51:
2757:
395:
1009:(ED) visit after the use of "bath salts" in Michigan. One person was reported dead on arrival at the ED. Associates of the dead person reported that he had used bath salts. His toxicology results revealed high levels of MDPV in addition to marijuana and prescription drugs. The primary factor contributing to death was cited as MDPV toxicity after autopsy was performed. An incident of
42:
1001:, but toxicology reports later confirmed that both Troy Johnson, 29, and Terry Sumrow, 28, had ingested MDPV shortly before their deaths. "It wasn't anything to kill them, but enough to get them messed up," the county coroner said. MDPV containers were found in their vehicle along with spoons, hypodermic syringes and marijuana paraphernalia. In April 2011, an
1311:
757:
A cross-sensitization between MDPV and cocaine has been evidenced. Furthermore, both psychostimulants, MDPV and cocaine, restore drug-seeking behavior with respect to each other, although relapse into drug-taking is always more pronounced with the conditioning drug. Moreover, memories associated with
981:
law banning synthetic drugs took effect barring selling and/or possession of "any material, compound, mixture, or preparation that contains any quantity of the following substances having a stimulant effect on the central nervous system, including their salts, isomers, and salts of isomers", listing
935:
federally scheduled drug. On
October 21, 2011, the DEA issued a temporary one-year ban on MDPV, classifying it as a schedule I substance. Schedule I status is reserved for substances with a high potential for abuse, no currently accepted use for treatment in the United States and a lack of accepted
939:
Before the federal ban was announced, MDPV was already banned in
Louisiana and Florida. On March 24, 2011, Kentucky passed bill HB 121, which makes MDPV, as well as three other cathinones, controlled substances in the state. It also makes it a Class A misdemeanor to sell the drug, and a Class B
766:
The long-term effects of MDPV on humans have not been studied, but it has been reported that mice treated with MDPV during adolescence show reinforcing behavior patterns to cocaine that are higher than the control groups. These behavioural changes are related to alterations of factor expression
841:
MDPV may be quantified in blood, plasma or urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry or liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to confirm a diagnosis of poisoning in hospitalized patients or to provide evidence in a medicolegal death investigation. Blood or plasma MDPV concentrations are
1874:
Strano-Rossi S, Cadwallader AB, de la Torre X, Botrè F (September 2010). "Toxicological determination and in vitro metabolism of the designer drug methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry".
1953:
Meyer MR, Du P, Schuster F, Maurer HH (December 2010). "Studies on the metabolism of the α-pyrrolidinophenone designer drug methylenedioxy-pyrovalerone (MDPV) in rat and human urine and human liver microsomes using GC-MS and LC-high-resolution MS and its detectability in urine by GC-MS".
878:
announced that anyone intending to sell or supply MDPV faces a maximum $ 100,000 fine or 25 years in jail. Users face a $ 2000 fine or two years' jail. Therefore, anyone caught with MDPV can be charged with possession, selling, supplying or intent to sell or supply.
633:. It has been shown to produce robust reinforcing effects and compulsive self-administration in rats, though this had already been provisionally established by a number of documented cases of misuse and addiction in humans before the animal tests were carried out.
1692:
Duart-Castells L, López-Arnau R, Vizcaíno S, Camarasa J, Pubill D, Escubedo E (May 2019). "7,8-Dihydroxyflavone blocks the development of behavioral sensitization to MDPV, but not to cocaine: Differential role of the BDNF-TrkB pathway".
188:
Illegal in
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, France, Hungary, Ireland, Finland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Turkey,
1746:
Duart-Castells L, Blanco-Gandía MC, Ferrer-Pérez C, Puster B, Pubill D, Miñarro J, et al. (June 2020). "Cross-reinstatement between 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV) and cocaine using conditioned place preference".
611:
and thus tends to form clumps, resembling something like powdered sugar. Its color can range from pure white to a yellowish-tan and has a slight odor that strengthens as it colors. Impurities are likely to consist of either
966:
signed a law making it a crime "to knowingly produce, manufacture, distribute, sell, offer for sale or possess with intent to produce, manufacture, distribute, sell, or offer for sale" any product containing MDPV.
1405:
Westphal F, Junge T, Rösner P, Sönnichsen F, Schuster F (September 2009). "Mass and NMR spectroscopic characterization of 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone: a designer drug with alpha-pyrrolidinophenone structure".
1638:
Duart-Castells L, López-Arnau R, Buenrostro-Jáuregui M, Muñoz-Villegas P, Valverde O, Camarasa J, et al. (January 2019). "Neuroadaptive changes and behavioral effects after a sensitization regime of MDPV".
1309:, Koppe H, Ludwig G, Zeile K, "1-(3',4'-methylenedioxy-phenyl)-2-pyrrolidino-alkanones-(1)", issued November 1969, assigned to CH Boehringer Sohn AG and Co and KG Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH.
2141:
616:
or alpha-dibrominated alkylphenones—respectively, from either excess pyrrolidine or incomplete amination during synthesis. These impurities likely account for its discoloration and fishy (pyrrolidine) or
5991:
5193:
997:
In April 2011, two weeks after being reported missing, two men in northwestern
Pennsylvania were found dead in a remote location on government land. The official cause of death of both men was
887:
Canadian Health
Minister Leona Aglukkaq announced on June 5, 2012, that MDPV would be listed on Schedule I of the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act, which was realized on September 26, 2012.
1613:
110:
2640:
758:
MDPV require more time to be extinguished. Also, in MDPV-treated mice, a priming-dose of cocaine triggers significant neuroplasticity, implying a high vulnerability to its abuse.
2058:
806:) allowing it to be excreted by the kidneys, with only a small fraction of the metabolites being excreted into the stools. No free pyrrolidine will be detected in the urine.
1016:
A total of 107 non-fatal intoxications and 99 analytically confirmed deaths related to MDPV between
September 2009 and August 2013 were reported by nine European countries.
870:
In
Western Australia, MDPV has been banned under the Poisons Act 1964, having been included in Appendix A Schedule 9 of the Poisons Act 1964 as from February 11, 2012. The
2572:
2435:
2225:
7854:
2468:
2285:
1490:
Coppola M, Mondola R (January 2012). "3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV): chemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of a new designer drug of abuse marketed online".
842:
expected to be in a range of 10–50 μg/L in persons using the drug recreationally, >50 μg/L in intoxicated patients, and >300 μg/L in victims of acute overdose.
7849:
2708:
Penders TM, et al. (December 2013). "Electroconvulsive
Therapy Improves Persistent Psychosis After Repeated Use of Methylenedioxypyrovalerone ("Bath Salts")".
8069:
2088:
1360:
Brandt SD, Freeman S, Sumnall HR, Measham F, Cole J (September 2011). "Analysis of NRG 'legal highs' in the UK: identification and formation of novel cathinones".
4947:
670:
5683:
4952:
7909:
6026:
5238:
1154:
732:
146:
159:
982:
ephedrine and pyrovalerone. It also specifically includes MDPV. Four days after this Ohio law was passed, the DEA's national emergency ban was implemented.
2316:
4932:
2252:
1792:"Exposure of adolescent mice to 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone increases the psychostimulant, rewarding and reinforcing effects of cocaine in adulthood"
2145:
1075:
to treat hypertension in these patients can cause an unopposed peripheral alpha-adrenergic effect with a dangerous paradoxical rise in blood pressure.
535:
123:
3714:
2378:
1606:
7106:
4744:
1179:
716:
from sleep withdrawal and addiction at higher doses or more frequent dosing intervals. It has also been repeatedly noted to induce irresistible
4661:
572:
2404:
579:. Its activity at the dopamine transporter is six times stronger than at the norepinephrine transporter and it is virtually inactive at the
7971:
7513:
7508:
6789:
6784:
6603:
491:
465:
5676:
4420:
2163:
183:
4977:
4972:
2633:
7292:
1578:
1210:"Powerful cocaine-like actions of 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV), a principal constituent of psychoactive 'bath salts' products"
4967:
4942:
4937:
666:
542:
7889:
7630:
6021:
6016:
5233:
5128:
2112:"Finlex: huumausaineina pidettävistä aineista, valmisteista ja kasveista annetun valtioneuvoston asetuksen liitteen IV muuttamisesta"
4962:
2506:
2054:
135:
8014:
2528:
Boshuisen K, Arends JE, Rutgers DR, Frijns CJ (May 2012). "A young man with hemiplegia after inhaling the bath salt "Ivory wave"".
955:
student who was murdered in March 2011 by an alleged user of MDPV. A toxicology report later found no "bath salts" in his system.
4877:
912:
825:
of both the aromatic ring and side chain then takes place, followed by an oxidation of the pyrrolidine ring to the corresponding
2665:
Penders TM, Gestring RE, Vilensky DA (November 2012). "Intoxication delirium following use of synthetic cathinone derivatives".
2611:
2580:
6011:
5669:
5133:
4957:
2427:
2215:
2764:"1-(4-Methylphenyl)-2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-pentan-1-one (Pyrovalerone) analogues: a promising class of monoamine uptake inhibitors"
2119:
750:
behaviour, a feature that has already been observed in humans. As with MDMA, MDPV also caused a faster adaptation to repeated
2192:
2006:
3244:
2458:
2831:
2345:
2275:
7998:
5291:
2080:
6364:
4922:
4223:
4129:
2899:
2491:"Emergency Department Visits After Use of a Drug Sold as "Bath Salts" --- Michigan, November 13, 2010 – March 31, 2011"
1534:
171:
2032:
511:
1147:
7813:
4228:
1123:
4628:
4322:
4233:
932:
871:
243:
95:
8018:
4917:
4887:
4213:
4208:
3908:
3824:
2308:
674:
662:
7074:
4907:
4892:
4292:
4203:
4198:
3739:
2248:
1325:
Slomski A (December 2012). "A trip on "bath salts" is cheaper than meth or cocaine but much more dangerous".
818:
791:
708:, and mild stimulation lasting from 6 to 8 hours. High doses have been observed to cause intense, prolonged
519:
InChI=1S/C16H21NO3/c1-2-5-13(17-8-3-4-9-17)16(18)12-6-7-14-15(10-12)20-11-19-14/h6-7,10,13H,2-5,8-9,11H2,1H3
8079:
7994:
5711:
5692:
4721:
4711:
4565:
4465:
4238:
4020:
2497:. Vol. 60, no. 19. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). May 2011. pp. 624–627.
1443:"Potent rewarding and reinforcing effects of the synthetic cathinone 3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV)"
334:
4912:
2370:
1067:
in 2–4 mg increments every 10–15 minutes intravenously or intramuscularly. If this is not effective,
7358:
6634:
5332:
4872:
4759:
4754:
4470:
3709:
986:
374:
6353:
4405:
4327:
3701:
2142:"A change to the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 : Control of mephedrone and other cathinone derivatives"
3878:
1441:
Watterson LR, Kufahl PR, Nemirovsky NE, Sewalia K, Grabenauer M, Thomas BF, et al. (March 2014).
274:
8074:
5040:
3804:
3219:
1076:
700:
The primary psychological effects have a duration of roughly 3 to 4 hours, with aftereffects such as
3873:
2756:
1790:
López-Arnau R, Luján MA, Duart-Castells L, Pubill D, Camarasa J, Valverde O, Escubedo E (May 2017).
1374:
1148:"EMCDDA–Europol Joint Report on a new psychoactive substance: MDPV (3,4-methylenedioxypyrovalerone)"
390:
4475:
4312:
3364:
2959:
2824:
920:
583:
transporter. MDPV remained an obscure stimulant until around 2004 when it was reportedly sold as a
2309:"Cranford man charged with murdering girlfriend; Toxicology report shows no trace of 'bath salts'"
2027:
8059:
7831:
4774:
4769:
4460:
3893:
3834:
3784:
3779:
3729:
3329:
2400:
1079:(ECT) has been shown to improve persistent psychotic symptoms associated with repeated MDPV use.
