47:
185:
191:
covering the
Southern Ocean are shown here in false-color relief. Amplitudes range between â30 mGal (magenta) to +30 mGal (red). This image has been normalized to remove variation due to differences in
733:
657:
1291:
239:
decided that it was permissible to use the gal "with the SI until the CIPM considers that use is no longer necessary". Use of the gal was deprecated by the standard
1543:
296:
Unless it is being used at the beginning of a sentence or in paragraph or section titles, the unit name gal is properly spelled with a lowercase g. As with the
726:
719:
1287:
236:
1335:
961:
664:
state that the unit name is "galileo". The NIST and the BIPM are here considered as more authoritative sources regarding the proper unit name.
654:
1295:
622:
698:
258:, which is the base unit of time in both the CGS and the modern SI system. In SI base units, 1 Gal is equal to 0.01 m/s.
63:. Red shows the areas where gravity is stronger than the smooth, standard value, and blue reveals areas where gravity is weaker. (
1100:
52:
261:
The acceleration due to Earth's gravity at its surface is 976 to 983 Gal, the variation being due mainly to differences in
1241:
642:
1326:
300:
and its symbol, the unit name (gal) and its symbol (Gal) are spelled identically except that the latter is capitalized.
1080:
1538:
1090:
568:
247:
81:
65:
273:
is 980.665 Gal. Mountains and masses of lesser density within the Earth's crust typically cause variations in
1119:
228:
1020:
805:
970:
274:
1130:
334:
1070:
1319:
1140:
1040:
905:
754:
327:
1271:
597:
524:
281:(variation with height) above Earth's surface is about 3.1 ÎŒGal per centimeter of height (
1171:
619:
990:
1010:
945:
855:
711:
17:
8:
1548:
1060:
695:
539:
534:
56:
1312:
895:
1251:
825:
650:
188:
682:
560:
289:), resulting in a maximal difference of about 2 Gal (0.02 m/s) from the top of
1150:
925:
494:
341:
270:
1245:
620:
Table 9: Non-SI units associated with the CGS and the CGS-Gaussian system of units
558:
1255:
1211:
1030:
1000:
815:
785:
702:
661:
646:
626:
232:
205:
112:
60:
1476:
1471:
1265:
1221:
1215:
1115:
1064:
1054:
1050:
1044:
1024:
899:
845:
795:
639:
1532:
1405:
1261:
1205:
1154:
1094:
1034:
994:
889:
885:
869:
499:
290:
46:
184:
1466:
1415:
1400:
1225:
1195:
1191:
1185:
1144:
1084:
1014:
949:
919:
915:
865:
839:
835:
216:. The gal is defined as 1 centimeter per second squared (1 cm/s). The
209:
1502:
1435:
1231:
1201:
1181:
980:
829:
764:
240:
1497:
1349:
1175:
1134:
935:
514:
251:
213:
1441:
875:
789:
266:
86:
1517:
1431:
974:
278:
262:
224:(ÎŒGal) are respectively one thousandth and one millionth of a gal.
1512:
1507:
1481:
1446:
1074:
909:
809:
799:
519:
504:
1461:
1395:
1359:
768:
758:
255:
31:
1456:
1451:
1375:
1235:
984:
859:
849:
819:
1304:
741:
590:
1410:
1380:
1354:
1275:
1104:
939:
929:
612:
593:
297:
1385:
879:
559:
NASA/JPL/University of Texas Center for Space
Research.
1296:
People whose names are used in chemical element names
1292:
Scientists whose names are used in physical constants
277:
of tens to hundreds of milligals (mGal). The gravity
246:The gal is a derived unit, defined in terms of the
1530:
1288:List of scientists whose names are used as units
310:Conversions between common units of acceleration
705:. University of Calgary. Accessed Nov 21, 2009.
