222:
affairs. Some have taken on posts as curators or overseers of aristocratic houses and estates; others have undertaken the collection of public taxes... others have accepted dignities and magistracies assigned to the civil establishment.... we enjoin such people to desist from now on from all the aforesaid occupations, and to devote themselves to ecclesiastical exigencies...." Such a separation of church and state was key to preserve the church from undue secular influence over matters it considered strictly clerical. This was especially key at the time as the rule of the
Emperor
1966:
172:, convened several meetings of the synod in 1166 to solve the problem, which condemned as heretical the explanations of Demetrius and the laity that followed him. Those who refused to submit to the synod's decisions had their property confiscated or were exiled. The political dimensions of this controversy are apparent from the fact that a leading dissenter from the Emperor's doctrine was his nephew Alexios Kontostephanos.
191:
221:
had sought to prevent clerics acting as advocates in lay courts. In
December 1157, Chrysoberges extended this prohibition to all "worldly" occupations. In a still-extant cannon, he wrote: "we have observed that some of those enrolled in the clergy have uncanonically involved themselves in worldly
217:
Luke was also involved in a process of the Church trying to extract itself from too close an association with the secular life of the state. In 1115, the patriarch
490:
1991:
317:
29:
139:, despite the dissidence of Patriarch of Antioch-elect Soterichus Panteugenus. During his term the theological issue of the relation between
483:
111:
During Luke's patriarchate, several other major theological controversies occurred. In 1156–1157 the question was raised, whether
1996:
499:
476:
284:
1465:
421:
294:
1909:
1862:
1842:
1797:
1707:
1671:
1575:
1540:
1343:
1138:
943:
443:
57:
1944:
1934:
1872:
1792:
1747:
1742:
1727:
1722:
1697:
1625:
1615:
1600:
1590:
1585:
1560:
1555:
1545:
1480:
1353:
1233:
898:
813:
1867:
1822:
1787:
1777:
1757:
1687:
1665:
1650:
1630:
1610:
1605:
1550:
1505:
1495:
1475:
1455:
1450:
1440:
1390:
1333:
1323:
1303:
1258:
1238:
1218:
1158:
1128:
1098:
1053:
963:
918:
691:
1939:
1904:
1857:
1847:
1827:
1817:
1807:
1782:
1772:
1762:
1717:
1702:
1640:
1635:
1530:
1470:
1435:
1415:
1405:
1348:
1298:
1278:
1213:
1198:
1148:
1133:
1123:
1048:
1028:
1013:
983:
968:
858:
741:
460:
67:
230:, and though idiosyncratic, generally made the patriarchate subservient directly to the needs of the state.
1924:
1919:
1877:
1852:
1837:
1812:
1802:
1732:
1682:
1677:
1660:
1580:
1525:
1520:
1510:
1485:
1460:
1445:
1425:
1380:
1253:
1203:
1193:
1168:
1113:
1063:
1058:
1043:
1033:
1018:
938:
933:
903:
833:
828:
751:
706:
1929:
1914:
1832:
1752:
1737:
1645:
1570:
1565:
1490:
1430:
1420:
1410:
1385:
1338:
1328:
1318:
1293:
1273:
1223:
1183:
1178:
1118:
1083:
1003:
998:
993:
948:
888:
868:
843:
818:
808:
793:
788:
766:
721:
711:
676:
655:
450:
100:
468:
1767:
1655:
1535:
1400:
1308:
1288:
1268:
1263:
1243:
1208:
1173:
1163:
1153:
1088:
988:
978:
973:
958:
913:
908:
863:
803:
701:
570:
1692:
1595:
1395:
1248:
1103:
1068:
1038:
1023:
953:
928:
878:
873:
853:
798:
761:
756:
736:
610:
540:
1712:
1283:
1188:
893:
681:
650:
575:
560:
39:
1620:
1313:
923:
883:
838:
625:
615:
600:
434:
282:
1078:
124:
1108:
686:
635:
620:
605:
595:
585:
555:
550:
545:
151:
first appeared. The issue was created due to the explanation that one
Demetrius of Lampi (in
2001:
1375:
1228:
1073:
716:
640:
590:
383:
8:
1970:
696:
645:
580:
530:
397:
209:) – The controversy of 1156–1157 was about the interpretation of John's liturgy for the
1882:
1093:
823:
731:
630:
565:
525:
311:
1008:
848:
417:
290:
223:
169:
1958:
1500:
779:
218:
175:
Other heresies continued to flourish in
Byzantine possessions in Europe, including
396:
Kurtz, Johann
Heinrich (1860). "Dogmatic Controversies, 12th and 14th Centuries".