803:
724:
74:
63:
1918:
Michaelis W, Russel JH, Schindler O (May 1970). "The metabolism of pyrovalerone hydrochloride".
1208:
Baumann MH, Partilla JS, Lehner KR, Thorndike EB, Hoffman AF, Holy M, et al. (March 2013).
8049:
8010:
8006:
7413:
6689:
6119:
6072:
5372:
5248:
4997:
4716:
4400:
3903:
3789:
3749:
3734:
1369:
1048:
989:
voted to ban MDPV and a variety of other synthetic drugs that had been legally sold in stores.
2159:
767:
directly related to addiction. All this suggests an increased vulnerability to cocaine abuse.
739:
use. It is supposedly active at 3–5 mg, with typical doses ranging between 5–20 mg.
323:
7131:
7063:
6537:
5839:
5213:
4849:
4573:
4395:
3229:
3214:
3206:
1567:
1257:
Simmler LD, Buser TA, Donzelli M, Schramm Y, Dieu LH, Huwyler J, et al. (January 2013).
1056:
916:
654:, developed in the 1960s, which has been used for the treatment of chronic fatigue and as an
644:
568:
476:
5311:
269:
8064:
8044:
8002:
7874:
7403:
6947:
6679:
6109:
6088:
5700:
5547:
5058:
4455:
4362:
4332:
4139:
3976:
3754:
3224:
2904:
2894:
1963:
1884:
1044:
1006:
896:
717:
576:
343:
50:
33:
17:
5306:
1637:
8:
8084:
8054:
8039:
7688:
7533:
7398:
7126:
6983:
6809:
6674:
6329:
6104:
5063:
4633:
4445:
4276:
4154:
4045:
3981:
3774:
3759:
3719:
3105:
2992:
2817:
2490:
1033:
260:
70:
1967:
1888:
1005:, woman apparently died from an MDPV overdose. In May 2011, the CDC reported a hospital
394:
7773:
5799:
4823:
4809:
4764:
4749:
3249:
3234:
2886:
2788:
2763:
2733:
2690:
2553:
1816:
1791:
1772:
1728:
1674:
1467:
1442:
1283:
1258:
1234:
1209:
974:
signed a bill establishing fines for possession and penalties for trafficking of MDPV.
952:
923:(Amendment) Order 2010, making it illegal to sell, buy, or possess without a license.
685:
MDPV acts as a stimulant and has been reported to produce effects similar to those of
7764:
6502:
6209:
5784:
5597:
4982:
4834:
4485:
3853:
3580:
3344:
3284:
3239:
2793:
2725:
2694:
2682:
2603:
2545:
2498:
2002:
1979:
1935:
1900:
1856:
1821:
1776:
1764:
1720:
1666:
1652:
1507:
1472:
1458:
1423:
1387:
1342:
1288:
1274:
1239:
875:
647:
588:
303:
82:
2737:
2557:
1732:
1678:
1419:
7869:
7724:
7096:
6492:
6189:
6129:
5946:
5860:
5118:
4927:
4789:
4666:
4425:
4297:
4287:
4188:
4088:
3923:
3656:
3349:
2997:
2804:
2783:
2775:
2717:
2674:
2537:
2111:
1971:
1927:
1892:
1848:
1811:
1803:
1756:
1710:
1702:
1656:
1648:
1499:
1462:
1454:
1415:
1379:
1334:
1278:
1270:
1229:
1221:
751:
640:
411:
197:
2188:
1153:. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA). January 2014.
7839:
7714:
7656:
7644:
7312:
6951:
6583:
6517:
5931:
5819:
5794:
5542:
5035:
4844:
4819:
4779:
4618:
4535:
4490:
4357:
4352:
4272:
4268:
4084:
3857:
3839:
3309:
3007:
2721:
2678:
2541:
2463:
1503:
1002:
948:
859:
851:
830:
690:
481:
205:
5661:
5652:
5301:
5296:
5276:
5271:
5266:
5261:
2338:
1760:
1180:"Monkey dust "epidemic" causing drug users to experience violent hallucinations"
7668:
7652:
7648:
7574:
7297:
6963:
6955:
6568:
6334:
6057:
5809:
5537:
5532:
5337:
4799:
4504:
4342:
4050:
3118:
3012:
2967:
2929:
1029:
795:
637:
2022:
1706:
1526:
591:
were sold as recreational drugs in gas stations, similar to the marketing for
8033:
7924:
7708:
7704:
7674:
7640:
7614:
7604:
7559:
7523:
7383:
7327:
7166:
7028:
7008:
6991:
6969:
6890:
6885:
6835:
6799:
6659:
6598:
6324:
5844:
5829:
5789:
5617:
5517:
5467:
5382:
4623:
4550:
4525:
4440:
4435:
4410:
4375:
4248:
3888:
3829:
3374:
3319:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3113:
2987:
2909:
1745:
1072:
822:
584:
278:
5941:
5936:
5113:
5108:
1338:
1032:, to lessen the drug-induced activity in the brain and body. In some cases,
850:
In Sweden a 33-year-old man has been sentenced to six years in prison by an
809:
Molecularly, this is seen as demethylenation of methylenedioxypyrovalerone (
7859:
7754:
7744:
7569:
7564:
7408:
7378:
7266:
7136:
7014:
6926:
6895:
6850:
6845:
6840:
6684:
6654:
6542:
6451:
6411:
6314:
6234:
6124:
6114:
5926:
5921:
5906:
5901:
5880:
5572:
5522:
5442:
5422:
5417:
5397:
5392:
5347:
5103:
5098:
5088:
5073:
5012:
4583:
4578:
4555:
4515:
4347:
4253:
4169:
4099:
4080:
4075:
4060:
3933:
3863:
3814:
3492:
3457:
3422:
3289:
3128:
2949:
2934:
2797:
2729:
2686:
2549:
2502:
2280:
1983:
1904:
1860:
1825:
1768:
1724:
1670:
1511:
1476:
1427:
1391:
1346:
1306:
1292:
1243:
858:, for possession of 250 grams of MDPV that had been acquired prior to
709:
705:
651:
592:
7219:
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin receptor modulators:
5286:
5281:
2191:(Press release). Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). October 21, 2011.
1939:
1852:
7929:
7919:
7864:
7835:
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7729:
7682:
7664:
7599:
7579:
7528:
7518:
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7453:
7448:
7393:
7363:
7342:
7332:
7322:
7282:
7221:
7201:
7191:
7171:
7151:
7111:
7101:
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6977:
6959:
6931:
6916:
6875:
6855:
6804:
6794:
6769:
6729:
6724:
6669:
6639:
6618:
6608:
6593:
6558:
6522:
6487:
6416:
6406:
6396:
6391:
6339:
6319:
6309:
6284:
6264:
6194:
6169:
6144:
6139:
6134:
6099:
6094:
6052:
6047:
5996:
5804:
5622:
5607:
5592:
5562:
5557:
5502:
5487:
5482:
5457:
5412:
5402:
5387:
5367:
5357:
5352:
5218:
4864:
4784:
4510:
4480:
4430:
4385:
4302:
4282:
4258:
4094:
4065:
4030:
3953:
3943:
3938:
3913:
3849:
3819:
3691:
3671:
3618:
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3532:
3522:
3502:
3487:
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3467:
3447:
3442:
3407:
3299:
3254:
3173:
3133:
3080:
2977:
2944:
2876:
2189:"Chemicals Used in "Bath Salts" Now Under Federal Control and Regulation"
1691:
1225:
1068:
1052:
998:
963:
814:
799:
736:
701:
694:
630:
613:
608:
78:
5256:
1931:
1601:
1599:
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7899:
7826:
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7749:
7719:
7696:
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7609:
7594:
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7463:
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7368:
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7287:
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7226:
7211:
7206:
7181:
7176:
7146:
7141:
7121:
7116:
7040:
7019:
7002:
6997:
6880:
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6754:
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6709:
6699:
6694:
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6644:
6578:
6573:
6532:
6512:
6497:
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6294:
6279:
6224:
6214:
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6174:
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6154:
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5123:
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4726:
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4613:
4608:
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4500:
4495:
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4380:
4370:
4337:
4193:
4183:
4174:
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4159:
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4114:
4109:
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4010:
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3928:
3898:
3883:
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3676:
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3628:
3623:
3590:
3585:
3555:
3547:
3437:
3354:
3324:
3314:
3264:
3259:
3163:
3123:
3065:
3060:
3045:
2982:
2972:
2924:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2848:
1873:
1715:
1661:
1025:
1010:
944:
747:
743:
607:
The hydrochloride salt exists as a very fine crystalline powder; it is
441:
314:
2779:
1807:
855:
7966:
7914:
7884:
7879:
7799:
7781:
7777:
7734:
7692:
7635:
7584:
7503:
7473:
7337:
7256:
7246:
7241:
7236:
7161:
7156:
7036:
7032:
6921:
6911:
6860:
6779:
6749:
6613:
6563:
6482:
6477:
6446:
6441:
6401:
6299:
6289:
6254:
6179:
6149:
6082:
6042:
6006:
5911:
5896:
5870:
5834:
5824:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5637:
5612:
5477:
5447:
5437:
5362:
5228:
5078:
5068:
5002:
4992:
4839:
4829:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4243:
4149:
4134:
4119:
4070:
4025:
3844:
3648:
3638:
3633:
3613:
3570:
3497:
3417:
3412:
3402:
3387:
3359:
3339:
3334:
3304:
3279:
3269:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3090:
3075:
3070:
3002:
2939:
2919:
2871:
2840:
1975:
1896:
1596:
1064:
959:
713:
655:
596:
580:
564:
289:
217:
4902:
4897:
1789:
1383:
621:-like odor, which worsens upon exposure to air, moisture, or bases.
7953:
7904:
7894:
7793:
7739:
7700:
7678:
7468:
7458:
7251:
7044:
6987:
6973:
6744:
6734:
6436:
6421:
6386:
6244:
6239:
6229:
6199:
6001:
5758:
5648:
5512:
5472:
5432:
5427:
5223:
4854:
4814:
4706:
4656:
4603:
4598:
4545:
4540:
4530:
4415:
4317:
4263:
4104:
4005:
3948:
3686:
3661:
3605:
3575:
3462:
3432:
3427:
3382:
3294:
3274:
3181:
3138:
3095:
3022:
2914:
1037:
829:, with subsequent detachment and ring opening to the corresponding
742:
When assayed in mice, repeated exposure to MDPV causes not only an
363:
1259:"Pharmacological characterization of designer cathinones in vitro"
712:
in stimulant-intolerant users, and there are anecdotal reports of
464:
7759:
7589:
7542:
7538:
7488:
7483:
7438:
7428:
7388:
7317:
7196:
6865:
6818:
6814:
6764:
6759:
6714:
6704:
6664:
6588:
6507:
6269:
6259:
6249:
6219:
6164:
5986:
5981:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5961:
5956:
5916:
5814:
5733:
5627:
5552:
5507:
5208:
5203:
5198:
5188:
5183:
5178:
5173:
5168:
5163:
5158:
5153:
5093:
5050:
5022:
4882:
4804:
4794:
4676:
4035:
3918:
3794:
3595:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3397:
3392:
3085:
3055:
1060:
900:
783:
728:
686:
618:
210:
2001:. Seal Beach, Ca.: Biomedical Publications. pp. 1321–1322.
1749:
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological
Psychiatry
1440:
7769:
7498:
7443:
7186:
7024:
6774:
6719:
6527:
6274:
5951:
5632:
5582:
5567:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5083:
4015:
3999:
3995:
3991:
3527:
3452:
3040:
3035:
3030:
2762:
Meltzer PC, Butler D, Deschamps JR, Madras BK (February 2006).