683:Units temporarily accepted for use with the SI
1320:
727:
608:
606:
59:of an idealized smooth Earth, the so-called
27:Centimeterâgramâsecond unit of acceleration
1327:
1313:
734:
720:
561:"PIA12146: GRACE Global Gravity Animation"
45:
603:
742:Scientists whose names are used as units
183:
1101:John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh
14:
1544:Centimetreâgramâsecond system of units
1531:
1308:
715:
55:mission, showing deviations from the
24:
25:
1560:
1242:René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur
51:Earth's gravity measured by NASA
200:(symbol: Gal), sometimes called
250:(CGS) base unit of length, the
1091:Sir George Stokes, 1st Baronet
689:
667:
632:
582:
569:NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
552:
303:
13:
1:
1334:
1151:William John Macquorn Rankine
1081:Jean LĂ©onard Marie Poiseuille
545:
229:International System of Units
640:University of North Carolina
235:initials "SI"). In 1978 the
212:typically used in precision
7:
806:Charles-Augustin de Coulomb
488:
227:The gal is not part of the
10:
1565:
638:Some sources, such as the
275:gravitational acceleration
29:
1490:
1424:
1368:
1342:
1285:
1164:
1131:Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit
1114:
959:
778:
747:
596:Special Publication 811,
339:
332:
325:
318:
315:
168:
154:
140:
136:
118:
108:
100:
92:
80:
75:
44:
39:
30:Not to be confused with
1141:Johann Heinrich Lambert
1041:Johann Heinrich Lambert
906:Rolf Maximilian Sievert
1272:Evangelista Torricelli
674:NIST Guide to SI Units
525:Gravitational constant
248:centimeterâgramâsecond
193:
172:Imperial, US customary
1539:Units of acceleration
1172:Alexander Graham Bell
1071:Hans Christian Ărsted
971:Anders Jonas Ă
ngström
651:European Space Agency
187:
1369:Derived non EM units
1165:Non-systematic units
1011:Carl Friedrich Gauss
946:Wilhelm Eduard Weber
856:James Prescott Joule
696:Gravity Measurements
678:Units Outside the SI
655:ConversionTables.com
178:0.03280840 ft/s
1061:James Clerk Maxwell
540:Gravity gradiometry
535:Gravitational field
312:
131:... is equal to ...
76:General information
57:theoretical gravity
896:Werner von Siemens
755:André-Marie AmpÚre
701:2009-03-06 at the
680:; Subsection 5.2:
660:2009-05-19 at the
645:2012-02-18 at the
625:2007-10-18 at the
308:
243:, now superseded.
194:
176:
170:
162:
156:
148:
142:
1526:
1525:
1491:Derived ESU units
1425:Derived EMU units
1302:
1301:
826:Louis Harold Gray
588:Barry N. Taylor,
486:
485:
189:Gravity anomalies
182:
181:
119:Conversions
16:(Redirected from
1556:
1329:
1322:
1315:
1306:
1305:
926:Alessandro Volta
779:SI derived units
736:
729:
722:
713:
712:
706:
693:
687:
671:
665:
636:
630:
618:, 8th ed. 2006,
610:
601:
586:
580:
579:
577:
575:
556:
477:
476:
469:
464:
448:
447:
435:
434:
427:
417:
416:
409:
408:
396:
386:
384:
381:
374:
369:
368:
342:Standard gravity
313:
311:
307:
288:
286:
271:Standard gravity
241:ISO 80000-3:2006
177:
171:
163:
157:
149:
143:
66:Animated version
49:
37:
36:
21:
1564:
1563:
1559:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1553:
1529:
1528:
1527:
1522:
1486:
1420:
1364:
1338:
1333:
1303:
1298:
1281:
1252:Wilhelm Röntgen
1212:Michael Faraday
1160:
1121:
1110:
1031:Heinrich Kayser
1021:William Gilbert
1001:Galileo Galilei
960:Non-SI metric (
955:
816:Michael Faraday
786:Henri Becquerel
774:
743:
740:
710:
709:
703:Wayback Machine
694:
690:
672:
668:
662:Wayback Machine
647:Wayback Machine
637:
633:
627:Wayback Machine
611:
604:
587:
583:
573:
571:
557:
553:
548:
495:Earth's gravity
491:
474:
472:
467:
462:
459:
445:
443:
432:
430:
425:
414:
412:
406:
404:
394:
382:
379:
377:
372:
366:
364:
356:1 Gal, or cm/s
350:
309:
306:
284:
282:
233:French-language
208:, is a unit of
206:Galileo Galilei
175:
169:
161:
155:
147:
141:
113:Galileo Galilei
71:
61:earth ellipsoid
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1562:
1552:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1494:
1492:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1428:
1426:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1372:
1370:
1366:
1365:
1363:
1362:
1357:
1352:
1346:
1344:
1340:
1339:
1332:
1331:
1324:
1317:
1309:
1300:
1299:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1280:
1279:
1269:
1259:
1249:
1246:degree RĂ©aumur
1239:
1229:
1222:Heinrich Mache
1219:
1209:
1199:
1189:
1179:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1161:
1159:
1158:
1155:degree Rankine
1148:
1138:
1127:
1125:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1108:
1098:
1088:
1078:
1068:
1058:
1051:Samuel Langley
1048:
1038:
1028:
1018:
1008:
998:
988:
978:
967:
965:
957:
956:
954:
953:
943:
933:
923:
913:
903:
893:
883:
873:
863:
853:
846:Heinrich Hertz
843:
833:
823:
813:
803:
796:Anders Celsius
793:
782:
780:
776:
775:
773:
772:
762:
751:
749:
745:
744:
739:
738:
731:
724:
716:
708:
707:
688:
666:
631:
602:
581:
550:
549:
547:
544:
543:
542:
537:
532:
522:
517:
512:
502:
497:
490:
487:
484:
483:
478:
470:
465:
460:
457:
450:
449:
441:
436:
428:
423:
419:
418:
410:
402:
397:
392:
388:
387:
375:
370:
362:
357:
353:
352:
348:
338:
331:
324:
317:
305:
302:
293:to sea level.
231:(known by its
180:
179:
173:
166:
165:
159:
152:
151:
145:
144:CGS base units
138:
137:
134:
133:
128:
121:
120:
116:
115:
110:
106:
105:
102:
98:
97:
94:
90:
89:
84:
78:
77:
73:
72:
50:
42:
41:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1561:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1489:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1433:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1423:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1330:
1325:
1323:
1318:
1316:
1311:
1310:
1307:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1284:
1277:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1263:
1262:J. J. Thomson
1260:
1257:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1173:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1163:
1156:
1152:
1149:
1146:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1117:
1113:
1106:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1082:
1079:
1076:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1062:
1059:
1056:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1002:
999:
996:
992:
991:Lorånd Eötvös
989:
986:
982:
979:
976:
972:
969:
968:
966:
963:
958:
951:
947:
944:
941:
937:
934:
931:
927:
924:
921:
917:
914:
911:
907:
904:
901:
897:
894:
891:
887:
886:Blaise Pascal
884:
881:
877:
874:
871:
867:
864:
861:
857:
854:
851:
847:
844:
841:
837:
834:
831:
827:
824:
821:
817:
814:
811:
807:
804:
801:
797:
794:
791:
787:
784:
783:
781:
777:
770:
766:
763:
760:
756:
753:
752:
750:
748:SI base units
746:
737:
732:
730:
725:
723:
718:
717:
714:
704:
700:
697:
692:
685:
684:
679:
676:; Section 5,
675:
670:
663:
659:
656:
652:
648:
644:
641:
635:
628:
624:
621:
617:
614:
609:
607:
599:
595:
591:
585:
570:
566:
562:
555:
551:
541:
538:
536:
533:
530:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
510:
506:
503:
501:
500:Eotvos (unit)
498:
496:
493:
492:
482:
479:
471:
466:
461:
456:
452:
451:
442:
440:
437:
429:
424:
421:
420:
411:
403:
401:
398:
393:
390:
389:
376:
371:
363:
361:
358:
355:
354:
347:
343:
336:
329:
322:
314:
301:
299:
294:
292:
291:Mount Everest
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
259:
257:
253:
249:
244:
242:
238:
234:
230:
225:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
190:
186:
174:
167:
160:
153:
146:
139:
135:
132:
129:
127:
123:
122:
117:
114:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
88:
85:
83:
79:
74:
69:
67:
62:
58:
54:
48:
43:
38:
33:
19:
1390:
1192:Pierre Curie
1145:foot-lambert
1004:
916:Nikola Tesla
866:Isaac Newton
836:Joseph Henry
691:
681:
677:
673:
669:
634:
615:
589:
584:
572:. Retrieved
565:Photojournal
564:
554:
528:
508:
480:
454:
438:
399:
359:
345:
320:
295:
260:
245:
226:
221:
217:
210:acceleration
201:
197:
195:
130:
125:
96:Acceleration
93:Unit of
64:
1503:statcoulomb
1232:John Napier
1202:John Dalton
1182:Marie Curie
981:Peter Debye
765:Lord Kelvin
616:SI brochure
574:30 December
323:, or cm/s)
316:Base value
304:Conversions
220:(mGal) and
124:1 Gal
109:Named after
82:Unit system
1549:Gravimetry
1533:Categories
1498:statampere
1350:centimetre
1343:Base units
1135:Fahrenheit
936:James Watt
598:Appendix B
546:References
515:Gravimetry
254:, and the
252:centimeter
214:gravimetry
1442:abcoulomb
1336:CGS units
1122:customary
876:Georg Ohm
790:becquerel
287:10 s
267:elevation
192:latitude.