726:
411:
202:
1366:
666:
407:
156:
144:
116:
92:
1985:
1515:
227:
516:
206:
184:
148:
136:
498:
283:
Hugh
Eteriano, Janet Hamilton, Sarah Hamilton e Bernard Hamilton (2004).
140:
120:
180:
746:
511:
210:
195:
115:
had offered himself as a sacrifice for the sins of the world to the
535:
176:
131:
1965:
190:
152:
1895:
198:
187:
which Luke and his successors had difficulty in suppressing.
159:
132:
128:
112:
168:(John, XIV.29). Chrysoberges, at the behest of the Emperor
16:
Ecumenical
Patriarch of Constantinople from 1156 to 1169
213:, "Thou art He who offers and is offered and receives."
399:History of the Christian Church to the Reformation
268:History of the Christian Church to the Restoration
1983:
484:
135:made flesh offered a double sacrifice to the
316:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
390:The Orthodox Church in the Byzantine Empire
491:
477:
413:The Empire of Manuel I Komnenos, 1143–1180
1992:12th-century patriarchs of Constantinople
416:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
406:
189:
500:Bishops of Byzantium and Patriarchs of
260:
226:was noted for its autocratic style and
1984:
30:Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
472:
395:
278:
276:
106:
333:
13:
273:
246:Chrysoberges meaning "golden wand"
14:
2013:
392:. Oxford: University Press, 1986.
127:(i.e., to himself). In the end a
1964:
58:Constantine IV of Constantinople
341:The Empire of Manuel I Komnenos
1997:Officials of Manuel I Komnenos
435:Eastern Orthodox Church titles
364:
355:
346:
324:
240:
161:«ὁ Πατήρ μου μείζων μου ἐστίν»
1:
253:
68:Michael III of Constantinople
1892:Patriarchs of Constantinople
1363:Patriarchs of Constantinople
776:Patriarchs of Constantinople
155:) gave to the phrase of the
7:
451:Patriarch of Constantinople
166:my Father is bigger than me
101:Patriarch of Constantinople
10:
2018:
670:(Roman period, 330–451 AD)
377:
160:
99:; died November 1169) was
1953:
1891:
1362:
775:
664:
509:
457:
448:
440:
433:
96:
78:
73:
63:
53:
45:
35:
28:
21:
233:
40:Church of Constantinople
1971:Christianity portal
384:Οικουμενικό Πατριαρχείο
370:Magdalino, pp. 308–309.
103:between 1156 and 1169.
1898:period, since 1923 AD)
289:. BRILL. p. 114.
214:
1369:period, 1453–1923 AD)
193:
782:period, 451–1453 AD)
402:. T. & T. Clark.
330:Hussey, pp. 152–153.
49:1157 – November 1169
1698:Callinicus IV (III)
519:period, 38–330 AD)
361:Magdalino, p. 306.
215:
97:Λουκᾶς Χρυσοβέργης
1979:
1978:
1758:Callinicus V (IV)
727:John I Chrysostom
467:
466:
458:Succeeded by
224:Manuel I Comnenos
194:A millennium-old
123:only, or also to
107:Ordained ministry
89:Luke Chrysoberges
86:
85:
23:Luke Chrysoberges
2009:
1969:
1968:
503:
493:
486:
479:
470:
469:
441:Preceded by
431:
430:
427:
403:
371:
368:
362:
359:
353:
350:
344:
337:
331:
328:
322:
321:
315:
307:
305:
303:
286:Contra Patarenos
280:
271:
264:
247:
244:
219:John IX Agapetos
163:
162:
98:
74:Personal details
19:
18:
2017:
2016:
2012:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2006:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1975:
1963:
1949:
1893:
1887:
1466:Metrophanes III
1364:
1358:
1079:Constantine III
777:
771:
669:
665:Archbishops of
660:
514:
505:
501:
497:
463:
454:
446:
424:
408:Magdalino, Paul
380:
375:
374:
369:
365:
360:
356:
352:Hussey, p. 162.