985:
On
December 8, 2011, under the Synthetic Drug Control Act, the
826:
810:
787:
779:
776:
2339:"State of Tennessee Public Chapter No. 169 House Bill No. 457"
1207:
5407:
5327:
4671:
4588:
4307:
4144:
3769:
3724:
3050:
2809:
1404:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1071:
is an alternative treatment. It is suggested that the use of
971:
455:
227:
223:
2761:
2527:
379:
7843:
4218:
3764:
3744:
3565:
2639:. Michigan Department of Community Health. April 30, 2012.
1612:. Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs. March 31, 2010.
1359:
1256:
978:
354:
6365:
1305:
2220:
629:
Methylenedioxypyrovalerone has no record of FDA approved
575:(NDRI). It was first developed in the 1960s by a team at
7814:
2371:"New law sets fine at $ 350 for 'bath salts' possession"
1917:
723:
Reported modalities of intake include oral consumption,
251:
1-(1,3-Benzodioxol-5-yl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pentan-1-one
2664:
2216:"Florida Bans Cocaine-Like 'Bath Salts' Sold in Stores"
41:
7356:
Serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors:
6632:
Serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors:
661:
Other drugs with a similar chemical structure include
7075:
2459:"Illinois lawmakers target bath salts used as a drug"
2160:"The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (Amendment) Order 2010"
2057:. Government of Western Australia. February 8, 2012.
1952:
587:. In the US, products containing MDPV and labeled as
5712:
2403:. Ohio General Assembly Archives. October 17, 2011.
2249:"Gov. Beshear signs law banning new synthetic drugs"
2183:
2181:
936:
safety standards for use under medical supervision.
903:(listed appendix IV substance as of June 28, 2010),
836:
2401:"Ohio Amendment to Controlled Substances Act HB 64"
6354:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1124:"Substance Details 3,4-Methylenedioxypyrovalerone"
5691:
3715:1-Methylamino-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)propane
2604:"An Alarming New Stimulant, Legal in Many States"
2178:
8031:
2276:"Governor bans bath salts after student's death"
1024:Physicians often treat MDPV overdose cases with
302:
4745:1-Benzyl-4-(2-(diphenylmethoxy)ethyl)piperidine
2601:
2081:"'Bath salts' drug ingredient banned in Canada"
1999:Disposition of toxic drugs and chemicals in man
1549:
1250:
671:3',4'-methylenedioxy-α-pyrrolidinopropiophenone
658:, but caused problems of abuse and dependence.
268:
2667:The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse
2634:""Bath Salts" Health Care Provider Fact Sheet"
1489:
919:derivatives, MDPV is a Class B drug under The
7280:Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors:
7064:
6556:Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors:
6384:Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors:
5677:
2825:
2144:. Home Office. April 16, 2010. Archived from
1911:
804:uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyl-transferase
6470:Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors:
5701:
8070:Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors
2251:(Press release). Commonwealth of Kentucky.
2109:
1527:"US Patent 3314970 – α-Pyrrolidino ketones"
1398:
951:. The law is named after Pamela Schmidt, a
6370:Tooltip Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
5684:
5670:
2832:
2818:
2428:"House Votes to Ban 'Spice,' 'Bath Salts'"
1867:
1353:
573:norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor
393:
322:
149:(Authorized trade only, not prescriptible)
49:
40:
2787:
2570:
2306:
1946:
1877:Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry
1815:
1714:
1660:
1466:
1373:
1282:
1233:
1203:
1201:
599:as incense, until it was banned in 2011.
342:
7819:Tooltip Vesicular monoamine transporters
7094:Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors:
1142:
1140:
992:
2707:
2602:Goodnough A, Zezima K (July 16, 2011).
2425:
2246:
1838:
1619:from the original on September 16, 2016
1324:
675:1-phenyl-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-pentanone
389:
14:
8032:
2573:"Synthetic drugs sent thousands to ER"
2509:from the original on September 7, 2017
2456:
2344:. State of Tennessee. April 18, 2011.
2228:from the original on February 14, 2019
1996:
1524:
1198:
177:
153:
7080:Tooltip Serotonin reuptake inhibitors
5665:
2813:
2495:Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
2351:from the original on January 20, 2017
2213:
2023:"Hovrätten skärper straff i MDPV-dom"
1137:
1019:
165:
5717:Tooltip Dopamine reuptake inhibitors
2471:from the original on August 12, 2016
2381:from the original on August 16, 2016
2288:from the original on August 12, 2016
2273:
2195:from the original on August 15, 2016
2091:from the original on August 11, 2016
2061:from the original on August 15, 2016
1160:from the original on August 15, 2016
761:
667:4'-methyl-α-pyrrolidinopropiophenone
499:O=C(C(CCC)N1CCCC1)C2=CC=C3C(OCO3)=C2
2614:from the original on April 15, 2021
2035:from the original on March 13, 2016
362:
293:
24:
7414:Didesmethylsibutramine (BTS-54505)
6690:Didesmethylsibutramine (BTS-54505)
6359:Tooltip Norepinephrine transporter
6120:Didesmethylsibutramine (BTS-54505)
2407:from the original on June 30, 2015
2319:from the original on March 9, 2014
2122:from the original on July 20, 2011
2055:"Emerging drug, MDPV banned in WA"
1584:from the original on June 11, 2016
1537:from the original on June 19, 2015
802:, which in turn are glucuronated (
25:
8096:
5932:Etybenzatropine (ethybenztropine)
2748:
2571:Salter J, Jim S (April 6, 2011).
2307:Giambusso D (September 2, 2011).
2255:from the original on May 13, 2016
2166:from the original on May 22, 2013
1607:"Consideration of the Cathinones"
970:On July 6, 2011, the governor of
906:
895:MDPV is specifically listed as a
837:Detection in biological specimens
104:
7404:Desmethylsibutramine (BTS-54354)
6680:Desmethylsibutramine (BTS-54354)
6110:Desmethylsibutramine (BTS-54354)
3710:1-(4-Methylphenyl)-2-aminobutane
2755:
2646:from the original on May 1, 2017
2438:from the original on May 2, 2020
1839:Kalapos MP (December 2011). "".
1653:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.10.005
1459:10.1111/j.1369-1600.2012.00474.x
1275:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02145.x
931:In the United States, MDPV is a
926:
794:phase 1 metabolism (liver) into
428:
422:
8015:Monoamine metabolism modulators
4629:2-Phenyl-3,6-dimethylmorpholine
4323:N,alpha-Diethylphenylethylamine
2701:
2658:
2626:
2595:
2564:
2521:
2483:
2450:
2419:
2393:
2363:
2331:
2300:
2267:
2240:
2207:
2162:. Home Office. April 12, 2010.
2152:
2134:
2110:Naantalissa A (June 28, 2010).
2103:
2073:
2047:
2015:
1990:
1832:
1796:British Journal of Pharmacology
1783:
1739:
1685:
1631:
1518:
1483:
1434:
1420:10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.05.001
1263:British Journal of Pharmacology
872:Director of Public Prosecutions
624:
524:Key:SYHGEUNFJIGTRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
141:
5224:Troparil (β-CPT, WIN 35,065-2)
3825:2-Amino-1,2-dihydronaphthalene
2839:
2768:Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
2426:Kreider R (December 8, 2011).
1920:Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
1408:Forensic Science International
1318:
1299:
1172:
1116:
431:
416:
130:
117:
13:
1:
7995:Receptor/signaling modulators
7069:Tooltip Serotonin transporter
5693:Monoamine reuptake inhibitors
1109:
819:catechol-O-methyl transferase
770:
602:
184:Psychotropic Schedule II
6909:Tetracyclic antidepressants:
5706:Tooltip Dopamine transporter
2722:10.1097/YCT.0b013e3182887bc2
2679:10.3109/00952990.2012.694535
2542:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182553c70
2274:Rowe A (September 2, 2011).
2247:Beshear S (March 23, 2011).
2214:Allen G (February 8, 2011).
2031:(in Swedish). June 4, 2010.
1956:Journal of Mass Spectrometry
1504:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.10.002
865:
7:
7359:3,3-Diphenylcyclobutanamine
6635:3,3-Diphenylcyclobutanamine
5333:3,3-Diphenylcyclobutanamine
4873:2-Diphenylmethylpyrrolidine
4760:3,4-Dichloromethylphenidate
4755:2-Methyl-3-phenylpiperidine
1761:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.109876
1082:
1063:consists of large doses of
987:US House of Representatives
940:misdemeanor to possess it.
845:
10:
8101:
7999:Monoamine releasing agents
7557:Tricyclic antidepressants:
6833:Tricyclic antidepressants:
5902:Benzatropine (benztropine)
4328:N,N-Dimethylphenethylamine
890:
746:effect but also increased
680:
663:α-pyrrolidinopropiophenone
553:Methylenedioxypyrovalerone
406:Chemical and physical data
34:Methylenedioxypyrovalerone
7987:
7943:
7812:
7623:
7552:
7351:
7275:
7089:
7062:
6940:
6904:
6828:
6627:
6551:
6465:
6379:
6352:
6035:
5889:
5853:
5777:
5726:
5699:
5646:
5320:
5247:
5049:
5041:Phenylpiracetam hydrazide
5021:
4863:
4735:
4647:
4564:
3700:
3647:
3604:
3546:
3373:
3205:
3172:
3104:
3021:
2958:
2900:8-Cyclopentyltheophylline
2885:
2847:
2457:Wilson T (May 12, 2011).
1707:10.1016/j.bcp.2019.02.004
1525:Seeger E (October 1964).
1362:Drug Testing and Analysis
1077:Electroconvulsive therapy
911:In the UK, following the
882:
817:of the aromatic ring via
532:
507:
487:
475:
453:
440:
410:
405:
373:
353:
333:
313:
288:
259:
239:
234:
216:
204:
196:
94:
89:
62:
57:
48:
39:
7283:Atomoxetine (tomoxetine)
6559:Atomoxetine (tomoxetine)
3365:Phthalimidopropiophenone
1695:Biochemical Pharmacology
977:On October 17, 2011, an
921:Misuse of Drugs Act 1971
7661:mepyramine (pyrilamine)
4775:4-Methylmethylphenidate
4770:4-Fluoromethylphenidate
3879:β-Phenylmethamphetamine
3835:5-(2-Aminopropyl)indole
3770:4-Fluoromethamphetamine
3725:2-Fluoromethamphetamine
3330:Methylenedioxycathinone
1339:10.1001/jama.2012.34423
1214:Neuropsychopharmacology
7935:Vanoxerine (GBR-12909)
7782:pethidine (meperidine)
7037:pethidine (meperidine)
5825:Pethidine (meperidine)
5099:Dichloropane (RTI-111)
3904:3-Benzhydrylmorpholine
3874:β-Methylphenethylamine
3750:3-Fluoroethamphetamine
3735:2-Phenyl-3-aminobutane
2087:. September 26, 2012.
1049:hypertensive emergency
126:(Prohibited narcotics)
113:(Prohibited substance)
8019:Monoamine neurotoxins
7585:Dosulepin (dothiepin)
7132:Didesmethylcitalopram
6861:Dosulepin (dothiepin)
6538:Serdexmethylphenidate
5840:Serdexmethylphenidate
5214:Salicylmethylecgonine
4850:Serdexmethylphenidate
4574:3-Fluorophenmetrazine
4273:Dextromethamphetamine
4219:MDMA (midomafetamine)
3805:a-Ethylphenethylamine
3215:3-Fluoromethcathinone
2887:Adenosine antagonists
2375:Portland Press Herald
2028:Norrköpings Tidningar
1853:10.1556/OH.2011.29259
993:Documented fatalities
917:substituted cathinone
571:class that acts as a
7910:Methoxytetrabenazine
7875:Dihydrotetrabenazine
7689:Arylcyclohexylamines
6984:Arylcyclohexylamines
6135:Dizocilpine (MK-801)
6089:Chaenomeles speciosa
5790:Benocyclidine (BTCP)
5548:Naphthylaminopropane
5059:4-fluorotropacocaine
4145:5-Iodo-2-aminoindane
4140:4-Hydroxyamphetamine
3977:Dimethoxyamphetamine
3755:3-Methoxyamphetamine
3106:Arylcyclohexylamines
2905:8-Phenyltheophylline
2895:8-Chlorotheophylline
2148:on January 25, 2013.
