VI
1711:Frederick IV
1696:Christian IV
1691:Frederick II
1676:Christian II
1615:
1391:Frederick VI
1376:Christian VI
1371:Frederick IV
1356:Christian IV
1351:Frederick II
1308:Christian II
1290:
1256:Kalmar Union
1087:
1081:
1075:
1069:
1057:
1051:
1045:
1033:
1027:
988:
929:as sole king
928:
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915:
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886:as sole king
885:
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826:
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762:
753:
748:
732:
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642:
619:
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594:
578:
540:kings' sagas
535:
507:
503:
495:
481:
464:
461:
445:
439:
414:
400:
396:
395:) and 1276 (
392:
384:
382:
379:) of Magnus.
376:
340:
322:
265:
251:
247:
239:
238:
1820:1280 deaths
1815:1238 births
1787:(1918–1944)
1775:Christian X
1743:(1814–1918)
1721:Frederick V
1706:Christian V
1681:Frederick I
1666:Christian I
1604:(1262–1814)
1381:Frederick V
1366:Christian V
1341:Frederick I
1298:Christian I
1286:Christopher
969:Monarchs of
916:(1273–1280)
907:(1257–1263)
646:Old Norse:
488:skutilsvein
325:Isle of Man
82:Predecessor
1809:Categories
1646:Margaret I
1631:Magnus VII
1510:Haakon VII
1504:Since 1905
1472:Charles IV
1457:Charles II
991:, disputed
987:rulers in
866:9 May 1280
859:1 May 1238
661:References
597:Franciscan
385:law-mender
262:Early life
109:1 May 1238
70:Coronation
1661:Charles I
1636:Haakon VI
1616:Magnus VI
1611:Haakon IV
1451:1814–1905
1418:Only 1814
1335:1524–1814
1292:Charles I
1270:1387–1523
903:Haakon IV
898:1257–1280
880:Haakon IV
624:Old Norse
518:(II) and
469:Jon Raude
248:Magnus VI
92:Successor
86:Haakon IV
18:Magnus VI
1651:Eric III
1626:Haakon V
1520:Harald V
1477:Oscar II
1281:Eric III
1276:Margaret
1001:872–1387
784:(1995).
694:, p. 108
484:lendmann
411:Shetland
393:Landslov
377:Landslov
335:and the
333:Shetland
308:Hebrides
304:Scottish
288:Ingeborg
276:Tunsberg
182:Haakon V
130:, Norway
112:Tønsberg
1641:Olaf IV
1621:Eric II
1467:Oscar I
1089:Ælfgifu
989:italics
923:Eric II
912:Eric II
429:Castile
421:Iceland
397:Byloven
357:leidang
300:Ryfylke
296:Denmark
178:Eric II
166:
158:
96:Eric II
1671:John I
1535:Regent
1515:Olav V
1080:&
1074:&
1056:&
1050:&
1032:&
972:Norway
862:
500:knight
496:ridder
425:Sicily
389:Things
353:Sweden
280:Bergen
228:Mother
218:Father
212:Sverre
147:Spouse
135:Burial
128:Bergen
116:Norway
76:Bergen
1550:Also
1544:Also
1538:Also
901:with
864:Died:
857:Born:
741:Latin
725:Latin
611:Notes
508:herre
492:baron
453:HĂĄkon
314:Reign
284:HĂĄkon
207:House
192:Names
173:Issue
160:(
156:
61:Reign
1303:John
1071:Cnut
739:(in
723:(in
528:saga
504:lord
494:and
486:and
477:fief
457:duke
449:Eric
427:and
409:and
246:(as
122:Died
106:Born
607:).
1811::
669:^
634::
630:,
626::
471:,
162:m.
114:,
1586:e
1579:t
1572:v
1213:)
1209:(
1196:)
1192:(
1169:)
1165:(
1092:)
1086:(
961:e
954:t
947:v
743:)
727:)
603:(
534:(
506:(
498:(
463:(
442:.
20:)
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