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269:, she was adamant from an early age that she was a girl. Her parents, based on advice from doctors, supported her decision to live as one. She later established a boarding house in Oxnard, where she became a popular hostess. In 1945, a year after she married her second husband, she was arrested, tried and convicted of perjury, as the government said she had lied about her sex on her marriage license. After her release from prison, she and her husband moved to Los Angeles.
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stated "When the sheriff arrested her one night, her double-barreled reputation paid off—Charles Donlon, the town's leading banker, promptly bailed her out he had scheduled a huge dinner party which would have collapsed dismally with Lucy in jail." In 1944, Hicks married Reuben
Anderson, a soldier
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marriage in the United States was only considered legally valid if between a man and a woman, and as
Anderson was considered a man, the marriage was declared invalid. As a result, the federal government charged her with fraud for receiving the financial allotments wives of soldiers got under the
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district attorney learned from this examination that
Anderson was transgender, he chose to try her for perjury, arguing that she lied about her sex on her marriage license and impersonated a woman. After being published in a small Pacific Coast paper, the story became widely publicized through a
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During the her trial for perjury, she stated "I defy any doctor in the world to prove that I am not a woman," and "I have lived, dressed, acted just what I am, a woman." However, the court convicted her of perjury on her marriage license and sentenced her to 10 years of probation. At the time,
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at the age of 34. A skilled chef, she won some baking contests. Her marriage to
Clarence lasted nine years, but during the course of the union, she saved enough money to buy property that was a boarding house front for a brothel; it also sold illegal liquor during the
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At the age of 15, Anderson left school and did domestic work as a means to support herself. At age 20, she headed west to Pecos, Texas, where she worked in a hotel, and then to New Mexico, where she married her first husband
Clarence Hicks in
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After being released from prison, Anderson was barred from returning to Oxnard by the police chief, who threatened further prosecution. She and Reuben relocated to Los
Angeles, where they resided quietly until her death in 1954, at 68.
69:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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article on
November 5, 1945, where Anderson was exposed as a transgender woman. In a later letter from the publisher on January 14, 1946, it is explained that TIME subscribers even nominated Anderson for
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existed, and naming herself Lucy. Doctors told
Anderson's parents to let her live as a young woman, so they did, and she began wearing dresses to school and being known as Lucy.
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from one of the women in
Anderson's brothel, so all of the women, including Anderson, were required to undergo medical examination. When the
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing German
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Handbook of LGBT Elders: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Principles, Practices, and Policies
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The Fountainheads: Lucy Hicks Anderson, Mother of Marriage Equality and Transgender Rights
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History vs Women: The Defiant Lives that They Don't Want You to Know
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on January 9, 1886, as the child of William and Nancy Lawson
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Black on both sides : a racial history of trans identity
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916:"Roush Review: Giving 'Equal' Time to Gay-Rights Pioneers"
559:"Anderson, Lucy Hicks [Tobias Lawson] (1886-1954)"
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Black on Both Sides: A Racial History of Trans Identity
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1008:People from Oxnard, California
851:"CALIFORNIA: Sin & Souffl"
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557:Leonard, Kevin (2007-06-27).
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261:, best known for her time in
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305:in 1920. She later moved to
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495:Transgender Mental Health
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343:TIME's "Man of the Year"
277:Lucy Lawson was born in
177:Socialite, chef, hostess
371:Handbook of LGBT Elders
303:Silver City, New Mexico
166:Los Angeles, California
108:For more guidance, see
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267:Assigned male at birth
531:"Lucy Hicks Anderson"
265:, from 1920 to 1946.
110:Knowledge:Translation
81:copyright attribution
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240:Lucy Hicks Anderson
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698:2020-06-11 at the
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1018:LGBTQ chefs
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952:Categories
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139:1886-01-09
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831:cite book
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251:socialite
103:talk page
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