1531:Boehringer Ingelheim
1226:10.1038/npp.2012.204
1045:emergency department
1007:emergency department
897:controlled substance
577:Boehringer Ingelheim
8080:Pyrrolidinophenones
7534:Threohydrobupropion
7399:Desmethylsertraline
7127:Desmethylcitalopram
6810:Threohydrobupropion
6675:Desmethylsertraline
6330:Threohydrobupropion
6105:Desmethylsertraline
4634:Pseudophenmetrazine
4446:Phenylpropanolamine
4366:-Norpseudoephedrine
4333:Naphthylamphetamine
4277:Levomethamphetamine
4204:MDA (tenamfetamine)
4046:Ethylnorepinephrine
3982:Dimethylamphetamine
3765:4-Fluoroamphetamine
3760:3-Methylamphetamine
3745:3-Fluoroamphetamine
3720:2-Fluoroamphetamine
2993:Levopropylhexedrine
1968:2010JMSp...45.1426M
1932:10.1021/jm00297a036
1889:2010RCMS...24.2706S
1034:general anaesthesia
1013:has been reported.
36:
7774:dextropropoxyphene
5800:Dexmethylphenidate
4824:Dexmethylphenidate
4810:Isopropylphenidate
4765:4-Benzylpiperidine
4750:2-Benzylpiperidine
4155:Indanylamphetamine
3250:4-Methylpentedrone
3235:4-Methylbuphedrone
2710:The Journal of ECT
1997:Baselt RC (2014).
1492:Toxicology Letters
1040:were ineffective.
1020:Overdose treatment
953:Rutgers University
943:MDPV is banned in
720:to re-administer.
559:, and also called
32:
8027:
8026:
8022:
7808:
7807:
7083:
7058:
7057:
6503:Levophacetoperane
6373:
6348:
6347:
6210:Levophacetoperane
5785:4-Fluoropethidine
5720:
5659:
5658:
5598:Rubidium chloride
5069:Altropane (IACFT)
4983:Indapyrophenidone
4805:Methylnaphthidate
4566:Phenylmorpholines
4486:Propylamphetamine
4365:
4177:
3966:
3854:Dextroamphetamine
3345:N-Ethylbuphedrone
3285:Dimethylcathinone
3240:4-Methylcathinone
2998:Methylhexaneamine
2805:Erowid MDPV Vault
2780:10.1021/jm050797a
2008:978-0-9626523-9-4
1808:10.1111/bph.13771
1802:(10): 1161–1173.
1641:Neuropharmacology
1577:. DEA. May 2013.
1447:Addiction Biology
1186:. August 10, 2018
1043:Treatment in the
1036:was used because
876:Western Australia
762:Long-term effects
550:
549:
466:Interactive image
375:CompTox Dashboard
181:
169:
157:
144:
133:
121:
108:
27:Chemical compound
16:(Redirected from
8092:
8075:Propyl compounds
7989:
7976:Antagonist-like:
7870:Deutetrabenazine
7820:
7816:
7760:MIN-117 (WF-516)
7725:Dextromethorphan
7097:6-Nitroquipazine
7087:
7086:
7081:
7077:
7072:
7070:
7066:
6493:Hydroxybupropion
6377:
6376:
6371:
6367:
6362:
6360:
6356:
6250:MIN-117 (WF-516)
6190:Hydroxybupropion
6130:Diphenylpyraline
5861:Diphenylprolinol
5724:
5723:
5718:
5714:
5709:
5707:
5703:
5686:
5679:
5672:
5663:
5662:
5079:CFT (WIN 35,428)
5064:4'-Fluorococaine
4928:Diphenylprolinol
4795:Ethylnaphthidate
4790:Diphenylpyraline
4426:Phenpromethamine
4363:
4298:Methoxyphenamine
4288:Methoxyphenamine
4189:Lisdexamfetamine
4175:
4089:Levofenfluramine
3964:
3924:Chlorphentermine
3657:4-Methylaminorex
3350:N-Ethylhexedrone
2834:
2827:
2820:
2811:
2810:
2801:
2791:
2760:
2759:
2742:
2741:
2705:
2699:
2698:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2651:
2645:
2638:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2619:
2599:
2593:
2592:
2590:
2588:
2583:on July 16, 2016
2579:. Archived from
2568:
2562:
2561:
2525:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2487:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2476:
2454:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2443:
2423:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2397:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2377:. July 7, 2011.
2367:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2350:
2343:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2326:
2324:
2304:
2298:
2297:
2295:
2293:
2271:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2244:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2185:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2171:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2138:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2116:Oikeusministeriö
2107:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2077:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2019:
2013:
2012:
1994:
1988:
1987:
1976:10.1002/jms.1859
1950:
1944:
1943:
1915:
1909:
1908:
1897:10.1002/rcm.4692
1871:
1865:
1864:
1836:
1830:
1829:
1819:
1787:
1781:
1780:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1718:
1689:
1683:
1682:
1664:
1635:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1618:
1611:
1603:
1594:
1593:
1591:
1589:
1583:
1575:Drugs of Concern
1572:
1568:"Report on MDPV"
1564:
1547:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1522:
1516:
1515:
1487:
1481:
1480:
1470:
1438:
1432:
1431:
1402:
1396:
1395:
1377:
1357:
1351:
1350:
1322:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1310:
1303:
1297:
1296:
1286:
1254:
1248:
1247:
1237:
1205:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1176:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1159:
1152:
1144:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1130:
1120:
958:On May 5, 2011,
752:social isolation
650:of the compound
636:MDPV is the 3,4-
546:
545:
538:
468:
448:
433:
430:
424:
418:
398:
397:
383:
381:
366:
346:
326:
306:
296:
295:
272:
179:
176:
167:
164:
155:
152:
143:
140:
132:
129:
119:
116:
106:
103:
53:
44:
37:
35:
31:
21:
8100:
8099:
8095:
8094:
8093:
8091:
8090:
8089:
8030:
8029:
8028:
8023:
7983:
7961:DAT modulators:
7939:
7840:methamphetamine
7818:
7804:
7715:Cyclobenzaprine
7657:diphenhydramine
7645:brompheniramine
7619:
7548:
7347:
7313:Levomilnacipran
7271:
7079:
7071:
7068:
7054:
6952:brompheniramine
6936:
6900:
6824:
6623:
6584:Levomilnacipran
6547:
6518:Methylphenidate
6461:
6369:
6361:
6358:
6344:
6031:
5885:
5849:
5820:Methylphenidate
5795:Desoxypipradrol
5773:
5716:
5708:
5705:
5695:
5690:
5660:
5655:
5642:
5543:Methiopropamine
5316:
5243:
5169:RTI-121 (IPCIT)
5045:
5036:Phenylpiracetam
5017:
4859:
4845:Propylphenidate
4820:Methylphenidate
4780:Desoxypipradrol
4731:
4643:
4619:Phendimetrazine
4560:
4536:Tranylcypromine
4491:Pseudoephedrine
4358:Normetanephrine
4353:Norfenfluramine
4269:Methamphetamine
4085:Dexfenfluramine
3858:Levoamphetamine
3840:2-Aminotetralin
3702:Phenethylamines
3696:
3643:
3600:
3542:
3369:
3310:Isoethcathinone
3201:
3168:
3100:
3017:
3008:Propylhexedrine
2954:
2881:
2843:
2838:
2754:
2751:
2746:
2745:
2706:
2702:
2663:
2659:
2649:
2647:
2643:
2636:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2617:
2615:
2600:
2596:
2586:
2584:
2569:
2565:
2526:
2522:
2512:
2510:
2489:
2488:
2484:
2474:
2472:
2464:Chicago Tribune
2455:
2451:
2441:
2439:
2424:
2420:
2410:
2408:
2399:
2398:
2394:
2384:
2382:
2369:
2368:
2364:
2354:
2352:
2348:
2341:
2337:
2336:
2332:
2322:
2320:
2305:
2301:
2291:
2289:
2272:
2268:
2258:
2256:
2245:
2241:
2231:
2229:
2212:
2208:
2198:
2196:
2187:
2186:
2179:
2169:
2167:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2125:
2123:
2108:
2104:
2094:
2092:
2079:
2078:
2074:
2064:
2062:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2038:
2036:
2021:
2020:
2016:
2009:
1995:
1991:
1962:(12): 1426–42.
1951:
1947:
1916:
1912:
1883:(18): 2706–14.
1872:
1868:
1837:
1833:
1788:
1784:
1744:
1740:
1690:
1686:
1636:
1632:
1622:
1620:
1616:
1609:
1605:
1604:
1597:
1587:
1585:
1581:
1570:
1566:
1565:
1550:
1540:
1538:
1523:
1519:
1488:
1484:
1439:
1435:
1403:
1399:
1384:10.1002/dta.204
1375:10.1.1.687.9467
1358:
1354:
1323:
1319:
1312:
1304:
1300:
1255:
1251:
1206:
1199:
1189:
1187:
1178:
1177:
1173:
1163:
1161:
1157:
1150:
1146:
1145:
1138:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1112:
1085:
1030:benzodiazepines
1022:
1003:Alton, Illinois
995:
929:
909:
893:
885:
868:
860:criminalization
852:appellate court
848:
839:
831:carboxylic acid
813:), followed by
775:MDPV undergoes
773:
764:
691:methylphenidate
683:
627:
605:
541:
539:
536:(what is this?)