87:CGS units
1518:statvolt
1432:abampere
1256:roentgen
1133:(degree
1116:Imperial
975:angstrom
798:(degree
699:Archived
658:Archived
643:Archived
623:Archived
489:See also
279:gradient
263:latitude
222:microgal
218:milligal
164:0.01 m/s
158:SI units
1513:statohm
1508:statmho
1482:oersted
1477:maxwell
1472:gilbert
1447:abhenry
1266:thomson
1216:faraday
1075:oersted
1065:maxwell
1055:langley
1045:lambert
1025:gilbert
964:) units
910:sievert
900:siemens
810:coulomb
800:Celsius
520:Gravity
505:g-force
468:32.1740
463:980.665
395:30.4800
391:1 ft/s
202:galileo
1462:abvolt
1406:kayser
1396:kelvin
1360:second
1206:dalton
1095:stokes
1035:kayser
995:eotvos
890:pascal
870:newton
769:kelvin
759:ampere
653:, and
649:, the
592:1995,
422:1 m/s
256:second
204:after
150:1 cm/s
126:in ...
101:Symbol
32:gallon
1467:gauss
1457:abohm
1452:abmho
1416:stilb
1401:poise
1376:barye
1236:neper
1226:Mache
1196:curie
1186:curie
1124:units
1085:poise
1015:gauss
985:debye
950:weber
920:tesla
860:joule
850:hertz
840:henry
820:farad
473:9.806
444:0.101
431:3.280
413:0.031
405:0.304
378:1.019
365:0.032
53:GRACE
1436:biot
1411:phot
1381:dyne
1355:gram
1276:torr
1118:and
1105:rayl
940:watt
930:volt
830:gray
613:BIPM
594:NIST
576:2013
415:0810
373:0.01
367:8084
328:ft/s
298:torr
265:and
237:CIPM
196:The
18:MGal
1391:gal
1386:erg
1176:bel
1005:gal
962:cgs
880:ohm
446:972
426:100
407:800
335:m/s
321:Gal
283:3.1
198:gal
104:Gal
40:gal
1535::
1294:·
1290:·
1120:US
605:^
567:.
563:.
475:65
453:1
433:84
385:10
380:72
351:)
344:,
337:)
330:)
269:.
1438:)
1434:(
1328:e
1321:t
1314:v
1278:)
1274:(
1268:)
1264:(
1258:)
1254:(
1248:)
1244:(
1238:)
1234:(
1228:)
1224:(
1218:)
1214:(
1208:)
1204:(
1198:)
1194:(
1188:)
1184:(
1178:)
1174:(
1157:)
1153:(
1147:)
1143:(
1137:)
1107:)
1103:(
1097:)
1093:(
1087:)
1083:(
1077:)
1073:(
1067:)
1063:(
1057:)
1053:(
1047:)
1043:(
1037:)
1033:(
1027:)
1023:(
1017:)
1013:(
1007:)
1003:(
997:)
993:(
987:)
983:(
977:)
973:(
952:)
948:(
942:)
938:(
932:)
928:(
922:)
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529:G
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509:g
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20:)
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