351:
347:
338:
334:
329:
325:
309:
308:
301:
299:
297:
281:
274:
265:
261:
256:
251:
250:
245:
241:
236:
203:John Chrysostom
109:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2015:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1977:
1976:
1974:
1973:
1961:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1910:Constantine VI
1907:
1901:
1899:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1863:Neophytus VIII
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1843:Sophronius III
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1798:Constantius II
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1708:Joannicius III
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1672:Callinicus III
1668:
1663:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1576:Parthenius III
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1541:Athanasius III
1538:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1372:
1370:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1344:Metrophanes II
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1139:Constantine IV
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
944:Constantine II
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
816:
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
785:
783:
773:
772:
770:
769:
764:
759:
754:
749:
744:
739:
734:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
673:
671:
667:Constantinople
662:
661:
659:
658:
653:
648:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
583:
578:
573:
568:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
522:
520:
507:
506:
502:Constantinople
496:
495:
488:
481:
473:
465:
464:
459:
456:
447:
444:Constantine IV
442:
438:
437:
429:
428:
422:
404:
393:
386:
379:
376:
373:
372:
363:
354:
345:
339:P. Magdalino,
332:
323:
295:
272:
258:
257:
255:
252:
249:
248:
238:
237:
235:
232:
164:, which means
157:Gospel of John
108:
105:
84:
83:
80:
76:
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
55:
51:
50:
47:
43:
42:
37:
33:
32:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2014:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1960:
1956:
1955:
1952:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1890:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1873:Constantine V
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1793:Constantius I
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1748:Gerasimus III
1746:
1744:
1743:Neophytus VII
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1728:Sophronius II
1726:
1724:
1723:Theodosius II
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1647:
1644:
1642:
1639:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1626:Callinicus II
1624:
1622:
1619:
1617:
1616:Athanasius IV
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1601:Methodius III
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1591:Dionysius III
1589:
1587:
1586:Parthenius IV
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1561:Joannicius II
1559:
1557:
1556:Parthenius II
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1546:Neophytus III
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1481:Theoleptus II
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1361:
1355:
1354:Athanasius II
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1234:Nicephorus II
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1055:
1052:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
899:Constantine I
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
860:
857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
815:
814:Macedonius II
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
786:
784:
781:
774:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
753:
750:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
735:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
674:
672:
668:
663:
657:
654:
652:
649:
647:
644:
642:
639:
637:
634:
632:
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1957:in exile at
1868:Anthimus VII
1823:Meletius III
1788:Agathangelus
1778:Anthimus III
1688:Neophytus VI
1666:Jeremias III
1651:Athanasius V
1631:Neophytus IV
1611:Gerasimus II
1606:Dionysius IV
1551:Parthenius I
1506:Neophytus II
1496:Theophanes I
1476:Pachomius II