533:
528:
525:
520:
515:
514:
503:
500:
495:
494:
482:Racemic mixture
471:
446:
436:
427:
421:
401:
377:
369:
349:
329:
309:
292:
284:
273:
255:
252:
247:
246:
198:Pharmacokinetic
192:
65:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8098:
8088:
8087:
8082:
8077:
8072:
8067:
8062:
8060:Designer drugs
8057:
8052:
8047:
8042:
8025:
8024:
7988:
7985:
7984:
7982:
7981:
7969:
7957:
7956:
7951:DAT enhancers:
7947:
7945:
7941:
7940:
7938:
7937:
7932:
7927:
7922:
7917:
7912:
7907:
7902:
7897:
7892:
7887:
7882:
7877:
7872:
7867:
7862:
7857:
7852:
7847:
7829:
7823:
7821:
7810:
7809:
7806:
7805:
7803:
7802:
7797:
7767:
7762:
7757:
7752:
7747:
7742:
7737:
7732:
7727:
7722:
7717:
7712:
7686:
7675:Antipsychotics
7672:
7669:tripelennamine
7653:dimenhydrinate
7649:chlorphenamine
7641:Antihistamines
7638:
7633:
7624:
7621:
7620:
7618:
7617:
7612:
7607:
7602:
7597:
7592:
7587:
7582:
7577:
7575:Cyanodothiepin
7572:
7567:
7562:
7553:
7550:
7549:
7547:
7546:
7536:
7531:
7526:
7521:
7516:
7511:
7506:
7501:
7496:
7491:
7486:
7481:
7476:
7471:
7466:
7461:
7456:
7451:
7446:
7441:
7436:
7431:
7426:
7421:
7416:
7411:
7406:
7401:
7396:
7391:
7386:
7381:
7376:
7371:
7366:
7361:
7352:
7349:
7348:
7346:
7345:
7340:
7335:
7330:
7325:
7320:
7315:
7310:
7305:
7300:
7298:Desvenlafaxine
7295:
7290:
7285:
7276:
7273:
7272:
7270:
7269:
7264:
7259:
7254:
7249:
7244:
7239:
7234:
7229:
7224:
7215:
7214:
7209:
7204:
7199:
7194:
7189:
7184:
7179:
7174:
7169:
7164:
7159:
7154:
7149:
7144:
7139:
7134:
7129:
7124:
7119:
7114:
7109:
7104:
7099:
7090:
7084:
7060:
7059:
7056:
7055:
7053:
7052:
7022:
7017:
7012:
7005:
7000:
6995:
6981:
6970:Antipsychotics
6967:
6964:tripelennamine
6956:chlorphenamine
6948:Antihistamines
6941:
6938:
6937:
6935:
6934:
6929:
6924:
6919:
6914:
6905:
6902:
6901:
6899:
6898:
6893:
6888:
6883:
6878:
6873:
6868:
6863:
6858:
6853:
6848:
6843:
6838:
6829:
6826:
6825:
6823:
6822:
6812:
6807:
6802:
6797:
6792:
6787:
6782:
6777:
6772:
6767:
6762:
6757:
6752:
6747:
6742:
6737:
6732:
6727:
6722:
6717:
6712:
6707:
6702:
6697:
6692:
6687:
6682:
6677:
6672:
6667:
6662:
6657:
6652:
6647:
6642:
6637:
6628:
6625:
6624:
6622:
6621:
6616:
6611:
6606:
6601:
6596:
6591:
6586:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6569:Desvenlafaxine
6566:
6561:
6552:
6549:
6548:
6546:
6545:
6540:
6535:
6530:
6525:
6520:
6515:
6510:
6505:
6500:
6495:
6490:
6485:
6480:
6475:
6466:
6463:
6462:
6460:
6459:
6454:
6449:
6444:
6439:
6434:
6429:
6424:
6419:
6414:
6409:
6404:
6399:
6394:
6389:
6380:
6374:
6350:
6349:
6346:
6345:
6343:
6342:
6337:
6335:Tripelennamine
6332:
6327:
6322:
6317:
6312:
6307:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6287:
6282:
6277:
6272:
6267:
6262:
6257:
6252:
6247:
6242:
6237:
6232:
6227:
6222:
6217:
6212:
6207:
6202:
6197:
6192:
6187:
6182:
6177:
6172:
6167:
6162:
6157:
6152:
6147:
6142:
6137:
6132:
6127:
6122:
6117:
6112:
6107:
6102:
6097:
6092:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6058:Amfonelic acid
6055:
6050:
6045:
6036:
6033:
6032:
6030:
6029:
6024:
6019:
6014:
6009:
6004:
5999:
5994:
5989:
5984:
5979:
5974:
5969:
5964:
5959:
5954:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5934:
5929:
5924:
5919:
5914:
5909:
5904:
5899:
5890:
5887:
5886:
5884:
5883:
5878:
5873:
5868:
5863:
5854:
5851:
5850:
5848:
5847:
5842:
5837:
5832:
5827:
5822:
5817:
5812:
5810:Ethylphenidate
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5778:
5775:
5774:
5772:
5771:
5766:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5727:
5721:
5697:
5696:
5689:
5688:
5681:
5674:
5666:
5657:
5656:
5647:
5644:
5643:
5641:
5640:
5635:
5630:
5625:
5620:
5615:
5610:
5605:
5600:
5595:
5590:
5585:
5580:
5575:
5570:
5565:
5560:
5555:
5550:
5545:
5540:
5538:Methastyridone
5535:
5533:Methamnetamine
5530:
5525:
5520:
5515:
5510:
5505:
5500:
5495:
5490:
5485:
5480:
5475:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5450:
5445:
5440:
5435:
5430:
5425:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5365:
5360:
5355:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5338:Amfonelic acid
5335:
5330:
5324:
5322:
5318:
5317:
5315:
5314:
5309:
5304:
5299:
5294:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5253:
5251:
5245:
5244:
5242:
5241:
5236:
5231:
5226:
5221:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5176:
5171:
5166:
5161:
5156:
5151:
5146:
5141:
5136:
5131:
5126:
5121:
5116:
5111:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5084:β-CIT (RTI-55)
5081:
5076:
5071:
5066:
5061:
5055:
5053:
5047:
5046:
5044:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5027:
5025:
5019:
5018:
5016:
5015:
5010:
5005:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4940:
4935:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4869:
4867:
4861:
4860:
4858:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4817:
4812:
4807:
4802:
4800:Ethylphenidate
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4741:
4739:
4733:
4732:
4730:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4653:
4651:
4645:
4644:
4642:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4570:
4568:
4562:
4561:
4559:
4558:
4553:
4548:
4543:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4505:Levosalbutamol
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4343:Norepinephrine
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4266:
4261:
4256:
4251:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4201:
4196:
4191:
4186:
4181:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4051:Etilamfetamine
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3974:
3969:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3706:
3704:
3698:
3697:
3695:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3653:
3651:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3641:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3610:
3608:
3602:
3601:
3599:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3552:
3550:
3544:
3543:
3541:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3379:
3377:
3371:
3370:
3368:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3211:
3209:
3203:
3202:
3200:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3178:
3176:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3119:Dieticyclidine
3116:
3110:
3108:
3102:
3101:
3099:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3027:
3025:
3019:
3018:
3016:
3015:
3013:Tuaminoheptane
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2968:Cyclopentamine
2964:
2962:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2930:Istradefylline
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2891:
2889:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2853:
2851:
2845:
2844:
2837:
2836:
2829:
2822:
2814:
2808:
2807:
2802:
2774:(4): 1420–32.
2750:
2749:External links
2747:
2744:
2743:
2700:
2657:
2625:
2608:New York Times
2594:
2563:
2536:(19): 1533–4.
2520:
2482:
2449:
2418:
2392:
2362:
2330:
2299:
2266:
2239:
2206:
2177:
2151:
2133:
2118:(in Finnish).
2102:
2072:
2046:
2014:
2007:
1989:
1945:
1926:(3): 497–503.
1910:
1866:
1847:(50): 2010–9.
1841:Orvosi Hetilap
1831:
1782:
1738:
1684:
1630:
1595:
1548:
1517:
1482:
1433:
1397:
1352:
1333:(23): 2445–7.
1317:
1298:
1249:
1197:
1171:
1136:
1114:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1084:
1081:
1021:
1018:
994:
991:
928:
925:
908:
907:United Kingdom
905:
892:
889:
884:
881:
867:
864:
847:
844:
838:
835:
796:methylcatechol
772:
769:
763:
760:
682:
679:
638:methylenedioxy
626:
623:
604:
601:
548:
547:
530:
529:
527:
526:
523:
521:
518:
510:
509:
508:
505:
504:
502:
501:
498:
490:
489:
488:
485:
484:
479:
473:
472:
470:
469:
461:
459:
451:
450:
444:
438:
437:
434:
425:
419:
414:
408:
407:
403:
402:
400:
399:
391:DTXSID90897461
386:
384:
371:
370:
368:
367:
359:
357:
351:
350:
348:
347:
339:
337:
331:
330:
328:
327:
319:
317:
311:
310:
308:
307:
299:
297:
286:
285:
283:
282:
265:
263:
257:
256:
254:
253:
250:
242:
241:
240:
237:
236:
232:
231:
220:
214:
213:
208:
202:
201:
194:
193:
191:
190:
186:
174:
162:
150:
138:
127:
114:
100:
98:
92:
91:
87:
86:
85:, vaporization
68:
66:administration
60:
59:
55:
54:
46:
45:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8097:
8086:
8083:
8081:
8078:
8076:
8073:
8071:
8068:
8066:
8063:
8061:
8058:
8056:
8053:
8051:
8050:Benzodioxoles
8048:
8046:
8043:
8041:
8038:
8037:
8035:
8021:
8020:
8016:
8012:
8011:Serotonergics
8008:
8007:Dopaminergics
8004:
8000:
7996:
7993:
7986:
7980:
7977:
7973:
7970:
7968:
7965:
7964:Agonist-like:
7962:
7959:
7958:
7955:
7952:
7949:
7948:
7946:
7942:
7936:
7933:
7931:
7928:
7926:
7925:Tetrabenazine
7923:
7921:
7918:
7916:
7913:
7911:
7908:
7906:
7903:
7901:
7898:
7896:
7893:
7891:
7888:
7886:
7883:
7881:
7878:
7876:
7873:
7871:
7868:
7866:
7863:
7861:
7858:
7856:
7853:
7851:
7848:
7845:
7841:
7837:
7833:
7830:
7828:
7825:
7824:
7822:
7817:
7811:
7801:
7798:
7795:
7791:
7787:
7783:
7779:
7775:
7771:
7768:
7766:
7763:
7761:
7758:
7756:
7753:
7751:
7748:
7746:
7743:
7741:
7738:
7736:
7733:
7731:
7728:
7726:
7723:
7721:
7718:
7716:
7713:
7710:
7709:phencyclidine
7706:
7705:methoxetamine
7702:
7698:
7694:
7690:
7687:
7684:
7680:
7676:
7673:
7670:
7666:
7662:
7658:
7654:
7650:
7646:
7642:
7639:
7637:
7634:
7632:
7629:
7626:
7625:
7622:
7616:
7615:Protriptyline
7613:
7611:
7608:
7606:
7605:Nortriptyline
7603:
7601:
7598:
7596:
7593:
7591:
7588:
7586:
7583:
7581:
7578:
7576:
7573:
7571:
7568:
7566:
7563:
7561:
7560:Amitriptyline
7558:
7555:
7554:
7551:
7544:
7540:
7537:
7535:
7532:
7530:
7527:
7525:
7524:Tedatioxetine
7522:
7520:
7517:
7515:
7512:
7510:
7507:
7505:
7502:
7500:
7497:
7495:
7492:
7490:
7487:
7485:
7482:
7480:
7477:
7475:
7472:
7470:
7467:
7465:
7462:
7460:
7457:
7455:
7452:
7450:
7447:
7445:
7442:
7440:
7437:
7435:
7432:
7430:
7427:
7425:
7422:
7420:
7417:
7415:
7412:
7410:
7407:
7405:
7402:
7400:
7397:
7395:
7392:
7390:
7387:
7385:
7384:Centanafadine
7382:
7380:
7377:
7375:
7372:
7370:
7367:
7365:
7362:
7360:
7357:
7354:
7353:
7350:
7344:
7341:
7339:
7336:
7334:
7331:
7329:
7328:N-Methyl-PPPA
7326:
7324:
7321:
7319:
7316:
7314:
7311:
7309:
7306:
7304:
7301:
7299:
7296:
7294:
7291:
7289:
7286:
7284:
7281:
7278:
7277:
7274:
7268:
7265:
7263:
7260:
7258:
7255:
7253:
7250:
7248:
7245:
7243:
7240:
7238:
7235:
7233:
7230:
7228:
7225:
7223:
7220:
7217:
7216:
7213:
7210:
7208:
7205:
7203:
7200:
7198:
7195:
7193:
7190:
7188:
7185:
7183:
7180:
7178:
7175:
7173:
7170:
7168:
7167:Norfluoxetine
7165:
7163:
7160:
7158:
7155:
7153:
7150:
7148:
7145:
7143:
7140:
7138:
7135:
7133:
7130:
7128:
7125:
7123:
7120:
7118:
7115:
7113:
7110:
7108:
7107:Centpropazine
7105:
7103:
7100:
7098:
7095:
7092:
7091:
7088:
7085:
7078:
7067:
7061:
7050:
7046:
7042:
7038:
7034:
7030:
7029:desmetramadol
7026:
7023:
7021:
7018:
7016:
7013:
7011:
7010:
7009:Ginkgo biloba
7006:
7004:
7001:
6999:
6996:
6993:
6992:phencyclidine
6989:
6985:
6982:
6979:
6975:
6971:
6968:
6965:
6961:
6957:
6953:
6949:
6946:
6943:
6942:
6939:
6933:
6930:
6928:
6925:
6923:
6920:
6918:
6915:
6913:
6910:
6907:
6906:
6903:
6897:
6894:
6892:
6891:Protriptyline
6889:
6887:
6886:Nortriptyline
6884:
6882:
6879:
6877:
6874:
6872:
6869:
6867:
6864:
6862:
6859:
6857:
6854:
6852:
6849:
6847:
6844:
6842:
6839:
6837:
6836:Amitriptyline
6834:
6831:
6830:
6827:
6820:
6816:
6813:
6811:
6808:
6806:
6803:
6801:
6800:Tedatioxetine
6798:
6796:
6793:
6791:
6788:
6786:
6783:
6781:
6778:
6776:
6773:
6771:
6768:
6766:
6763:
6761:
6758:
6756:
6753:
6751:
6748:
6746:
6743:
6741:
6738:
6736:
6733:
6731:
6728:
6726:
6723:
6721:
6718:
6716:
6713:
6711:
6708:
6706:
6703:
6701:
6698:
6696:
6693:
6691:
6688:
6686:
6683:
6681:
6678:
6676:
6673:
6671:
6668:
6666:
6663:
6661:
6660:Centanafadine
6658:
6656:
6653:
6651:
6648:
6646:
6643:
6641:
6638:
6636:
6633:
6630:
6629:
6626:
6620:
6617:
6615:
6612:
6610:
6607:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6599:N-Methyl-PPPA
6597:
6595:
6592:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6570:
6567:
6565:
6562:
6560:
6557:
6554:
6553:
6550:
6544:
6541:
6539:
6536:
6534:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6516:
6514:
6511:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6501:
6499:
6496:
6494:
6491:
6489:
6486:
6484:
6481:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6471:
6468:
6467:
6464:
6458:
6455:
6453:
6450:
6448:
6445:
6443:
6440:
6438:
6435:
6433:
6430:
6428:
6425:
6423:
6420:
6418:
6415:
6413:
6410:
6408:
6405:
6403:
6400:
6398:
6395:
6393:
6390:
6388:
6385:
6382:
6381:
6378:
6375:
6368:
6357:
6351:
6341:
6338:
6336:
6333:
6331:
6328:
6326:
6325:Tedatioxetine
6323:
6321:
6318:
6316:
6313:
6311:
6308:
6306:
6303:
6301:
6298:
6296:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6283:
6281:
6278:
6276:
6273:
6271:
6268:
6266:
6263:
6261:
6258:
6256:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6246:
6243:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6228:
6226:
6223:
6221:
6218:
6216:
6213:
6211:
6208:
6206:
6203:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6193:
6191:
6188:
6186:
6183:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6173:
6171:
6168:
6166:
6163:
6161:
6158:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6148:
6146:
6143:
6141:
6138:
6136:
6133:
6131:
6128:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6113:
6111:
6108:
6106:
6103:
6101:
6098:
6096:
6093:
6091:
6090:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6038:
6037:
6034:
6028:
6025:
6023:
6020:
6018:
6015:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5998:
5995:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5948:
5947:Ioflupane (I)
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5898:
5895:
5892:
5891:
5888:
5882:
5879:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5864:
5862:
5859:
5858:Pyrrolidines:
5856:
5855:
5852:
5846:
5845:Tenocyclidine
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5831:
5830:Phencyclidine
5828:
5826:
5823:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5783:
5780:
5779:
5776:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5762:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5737:
5735:
5732:
5729:
5728:
5725:
5722:
5715:
5704:
5698:
5694:
5687:
5682:
5680:
5675:
5673:
5668:
5667:
5664:
5654:
5650:
5645:
5639:
5636:
5634:
5631:
5629:
5626:
5624:
5621:
5619:
5618:Thiopropamine
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5584:
5581:
5579:
5576:
5574:
5571:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5518:Meclofenoxate
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5479:
5476:
5474:
5471:
5469:
5468:Hexacyclonate
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
5426:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5383:Centanafadine
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5325:
5323:
5319:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5254:
5252:
5250:
5246:
5240:
5237:
5235:
5232:
5230:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5175:
5172:
5170:
5167:
5165:
5162:
5160:
5157:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5137:
5135:
5132:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5119:Ioflupane (I)
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5070:
5067:
5065:
5062:
5060:
5057:
5056:
5054:
5052:
5048:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5028:
5026:
5024:
5020:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4999:
4996:
4994:
4991:
4989:
4986:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4870:
4868:
4866:
4862:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4835:Phacetoperane
4833:
4831:
4828:
4825:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4813:
4811:
4808:
4806:
4803:
4801:
4798:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4742:
4740:
4738:
4734:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4663:
4660:
4658:
4655:
4654:
4652:
4650:
4646:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4624:Phenmetrazine
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4571:
4569:
4567:
4563:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4551:Xylopropamine
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4526:Theodrenaline
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4506:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4441:Phenylephrine
4439:
4437:
4436:Phenylalanine
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4376:Orciprenaline
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4278:
4274:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4249:Mephentermine
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4185:
4182:
4179:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4090:
4086:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4001:
3997:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3889:Benzphetamine
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3859:
3855:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3830:2-Aminoindane
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3707:
3705:
3703:
3699:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3654:
3652:
3650:
3646:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3611:
3609:
3607:
3603:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3553:
3551:
3549:
3545:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3378:
3376:
3372:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3320:Methcathinone
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3212:
3210:
3208:
3204:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3179:
3177:
3175:
3171:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3159:Tenocyclidine
3157:
3155:
3154:Rolicyclidine
3152:
3150:
3149:Phencyclidine
3147:
3145:
3144:Phencyclamine
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3114:Benocyclidine
3112:
3111:
3109:
3107:
3103:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3028:
3026:
3024:
3020:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2988:Isometheptene
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2961:
2957:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2910:Aminophylline
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2888:
2884:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2835:
2830:
2828:
2823:
2821:
2816:
2815:
2812:
2806:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2765:
2758:
2753:
2752:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2704:
2696:
2692:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2661:
2642:
2635:
2629:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2598:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2567:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2524:
2513:September 10,
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2486:
2470:
2466:
2465:
2460:
2453:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2422:
2406:
2402:
2396:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2366:
2347:
2340:
2334:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2303:
2287:
2283:
2282:
2277:
2270:
2254:
2250:
2243:
2227:
2223:
2222:
2217:
2210:
2194:
2190:
2184:
2182:
2165:
2161:
2155:
2147:
2143:
2137:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2106:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2076:
2060:
2056:
2050:
2034:
2030:
2029:
2024:
2018:
2010:
2004:
2000:
1993:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1949:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1914:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1882:
1878:
1870:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1835:
1827:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1793:
1786:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1742:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1717:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1688:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1634:
1615:
1608:
1602:
1600:
1580:
1576:
1569:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1521:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1486:
1478:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1453:(2): 165–74.
1452:
1448:
1444:
1437:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1401:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1368:(9): 569–75.
1367:
1363:
1356:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1321:
1308:
1302:
1294:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1269:(2): 458–70.
1268:
1264:
1260:
1253:
1245:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1220:(4): 552–62.
1219:
1215:
1211:
1204:
1202:
1185:
1181:
1175:
1156:
1149:
1143:
1141:
1125:
1119:
1115:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1086:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1073:beta blockers
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1041:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
990:
988:
983:
980:
975:
973:
968:
965:
961:
956:
954:
950:
946:
941:
937:
934:
927:United States
924:
922:
918:
915:'s report on
914:
904:
902:
898:
888:
880:
877:
873:
863:
861:
857:
853:
843:
834:
832:
828:
824:
823:Hydroxylation
820:
816:
812:
807:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
778:
768:
759:
755:
753:
749:
745:
740:
738:
734:
730:
726:
721:
719:
715:
711:
710:panic attacks
707:
703:
698:
696:
692:
688:
678:
676:
672:
668:
664:
659:
657:
653:
649:
646:
642:
639:
634:
632:
622:
620:
615:
610:
600:
598:
594:
590:
586:
585:designer drug
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
555:(abbreviated
554:
544:
537:
531:
522:
517:
516:
513:
506:
497:
496:
493:
486:
483:
480:
478:
474:
467:
463:
462:
460:
457:
452:
445:
443:
439:
415:
413:
409:
404:
396:
392:
388:
387:
385:
376:
372:
365:
361:
360:
358:
356:
352:
345:
341:
340:
338:
336:
332:
325:
321:
320:
318:
316:
312:
305:
301:
300:
298:
291:
287:
280:
276:
271:
267:
266:
264:
262:
258:
249:
248:
245:
238:
233:
229:
225:
221:
219:
215:
212:
209:
207:
203:
199:
195:
187:
185:
175:
173:
163:
161:
151:
148:
139:
137:
128:
125:
115:
112:
102:
101:
99:
97:
93:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
69:
67:
61:
58:Clinical data
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
30:
19:
7991:
7990:
7975:
7963:
7960:
7950:
7860:Bietaserpine
7832:Amphetamines
7755:Mifepristone
7745:Medifoxamine
7627:
7570:Clomipramine
7565:Cianopramine
7556:
7409:Diclofensine
7379:Brasofensine
7355:
7279:
7267:Vortioxetine
7218:
7137:Escitalopram
7093:
7015:Indeloxazine
7007:
6944:
6927:Oxaprotiline
6908:
6896:Trimipramine
6851:Clomipramine
6846:Cianopramine
6841:Butriptyline
6832:
6685:Diclofensine
6655:Brasofensine
6631:
6555:
6543:Solriamfetol
6469:
6452:Teniloxazine
6412:Esreboxetine
6383:
6315:Solriamfetol
6235:Medifoxamine
6125:Dimethocaine
6115:Diclofensine
6087:
6039:
5927:Difluoropine
5922:Dichloropane
5907:Brasofensine
5893:
5881:Pyrovalerone
5865:
5857:
5782:Piperidines:
5781:
5731:Piperazines:
5730:
5573:Oxaprotiline
5523:Medifoxamine
5443:Fenpentadiol
5423:Dimethocaine
5418:Diclofensine
5398:Cropropamide
5393:Clofenciclan
5348:Amiphenazole
5302:7-Methyl-αET
5297:6-Fluoro-αMT
5277:5-Fluoro-αMT
5272:5-Chloro-αMT
5267:4-Methyl-αMT
5262:4-Methyl-αET
5104:Difluoropine
5089:Cocaethylene
5074:Brasofensine
5013:Pyrovalerone
4987:
4865:Pyrrolidines
4584:Fenmetramide
4579:Fenbutrazate
4556:Zylofuramine
4516:Solriamfetol
4348:Norfenefrine
4254:Metanephrine
4180:(Selegiline)
4170:Isoprenaline
4100:Feprosidnine
4081:Fenfluramine
4076:Fenethylline
4061:Famprofazone
3934:Cinnamedrine
3864:Amphetaminil
3815:Amfepentorex
3493:Sazetidine A
3458:Ispronicline
3423:Bradanicline
3375:Cholinergics
3290:Ethcathinone
3174:Benzazepines
3129:Eticyclidine
2950:Theophylline
2935:Paraxanthine
2771:
2767:
2716:(4): 59–60.
2713:
2709:
2703:
2673:(6): 616–7.