1456:Dionysius II
1451:Joannicius I
1441:Theoleptus I
1391:Sophronius I
1376:Gennadius II
1334:Euthymius II
1324:Callistus II
1259:Athanasius I
1239:Germanus III
1219:Methodius II
1159:Theodosius I
1143:
1129:Theodotus II
1099:Nicholas III
1054:Sisinnius II
964:Nicephorus I
919:Callinicus I
692:Macedonius I
611:Philadelphus
541:Polycarpus I
449:
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302:September 4,
300:. Retrieved
285:
267:
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216:
207:Hagia Sophia
185:Monophysites
174:
165:
149:Holy Trinity
137:Holy Trinity
110:
88:
87:
2002:1169 deaths
1945:Bartholomew
1935:Athenagoras
1905:Gregory VII
1883:Meletius IV
1858:Dionysius V
1848:Joachim III
1828:Anthimus VI
1818:Germanus IV
1808:Anthimus IV
1783:Chrysanthus
1773:Eugenius II
1763:Jeremias IV
1718:Meletius II
1703:Seraphim II
1641:Neophytus V
1636:Gabriel III
1531:Anthimus II
1471:Jeremias II
1436:Pachomius I
1416:Maximus III
1406:Dionysius I
1349:Gregory III
1299:Callistus I
1279:Gerasimus I
1214:Germanus II
1199:Theodore II
1149:Michael III
1134:Neophytus I
1124:Nicholas IV
1049:Nicholas II
1029:Theophylact
1014:Εuthymius I
984:Methodius I
969:Theodotus I
859:Cyriacus II
794:Gennadius I
742:Sisinnius I
651:Metrophanes
576:Athenodorus
561:Eleutherius
510:Bishops of
461:Michael III
121:Holy Spirit
119:and to the
54:Predecessor
1986:Categories
1920:Photius II
1878:Germanus V
1853:Joachim IV
1838:Joachim II
1813:Anthimus V
1803:Gregory VI
1733:Gabriel IV
1683:Seraphim I
1678:Paisius II
1661:Cosmas III
1581:Gabriel II
1526:Gregory IV
1521:Timothy II
1511:Raphael II
1501:Meletius I
1486:Matthew II
1461:Joasaph II
1446:Jeremias I
1426:Maximus IV
1381:Isidore II
1304:Philotheus
1254:Gregory II
1204:Maximus II
1194:Michael IV
1169:Nicetas II
1114:Michael II
1094:Eustratius
1064:Eustathius
1059:Sergius II
1044:Αntony III
1034:Polyeuctus
1019:Stephen II
1009:Nicholas I
939:Anastasius
934:Germanus I
904:Theodore I
834:Anthimus I
829:Epiphanius
752:Maximianus
707:Demophilus
626:Eugenius I
616:Cyriacus I
601:Olympianus
455:1156–1169
254:References
181:Paulicians
145:the Father
1940:Demetrius
1930:Maximus V
1915:Basil III
1833:Cyril VII
1753:Gregory V
1738:Procopius
1646:Cyprianus
1571:Paisius I
1566:Cyril III
1491:Gabriel I
1431:Joachim I
1421:Nephon II
1411:Raphael I
1386:Joasaph I
1339:Joseph II
1329:Matthew I
1319:Antony IV
1294:Isidore I
1274:John XIII
1224:Manuel II
1184:George II
1179:Dositheus
1119:Cosmas II
1084:John VIII
1074:Michael I
1004:Antony II
999:Stephen I
994:Photios I
949:Nicetas I
889:Thomas II
869:Sergius I
844:Eutychius
819:Timothy I
809:Euphemius
789:Anatolius
780:Byzantine
767:Anatolius
747:Nestorius
722:Nectarius
717:Gregory I
712:Maximus I
677:Alexander
656:Alexander
512:Byzantium
410:(2002) .
312:cite book
270:, 265–266
211:Eucharist
196:Byzantine
125:the Logos
64:Successor
46:In office
1925:Benjamin
1768:Cyril VI
1656:Cyril IV
1536:Cyril II
1401:Symeon I
1309:Macarius
1289:John XIV
1269:Nephon I
1264:John XII
1244:Joseph I
1229:Arsenius
1209:Μanuel I
1174:Leontius
1164:Basil II
1154:Chariton
1089:Cosmas I
989:Ignatios
979:John VII
974:Antony I
959:Tarasius
914:Paul III
909:George I
864:Thomas I
849:John III
804:Fravitta
732:Arsacius
702:Evagrius
697:Eudoxius
687:Eusebius
636:Dometius
621:Castinus
606:Marcus I
596:Pertinax
586:Laurence
556:Diogenes
551:Sedecion
546:Plutarch
536:Onesimus
177:Bogomils
170:Manuel I
133:the Word
1896:Turkish
1693:Cyril V
1596:Clement
1516:Cyril I
1396:Mark II
1367:Ottoman
1249:John XI
1104:John IX
1069:Alexius
1039:Βasil I
1024:Tryphon
954:Paul IV
929:John VI
879:Paul II
874:Pyrrhus
854:John IV
824:John II
799:Acacius
762:Flavian
757:Proclus
737:Atticus
641:Rufinus
591:Alypius
531:Stachys
378:Sources
153:Phrygia
147:in the
141:the Son
1959:Nicaea
1713:Samuel
1284:Isaias
1189:John X
894:John V
682:Paul I
646:Probus
581:Euzois
526:Andrew
420:
293:
199:mosaic
183:, and
117:Father
113:Christ
36:Church
1621:James
1314:Nilus
924:Cyrus
884:Peter
839:Menas
631:Titus
566:Felix
517:Roman
343:, 217
234:Notes
129:synod
93:Greek
1144:Luke
418:ISBN
318:link
304:2011
291:ISBN
143:and
79:Died
1109:Leo
201:of
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314:}}
310:{{
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