2670:
2666:
2660:
2648:. Retrieved
2628:
2618:February 27,
2616:. Retrieved
2607:
2597:
2585:. Retrieved
2581:the original
2576:
2566:
2533:
2529:
2523:
2511:. Retrieved
2494:
2485:
2473:. Retrieved
2462:
2452:
2440:. Retrieved
2431:
2421:
2409:. Retrieved
2395:
2383:. Retrieved
2374:
2365:
2353:. Retrieved
2333:
2321:. Retrieved
2312:
2302:
2290:. Retrieved
2281:Daily Targum
2279:
2269:
2257:. Retrieved
2242:
2230:. Retrieved
2219:
2209:
2197:. Retrieved
2170:November 19,
2168:. Retrieved
2154:
2146:the original
2136:
2124:. Retrieved
2115:
2105:
2093:. Retrieved
2084:
2075:
2063:. Retrieved
2049:
2037:. Retrieved
2026:
2017:
1998:
1992:
1959:
1955:
1948:
1923:
1919:
1913:
1880:
1876:
1869:
1844:
1840:
1834:
1799:
1795:
1785:
1752:
1748:
1741:
1698:
1694:
1687:
1644:
1640:
1633:
1621:. Retrieved
1586:. Retrieved
1574:
1539:. Retrieved
1530:
1520:
1495:
1491:
1485:
1450:
1446:
1436:
1414:(1–3): 1–8.
1411:
1407:
1400:
1365:
1361:
1355:
1330:
1326:
1320:
1301:
1266:
1262:
1252:
1217:
1213:
1188:. Retrieved
1183:
1174:
1162:. Retrieved
1127:. Retrieved
1118:
1042:
1023:
1015:
996:
984:
976:
969:
957:
949:Pamela's Law
942:
938:
930:
910:
894:
886:
869:
849:
840:
808:
774:
765:
756:
741:
725:insufflation
722:
706:hypertension
699:
695:amphetamines
684:
673:(MDPPP) and
660:
652:pyrovalerone
635:
628:
625:Pharmacology
606:
560:
556:
552:
551:
540:
534:
96:Legal status
90:Legal status
75:insufflation
29:
8065:Euphoriants
8045:Anxiogenics
8003:Adrenergics
7930:Valbenazine
7920:Rose bengal
7865:Deserpidine
7836:amphetamine
7786:levorphanol
7730:Dextrorphan
7683:ziprasidone
7665:pheniramine
7600:Lofepramine
7580:Desipramine
7529:Tesofensine
7519:Sibutramine
7494:Perafensine
7454:JNJ-7925476
7449:Indatraline
7394:Dasotraline
7364:Amifitadine
7343:Venlafaxine
7323:Milnacipran
7222:Etoperidone
7202:Seproxetine
7192:Pirandamine
7172:Omiloxetine
7152:Fluvoxamine
7112:Cericlamine
7102:Alaproclate
7049:levorphanol
6978:ziprasidone
6960:pheniramine
6932:Setiptiline
6917:Maprotiline
6876:Lofepramine
6856:Desipramine
6805:Tesofensine
6795:Sibutramine
6770:Perafensine
6730:JNJ-7925476
6725:Indatraline
6670:Dasotraline
6640:Amifitadine
6619:Venlafaxine
6594:Milnacipran
6523:Nomifensine
6488:Fencamfamin
6417:Lortalamine
6407:Edivoxetine
6397:Ciclazindol
6392:Alseroxylon
6340:Venlafaxine
6320:Tametraline
6310:Sibutramine
6285:Perafensine
6265:Nomifensine
6195:Indatraline
6170:Fencamfamin
6145:DOV-216,303
6140:DOV-102,677
6100:Dasotraline
6095:Ciclazindol
6053:Armodafinil
6048:Amifitadine
5997:Tesofensine
5805:Difemetorex
5623:Thiothinone
5608:Tametraline
5593:Rauwolscine
5563:Nomifensine
5558:Nikethamide
5503:Lomevactone
5488:JNJ-7925476
5483:Indatraline
5458:GSK1360707F
5413:Desipramine
5403:Crotetamide
5388:Ciclazindol
5368:Benzydamine
5358:Atomoxetine
5353:Atipamezole
5249:Tryptamines
5219:Tesofensine
4785:Difemetorex
4737:Piperidines
4649:Piperazines
4511:Sibutramine
4481:Prenylamine
4431:Phentermine
4386:Oxifentorex
4283:Methoxamine
4259:Metaraminol
4095:Fenproporex
4066:Fencamfamin
4031:Epinephrine
3954:Clortermine
3944:Clobenzorex
3939:Clenbuterol
3914:Camfetamine
3850:Amphetamine
3820:Amidephrine
3692:Thozalinone
3672:Cyclazodone
3619:Armodafinil
3581:Pentetrazol
3561:Bicuculline
3548:Convulsants
3538:WAY-317,538
3533:Varenicline
3523:Tebanicline
3503:SSR-180,711
3488:Rivanicline
3483:Pozanicline
3478:PNU-282,987
3473:PNU-120,596
3468:PHA-543,613
3448:Epiboxidine
3443:Epibatidine
3408:Altinicline
3300:Flephedrone
3255:Amfepramone
3134:Gacyclidine
2978:Cyprodenate
2960:Alkylamines
2945:Theobromine
2877:Rimantadine
2849:Adamantanes
2411:January 11,
2323:January 27,
2126:January 25,
1716:2445/130480
1662:2445/148191
1647:: 271–281.
1498:(1): 12–5.
1129:January 22,
1069:haloperidol
1053:tachycardia
1026:anxiolytics
999:hypothermia
964:Bill Haslam
815:methylation
800:pyrrolidine
737:intravenous
702:tachycardia
669:(M-α-PPP),
645:substituted
631:medical use
614:pyrrolidine
609:hygroscopic
561:monkey dust
449: g·mol
270:687603-66-3
235:Identifiers
79:intravenous
8085:Stimulants
8055:Cathinones
8040:Anorectics
8034:Categories
7979:SoRI-20041
7972:SoRI-20040
7900:Ketanserin
7827:Amiodarone
7790:tapentadol
7750:Mesembrine
7720:Delucemine
7697:esketamine
7610:Pipofezine
7595:Imipramine
7514:SEP-228432
7509:SEP-228431
7479:Nefazodone
7464:Liafensine
7434:Fezolamine
7424:DOV-216303
7419:DOV-102677
7374:Bicifadine
7369:Ansofaxine
7308:Eclanamine
7303:Duloxetine
7288:Bicifadine
7262:Vilazodone
7232:Lubazodone
7227:Litoxetine
7212:Zimelidine
7207:Sertraline
7182:Paroxetine
7177:Panuramine
7147:Fluoxetine
7142:Femoxetine
7122:Dapoxetine
7117:Citalopram
7041:tapentadol
7020:Nefazodone
7003:Ephenidine
6998:Dopexamine
6881:Melitracen
6871:Imipramine
6790:SEP-228432
6785:SEP-228431
6755:Nefazodone
6740:Liafensine
6710:Fezolamine
6700:DOV-216303
6695:DOV-102677
6650:Bicifadine
6645:Ansofaxine
6604:Nafenodone
6579:Eclanamine
6574:Duloxetine
6533:Radafaxine
6513:Manifaxine
6498:Lefetamine
6473:Amineptine
6457:Viloxazine
6432:Reboxetine
6427:Nisoxetine
6305:Sertraline
6295:Radafaxine
6280:Oroxylin A
6225:Manifaxine
6215:Liafensine
6205:Lefetamine
6185:GYKI-52895
6175:Fezolamine
6160:Esketamine
6155:Ephenidine
6078:BTS 74,398
6068:Ansofaxine
6063:Amineptine
5942:FP-β-CPPIT
5937:FE-β-CPPIT
5876:Prolintane
5769:Vanoxerine
5764:Nefazodone
5603:Setazindol
5588:Rasagiline
5578:PNU-99,194
5528:Mefexamide
5498:Leptacline
5493:Lazabemide
5463:GYKI-52895
5453:Gilutensin
5378:BTS 74,398
5343:Amineptine
5292:5-MeO-DIPT
5124:Norcocaine
5114:FP-β-CPPIT
5109:FE-β-CPPIT
5031:Oxiracetam
5008:Prolintane
4727:Vanoxerine
4639:Radafaxine
4614:PD-128,907
4609:Oxaflozane
4594:Manifaxine
4521:Synephrine
4501:Salbutamol
4496:Ropinirole
4451:Pholedrine
4391:Oxilofrine
4381:Ortetamine
4371:Octopamine
4338:Nisoxetine
4194:Lophophine
4184:Lefetamine
4165:Isoetarine
4160:Iofetamine
4125:Hexapradol
4115:Furfenorex
4110:Formetorex
4056:Etilefrine
4041:Etafedrine
4011:Dopexamine
3996:Dextrodopa
3987:Dobutamine
3972:Denopamine
3959:Cypenamine
3929:Cilobamine
3884:Benfluorex
3869:Arbutamine
3810:Amfecloral
3800:Alfetamine
3682:Fluminorex
3677:Fenozolone
3667:Clominorex
3649:Oxazolines
3629:CRL-40,941
3624:CRL-40,940
3591:Strychnine
3586:Picrotoxin
3556:Anatoxin-a
3438:Dianicline
3355:Pentedrone
3325:Methedrone
3315:Mephedrone
3265:Buphedrone
3260:Benzedrone
3207:Cathinones
3164:Tiletamine
3124:Esketamine
3066:LY-503,430
3061:LY-404,187
2983:Heptaminol
2973:Cypenamine
2925:Dimethazan
2867:Bromantane
2862:Amantadine
2857:Adapromine
2841:Stimulants
1755:: 109876.
1307:US 3478050
1190:August 17,
1110:References
1028:, such as
1011:hemiplegia
945:New Jersey
771:Metabolism
748:aggressive
744:anxiogenic
603:Appearance
589:bath salts
454:3D model (
442:Molar mass
344:E7LD6JMR0L
315:ChemSpider
275:24622-62-6
261:CAS Number
244:IUPAC name
222:Primarily
206:Metabolism
172:Schedule I
136:Schedule I
7992:See also:
7967:SoRI-9804
7915:Reserpine
7885:GBR-12935
7880:Efavirenz
7800:Roxindole
7778:methadone
7765:N-Me-5-HT
7735:Efavirenz
7693:3-MeO-PCP
7636:Amoxapine
7504:Pridefine
7474:Naphyrone
7338:Tofenacin
7257:Trazodone
7247:SB-649915
7242:Quipazine
7237:LY-393558
7162:Ifoxetine
7157:Indalpine
7033:methadone
6922:Mianserin
6912:Amoxapine
6780:Pridefine
6750:Naphyrone
6614:Tofenacin
6564:CP-39,332
6483:Fencamine
6478:Bupropion
6447:Tandamine
6442:Talsupram
6402:Daledalin
6300:Rimcazole
6290:Pridefine
6255:Modafinil
6180:Fluorenol
6150:Efavirenz
6083:Bupropion
6043:Adrafinil
6007:Tropoxane
5897:Altropane
5894:Tropanes:
5871:Naphyrone
5835:Pipradrol
5754:GBR-13098
5749:GBR-13069
5744:GBR-12935
5739:GBR-12783
5638:Yohimbine
5613:Tandamine
5583:PRC200-SS
5478:Indanorex
5448:Gamfexine
5438:Fenisorex
5363:Bemegride
5287:5-MeO-αMT
5282:5-MeO-αET
5229:Tropoxane
5003:Picilorex
4993:Naphyrone
4840:Pipradrol
4702:GBR-13119
4697:GBR-13098
4692:GBR-13069
4687:GBR-12935
4682:GBR-12783
4421:Phenatine
4244:Mefenorex
4178:-Deprenyl
4150:Ibopamine
4135:Hordenine
4120:Gepefrine
4071:Fencamine
4026:Ephedrine
4016:Droxidopa
3967:-Deprenyl
3845:Acridorex
3639:Modafinil
3634:Fluorenol
3614:Adrafinil
3606:Eugeroics
3571:Flurothyl
3498:SIB-1553A
3418:Arecoline
3413:Anabasine
3403:AR-R17779
3388:A-366,833
3360:Pentylone
3340:Mexedrone
3335:Methylone
3305:Hexedrone
3280:Cathinone
3270:Bupropion
3197:SKF-82958
3192:SKF-81297
3187:SKF-77434
3091:Sunifiram
3076:Org 26576
3071:Nooglutyl
3023:Ampakines
3003:Octodrine
2940:SCH-58261
2920:CGS-15943
2872:Memantine
2695:207428569
2530:Neurology
1777:210896469
1701:: 84–93.
1370:CiteSeerX
1065:lorazepam
1057:agitation
1038:sedatives
962:Governor
960:Tennessee
866:Australia
714:psychosis
677:(α-PVP).
665:(α-PPP),
656:anorectic
581:serotonin
569:cathinone
565:stimulant
477:Chirality
218:Excretion
147:Anlage II
64:Routes of
7954:Luteolin
7905:Lobeline
7895:Ibogaine
7794:tramadol
7740:Hypidone
7701:ketamine
7679:loxapine
7539:Tropanes
7469:Mazindol
7459:JZ-IV-10
7293:CP-39332
7252:TGBA01AD
7045:tramadol
6988:ketamine
6974:loxapine
6815:Tropanes
6745:Mazindol
6735:JZ-IV-10
6437:Talopram
6422:Mazindol
6387:Amedalin
6245:Metaphit
6240:Mesocarb
6230:Mazindol
6200:Ketamine
6002:Troparil
5759:JJC8-088
5649:ATC code
5513:Mazindol
5473:Idazoxan
5433:Etamivan
5428:Efaroxan
5257:4-HO-αMT
5051:Tropanes
5023:Racetams
4878:4-Cl-PVP
4855:SCH-5472
4815:JZ-IV-10
4707:JJC8-088
4657:2C-B-BZP
4604:Morforex
4599:Morazone
4546:Tyrosine
4541:Tyramine
4531:Tiflorex
4416:Pentorex
4318:Morforex
4264:Mesocarb
4105:Fludorex
4006:Dopamine
4000:Levodopa
3949:Cloforex
3730:2-OH-PEA
3687:Pemoline
3662:Aminorex
3576:Gabazine
3463:Nicotine
3433:Cytisine
3428:Cotinine
3383:A-84,543
3295:Ethylone
3275:Butylone
3220:3,4-DMMC
3182:6-Br-APB
3139:Ketamine
3096:Unifiram
2915:Caffeine
2798:16480278
2738:45842375
2730:23609518
2687:22783894
2650:June 27,
2641:Archived
2612:Archived
2587:June 27,
2577:NBC News
2558:22029215
2550:22539576
2507:Archived
2503:21597456
2475:June 27,
2469:Archived
2442:June 28,
2436:Archived
2432:ABC News
2405:Archived
2385:June 27,
2379:Archived
2355:June 27,
2346:Archived
2317:Archived
2292:June 27,
2286:Archived
2259:June 27,
2253:Archived
2232:April 2,
2226:Archived
2199:June 27,
2193:Archived
2164:Archived
2120:Archived
2095:June 27,
2089:Archived
2085:CBC News
2065:June 27,
2059:Archived
2039:June 27,
2033:Archived
1984:21053377
1905:20814976
1861:22112374
1826:28262947
1769:31991149
1733:73433868
1725:30738029
1679:53208116
1671:30321610
1623:June 27,
1614:Archived
1588:June 27,
1579:Archived
1541:June 27,
1535:Archived
1512:22008731
1477:22784198
1428:19500924
1392:21960541
1347:23288310
1293:22897747
1244:23072836
1184:Newsweek
1164:June 27,
1155:Archived
1083:See also
1061:seizures
846:Legality
718:cravings
543:(verify)
324:16788110
304:20111961
189:Ukraine.
124:Class F1
7890:GZ-793A
7834:(e.g.,
7772:(e.g.,
7770:Opioids
7691:(e.g.,
7677:(e.g.,
7643:(e.g.,
7631:A-80426
7628:Others:
7590:Doxepin
7543:cocaine
7541:(e.g.,
7489:NS-2359
7484:Nefopam
7439:HDMP-28
7429:EXP-561
7389:Cocaine
7318:McN5652
7197:RTI-353
7027:(e.g.,
7025:Opioids
6986:(e.g.,
6972:(e.g.,
6950:(e.g.,
6945:Others:
6866:Doxepin
6819:cocaine
6817:(e.g.,
6765:NS-2359
6760:Nefopam
6715:HDMP-28
6705:EXP-561
6665:Cocaine
6589:McN5652
6508:LR-5182
6270:NS-2359
6260:Nefopam
6220:LR-5182
6165:EXP-561
6040:Others:
5992:RTI-336
5987:RTI-229
5982:RTI-177
5977:RTI-150
5972:RTI-126
5967:RTI-121
5962:RTI-113
5957:RTI-112
5917:Cocaine
5815:HDMP-28
5734:DBL-583
5628:Trazium
5553:Nefopam
5508:LR-5182
5209:RTI-386
5204:RTI-371
5199:RTI-354
5194:RTI-336
5189:RTI-229
5184:RTI-177
5179:RTI-150
5174:RTI-126
5164:RTI-120
5159:RTI-113
5154:RTI-112
5094:Cocaine
4883:5-DBFPV
4830:Nocaine
4677:DBL-583
4036:Epinine
3919:Cathine
3795:AL-1095
3740:2,3-MDA
3596:Thujone
3518:TC-2216
3513:TC-1827
3508:TC-1698
3398:ABT-418
3393:ABT-202
3086:S-18986
3056:IDRA-21
2789:2602954
1964:Bibcode
1940:5441133
1885:Bibcode
1817:5406300
1468:3473160
1284:3572571
1235:3572453
901:Finland
891:Finland
856:Hovrätt
729:smoking
687:cocaine
681:Effects
619:bromine
567:of the
563:) is a
447:275.348
412:Formula
290:PubChem
211:Hepatic
160:Class B
145::
134::
7944:Others
7499:PRC200
7444:HP-505
7187:PIM-35
6775:PRC200
6720:HP-505
6528:O-2172
6275:O-2172
5952:RTI-55
5633:UH-232
5568:O-2172
5321:Others
5149:RTI-51
5144:RTI-32
5139:RTI-31
4913:α-PHPP
4903:α-PHiP
4898:α-PCYP
4662:3C-PEP
4224:MDMPEA
3528:UB-165
3453:GTS-21
3245:4-MEAP
3051:CX-717
3046:CX-691
3041:CX-614
3036:CX-546
3031:CX-516
2796:
2786:
2736:
2728:
2693:
2685:
2556:
2548:
2501:
2313:Nj.com
2005:
1982:
1938:
1903:
1859:
1824:
1814:
1775:
1767:
1731:
1723:
1677:
1669:
1510:
1475:
1465:
1426:
1390:
1372:
1345:
1313:
1291:
1281:
1242:
1232:
947:under
883:Canada
827:lactam
811:CYP2D6
790:, and
777:CYP450
733:rectal
693:, and
648:analog
492:SMILES
364:C22808
182:
170:
158:
122:
109:
83:rectal
7815:VMATs
6027:WF-33
6022:WF-31
6017:WF-23
6012:WF-11
5408:D-161
5328:2-MDP
5239:WF-33
5234:WF-23
4978:MOPPP
4973:MOPVP
4953:MDPBP
4948:MDPPP
4933:DMPVP
4923:α-PVT
4918:α-PVP
4908:α-PHP
4893:α-PBP
4888:α-PPP
4712:MeOPP
4672:CM156
4589:G-130
4308:MMDMA
4239:MDPEA
3790:6-FNE
3785:4-MTA
3780:4-MMA
3230:4-CMC
3225:4-BMC
2734:S2CID
2691:S2CID
2644:(PDF)
2637:(PDF)
2554:S2CID
2349:(PDF)
2342:(PDF)
1773:S2CID
1729:S2CID
1675:S2CID
1617:(PDF)
1610:(PDF)
1582:(PDF)
1571:(PDF)
1158:(PDF)
1151:(PDF)
1104:MDPPP
1099:MDPHP
1094:MDPEP
1089:MDPBP
1059:, or
972:Maine
593:Spice
512:InChI
456:JSmol
228:renal
224:urine
7855:AZIK
7844:MDMA
7333:PPPA
7076:SRIs
7065:SERT
6609:PPPA
6366:NRIs
5866:MDPV
5713:DRIs
5653:N06B
4988:MDPV
4968:MPPP
4963:MPHP
4958:MPBP
4943:FPVP
4938:FPOP
4722:oMPP
4717:MBZP
4476:PPAP
4471:PMMA
4466:PMEA
4406:PCMA
4313:MMMA
4303:MMDA
4234:MDPR
4229:MDOH
4214:MDEA
4209:MDBU
4199:MBDB
4130:HMMA
4021:EBDB
3992:DOPA
3909:BPAP
3775:4-MA
3566:DMCM
3081:PEPA
2794:PMID
2726:PMID
2683:PMID
2652:2016
2620:2017
2589:2016
2546:PMID
2515:2017
2499:PMID
2477:2016
2444:2020
2413:2015
2387:2016
2357:2016
2325:2014
2294:2016
2261:2016
2234:2018
2201:2016
2172:2012
2128:2011
2097:2016
2067:2016
2041:2016
2003:ISBN
1980:PMID
1936:PMID
1901:PMID
1857:PMID
1822:PMID
1765:PMID
1721:PMID
1667:PMID
1625:2016
1590:2016
1543:2016
1508:PMID
1473:PMID
1424:PMID
1388:PMID
1343:PMID
1327:JAMA
1289:PMID
1240:PMID
1192:2018
1166:2016
1131:2024
1047:for
979:Ohio
913:ACMD
874:for
798:and
792:COMT
784:2C19
735:and
641:ring
595:and
557:MDPV
355:KEGG
335:UNII
200:data
71:Oral
18:MDPV
7850:APP
6355:NET
6073:BTQ
5912:CFT
5702:DAT
5373:BTQ
5312:αMT
5307:αET
5134:PTT
5129:PIT
4998:PEP
4667:BZP
4461:PMA
4456:PIA
4411:PHA
4401:PCA
4396:PBA
4293:MMA
3899:BOH
3894:BDB
2784:PMC
2776:doi
2718:doi
2675:doi
2538:doi
2221:NPR
1972:doi
1928:doi
1893:doi
1849:doi
1845:152
1812:PMC
1804:doi
1800:174
1757:doi
1753:100
1711:hdl
1703:doi
1699:163
1657:hdl
1649:doi
1645:144
1500:doi
1496:208
1463:PMC
1455:doi
1416:doi
1412:190
1380:doi
1335:doi
1331:308
1279:PMC
1271:doi
1267:168
1230:PMC
1222:doi
933:DEA
899:in
788:1A2
780:2D6
380:EPA
294:CID
279:HCl
8036::
8017:•
8013:•
8009:•
8005:•
8001:•
7997:•
7974:;
7842:,
7838:,
7792:,
7788:,
7784:,
7780:,
7776:,
7707:,
7703:,
7699:,
7695:,
7681:,
7667:,
7663:,
7659:,
7655:,
7651:,
7647:,
7047:,
7043:,
7039:,
7035:,
7031:,
6990:,
6976:,
6962:,
6958:,
6954:,
5651::
4275:,
4087:,
3998:,
3856:,
2792:.
2782:.
2772:49
2770:.
2766:.
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